The National Catholic Weekly Oct. 4, 2010 $3.50 of Many Things

THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WEEKLY OCT. 4, 2010 $3.50 OF MANY THINGS

PUBLISHED BY JESUITS OF THE UNITED STATES

iving in a flood-prone suburban FEMA sent crews and industrial- EDITOR IN CHIEF area, I know firsthand the devas- strength equipment to help with the Drew Christiansen, S.J. tation and damage water is capa- cleanup afterward and the removal, over L EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT ble of causing. I grew up dealing with a period of days, of discarded items MANAGING EDITOR floods—of the sewer-water variety— from each house on the block. I lost Robert C. Collins, S.J. pitching in, when I was old enough, to thousands of dollars worth of belong- EDITORIAL DIRECTOR assist my parents and siblings in the ings in a heartbeat. I submitted a Karen Sue Smith massive clean-up. We used brooms, detailed list, with price estimates, to ONLINE EDITOR wet-dry vacs and shovels to move the FEMA—but, alas, after their two visits Maurice Timothy Reidy muck-filled water out the back door to my home and letter exchanges, my CULTURE EDITOR from our basement. own and my neighbors’ appeals were James Martin, S.J. On one occasion the water level was turned down. LITERARY EDITOR high enough to seep through an oven Among the many items on my list: a Patricia A. Kossmann door. (We had a kitchen area in the brand new high-rise, a recliner, a POETRY EDITOR basement in those days and ate most of stocked cedar chest (which actually James S. Torrens, S.J. our meals downstairs.) Out, of course, floated across the room), a computer went the oven along with the small station, expensive luggage, cabinetry ASSOCIATE EDITORS fridge and other items. Each flood over and an entire bathroom wall, which George M. Anderson, S.J. Kevin Clarke the years brought certain loss, so we nearly collapsed. Kerry Weber eventually had a barricade built But among the most saddening loss- Raymond Schroth, S.J. between the outer and inner doors hopes were a large box containing dozens ART DIRECTOR ing it would hold off rising sewer water and dozens of hand-made (by my aunt) Stephanie Ratcliffe headed to our basement door. Christmas tree ornaments and a carton ASSISTANT EDITOR Nowadays, still here in my original of photos and family memorabilia. Francis W. Turnbull, S.J. home (which has been continually ren- These were priceless and irreplaceable. I ASSISTANT LITERARY EDITOR ovated and redecorated), I find myself felt violated. Of course, as I contem- Regina Nigro listening closely—and with trepidation, plate the destruction and displacement to be honest—when weather forecasts endured by millions of families not only BUSINESS DEPARTMENT call for heavy wind-driven rains. It is in the United States but across the PUBLISHER then, for “protection,” that I light and world, I know my situation is far from Jan Attridge burn pieces of palm (reserved from dire. I keep that in mind whenever a CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Palm Sunday) in a small container. ‘Tis flood threatens my little world. Lisa Pope an old Irish superstition, methinks— I learned a lesson on that August ADVERTISING but I’ll try anything to escape Mother day. The flood, in a way, forced me not Julia Sosa Nature’s fury. only to clean up but to prioritize items Unfortunately, nothing could have according to need and importance so I 106 West 56th Street helped on the morning of Aug. 8, 2007. could place them safely. It also taught New York, NY 10019-3803 When the rains came, I watched from me to treasure the valuables I still have Ph: 212-581-4640; Fax: 212-399-3596 an upstairs window and within a matter (some photo albums in the garage, for E-mail: [email protected]; of minutes lost sight of the top grate of example) and be grateful to the Lord [email protected] the nearby sewer plate. It was beneath for my personal safety, the sturdy roof Web site: www.americamagazine.org. the rising waters. Again helplessness, over my head and, equally important, Customer Service: 1-800-627-9533 despite my having fortified the back the solidarity we neighbors experienced © 2010 America Press, Inc. door. In no time, neither the barricade among ourselves. Everyone reached out nor tons of towels (and prayerful, tear- to assist others, especially single home- ful pleas to God) were of any use. Over owners like myself, even as they battled Cover: Chuck Nelson, 57, a retired three feet of muck and water inundated their own messes. There are no barri- miner, surveys a mountaintop my lovely finished basement. Outdoors cades between us. And that, in my removal coal mine on Kayford Mountain, W.Va., in September automobiles were floating all over the book, is a real treasure indeed. 2007. Photo: Reuters/Andrea place. PATRICIA A. KOSSMANN Hopkins/Files CONTENTS www.americamagazine.org VOL. 203 NO. 8, WHOLE NO. 4906 OCTOBER 4, 2010

ARTICLES 11 APPALACHIA’S WOUNDS The injustice of mountaintop removal Kyle T. Kramer

COLUMNS & DEPARTMENTS 4 Current Comment

5 Editorial Truly Catholic

6 Signs of the Times 11 9 Column Urban Renewal Thomas Massaro

22 Poem The Windows Leonard Cirino

41 Letters

46 The Word Saving Gratitude Barbara E. Reid

18 BOOKS & CULTURE 18 FALL BOOKS Sarah; Creation Untamed; City of Tranquil Light; The Man Who Never Returned; Travels in Siberia; The Virgin of Chartres

ON THE WEB ON THE WEB Kyle T. Kramer, right, reports on coal mining in Appalachia on our podcast, and Austen Ivereigh evaluates the papal visit to Britain. Plus, David van Biema on how Unicef discov- ered Mother Teresa. All at americamagazine.org. 4635 CURRENT COMMENT

Who are no longer coming? Mostly they are unauthorized The New Mass immigrants from Latin America (the Caribbean, Central In Advent 2011, there may be plenty of surprised America and South America), but excluding Mexico. The Catholics in your parish. The Vatican recently approved number from Latin America declined by 22 percent between the final version of the new English-language translation of 2007 and 2009, while the number from Mexico peaked at the Mass texts after a decades-long, byzantine process. around 7 million in 2007 and has leveled off. America readers will be familiar with the controversy sur- This report tracks a notable trend reversal but offers no rounding the approval (as well as the “What if We Just explanation for it. It does not show that increased border Said, ‘Wait’?” movement). Overall, the new translation is a security or stronger anti-immigrant laws or fewer job word-for-word replication of the approved Latin text opportunities are responsible. Nor does it suggest why the rather than one aimed at conveying a more general “sense” number of Latin American immigrants, in particular, is of the Latin. A few Catholics will be delighted by the more declining. Some will find the drop itself a positive develop- high-toned language; some will be dismayed at overly fussy ment, a big problem shrinking, whatever the reason. Yet words; most will probably miss the “old” Mass (a k a the few big problems solve themselves. In this case the need for Novus Ordo), which did not seem to need much tinkering. immigration reform at the federal level remains as long as There are some striking changes. Christ now died not “for there are millions of unauthorized immigrants among us. all,” but “for many” (the original Latin is pro multis). For a time, then, both priests and the faithful will have their eyes Developing Obesity glued on their sacramentaries and missalettes. Hunger and starvation continue to afflict the world’s poor- In preparation for the introduction of the new texts, the est countries, but in some poor nations obesity has also U.S. bishops have announced an ambitious catechetical emerged as a growing problem. In the past two decades, program. But is this a case of closing the church doors rates of obesity have tripled in developing countries that after the liturgical horses have fled? It is unlikely that any have been adopting a more Western lifestyle in terms of catechesis will convince Catholics who think otherwise food consumption, according to The New England Journal that the new translations are an improvement over the old. of Medicine. A study by the United Nations in 1999 Perhaps the best that the bishops’ program can do is found obesity in all developing parts of the world, and it remind Catholics of the centrality of the Eucharist, the tends to grow as income increases. Even in sub-Saharan “source and summit of the Christian life,” as the Second Africa, where most of the world’s hungriest people live, an Vatican Council taught. The Mass is still the place where increase in obesity is taking place, especially among urban Catholics meet God in the most profound way. And that is women. The World Health Organization has pointed out the invitation for all, not just many. that this pandemic originated in the United States, crossed to Europe and the world’s other rich nations, and then Who Is Not Coming? appeared in even the world’s poorest countries, especially A report issued in September by the Pew Hispanic Center, in their urban areas. based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau, shows that Dr. Barbara Burlingame, a nutrition officer at the U.N. the size of the unauthorized immigrant population has Food and Agriculture Organization, has noted that obesity been shrinking since mid-decade and continues to often leads to micronutrient deficiency, which can lead in shrink—a marked reversal. The inflow of unauthorized turn to such health threats as anemia, diabetes and cardio- immigrants was nearly two-thirds smaller between March vascular disease. While starvation-level hunger remains 2007 and March 2009 than it was from 2000 to 2005. As one of the world’s most serious food problems, the growing a result experts have lowered their estimate of the total level of obesity in developing nations has created a new number of unauthorized immigrants living in the country: challenge that calls for more attention to the quality as well from 12 million in 2007 to 11.1 million in 2009. The as the quantity of food. Much of the blame can be placed decrease means nearly a million fewer people are living on multinational companies that market cheap, highly (not to mention working and paying taxes) in the United refined fats, oils and carbohydrates. The influence of the States. The drop has been most notable in U.S. states West, with its penchant for high-calorie and sugary fast along the southeast coast and in the mountain west, espe- foods, is a growing culprit that must be dealt with, along cially Arizona, Colorado and Utah. with profit-driven multinational companies.

4 America October 4, 2010 EDITORIAL Truly Catholic hen they hear the words Catholic Church, most Philippines and South Asia. But most people, Catholics included, think immediately of the Latin Catholics, nearly two mil- Wof the Roman Catholic Church. But in fact the lion, reside in Saudi Arabia where pub- Catholic Church is a communion of many particular lic observance of Christianity is pro- churches, of which the Western or Latin church, though the hibited. largest, is only one. The Annuario Pontificio, the church’s Emigration is a longstanding global almanac, lists 22 Eastern churches in communion problem. Christians have been emigrating to Latin with Rome. They were once called rites, a term that distin- America, the United States, Canada, South Africa and guished them by language, liturgical tradition and theologi- Australia since the late 19th century. Today, however, emi- cal patrimony. Since the Second Vatican Council, however, gration threatens the future of the churches of the Middle they have been recognized as churches sui iuris (“with their East, especially the Chaldeans, who have fled their native own law”) that are “of equal dignity” with the Latin church. Iraq because of the religious persecution that followed the Among the oldest are the six historic Catholic churches of disorder created by the U.S. invasion in 2003. Across the the Middle East: the Armenian, Chaldean, Coptic, region unresolved political and religious tensions continue Maronite, Melkite and Syrian Catholic churches. With to drive Middle Eastern Christians abroad, putting their them today are joined the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem historic communities in jeopardy. When they assimilate in and a Latin vicariate in the Arabian peninsula. Pope their new countries, they are likely to lose their distinctive Benedict XVI has called representatives of these churches historic identities. Even when they remain Catholics, they to meet from Oct. 10 to 24 in a special assembly of the are likely to join Roman Catholic congregations. In Synod of Bishops with representative bishops from the Argentina there are 300,000 Melkites but only three wider church to address the critical circumstances con- Melkite parishes. Preserving the rich patrimony of the fronting the whole church in the region. Eastern churches is a challenge to the Roman Catholic The last two decades have been inhospitable to Church, therefore, as well as to the Eastern churches. Christians in the Middle East. Wars and economic sanc- These Middle Eastern churches are headed by their tions have led to the forced displacement of hundreds of own patriarchs, but the patriarchs exercise full authority, thousands of Christians, especially from Iraq. Armed con- “universal jurisdiction,” only in the Middle East. In the flict and political tensions have resulted in steady emigra- diaspora, their authority is limited to matters of liturgy. tion of both Palestinians and Lebanese from their home- One way to counter the effects of emigration would be to lands. The rise of Islamic extremism and of Jewish radical- extend the range of their pastoral care and authority over ism has placed in doubt the possibility of continued co-exis- these congregations. This is a proposal made in 1999 by the tence among the three Abrahamic faiths. In addition, the Eastern patriarchs and bishops themselves. Expanded pas- refusal of the State of Israel to bring into effect the 1993 toral authority could be coordinated with national hierar- Fundamental Agreement with the Holy See and the inabil- chies in arrangements similar to the military ordinariate or ity of the two parties over a decade to conclude other nego- the new Anglican rite churches. tiations have placed holy sites, church institutions, clergy To begin with, expanded patriarchal authority would and religious workers, and the faithful in a defensive pos- strengthen the ties of these diaspora Catholics to their ture. They find themselves constantly fending off new home churches, creating a more direct relationship. It impositions and restrictions that impede a normal life for would also stem assimilation where it begins, with forced them in the Holy Land. acculturation to the customs of the Western church, such Two of the issues under consideration by the synod as the requirement of a celibate clergy. Rome’s primacy will be immigration and emigration. Immigration is a rela- would not be challenged, but the catholicity of the church tively recent but massive reality. The Latin Catholic popula- as a communion of churches and traditions would be tion in Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf states is now enhanced. Ecumenically, Orthodox and other sister almost as large as the combined population of the six other churches would see in a new form of governance ecclesial churches. It is made up largely of guest workers from the communion realized without Western dominance.

October 4, 2010 America 5 SIGNS OF THE TIMES

UNITED KINGDOM Rowan Williams and Benedict XVI at Pope on Faith in Public Life Westminster Abbey

ope Benedict XVI’s four-day state visit to the United Kingdom, the first ever by a pope, quickly overturned negative Pexpectations of apathy and hostility. Bidding him farewell at Birmingham’s airport, Prime Minister David Cameron told the pope he had made the nation “sit up and think” and seemed to suggest that secularism had not, after all, gained the upper hand. Faith, Mr. Cameron said, was “part of the fabric of our country...a vital part of our national conversation.” The prime minister’s remarks suggested that the pope, who sought to deliver a sustained if gently reasoned salvo against what he called “aggressive secularism” and to mount a passionate case for the inclusion of faith in public life, was pushing at an open door. The invitation to Pope Benedict by Queen Elizabeth II to visit the kingdom was made under the previous Labour government, which had shown itself increasingly unwilling to recognize the Catholic Church’s freedoms. In 2007 the government passed antidiscrimination legislation and notoriously refused an exemption to Catholic adoption agencies that would have allowed them to reject adoption applications from same- sex couples. The closure of those agencies was a wake-up call to the bishops, who realized that they could no longer rely on the state to treat from public life. While this deft politi- ment, including a row of former prime faith-based organizations equally in cal maneuver helped to position the ministers, waiting patiently for the the allocation of resources, and point- government as the beneficiary of a suc- successor of St. Peter to address them ed to a new “deafness” to the needs and cessful visit, it could have turned sour from a gilded chair, then clapping freedoms of religion. The agenda of if the trip had gone poorly. As it hap- enthusiastically as he entered to a fan- the papal visit—to open those ears pened, the visit has helped to consoli- fare of trumpets, will remain the icon again—was cast last year. date the government’s new faith- of the visit. The fact of it happening at But in May this year a new govern- friendly stance. all, as the pope himself acknowledged, ment formed, speaking a new lan- The pope’s call to recognize the nec- demonstrated that faith and public life guage, releasing the values and ener- essary interconnectedness of faith and were, after all, interlinked. gies of faith organizations, among oth- reason, religion and politics, belief and Westminster Hall left some won- ers, to build what it is calling the Big society was made in arguments that dering whether this was the end of the Society. The prime minister drew his were as persuasive as they were reason- myth of Britain as a Protestant nation- ideas from Philip Blond, a philosopher able. Although he returned constantly state. “What was once considered whose thinking was formed by the to this theme in homilies and speeches inconceivable now seems entirely natu- Anglo-Catholic theologian John throughout his visit, the message was ral,” said the Speaker of the House of Milbank and Catholic social teaching delivered most categorically in an Commons, John Bercow, in his speech on civil society. address to political and civil leaders in of welcome; history was indeed being On the eve of Pope Benedict’s Westminster Hall, the millennium- made. The pope praised the toleration, arrival, the Conservative Party chair- old Parliament chamber where fair-mindedness and pluralism of man told Anglican bishops that the Edmund Campion and Thomas More British democracy, and its many free- government would “restore faith to the were sentenced to death for putting doms, but warned that if the moral heart of Britain,” promising an end to their conscience before the king. The principles underlying the ethical dis- the exclusion of the religious voice sight of the British political establish- course of politics are “nothing more

6 America October 4, 2010 gious bodies “to be free to act in accor- “deep sorrow” at these “unspeakable dance with their own principles and crimes” and “the shame and the humil- specific convictions.” This, he said, was iation which all of us have suffered” in the best guarantor of the freedoms consequence. that made Britain great. As the anti-pope protesters were Before and after Westminster Hall gathering later that day, accusing him came two other papal firsts: a visit to of coverup, news came that he had met Lambeth Palace, seat of the both with abuse victims and, for the Archbishop of Canterbury, and an first time, with church officials respon- ecumenical service at Westminster sible for the safeguarding of young Abbey, where the leaders of the people. He congratulated them and world’s Catholics and Anglicans the church for always reporting allega- prayed for church unity before the tions to statutory authorities and tomb of the pious 11th-century king, praised the independent oversight Edward the Confessor. “What we built into the procedures and policies. share, in Christ, is greater than what The following day, after beatifying divides us,” the pope told Archbishop Cardinal Newman, he asked the bish- Rowan Williams. Earlier, at Lambeth, ops to make reparation for the church’s the pope reframed the path to ecclesial sins by helping society tackle abuse. unity as no longer about theo- The Mass for the beatification of logical dialogue but about collaborat- Cardinal Newman, in front of a ing in witness to crowd of 70,000, “the transcendent The pope with David Cameron at was the pope’s final dimension of the Birmingham’s airport public act during solid than social consensus” then free- human person and the visit. Having dom and democracy rested on fragile the universal call to cleared a space in foundations. holiness.” He cited the public square The pope referred to the economic Cardinal John Hen- for Catholics, Pope collapse of September 2008 as an ry Newman as Benedict’s final day example of the consequences of “the exemplifying the was spent equip- lack of a solid ethical foundation for “virtues that ecu- ping the church to economic activity” in contrast to the menism demands.” occupy it. He re- abolition of the slave trade—one of Pope Benedict’s peated Newman’s Parliament’s most famous achieve- other triumph was call for “men who ments—as an example of “firm ethical his direct response know their religion, principles, rooted in the natural law.” to the chorus who enter into it, The role of religion in political debate, of searing criticisms who know just he said, was “to purify and shed light of the church’s where they stand”; on” reason, pointing it to objective (mis)handling of he told the bishops moral principles, just as the role of rea- clerical sex abuse. to welcome the new son was to prevent religion from falling On the flight to Edinburgh, he liturgical translation and its opportuni- into sectarianism and fundamentalism. expressed his shock, sadness and ties for catechesis; to raise their voice in The pope went on to warn against a shame at both the abuse and the defense of the disadvantaged; and to “failure to appreciate not only the church’s failure to deal with it. At “encourage people to aspire to higher rights of believers to freedom of con- Westminster Cathedral he spoke of moral values in every area of their lives.” science and freedom of religion, but the “immense suffering caused by the also the legitimate role of religion in abuse of children, especially within the AUSTEN IVEREIGH is the European corre- the public square” and called for reli- church and by her ministers,” and his spondent for America.

October 4, 2010 America 7 SIGNS OF THE TIMES

Large Turnout for First Meeting of Irish Priests NEWS BRIEFS More than 300 priests—six times the expected number—attended the first More than 700 members and friends of the National meeting of the Association of Catholic Council of Catholic Women are expected to gather Priests in Port Laoise, Ireland, on Sept. in Washington, D.C., on Nov. 10-13 to mark the 15. The Rev. Brendan Hoban, an associ- 90th anniversary of the organization. • A new public ation founder, said the group does not opinion poll, commissioned by the U.S. bishops’ Pro- claim to represent all Irish priests. “The Life Secretariat and released Sept. 16, shows that 47 association hopes to speak to the mem- percent of Americans oppose federal funding of bers of the Vatican’s apostolic visitation embryonic stem cell research, while 38 percent support it. • Kathleen Lunsmann, a member of the to Ireland to voice our opposition to the Robert Barron new English-language translation of the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Mass,” Father Hoban said. “We believe was appointed president of Support Our Aging Religious. • The the new translation...is over-complicat- Rev. Robert Barron, of the Archdiocese of Chicago, a priest, teach- ed and over-Latinized.... It’s another er and evangelist, is launching “Word on Fire With Father Barron,” a example of the church trying to fix weekly national program on WGN America beginning Oct. 3. things that don’t need to be fixed and • Americans for Peace Now has developed a new Web site and not fixing the things that need fixing.” smartphone application that uses data collected by Israel’s Peace The group’s goal is to work for “full Now to provide a real-time, birds-eye view of the settlements in the implementation of the vision and teach- West Bank. • The Israeli military prosecution demanded that ing of the Second Vatican Council.” Abdallah Abu Rahmah, the coordinator of the Bil’in Popular Committee Against the Wall and Settlements, be sentenced to at least a two-year prison term after being convicted of organizing ille- Moderate Jordan Offers gal marches and of incitement this past August. Oasis for Christians As conditions for Chaldean Catholics in Iraq deteriorate and political unrest threatens Christians in Lebanon, the Muslims in Jordan practice the “dia- Uganda since 1999 and during that Kingdom of Jordan remains a small logue of daily life” lived together. time has worked to end hostilities oasis of relative calm for the Middle between the Ugandan military and the East’s Christian minority. Bishop Selim African Bishops Ask rebel Lord’ s Resistance Army, which is Sayegh, the Latin patriarchal vicar for known for its brutality. The L.R.A., Jordan, told America that Christians in For Regional Dialogue once based in northern Uganda, has Jordan remain confident of their accep- Two Ugandan bishops, one Catholic expanded its operations. Archbishop tance by the larger Muslim society as and one Anglican, traveled to Odama traveled to Washington with King Abdullah II remains a guarantor Washington, D.C., to tell State Anglican Bishop MacLeord Baker of their security. The Christian com- Department officials that regional dia- Ochola II, retired bishop of Kitgum. munity is a disproportionate force in logue with the Lord’s Resistance Army Both men told Catholic News Service Jordan’s parliament, and the Hashemite would work better than a military in mid-September that they do not kingdom continues to draw both option against it. The officials have until oppose the Lord’s Resistance Army Christian and Muslim refugees from November to develop a strategy for dis- Disarmament and Northern Uganda Iraq. The bishop said the encounter arming the L.R.A. “The issue is no Recovery Act, which President Barack with Islam is completely different in longer the L.R.A. and Uganda,” said Obama signed into law in May, but Jordan from what many Americans Archbishop John Baptist Odama of were urging U.S. officials to end the use might expect. “The government is Gulu. “The issue now is regional.” of force in dealing with the L.R.A. moderate and trying always to give a Archbishop Odama has headed the good balance,” he said. Christians and Archdiocese of Gulu in northern From CNS and other sources.

8 America October 4, 2010 THOMAS MASSARO

Urban Renewal he book did not translate very myopia regarding the common good is ties to live in homogeneous cocoons. successfully onto the silver a slow process that requires a long arc Naysayers will surely remind me of T screen, but Tom Wolfe’s novel of change, if such expectations ever the perennial danger of becoming self- Bonfire of the Vanities certainly had its come to pass at all. righteous about such private matters, redeeming qualities. Even sub-par per- But human attitudes are not the as one person is rarely in any position formances by Tom Hanks and only factors that contribute to distress- to pass judgment upon others’ choices. Melanie Griffith in the film version ing practices of segregation. Like all And it may indeed be unfair to express could not mar the trenchant social social institutions, cities feature struc- summary disapproval of courses of commentary of this 1987 bestseller. tures—systemic patterns for organiz- action that simply do not fit one’s pref- My favorite snippet was a piece of ing human activities. Any structure erences for the proper level of social advice offered to the main character, created by humans can be changed by mixing. Maybe a desire for personal Sherman McCoy, by another “master humans. The history of security or a predilec- of the universe” (the novel’s shorthand social reform is simply the Cities place tion for the familiar can for wizards of Wall Street): “If you march of ordinary people justify a preference for want to live in New York, you’ve got to advocating changes to us in social or geographical insulate, insulate, insulate...yourself improve the lives of all, segregation. Perhaps a from those people.” especially of the excluded situations strictly secular world- Given the context, it is not hard to and downtrodden. where many view is capable of decipher the code language employed Can urban planners defending such a posi- by this super-wealthy character. tweak the physical infras- things are tion. “Those people” probably included tructure of our cities so that beyond our But I do not think low-income residents of the city, mem- people of diverse back- that a sincere Christian bers of suspect ethnic groups and grounds more easily mix on control. can in good conscience social classes whose mere physical our sidewalks and parks? Is allow patterns of segre- presence on subways and sidewalks it possible for city designers and public gation to go unchallenged. The core constituted an affront to the limo- works officials to create spaces more social commitments of our religion to driven, doorman-shielded elites. likely to be shared by members of universal concern and solidarity impel Anyone who has lived in a large, diverse groups? us to embrace all people, no matter urban area recognizes the age-old Recent travels, extended stays in how different they seem to be, in a dynamic. Distinct socioeconomic unfamiliar cities and even a relocation stance of trust, refusing to dismiss the groups, though sharing a city or even a to a new neighborhood in the same other as a threat. At the risk of simpli- single zip code, can live in entirely sep- metropolitan area have me thinking fication: Whom would Jesus avoid? arate worlds. Many of the characters in lately about the shape of our cities and What I have always loved about Wolfe’s novel unabashedly aspired to the daily flow of the lives of their cities is that they place us in situations keep it that way. They would do their inhabitants. New sights, like gated where many things are beyond our best never to mingle with the common communities and elevated skywalks control. Unlike a suburbanite, the city rabble on subways or sidewalks. among downtown office buildings, dweller depends in innumerable ways Vain would be any hopes for an jogged my memory of the Bonfire char- upon the cooperation of many others overnight conversion of attitudes, acters who struggled so mightily to to get through the day. At its best, an among elites or any other groups. “insulate.” Even without any formal urban routine is a dance with many Overcoming petty prejudice and training in urban planning, I find it partners, interesting folk whose easy to conclude that urban living pat- diverse qualities can delight and enter- terns in the United States are failing us tain. Anything that prevents mixing THOMAS MASSARO, S.J., teaches social ethics at the Boston College School of Theology on many counts. Public policies are on the everyday streetscape stops the and Ministry, Chestnut Hill, Mass. often complicit in allowing willing par- music and brings the dance to a halt.

October 4, 2010 America 9 Kayford Mountian in Eskdale, W.Va. PHOTO: BRETT MARSHALL/KERTIS CREATIVE

10 America October 4, 2010 THE BIBLICAL INJUSTICE OF MOUNTAINTOP REMOVAL Appalachia’s Wounds

BY KYLE T. KRAMER

o see creation at its finest, visit the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia and eastern Kentucky. A region of rugged beauty, the southern Appalachians are the Toldest mountain range in North America and one of the most ancient on earth. They teem with more than 10,000 known species of flora and fauna, the richest biological diversity in the temperate world. Lovely beyond words, these green hills echo Eden. To see what hell on earth looks like, visit the Appalachian Mountains—specifically, an active mountaintop removal mining site. Mountaintop removal mining is the epitome of environmental destruction. With violence comparable to the detonation of a nuclear weapon, ground-shaking explosives and massive earthmoving equipment blow and bulldoze away a mountain’s topsoil and hundreds of feet of rock to get at the coal seams below. Mining operations find it economical to shove the leftover rubble into nearby valleys. The result, even after so- called reclamation, is an ugly stump of a mountain—denuded of precious topsoil and timber and replaced by a thin-soiled plateau on which plant- ed grass or trees struggle, and frequently fail, to survive. Recently I visited this region with a group of filmmakers, writers, publishers, priests, ministers, teachers, entrepreneurs and activists. Our group came to witness the destruction firsthand, to hear from those whom it affects and to dream together of what a better Appalachian future might look like. In the failing light of evening, we struggled through briars and thorns along an anemic stream tinged with orange, a sign of excess iron content. The stream’s source was a stagnant retention pond at the foot of a “valley

KYLE T. KRAMER is director of lay degree programs at Saint Meinrad School of Theology in Saint Meinrad, Ind., and an organic farmer. His book, A Time to Plant: Life Lessons in Work, Prayer, and Dirt, is forthcoming from Ave Maria Press.

October 4, 2010 America 11 fill,” the unholy burial ground of a neighboring peak that seemed—and still seems—the only fitting description of had been mined into oblivion. There, and in later gather- mountaintop removal mining. Evil is at work in the actions ings, we heard story after heartbreaking story from local res- of individuals and corporations and in the structural failures idents for whom mountaintop removal mining is a source of of economics, politics and governmental oversight. abuse and misery. They told us of the disappearance of their I resist pointing fingers too zealously, however, because I ancestral lands, of their homes choked with dust and debris realize that everyone whose electricity comes from burning from nearby mining operations and of house foundations coal has a hand in this destruction. Rick Handshoe, an cracking from the constant explosions. We heard about activist for Kentuckians for the Commonwealth and a local streams contaminated with chemicals or buried completely resident whose family roots in this area go back centuries, and of once-gentle streams that now flood destructively. We reminded our group: Whenever you turn on your light learned about wells dried up or made undrinkable because switch and write a check for your electric bill, “you’uns pay of heavy metals that have leached into the groundwater. In for this.” And as the author Wendell Berry, a Kentuckian, one case, well water contained so much methane that the has written, whenever a bulldozer tears into a mountain- homeowners had to keep side, it does so by proxy windows open while for all of us. We showering or doing dish- This story is about corporate greed Americans enjoy the es to avoid an explosion. benefits of abundant, Residents also told of and the culture’s willingness to sacri- cheap and reliable elec- mining companies using tricity. Cheap electricity physical threats and fice both natural and human capital powers my neighbor’s intimidation, economic for the convenience of cheap energy. dialysis machine, thank boycotts of local busi- God, but is also wasted nesses and leverage by inefficiency, always- against local politicians to prevent public objection to their on computers and television sets, and superfluous, power- practices. They said that some miners, eager to keep the few hungry gadgets and luxuries. Coal companies do not ravage jobs highly mechanized mining provides, become foot sol- mountains for fun; they are driven by desire for profit. diers in a neighbor-versus-neighbor campaign. (To find out whether your electricity comes from moun- Despite the challenge of living amid soul-grinding pover- taintop-mined coal, plug in your zip code to the database at ty, some area residents—many of them nuns and priests— www.ilovemountains.org.) have risked their persons and property to Evil works perniciously when cloaked face off with Goliath; their slingshot peb- in abstraction; it is far easier to destroy ON THE WEB bles include community organizing, testi- A conversation a place one does not know well and does fying at public hearings (which often with Kyle T. Kramer. not care for deeply. Ignorance helps, too. requires police protection) and docu- americamagazine.org/podcast Since mining sites are not tourist menting mining abuses. Others, beaten hotspots, few people will ever witness down and hopeless, pleaded, “Tell our firsthand the effects of the dirty work in stories!” Appalachia that keeps the nation’s lights on. Many coal What could possibly justify mountaintop removal? In industry executives live and work far from the mines they this region of Bible-believing Christians, some mining com- own and control. At a meeting of my local electric co-op, pany representatives quote Scripture in their own defense: a co-op employee (a longtime salaried professional who “Every valley shall be filled in, every mountain and hill shall has made a living touting the virtues of coal) admitted in be made low; the rugged land shall be made a plain, the conversation that he has never seen a mountaintop rough country, a broad valley” (Is 40:4). Such outrageous removal site. proof-texting belies the real narrative, far from sacred, being written on the Appalachian landscape itself. This story is A New Appalachian Story about corporate greed and the culture’s willingness to sacri- What can people of faith say and do in response? First, they fice both natural and human capital for the short-term con- must comprehend the staggering scope of destruction venience of cheap energy. caused by mountaintop removal mining, then name it, lament it and acknowledge complicity. Second, in faith and Evil at Work hope they must imagine a new Appalachian story of rever- In the rage I felt after seeing the destroyed mountains and ence and justice. hearing of the resulting human misery, the word evil No Christian could deny that this region reflects the

12 America October 4, 2010 glory of the Creator. But unlike evil, reverence does not more electricity should come from coal mined in a more thrive on abstraction. Almost by definition, revering cre- environmentally responsible manner (though no form of ation requires experiencing it firsthand, yet many of us will coal mining is without adverse environmental effects). In never visit Appalachia. the long term, however, low-carbon and renewable sources If Appalachia can be destroyed from a distance by under- must be developed, including storage capacity to even out writing energy companies, per- the intermittency of wind and haps it can be revered from afar COAL FACTS solar power. Electricity will cost through an encounter with the more. Subsidies to help those Every two seconds 100 tons of coal are extracted in tapestry of human life—the sto- Kentucky, West Virginia, Wyoming, Pennsylvania and with low incomes pay for elec- ries, poetry, music, art and pho- about 15 other states. tricity must be expanded, as tos—woven into these moun- well as programs to help all tains. Perhaps we can begin to Between 1979 and 2006 in West Virginia and consumers use power sparingly see that this place, like any place, Kentucky, employment in mining dropped 60 percent, and efficiently. has its own God-given dignity mainly because of an increase in less labor-intensive The second form of justice surface mining. In West Virginia a total of 62,500 and integrity, which can stoke workers declined to 22,000; in Kentucky the number of would require reparations for the contemporary religious workers declined from 47,000 to 18,000. damage done in Appalachia. imagination in the same way Mined-away mountains are that Mount Horeb, the Temple More than 500 mountains and 1.2 million acres of hard- destroyed forever, but the land Mount and Mount Tabor did wood forests (about the size of Delaware) have been itself can be reclaimed more for biblical writers. destroyed in the United States by mountaintop removal. effectively than is now the case. One cannot revere a place Communities can be compen- Only 35 percent of reclaimed mine land can support and its people without desiring fish and wildlife. sated for property damage and that both be treated with fair- county water lines can be run in ness and respect, for justice is Wind-industry jobs jumped 70 percent in 2008 in the areas where groundwater has reverence with legs. In This United States. The total number of wind-industry jobs become undrinkable. Costly, Land Is Home to Me (1975) and nationwide now surpasses the number of coal miners. yes, for both the mining compa- At Home in the Web of Life nies and the government (tax- For each $1 million spent retrofitting buildings for (1995), the Catholic bishops of energy efficiency, 19 jobs are created. Spending on coal, payers), but when damage is Appalachia celebrate the land by contrast, creates 9 jobs; developing oil reserves cre- this egregious, justice is not and people of this region and ates 6 jobs. cheap. Just ask BP. call vigorously for justice. These Third, justice would mean pastoral letters rehearse the con- Fine-particle pollution from coal-fired power plants that Appalachia would become cerns of Catholic social teach- causes more than 20,000 premature deaths a year in the economically and socially sus- ing: the dignity of the human United States. tainable, as the Catholic bish- person, the common good More than 60,000 babies in the country are overex- ops of Appalachia call for in At (across generations), solidarity, posed to mercury in utero from coal-fired plants; such Home in the Web of Life. subsidiarity and care for cre- mercury overexposure has been linked to poor aca- Decades of exploitation have ation, among others. demic performance later in life. left the local people in crushing What would justice look like poverty, with the accompanying in relation to mountaintop In 2006 the United States produced 1.16 billion tons social woes like drug and alco- removal mining in Appalachia? of coal, 70 percent of which came from surface mining. hol abuse, crime, domestic vio- As I see it, justice in Appalachia Statistics gathered by the Catholic Committee of Appala- lence, poor education, welfare would take three forms. chia (www.ccappal.org) dependence and hopeless resig- First, consumers of electricity nation. For the region to thrive, and other citizens (including the extractive economy must be energy company shareholders) must demand immediately replaced with a regenerative one, based on sustainable forest that energy companies stop using coal from mountaintop products and agriculture, local business, tourism and appro- removal mining and that the federal government stop issu- priate technologies, including renewable energy. But these ing permits that allow such mining. But since coal-fired require a strong social fabric. The biggest challenge for power plants provide almost half the electric power used in Appalachians is to educate themselves, become healthier the United States, they cannot be shuttered readily or con- and to dream new dreams, freeing their energies to create a verted quickly to run on alternate fuels. In the short term, new, sustainable future where they live.

October 4, 2010 America 13 How? Although government must play a role, A 30 DAY Appalachia’s own residents must finally say no to an industry that has taken so much from them and given them back RETREAT a dwindling number of jobs and a wrecked physical and A Personal Guide social landscape. Local Protestant and Catholic churches to Spiritual and church-sponsored organizations could stop ignoring or Renewal legitimizing the status quo; they could inspire and organize WILLIAM C. MILLS the community, support efforts of resistance and positive “This book is a marvelous invitation into the change and provide encouragement and pastoral care during riches of both Scripture any long, uphill fight. and prayer, and offers No one who has witnessed Appalachia’s wounds can pre- everyday believers easy, tend such reversals would be simple or quick. Out of the accessible, and enjoyable deep soil of grief and lament, however, the stubborn, disci- ways of encountering God. William C. Mills plined hope Appalachia needs can grow. I have seen such helps us to see that hope in some residents, like Rick Handshoe. Not optimism, entering prayerfully into it is rather a patient insistence that this place and people so the Gospel stories and crucified can, through God’s grace and human effort, be res- meditating on the letters of St. Paul is something for all of us, not urrected. Then the story of these mountains will be one of just for the saints, not just for the professionally religious, and resplendent natural beauty, and God’s image will be reflect- not just for those who can take time out for a private retreat. Here is food for thought that can nourish you wherever you are.” ed in a flourishing human community that has learned to —REV. JAMES MARTIN, SJ live peaceably in its place. 978-0-8091-4642-0 176 pages $16.95 Paperback Author’s note: The mountaintop removal witness tour was PAULIST PRESS Available at bookstores or from organized by the Center for Interfaith Relations, which ORDERS: 1-800-218-1903 • FAX 1-800-836-3161 www.paulistpress.com sponsors the annual Festival of Faiths in Louisville, Ky. (see www.interfaithrelations.org). A

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terious, driven nature of the woman as well as the artist. A veteran editor at Knopf, Atlantic Monthly and The New Yorker, Gottlieb has dealt with driven genius before, most notably in his Balanchine: The Ballet Maker. Contributing the first in a projected 50-volume series entitled “Jewish Lives,” a collaborative venture of Yale University Press and the Leon D. Black Foundation, Gottlieb traces much of Bernhardt’s creative energy to her heritage. Born to an unmarried Jewish mother and an unidentified father in 1844, she received the name Bernhardt from her maternal grandfa- ther, Maurice Bernard, an oculist from Amsterdam. Rejected and unloved by FALL BOOKS I | RICHARD A. BLAKE her mother, Sarah was placed in a con- vent school near Versailles, where she SHE CAST A SPELL stayed for six years. At the age of 12, she was baptized, at the insistence of a SARAH est actor of her generation through- stepfather. Neither Jewish identity nor The Life of Sarah Bernhardt out a career that lasted over half a Catholic faith did much to tame her By Robert Gottlieb century. appetite for life. Yale Univ. Press. 256p $25 But all this early history is very con- fused, as Gottlieb points out through a reat actors disappear into series of wry asides that warn the read- their roles. Sarah Bernhardt er not to believe all the events he G seemed to reverse the pro- recounts. Bernhardt was generous cess, at least according to George with biographers, but unfortunately, Bernard Shaw, who judged her acting the unembellished truth bored her. “childishly egotistical.” In his opinion, Fantasies of the imagined self proved she subsumed her characters and infinitely more interesting. Did she in made them into reproductions of her- fact as a child throw herself under a self. Audiences related to Bernhardt, carriage to protest the departure of a not Cleopatra or Camille or Athalie. beloved aunt, or did she fall out a win- So great was this hypnotic force that dow waving goodbye to her? The truth she conquered audiences around the matters little. The theatricality of world, even though she performed either version of the story is delicious, only in French. Her captivated fans, even if neither is true. Bernhardt con- at least outside France, could dis- sidered her life a dramatic text that she pense with the poetry of the lines or could edit or a performance she could the dramatic action. They came to see reinterpret as mood and audience dic- Bernhardt and willingly, eagerly fell tated. A generous gallery of portraits under the spell of her personality. In his brief new biography, Robert shows that she could seduce photogra-

Without question, she was the great- Gottlieb tries to grapple with the mys- phers as readily as biographers. PHOTO: SHUTTERSTOCK/ALICE

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This innovative book off ers a This thoughtful and inspiring book This informative and entertaining The selections in this hardcover collection of refl ections on the Sunday off ers various selections from the book studies the lives of over 20 book convey the heart of Newman’s Gospels, Year A, as seen through the work of prominent U.S. and British spiritual trailblazers, and their crises teachings, story, and spirit, deepening classical poetry of such writers as poets. Their words take the reader of conscience. More than a collection your familiarity with this saintly and Denise Levertov, John Donne, and through the emotions that accompany of Christian women of diff ering infl uential man of God. Thomas Merton. Their words will their journey through the crisis- background, it presents individuals 128-page hardcover – 5 x 7 challenge you to enter each Gospel struggle-renewal cycle. who, while feisty and fi ery, remained 978-0-7648-1910-0 • $15.99 passage in a unique way. 144-page hardcover – 5 x 7 faithful to the Lord. 144-page paperback – 5½ x 8¼ 978-0-7648-1965-0 • $15.99 224-page paperback – 5½ x 8¼ 978-0-7648-1908-7 • $14.99 978-0-7648-1950-6 • $16.99

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October 4, 2010 America 19 As Bernhardt grows older the conies to see one of her mad tirades or tion. If some saw “the Jewess” as devoid story grows a bit clearer. Her mother death scenes. She performed demand- of morality, as rapacious in gathering had supported her family by ingrati- ing roles into her 70s, even after a leg wealth, as deliberately defiant of the ating herself with generous Parisian had been amputated, supposedly social norms of decent people, and if gentlemen. As the years inevitably put because of damage done to it in child- they attributed all of these characteris- this source of income in jeopardy, she hood by falling from a window. Or was tics to some stereotypical notion of trained her daughters to continue the it from hurling herself in front of a car- “Jewishness,” so be it. One role she arrangements. Sarah rebelled, not riage? could not play was that of the hyp- because of moral reservation—her Clearly, her Jewish background ocrite. Her outlandish private life legendary exploits demonstrate amply never hindered her success. If any- matched her out-sized acting style, and that few such scruples troubled her at thing, the anti-Semitic slurs she she reveled in both. She was endlessly any period in her life—but rather endured from rivals and hostile critics fascinating. She was Sarah Bernhardt. because she refused to be dependent may even have hardened her resolve to What more is there to say? on anyone, her mother or her patrons. face the world on her own terms, For a beautiful, slender girl with a tal- regardless of what people said about RICHARD A. BLAKE S.J., co-director of the film studies program at Boston College, is a ent for reciting poetry, acting seemed her. Attacks arise from jealousy, and former editor and long -time reviewer of films a natural way to gain the attention her jealousy is but the dark face of admira- for America. mother had denied her. A major problem remained: she was not very good at it. A short stay at the Comédie Française brought no mem- DANIEL J. HARRINGTON orable successes. A notably bad review drove her to take poison. So JOB REDUX she says. By the age of 20, Bernhardt had left CREATION UNTAMED difficult questions in the context of the a second company and given birth to a The Bible, God, and Natural God and the world we meet in the Old son, whose father remains a matter of Disasters Testament. Fretheim, professor of Old speculation and for whom she never By Terence E. Fretheim Testament at Luther Seminary in offered apology. Determined to suc- Baker Academic. 176p $19.99 (paper- Minneapolis, considers how we might ceed, Bernhardt joined the Odéon, back) speak of God’s relationship to natural where her talent blossomed. One tri- disasters and the suffering and death umph followed another, and she trav- In their frequency, severity and devas- related to them both in biblical times eled in the highest circles of French tation, natural disasters (floods, wild- and now. Writing as an exegete and artistic life with the likes of Hugo, fires and earthquakes) biblical theologian, he Dumas, Rostand and Zola. She did and human disasters deals with the biblical the great roles of the classic repertoire (suicide bombings, drone texts as they stand in the and the sentimental heroines of the airstrikes and gigantic oil Bible, though he is thor- 19th-century popular stage. She began spills) have become all oughly conversant with her own theater company, overseeing too frequent in recent the debates regarding its productions in detail and taking it times. Their frequency their historicity. He on exhausting international tours. She tends to muffle the hard insists that in dealing despised the modern naturalism of philosophical and theo- with natural disasters Chekhov and Ibsen, however, a failure logical questions that and suffering we not let of vision that eventually made her these events should bring God off the hook. After declamatory style seem intolerably to the public forum: all, it is God’s creation old-fashioned. She appeared in silent Where is God in these that we are talking movies, a medium in which 19th-cen- disasters? Why do inno- about. tury gesticulation still flourished. She cent persons suffer in In treating the biblical played the parts of much younger them? Can anything good come out of creation narratives in Genesis 1–2, characters, but at some point the illu- these tragic events? Fretheim contends that God created the sion of youth evanesced. No matter. Here is a book by a veteran biblical world as good but not perfect (in the Audiences continued to pack the bal- theologian that bravely takes on these sense of a finished product, wrapped up

20 America October 4, 2010 40 Years of Books That Matter Orbis

Mother of A Maryknoll Real Presence God, Similar Book of In Search of the to Fire Inspiration Earliest Icons Icons by Edited by SISTER WENDY WILLIAM HART MICHAEL LEACH and BECKETT McNICHOLS DORIS GOODNOUGH In her earlier Encounters with Reflections by Welcome the com- with God Sister Wendy MIRABAI STARR pany of your favorite Beckett traveled to Words and images authors including Henri remote churches and reflect the perennial Nouwen, Joyce Rupp, monasteries to view appeal of Mary, source of compassion, Richard Rohr, Megan the earliest icons of Mary. Here she gentle consoler, fierce protector, feminine McKenna, and many others. Published to resumes this journey to find icons of face of the divine. 50 color icons. coincide with the 40th anniversary of Orbis. Jesus and the saints. 978-1-57075-894-2 hc $25.00 978-1-57075-901-7 pbk $25.00 978-1-57075-898-0 hc $25.00

Adult Faith The Cosmic I Hear a Growing in Wisdom Dance Seed Growing and Understanding An Invitation EDWINA GATELEY DIARMUID O’MURCHU to Experience New Introduction The bestselling author Our Oneness by Joan Chittister of Quantum Theology JOYCE RUPP The powerful true has written this book in Art by MARY SOUTHARD story of two women: response to the many “There have been many one who ministered to adult faith-seekers he books on ecospiritual- women in prostitution has encountered. Here ity, but few that are in Chicago and the he empowers them to so lovely to look at as Joyce Rupp’s The friend who struggled to grow in wisdom and in grace at a time of Cosmic Dance. Mary Southard’s full-color rise from its mean streets. “A real treasure.” great change. art complements Rupp’s ruminations on the —The Bloomsbury Review 978-1-57075-886-7 pbk $20.00 unity of all creation.” —Publishers Weekly 978-1-57075-900-0 pbk $22.00 978-1-57075-903-1 pbk $20.00

American Peacebuilding Think and Madonna Catholic Theology, Act Anew Crossing Borders Ethics, and Practice How Poverty in with the ROBERT R. SCHREITER, America Affects Us Virgin Mary R. SCOTT APPLEBY, and All and What We GERARD P. POWERS, Eds. DEIRDRE CORNELL Can Do about It Catholic theologians, A young mother from LARRY SNYDER ethicists, and scholar- New York journeys to The president of practitioners examine Mexico to live among Catholic Charities USA the challenge of peace the poor and encoun- challenges individuals, building. ters the Mother of God. business, and govern- “A uniquely powerful and important book.” “Promises to stand with the very best ments to rethink the causes of poverty —J. Bryan Hehir work on Mary.” —Sally Cuneen and ways to combat it. Available November Harvard Kennedy School of Government b/w photos 978-1-57075-871-3 pbk $18.00 978-1-57075-904-8 pbk $16.00 978-1-57075-893-5 pbk $30.00

ORBIS BOOKS At your bookseller or direct Maryknoll, NY 10545 Visa/MC Order Online! www.maryknollmall.org 1-800-258-5838 with a big red bow and handed over to The account of Noah and the flood and/or the effect of vocational choice creatures to keep it exactly as it was cre- in Genesis 6–9 raises the issue of the (the Suffering Servant of Second ated). While God did bring order out of role of human sin in natural disasters. Isaiah and Jesus of Nazareth). chaos in the act of creating, the creation Here again Fretheim is primarily con- In the final chapter, devoted to faith God gave us still has elements of “messi- cerned with the characterization of the and prayer, Fretheim argues that in the ness” about it. That is because God has God who has entered into genuine rela- context of natural disasters and human given a certain amount of freedom not tionship with the world and uses natu- suffering prayer may be considered an only to us humans but also to all the ral agents (like flood waters) to carry aspect of the gift of the relationship forces in creation. The God revealed in out his acts of judgment. This God is that God has established with Genesis 1–2 uses already existing crea- also deeply and personally moved by humankind, whereby God and tures as material for creating new crea- these events, regrets what has happened humans can meaningfully interact with tures, invites nonhuman creatures and with humankind in resisting God’s will one another. He maintains that this the divine assembly to participate in cre- for creation, changes his strategy and relationship is fundamental to thinking ation and gives to humans an important charts new directions for dealing with about the God of the Bible and the role in further creating activities. the problem of sin and evil. He observes association of God and the world. In Natural disasters happen when those that the flood story shows that though this context, prayer (especially lament factors collide and produce further human wickedness can make natural and intercession) has an effect on the “messiness.” Nevertheless, natural disas- disasters worse, such disasters and suf- one who prays, on the relationship ters may also then be an integral part in fering may come simply because God’s between the one who prays and God, God’s way of bringing an ever new cre- world is quite dynamic and sometimes on God and on persons or situations ation into being. unpredictable, random and wild. for which one is praying. We often skip over the fact that In dealing with the serious ques- many of the causes of suffering for Job tions that emerge from natural and THE WINDOWS and his family are natural disasters like human disasters, Fretheim resists the windstorms, lightning and fires, and dis- temptation to find a single and/or ease. When looked at through the lens easy answer. Rather, he forces us to One’s life lasts an hour or two of natural disasters and communal suf- rethink (like Job) who God is and fering, the book of Job deals with how God relates to us and our world. in the grand scheme of things. human suffering in the context of the For him, relationship, interdepen- complex natural order that God has cre- dence and freedom are the ways in ated. This is the fundamental point of which the God of the Bible shares his For a while we hear the larks, God’s speeches from the whirlwind in creative activity with his creatures, the blows come later. Chapters 38–41. They emphasize that human and otherwise. He concludes humans are finite, that God has created that God has not created a world free a dynamic (and sometimes turbulent of vulnerability and has chosen not to What happens when birds sing and unruly) world and that God uses manage the world so that no one gets and then death stabs hard? natural agents in creating the world. hurt. Indeed, the potential for suffer- These speeches force Job to revise his ing, he says, on the part of humans legal, retributive justice-oriented view of and animals is the cost of living in One late summer night a voice God’s creation and to rethink how God such a creative place. reaches down to life’s remains, works in and through the world. While creation is ultimately in The textual analyses of Genesis God’s hands, in the meantime we are 1–2 and 6–9, as well as the book of called to genuine engagement with things calm, the windows close Job, lead into more general considera- God and the world in the conviction and open to a different scheme. tions of suffering and the God of the that the decisions we take will have Old Testament. Here Fretheim insists significant implications for the future on the importance of suffering people of this untamed creation and even for LEONARD CIRINO asking the “Why?” question and the nature of God’s future. LEONARD CIRINO is the editor of explains several biblical responses to it: Pygmy Forest Press in Springfield, Ore. Suffering is part of God’s good cre- DANIEL J. HARRINGTON S.J., is professor of His latest collection is Omphalos New Testament at Boston College School of (Pygmy Forest Press). ation; the consequence of sin and evil; Theology and Ministry, and editor of New the tragic effect of sin over time; Testament Abstracts.

22 America October 4, 2010 NEW CITY PRESS NewNew Releases FALLFALL 2010

The ART of LOVING NEW FINANCIAL HORIZONS CHIARA LUBICH The Emergence of an Economy of Communion Foreword by FRANCISNCIS CARDIN NAAL GEORGE LORNALORNA GOLD Introduction by AMMY UELMEN “Gold examinesexamines the origins and substance of a The Art of Loving555 9(59( / 0)-5 / 0)- 5 !0*$5!0*$ 5 "/3"%/5"/3"%/ 5 promising alternatialternativeve to the current globalized 227*$/257*$/255 *$7)5*$7) "20)+0"%/-5"20)+0"%/- 55 !0*$5!0*$ 2/%7*03)-$0"-52/%7*03)-$0"- 5 economy” (John L. Allen Jr). 227*$/257*$/255 *$7)5*$7) 2&%/-52&%/- 555555 *5* 0-50- 7)57) 72*572* *$7*5*$7* *27)-'321-5*27)-''3321- 5 **$/572*0-* 527)+0-5472$/5572*0-* 27)+0- 5472 0)7%5#/32 /50)7% 5#/32 / 5 555 "" 555 "" TASTING the WORD of GOD CARDINAL NEWMAN for TODAY Commentaries on the Sunday THOMAS J. NORRIS and Daily Lectionaries MEGAN MCKENNMCKENNANAA CelebratingCelebrating Newman’sNewman’n’’ss bifiibbeatification,eatification, September 2010 A twtwo-volumeo-volume set of brief commentaries cocoveringvering the complete Sunday and Daily LectionaryLectionary.. )5)557 7**27+*0/5**27+*0/ "2/-/)*7*03)5"2/-/)*7*03) 5555 3'53' /!17).-5/!17).- %0'/5%0''// 7)7) 5*/7+$0) 59(5/'2/-$0) 52/75555555*/7+$0) 9( /''22/-$0) 2/7 0) 5'&%%53'50) ''&&%% 3' SUNDAY5 555 "" 75%00) 5*$/3%3 6 50-$3"525$0%0"536+/5755%00) *$/3%3 6 50-$3" 5552 $0%0" 36+/ 5 The Irish Catholic). DAILY5 555 "" 555 "" TABLE TALK Beginning the Conversarion 15 DAYS of PRAYER with on the Gospel of Matthewhew (YYeear A) BROTHER ROGER of TAIZTAIZÉ JAYJAAYY CORMIER SABINE LAPLANE 9876543210/2.-52/,/+*03)-5(5+72/'&%%652/%7*/5987655555543210/2.- 2/,/+*03)- ( +72/''&&%%6 2/%7*/ 15 meditations on the life of Brother Roger (1915- *$/5*$/55 #3-"/%5#3-"/% "23+%717*03)5"23+%7177**03) 55 *35*3 +3)*/1"327265+3)*/1"32726 5 2005), founder of the ecumenical TaizéTTaaizé Community +&%*&2/50)575!72157)+&%*&2/5550) 7 !721 57) 5"7-*327%5!76 5 5"7-*327% 5!7766 5 in France. /5/0)5/7-3%*5/55/0) /7-3%* 5WorshipWWoorshipors Magazine). 555 "" 555 "" 15 DAYS of PRAYER with PRAYING ADVENT SAINT VINCENT de PAUL JOANJOAN MUELLER JEAN-PIERRE RENOUARDRENOUENOUUAARD On the occasion of the Saint of Charity’Charity’ss 350th A month-long journeyjourney designed to help busybusy souls AnniAnniversary,versary, a collection of meditations dradrawnwn from prepare for the true Christmas season. The book is his manmanyy writings, shoshowingwing VVincent’sincent’s relerelevanceevance for divideddivided into four weeks, with a reading, reflection, todaytoday.. and spiritual practice for each day.day. 55 "" 5 555 ""

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October 4, 2010 America 23 ST. ANTHONY MESSENGER PRESS New Releases Fall 2010 A Franciscan Christmas Kathleen M. Carroll Foreword by Jack Wintz, O.F.M.

The true meaning of Christmas isn’t found in the glitter and gifts. It’s not on the tree or tucked under it. It won’t be served with the cookies and eggnog. But it can be found in a place of honor in most Christian homes: the Christmas crèche. Francis of Assisi first recreated the scene of the Nativity nearly eight hundred years ago, but it has endured as a favorite holiday tradition. Each piece of the Nativity has its own story and meaning in Franciscan history and Christian spirituality. Take a closer look at the crèche and learn why Christmas is central to Franciscan spirituality and how you can find a deeper meaning in the simplest of seasonal decorations.

KATHLEEN M. CARROLL is managing editor of books for St. Anthony Messenger Press. She is the author of Keeping the Faith in Ohio: Words of Hope and Comfort from Our Spiritual Leaders (Emmis). Order #B16986 ISBN 978-0-86716-986-7 $12.99

JACK WINTZ, O.F.M., is the author of Will I See My Dog in Heaven? (Paraclete) and Friar Jack’s E-spirations.

Already There Letting God Find You Mark Mossa, S.J.; Foreword by James Martin, S.J.

The spiritual life is about making connections. Mark Mossa’s friends tell him that he has a talent for making weird (they politely say “different”) connections. He responds that images, lyrics, and repeatedly quoted lines from popular culture stick with us because they connect with something deep down inside of us and say something meaningful about our human experience. We need only take some time to reflect on our experience — and that is what Mark Mossa helps us to do — and we’ll see that God has already been trying to communicate with us in unexpected and surprising ways. Maybe even weird ways!

MARK MOSSA, S.J., spent his early adult years trying to fig- ure out where God wanted him. At 27 he finally realized he was already there. Two years later he became a Jesuit and now he finds himself a priest. He currently studies and teaches theology at Fordham University in the Bronx, and occasionally updates his blog, “GODsTALKed: Pursuits of a Order #B16765 Hyphenated Priest.” ISBN 978-0-86716-765-8 $14.99

Available at your local bookstore or order direct: St.Anthony Messenger Press 28 W.Liberty St. Cincinnati, OH 45202 1-800-488-0488 Order online: catalog.americancatholic.org NewAudiobooks Fall 2010 Blessed Are the Bored in Spirit A Young Catholic’s Search for Meaning Mark Hart; read by the author

Too many young Catholics experience their faith as Mark Hart did: They rarely miss Mass even if they don’t understand it; they have a Bible even if they never read it; they go to confession even if they aren’t particularly repentant. Is that your experience of Catholicism? Is yours a faith of Thou Shalt Nots? If so, forget about a dreary life of mindless obedience to rules you don’t understand. It’s time to enter Unabridged audiobook into the transforming light of your Creator who invites you to live from the still center 3 CDs: 4 hours (approx.) of his undying love. Order #A16966 ISBN 978-0-86716-966-9 $19.99 MARK HART leads conferences, retreats, and missions for teens and adults around the world. He is vice president of LIFE TEEN International, a Catholic youth ministry, and is the author of Ask the Bible Geek®: Answers to Questions From Catholic Teens and Ask the Bible Geek® 2: More Answers to Questions from Catholic Teens (Servant Books). Mark and his wife, Melanie, have three daughters and live in Phoenix, Arizona. Angels of God The Bible,The Church and the Heavenly Hosts Mike Aquilina, read by the author Angels are everywhere and they play a significant role in the personal drama of daily life — your life. Drawing on Scripture, the words of the saints and Church teaching, Mike Aquilina shows how developing our “fellowship with the angels is not an ornament on our religion, it’s a life skill.” Unabridged audiobook Also by this author: Roots of the Faith. For more information see Servant Books 3 CDs: 4 hours (approx.) 2010 New Fall Releases. Order #A16963 ISBN 978-0-86716-963-8 $19.99 Good Discipline, Great Teens Dr. Ray Guarendi; read by the author

With wit and wisdom, Dr. Ray Guarendi gives parents the tools they need not only to navigate the teen years but also to enjoy them. In a lively question-and-answer format, Good Discipline, Great Teens considers issues ranging from curfew to drugs to back talk and equips parents to give their teens a safer, more stable adolescence and character and virtues for a lifetime.

RAYMOND N. GUARENDI, PH.D., is a clinical psychologist and the Unabridged audiobook father of ten children. He has been a regular guest on national TV and 6 CDs: 7 hours radio programs such as Oprah, Joan Rivers, The 700 Club, and CBS This Order #A16965 Morning and produces a syndicated advice column and national radio ISBN 978-0-86716-965-2 $29.95 program, The Doctor Is In. “Dr. Ray” is the author of several books, including Discipline That Lasts a Lifetime (Servant Books). Available at your local bookstore or order direct: St.Anthony Messenger Press 28 W.Liberty St. Cincinnati, OH 45202 1-800-488-0488 Order online: catalog.americancatholic.org KELLY CHERRY teaching by example, missionaries modeling a theology of love for a com- WITH GOD IN CHINA munity in need. For most of their time in China, Will and Katherine’s com- CITY OF TRANQUIL LIGHT presence of God in their lives, long to munity is Kuang P’ing Ch’eng, the A Novel help others feel it, and it City of Tranquil Light. By Bo Caldwell is to God they turn in Details of Chinese Henry Holt and Company. 304p $25 suffering and also in life are fascinating, even happiness. Perhaps faith arresting. There are the A novel about goodness has become is the better term. But I drowning pools, in an uncommon event in contemporary prefer to think of it as a which “unwanted America. Novels about faith are plen- study of goodness. infants, usually girls,” are tiful, and some readers may prefer to Will Kiehn and his murdered; opium dens, think of Bo Caldwell’s second effort— future wife, Katherine where men lie on wood following The Distant Land of My Friesen, are so well pallets, lost in separate Father, a bestseller—as a book about versed in their faith that and unreal worlds; a faith. A young man and woman, only occasionally, and bandit who wraps Mennonites, meet when they are only in extremity, is around his waist “a recruited as missionaries to China. It there any temptation to woman’s brassiere, which is 1906. They will live in China for 27 turn away. Goodness, though, requires he was using as a sort of two-compart- years, their faith supporting them in self-discipline, the daily decision to do ment coin purse.” The bandit with a poverty, drought, flood and famine, the right thing, a backbone, hard work, bra/coin purse is perhaps unique, but miseries perpetrated on the people by and moral and sometimes physical “half-cooked pig tripe,” dog meat and bandits and warlords, the cruelties of courage. Will and Katherine have “kaoliang cake stuffed with boiled Chiang Kai-shek’s revolution, and per- these qualities in abundance. scorpions minus their stingers and sonal loss and despair. They feel the Their story is voiced by both of shells” were not. During the 1920 them, Will from a long time after the famine “anyone can buy a girl for three events and Katherine in her contem- dollars.” At the same time, Caldwell poraneous diary. Katherine’s sections acquaints us with a large cast of are italicized; Will’s are not. As the Chinese characters who live and book begins it is not always easy to breathe on the page, and Will and depends on keep them straight despite the typog- Katherine’s deep affection for these raphy. Will does not sound like a friends is as palpable as the characters woman, exactly, but his voice is themselves, who walk right into the neutered and the reader has to remind reader’s room. Among them are herself that it is not Katherine who is Chung Hao and his wife, Mo Yun, speaking. This difficulty dissolves as who become their very dear friends they take up their work in China. and help advance the missionary work. please Describing his activities, which are The magistrate meets unspeakable remember manly, Will’s voice becomes masculine. violence with unspeakable violence yet Both are beautifully realized. Good recognizes Will and Katherine’s good- as they are, filled with love as they are, ness; he and his foot-bound wife, Feng in they are also believable, this intense Chen Mei, come to admire the work your will. wife and her devoted husband and the they are doing. Lao Chang, a gateman, ways in which they care for each other, gives his life to save Will and take care of each other. The respect Katherine. Hsiao Lao, a bandit chief- and love between this couple and tain, undergoes a complex but com- Katherine’s sister and brother-in-law pletely credible transformation after our america press inc., and their children are equally evident, Will treats a knife gash on his son’s legal 106 west 56th street and each couple is a model for the face. title new york, ny other. Indeed, mission work seems to a There are many passages of wis- is: 10019 significant degree to be a kind of dom, and again it is cogent wisdom.

26 America October 4, 2010 THEHE BOOKSOOKS Y OUOU’VEVE BEENEEN W AITINGAITING FOROR!

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October 4, 2010 America 27 Will and Katherine accept that God is do not rely on our feelings. When States would resuscitate the story a mystery who cannot be fully compre- we don’t feel hope, we wait for it, under the familiar banner, “Where Is hended. Even an atheist, with a little and it always comes. (italics hers) Judge Crater?” juggling, might agree with that. “I Peter Quinn has masterfully believe I could write a book about the City of Tranquil Light was inspired revived the mystery of Judge Crater goodness of God,” Katherine says, per- by Caldwell’s maternal grandparents, and the atmospherics of the haps speaking for but this is no Depression-era 1930s and interwo- the author as well as ON THE WEB hagiography, nor is it ven them with clever revivals of film herself; and Will Search our sentimentalized. noir-like characters and suspense, lay- admits, “I have come book review archive. The candid account ering mystery upon mystery in to accept that at pre- americamagazine.org/books of constant struggle enthralling fashion. His central char- sent I have only a and hardship, inter- acter, Fintan Dunne, is an Irish rein- partial view of reality; . . . I know that nal as well as external, eliminates any carnation of a Humphrey Bogart- my Lord is the God of wheat fields possibility of hagiography or sentimen- like, somewhat noble but ever-skepti- and oak trees, of mountains and val- talism. I say “inspired” deliberately cal Sam Spade or Philip Marlowe. leys, and that His answers, like His because it is inspired, a beautifully writ- The year is 1955 and Dunne, who works, often require time.” In late life, ten, often riveting, heartbreaking, heart- first appeared as a New York detec- Will opens Katherine’s Bible to discov- healing, wise and sweet-tempered tive in Quinn’s fine thriller Hour of the er a handwritten note: novel. Cat (2005), is now retired in Florida after a career in the Office of We often wait for God with hope. KELLY CHERRY’s most recent books are Girl Strategic Services in World War II in a Library: On Women Writers & the But sometimes we must wait for Writing Life and The Retreats of and as a private investigator. Though hope. We may feel nothing, but we Thought: Poems. reasonably content in retirement, he is gradually lured back into the inves- tigative game by ex-O.S.S. pals when, GEORGE W. HUNT to his surprise, he is offered a consid- erable fee if he can solve the 25-year- DISAPPEARING ACT old mystery of Judge Crater. The offer comes from the newspaper tycoon THE MAN WHO NEVER time, and an endless offering of Walter Wilkes, monomaniacal dis- RETURNED rumors, speculations and theories penser of sleaze journalism, who A Novel filled the tabloid newspapers. plans to have Dunne’s solving of the By Peter Quinn Sightings of Judge Crater were report- Crater mystery coincide with the Overlook. 352p $24.95 ed countrywide (on bread lines in launching of his new glossy magazine, Chicago or Detroit, in Hooverville Snap, and that of a third television For people of a certain age, this book’s shacks in Seattle, on network on the Aug. 6 title might evoke expectations about farms in Nebraska), anniversary. the famous Charlie, celebrated in the and many a corpse was The reader thereafter Kingston Trio song of the late 1950s, exhumed on a know- accompanies Dunne on who was condemned to “ride forever ing but false tip. his quest, a Dantesque ‘neath the streets of Boston” because Franklin D. Roosevelt descent into the past (the he had no subway exit fare on the (then New York’s gov- hellish world of Gotham M.T.A. Instead, it refers to the far ernor) was behind the in the early 1930s), wed- more famous Judge Joseph Force disappearance, or else ding history and mys- Crater, newly appointed to the New the mob or a jealous tery—Quinn’s novelistic York State Supreme Court, who sud- husband or perhaps strengths—and the equal- denly vanished after entering a taxi on rival politicians or the ly baffling present of 1955 New York City’s West side on the New York Police with its distorted memo- evening of Aug. 6, 1930. Department. For ries and updated resent- The disappearance of Judge Crater decades later, until as recently as 1980, ments. Everything grows curiouser (like that of Amelia Earhart a few on each five-year anniversary, some and curiouser as Dunne visits the years later) fascinated the nation at the newspaper somewhere in the United over- and underworld of a marvelous

28 America October 4, 2010 “Funny, inspiring, practical, and wise.

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From the author of My Life with the Saints

October 4, 2010 America 29 cast of characters: elusive ex-cops, bit- books. These inserts are, like the story The author’s enthusiasm for the ter former showgirls, a still-aggrieved itself, history re-imagined and con- Decembrists is a case in point. (The widow, a nasty coroner, a shrewd and tribute another layer to this novel’s Decemberists were the rebel Russian helpful nurse and several reluctant pleasures. They are then reinforced by army officers and soldiers who witnesses from long ago. Throughout, pertinent quotations from the Gideon launched the unsuccessful revolt the dialogue is witty and pointed, Bible Dunne peruses, notably one cita- against Nicholas I’s ascension to the never self-consciously cute, while ever tion from Ecclesiastes that captures throne in December 1825.) Since he so subtly the clues mount into coher- succinctly the novel’s theme: “For God considers them the greatest generation ence and readerly satisfaction. will bring every work into judgment, in Russian history, Frazier spends Quinn is an unobtrusive but sure- including every secret thing, whether about 14 pages making his case. handed guide. The chronological nar- good or evil.” In this novel, God does Fortunately for the reader, this sort of rative is artfully balanced and but- so. thing doesn’t happen often. tressed by clever insertions of seem- After nibbling around the edges of ingly verbatim excerpts that consist of GEORGE W. HUNT, S.J., former editor-in- his topic in the opening 147 pages of chief of America, is director of the Archbishop “reprints” from various magazines, Hughes Institute at Fordham University in the book, the author finally makes the newspaper articles, interviews and New York. decision to cross Siberia. “I had flown into it and out again, and that was okay,” he writes. “But as I read more ROBERT F. WALCH and studied the journeys of previous travelers, I understood that Siberia A GRIM, VAST EXPANSE belongs to the category of things (oceans, deserts) that must be crossed, TRAVELS IN SIBERIA one-twelfth of all the land on earth is just as mountains are to be climbed.” By Ian Frazier covered by Siberia, there was little Eventually, a third of the way into Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 544 p $30 chance he would see it all. That was the narrative, the author climbs into a never Frazier’s intent, but he did want used Renault van with his two guides, Like someone sampling hot bath to have as authentic and Sergei Mikhailovich water, Ian Frazier eases himself into representative an experi- Lunev and Vladimir making the full commitment that ence as possible as he Chumak, to begin his writing a book about Siberia would visited cities and villages grand exploration of demand. First, he dips his toe into the and sampled Siberia’s Siberia. This five-week vast subject by reading a few Siberian natural wonders, from adventure, which would travel adventures. Then he takes two Lake Baikal and the Ural take Frazier from the short trips to Siberia, one to Mountains to the Pacific Baltic Sea to the Pacific Provideniya on the Chukotka coastal area. Ocean, began in August Peninsula and the other to the Frazier takes great 2001, and was funded by Diomede Islands in the Bering Strait. pains not only to chroni- a $22,000 advance from Now acclimated to his topic, more cle his adventures on the The New Yorker maga- reading follows, along with Russian road but also to share zine. language study and a trip to St. what he has learned This was the first of Petersburg. about Siberian history, two journeys on which A monumental undertaking from the topography, climate conditions and Sergei, a moonlighting college profes- the author’s standpoint, once he was cultural background of the vast region. sor from St. Petersburg State fully committed to writing this travel Whether it is describing per- Polytechnical University, would memoir, it took the New Jersey resi- mafrost, delving into the construction accompany Frazier. Although they got dent 16 years to complete his research, of the Trans-Siberian Railway or dis- along fairly well, the stress of coping make the actual journeys and then cussing the lives of famous people with their vehicle’s constant mechani- write everything up. Over that period exiled in Siberia, Frazier manages to cal issues and having to deal with diffi- Frazier visited Siberia five times and share his newly acquired knowledge cult driving conditions placed a strain made an equal number of trips to without being pedantic. There are, on the relationship. western Russia. however, a few instances where he slips Also, a source of continual conflict Since three-fourths of Russia and into lecture mode. was Sergei’s reluctance to stop at aban-

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October 4, 2010 America 31 doned prison camps and let Frazier The book’s primary shortcoming the time and effort Frazier devoted to satisfy his curiosity about these ves- lies in the author’s sometimes awk- this project. While he delivers a satis- tiges of the past. On their second trip ward transitions. Occasionally, for fying and enjoyable narrative, it is together, this problem was resolved example, Frazier takes the easy way doubtful that many of his readers will and the author got his fill of the out and will introduce a lengthy quot- be inspired to follow in his footsteps deserted compounds. ed passage with, “Here’s what he said.” the way he himself followed in the Although he is admittedly infatuat- Or he injects comments on the path recounted by writer-explorer ed with Russia and all things Siberian, things he did to amuse himself while George Kennan in Tent Life in Siberia: Frazier does not gloss over the nega- visiting Novosibirsk. “Things to do in An Incredible Account of Siberian tives. He is not reluctant to mention Novosibirsk:” doesn’t strike this reader Adventure, Travel, and Survival. his encounters with disgusting as a very clever way of moving from a I, however, prefer to experience the restrooms, piles of roadside trash, discussion of the collision of Iridium rigors of Siberian travel secondhand. unpalatable food, monstrous 33 and Cosmos 2251 over Siberia in mosquitoes and days so frigid the ink 2009 to what the author saw in this ROBERT F. WALCH, a regular reviewer for Bookloons.com and Bookideas.com, is a retired in his pen tip froze. city of a million-and-a-half residents. English instructor after 30 years in secondary Overall, Travels in Siberia is an Armchair travelers will appreciate education. entertaining read. There are no photos, but the author includes some of the sketches he made while traveling. FRANCO MORMANDO The reader will probably not mind Frazier’s short digressions on such MARY’S PLACE diverse subjects as mammoth ivory, satellite collisions and the largely THE VIRGIN OF CHARTRES observing the ever-changing effects of defunct Bering Strait Tunnel and Making History Through Liturgy the light streaming in from the stained Railroad Group. and the Arts glass. By Margot E. Fassler The fame and fortune of Chartres Yale Univ. Press. 632p $55 is linked to a relic of the Virgin Mary, You have always wanted to the Sancta Camisia, the Holy Tunic or Study in Jerusalem The 12th-century Robe. A gift to the church cathedral of Chartres supposedly by Charle- … truly is one of the magne himself, it was So come to the world’s great wonders, believed to be the very not only as a magnifi- dress worn by Mary at the Tantur cent specimen of Annunciation and the Ecumenical Gothic architecture birth of Jesus. Chartres but also for the sheer also owed its popularity to Institute spiritual energy it another, even more famous In Jerusalem for a emanates, a sense of Marian relic, strangely and • Six-Week Spring or the holy that tran- completely ignored in this Three-Month Autumn scends time, space and book: the milk of the Program creed. Its appeal cuts Virgin. across the barriers of Though the Marian • One-Month Summer history and cultures, which in part cult at Chartres can be traced back to Program explains its designation as a Unesco at least the eighth century, it was only • Christmas or Easter Laity World Heritage site. I first visited in the 11th century that it began to Enrichment Program Chartres 35 years ago as a studious flourish. This was the result of a delib- undergraduate French major and erate publicity campaign initiated by Contact: Rector aspiring medievalist. Intending to one of the Virgin’s most ardent FAX: 972.2.676.0914 study the entire town and its environs, devotés, Bishop Fulbert (reigned Email: [email protected] I spent most of the nine hours of my 1006-28). In 1020, on the eve of the available time inside the cathedral feast of Mary’s Nativity (Sept. 8), a fire Visit our Website:www.tantur.org itself, absorbing its contents and erupted that consumed most of the

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October 4, 2010 America 33 town, including its cathedral. The birth, then she had to have par- these neglected sources of Chartres’s rebuilding of the cathedral was imme- ents and a set of historical events history, Fassler was motivated, and diately undertaken and finished rather to indicate the nature of her rightly so, by the conviction that in the quickly, in 1037. (The present struc- royal lineage. Mary’s nativity is centuries before widespread literacy, ture represents a later reconstruction not described in the Bible, but it “[m]ost people learned about the past following the equally devastating fire required scriptural texts for its in what they heard and saw and reen- of 1194.) At the same time, inspired foundations. acted [in public rituals and ceremony], by the timing of the fire, Fulbert decid- not in what they read.” For medieval ed to launch a distinctive new image The historical “data” and scriptural Christians, much of what they under- for both town and Virgin by promot- correlations were duly assembled by stood about history came from the ing what was one of the lesser Marian Fulbert. They were, of course, liturgy, including liturgical music. feasts, that of Mary’s own birth. In medieval fantasies, but Fulbert’s elo- Note that Fassler is professor of music undertaking this campaign, Fulbert quence on behalf of Mary, in the form history at Yale and this volume was may have also been expressing his grat- of sermons and liturgical texts, cap- financed in part by the Yale Institute of itude to Mary for his miraculous heal- tured the imagination of the faithful Sacred Music; hence, musicology ing. According to the universally and the approbation of ecclesiastical looms large here. (There is, according- believed report of the respectable authorities. Reinforced by the efforts ly and understandably, no discussion chronicler-monk William of of his successors, Fulbert’s campaign of Mariolatry—the disturbing excess- Malmesbury (d. 1143), Mary had was a complete success. The cathedral es of Marian devotion—or of the rele- cured Fulbert of some dread illness by of Chartres as we know and love it vance of the material examined for bathing his face with milk from her today is ultimately the miracle that today’s spirituality.) breast, drops of which he dutifully Fulbert wrought. The Virgin of Chartres will appeal gathered and preserved as a relic for The scholarly core and unique con- not only to medievalists and liturgists his cathedral (but, again, no mention tribution of Fassler’s monumental but to a general readership as well. Do of any of this in Fassler’s book). book is a meticulously detailed study not be daunted by the scholarly appa- As Fassler explains in her major of the development and dynamics of ratus of this weighty tome. Alongside new study of Chartres: this Fulbertian phenomenon of the the academic discussions, you will find feast of Mary’s Nativity through close in easily accessible, pleasurably read- The elevation of the feast of reading of the materials that created it: able form much of the history, iconog- Mary’s Nativity required a above all, the sermons and liturgical raphy, folklore and nitty-gritty politics remaking of the past on several texts (chants, responsories, surrounding “the Virgin of Chartres.” fronts. If Mary was to have a antiphons). In paying attention to There are, furthermore, over 100 high- quality black-and-white pho- WITHOUT GUILE tographs and 16 excellent color reproductions, a guide to the identification of the statues on the cathedral’s exterior and engaging excerpts from delight- ful medieval tales and chroni- cles. If you are a lover of Chartres—and who is not a lover of Chartres even after visiting only once?—there is much in this masterful and wonder- fully interdisciplinary new study to inform, delight and illuminate.

FRANCO MORMANDO, associate professor of Romance Languages and Literatures at Boston College, special- izes in the history of popular preaching and religion. CARTOON BY BOB ECKSTEIN

34 America October 4, 2010 visit days

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Opening your heart to the gift of God LOOKING FOR Following in the Footsteps of Jesus Meditations on the Gospels for Year A Jose A. Pagola A JOB Pagola afﬁ rms that we can best perceive the truth of IN THE CATHOLIC SECTOR? the Gospel by meditating long on the words of Jesus. Heartfelt familiarity with the Gospels inspires us with HIRING AT YOUR his love for the world, builds up enthusiasm for the CHURCH OR SCHOOL? Kingdom of God, and makes room for his Spirit to rest in us. We are invited to begin or begin again GET THE WORD OUT WITH with these meditations. 978-1-934996-23-2 French Flap, Library Bound, Soft Cover $6.95 AMERICA! The Art of Purifying the Heart Job Listings are accepted for Tomas Spidlik publication in America's print and This book deals with prayer and the spiritual life, web editions. with the experience of grace and goodness through discernment of evil and human passions in our For more information contact Julia everyday experience. Here is a beautiful invitation Sosa at [email protected] to build our spiritual life through discernment Telephone: 212-515-0102 or visit: and prayer of the heart. 978-1-934996-18-8 French Flap, Library Bound, Soft Cover $8.95 WWW.AMERICAMAGAZINE.ORG

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October 4, 2010 America 35 for men, pain is very real. NEW! so is the power to transform it.

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36 America October 4, 2010 CLASSIFIED and administrator with a proven record of institu- THE UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON seeks to hire a tional advancement and relevant Ph.D. or equiva- Chair of the Department of Religious Studies. lent. Applicants must support the Franciscan the- Applicants must have an academic record of excel- Baptism Garments ological tradition/educational mission and the ecu- lence in teaching and scholarship suitable for BAPTISM GARMENTS FROM BETHLEHEM in menical mission of the Graduate Theological appointment with tenure at the rank of associate timeless design that recalls the baptism of Jesus. Union. Preference will be given to a vowed reli- professor or (preferably) professor. The position Six infant sizes, embroidery inspired by mosaics in gious member of the Franciscan family or other requires commitment to the university’s Catholic the Church of the Nativity. Purchase supports vowed religious who has demonstrated commit- and Marianist mission, to the department’s central Holy Land Christians. Visit www.Baptism ment to and understanding of the Franciscan role of stewardship of that mission, and to the Garment.com or call (805) 544-9088, Pacific vision. For complete description, see www.fst.edu. department’s multi- and interdisciplinary Time. By Nov. 15, 2010, applicants should send letter of approaches to religious studies. application, C.V. and three references to: Chair, Responsibilities include the hiring and support Books Presidential Search Committee, Franciscan School of new faculty members, as well as the administra- HELP SEVERELY AUTISTIC adults. Buy a book at of Theology, 1712 Euclid Avenue, Berkeley, CA tion of a complex department with multiple con- douglasacres.com. 94709; e-mail: [email protected]. stituencies, a department that at the undergradu- Parish Missions INSPIRING, DYNAMIC PREACHING: parish missions, retreats, days of recollection; www ) .sabbathretreats.org. ('&%$#)"! % ))) &) $&&% !)$ !#)) ) Positions ) DIRECTOR OF MAJOR GIFTS. America Press )&)&$)&)! ) !) $)) Inc., New York, N.Y.—national media ministry of $ # !)& $#! &)!)&)!) the U.S. Jesuits, publisher of America magazine #&$%&$&)&) !&%$) &) )$$#) and host of www.americamagazine.org—seeks a &)!)! $ ) !&%$) full-time Director of Major Gifts to solicit and ) close major gifts that support the mission, needs ($&!#) $#)#&$&#)&) ! & ) &% )!) and priorities of A.P.I. Capacity to support enthu- $##$ % &) !&%$)$ $) $# )) siastically and knowledgably the mission of A.P.I. ) is essential. Creativity, passion and motivation to ) engage potential donors a must. Bachelor’s degree )))))&#!%$&)$ ) $&&%)&)) required plus 5 to 7 years of experience in fundrais- # ! ) ing and a proven track record in securing major ) gifts. To apply please send cover letter, résumé, ( ) salary history/requirements to publisher@americamagazine.org, or fax to publisher’s attention at (212) 399-3596. Preferred deadline is Nov. 1, 2010, with candidates reviewed on first-come ) basis. Be part of a team that translates dreams into ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))& &) goals with deadlines! )

KENRICK-GLENNON SEMINARY RECTOR PRESIDENT. The Archdiocese of Saint Louis has le Schedule ffoor the Fulltime Minister an immediate need for a full-time Rector President Doctor of Minisnissttryy In for Kenrick-Glennon Seminary. The candidate e Coursework who is selected will assume responsibilities July 1, Christiaann Spirriittualiitty annual Residency in D.C. 2011. Founded in 1893, today K.G.S. has a stu- ational Visiting Scholars dent body of 126 seminarians, after ordaining one rt Model of Learning of the largest classes in the United States in 2010. ting Applications for Cohorts Three and The Rector President must be a priest in good Four standing with an advanced degree in theology or canon law. This is a full-time position and demands someone who has the ability to form a seminary community as outlined in the Program of Priestly Formation (fifth edition). Send applications to: Archbishop Robert J. Carlson, Archbishop of Saint Louis, 20 Archbishop May Drive, Saint Louis, MO 63119-5738. www.wtu.edu PRESIDENT, FRANCISCAN SCHOOL OF THE- Contact Information: Anne E. McLaughlin, RSM, D.Min. OLOGY, a Roman Catholic seminary and graduate Director, Doctor of Ministry Program school of theology operated by the Province of St. Washington Theological Union Barbara, Order of Friars Minor, and a member 6896 Laurel Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20012 school of the Graduate Theological Union, Phone: (202)541-5247 Berkeley, Calif. The Franciscan School of Clalaasss Fax: (202)726 -11716 Theology seeks an experienced academic leader Conntteemmporraarryy Ministrryy E-mail: mclau [email protected]

October 4, 2010 America 37 ate level plays a central role in the common aca- will begin on Nov. 1, 2010, and continue until the to apply. “You Can Light Your Tomorrow by the demic program while also having a strong under- position is filled. Apply online at: Way You Live Today,” Elizabeth Browning. graduate major, and which at the graduate level has http://jobs.udayton.edu. For further information, master’s programs in theological studies and pas- contact Prof. William Portier, Chair, Religious WEB MANAGER, part-time. Jesuit Commons, toral ministry, as well as a Ph.D. program in the- Studies Search Committee at William.portier@ www.JesuitCommons.org, is a newly launched, ology that emphasizes a U.S. Catholic context (see notes.udayton.edu. rapidly growing online community that links the www.udayton.edu/~relstudy). Preference will be The University of Dayton, a comprehensive millions-strong, global Jesuit network on collabo- given to those with a demonstrated ability to over- Catholic university founded by the Society of rative ventures that benefit very poor communities. see curriculum development, to lead effectively and Mary (the Marianists) in 1850, is Ohio’s largest The Jesuit Commons seeks an individual to lead collaboratively, to serve as an influential voice independent university and one of the nation’s 10 the growth, marketing, editorial management and inside and outside the university, and to teach and largest Catholic universities. The University of development of its Web site on a part-time basis advise students from diverse backgrounds. Dayton is firmly committed to the principle of (up to 20 hours per week); the individual will Deadline: A complete application for the posi- diversity and is an affirmative action/equal oppor- report to the president of Jesuit Commons and tion consists of a letter of intent, C.V. and the tunity employer. Persons of color, women, individ- work from home on a “virtual office” basis. The names of three references. Review of applications uals with disabilities and veterans are encouraged ideal candidate will be entrepreneurial, deeply sym- pathetic to the Jesuit mission and will understand social media, Web site design, content management and marketing. Apply with résumé and cover note by Oct. 1 to [email protected]. Retreats WISDOM HOUSE, Litchfield, Conn. Labyrinth 1-800-654-0476 | www.saintjohnsbible.org walks are open during the month. Interfaith Institute, “Money and Faith,” Oct. 29-30: Speakers include Margaret McCarthy, Barbara New! Cohen, Rev. Terry Wysong and Mufti Ikram ul Historical Haq. For other retreats and programs, visit Books www.wisdomhouse.org, or call (860) 567-3163. Donald Jackson, Artistic Director Web Sites and Illuminator THE EVOLUTION OF SYMBIOSIS is nature’s Historical Books, the sixth volume from pattern and God’s plan. Enrich your faith with the The Saint John’s Bible, magnifies the synthesis of science. Free resources at: www.secon- unwavering love of God for his people. denlightenment.org and www.evolution101.org. As the largest book in the series, this volume features more than twenty-ﬁ ve Wills stunning illuminations as well as Please remember America in your will. Our legal title multiple text treatments and marginal is: America Press Inc., 106 West 56th Street, New details that dramatically depict the York, NY 10019. Bible’s inspiring and thought- provoking passages. America classified. 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38 America October 4, 2010 AtAt thethe hhearteart ooff a llifeife ooff mmeaningeaning GGemsems ooff wwisdomisdom ffoforor aanyonenyone lieslies ffaithaith ddoingdoooinging jjustice...ustice... seeking meaningning in daily liflife.fee.

IN GOODOOD COMPANYOMPANY JESUIT SCHOOL OF THEOLLOOGGYY The Fast TTrrack from the Corporate WWoorld PG4BOUB $MBSB 6OJWFSTJUZ to Poverttyyy,, Chastittyyy,, and Obedience *00000. .$ , . $' . .,"," 0(,( 10THTH A NNIVERSARYNNIVERSARRYY EDITIONDITION 43210/.-,+ 0*).('.& 0%.$#.".++& 000000!* 3 4 0000000 14 1 142 14 412 "0,( .' 00000 0' 0 0wwww..scu.edu//jjst By James Martin,Martin, S.J. “The story of James Martin’s ‘ffaast track’ from GE to &%$###"$! &! ! & #### $$ $$$ ##&%& THE PROPAGATION OF THE FAITH... A PONTIFICAL MISSION SOCIETY God has a sense of humorr.. The pursuit of happiness is ultimately inseparable frroom the call to holiness. && ##%! &&&&$ ## Seven Storey Mountain #### $ 8PSME generation of seekkeers.” MISSION SUNDAY —Robert—Roberrtt Ellsberg,, authoraut of All Saints “Engaging and entertaining. . . . James Martin has given OCTOBER 24, 2010 us some saavvory fofood ffoor thought.t ” “a Eucharistic celebration —Kathleen Norris,Norris,, authoraut of Acedia & Me for all the missions of the world” The New YYoork Times has described James Martin (culture editor of America) as maayybe “the only Jesuit $!&#### &% $$$$ ##&%$ %& #% ## ##&%$ $$ ### $& #$ # ! ! ##&%$ !& # of his remarkable journey from corporate America &##&%$ $&& ## "$! ! # & ## $ $ #& $ #!& paced, compelling, and often humorous, his story offfeers a fresh, inside look at corporate America, the "$! &#########& &%$ % $!& $$ $ $##%$ $$&% # $! # & #$$& $! ### $ Preface by the authorr..

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40 America October 4, 2010 LETTERS way they did in the past. They leave for that faces Christianity in the United the same reasons that families do not States. form in the numbers they had before. ERIC BERGERUD Shortsighted Albany, N.Y. Family commitment interferes with Your comment “The Real Islam” self-fulfillment. The pope knows this. (8/30) is shortsighted. The real Islam Remarkably, many U.S. Catholic lead- An Inconsistent Position is either powerless—or unwilling—to ers seem not to. Our secretary of state and president take down the death squads and train- This also makes Father Kavanaugh disagree with your editorial “Hold to ing centers of terrorists in their midst. a bad historian. The church faced the the Deadline” (9/13) and your sugges- These terrorists are knocking down real blow of our era during the 1970s, tion that leaving Afghanistan will have our gates in the name of God on every and it had nothing to do with ordain- no impact. It is “delusional” to think front, hitting the heart of countries ing women. The dialogue between the that our presence does not discourage like Britain and Spain, as they repeat- church and the outside world and the Al Qaeda and the Taliban from recre- edly hit us, bankrupting our country. dialogue within the church has kept ating what they once had as an opera- Plane travel used to be a pleasure; now, the church alive for 2,000 years. It’s tional base. Coherent arguments can because of Muslim hatred, it is a cost- crazy not to see that portraying the be made for both leaving and staying. ly pain. Nobody mentions the flood of structure of the church as the problem But it makes no sense to argue that we Christian refugees we are taking in rather than the solution will only should continue taking casualties and from Muslim countries that for cen- weaken it in face of the secular wind tell the enemy the date when we will turies had been Christian before the Muslims took over. These families are literally fleeing for their lives. To send a letter to the editor we recommend using the link that appears below articles on The United States should close all America’s Web site, www.americamagazine.org. This allows us to consider your letter for publication in both print and online versions of the magazine. Letters may also be sent to America’s mosques on our soil until the worship- editorial office (address on page 2) or by e-mail to: [email protected]. They should pers prevail on their Muslim countries be brief and include the writer’s name, postal address and daytime phone number. Letters may of origin to stop fiendish bomb-train- be edited for length and clarity. ing camps and then show the same courtesy and open arms that the United States has extended to Muslim Womanist Spirituality faithful here. M. E. CARSON Standing in the Shoes My Mother Made Seattle, Wash. A Womanist Theology DIANA L. HAYES Hayes, a leading commentator and forger of womanist Don’t Blame the Church thought, especially in the black Catholic setting, here The column “How Will They Know?” offers strong brew for what ails the church. by John F. Kavanaugh, S.J. (9/20), 978-0-8006-9757-0 pbk 208 pp $22.00 misses the point. In the world of Enﬂ eshing Freedom American Catholics in the upper Body, Race, and Being fringe, especially if they are associated M. SHAWN COPELAND How black women’s experience and oppression cast a with the academic world, people trying completely different light on our theological theorems to explain the woes facing the church and pious platitudes. look almost entirely to the inside. 978-0-8006-6274-5 pbk 176 pp $20.00 People are leaving the church Making a Way Out of No Way because in a world of extraordinary A Womanist Theology wealth, people don’t need people the MONICA A. COLEMAN Coleman presents a way of living for justice with God and proposes a communal theology that provides a America (ISSN 0002-7049) is published weekly (except for 13 combined issues: Jan. 4-11, 18-25, Feb. 1-8, April 12-19, June 7- dynamic way forward for black churches. 14, 21-28, July 5-12, 19-26, Aug. 2-9, 16-23, Aug. 30-Sept. 6, Sept. 13-20, Dec. 20-27) by America Press, Inc., 106 West 56th 978-0-8006-6293-6 pbk 232 pp $21.00 Street, New York, NY 10019. Periodicals postage is paid at New York, N.Y., and additional mailing offices. Business Manager: Lisa Pope; Circulation: Judith Palmer, (212) 581-4640. Subscriptions: United States, $56 per year; add U.S. $30 postage and GST (#131870719) for Canada; or add U.S. $54 per year for international priority airmail. Postmaster: Send address changes to: America, 106 West 56th St. New York, NY 10019. Printed in the U.S.A. At bookstores or call 1-800-328-4648 fortresspress.com

October 4, 2010 America 41 throw in the towel, which is the “com- Catholic University of America Press promise” our president agreed to. I also detect an elitist antimilitary NEW BOOKS FOR THE FALL SEASON disdain alluding to our military’s “can do” attitude. Would America prefer a “can’t do” attitude? What is America’s position if the president and General Petraeus see significant progress toward a successful resolution? Would America then support extending the mission? If not, America should not be calling for a future withdrawal but should demand that our troops with- draw immediately and save needless waste of lives and resources. Augustine in His Own Words Introduction to Scholastic WALTER MATTINGLY Edited by William Harmless, S.J. Theology Jacksonville, Fla. An extraordinary introduction to Saint Augustine, Ulrich G. Leinsle one of the most influential thinkers to shape Translated by Michael J. Miller Western civilization. Readers are led through the Paperback * 978-0-8132-1792-5 * $29.95 We Can’t Do It depths and heights of Augustine’s works and thoughts in this fascinating anthology. Concerning your editorial on Paperback * 978-0-8132-1743-7 * $34.95 The One, the Many, and the Afghanistan (9/13), I could not agree Trinity more with your estimate of the situa- Church, State, and Society Joseph A. Bracken and the Challenge of An Introduction to Catholic Social Doctrine Process Metaphysics tion (an old military term). We seem to J. Brian Benestad Marc A. Pugliese be constantly tumbling into these Paperback * 978-0-8132-1801-4 * $34.95 Hardback * 978-0-8132-1794-9 * $69.95 peripheral wars or conflicts, where we c/o Hopkins Fulﬁllment Service 1-800-537-5487 cuapress.cua.edu invariably wind up trying to “fix” the benighted inhabitants by trying to make them into Americans and their leaders into Thomas Jeffersons. Cultures cannot be changed overnight or by fiat, even by the United States and its can-do spirit. Once we exorcise that “demonic” spirit from our mind-set, the United States and the world will be much better off. JOHN D. FITZMORRIS JR. New Orleans, La.

Slipping Behind Bravo, Archbishop Timothy Dolan, for “The Catholic Schools We Need” (9/13). My diocese, Rochester, is a perfect example of what can happen when Catholic schools have little or no 3ELF CONTAINED OPTIONAL priority with the administration. In ANDFLEXIBLEMODULESARE 1988 we had 39 Catholic elementary SPECIFICALLYDESIGNEDTO ASSISTINDIVIDUALSTO schools serving just over 16,000 chil- INTEGRATETHEOLOGY dren in Monroe County, our popula- SPIRITUALITY HUMAN 3!4s3CHOOLOF!PPLIED4HEOLOGY tion center. The county is now down DEVELOPEMENTAND 'RADUATE4HEOLOGICAL5NION to 11 schools with an enrollment of MINISTRYWITHTHEIRLIVED 2IDGE2OADs"ERKELEY#! EXPERIENCE s 3,446. So it is no surprise that week- &OUR MONTHAND %MAILSATGTU AOLCOM end Mass attendance in the diocese .INE MONTHPROGRAMS 7EBSITEWWWSATGTUORG has fallen by over 25 percent in the last

42 America October 4, 2010 10 years and our ordination rate is essentially zero. As the archbishop FORDHAM UNIVERSITY, THE OPUS PRIZE FOUNDATION says, the entire church suffers when AND THE CENTER ON RELIGION AND CULTURE Catholic schools disappear. present MIKE SHEA Rochester, N.Y. Globalization and the “Kumbayah” Is Not Enough Robert Brancatelli’s “Liberating Catechesis” (9/13) reminds me of Ecology of Caring Supertramp’s 1979 song, “The Logical UNTOLD STORIES, UNSUNG HEROES Song.” Does he really know who, where or when he is? We should not lament that the church is raising the Wednesday, 10 November 2010 | 6-8 p.m. bar for catechesis where our Pope Auditorium | 113 West 60th Street Protestant brethren are setting uni- form standards. A solid parish-based Fordham University | Lincoln Center Campus program will provide age-appropriate In struggles against poverty, disease or disaster, nothing can replace treatment of Catholic dogma and still hands-on caring by families, neighbors and aid workers. Yet that leave room for Brancatelli’s kerygma. One cannot hope to empower caring can be dramatically affected by decisions made in far-away future lay ministers and/or future places—by government, corporate and NGO officers, among others. vocations to the priesthood or reli- Fred de Sam Lazaro reports regularly for the PBS Newshour and gious life with anemic “homespun” for- Religion and Ethics Newsweekly on grass-roots efforts to improve the mation. One cannot hope to open the minds of young Catholics to lives of the world’s poor. Using clips from his work, he and expert Augustine or Merton when all there is panelists will reflect on what happens when the local meets the global. to work with is “Kumbayah.” The par- Join us as we look at the untold stories and unsung heroes. ent who couldn’t distinguish between “confirmation” and “ordination” would MODERATOR: William F. Baker, the Claudio Aquaviva Chair and Journalist in not exist if we restored the order of the Residence at Fordham and president emeritus of Channel Thirteen/WNET initiation sacraments on a nationwide SPEAKER: Fred de Sam Lazaro, journalist and filmmaker, director of the Project for level. “Oh, you’ll never get youth in the Under-Told Stories at St. John’s University in Collegeville, Minn. door,” some argue. But our Protestant PANELIST: Jacqueline Novogratz, founder and CEO of Acumen Fund, a nonprofit friends, who have no similar sacra- global venture firm that uses entrepreneurial approaches to solving global poverty ments, have youth groups bursting at PANELIST: Lawrence MacDonald, a vice president of the Center for Global the seams. Development, a nonprofit research organization dedicated to reducing global poverty PAUL STOKELL Oklahoma City, Okla. The forum is part of a two-day event at Fordham University celebrating the awarding of the Opus Prize, which is given annually by the Opus Prize Don’t Go Foundation to honor unsung heroes who demonstrate an entrepreneurial Thank you for the column by John F. spirit and a strong faith commitment while addressing critical world issues. Kavanaugh, S.J., “How Will They Know?” (9/13). As a woman who has considered leaving the church, I will FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC continue to pray and hope that change RSVP: [email protected] | (212) 636-7347 will come, but after 70 years it would For more information, visit www.fordham.edu/ReligCulture. indeed break my heart to leave. JOAN O’BRIANT Aiken, S.C.

Rap/Rock Pope? In the context of your ongoing discus-

October 4, 2010 America 43 sion of church music (“Sing a New GRADUATE PROGRAMS IN PASTORAL COUNSELING AND SPIRITUAL CARE Song,” 9/13), I am baffled by the decision of church authorities in England and Wales to have a rap song serve as the youth anthem during the papal A JOURNEY visit to the United Kingdom this month. A CALLING Pope Benedict XVI has previously described pop music as the “cult of the FAITH banal.” He has also stated that rock music is “a form of worship…in oppo- FIELD WORK sition to Christian worship.” Rap music has a beat with a down- A BREAKTHROUGH ward deflection that is condescending in nature. It contains essential rhyth- FIELD WORK mic elements of bragging (braggado- cio), ritualized insult and toasting one- FAITH self. Rap was largely influenced by A CALLING rock and roll (slang for sex) and has developed into trends of violence and A JOURNEY gratuitous sex. Putting Christian lyrics to such profane music does not make the music “Christian.” Plain and simply, this is inculturation gone haywire. PAUL KOKOSKI Hamilton, Ontario

Newman Speaks For Today Readers of the Rev. James J. Bacik’s “Habits of Mind and Spirit” (9/13) and students at Newman Centers will appreciate the frankness of their blessed patron voicing an opinion with recent overtones. Newman’s opinion was reported recently by the Rev. John J. Hughes in Inside the Vatican (August–September 2010). Com- menting on the pastoral letter Begin a journey of faith, study, reason, research, discovery, help, and incredible Cardinal Henry Edward Manning personal fulﬁ llment. Loyola’s graduate programs in pastoral counseling and issued after the First Vatican Council, spiritual care uniquely integrate spirit and science. We prepare students to meet implying that the pope’s infallibility the psychological and spiritual needs of individuals, families, and organizations. was unlimited, Newman wrote: “We We invite you to join our vibrant community of healers and helpers. have come to a climax of a tyranny. It is Learn more at www.loyola.edu/grad/pastoral. not good for a Pope to live 20 years. It is an anomaly and bears no good fruit: · Master of Science* · Ph.D.* · Master of Arts · Certificate in Spirituality and Trauma he becomes a god, has no one to con- *CACREP accredited tradict him, does not know facts, and does cruel things without meaning it.” Pius IX’s pontificate (1846-78) had almost eight years to run when Newman penned those lines. LARRY N. LORENZONI, S.D.B. San Francisco, Calif.

44 America October 4, 2010 FALL BOOKS from THE FRANCIS AND ANN CURRAN CENTER FOR AMERICAN CATHOLIC STUDIES Notre Presents the 6th Annual Dame Rita Cassella Jones Lecture Press Changing History:

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October 4, 2010 America 45 THE WORD Saving Gratitude TWENTY-EIGHTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME ( C ), OCT. 10, 2010 Readings: 2 Kgs 5:14-17; Ps 98:1-4; 2 Tm 2:8-13; Lk 17:11-19 “One of them, realizing he had been healed, returned, glorifying God in a loud voice” (Lk 17:15)

ne of our sisters, as she pity? Was he consumed with longing cure the leprosy!” (1 Kgs 5:11). approached her golden for well-being? Was he bitter or Because of his high position, Ojubilee, was repeatedly heard despairing over his dete- Naaman feels entitled to spe- to say, “I have all I need.” She had riorating physical state? cial, personal attention. He is always lived very simply, and her stance At the realization of used to giving commands and of radical gratitude was infectious as his healing, the man has a fixed idea of how the heal- she invited all whom she encountered turned around, per- ing should be done. And to join her in this thankful space. haps not only physi- although he has crossed over The first reading and the Gospel cally, but interiorly as into Israelite territory, he has today tell stories of two different men well. When he lets no regard for its life-giving afflicted with leprosy. One was a gratitude for all God water. He insists that the mighty warrior, commander of the has given him consume rivers in his own land are army of the king of Aram. The other is him, he turns around better than the Jordan. After he huddled with a pitiful group of nine from any other ailments others likewise afflicted. The first, that eat at his spirit. Jesus called Naaman, has easy access to the affirms that this kind of faith, rooted PRAYING WITH SCRIPTURE king. The one in the Gospel is name- in thankfulness, is the healing, saving • Pray to be filled with gratitude, which less and is ostracized by all, keeping his power (the Greek verb sozein con- displaces greed and entitlement. distance even from Jesus. Both are for- notes both “heal” and “save”) that • How is gratitude to God a saving grace eigners who nonetheless are healed by enables him to go forward as a that is different from a groveling depen- Israel’s prophets, Elisha and Jesus. changed person, both in body and dence? Both praise the God of Israel for their spirit. • How can your stance of fundamental transformation. In the first reading, Naaman has a gratitude be a transforming power in the In the Gospel account, the focus is much more difficult time accepting cosmos? on the way the one healed man turns the full transformation offered him. around and loudly glorifies God, In the verses leading up to today’s ART: TAD DUNNE falling at Jesus’ feet, thanking him. It is Lectionary selection, Naaman takes departs in a rage, his servants persuade a dramatic enactment of the stance of huge amounts of silver, gold and cloth- him to go back and immerse himself in saving gratitude that divine gifts evoke. ing, along with a letter from his king, the Jordan. Jesus affirms the man’s response and when he approaches the king of Israel Naaman struggles mightily to turn tells him to go, that his faith has saved to ask for healing from the foreign away from his stance of entitlement, him. Luke does not elaborate what was prophet. He then goes to Elisha’s from his attempts to buy healing and the man’s inner disposition before he house with horses, chariots and all his to direct the manner in which it was healed. Was he filled with self- retinue. should occur. After his healing, Elisha sends out a messenger, who Naaman still tries to pay for it, but directs Naaman to wash seven times in Elisha will take nothing from him. All BARBARA E. REID, O.P., a member of the the Jordan River. Naaman is furious, that God or Jesus desires in return is a Dominican Sisters of Grand Rapids, Mich., is declaring, “I thought for me he would heart shaped by saving gratitude for a professor of New Testament studies at surely come out, and stand and call on freely given grace that has the power to Catholic Theological Union in Chicago, Ill., where she is vice president and academic the name of the Lord, his God, and heal both the inner and outer self. dean. would wave his hand over the spot and BARBARA E. REID

46 America October 4, 2010 of the Catholic chaplain. Email us at [email protected] or call 1-800-803-2452. orcall Email [email protected] chaplain. of the Catholic theministry tour. andsee Us,” familiarization Experience With ministry three-day Force–sponsored, anAir thesacr through identity Catholic ourAirmen’s to nurture Corps Chaplain Force intheAir isneeded presence comein—your you That’s theEucharist. gowithout where priest’s Airmen aCatholic ourCatholic presence, Without REAL PRESENCE NEEDED! PRESENCE REAL aments and continued faith formation. Joinusfor “Come Be formation. faith and continued aments

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