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Biological Inventory and Local Planner Outreach for Conservation in the Northern Lake Michigan Coastal Zone, Mackinac County

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Biological Inventory and Local Planner Outreach for Conservation in the Northern Lake Michigan Coastal Zone, Mackinac County Biological Inventory and Local Planner Outreach for Conservation in the Northern Lake Michigan Coastal Zone, Mackinac County Prepared by: Phyllis J Higman, Yu Man Lee and Jennifer A Olson Michigan Natural Features Inventory Stevens T Mason Building PO Box 30444 Lansing, MI 48909-7944 For: Michigan Coastal Zone Management Program Land and Water Management Division, MDEQ Coastal Management Program Grant # 01-309-09 Report Number 2002-04 Submitted Feb 22, 2002 Cover Photo Identification: Open dune looking west from Hughes Point by: Phyllis J Higman Executive Summary Michigan Natural Features Inventory (MNFI) similar Two new occurrences for listed birds were conducted systematic surveys for high quality documented within the study area, including a natural communities and targeted rare species along nesting pair of northern harriers and three pairs of Lake Michigans northern coastal zone, from St nesting piping plovers recorded on Hiawatha Ignace to Seul Choix Point The study also National Forest property Seven additional listed included landowner contact and local planner and species were seen in the study area including citizen outreach Landowners were contacted for osprey, merlin, Caspian tern, common tern, permission to survey their property and were invited common loon, red-shouldered hawk, and bald to a public information meeting held in cooperation eagle Several of these species are largely or solely with the County Extension Office, Conservation dependent on shoreline and island habitats for Resource Management Initiative (CRMI) nesting Identification and preservation of these Participants at the meeting were informed about the habitats has become urgent in the face of increasing project and significant natural features of the development and recreation pressures coastal zone through PowerPoint presentations, Surveys for the Great Lakes endemic, Lake discussion, and a field trip Local planners were Huron locust, resulted in the identification of eight queried and the extent to which threatened and new populations and the reconfirmation of six endangered species concerns are integrated into previously known populations, two of which were local planning processes was informally assessed expanded in extent Additional suitable habitat for Planners were also queried to determine if they this species also was identified Most of the could use the results of this study and in what form documented populations were ranked with good to they would be most useful fair viability, with one population ranked as having Landowner Contact: One hundred and ten excellent viability Additional surveys are needed to private landowners responded to our request to determine their complete distribution and extent, survey, of which 62 (56%) gave positive responses overall status, and long-term viability The Twenty-four private parcels were surveyed and rare continued presence of the Lake Huron locust in the natural features were documented on 16 of these region indicates the persistence of ecologically Access was minimal for several large areas of intact dune systems As recreational and shoreline in private ownership, because landowners development pressures continue in the region, either did not respond or responded negatively deliberate efforts to minimize impacts to the dunes Several landowners that did not respond favorably are essential for conservation of this species to our initial request to survey changed their mind Monitoring and research on the ecological after attending our public information meeting requirements of the locust are also needed to help Because private landowners represent a large determine the level of disturbance that can be segment of potential land stewards as well as tolerated and the best strategies to minimize advocates for protection of public lands, it is impacts from recreational use and development recommended that outreach to landowners be Surveys for the federal and state endangered continued Hines emerald dragonfly and the state special Animal Surveys: Bird point counts were concern incurvate emerald dragonfly failed to conducted at 36 sites encompassing seven natural document any new populations Surveyed habitat community types One hundred ten bird species was considered marginal for the Hines emerald were observed, including 90 during spring dragonfly, but had good potential for the incurvate migration and 99 during the summer breeding emerald dragonfly Additional surveys, particularly season Bird abundance and species richness were for the incurvate emerald dragonfly, are warranted higher during the breeding season compared to to further ascertain whether these species occur in migration The percentage of long distant migrants, the study area and to help determine their statewide short distant migrants, and resident birds recorded distribution In addition to the targeted species, during the migration and breeding season was there is potential for other rare invertebrates to North Lake Michigan Coastal Zone - Page i occur in the study area, including the state special protection is urgently needed Dedication of concern dune cutworm moth (Euxoa aurulenta) and Mackinac state forest lands from Norton-Ogleby rare land snails Limestone Company to Big Knob Campground, as Plant Surveys: Twenty-one new and 40 a State Natural Area is encouraged These lands updated rare plant occurrences were documented span over fifteen miles of shoreline and encompass during this study, and an additional 17 previously multiple natural community and rare species documented occurrences are considered likely occurrences extant, while 3 are believed extirpated The 78 Local Planner and Citizen Outreach: Local extant occurrences encompass 11 different species, planning processes and zoning ordinances do not including 35 occurrences of 3 state and federal systematically address threatened or endangered listed Great Lakes endemics, dwarf-lake iris, species concerns, nor is there systematic Pitchers thistle, and Houghtons goldenrod Also coordination with state or federal agencies included are five occurrences of the state and regarding such concerns Additionally, several local federal threatened Michigan monkey-flower, a planners and landowners have been frustrated by species known only from Michigan These five what they perceive as inconsistent and unequal occurrences represent 30% of the total known application of environmental regulations Most localities of this species in the world Protection of local planners do not have an easily accessible these rare plant populations will require the geographic information system (GIS) platform for maintenance of tracts of land where natural receipt and use of natural features data in digital shoreline processes can function unimpeded format and the results of this study will be provided However, further study is needed to determine the to the townships in hard copy Mackinac County is minimum acreage required and the level of currently in the process of establishing a county disturbance that can be tolerated An encouraging planning commission to help guide future sign is that many rare plant populations currently development of the county They may assist persist on residential properties Further research townships in the development or refinement of and continued landowner education are critical if master plans Hard copy results of this study will these and other occurrences are to be sustained also be provided to the commission Nineteen Natural Community Surveys: Twenty-one landowners attended a public information meeting occurrences of eight different natural communities that featured PowerPoint presentations on shoreline have been documented in the study area These ecology, rare and declining plant and animal included six high quality occurrences of the globally species, and endangered species legislation significant wooded dune and swale community, Workshop participants were also led on a field trip four Great Lakes marshes, three interdunal to observe an open dune and associated rare wetlands, two open dunes, two dry-mesic northern species The workshop was enthusiastically forests, two cobble beaches, one mesic northern received and was rated highly by all participants forest and one sand/gravel beach Several areas Effective protection of the coastal zone is most that are likely to encompass additional natural likely when it is integrated into the value systems of communities were identified, but permission to those who use the land Additional information access these areas was not obtained It is meetings that target planners, township recommended that additional efforts to secure administrators, developers, realtors, and access permission be made The study area also landowners, are recommended encompasses very large regions of largely Summary and Recommendations: The high undeveloped lands, including both public and number of natural features in the study area private holdings As human demand for residential highlights the importance of the coastal zone and recreational access to shoreline communities region The beauty and ruggedness imparted by continue to increase, these lands become these features provides a large part of the draw that increasingly vulnerable to ecological degradation brings people to the region Yet, these features are A deliberate and proactive approach to their currently threatened by development activities that North Lake Michigan Coastal Zone - Page ii are not systematically reviewed for impacts to good legislation at local, state, and federal levels; 2) threatened
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