Demographic Characteristics, Trends, and Projections for Texas and the Rio Grande Valley

UTRGV Legislative Internship Program February 22, 2019

@TexasDemography Produce, interpret, and disseminate demographic information to facilitate data driven decision making for the benefit of Texans. 3 Total Estimated Population by County, Texas, 2017

Dallam Sherman OchiltreeLipscomb Hansford Hartley HutchinsonRobertsHemphill Moore

Oldham PotterCarsonGrayWheeler

Deaf SmithRandall DonleyCollingsworth Armstrong ParmerCastro Briscoe HallChildress Swisher Hardeman BaileyLamb Hale FloydMotleyCottle Wilbarger Foard Wichita Clay Grayson LamarRed River CochranHockley Fannin Crosby King Knox BaylorArcher MontagueCooke Bowie Lubbock Dickens DeltaFranklin Titus Jack Wise DentonCollin Hopkins YoakumTerry Lynn Garza Kent Haskell Young Hunt MorrisCass Stonewall Throckmorton RockwallRainsWood Marion Upshur Gaines BordenScurryFisher Jones Stephens Parker Dallas Harrison Dawson Shackelford Palo Pinto Tar ran t KaufmanVan Zandt HoodJohnson SmithGregg Andrews Martin Mitchell Eastland Ellis Nolan Tay l or ErathSomervell Henderson Panola Howard Callahan Rusk Hill Navarro El Paso LovingWinklerEctorMidland Coke Comanche Bosque AndersonCherokee Shelby Sterling ColemanBrown Freestone Glasscock Runnels Hamilton NacogdochesSan Augustine Hudspeth McLennanLimestone Culberson Ward Mills Sabine Crane Tom Green Coryell Reeves UptonReagan Concho Leon Houston Angelina Irion Lampasas Falls McCullochSan Saba Trinity Bell RobertsonMadison Schleicher Polk JasperNewton Pecos Menard Burnet Milam Walker Jeff Davis Crockett Mason Llano Brazos Tyler Williamson Grimes San Jacinto Burleson Hardin Sutton Kimble Montgomery Gillespie Travis Lee Terrell Blanco Liberty Orange Bastrop WashingtonWaller Presidio Edwards Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Val Verde Comal Caldwell Brewster Real Bandera Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Bexar GonzalesLavaca Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Wharton Wilson Brazoria 134 - 10,000 DeWitt Jackson Zavala Frio AtascosaKarnes Victoria Matagorda Maverick Goliad McMullen 10,001 - 50,000 Bee Calhoun Dimmit La Salle Live Oak Refugio

San PatricioAransas 50,001 - 100,000 Jim Wells Webb Duval Nueces 100,001 - 500,000 Kleberg Jim Hogg Brooks 500,001 - 4,652,980 Zapata Kenedy Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Vintage Population Estimates Estimated Population Change, Texas Counties, 2010 to 2017

Dallam Sherman OchiltreeLipscomb Hansford Hartley Moore RobertsHemphill 91 counties lost population Hutchinson Oldham PotterCarsonGrayWheeler over the 7 year period. Deaf SmithRandall DonleyCollingsworth Armstrong ParmerCastro Briscoe HallChildress Swisher Hardeman BaileyLamb Hale FloydMotleyCottle Wilbarger Foard Wichita Clay Grayson LamarRed River CochranHockley Montague Fannin Crosby King Knox BaylorArcher Cooke Bowie Lubbock Dickens DeltaFranklin Titus Jack Wise DentonCollin Hopkins YoakumTe rr y Lynn Garza Kent Haskell Yo ung Hunt MorrisCass Stonewall Throckmorton RockwallRainsWood Marion Upshur Gaines BordenScurryFisher Jones Stephens Parker Dallas Harrison Dawson Shackelford Palo Pinto Ta rr an t KaufmanVan Zandt HoodJohnson SmithGregg Andrews Martin Eastland Ellis MitchellNolan Ta y l or ErathSomervell Henderson Panola Howard Callahan Rusk Hill Navarro El Paso LovingWinklerEctorMidland Coke Comanche Bosque AndersonCherokee Shelby Sterling ColemanBrown Freestone Glasscock Runnels Hamilton NacogdochesSan Augustine Hudspeth McLennanLimestone Culberson Ward Mills Sabine Crane Tom Green Coryell Reeves UptonReagan Concho Leon Houston Angelina Irion Lampasas Falls McCullochSan Saba Trinity Bell RobertsonMadison Schleicher Polk JasperNewton Pecos Menard Burnet Milam Walker Tyler Jeff Davis Crockett Mason Llano Brazos Williamson Grimes San Jacinto Burleson Hardin Sutton Kimble Montgomery Gillespie Travis Lee Te rr el l Blanco Liberty Orange Bastrop WashingtonWaller Presidio Edwards Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Val Verde Comal Caldwell Brewster Real Bandera Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Bexar GonzalesLavaca Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Zavala Frio AtascosaKarnes Victoria Matagorda -2,139 - 0 Maverick Goliad McMullen Bee Calhoun Dimmit La Salle Live Oak Refugio

1 - 1,000 San PatricioAransas Jim Wells Webb Duval Nueces 1,001 - 20,000 Kleberg Jim Hogg Brooks 20,001 - 100,000 Zapata Kenedy

Starr Willacy 100,001 - 560,521 Hidalgo Cameron

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2016 Vintage Population Estimates 5 Estimated Percent Change of the Total Population by County, Texas, 2010 to 2017

Dallam Sherman OchiltreeLipscomb Hansford

Hartley Moore RobertsHemphill Hutchinson

Oldham Potter Carson Gray Wheeler

Deaf SmithRandall DonleyCollingsworth Armstrong

ParmerCastro Briscoe HallChildress Swisher Hardeman Bailey Lamb Hale Floyd Motley Cottle Wilbarger Foard Wichita Clay Grayson LamarRed River CochranHockley Crosby Archer MontagueCooke Fannin DickensKing Knox Baylor Bowie Lubbock DeltaFranklin Titus Jack Wise Denton Collin Hopkins YoakumTerry Lynn Garza Kent Haskell Young Hunt MorrisCass Stonewall Throckmorton Camp Rockwall Rains Marion WoodUpshur Gaines DawsonBordenScurry Fisher Jones Stephens ParkerTarra nt Dallas Shackelford Palo Pinto KaufmanVan Zandt GreggHarrison Hood Smith Johnson Ellis Andrews Martin MitchellNolan Taylo r Eastland ErathSomervell Henderson Rusk Panola Howard Callahan Navarro Hill El Paso Glasscock Comanche Bosque Cherokee Shelby LovingWinkler Ector Midland Sterling Coke Anderson RunnelsColemanBrown Hamilton Freestone Nacogdoches Hudspeth Culberson Ward McLennanLimestone San Augustine Crane Mills Sabine UptonReagan Tom Green Coryell Leon Houston Angelina Reeves Irion Concho Falls McCullochSan SabaLampasas Trinity Bell RobertsonMadison Burnet Schleicher Polk TylerJasperNewton Jeff Davis Pecos Menard Milam Walker Crockett Mason Llano Williamson Brazos Grimes San Jacinto Sutton Kimble Burleson Montgomery Hardin Gillespie Travis Lee Terrell Blanco Orange Presidio Hays Bastrop Waller Liberty Edwards Kerr Kendall Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Val Verde Comal Caldwell Chambers Brewster Real Bandera Colorado Guadalupe Fort Bend Bexar GonzalesLavaca Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Atascosa Karnes Zavala Frio Victoria Matagorda -33.5% - 0% Maverick Goliad McMullen Dimmit Bee Calhoun 0.1% - 6% La Salle Live Oak Refugio San PatricioAransas Jim Wells Webb 6.1% - 12% Duval Nueces Kleberg Jim Hogg Brooks 12.1% - 24% Zapata Kenedy

Starr Willacy 24.1% - 63.4% Hidalgo Cameron 6 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Vintage Population Estimates Largest U.S. Cities, 2017

Census Rank Place 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2010 1 New York, NY 8,175,133 8,292,688 8,383,504 8,458,642 8,521,135 8,582,459 8,615,426 8,622,698

2 Los Angeles, CA 3,792,621 3,824,592 3,859,267 3,891,783 3,922,668 3,953,459 3,981,116 3,999,759

3 Chicago, IL 2,695,598 2,706,670 2,717,989 2,724,482 2,726,533 2,725,154 2,720,275 2,716,450

4 Houston, TX 2,099,451 2,125,450 2,159,824 2,198,244 2,238,795 2,282,235 2,304,482 2,312,717

5 Phoenix, AZ 1,445,632 1,467,519 1,495,880 1,521,182 1,547,729 1,575,039 1,602,042 1,626,078

6 Philadelphia, PA 1,526,006 1,539,649 1,551,944 1,558,109 1,564,042 1,570,507 1,574,765 1,580,863

7 San Antonio, TX 1,327,407 1,357,900 1,383,505 1,408,910 1,435,554 1,464,147 1,487,738 1,511,946

8 San Diego, CA 1,307,402 1,320,638 1,338,975 1,358,207 1,379,123 1,391,040 1,406,682 1,419,516

9 Dallas, TX 1,197,816 1,218,631 1,242,035 1,258,932 1,278,504 1,299,793 1,322,140 1,341,075

10 San Jose, CA 945,942 971,352 985,722 1,003,735 1,016,708 1,027,560 1,031,942 1,035,317

11 Austin, TX 790,390 828,700 854,350 874,910 900,621 919,974 938,200 950,715

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Vintage Population Estimates 15 Fastest‐Growing Large Cities and Towns between 2016 and 2017 (Populations of 50,000 or more in 2016)

Percent Rank City State increase 2017 total population 1 Frisco TX 8.2 177,286 2 New Braunfels TX 8.0 79,152 3 Pflugerville TX 6.5 63,359 4 Ankeny IA 6.4 62,416 5 Buckeye AZ 5.9 68,453 6 Georgetown TX 5.4 70,685 7 Castle Rock town CO 5.1 62,276 8 Franklin TN 4.9 78,321 9 McKinney TX 4.8 181,330 10 Meridian ID 4.7 99,926 11 Flower Mound town TX 4.3 76,681 12 Bend OR 4.3 94,520 13 Cedar Park TX 4.2 75,704 14 Doral FL 4.2 61,130 15 Fort Myers FL 4.2 79,94 8 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Vintage Population Estimates Top Counties for Numeric Growth in Texas, 2016‐2017

Percent of Percent Change U.S. Rank Population Change from Percent Change from County Population Change Natural from Domestic International Change Increase Migration Migration Harris* 4 35,939 128.8% ‐126.0% 97.2% Tarrant 5 32,729 47.9% 29.0% 23.1% Bexar 7 30,831 47.8% 33.4% 18.8% Dallas 8 30,686 78.0% ‐25.5% 47.6% Denton 9 27,911 23.3% 67.0% 9.7% Collin 10 27,150 24.4% 56.5% 19.0% Fort Bend 14 22,870 29.4% 48.1% 22.6% Travis 15 22,116 47.9% 22.1% 30.0% Williamson 19 19,776 20.1% 73.5% 6.3% Montgomery 28 16,412 22.7% 68.5% 8.8% Hidalgo* 49 10,474 105.9% ‐34.5% 28.5%

*Hidalgo and Harris Counties had negative net migration (Harris ‐10,322 and Hidalgo ‐621). Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Vintage Population Estimates Racial/Ethnic, Age, and Gender Diversity in Texas Texas Racial and Ethnic Composition, 2000, 2010, and 2017

2000

2010

Hispanic, 32%

NH White, 2017 53% Hispanic, 38% NH White, 45% NH Other, NH Black, 1% 11% Hispanic White, NH NH Asian, 39% 42% 3% NH Other, NH Black, 2% 12% NH Asian, 4% Two or Black, NH More Races, 12% NH Asian, NH 1% 5%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau. 2000, 2010 Decennial Census and 2017 Population Estimates 11 Percent Foreign Born, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Lipscomb Hansford Ochiltree Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill Hutchinson Oldham Carson Gray Wheeler Potter Deaf Randall Donley Smith Armstrong Collingsworth Parmer Castro Swisher Hall Childress Briscoe Hardeman Floyd Cottle Bailey Hale Wilbarger Lamb Motley Foard Wichita Clay Fannin Hockley King Knox Cooke Lamar Red Crosby Dickens Baylor Archer Delta River Bowie Cochran Montague Grayson Lubbock Throckmorton Titus Kent Jack Collin Hopkins Cass Terry Lynn Garza Wise Denton Yoak um Stonewall Haskell Young Hunt FranklinMorris Tarrant Rains Dawson Scurry Shackelford Palo Rockwall Wood Marion Gaines Jones Parker Borden Stephens Pinto Dallas Van Upshur Fisher Harrison Hood Johnson Zandt SmithGregg Howard Eastland Kaufman Rusk Panola Andrews Mitchell Taylor Ellis Martin Erath Somervell Henderson Nolan Callahan Navarro Cherokee Ector Glasscock Coke Comanche Hill El Paso Loving Bosque Anderson Shelby Midland Sterling Winkler Coleman Hamilton Limestone Freestone Nacogdoches Crane Reagan Runnels Hudspeth Culberson Ward Brown San Augustine Mills McLennan Houston Reeves Upton Coryell Leon Sabine Irion Tom Concho San Falls Angelina Green Saba Lampasas Trinity McCulloch Bell Madison Robertson Tyler Newton Schleicher Burnet Walker Polk Jeff Davis Pecos Menard Milam Brazos Crockett Mason Llano Jasper Williamson Burleson Grimes San Jacinto Kimble Sutton Gillespie Hardin Travis Lee Montgomery 0% - 5% Terrell Blanco Washington Orange Presidio Edwards Bastrop Waller Liberty Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Brewster Val Verde Real Comal Bandera Caldwell Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Galveston Gonzales Lavaca 6% - 10% Kinney Uvalde Medina Bexar Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Karnes Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Victoria Matagorda Goliad McMullen Calhoun 11% - 15% Live Dimmit La Bee Refugio Salle Oak San Aransas Jim Wells Patricio Webb 16% - 25% Duval Nueces Kleberg

Jim Brooks 26% - 39% Zapata Hogg Kenedy Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 12 Percent Hispanic Population, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Lipscomb Hansford Ochiltree Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill Hutchinson Oldham Carson Gray Wheeler Potter Deaf Randall Donley Smith Armstrong Collingsworth Parmer Castro Swisher Hall Childress Briscoe Hardeman Floyd Cottle Bailey Hale Wilbarger Lamb Motley Foard Wichita Clay Fannin Hockley King Knox Cooke Lamar Red Crosby Dickens Baylor Archer Delta River Bowie Cochran Montague Grayson Lubbock Throckmorton Titus Kent Jack Collin Hopkins Cass Terry Lynn Garza Wise Denton Yoakum Stonewall Haskell Young Hunt FranklinMorris Tarrant Rains Dawson Scurry Shackelford Palo Rockwall Wood Marion Gaines Jones Parker Borden Stephens Pinto Dallas Van Upshur Fisher Harrison Hood Johnson Zandt SmithGregg Howard Eastland Kaufman Rusk Panola Andrews Mitchell Taylor Ellis Martin Erath Somervell Henderson Nolan Callahan Navarro Cherokee Ector Glasscock Coke Comanche Hill El Paso Loving Bosque Anderson Shelby Midland Sterling Winkler Coleman Hamilton Limestone Freestone Nacogdoches Crane Reagan Runnels Hudspeth Culberson Ward Brown San Augustine Mills McLennan Houston Reeves Upton Coryell Leon Sabine Irion Tom Concho San Falls Angelina Green Saba Lampasas Trinity McCulloch Bell Madison Robertson Tyler Newton Schleicher Burnet Walker Polk Jeff Davis Pecos Menard Milam Brazos Crockett Mason Llano Jasper Williamson Burleson Grimes San Jacinto Kimble Sutton Gillespie Hardin Travis Lee Montgomery Terrel l Blanco Washington Orange Presidio Edwards Bastrop Waller Liberty Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Brewster Val Verde Real Comal Bandera Caldwell Chambers 4% - 15% Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Galveston Gonzales Lavaca Kinney Uvalde Medina Bexar Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Karnes 16% - 30% Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Victoria Matagorda Goliad McMullen Calhoun Live Dimmit La Bee Refugio Salle Oak 31% - 50% San Aransas Jim Wells Patricio Webb Duval Nueces 51% - 70% Kleberg Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy

71% - 99% Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 13 Percent Asian Population, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Lipscomb Hansford Ochiltree Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill Hutchinson Oldham Carson Gray Wheeler Potter Deaf Randall Donley Smith Armstrong Collingsworth Parmer Castro Swisher Hall Childress Briscoe Hardeman Floyd Cottle Bailey Hale Wilbarger Lamb Motley Foard Wichita Clay Fannin Hockley King Knox Cooke Lamar Red Crosby Dickens Baylor Archer River Montague Delta Bowie Cochran Grayson Lubbock Throckmorton Titus Kent Jack Collin Hopkins Cass Terry Lynn Garza Wise Denton Yoakum Stonewall Haskell Young Hunt FranklinMorris Tarrant Rains Dawson Scurry Shackelford Palo Rockwall Wood Marion Gaines Jones Parker Borden Stephens Pinto Dallas Van Upshur Fisher Harrison Hood Johnson Zandt SmithGregg Howard Eastland Kaufman Rusk Panola Andrews Mitchell Taylor Ellis Martin Erath Somervell Henderson Nolan Callahan Navarro Cherokee Ector Glasscock Coke Comanche Hill El Paso Loving Bosque Anderson Shelby Midland Sterling Winkler Coleman Hamilton Limestone Freestone Nacogdoches Crane Reagan Runnels Hudspeth Culberson Ward Brown San Augustine Mills McLennan Houston Reeves Upton Coryell Leon Sabine Irion Tom Concho San Falls Angelina Green Saba Lampasas Trinity McCulloch Bell Robertson Madison Tyler Newton Schleicher Burnet Walker Polk Jeff Davis Pecos Menard Milam Brazos Crockett Mason Llano Jasper Williamson Burleson Grimes San Jacinto Kimble Sutton Gillespie Hardin 0% - 1% Travis Lee Montgomery Terrell Blanco Washington Orange Presidio Edwards Bastrop Waller Liberty Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Brewster Val Verde Real Comal Bandera Caldwell Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Galveston 2% Gonzales Lavaca Kinney Uvalde Medina Bexar Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Karnes Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Victoria Matagorda Goliad 3% - 4% McMullen Calhoun Live Dimmit La Bee Refugio Salle Oak San Aransas Jim Wells Patricio Webb 5% - 8% Duval Nueces Kleberg

Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy 9% - 19% Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 14 Population Pyramid for White Non‐Hispanics in Texas, 2017

85 years and over 80 to 84 years 75 to 79 years 70 to 74 years 65 to 69 years 60 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 50 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 40 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 30 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 20 to 24 years 15 to 19 years 10 to 14 years 5 to 9 years Under 5 years

‐500000 ‐400000 ‐300000 ‐200000 ‐100000 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000

White‐NH Male White‐NH Female

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Population Estimates 15 Population Pyramid for Hispanics in Texas, 2017

85 years and over 80 to 84 years 75 to 79 years 70 to 74 years 65 to 69 years 60 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 50 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 40 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 30 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 20 to 24 years 15 to 19 years 10 to 14 years 5 to 9 years Under 5 years

‐600000 ‐400000 ‐200000 0 200000 400000 600000

Hispanic Male Hispanic Female

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Population Estimates 16 Texas Population Pyramid by Race/Ethnicity, 2017

85 years and over 80 to 84 years 75 to 79 years 70 to 74 years 65 to 69 years 60 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 50 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 40 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 30 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 20 to 24 years 15 to 19 years 10 to 14 years 5 to 9 years Under 5 years

‐1500000 ‐1000000 ‐500000 0 500000 1000000 1500000

Asian‐NH Male Black‐NH Male White‐NH Male Hispanic Male Asian‐NH Female Black‐NH Female White‐NH Female Hispanic Female Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 Population Estimates 17 Annual Shares of Recent Non‐Citizen Immigrants to Texas by World Area of Birth, 2005‐2015

Estimated number of international migrants to Texas

101,588 2015 44.1% 35.8% 7.1% 13.1%

2010 50.6% 33.0% 7.3% 9.1% 77,702

2005 69.4% 17.3% 7.8%5.5% 98,194

Latin America Asia Europe Africa and Other Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 1‐Year PUMS 18 19 Population by Generation, DFW, Texas, 2016

30,000,000

25,000,000

20,000,000

15,000,000

10,000,000

5,000,000

0 DFW Texas Silent 316,519 1,452,333 Baby Boomers 1,223,104 5,039,831 Generation X 1,575,023 5,718,747 Millennials 1,650,724 6,326,388 Generation Z 1,703,917 6,536,287 Generation Z Millennials Generation X Baby Boomers Silent

Source: Texas Demographic Center, 2016 Population Estimates 20 21 Educational Attainment by Race/Ethnicity, Texas and Big Four Metro Areas, 2017

High School Degree and above Educational attainment in the Dallas metro is higher or 100% 94.0% similar to that of the state with the exception of 89.5% 88.4% Hispanic educational attainment, where it is lower. 90% 83.6% 80% Bachelor’s Degree and above 70% 66.2% 59.2% 60%

50% 38.6% 40% 29.6% 30% 24.2%

20% 14.5%

10%

0% Total NH Hispanic Black Asian Total NH Hispanic Black Asian White White Austin Dallas Houston San Antonio Texas

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 22 Percent Population 25 years plus with a Bachelor’s Degree and Above, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Hansford Lipscomb Ochiltree Hutchinson Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill

Oldham Potter Carson Gray Wheeler

Deaf Smith Randall Donley Collingsworth Armstrong Parmer Swisher Hall Childress Castro Briscoe Hardeman Bailey Lamb Hale Floyd Motley Cottle Foard Wilbarger Wichita Clay Lubbock Lamar Red Grayson Fannin Cochran Hockley Crosby Dickens King Knox Baylor Archer Cooke River Montague Bowie Delta Titus Throckmorton Jack Wise Denton Collin Hopkins Morris Yoakum Te rr y Lynn Garza Kent Young Hunt Cass Haskell Franklin Stonewall Rockwall Rains Marion Shackelford Palo Wood Upshur Scurry Parker Tarrant Dallas Gaines Dawson Fisher Jones Stephens Pinto Van Harrison Borden Zandt Gregg Kaufman Smith Callahan Hood Johnson Andrews Ellis Henderson Martin Howard Mitchell Nolan Ta yl or Eastland Panola Erath Somervell Rusk Navarro El Paso Glasscock Coleman Hill Cherokee Ector Comanche Loving Winkler Midland Coke Bosque Anderson Shelby Sterling Runnels Brown Limestone Hamilton Freestone Nacogdoches Culberson McLennan Hudspeth Ward Mills San Augustine Crane To m Coryell Houston Upton Reagan Concho Angelina Reeves Irion Green Leon Sabine San Falls McCulloch Lampasas Trinity Jasper Saba Bell Robertson Madison Schleicher Menard Polk Tyler Newton Jeff Davis Pecos Burnet Milam Walker Crockett Mason Llano Brazos Williamson San Jacinto Burleson Grimes Sutton Kimble Hardin Montgomery Gillespie Blanco Travis Lee Washington Te rr e l l Liberty Orange Bastrop Waller Presidio Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Edwards Austin Harris Val Verde Brewster Real Comal Caldwell Fayette Chambers Bandera Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend 4.7% - 15% Bexar Gonzales Lavaca Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Karnes Victoria Matagorda 15.1% - 20% Goliad Calhoun Dimmit La Salle Live Bee Refugio Oak McMullen Aransas San Patricio 20.1% - 25% Jim Wells Webb Nueces Duval

Kleberg 25.1% - 30% Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy

Starr 30.1% - 50.9% Willacy Hidalgo

Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5‐Year Sample, 2013‐2017 23 Percent Population 25 Years Plus with HS Degree and Above, Texas Counties, 2017

Hansford Lipscomb Dallam Sherman Ochiltree Hutchinson Hemphill Hartley Roberts Moore Carson Oldham Potter Gray Wheeler Donley Collingsworth Deaf Randall Smith Armstrong Castro Swisher Hall Childress Parmer Briscoe Bailey Hale Cottle Hardeman Lamb Motley Floyd Wilbarger Wichita Foard Clay Grayson Hockley Dickens Lamar Red King Baylor Archer Cooke Crosby Knox Fannin Delta River Bowie Cochran Lubbock Montague Terry Stonewall Throckmorton Hopkins Titus Cass Jack Wise Collin Yoakum Lynn Kent Haskell Young Hunt Franklin Garza Denton Rockwall Rains Dawson Shackelford Upshur Marion Scurry Palo Parker Tarrant Kaufman Van Wood Gaines Borden Jones Stephens Pinto Dallas Zandt Gregg Howard Fisher Johnson Harrison Andrews Eastland Hood Smith Rusk Martin Nolan Taylor Ellis Henderson Mitchell Erath Panola El Paso Callahan Hill Navarro Cherokee Loving Ector Glasscock Coke Culberson Comanche Bosque Shelby Midland Runnels Limestone Anderson Winkler Sterling Brown Hamilton Nacogdoches Hudspeth Crane Reagan Coleman McLennan Freestone Ward Tom Mills Houston San Augustine Upton Concho Coryell Leon Angelina Reeves Irion Green San Falls Sabine McCulloch Lampasas Bell Trinity Saba Robertson Madison Tyler Newton Menard Polk Jeff Davis Schleicher Burnet Milam Brazos Pecos Crockett Llano Walker San Jasper Mason Williamson Burleson Sutton Kimble Grimes Jacinto Blanco Lee Hardin Gillespie Travis Montgomery Orange Terrell Washington Presidio Edwards Bastrop Kerr Kendall Hays Austin Waller Liberty Jefferson Harris Brewster Val Verde Comal Caldwell Fayette Real Bandera Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Lavaca Bend Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Bexar Gonzales Wilson Wharton Brazoria 41% - 60% DeWitt Jackson Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Karnes Victoria Matagorda Goliad McMullen Calhoun La 61% - 70% Dimmit Live Bee Refugio Salle Oak San Aransas Jim Wells 71% - 80% Patricio Webb Duval Nueces Kleberg

81% - 85% Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy

86% - 95% Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5‐Year Sample, 2013‐2017 24 Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity, Texas and Big Four Metro Areas, 2017

Median household incomes in the Dallas metro tend $100,000 to be higher than the state for all race/ethnic groups, but especially for Asians. $90,000 $84,100 $80,000 $72,361 $70,000

$60,000 $59,206

$50,000 $45,092 $40,000 $46,855

$30,000

$20,000

$10,000

$0 Total NH White Hispanic Black Asian Austin Dallas Houston San Antonio Texas Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 25 Median Household Income, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Hansford Lipscomb Ochiltree Hutchinson Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill

Oldham Potter Carson Gray Wheeler

Deaf Smith Randall Donley Collingsworth Armstrong Parmer Swisher Hall Childress Castro Briscoe Hardeman Bailey Lamb Hale Floyd Motley Cottle Foard Wilbarger Wichita Clay Lubbock Lamar Red Grayson Fannin Cochran Hockley Crosby Dickens King Knox Baylor Archer Cooke River Montague Bowie Delta Titus Throckmorton Jack Wise Denton Collin Hopkins Morris Yoakum Te rr y Lynn Garza Kent Yo ung Hunt Cass Haskell Franklin Stonewall Rockwall Rains Marion Shackelford Palo Wood Upshur Scurry Parker Ta rr a n t Dallas Gaines Dawson Fisher Jones Stephens Pinto Van Harrison Borden Zandt Gregg Kaufman Smith Callahan Hood Johnson Andrews Ellis Henderson Martin Howard Mitchell Nolan Ta yl or Eastland Panola Erath Somervell Rusk Navarro El Paso Glasscock Coleman Hill Cherokee Ector Comanche Loving Winkler Midland Coke Bosque Anderson Shelby Sterling Runnels Brown Limestone Hamilton Freestone Nacogdoches Culberson McLennan Hudspeth Ward Mills San Augustine Crane To m Coryell Houston Upton Reagan Concho Angelina Reeves Irion Green Leon Sabine San Falls McCulloch Lampasas Trinity Jasper Saba Bell Robertson Madison Schleicher Menard Polk Tyler Newton Jeff Davis Pecos Burnet Milam Walker Crockett Mason Llano Brazos Williamson San Jacinto Burleson Grimes Sutton Kimble Hardin Montgomery Gillespie Blanco Travis Lee Washington Te rr el l Liberty Orange Bastrop Waller Presidio Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Edwards Austin Harris Val Verde Brewster Real Comal Caldwell Fayette Chambers Bandera Guadalupe Colorado Fort Bend Bexar Gonzales Lavaca Galveston Kinney Uvalde Medina Wharton Less than $25k Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Karnes Victoria Matagorda Goliad $25,000.00 - $34,999.99 Calhoun Dimmit La Salle Live Bee Refugio Oak McMullen Aransas San Patricio $35,000.00 - $49,999.99 Jim Wells Webb Nueces Duval $50,000.00 - $74,999.99 Kleberg Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy $75k or greater Starr Willacy Hidalgo

Cameron

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2017 5-Year Estimates 26 Unemployment and Poverty Rates by Race/Ethnicity, Texas and Big Four Metro Areas, 2017

25.0% The unemployment and poverty rates in the Dallas Poverty Rate metro tend to be lower than the state rates for all race/ethnicity groups. 20.7% 20.0% 19.0%

14.7% 15.0% Unemployment Rate

10.0% 9.8% 8.2% 8.5% 5.1% 5.3% 5.0% 4.3% 4.0%

0.0% Total NH Hispanic Black Asian Total NH Hispanic Black Asian White White Austin Dallas Houston San Antonio Texas Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 27 Median Earnings for Full‐Time, Year‐Round Employees by Sex, Texas, 2017

Total Median Earnings $44,803

Male Median Earnings $49,414

Female Median Earnings $40,236

Pay Gap $0.81 to the dollar NH White Women $0.76 to the dollar Hispanic Women $0.47 to the dollar Black Women $0.62 to the dollar Asian Women $0.81 to the dollar

*pay gap derived using NH White male pay as reference group.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 28 Gender Pay Gap, Texas and Big Four Metros, 2017

Median Median Earnings, Earnings, Pay Gap Male Female Texas $49,414 $40,236 .81 Austin Metro $55,162 $47,075 .85 DFW Metro $51,498 $44,207 .86 Houston Metro $51,634 $42,274 .82 San Antonio Metro $43,515 $37,535 .86 Pay Gap for Hispanic Women Texas .60 Austin Metro .64 DFW Metro .59 Houston Metro .56 San Antonio Metro .74

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1‐Year Estimates 29 Texas Legislature Demographics, 2019

• Nearly 2 of every 3 Texas lawmakers are white. • Less than ¼ of them are women.

30 Source: Texas Tribune, https://apps.texastribune.org/features/2019/texas‐lawmakers‐legislature‐demographics/ Texas Children Children Characteristics, 2016, Texas and Region One Counties

Jim Texas Hidalgo Cameron Webb Starr Willacy Zapata Hogg

No. of Children 7,294,587 282,889 131,178 91,543 21,295 5,291 4,823 1,546

% of Texas Children 3.88% 1.80% 1.25% 0.29% 0.07% 0.07% 0.02% Hispanic 49.1% 95.6% 94.5% 96.9% 99.2% NH White 32.5% 3.1% 4.6% 2.3% 0.2%

Native Born 95.7% 94.0% 95.9% 95.3% 94.4%

Married HH 66.3% 65.1% 60.5% 61.7% 56.9% Male Headed HH 7.0% 4.3% 6.2% 5.8% 4.1% Female Headed HH 26.2% 30.4% 32.8% 32.1% 38.9% Disability 4.2% 5.5% 5.3% 5.2% 5.7% Poverty 23.9% 44.7% 46.3% 43.2% 49.0% Median HH Income $59,648 $34,827 $32,598 $39,045 $28,660 Enrolled in Public 90.9% 96.8% 96.5% 95.3% 98.2% School

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5‐Year Sample, 2012‐2016 Percent under 18 Years, Living below Poverty, Texas Counties, 2017

Hansford Lipscomb Dallam Sherman Ochiltree Hutchinson Hemphill Hartley Moore Roberts Potter Oldham Wheeler Carson Gray

Deaf Randall Donley Smith Armstrong Collingsworth Castro Swisher Hall Childress Parmer Briscoe Cottle Hardeman Floyd Lamb Hale Wilbarger Bailey Wichita Motley Foard Lubbock Clay Cooke Lamar Red Hockley Dickens King Baylor Archer Grayson Knox Montague Fannin River Bowie Cochran Crosby Ter ry Throckmorton Hopkins Titus Stonewall Wise Collin Cass Yoakum Lynn Garza Haskell Young Jack Hunt Franklin Kent Denton Rockwall Rains Camp Marion Dawson Shackelford Palo Wood Scurry Stephens Parker Upshur Gaines Borden Jones Pinto Dallas Van Tarrant Kaufman Gregg Howard Fisher Eastland Zandt Harrison Tay lor Hood Johnson Smith Rusk Andrews Martin Ellis Panola Mitchell Callahan Erath Henderson Nolan Hill Navarro Cherokee Ector Glasscock Comanche Shelby Loving Runnels Bosque El Paso Culberson Midland Sterling Coke Anderson Winkler Coleman Brown Nacogdoches Crane Hamilton McLennan Freestone Hudspeth Ward Reagan Tom Houston San Augustine Mills Limestone Upton Green Concho Coryell Leon Angelina Reeves Irion San Falls Sabine McCulloch Lampasas Trinity Saba Bell Robertson Madison Tyler Newton Schleicher Menard Burnet Walker Jeff Davis Pecos Crockett Llano Milam Brazos Polk Jasper Mason Williamson San Burleson Grimes Sutton Kimble Jacinto Hardin Blanco Montgomery Orange Gillespie Travis Washington Ter rell Waller Presidio Edwards Kendall Hays Bastrop Austin Liberty Jefferson Kerr Harris Brewster Val Verde Comal Fayette Real Bandera Caldwell Fort Bend Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Bexar Wharton Galveston 0% - 15% Kinney Uvalde Gonzales Lavaca Medina Wilson DeWitt Brazoria Jackson Maverick Karnes Zavala Frio Atascosa Victoria Matagorda Goliad 16% - 20% McMullen Calhoun Dimmit La Live Bee Refugio Salle Oak Aransas 21% - 30% Jim Wells San Patricio Webb Duval Nueces Kleberg

31% - 35% Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy 36% - 62% Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5‐Year Sample, 2013‐2017 33 Estimated number of children ages 5‐17 years that do not speak English at home, Texas Counties, 2017

Dallam Sherman Lipscomb Hansford Ochiltree Hartley Moore Roberts Hemphill Hutchinson Oldham Carson Gray Wheeler Potter Household Language in Limited Deaf Randall Donley Smith English Speaking Households: Armstrong Collingsworth Parmer Castro Swisher Hall Childress Briscoe Hardeman Floyd Cottle Bailey Hale Wilbarger Lamb Motley Spanish 84.9% Foard Wichita Clay Fannin Hockley King Knox Cooke Lamar Red Crosby Dickens Baylor Archer River Montague Delta Bowie Cochran Grayson Vietnamese 3.2% Lubbock Throckmorton Titus Kent Jack Collin Hopkins Cass Terry Lynn Garza Wise Denton Yoakum Stonewall Haskell Young Hunt FranklinMorris Tarrant Rains Chinese 3.0% Dawson Scurry Shackelford Palo Rockwall Wood Marion Gaines Jones Parker Borden Stephens Pinto Dallas Van Upshur Fisher Harrison Hood Johnson Zandt SmithGregg Howard Eastland Kaufman Rusk Panola Other Indo‐European 2.2% Andrews Mitchell Taylor Ellis Martin Erath Somervell Henderson Nolan Callahan Navarro Cherokee Ector Glasscock Coke Comanche Hill Other Asian 1.9% El Paso Loving Bosque Anderson Shelby Midland Sterling Winkler Coleman Hamilton Limestone Freestone Nacogdoches Crane Reagan Runnels Hudspeth Culberson Ward Brown San Augustine Other languages 1.2% Mills McLennan Houston Reeves Upton Coryell Leon Sabine Irion Tom Concho San Falls Angelina Green Saba Lampasas Trinity McCulloch Bell Madison Robertson Tyler Newton Arabic 1.0% Schleicher Burnet Walker Polk Jeff Davis Pecos Menard Milam Brazos Crockett Mason Llano Jasper Williamson Burleson Grimes San Jacinto Kimble Korean 0.8% Sutton Gillespie Hardin Travis Lee Montgomery Terrell Blanco Washington Orange Presidio Edwards Bastrop Waller Liberty French 0.6% Kerr Kendall Hays Jefferson Fayette Austin Harris Brewster Val Verde Real Comal Bandera Caldwell Chambers Guadalupe Colorado Fort Russian 0.6% Bend Galveston Gonzales Lavaca Kinney Uvalde Medina Bexar Wharton Wilson Brazoria DeWitt Jackson Karnes 0 - 10,000 Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa Victoria Matagorda Goliad McMullen Calhoun Live Dimmit La Bee Refugio 10,001 - 45,000 Salle Oak San Aransas Jim Wells Patricio Webb 45,001 - 125,000 Duval Nueces Kleberg

125,001 - 250,000 Jim Brooks Zapata Hogg Kenedy

250,001 - 399,704 Starr Willacy Hidalgo Cameron Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5‐Year Sample, 2013‐2017 34 Education in Texas

35 Percent Distribution of Educational Attainment of Persons Aged 25 Years and Older, Texas, 2007 and 2017

Less than High School 30.1% 28.9% High School or Equivalent Some College or 26.9% 27.1% Associate's Degree Bachelor's Degree 19.7% 17.4% Graduate or Professional Degree

15.5% 12.3% 2007 2017 10.1% Percent high school 12.0% 79.1% 83.6% * graduate or higher Percent bachelor's degree 25.2% 29.6% * or higher

2007 2017

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 1‐Year Samples, 2007‐2017. * Years significantly different 36 p<.05 Educational Attainment, Texas, 2007 and 2017

Percent BA by Age Group Percent BA by Race/Ethnicity

31.6% 31.0% 59.2% 29.6% 27.6% 29.0% 52.8% 26.9% 27.0% 25.2% 23.8% 38.6% 19.0% 33.3%

24.2%

18.0% 14.5% 10.7%

2007 2017 2007 2017 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 plus Total White, NH Black Hispanic Asian

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1‐Year Estimates, 2007, 2017 37 Percent of Civilian Labor Force by Occupation, Texas, 2007, 2017 and 2017‐2017 Change

12.6% 11.8% 10.4% 9.3% 7.8% 7.0% 5.5% 4.9% 4.3% 4.3% 3.8% 3.4%

1.0% 1.2% 0.5%

‐0.4% ‐0.8% ‐0.8% Management Business and financial Healthcare Construction and Installation, Production, occupations operations practitioners and extraction maintenance, and transportation, and occupations technical occupations occupations repair occupations material moving occupations 2007 2017 Change

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 1‐Year Sample, 2007, 2017 38 Population Projections Projected Population, 2010‐2050, Texas

55 54.4 Zero Migration 50 0.5 Migration 1.0 Migration 47.3 45 2010‐2015 Migration

40 40.5

35 Millions 31.2 30

25

20

Source: Texas Demographic Center, 2014 and 2018 Population Projections 40 Projected Population by Race and Ethnicity, Texas 2010‐2050

25 Millions 20 20.2

15 13.5

10

6.0

5 5.8

1.8 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 NH White NH Black Hispanic NH Asian NH Other

Source: Texas Demographic Center 2018 Population Projections 41 Population Projections, Rio Grande Valley Counties, 2010‐2050

1,200,000 1,032,453 1,000,000 956,000

774,769 800,000

600,000 438,124 406,220 413,004 400,000

200,000 60,968 66,246 62,849

0 22,134 19,226 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Cameron Hidalgo Starr Willacy Source: Texas Demographic Center, 2018 Population Projections 42 Population Projections, Rio Grande Valley MSAs, 2017

1,200,000 1,032,453 1,000,000 956,000

774,769 800,000

600,000

406,220 438,124 413,004 400,000

200,000

0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Brownsville‐Harlingen MSA McAllen‐Edinburg‐Mission MSA

43

47 48

Lila Valencia, Ph.D.

(512) 936‐3542 [email protected] demographics.texas.gov @TexasDemography

50