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KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI ALIRAN SUNGAI COBAN RAIS, COBAN PUTRI DAN KALI AMPO KOTA BATU SKRIPSI Oleh: HAIDAR NAZARUDIN AZ

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KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI ALIRAN SUNGAI COBAN RAIS, COBAN PUTRI DAN KALI AMPO KOTA BATU SKRIPSI Oleh: HAIDAR NAZARUDIN AZ KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI ALIRAN SUNGAI COBAN RAIS, COBAN PUTRI DAN KALI AMPO KOTA BATU SKRIPSI Oleh: HAIDAR NAZARUDIN AZWAR NIM. 16620107 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG 2021 KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI ALIRAN SUNGAI COBAN RAIS, COBAN PUTRI DAN KALI AMPO KOTA BATU SKRIPSI Diajukan kepada: Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan dalam Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains (S.Si) Oleh: HAIDAR NAZARUDIN AZWAR NIM. 16620107 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG 2021 2 3 14 5 HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN Dengan mengucapkan rasa syukur kepada Allah SWT, ku mempersembahkan karya sederhana ini untuk: 1. Kedua orang tua saya bapak Ihsan dan Ibu Nur Hawa, yang selalu sabar dalam merawatku, selalu beriktiar untuk kesehatan dan ibadahku, selalu memberikan nilai-nilai kebaikan dan memberikan yang terbaik serta doa-doa yang tulus untuk anak-anaknya. 2. Kakak Hilda Sakinatun Nufus, Kakak Windu Sahara Ramadlani, Adik Ratih Nafika Dewi, Adik bungsu Mohammad Hasby Rahmatullah serta segenap keluarga yang tidak pernah berhenti memberikan doa yang tulus, mendorong peneliti dengan sepenuh hati, inspirasi dan motivasi, serta dukungan kepada penulis semasa kuliah hingga akhir pengerjaan skripsi ini. 4. Tim relawan penelitian Robi, Badrus, Fahmi, Yuda, Gita, Titik Helen dan seluruh teman-teman angkatan 16 yang banyak membantu terwujudnya tulisan ini. 5. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu, atas keikhlasan bantuan, semangat, dukungan, saran dan pemikiran sehingga penulisan ini menjadi lebih baik dan terselesaikan. Semoga Allah SWT memberikan balasan atas bantuan dan pemikirannya. 14 7 MOTTO “Usahamu Yang Berhasil Akan Sia-sia Jika Niatnya Telah Salah” KATA PENGANTAR Assalamualaikum, Wr., Wb., Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT atas segala rahmat dan hidayah yang telah dilimpahkan-Nya sehingga saya dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan judul “Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos di Aliran Sungai Coban Rais, Coban Putri dan Kali Ampo Kota Batu” dengan baik. Sholawat serta salam semoga senantiasa tercurahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW yang telah menyertai setiap hati yang merindukannya dan mencerahkan akal yang lalai. Penulisan skripsi tidak sepenuhnya benar, untuk itu penulis mohon maaf. Penyusunan skripsi ini tentu tidak lepas dari bimbingan, arahan, dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Bantuan yang diberikan baik berupa pikiran, motivasi, tenaga, maupun do’a. Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada: 1. Prof. Dr. Abdul Haris, M.Ag, selaku Rektor Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. 2. Dr. Sri Harini, M.Si, selaku Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. 3. Dr. Evika Sandi Savitri, M.P selaku ketua program studi Biologi Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. 4. Dr. Dwi Suheriyanto, M.P selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi yang telah memberikan saran dan nasehat dan selalu sabar dalam membimbing dan mengarahkan atas bimbingan dan juga arahanya hingga penulisan skripsi ini terselesaikan. 5. M. Mukhlis Fahruddin, M.S.I selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi bidang agama yang dengan penuh keikhlasan, dan kesabaran telah memberikan bimbingan, pengarahan dan motivasi dalam penyusunan skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan. 6. Didik Wahyudi, M.Si selaku dosen wali yang dengan penuh keikhlasan, dan kesabaran telah memberikan perwalian di sepanjang perkuliahan. 7. Prof. Dr. Retno Susilowati, M.Si. dan Tyas Nyonita Punjungsar, M.Sc. selaku dosen peguji skripsi bidang Biologi yang dengan penuh keikhlasan, dan kesabaran telah memberikan pengarahan perbaikan, koreksi dalam penyusunan skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan. 14 9 8. Bapak dan Ibu Dosesn Biologi yang dengan penuh keikhlasan, dan kesabaran telah memberikan pengetahuan di sepanjang perkuliahan. 9. Teman-teman seperjuagan Gading Putih 16’, temen satu kontrakan dan teman teman keluarga besar yang selalu membantu dan sabar dalam bekerja sama. 10. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu, atas keikhlasan bantuan, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulisan skripsi ini disusun dengan sebaik-baiknya, tetapi masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Untuk kekurangan dari penulisan ini, saya sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari pembaca yang bersifat membangun. Terima kasih. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr Wb. Malang, Juni 2021 Penulis 14 11 Daftar Isi HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................. i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................... ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................... iii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN .................. iv HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ................................. v MOTTO ...................................................................... vi KATA PENGANTAR ................................................ vii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................. ix DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................... xii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................. xiii ABTRAK ................................................................... xiv ABTRACT ................................................................. xv ARAB ......................................................................... xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................ 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ....................................... 7 1.3 Tujuan .......................................................... 8 1.4 Manfaat ........................................................ 8 1.5 Batasan Masalah .......................................... 8 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................ 9 2.1 Kajian Integrasi ........................................... 9 2.1.1 Air ............................................................. 9 2.1.2 Definisi Sungai ......................................... 11 2.1.3 Biotik Air .................................................. 12 2.2 Gambaran Lokasi Penelitian ....................... 18 2.2.1 Coban Rais ............................................... 18 2.2.2 Coban Putri ............................................... 18 2.2.3 Kaliampo .................................................. 19 2.3 Makrozobentos ............................................ 20 2.3.1 Klasifikasi Makrozobentos ....................... 20 2.3.2 Habitat ..................................................... 21 2.3.3 Sumber Makanan ...................................... 22 2.4 Pengenalan Makrozobentos .......................... 23 2.4.1 Family Thiaridae ....................................... 23 2.4.2 Family Baetidae ......................................... 23 2.4.3 Family Dugesiidae..................................... 23 2.4.4 Family Simullidae ..................................... 24 2.4.5 Polycentropoda .......................................... 25 2.4.6 Family Baetidae ......................................... 26 2.5 Hubungan Sungai dan Makrozobentos ........ 29 2.6 Baku Mutu Air Sungai ................................. 29 2.6.1 Faktor Fisika-Kimia Yang Mempengaruhi Makrozobentos .......................................... 31 2.7 Metode Analisis Data .................................... 36 2.7.1 Indeks Keanekaragaman ............................ 36 2.7.2 Persamaan Kolerasi .................................... 37 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................. 39 3.1 Jenis Penelitian .............................................. 39 3.2 Waktu dan Tempat ........................................ 39 3.3 Alat dan Bahan .............................................. 39 3.4 Alur Penelitian ............................................... 39 3.4.1 Observasi .................................................... 39 3.4.2 Menentukan Metode Sampling .................. 40 3.4.3 Pengambilan Sampel .................................. 40 3.4.4 Indentifikasi Makrozobentos ...................... 41 3.4.5 Sifat Fisika-Kimia Perairan ........................ 41 3.5 Analisis Data ................................................. 42 3.6 Analisi Perpektif Sains dan Islam ................. 42 BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................... 43 4.1 Genus Makrozobentos diAliran Sungai Coban Rais, Coban Putri, dan Kaliampo ............................ 43 4.1.1 Hasil Indetifikasi Makrozobentos diAliran Sungai Coban Rais, Coban Putri, dan Kaliampo ........ 43 4.2 Keanekaragaman Makrozobentos diAliran Sungai Coban Rais, Coban Putri, dan Kaliampo ........ 58 4.3 Faktor Fisika dan Kimia ................................. 63 14 13 4.4 Hubungan Antara Kondisi Fisika-Kiimia Air dan Makrozobentos ............................................... 66 4.5 Keanekaragaman Makrozobentos Dalam Perpektif Islam ............................................................... 74 BAB V PENUTUP ..................................................... 83 5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................... 83 5.2 Saran ............................................................. 84 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................ 85 LAMPIRAN ............................................................... 95 DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Kelompok Bentho berdasarkan Derajat Toleransinya terhadap Pencemaran…………………………………48 Tabel 2.2 Nilai Koefisien Korelasi
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