LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

Volume 17, No. 46 A Weekly Newspaper for the Library Staff November 17, 2006 Historians Franklin and Yu Share Kluge Prize John Hope Franklin, 91, and Yu Ying- shih, 76, have been named the recipi- ents of the third John W. Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the study of humanity. Endowed by Library of Congress bene- factor John W. Kluge, the Kluge Prize rewards lifetime achievement in the wide range of disciplines not covered by the Nobel prizes, including history, philoso- phy, politics, anthropology, sociology, religion, criticism in the arts and humani- ties, and linguistics. Each recipient will receive half of the $1 million prize. Franklin and Yu will officially receive the John W. Kluge Prize on Dec. 5 at the Library of Congress. Each will return to John Hope Franklin Yu Ying-shih the Library next year to present a schol- arly discussion of his body of work enduring impact on both scholarship and widely recognized by their professional Franklin and Yu have each played a his society, and has opened a path for peers for their work and service and have pioneering role in bringing previously others to find new materials and meth- been embraced by a grateful public. neglected, major aspects of American odologies for understanding both their Commenting on John Hope Franklin, and Chinese history into the mainstream and our cultures. Librarian of Congress James H. Billington of the scholarship and public conscious- Yu’s work examines major topics over said: “Dr. Franklin is the leading scholar ness of their respective native lands. two millennia of Chinese civilization; in the establishment of African-American Both have done demanding work using Franklin’s work covers three centuries of history as a key area in the professional a wide variety of primary documents and the history of the United States. Both men study of history in the second half of the historical approaches. Each has had an are surprisingly modest but have been PRIZE, Continues on page 4 Tribal Leader Says Idea of One American Culture Is Untrue

By AUDREY FISCHER Month, he noted that in the theme the promote diversity and has passed many word “culture” is singular, not plural, and laws of inclusion. But it will take genera- ribal leader Ron His Horse Is Thun- he questioned the belief that Americans tions to change attitudes before inclusion der would prefer that Native Ameri- “are one people” with one culture. is to be had,” he said. Tcan culture be respected, portrayed “America is supposed to be a melting He cited the civil-rights movement as accurately in the media and studied in pot, but ideas clash,” he said. “We are a case in point. schools rather than be commemorated not one people. Native Americans are “Things have improved, but racism each November. not part of America’s culture. We have still exists,” he said. “The theme for this year’s Native a separate culture, as do many Ameri- Racism and stereotyping are some- American Heritage Month is ‘One Person, cans.” thing he knows a lot about, both as the a Diversity of Culture,’” said the chair- “Diversity” and “inclusion” are other great-great-great-grandson of Chief Sitting man of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe. concepts that the speaker said he finds Bull and the son of one of the “Greensboro In his keynote address for the Library’s problematic. Four,” who, during the 1960s, protested celebration of Native American Heritage “America has taken great pains to THUNDER, Continues on page 10  T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

FORUM To the Editor: The Gazette No butts about it, the Adams entranceway has become unsightly, unpleasant, A weekly newspaper for the Library of Congress staff and decidedly unattractive. No amount of tasteful landscaping can disguise the GAIL FINEBERG Editor smell of tobacco smoke or the litter of cigarette butts dropped on the sidewalk, in MICHAELA McNICHOL the plantings and on the Second Street steps of the art deco Adams Building. Visual Information Specialist Individuals, apparently heedless of their surroundings and the fact that they should Contributing Editors: Erin Allen, Calendar; Carlin “René” Sayles, Moving On and Length of Service; Runako Balondemu, walk 50 paces from the Adams Building steps before lighting up, have defaced the Donated Leave building’s natural scenery and ambience. Smokers, please take note. Contributing Photographers: Francisco Apodaca, Erin Allen, Constance Carter T.J. Jeffers, Michaela McNichol, Charlynn Spencer Pyne Head, Science Reference Section Proofreader: George Thuronyi

Science, Technology and Business Division peter braestrup James W. Mcclung Founder Founding Publisher * * * (1990 – 1997) (1990 – 1994)

Flu Shots Available The Gazette encourages LC staff to submit articles or photographs Flu shots will be available from 9 to 11:30 a.m. and 1 to 3 p.m., Nov. 17 – 24, with of general interest. Submissions will be edited to convey the most the exception of Thanksgiving Day on Nov. 23, in the Madison Hall near the Inde- necessary information. Deadline for submission is 5 p.m. Wednesday, one week prior pendence Avenue Entrance of the Madison Building. to publication date. Please submit text in digital form via email The Library’s Health Services Office is offering immunizations against three flu ([email protected]) preferably as an attached Microsoft Word file. An official publication of the Library of Congress, The Gazette viruses in one shot. is largely staffed by Library employees who have volunteered All Library employees are eligible for shots, but retired staff members, visitors for part-time details. Persons interested in serving a detail as a page editor, writer, proofreader, photographer, reporter, or artist and non-Library-employed family members are not eligible. may submit applications to the editor, LM 105, mail code 1620. Those persons interested in contributing to The Gazette as part of a Library-wide network should first check with their supervisors. Back issues of The Gazette are available in the Public Affairs Office, Scheduling “Use or Lose” Annual Leave LM 105, and issues dating from 2000 through the current issue are available online at www.loc.gov/staf/gazette. The maximum amount of annual leave a staff member may carry over into a new leave Library of Congress year, which begins on Jan. 7, 2007, is 240 hours. Staff members who expect to have an Washington, DC 20540-1620 annual leave balance in excess of 240 hours must plan to use their use-or-lose before Jan. Editor 707-9194, [email protected] 6, 2007, or risk forfeiting their use-or-lose annual leave. Production 707-0970, [email protected] ISSN 1049-8184 Annual leave is forfeited under law (5 U.S.C. 6304) and may be restored only under limited circumstances. All annual leave subject to forfeiture must be scheduled and

approved in writing at least three pay periods before the end of the leave year, or by Printed on paper that contains recycled paper by the Saturday, Nov. 25. Such scheduling and approval are mandatory (see Section 6 of LCR Printing Management Section, Office Systems Services 2015-4, “Annual Leave”). Gazette Welcomes Letters from Staff If it becomes necessary for the Library to cancel the leave approval because of Library The staff is invited to use the Forum pages for lively and thoughtful debate relevant to Library issues. However, just business or an illness, the affected staff member may be eligible to request that his or her as other newspaper editors exercise discretion over which forfeited leave be restored in accordance with LCR 2015-4. For a request to be considered, letters to publish and how to edit them, so do we. In decid- ing whether or how much to publish, we consider content however, the annual leave must first have been scheduled and approved in writing and then (including misstatements of fact, libel, innuendo, ridicule of individuals or the institution, personal attacks, and redun- canceled in writing prior to the date of scheduled use by the service unit head because of dancy) and length (the limit is 600 words). Library business requirements or illness of the employee. Letters must be signed by the author, whose place of work and telephone extension should be included so we can verify Staff members who expect to have leave balances exceeding 240 hours at the end of authorship. Letter writers should understand that when they sign their letters and release them to us for publication the current leave year must make arrangements now to use the excess leave and submit they are relinquishing privacy. If a letter calls for manage- ment response, for example, an explanation of a policy or a leave request before Nov. 25. Staff members may also consider donating a portion of actions or clarification of fact, we will ask for management their annual leave for use of other federal employees who are experiencing a personal or response.—Ed. family medical emergency by submitting a new donation in WebTA to avoid forfeiture. Deadline and Calendar Remember that Dec. 25 and Jan. 1 are holidays for planning purposes. Submission Information Deadline for copy for Dec. 8 issue is Wednesday, “Use or Lose” Regular Compensatory Leave Nov. 29. The Gazette will not publish on Friday Nov. 24 because of the Thanksgiving holiday. In addition, every effort shall be made to liquidate regular compensatory leave by the To promote events through the Library’s online end of the leave year. The maximum amount of regular compensatory leave an employee calendar and the Gazette Calendar, email event and contact information to [email protected]. may carry over into the new leave year is limited to 20 hours, and then only when earned in the final pay period of the leave year (see Section 5 of LCR 2013-11, “Overtime Pay”). Gazette at a glance . . . Assistive Technology 8 OIG Hot Lines Reports of offenses against the Library may be made in confidence to the Office of Notable Events 11 the Inspector General, 7-6306, by fax at 7-6032, or by sending an e-mail to OIG Hotline, oighotline@ Calendar 12 loc.gov. www.loc.gov/staff/gazette NOVEMBER 17, 2006 T he G a z ette 

Obituary

Michael Halkin Dies 1990, he transferred formally a high percentage of the team’s of his Hebraica teammates. In Michael Halkin, a valued to English III, but continued to descriptive cataloging of mono- addition, he often responded to member of the Hebraica Team, work part time as the Library’s graphs that publishers submitted questions posed by librarians Regional and Cooperative Cata- sole cataloger of Hebraic script through the Electronic Cataloging from various institutions on Heb- loging Division, who retired from serials. In 1992, with the reorga- In Publication (ECIP) Project. NACO, a Program for Cooperative the Library in 2000, died Sept. 28 nization of the Cataloging Direc- His excellent Hebrew and Yid- Cataloging listserv devoted to after a prolonged illness. torate, he joined the Regional dish language skills, along with questions about Hebraica and Halkin’s cataloging records, and Cooperative Cataloging his strong Jewish-studies back- Judaica cataloging matters. which were consistently error- Division’s Hebraica Team. ground, were the foundation After Halkin retired from free, won the respect of his col- “Michael was an extremely of his expertise as a Hebraica the Library in February 2000, he leagues and the appreciation of valued member of the Hebraica cataloger. He also cataloged moved to his hometown of Phila- his supervisors, and his good- Team, and he was one of few materials in such esoteric lan- delphia to be closer to his family. heartedness and kindness won catalogers in the Cataloging guages as Ladino, Judeo-Arabic Working online from home as a the hearts of those with whom Directorate who performed the and Syriac. His knowledge of contractor, from 2002-03, Halkin he worked. descriptive cataloging of both Western languages, including assisted the Hebraica Team in “Michael was the embodi- monographs and serials,” said Spanish, French and German, the copy-cataloging of Hebraic ment of kindness,” said Judith Lenore Bell, Hebraica Team were put to good use on both materials, and he engaged in a Cannan, who was Halkin’s super- leader. “The Serial Record the Hebraica Team and the Law retrospective catalog-conversion visor while he was a serials cata- Division appreciated his con- Team, for which he periodically project for the YIVO Institute for loger in the early 1970s. “He is the tinuing contributions to serials provided assistance. Jewish Research. only person I ever reviewed who cataloging, and the Hebraica Halkin had an almost ency- His colleagues remember him produced [nearly]perfect work. Team was fortunate to have him clopedic knowledge of Jewish for his scholarship and commit- In all the years I reviewed him, I on the team as an in-house seri- texts and traditions. He had been ment to quality cataloging as only found one error.” als expert.” an undergraduate student and well as his sense of humor and Halkin began his Library Halkin’s versatility as a class valedictorian at Yeshiva gentle spirit. Contributions in career in the Hebraic Section, cataloger required him to be University, and he had studied at his memory may be made to African and Middle Eastern Divi- skilled at working in three dif- Hebrew University in Jerusalem. the Parkinson Council, Greater sion, in 1971. After two years, he ferent cataloging systems: the Often his colleagues would seek Delaware Valley Region, P.O. took a position as a serials cata- Library’s Integrated Library his advice about obscure phrases Box 1948, Media, PA 19063 (www. loger and then began serving a System (ILS), the OCLC Online encountered in rabbinic works, philaparkinson.org). part-time detail in the Descriptive Computer Library Center (OCLC) and, most times, he could easily —Prepared by Cataloging Division’s English III and the Research Libraries Infor- identify the precise Biblical or Peter Kearney, with Section, which was responsible mation Network (RLIN), each Talmudic source. He served as contributions from for the descriptive cataloging of with its own searching and a thorough and patient trainer Sharon Horowitz. Hebraic script monographs. In inputting conventions. He did of and reviewer for a number

LCPA Annual Meeting The Library of Congress Advisory Council on Women’s Remember the Troops The Library of Congress Issues presents… David Moore, coordinator of the Professional Association will have Library of Congress Professional Asso- its annual meeting at 11:30 a.m., Discussion Forum: ciation (LCPA) Veterans Forum, is Monday, Nov. 27, in the Mumford “Recognizing Domestic collecting Christmas cards to send Room, LM 649. to soldiers who have been wounded Violence” The speaker will be Barbara in Iraq and who are being treated in Susan Diamond, Conaty talking about her work as hospitals. clinical social worker, Cascade Staff wishing to send one or more an information research officer Center here and abroad. holiday greeting cards with a personal Monday, Noon - 1 p.m., Nov. 20, message may leave them in an enve- Mary Pickford Theater, LM 301 lope on Moore’s desk, in LM G-35, or Recycling Helps Library Childcare Further questions, please contact: send them through interoffice mail Center: for more information, e-mail to [email protected] [email protected]. to Moore at mailstop 4183. Moore boxes up the cards and mails them at his own expense, so do not stamp Transit Fare Subsidy Program (Metrochek Distribution) the envelope. Moore suggests putting Makeup dates for fall-quarter distribution of Metrocheks in the Transit Fare Subsidy return addresses on the envelopes so Program are: 9 a.m. – 3 p.m., Nov. 22, LM 139 and 9 a.m. – 3 p.m., Dec. 12, LM 139. the recipients can write back.  T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

PRIZE, Continued from page 1 Harvard, Yale and Princeton undoubtedly Library curators and specialists were 20th century. The transformation he has confirms the high esteem in which he is also invited to submit nominations, all helped bring about in how we think about held. However, his actual scholarship of which were then reviewed by numer- American history and society will stand is a much more important indication of ous scholars both inside and outside as his lasting intellectual legacy.” his lifetime achievement, compared to the Library. One scholar reviewing nominations his career successes.” In October 2006 the Librarian of Con- for the Kluge Prize wrote of Franklin: gress convened a panel of distinguished “He is arguably the most important Afri- The Selection Process scholars to review a select group of nine can-American historian, and the most First awarded in 2003, the Kluge Prize finalists. Their discussion and recom- important historian of the African-Ameri- is international; the recipient may be mendations provided critical advice to can experience, in the history of the of any nationality, writing in any lan- the Librarian as he personally made the academy.” guage. The main criterion for a recipi- final selection. Remarking on Yu Ying-shih, Dr. Bil- ent is deep and sustained intellectual lington said: “Dr. Yu’s scholarship has accomplishment in the study of humanity John Hope Franklin been remarkably deep and widespread. that extends beyond narrow academic John Hope Franklin’s career is one of His impact on the study of Chinese his- disciplines. exemplary productivity and far-reaching tory, thought and culture has reached The process that led to the selection influence. His contributions range across across many disciplines, time periods of Franklin and Yu began in the spring of the genres of nonfiction writing, from and issues, examining in a profound way 2006 with solicitation of nominations from scholarly monographs to works of history major questions and deeper truths about more than 2,000 individuals worldwide: intended for a nonacademic public, to a human nature.” presidents or directors of universities, textbook, a biography, and an autobiog- A scholar reviewing Yu’s nomination colleges, and institutions of advanced raphy. Long before the “agency” of ordi- stated: “The rare distinction of having research; ambassadors; and a wide vari- nary Americans became a touchstone of been elected to full professorships at ety of eminent scholars and intellectuals. historical writing, Franklin demonstrated

Library Launches Combined Federal Campaign Gail Fineberg

Gail Fineberg Presenting the colors at the Library’s Nov. 1 rally to kick off the Opening the Library’s Agency and Charities Fair in the Madi- Combined Federal Campaign (CFC) is the U.S. Navy Armed Ser- son Hall on Nov. 7 are, from left, Bill Ayers, special assistant vices Color Guard. CFC managers appealed to keyworkers to ask to the director of Human Resources; Donald L. Scott, deputy every employee to contribute to the fund drive that supports a wide librarian of Congress; Debra Hood, loaned executive from range of activities, from feeding the homeless to fighting global the Department of Justice; and Reid Graham, agency fair warming, from aiding the arts to rebuilding libraries destroyed by chairman. Katrina. NOVEMBER 17, 2006 T he G a z ette 

that blacks were active agents in shap- established The John Hope Franklin martial spirit came to pervade Southern ing their own and the nation’s history. Center for Interdisciplinary and Interna- society and helped explain the coming His studies unearthed numerous long- tional Studies in his honor. of the Civil War. neglected yet indisputably essential parts Franklin pioneered the study of the Franklin’s next two books addressed of the American past. Taken together, African-American experience. Franklin’s key moments in American history that they make the point that no account of first book, “The Free Negro in North Caro- profoundly affected the lives of black and American history can be complete that lina,” appeared in 1943; but it remains white Americans alike. “Reconstruction does not afford a key place to the condi- the standard work on its subject and a After the Civil War” (1961) was a central tions and struggles of black Americans key reference point for those investigat- text in the overthrow of the long-domi- for full participation. More than simply ing the status of free African-Americans nant Dunning School interpretation that redressing the balance or making up for before the Civil War. At the time he wrote saw the Reconstruction era after the Civil past neglect, his books have challenged this work, historians were devoting little War as one of rampant misgovernment historians to rethink how they conceptual- or no attention to what was then called and the granting of democratic rights to ize American history as a whole. “Negro history.” Almost no scholarly the former slaves as a disastrous mistake. Franklin is an emeritus professor work existed on antebellum free blacks. Franklin advanced novel interpretations of history at Duke University. During Franklin used a wide range of primary of the period and the actors involved his 70-year academic career, Franklin materials to present an account of the that opened up new lines of inquiry for taught at a wide range of universities and challenges under which this group lived, scholarly understanding. also played an influential role with such but also showed the changes in its status Two years later, Franklin published organizations as the Fulbright Board of over time. “The Emancipation Proclamation” (1965) Foreign Scholarships (when he rallied Franklin next published in 1947 his for the centennial of Abraham Lincoln’s high-ranking Fulbright alumni abroad to landmark survey of black history, “From issuance of the document. He carefully help maintain the program in the face of Slavery to Freedom,” which has gone examined the path to emancipation major cuts), the National Council of the through numerous editions and has and offered a nuanced discussion of Humanities, and the U.S. Delegation to introduced hundreds of thousands of Lincoln’s racial views. The hallmark of UNESCO. In 2000, Duke University, with students and countless readers outside Lincoln’s presidency, Franklin argued, which he has been affiliated since 1982, academia to the African-American past. was his capacity for growth, and the It ranges widely, from Africa to modern Proclamation — previously belittled by America, and covers politics, culture, many historians — was the turning point Donated Leave economics and social life. Franklin not only in the Civil War but in Lincoln’s The following Library employees described the injustices and disabilities own maturation as a statesman. have satisfied the eligibility require- under which black Americans suffered. In the years after “The Emancipation ments of Library of Congress Regula- But, as the title itself suggests, the book Proclamation,” Franklin contributed to tion (LCR) 2015-13 to receive leave is a story of progress against heavy odds, scholarship in new ways, publishing a donations from other staff members. Participants in the voluntary leave not simply a condemnation of American biography of the pioneering African- transfer program have exhausted other racism. Although numerous surveys of American historian George Washington sources of leave during their medical black history have since been published, Williams, and collections of his own emergencies and greatly appreciate “From Slavery to Freedom” (revised many essays and those of others on the Afri- leave donations. times to take account of new scholarship) can-American past. In particular, “Black Individuals wishing to receive leave remains the best single introduction to Leaders of the Twentieth Century” (1982), or donate leave through this program the subject. a highly influential collection of essays on should contact Runako Balondemu at 7-1545. His third book, “The Militant South” modern black leaders edited by Franklin (1956), is not a history of African-Ameri- and August Meier, is still widely used in Juanita Alford Melinda cans, but a searching investigation of college classrooms. Into his 80s, Franklin Maria Carter Henderson Mary Cavallo Charles Henning white Southern culture before the Civil continued to publish new and important Donna Clark Nikesha Herbert War. In it, Franklin studied the roots of scholarship. “Runaway Slaves” (1999, Angela Dorman James Holloway Southern radicalism, and the ways a with Loren Schweninger) is, remarkably, Ann Eschete Thomas Imhoof the first full-scale study of this important Ida Eustis Albert Kohlmeier piece of antebellum history, which sheds Richard Floyd Laura Monagle No Gazette Published Nov. 24 Carol Galbraith Karen Rasmussen The Gazette will not be published on important new light on the Underground Joyce Pamela Simpson Friday, Nov. 24, because of the Thanksgiv- Railroad and the motivations and meth- Garner-Sternicki Philip J. Sipkov ing holiday on Thursday, Nov. 23. ods of those who sought to escape from Items may be sent to calendar@loc. Louis Golino Andrew Sommers slavery. Franklin and Schweninger this Albert Hamilton Janice Wallace gov for publication in the Library’s online Mary M. Hart calendar. year published “In Search of the Prom- ised Land,” a study of a slave family in  T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

the Old South. Ivy League universities (Princeton, Har- arly production can be loosely clustered Professor Franklin’s most significant vard and Yale) and the University of under three fields, each having a different recent publication is his autobiography, Michigan. He also served concurrently specialized audience: early and medieval “Mirror to America” (2005). More than as president of New Asia College, Hong Chinese history; intellectual and cultural just an account of his life’s trajectory, the Kong, and vice chancellor of Chinese history of the later imperial period (the book is a chronicle of American race rela- University of Hong Kong from 1973 to Song, 960-1279; Ming, 1368-1644; and tions during the 20th century. He assesses 1975. He spent the bulk of his academic Qing, 1644-1911 dynasties); and studies how much has changed and how far the career at Princeton, where he taught of intellectuals and intellectual problems country still must go to achieve racial from 1987 to 2001. In his early 40s, Yu in the modern period. equality. He also describes how the was elected to be a lifetime member in Yu began his scholarly career in the historical profession itself has changed. Academia Sinica, the most distinguished United States concentrating on early and His own path-breaking career and schol- academic institution in Taiwan. He was medieval Chinese history. His doctoral arship have served as a model for many recently elected a member of the Ameri- dissertation addressed the significant young historians and have opened up can Philosophical Society. transformation of the ideal of longevity questions still being discussed today. Yu’s knowledge encompasses nearly into the idea of immortality, of not dying, Franklin has been active in civil rights. the entire span of Chinese history, from a subject of sustained interest in Chinese In 1949 he served as an expert witness on early times to the present. His rich, schol- culture. This study was published as a behalf of the NAACP in Lyman Johnson v. The University of Kentucky, which suc- Flexible Savings Accounts cessfully challenged that state’s “separate but equal” policy in graduate education. Library employees may enroll in tax-saving Federal Flexible Spending Account Program In 1953 he was a member of a team of (FSAFEDS) during Open Season between now and Dec. 11. scholars and attorneys assembled by the Even if employees are enrolled in the 2006 FSAFEDS program, they must re-enroll NAACP Legal Defense and Educational to participate in 2007. Fund to research the history of the 14th A Flexible Spending Account, or FSA, allows the participant to set aside pre-tax money Amendment in preparation for the argu- for eligible health-care and dependent-care expenses. ment of Brown v. Board of Education. In Participants can save between 20 percent and 40 percent on some health-care costs 1965 he traveled with 30 other historians not covered by various Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) programs. to Alabama to join Martin Luther King Go to the Web site www.FSAFEDS.com to learn more about the FSAFEDS Program Jr. in the march from Selma to Mont- or call 877-372-3337. gomery. In 1997 President Bill Clinton FSAFEDS offers three types of FSAs: A general-purpose Health Care FSA, a Limited appointed Franklin as chairman of the Expense Health Care FSA and a Dependent Care FSA. advisory board of “One America in the 21st Century,” a national discourse on General-purpose Health Care FSA (HCFSA) pays for eligible health-care expenses not issues of race. covered by the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, the new Federal Employees Dental and Vision Insurance Program, or any other insurance. Covered expenses include Yu Ying-shih co-payments, co-insurance, deductibles, over-the-counter medicines, medical supplies, Yu Ying-shih has been described by prescription drugs, vision and dental care, even shipping and handling charges for mail- his peers as “the greatest Chinese intel- order prescriptions and eligible over-the-counter items. To learn more, visit this Web site: lectual historian of our generation” and www.fsafeds.com/fsafeds/eligibleexpenses.asp. “the most widely read contemporary historian writing in Chinese.” He has written more than 30 books, which span Limited Expense Health Care FSA (LEX HCFSA) is designed for individuals who are more than 2,000 years of history. enrolled in or covered under a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) with a Health Savings Working deeply with original texts, Account (HSA). Under IRS rules, employees cannot enroll in a general-purpose Health he has rescued the Confucian heritage Care FSA and a Health Savings Account at the same time. But they CAN enroll in a LEX from caricature and neglect and has HCFSA and an Health Savings Account at the same time. A LEX HCFSA limits coverage stimulated younger scholars to rediscover to eligible dental and vision expenses not covered by other insurance. For details, visit the richness and variety of Chinese cul- this Web site: www.fsafeds.com/fsafeds/eligibleexpenses.asp. ture after the ravages of Mao’s “cultural revolution.” Dependent Care FSA (DCFSA) pays for child-care or adult dependent-care expenses Yu is an emeritus professor of East that are necessary to allow a program participant and husband or wife to work, look for Asian studies and history at Princeton work or attend school full time. Learn who is eligible and what costs are covered at this University. During his academic career, Web site: www.fsafeds.com/fsafeds/eligibleexpenses.asp. which began in 1962, Yu taught at three NOVEMBER 17, 2006 T he G a z ette 

long article that remains a classic account thought, from the classical period prior to Three intellectuals born in the 1890s of a critical shift in religious thinking. In 231 B.C. up through the 19th century. He received special attention in books by his first book in English, he turned his showed how the dominant Qing concern Yu. In 1984 Yu wrote a reappraisal of Hu attention to the Chinese hierarchical for what Yu began to call “intellectualism” Shi (1891-1961), who started his career as view of the world that framed martial evolved out of an anti-intellectualism or a leader in pre-1919 cultural reform but and commercial expansion during the anti-rationalism that had prevailed in later was strongly criticized, in part, for Han dynasty (203 B.C. to 220 A.D.) the 16th century and earlier. In 1972 he his scholarship and conservative views. From the start Yu was recognized as published ground-breaking research on Yu provided a compelling account of a leading specialist in Han and medieval the major thinker Fang Yizhi (1611-1671). Hu’s leading role as an intellectual in history, and this recognition has con- Asked in the 1990s to write a short histori- turbulent times. In 1991 Yu published tinued throughout his career. Among cal introduction to the collected works of a retrospective assessment of Qian Mu other works, he was invited to write the Zhu Xi (1130-1200), the most influential (1895-1990), one of the leading historians Han chapter on the history of food in Confucian after Confucius himself, Yu of the previous generation. The third, China; a chapter for the first volume of read so deeply in the source material Chen Yinke (1890- 1969), was an eminent the prestigious, on going series “Cam- that he ended by writing a 600-page book 20th-century historian of the Tang period bridge History of China”; a chapter on that fundamentally reinterpreted this (617-906) and the religions of China. the development of a strong concept towering figure. Yu is known not only for his scholar- of individualism in the Wei-Jin period The third academic field in which ship but also for his sympathy for the (220-420 A.D.) for a symposium volume Yu has made impressive contributions democracy movement in mainland China on the notion of individualism in China; is modern Chinese intellectual history. and his support for young refugees from and a chapter focusing on the Han period One of Yu’s themes has been the rela- the suppression of protesters in Tianan- for the one-volume “Cambridge History tionships between intellectuals and the men Square. Despite Yu’s outspoken of Inner Asia.” In 1978 Yu was selected cultural heritage that has been attacked criticism of the Chinese Communist Party, to be a member of the first delegation of from many quarters at least since the most of his scholarly works have now American specialists on Chinese studies beginning of the May 4th Movement in been published inside Communist China, sent by the National Academy of Sciences 1919, when Chinese intellectuals, moti- including a recent 10-volume collection as part of an exchange program with the vated by resistance to the terms of the of his Chinese-language works (volumes Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Versailles Treaty, ignited a political protest 1-4 published in 2004 and volumes 5-10 The delegation comprised experts on movement that launched the cultural published in 2006 by Guangxi Normal early China, particularly the Han period, transformation in China. University.) His work is widely read and and Yu was the principal author of the discussed throughout the Chinese-speak- delegation’s report on the state of Han ing world, as much on the mainland as studies in China, published in 1981. WOMEN’S HISTORY in Hong Kong, Taiwan and other nations Yu also established himself in a DISCUSSION GROUP of East Asia. o second major area of Chinese studies, Join LC staff and patrons for a brown-bag discussion of research in women’s history and 17th- and 18th-century intellectual his- culture. Come and meet other researchers, tory. In 1970 he published an interpretive learn who at LC works in this field and share JEFFERSON SALES SHOP information about collections and access tools. article in Chinese, “A Consideration of Bring your own lunch. This Week’s Feature the History of the Qing Thought from 12:30 - 1:30 p.m., Thursday, the Perspective of the Development of Nov. 30, Room LJ G-07. Mischevious cats is one Song-Ming Confucianism.” This required Contact: [email protected] or Sheridan Harvey, 7-2273 of the many new command of the full span of Confucian 2007 Cavallini and Pomegranate calendars available in the Library 2006 Native American Heritage Month of Congress sales shop. “National Theme: One People, A Diversity of Culture” Nov. 17 — Soaring Eagle Dance Troupe, a program of dance, song and drumming. Noon, Mumford Room, LM 649, James Madison Building. Discount for Staff through the Holidays Nov. 28 — Harvey Arden, staff writer for National Geographic Magazine and co- Library and congressional staff with author of “Wisdomkeepers: Meetings with Native American Spiritual Elders,” will I.D. will receive a 20 percent present a lecture and sign copies of his book. Noon, West Dining Room, LM 621, DISCOUNT through Dec. 31 No addtional discounts will be given for already James Madison Building. reduced merchandise. Co-sponsored by the Office of Workforce Diversity and the Law Library. For additional informa- JEFFERSON SALES SHOP HOURS: tion, contact Dorothy Coley at 7-6668 or [email protected]. Request ADA accommodations five days in advance at 7-6362 or [email protected]. 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. Monday - Saturday  T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

New Technology Opens Access to Library

By GAIL FINEBERG Eric Eldritch, access program manager, The Library is testing and demon- Office of Workforce strating new technologies that enable Diversity, offers employees with disabilities to do their remarks at center jobs in spite of trouble seeing, hearing, opening. “It is important for us to typing or sitting in front of a computer develop our own for long hours. technology center These technologies make the Library to assist individuals more accessible, not only to employees with disabilities,” Eldritch said. but also to members of the public with “We worked across disabilities. service units to “By keen use of advancements in centralize these technology we can level the playing field services for the Library.” for people with disabilities to access the Library of Congress.” Those words of Jim Gallagher, director, Information Technol- ogy Services (ITS), appear at the entrance to a new Assistive Technology Demonstra- tion Center (ATDC) that opened in LM G-51 with a ceremony on Oct. 26.

“The ATDC is removing barriers to Michaela McNichol Michaela McNichol Michaela McNichol Congressional Research Service Director Daniel Mulhollan and Doug Meick demonstrates assistive technology during the Office of Workforce Diversity Director Deborah Hayes cut a center’s grand opening. “The ATCD is now the center for ribbon to open the Assistive Technology Demonstration Center on ergonomic evaluations, updated chairs and special keyboards, Oct. 26. “It is good, right, proper and just that we be right there and technologies to help people with hearing, seeing and cogni- on the development of technology to make sure people have tive disabilities,” he said. service,” Mulhollan said. NOVEMBER 17, 2006 T he G a z ette 

New Technology Opens Access to Library and a scanner can convert printed text to audible speech. Demonstrating video technology was another ITS staff member, Fred Pickering, who was born deaf. Seated before a center console in front of a Web camera, Pickering communicated in American Sign Language (ASL) with a colleague who hears. Using a videophone, he signed his message to an on-camera interpreter who then facilitated the con- versation by speaking in English and signing in ASL. The technology enables deaf people to communicate directly with one another on-camera. However, the Library is solving security concerns that must be met before this technology can be used Library-wide.

Michaela McNichol Pickering described advancements Joe Slavin, a legally blind ITS staff member, demonstrates the usefulness of screen-mag- in technologies that can help the deaf. nification software. “Before 1964, when the TTY (teletype- writer) was invented, if I wanted to con- employment, technology and research love this new technology.” tact a friend, I would have to take a bus to at the Library of Congress.” Also appear- Other new software audibly reads the friend’s house,” Pickering recalled. ing at the center entrance, these are the computer screens or enunciates charac- “With TTYs, the deaf could commu- words of Deborah Hayes, director of the ters while typing. Another device con- nicate with each other,” he said. A deaf Office of Workforce Diversity (OWD). verts text on a screen to braille on a board person could dial a friend and “talk” by Five years in the making, the Assistive that users can read with their fingers. A typing messages. Or, to contact a hearing Technology Demonstration Center is the printer can produce documents in braille, person, a deaf person could type a mes- collaborative project of ITS and OWD. Demonstrating new software that can help people with vision problems was ITS staff member Joe Slavin, who was diagnosed with the onset of glaucoma at age 28. While in graduate school, he tinkered with early DOS programs on small PCs to try to enhance screen fonts so he could see them. As the disease became progressively worse during the course of his Library employment, which began in 1978, he experimented with menu-driven options to modify the color and contrast of his PC screens and to display larger screen fonts so he could see them — barely. Today, he is legally blind, but he can see better at work with screen-magnifica- tion software that lets him magnify screen fonts by 5 to 12 times on a 19-inch-wide, high-resolution screen. “I need this to be able to do the work,”

Slavin said, demonstrating the versatility Michaela McNichol and utility of some of the latest software Fred Pickering, a deaf ITS staff member, signs his message to a videophone interpreter programs on a PC in the center. “Many who will relay it to Pickering’s friend. 10 T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

ATDC Continued from page 9 phone technology. necks or backs can ask for ergonomic sage to a TTY operator, who would relay Eric Eldritch, access program man- assessments and try out special chairs messages back and forth by speaking and ager, OWD, is recommending further and tools that can help. typing. “Now,” he said, “a videophone advancements, such as variable text- Meick also demonstrated optical operator can watch me sign and relay the messaging boards in kiosks located near character-recognition and word-predic- message by speaking or signing,” which elevator cores and flashing strobe lights tion software that can assist people with is faster and easier. to alert deaf employees and visitors to cognitive disabilities. Voice-recognition Today, deaf and hearing staff members building-evacuation alarms. software and screen-reading technology can communicate within the Library using Doug Meick, project manager for also are available. a Groupwise instant-messaging service, the center, demonstrated a host of other The ATDC is available for testing new and they can receive CENS emergency new technologies that support employ- software and hardware for accessibility messages on their computers and emer- ees throughout the Library, as well as and compatibility with LC automated gency text messages on one-way pagers visitors. systems. directly from the police. Staff with limited finger or hand Staff wishing assessments and accom- The demonstration center is testing dexterity can visit the center and try or modations should e-mail their requests to new message-delivery systems, such as borrow alternative keyboards, mice and [email protected]. They also may call 7-6362 two-way pagers and wireless text-tele- trackballs. Those with painful arms, for a center appointment. o

THUNDER, Continued from page 1 Native Americans are depicted stereo- worked as an attorney, grants evaluator the refusal to serve African-Americans typically as good fighters, warriors with and college president (Sitting Bull Col- at a Woolworth’s lunch counter in North feathers who live in teepees and hunters lege). He has served on the board of the Carolina. who gather food from the land. American Indian Higher Education Con- “Native American Heritage Month is “America has this romance with Native sortium, and in 2002 he was appointed by supposed to honor us, but it is America’s American people and the way we were,” President George W. Bush as chairman view of who we are and who we were,” he said. “They do not let us come forward of the President’s Board of Advisers on His Horse Is Thunder said. into contemporary America. They don’t Tribal Colleges and Universities. Citing sports mascots, such as the tell you about our great contributions in He recalled learning about African- Cleveland Indians and the Washington science, math, business, engineering and American history while attending a Redskins, and an image of a scantily astronomy. We charted the position of middle school in Harlem. The faculty clad Pocahontas, he said, “The images the stars 10,000 years ago. We didn’t just and administrators reflected the demogra- are distorted and not respectful. They pick food, we cultivated the land through phy of the student population, which was reinforce the idea that we are a second- science. We developed 500 varieties predominantly African-American. class people.” of potatoes, which are the staple of the “The history of many cultures and To prove his point, he mentioned world’s diet.” civilizations — not just European history images used to portray other minorities, His Horse Is Thunder personifies his — should be taught in all classrooms,” he such as Aunt Jemima on syrup labels statement that “Contemporary Native said. “At that time maybe we will truly o and the Frito Bandito character that was Americans hold diverse jobs.” He has become one culture.” used to sell corn chips. “The image of Aunt Jemima today is a beautiful, black woman. But at one time, the image was of a slave, and that’s the image that people The Humanities and Social Sciences Division offers a over a certain age still recall.” Research Orientation to the He attributed “the buying power of Hispanic people” to the company’s Library of Congress decision to stop using the Frito Bandito The Research Orientation is designed as a basic overview image. for researchers using Library collections and resources. “These images will never allow us to become part of the culture of America. An orientation sessions will be presented from 10:30 a.m. to noon on Monday, Nov. 26 in TJ G-07. These historically inaccurate images limit our self-esteem and have damaging Sessions will be conducted in Room G-07 of the Jefferson Building. We strongly recommend that researchers obtain a psychological effects,” he said, noting a Reader Identification Card in the Madison building, LM 140, prior to attending. Registration required. Call 7-3370 high suicide rate among members of the between 8:30 a.m. and 5 p.m. or sign up in person at the Computer Catalog Center, LJ 139. Sioux nation. For more information call Kathy Woodrell, 7-0945, or Abby Yochelson, 7-2138. Request ADA accommodations five business days in advance at 7-6362 (voice/TTY) or e-mail [email protected]. According to His Horse Is Thunder, NOVEMBER 17, 2006 T he G a z ette 11 Notable Events Panels to Examine Edwards to Abraham Lincoln”; Law School, State University In his talk, Smelser will go Religious Origins, Steve R. Prothero, Boston Univer- of New York, author of “The beyond contemporary radical Religious Freedom sity, author of “American Jesus: Impossibility of Religious Free- Islamic-inspired ideologies to The John W. Kluge Center How the Son of God Became a dom.” Timothy S. Shah, The cover extremist ideologies in and the American Academy of National Icon”; and Jonathan Pew Forum, presides. general, some of which combine Religion will present panel dis- D. Sarna, Brandeis University, The American Academy of to generate terrorist activities. He cussions about America’s reli- author of “American Judaism: A Religion (AAR) is the world’s will discuss several subtopics on gious origins and international History.” Catherine L. Albanese, largest association of scholars how ideologies can be a unique religious freedom from 1:30 to 6 University of California at Santa who research or teach topics mix of meaningful cultural change p.m. on Monday, Nov. 20, in the Barbara, will preside. related to religion. The 2006 and a way of assigning responsibil- Mumford Room, LM 649, Madison The second panel, “Legis- AAR Annual Meeting in Wash- ity and blame. He will also talk Building. lating International Religious ington, D.C., from Nov. 18 to 21, about themes of ambivalence in The Library staff and public Freedom,” which begins at 4 includes hundreds of forums. ideologies, the rationalization of are invited to witness the panel p.m., is co-sponsored by The The AAR neither endorses nor ideologies and the confrontation discussions, which will include Pew Forum on Religion & Public rejects any religious belief or of terrorist and counter-terrorist question-and-answer periods. Life. Participants include Tom practice. For more information, ideologies. The panel presentations are free Farr, first director of the U.S. State go to www.aarweb.org. Smelser is professor emeri- and open to the public. Department Office of Interna- Visit the Web sites of the fol- tus of sociology at University of The first panel, “Writing the tional Religious Freedom; Allen lowing organizations for more California, Berkeley. He also Story of America’s Religious Ori- D. Hertzke, University of Okla- information: The Library’s served as director of the Center gins,” which begins at 1:30 p.m., homa, author of “Freeing God’s Kluge Center, at www.loc. for Advanced Study in Behavioral is co-sponsored by the National Children: The Unlikely Alliance gov/kluge; the National His- Sciences in Stanford, Calif., from History Center. Participants for Human Rights”; Elizabeth H. tory Center at www.national- 1994 to 2001, and is considered by include Susan Jacoby, author Prodromou, Boston University, historycenter.org; and the Pew many to be one of the most highly of “Freethinkers: A History of author of forthcoming books Forum on Religion & Public Life respected sociologists of his time. American Secularism”; Mark on pluralism in Greece and in at www.pewforum.org. A significant part of his research Noll, Wheaton College, author Russia; and Winnifred Fallers * * * * * deals with collective behavior and of “America’s God: From Jonathan Sullivan, University of Buffalo Kluge Scholar to social movements. Discuss Terrorist Smelser began his academic Ideologies career in 1958 in Berkeley’s soci- ology department, and he was “Using METS and MODS to Create an XML Standards-based Sociologist Neil J. Smelser named professor emeritus in 1994. Digital Library Application” will present a lecture titled He received his bachelor’s degree 10 - 11:30 a.m.,Thursday, Nov. 16, “Why Are Terrorist Ideologies from Harvard in 1952, studied as Mumford Room, LM 649 So Powerful?” at 4 p.m. on a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford from Speakers: Wednesday, Nov. 29, in Room 1952 to 1954 and earned a Ph.D. LJ 119 of the Thomas Jefferson Morgan Cundiff, Senior Standards Specialist in sociology from Harvard in 1958. Building. Nate Trail, Digital Project Coordinator At the age of 24, he co-authored Smelser occupies the chair Network Development & MARC Standards Office “Economy and Society” with Talc- of the Countries and Cultures ott Parsons, his Harvard mentor. Morgan Cundiff and Nate Trail will describe the creation of the North in the Library’s Smelser is the author of 14 of “Library of Congress Presents: Music, Theater, and John W. Kluge Center, which books. Dance” (LCP). LCP is a second-generation digital library is sponsoring the lecture. Web application which makes available digital versions of performing arts-related materials from the Library’s collections. Data from various sources are represented and aggregated using the XML data standards emerging Ethics Briefing from the digital library community. Of special interest Standards of Conduct for Library of Congress Employees is the use of the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) to describe digital objects, and the use Presented by the Office of the General Counsel of the Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) to If you haven’t yet taken this mandatory class, please attend the express bibliographic data. The application is built entirely upcoming session. The class needs to be taken only once. using open-source software, including the XML publishing 10 - 11 a.m., Friday Dec. 1, Mumford Room, LM 649 framework Cocoon and the search engine Lucene. Register online through the Online Learning Center (formerly For more information about this program, contact Angela Kinney, anki@loc. LC Learning Gateway) or by calling the OGC at 7-6916. You may gov and Judith Cannan, [email protected]. also register at the door. Request ADA accommodations five days Request ADA accommodations five business days in advance at 7-6362 (voice/TTY) or email [email protected]. in advance at 7-6362, [email protected]. 12 T he G a z ette NOVEMBER 17, 2006

CALENDAR

Friday, Nov. 17 College Conservatory of Music, Film: Jazz & Rock: “The New members encouraged Aerobic Class: Strength musicologist Christopher H. T.A.M.I. Show.” 7 p.m., Mary for the Library’s Christmas training and floor exercise. Gibbs and Dana Gooley, Liszt Pickford Theater, LM 301. celebration. Noon, Mary Noon – 12:30 p.m., LC scholar at Brown University. 3 Pickford Theater, LM 301. Wellness Center, LA B-36. p.m., Whittall Pavilion. Tuesday, Nov. 21 Contact Gerald Hatfield at 7-5623. Israeli Film Series: Duki Concert: Pianists Melvin Aerobic Class: High-Low. Dror, director of “The Journey Chen and Jeremy Denk and Noon – 12:30 p.m., LC Forum: Bible study. Open to of Vaan Nguyen,” discusses cellist Robert Martin perform Wellness Center, LA B-36. all. Noon - 1 p.m., LM 613. and show clips from his film. music from the Bard Festival, Film: National Film Registry: Aerobics Class: Strength Noon, Mary Pickford Theater, with members from the Bard “The Rise and Fall of Legs training and floor exercise. LM 301. Contact Gail Shirazi College Conservatory of Music, Diamond.” 7 p.m., Mary 12:30 – 1 p.m., LC Wellness at 7-9897. 8 p.m., Coolidge Auditorium. Pickford Theater, LM 301. Center, LA B-36. Contact 7-5502. Native American Heritage Yoga/Pilates: Start at your Wed., Nov. 22 Month: The Soaring Eagle Monday, Nov. 20 own level. 1 p.m., LM SB-02. Dance Troupe performs Metrochek: Makeup. 9 a.m. Tai Chi Class: Beginning level traditional dance, drumming – 3 p.m. LM 139. Thursday, Nov. 23 1. 11:30 a.m., LC Wellness and song. Noon, Mumford Center, LA B-36. Training Session: Learn Thanksgiving Day Holiday: Room, LM 649. Contact about RSS feeds. 10:30 All Library buildings are Bellydance Class: Beginners, Dorothy Coley at 7-6668. a.m. – Noon and 1 – 2:30 closed in observance of the with exercise emphasis. 12:45 Film: National Film Registry: p.m., National Digital Library federal Thanksgiving Day p.m., LC Wellness Center, LA “Foxes.” 7 p.m., Mary holiday. B-36. Learning Center. Contact Pickford Theater, LM 301. 7-4751, [email protected]. Yoga/Pilates: Start at your own Friday, Nov. 24 Tai Chi Class: Beginning Saturday, Nov. 18 level. 1 p.m., LM SB-02. Health Clinic: Last day for flu level 2. 11:30 a.m., LC immunization. 9 – 11:30 a.m. Symposium: The Music Kluge Center: Two panel Wellness Center, LA B-36. Division presents “Franz discussions on religion and and 1 – 4 p.m., Madison Hall. Liszt and His World: The public life, “Writing the Story of Bloomsday Camerata: Contact 7-8035. War of the Romantics,” with America’s Religious Origins” Reading through “Ulysses.” Aerobic Class: Strength speakers Robert Martin, and “Legislating International 11:30 a.m., Dewey training and floor exercise. Bard College vice president Religious Freedom.” 1:30 p.m, Conference Room, LM 507. Noon – 12:30 p.m., LC and director of the Bard Mumford Room, LM 649. LC Chorale Rehearsal: Wellness Center, LA B-36.

Length of Service

September 2006 30 Years: ist; Cynthia L. Elder, library technician; John J. Connell Jr., librarian (cata- Michael L. Koempel, social science 40 Years: loger); Oliver C. Harwell Jr. information analyst; Harold M. Leich, librarian; Rosa B. Dobson, accountant; Robert technology specialist; Johnny L. Lee, Angela F. Lewis, digital computer opera- M. Hiatt, librarian; Virginia L. Kass, library technician; Regina R. Reynolds, tor; Khoach Nguyen, information tech- physical security specialist; Mary B. supervisory librarian (cataloger); David nology specialist; Rhonda L. Prather, Levering, director, Integrated Support F. Sommerfield, librarian (cataloger); Services; and Charles E. Sutton, infor- and Richard R. Yarnell, supervisory information technology specialist; M.L. mation technology specialist. librarian. Ricciardi, librarian (cataloging); and Duane E. Thompson, inventory man- 35 Years: 25 Years: agement specialist. Thelma I. Brown, administrative Donald J. Frye, motion picture spe- officer; Robert J. Burnette, motor vehi- cialist; Kenneth R. Keeler, supervisory 10 Years: cle operator; Emmit P. Jones, deposit criminal investigator; Rocita M. Lawson, Wayne D. Byrd, mail clerk; Trina J. copies storage clerk; Judith L. Krone, library technician; Afaf S. McGowan, Gibson, library technician; Yasmeen R. supervisory librarian (cataloger); Otis librarian (acquisition); Donna Porter, Khan, conservator; Marcus J. Martin, R. McClees Jr., copyright examiner; biological science analyst; and Jozef J. Wayne C. Riddle, supervisory con- Topolski, photographer (still). library technician (copyright); James gressional research specialist; Joseph D. Monke, economist; Kimberly L. J. Schwarz, librarian (research spe- 20 Years: Owens, archives technician; Hans C. cialist); and Sharon G. Wilk, librarian Sherry Angwafo, auditor; Richard Wang, librarian; and Ishmael Wilson, (cataloging). A. Davis, information technology special- staff assistant.

Request ADA accommodations five business days in advance at (202) 707-6362 or [email protected]