Lepidoptera of Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, 1999- 2011
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LEPIDOPTERA OF DRY ISLAND BUFFALO JUMP PROVINCIAL PARK, 1999- 2011 Charles Durham Bird, 8 March 2012 Box 22, Erskine, AB, T0C 1G0 [email protected] No major collections were made in the area in 2010 and 2011. The present report includes the results of the 4 July 2010 and 10 July 2011 Annual Butterfly Counts as well as a number of redeterminations. It also follows the up-to-date order and taxonomy of Pohl et al. (2010), rather than that of Hodges et al. (1983). THE AREA Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park looking east from the escarpment, July 8, 2001. Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, established in 1970, is located on the Red Deer River, 25 km northeast of Trochu. It is 15 km east of Highway 21. The area is so-named because of a flat-topped mesa, or “dry island” which rises some 200 metres above the river. On the west side of the Park, there is a precipitous cliff over which buffalo were stampeded by Indians. Ecologically, the Park is made up of badland terrain, grassy flats, shrub (saskatoon, chokecherry, silver willow, buckbrush) thickets, deciduous (aspen) woodland and riverine (balsam poplar) forest. An ecological survey of the Park by Kondla & Smith (1972) came up with an impressive 148 species of birds, 25 of mammals, and 225 of flowering plants. Later studies by Wallis (1977), Nordstrom and Wilkinson (1980), Campbell (1983) and Lohr (1993) have added to these totals. 2 The present report incorporates all information in the earlier reports (Bird 2002-2008) as well as making a few corrections and adding new information based on studies carried out in 2008. Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park BACKGROUND Provincial Parks and other areas where natural vegetation is protected are of great value as the flora and fauna present in them is typical of what was in Alberta before widespread agricultural activities replaced them with flora and fauna that was much reduced in numbers and made up of species that were associated with cultivated grains and hay crops. As a result, many of Alberta “rare and endangered” species are now found only in, or mainly in, such protected areas. The present author, a member of the Alberta Lepidopterist’s Guild, the purpose of which is to encourage study of Alberta’s moths and butterflies, is retired and living in Erskine, Alberta. He has long been interested in the natural flora and fauna of the province. In the spring of 2000, he commenced an examination of the moths of south-central Alberta, the purpose of which was to document the species present in various natural areas. He has led annual Butterfly counts at Dry Island on 2 Jul 1999, 11 Jul 2000, 8 Jul 2001, 7 Jul 2002, 6 Jul 2003, 11 July 2004, 19 July 2005, 16 July 2006, 8 July 2007, 6 July 2008, 5 July 2009, 4 July 2010 and 10 July 2011. 3 Participants in the July 6, 2008 Butterfly Count The Park was visited five times during 2001: June 8, June 20, July 8, August 8 and September 1. On the first two and the last two visits, ultraviolet light traps were run overnight in badland terrain. On the last two visits, moths were collected at a mercury vapor light and sheet set up in riverine forest. Research was carried out five times in the Park in 2002: June 4, June 27, July 7, August 21 and September 10. The coordinates that cover the studied sites are 51.93, 112.97. The results of studies made in earlier years are in Bird (2002-2008, 2003 and 2004). In 2003, light traps were set up in the same location on May 21 and July 12. On June 25, 2003, traps were set up in Section 26, a separate part of the Park, located about two miles south of the main Park area (51.86, 113/01) and mainly on the escarpment on the east side of the Red Deer River valley. The area was studied 7 times in 2004: May 30, June 19, July 11 and 18, August 15 and 28, and September 24. In 2005: the area was studied 5 times: April 24, June 21, July 10, August 2 and 28. In 2006 the area was studied 6 times: 16 May, 12, June, 9 and 16 July, and 6 and 27 August. In 2007 the area was studied 3 times: 30 May, and 4 and 8 July. From 2008 to 2011 the area was studied only on Butterfly Count Days. The Appendix gives details of each study day. 4 Looking ESE from the escarpment north of the “Dry Island”, June 19, 2004. SPECIES RANKINGS Due to a lack of sufficient information, rankings of the moths of Alberta have been difficult to make. For this reason, it is important that baseline studies, such as the present, be carried out. The provincial butterflies have, on the other hand, been ranked and it is of interest that Icaricia shasta and I. acmon have been found in the Park. SPECIMEN DISPOSITION All specimens collected by the writer presently reside in his collection but most will eventually go to the University of Alberta Strickland Museum (UASM), and some will be deposited in the Canadian National Collection (CNC) in Ottawa and the Northern Forest Research Centre (NFRC) in Edmonton. All specimens have been databased and the information on verified material can be viewed at http://www.entomology.ualberta.ca/searching.php . CHECKLIST Pohl et al (2010) have put together an up-to-date annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. They include 2367 species, many more than those mentioned by Bowman (1951). This list incorporates recent changes in taxonomy of all groups according to various literature sources, including those listed for the Noctuoidea by Lafontaine & Schmidt (2010). In previous reports, the order and terminology, were that of the “Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico” (1983) edited by R.W. Hodges. The species order and taxonomy in this report is that of Pohl et al (2010) followed by that in Hodges (1983). Common names are mentioned in those cases where such names are known. While most of the larger or macromoths are relatively well known, the same cannot be said for many of the smaller or micromoths. Identifications, especially of the latter, can be 5 difficult or are at present impossible, until such time as revisionary studies are made. Also, genitalic dissection and examination is necessary for positive identification in some groups. For these reasons, some of the determinations should be regarded as tentative. The scientific names of the species are followed by the day-month-year of the collection and the number of individuals mounted; an “SR” indicates a sight record. Kenneth Bowman’s (1951) list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta presents all species known at that time and gives the distribution of each according to 21 Areas. His Areas 5, 8 and 10 essentially cover all of south-central Alberta, with the study area being in Area 5. Most of Bowman’s records are from Area 10, which includes Edmonton, so most of the species found in the following list would be additions to his Area 5. HEPIALIDAE – Ghost Moths and Swifts 5. Gazoryctra novigannus (B. & Benj.) (29. Gazoryctra novigannus (B. & Benj.)) – 1-IX-2001 1, 10- IX-2002 1, 28-VIII-2004 1, 24-IX-2004 1 and 28A-VIII-2005 1. 8. Sthenopis purpurascens (Pack.) (19. Sthenopis purpurascens (Pack.)) (Large Ghost Moth) – 10- VII-2005 1. ADELIDAE – Adelid Moths Adelidae, Adelinae Cauchas sp. ( Adela sp.) – 12-VI-2006 1. Greg Pohl sent an image (see above) of this specimen (BIRD18821) to Dr. Ron Davis. Davis was unable to name it and it is possible that the specimen belongs to an undescribed species. Two species are known for Alberta, cockerelli and simpliciella . Greg says that is neither of them. The specimen is now at NFRC. The moth was collected during the day (diurnal) with a net as it was flying over Juniperus communis on a south-facing slope. TINEIDAE – Clothes Moths and others Tineidae, Tineinae 44. Tinea irrepta Braun (399. Tinea irrepta Braun) – 25B-VI-2003 3, 12A-VII-2003 1, 19-VI-2004 2, 18-VII-2004 1, 21-V-2005 2, 2A-VIII-2005 4 and 2B-VIII-2005 3. 6 51. Monopis spilotella (Teng.) (421. Monopis spilotella (Tengström)) – 6A-VIII-2006 1 and 4B-VII- 2007 1. ACROLOPHIDAE – Tube Moths 54. Amydria effrentella Clem. (334. Amydria effrentella Clem.) – 21-VIII-2002 1, 10-IX-2002 4, 18- VII-2004 1, 15-VIII-2004 1 and 27A-VIII-2006 1. BUCCULATRICIDAE – Bucculatricid Moths Bucculatrix sp. – 25-VI-2003 1. This is probably Bucculatrix canadensisella Cham. GRACILLARIIDAE – Gracillariid Moths Gracillariidae, Gracillariinae Gracillariidae indet. - 30A-V-2007 1. Caloptilia spp. – 8-VI-2001 1 and 20-VI-2001 4. 66. Caloptilia alnivorella (Cham.) (587. Caloptilia alnivorella (Cham.)) (Alder Leafminer) – 24-IX- 2004 1 and 16B-V-2006 1. 67. Caloptilia anthobaphes (Meyr.) (589. Caloptilia anthobaphes (Meyr.)) – 19-VI-2004 1. 73. Caloptilia invariabilis (Braun) (609. Caloptilia invariabilis (Braun)) (Cherry Leaf-cone Caterpillar) – 16A-V-2006 1 and 16B-VI-2006 2. Originally determined as Caloptilia betulivora McD. The specimens are probably C. invariabilis (Pohl et al. 2010). Not in Pohl et al. (Sp. nr. 595. Caloptilia bimaculatella (Ely)) – 8-VIII-2001 1. 76. Caloptilia stigmatella (F.) (639. Caloptilia stigmatella (F.)) – 8-VI-2001 1 and 6A-VIII-2006 1. 82. Parornix conspicuella (Dietz) (669. Parornix conspicuella (Dietz)) – 19-VI-2004 3, 21-VI-2005 2, 12C-V-2006 1 and 16A-V-2006 (1), 30C-V-2007 2 and 4B-VII-2007 1.