Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society 2012 Awards

GLYPHS The Monthly Newsletter of the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society An Affiliate of the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona Founded in 1916

Vol. 63, No. 2 Tucson, Arizona August 2012

HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE President’s Message ...... 2 Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society 2012 Awards ...... 6 Marcia Lyn Donaldson, May 5, 1953—June 18, 2012 ...... 11 The Cornerstone ...... 13

First Pecos Conference, August 29, 1927: Participants (Photo Lot 33: Groups: Pecos Conference 02873700, National Anthropological Ar- chives, Smithsonian Institution)

Next General Meeting: September 17, 2012 7:30 p.m., Duval Auditorium, University Medical Center www.az-arch-and-hist.org Page 2 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 3

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE AAHS LECTURE SERIES All meetings are held at the University Medical Center, Duval Auditorium th n the 6 of July I at- crowd was executed on July 7, 1936. Third Monday of the month, 7:30–9:00 p.m. tended a family wed- Having no reason to suspect that she O Aug. 20, 2012: No lecture, Pecos Conference ding rehearsal in Missoula, planned her wedding around an ex- Montana. The dinner was ecution, I nodded and looked closer Sept. 17, 2012: Patricia A. Gilman, What is the Meaning of Mimbres Art? served on the front lawn of the at the name written on the photo: Oct. 15, 2012: Paul Reed, Chacoan Immigration and Influence in the Middle Worden House, celebrated as the old- William Clarence Cates. San Juan est residence in town and listed on I wondered what Mr. Cates had Nov. 19, 2012: Joshua D. Reuther and Ben Potter, Upward Sun River Site: the National Register of Historic done to have his final photograph Climate Change, Geoarchaeology, and Human Land Use in Ice Places. Francis L. Worden arrived in hidden in a cabinet at the Worden Age Alaska Montana in 1860, to establish a trad- House on East Pine Street nearly 76 ing post, and later, in 1874, he be- years later, so I Googled him. Will- Dec. 17, 2012: Jesse Ballenger, Effluent Hunters: Conservation and Research at came a partner in the Missoula Mills iam Clarence Cates, a convicted boot- the Murray Springs Clovis Site [Note: This lecture will be Company. He built his Folk Gothic legger, was charged in 1933, with held at ASM in conjunction with a holiday party/silent style home the same year, where he murdering Paul Albro Read, the 21st auction.] and his wife, Lucretia, raised seven Federal Prohibition officer to be “in- children. A native of Vermont, Wor- tentionally” shot in the line of duty. den planted maple trees in his yard Cates maintained that Read was and along the road. I found this a crooked and that he fired in self-de- PECOS CONFERENCE 2012 ROCK SWAP little peculiar, because the Worden fense. Agent Read died before he House is located on East Pine Street, could provide a full account of what he Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society will host an impromptu but my dinner companion assured happened, but stated that he did not T“rock swap” at our vendor table at the 2012 Pecos Conference in Pecos, me that they were probably just try- believe Cates had the nerve to shoot New Mexico. The purpose of the rock swap is to facilitate the identification ing to be ironic. him. However, the most surprising and exchange of raw materials among researchers working in the Southwest. The food manager at No Ancho- fact about Mr. Cates’ execution was Preference is given to knappable materials, such as chert, rhyolite, obsidian, vies in Tucson, Arizona, now an in- that it apparently never happened! and so forth, but all contributions are welcome. law of mine, recommended that I see William Cates benefited from Pecos Conference attendees can participate in the rock swap for no cost, but the photograph of a Missoula public nine stays of execution and was even- raw material contributions are encouraged. Please identify the rock type, located inside the house. Soon tually paroled in 1957. He returned geological unit name, provenance, and your name for all rock contributions. enough, the bride was reluctantly to Missoula, where he worked as a To minimize the need for on-site reduction, large nodules should be broken showing me a framed photograph cabinet maker until his death in into multiple pieces in advance. AAHS strongly discourages the collection of discretely kept in a large cabinet and 1972. William Clarence Cates, pos- authentic artifacts for raw material reference collections, and none will be explaining that the dates were merely sible murderer and practical joker, is included in the AAHS rock swap. If you have questions please email Jesse a coincidence, because the writing on buried in St. Mary’s Catholic Cem- Ballenger at [email protected]. the margin of the photo indicated the etery in Missoula. small figure hanging before a large —Jesse Ballenger, President GLYPHS: Information and articles to be included in Glyphs must be received by the 10th of each month for inclusion in the next month’s issue. Follow AAHS on Facebook at: www.facebook.com/pages/Tucson-AZ/ Contact me, Emilee Mead, at [email protected] or 520.881.2244 (phone), Arizona-Archaeological-and-Historical-Society 520.909.3662 (cell), 520.881.0325 (FAX). Page 4 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 5

ALWIN J. GIRDNER’S DINÉ TAH WINS 2012 PECOS CONFERENCE! 2012 EVANS HANDCART AWARD he 2012 Pecos Conference of Southwestern Archaeology will be held Tat Pecos National Historical Park, Pecos, New Mexico, August 9–12. Join TUCSON, AZ (July 1, 2012) Rio Nuevo Publishers is delighted to announce us for the 85th anniversary! Early registration is now open. Registration forms, that Diné Tah: My Reservation Days 1923-1939, by Alwin J. Girdner, has won a preliminary schedule, conference location, accommodations, and other in- the 2012 Evans Handcart Award for biography. formation about the conference are available online at www.swanet.org/ This prize honors “outstanding writing by a new or emerging author about 2012_pecos_conference/index.html. the people who have helped to shape the growth and character of the interior Each August, archaeologists gather under open skies. They set up a large tent West.” for shade, and spend three or more days together discussing recent research It is administered by the Mountain West Center for Regional Studies at and the problems of the Utah State University and will be awarded in September. field and challenges of the In making the award, the jury wrote: “This work is a lovely memoir with profession. In recent years, such a nice tone showing a love and respect for all people and groups men- Native Americans, avoca- tioned.” Along with praise for Girdner’s deeply knowledgeable narrative and tional archaeologists, the previously unpublished, historic photographs, they also noted: “It is a book general public, and media with a lot of original stories that can be mined later by scholars.” organizations have come to Based in Tucson, Arizona, Rio Nuevo Publishers produces regional adult speak with the archaeolo- nonfiction, as well as children’s books under the Rio Chico imprint. gists. These individuals Contact: Susan Lowell Humphreys, Publisher, at [email protected], and groups play an increas- or Suzan Glosser, Sales and Marketing, at [email protected]. ingly important role, as par- Rio Nuevo Publishers, 451 N. Bonita Ave., Tucson, Arizona 85745 ticipants and as audience, 520.623.9558, www.rionuevo.com helping professional archaeologists celebrate ar- An AAHS book review is available online at www.az-arch-and-hist.org/ chaeological research and publications/book-reviews/ to mark cultural continuity. First inspired and orga- nized by A. V. Kidder in 1927 (see cover photo- FIELD TRIP PREVIEW graph), the Pecos Confer- ence has no formal organi- Plans are well underway for next season’s field trips. The AAHS Field Trip zation or permanent lead- Committee (Suzanne Crawford, Chris Lange, David McLean, Lynn Ratener, ership. Somehow, profes- and Katherine Cerino) have outlined a full season. The season will start sional archaeologists find ways to organize themselves to meet at a new confer- with Basketry Treasured in September (see separate notice). Trips that are ence location each summer, mostly because they understand the problems of presently confirmed include petroglyphs in the Gila Bend area with Ella working in isolation in the field and the importance of direct face time with and Roy Pierpoint (November 3–4, 2012), a tour of the historic Prison Camp colleagues. The conference is open to all who are interested. on Mt. Lemmon with Roger Mersiowsky (December), the Honey Bee Village The 2012 Pecos Conference is sponsored by Pecos National Historical Park, site with Henry Wallace (April), and a trip to Kinishba and Fort Apache Friends of Pecos NHP, Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, School for Ad- with John Welch (May). Please check the website frequently for updates and vanced Research, New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office, and the sign-up opportunities. Remember, AAHS field trips are generally limited to Western National Parks Association. 20 people, and you must be a member to participate. Page 6 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 7

ences resulted in the location and The broader goal of this docu- ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGICAL & HISTORICAL identification of the Jimmy Owens mentary history is to expand SOCIETY 2012 AWARDS site near Lubbock, Texas, a 1541 current knowledge of individual campsite of the Coronado expedi- members of the expedition and the tion. Separately and in collabora- Native Americans encountered The 2012 Byron S. Cummings Award for Outstanding tion, the Flints have published six along the way, as well as under- Contributions in Archaeology, Anthropology, or Ethnology books and several articles. standing the events, motivations, Presented to: Dr. Richard Flint and Shirley Cushing Flint The Flints’ magnum opus is and outcomes of the expedition and Documents of the Coronado Expedi- Spain’s century of reconnaissance tion, 1539-1542: “They Were Not and conquest in general. DR. RICHARD FLINT AND SHIRLEY CUSHING FLINT Familiar with His Majesty, Nor Did Currently exploring archives in They Wish to Be His Subjects,” Spain, Mexico, Guatemala, Ecua- published in 2005, by Southern dor, and Peru, the Flints are seeking Historians would be hard pressed cross-cultural contact in the early Methodist University Press. It is the previously unstudied documents to find two scholars who have modern world. Richard and Shirley first annotated, dual-language related to the Coronado expedition. made as many substantial contri- themselves have participated in edition of 34 original documents When completed, this project will butions to the field of Spanish archaeological research in Arizona, from the Coronado expedition. exponentially increase what is Borderlands studies through the New Mexico, and Texas, as part of Using the latest historical, archaeo- known about the more than 2,000 medium of documentary history their life-long quest to recover and logical, geographical, and linguistic people who comprised the expedi- than Dr. Richard Flint and Shirley interpret Coronado’s entrada into research, the Flints make available tion. The Flints are tireless in their Cushing Flint. Their efforts to what we now call the American to the scholarly and general publics scholarly contributions, and we are uncover all documents related to Southwest. accurate transcriptions and modern better informed because of their the Coronado expedition reflect an The Flints have been leading the English translations of the docu- efforts. Their colleagues in history, exhaustive approach to archival field in groundbreaking documen- ments, including seven never before archaeology, geography, and other research. Very few scholars of tary research on the Coronado published and seven others never fields are better scholars because of Spanish North America have expedition for the last 25 years. before available in English. the methodologies the Flints use. conducted such careful and They both hold Master’s degrees rigorous research in European, from New Mexico Highlands Mexican, and U.S. archives, with an University in Las Vegas, New The 2012 Victor R. Stoner Award for Outstanding eye toward reconstructing the Mexico. Richard also earned a Contributions to Public Archaeology or Historic Preservation history and broader significance of Ph.D. in Latin American and Presented to: G. Donald Kucera and Lyle M. Stone Coronado’s trek through northern Western United States History from Mexico and the southwestern the University of New Mexico. Both United States. are currently Research Associates G. DONALD KUCERA Further, the Flints’ interdiscipli- at the University of New Mexico’s nary sensibilities attract scholars Latin American and Iberian from other fields whose research Institute, and at Archaeology G. Donald Kucera was born in years. Don came to Tucson to work and methodologies flesh out the Southwest, in Tucson. Chicago, Illinois, worked for at Kitt Peak National Observatory Coronado expedition well beyond Together, they have directed two Chrysler Missile Corporation, near (National Optical Astronomy the written record, leaving students major conferences on the Coronado Detroit, Michigan, and Bendix Observatory) and, after 30 years, and the scholarly public with a expedition, one in 1992, and the Corporation, in Ann Arbor, and has more nuanced understanding of most recent in 2000. Those confer- been a resident of Tucson for 45 (continued on page 8) Page 8 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 9

(continued from page 7) recognized his contributions with for Interpretation. In 2003, the honored him with its 2005 Award the Society’s Appreciation Award. National Park Service presented in Public Archaeology (Avocational retired as Senior Engineering A passionate interest in the him with an award “For Outstand- Archaeologist Category). Technical Associate. Spanish Colonial period in the ing Contributions to the Juan In the same spirit, AAHS is He is a member of, and a volun- Americas and a strong desire to Bautista de Anza National Historic pleased to present G. Donald teer for, many preservation- and share knowledge of this time with Trial.” In recognition of all these Kucera its 2012 Victor Stoner conservation-related organizations the people of Arizona led Don to things and more, the Governor’s Award. and has been a leader in many of spend eight years as a member of Archaeology Advisory Commission them, including the Amerind La Gente del Presidio, the Tucson Foundation, Archaeology South- Presidio Trust for Historic west (formerly the Center for Desert Preservation’s Spanish Colonial LYLE M. STONE Archaeology), Arizona Native living history program. For five Plants Society, Arizona-Sonora years, he worked with Los Desert Museum, Southwestern Tubaqueños, the Spanish Colonial Dr. Lyle M. Stone’s anthropology Michilimackinac, he established a Mission Research Center, Spanish living history program at the Tubac education prepared him for his set of public-oriented practices that Colonial Arts Society, Archaeologi- Presidio State Historic Park. future accomplishments: a B.A. he continued throughout his cal Conservancy, and Western In 1997, the Arizona Governor’s from the University of Nebraska professional life. He involved National Parks Association. Office celebrated his efforts with (1963), graduate experience at university students and members of His many service posts have Los Tubaqueños by presenting him Arizona State University, and M.A. Michigan Archaeological Society included Chairman of the Michigan a “Spirit of Excellence” award for (1968) and Ph.D. (1970) degrees chapters, published extensively to Section of the Great Lakes Chapter public volunteerism. Don is also from Michigan State University. foster professional and public of the Sierra Club, co-founder of the the founder and Coordinator of Research and employment associ- understanding of his results, Rincon Chapter of the Sierra Club, Spanish Colonial history programs ated with his academic programs presented public lectures, and Assistant Director of the Tucson at the Tucson Museum of Art and set him on a pathway of service and invited site visits while excavations Audubon Society’s Desert Ecology Historic Block and a former scholarship that has benefitted were underway. While in Michi- Institute, member of the Tucson member of the Tucson Presidio archaeologists, historians, and the gan, in 1967, he helped found the Audubon Society’s Conservation Trust for Historical Preservation’s public alike. The Victor Stoner Society for Historical Archaeology Committee, member of the Arizona Board of Directors. Award honors Lyle Stone for (SHA). He later served as book Governor’s Archaeology Advisory Since 1990, Don has been a VIP promoting public awareness of and review editor for its journal, a board Commission, and volunteer for the (a member of the Volunteers in appreciation for historical archae- member, and was elected SHA Arizona State Museum, the Arizona Parks program) with the National ology throughout his career. president in 1980. State Historic Preservation Office Park Service. During this period, he Following undergraduate work Dr. Stone is a pioneer in South- (Arch-Expo), and the Marana has been a driving force in the in Nebraska and Kansas, Dr. Stone west cultural resource manage- Heritage Conservancy. establishment and interpretation of participated in Arizona archaeol- ment. He returned to Arizona in A long-time member of the the Juan Bautista de Anza National ogy but elected to pursue his Ph.D. 1974 and established the state’s Arizona Archaeological and Historic Trail in Arizona. He has on the historical archaeology of first private archaeological consult- Historical Society (AAHS), Don has been the Anza Trail Coalition of Michigan, in conjunction with ing firm, Archaeological Research served the organization in many Arizona (ATCA) Coordinator for work being conducted by state Services, Inc. (ARS), with his wife capacities, including Vice President Pima County since 1990, was agencies and with public interpre- Betsy Stone as managerial collabo- for Activities and founder of the President of ATCA for three years, tation and visitation as ultimate rator. Over the next 33 years, ARS Chiricahua Study Group. In 1998 and is currently an ATCA state goals. During his dissertation work and again in 2001, AAHS gratefully board member and Vice President at eighteenth century Fort (continued on page 10) Page 10 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 11

(continued from page 9) Other projects targeted the histori- MARCIA LYN DONALDSON cal archaeology of such Arizona MAY 5, 1953 – JUNE 18, 2012 conducted 2,690 archaeological and municipalities as Winslow, Tempe, historic projects, adding substan- Phoenix, Jerome, and Prescott. t is with great sadness that we recognize the death of Marci Donaldson, wife tially to the region’s scholarly Lyle Stone’s distinguished of Bill Gillespie, and mother of Nathan and Ian. Many of us in Tucson came literature. At a time when investiga- public service in the interests of I to know Marci from her time at the National Park Services’s (NPS) Western tions focused overwhelmingly on Southwestern archaeology and Archeological and Conservation Center (WACC), or when she worked at the prehispanic remains, Lyle Stone led history reflects his colleagues’ Arizona State Museum’s the way in bringing attention to the regard for his expertise. For 12 (ASM) Central Arizona Project U.S. Southwest’s rich record of years, he was a member of the Repository, where she eventu- historical archaeology, recognizing Arizona Sites Review Committee of ally became the head of the pro- that its extant buildings, their the Arizona Historical Advisory gram responsible for curating restoration potential, and the inter- Commission, reviewing all nomi- the project’s collections, or pretive relevance of these of traces of nations to the National Register of from her efforts at the Bureau the more recent past attract broad Historic Places. He also served on of Reclamation working with audiences and are particularly the State Historic Preservation the San Xavier District of the conducive to public engagement in Office’s ad hoc Historical Archae- Tohono O’odham Nation on preservation initiatives. ology Committee, and for two terms the modernization and expan- ARS clients were often Arizona on the Executive Committee of the sion of the infrastructure of the communities. For example, investiga- Arizona Archaeological Council. In San Xavier Farm Coop. tions for the City of Yuma included 2006, he received the Governor’s But Marci’s fame extends the Yuma Quartermaster Depot, Heritage Preservation Honors well beyond Tucson. Her pas- Yuma Territorial Prison, Yuma Grand Award. The Arizona sion for travel and archaeology took her all over the world. In 1973, she went community waterworks, and the Archaeological and Historical to coastal Peru to work on the Chan Chan-Moche Valley project, where she Southern Pacific Railroad Depot Society is proud to present Lyle ended up sorting botanical samples, learning much about archaeobotany, and Hotel and tracks. ARS also con- Stone the Victor Stoner Award in taking the opportunity to travel in Peru. ducted research on nineteenth- recognition of his enduring ac- In 1983, she and Bill began working on the excavation project at Ain Ghazal, century Fort Yuma, on lands of the hievements in effectively connect- a major PrePottery Neolithic village site near Amman, Jordan. At Ain Ghazal, Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma ing the profession of archaeology Marci uncovered a cache of lime-plaster anthropomorphic statues which, at Indian Reservation, in California. with its public. about 9,000 years in age, are among the earliest known in human history. Marci spent four field seasons at Ain Ghazal and one season with the Arizona State University (ASU) Wadi Hasa Project in southern Jordan, working on UPCOMING AAHS FIELD TRIPS Late Paleolithic sites. AAHS membership is required to participate in field trips. Prospective In New Mexico, Marci spent several seasons doing fieldwork in the Chaco members may attend one AAHS field trip prior to joining. Canyon area, working for the NPS Chaco Project, the Navajo Nation, and the University of New Mexico. Those projects included excavating at Pueblo Alto Basketry Treasured Tour with ASM Curators and at small sites in the Bis sa’ani community and on the Navajo Indian September 21, 2012 Irrigation Project. Single-handedly, Marci surveyed a 140-mile-long segment AAHS members will be given a special tour of the Basketry Treasured exhibit for the proposed Continental Divide pipeline in southwestern Colorado and by Arizona State Museum curators Diane Dittemore and Mike Jacobs. We northwestern New Mexico. Her archaeobotanical interests were expanded will be at 10:00 a.m. in the lobby of the museum. If you’re interested, please contact David McLean at [email protected]. Tour limited to 20 people. (continued on page 12) Page 12 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 13

(continued from page 11) THE CORNERSTONE after she joined the staff of the Castetter Laboratory of Ethnobotany Humans Have Love-Hate Relationship with the at the University of New Mexico. Environment Marci’s academic experiences took by James Watson, Arizona State Museum her to the 1975 Mesa Verde Field School, run by Dr. David Breternitz. She subsequently worked in the labo- uman/environment interac- Watson, also the assistant cura- ratory until she graduated from the H tions have a history as long as tor of bioarchaeology at the Arizona University of Colorado with a B.A. in the existence of our species on the State Museum, has been conducting Anthropology. In 1980, she married planet. research in both the southern Ari- Bill Gillespie, whom she had met at Hominid ancestors began pollut- zona and northern Mexico regions the Mesa Verde Field School. While ing their environment nearly 700,000 to better understand how humans attending graduate school at ASU, years ago, with the control of fire, and and the environment in the Sonoran Marci worked on a number of projects, humans have not looked back since. Desert interacted in the past. including extensive survey on the The modern phenomenon of glo- In particular, Watson’s research Mogollon Rim for the Upper Little bal warming is very likely the direct focuses on how humans have used Colorado Planning Unit project. Marci result of human pollution and de- the landscape to their advantage, achieved her Master’s degree in An- struction of the environment, said and also how the landscape deter- thropology in 1981, and completed all James Watson, a University of Ari- mines how humans can use it, based but her dissertation at ASU. zona assistant professor in the School on the level of technological complex- While it may seem like her life was devoted to archaeology, her family and of Anthropology. ity available to them at the time. friends were most important to her. Sons Nathan and Ian were born in 1986 Most scientists recognize the steep Two chapters Watson recently co- and 1989, respectively, and they were her pride and joy, collectively. Her pas- increase in toxic gases, such as meth- authored were published in a vol- sion for travel was kept alive through vacations with friends and family to ane, that have been released into the ume dedicated to “Reconstructing Italy, Oaxaca, and Hawaii, as well as throughout the Southwest. atmosphere as large quantities start- Human-Landscape Interactions” In 1992, Marci was diagnosed with Stage 3 breast cancer. Surgery, chemo- ing at the beginning of the Industrial from SpringerBriefs in Earth Systems therapy, and the support of family and friends helped her win the battle for Revolution, Watson said. Sciences. several years, but the recurrence of cancer forced her retirement in 2010. Marci By all appearances, the interac- The chapters describe how long- continued to stay as active as physically possible, and did so while maintain- tion between humans and the envi- term environmental trends encour- ing a remarkably positive attitude. After retirement, she volunteered many ronment is mainly unidirectional— age stable adaptations within local hours for Native Seeds/SEARCH in Tucson, and this is where donations in which the environment continues environments, but when climate should be sent in her honor: www.nativeseeds.org, or 520.622.0830. to deteriorate as global human popu- changes, it can be quick, and human lations swell. groups must adapt equally as But Mother Nature does have her quickly, resulting in confusing sig- ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS FOR GLYPHS: If you have research or a field say. Major natural disasters within natures in the archaeological record. project that would be interesting to Glyphs readers, please consider contrib- the past decade have resulted in sig- Watson’s recent research in north- uting an article. Requirements are a maximum of 1,000 words, or 750 words nificant losses of human life and ern Mexico describes how the earli- and one illustration, or 500 words and two illustrations. Please send elec- property and have directly affected est village settlements in the Sono- tronic submissions to [email protected], or by mail to Jenny Adams, Desert how humans adapt and continue to Archaeology, Inc., 3975 N. Tucson Blvd., Tucson, Arizona 85716. live in these areas. (continued on page 14) Page 14 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 15

(continued from page 13) nora, to create constant water flow AAHS MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION through an extensive irrigation net- ran Desert utilized the geomorpho- work, which contributed to much of Membership is open to anyone interested in the prehistory and history of Arizona and the Southwest and who support the aims of the Society. Membership runs for a full logical characteristics of local land- the soil deposition from 4,500 years year from the date of receipt, and covers all individuals living in the same household. scapes to facilitate a sophisticated ago to about 2,000 years ago. form of irrigation agriculture. These After that time, a major drying Monthly meetings are free and open to the public. Society field trips require membership. Members may purchase an annual JSTOR subscription to Kiva back issues for indigenous technological advances trend, and possibly drought condi- $20 through the AAHS website. date to nearly 3,000 years ago, and tions, contributed to major erosion represent some of the earliest canal events and caused the reconfigura- Membership Categories irrigation in North America. tion of settlements throughout the  $50 Kiva members receive four issues of the Society’s quarterly journal Kiva “The story is really about indig- region. and 12 issues of Glyphs  $40 Glyphs members receive Glyphs enous ingenuity and adaptation to This is identified at La Playa as a  $35 Student Kiva members receive both Kiva and Glyphs climate change,” Watson said. concentrated layer of artifacts in the  $75 Contributing members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits “When climate ameliorated at the stratigraphy of the site, just below the  $120 Supporting members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits beginning of the late Holocene and modern ground surface, where the  $300 Sponsoring members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits  $1,000 Lifetime members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits domesticated crops like maize were objects had eroded out of their origi- introduced, we see a unique response nal contexts and spread around the Note: For memberships outside the U.S., please add $20. AAHS does not release membership information to other organizations. among early village communities in site by natural processes, such as ero- the Sonoran Desert through the de- sion and water. Institutional Subscriptions velopment of irrigation systems.” “The site is currently undergoing For institutional subscriptions to Kiva, contact Left Coast Press, Inc., Watson’s research highlights the extensive erosion, the result of mod- www.leftcoastpress.com, or 925.935.3380. importance of understanding the role ern environmental conditions and For institutional subscriptions to Glyphs ($50), contact AAHS VP for Membership at of humans in constructing environ- recent historical processes,” Watson the address below. ments in the past and how environ- said. “Whether it’s burning grass- You can join online at www.az-arch-and-hist.org, or by mailing the form below to: mental change—both long term and lands to encourage certain plant spe- Michael Diehl, VP Membership small scale—causes human popula- cies to grow, or creating artificial en- Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society tions to react and alter their adaptive vironments by building large urban Arizona State Museum, The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721-0026 strategies. centers, these are attempts to control The results of the recently pub- the uncertainty inherent in living in Name: ______Phone :______lished studies indicate early farmers the natural world, and it backfires Address: ______in the Sonoran Desert successfully when fluctuations in climate cause City: ______State: ______Zip: ______adapted to both large and small en- environmental change.” E-mail: ______vironmental changes by employing “Yet humans continue to adapt different technological strategies. and consume natural resources Officers BOARD OF DIRECTORS “Humans have been modifying faster than they can be replenished.” President: Jesse Ballenger | [email protected] | 520.217.7083 Vice President for Activities: Katherine Cerino | [email protected] | 520.907.0884 2012-2013 their environment since time imme- Vice President for Membership: Michael Diehl | [email protected] | 520.881.2244 Recording Secretary: Donna Yoder | [email protected] morial . . . it is simply a question of Communications Officer: Jon Boyd | [email protected] The Cornerstone is presented by: Treasurer: George Harding | [email protected] scale,” Watson said. Darlene F. Lizarraga, Marketing Coordinator Directors Specific examples from the chap- Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona Michael Boley Suzanne Crawford Ken Fleshman Todd Pitezel Ben Curry (Student Rep) ters he co-authors describe how early P.O. Box 210026, Tucson, AZ 85721-0026 Chance Copperstone John Douglass Janine Hernbrode Mary Prasciunas Patrick Lyons (ASM Rep) Phone: 520.626.8381, FAX: 520.621.2976 farmers used the steep slope of the Editors of Society Publications www.statemuseum.arizona.edu Kiva: James Snead, Acquisitions Editor | [email protected] | 818.677.3322 La Playa site, located in northern So- [email protected] Glyphs: Emilee Mead | [email protected] | 520.881.2244 Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Arizona State Museum NONPROFIT University of Arizona ORGANIZATION Tucson, Arizona 85721-0026 U.S. Postage USA PAID

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The objectives of the Arizona Archaeo- logical and Historical Society are to encourage scholarly pursuits in areas of history and anthropology of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico; to encourage the preservation of archaeological and historical sites; to encourage the scientific and legal gathering of cultural information and materials; to publish the results of archaeological, historical, and ethnographic investigations; to aid in the functions and programs of the Arizona State Museum, Univer- sity of Arizona; and to provide edu- cational opportunities through lectures, field trips, and other activities. See inside back cover for information about the Society’s programs and membership and subscription requirements.