AWESOME National Library Week April 6-12, 1986 "Get a head start at the library" LEGISLATIVE DAY IN WASHINGTON Tuesday, April 8 of National Library Week April 6-12, 1986
Spon§OrJi: American Library Association, District of Columbia Library Association, participating state library/media associations, and other contributing organizations.
SCHEDULE
Morning Briefing: 8:15-9:30 a.m., Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2168 (Gold Room), first floor. Information folders, last-minute instructions, briefing on status of library-related legislation. 8:40 a.m., briefing by Eileen D. Cooke, Director, ALA Washington Office; Jack Jennings, Counsel of House Committee on Education and Labor; and Susan Frost, Executive Director of the Committee for Education Funding. Coffee can be purchased in the Rayburn cafeteria or snack bar (see opening times below). Room 2105 has been reserved for participant's use between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.
NOTE: Hearing on impact on libraries of 0MB Circular A-130, zero budget proposals, etc., is scheduled for 10:00 a.m., Rayburn House Office Building 2175, by the House Postsecondary Education Subcommittee. Attend if possible.
Congressional Office Visits: 9:45 a.m.-3:30 p.m., or according to your previously set appointments. Consult the Capitol Hill maps and directory in your folder for Congressional office and telephone numbers.
Wrap-up Session: 4:00-5:00 p.m., Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2168 (Gold Room), first floor. Participants give informal reports of their meetings with legislators and their aides, and discuss events of the day.
Congressional Reception: 5:00-7:00 p.m., Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2175. Informal attire. A photographer will be available if you wish to have pictures taken with your Senator or Representative for your local press.
LUNCHEON SUGGESTIONS
Full cafeterias as well as lunch counters and snack bars with limited seating are in the Capitol and Congressional office buildings. Check with Hill police for specific locations. Seating can be crowded, and at certain times is restricted to employees only. Early hours are often best. The main cafeterias on the Hill are listed below:
Capitol Bldg. Coffee Shop ...... 7:30 - 11:45 1:15 - 3:30 Dirksen Bldg. Restaurant ...... 7:30 - 12:00 1:30 - 3:30 Hart Bldg. Restaurant . . . . 7:30 - 7:00 Longworth Bldg. Cafeteria . . . . . 7:30 - 10:45 1:15 - 2:30 Madison Bldg. LC Cafeteria ...... 8:30 - 10:30 11:00 - 2:00 Rayburn Bldg. Cafeteria . . . 7:30 - 10:45 1:15 - 2:30 Rayburn Bldg. Snack Bar ...... 8:00 - 4:00 Russell Bldg. Coffee Shop ...... 7:30 - 3:30 Supreme Court Cafeteria . . . 7:30 - 10:00 11:30 - 2:00 Supreme Court Snack Bar . . 10:30 - 12:10 1:30 - 3:30
Other Restaurants: A variety of sandwich shops and restaurants are within walking distance of the Hill. From the House side, go to the first few blocks of Pennsyl vania Ave., s. E. From the Senate side, go to 2nd & D Sts., N. E., and to the 200 block of Massachusetts Ave., N. E. SPONSORS LIBRARY LEGISLATIVE DAY 1986
Library and Related Associations and Institutions
American Association of Law Libraries Friends of Libraries U.S.A. Art Libraries Society of North America Illinois Library Association Association for Library and Information Indiana Library Association Science Education Indiana Library Trustee Association Association for Library Service Iowa Library Association to Children Kentucky Department of Libraries Association of Public Library and Archives Administrators of South Carolina Louisiana Library Association Association of Research Libraries Maryland Educational Media California Library Association Organization California Media and Library Maryland Library Association Educators Association Medical Library Association Colorado Library Association Michigan Library Association Connecticut Library Association Minnesota Library Association Consortium of Universities of the Mississippi Library Association Washington Metropolitan Area Missouri Library Association Education Media Association National Librarians Association of New Jersey New Mexico Library Association Florida Library Association New York Library Association Friends of Alabama Libraries, Inc. North Dakota Library Association
DAY Library and Related Associations and Institutions, (continued)
North Dakota State Library South Carolina Library Association Ohio Library Association Special Libraries Association Oklahoma Library Association Texas Library Association Pennsylvania Library Association Urban Libraries Council School of Library and Information Virginia Library Association Science, Catholic University West Virginia Library Association of America Wisconsin Library Association 'Ifie :J{gtion'sLi6rary Community South Carolina Association of School Young Adult Services Division Libraries requeststhe pleasure ofyour company Commercial, Industrial and Government Organizations at a receptionhosted 6y Bureau of National Affairs (3-1:AC,Computers International, Inc. Baker & Taylor Hertzberg-New Method, Inc. 'Ifie tJJistrictof Co[um6ia Li6ra,y .9Lssociation Canon U.S.A., Inc. Highsmith Company, Inc. CLSI, Inc. Informatics General Corporation Congressional Information Service International Communications antL Congressional Quarterly, Inc. Industries Association Coronet/MT! Knogo Corporation 'Ifie Jlmerican Li6rary .9Lssociation Dukane Corporation Library Bureau, Inc. Ebsco Subscription Services Porta-Structures Industries, Inc. to cefe6rate Encyclopedia Britannica Education R.R. Donnelley and Sons Company Corporation Spacesaver Corporation Follett Library Book Company Time-Life Books, Inc. .Li6rary Gaylord Brothers, Inc. 9{gtiona[ 'Weet on 'Iuesday1.!ilpri[ 81 1986 from 5 - 7 p.m. 2(ay6urn Office'BuifJ1ng1 room 2175
~.'V.P. Yl:LJI 'Washington Office 547-4440 6y'I uesday1 .!ilpri[ L 198 6 WAYS TO COMMUNICATE WITH LEGISLATORS
PERSONAL VISITS. Face to face discussion is the rrost effective means of camnmication, and essential to the establishment of a solid working re lationship if you do not already know each other. A meeting is rrore easily arranged early in a session, before pressures build up. All legislators have one or more district offices. Visits there will often be more convenient for you than in Washington. Menbers of Congress return periodically (check with the district office), during Congressional recesses, and between sessions.
Constituents are always welccme in Washington. Be sure you have a finn appointment. Use the district office to make local or capitol appointments. (Get to know district staffs: secretaries and administrative assistants. Close working relationships will benefit in many ways. ) Take along others -- library director, trustee, Friend, representative of a conrnunity organization, citizen activist. Keep the delegation small enough for an easy exchange of viewp::,ints with the legislator. Leave your card and any written information you may have prepared. Follow up with a letter of appreciation for the time given to you, and include any additional information suggested by the visit.
TELEPHONE CALIS. Once you have made the acquaintance of your representative, telephone calls are appropriate and easy. Make them sparingly to the legislator, woose time is heavily occupied. (Regular contact with staff is possible and desirable.) Telepoone to ask support before a hearing or floor vote; to ask for help with legislative colleagues; to convey urgent local concern. Judge how far to pursue by the reaction. Remenber that it is rrore difficult for a legislator to temporize in a conversation than by letter. LETTERS, I.EITERS, I.EITERS. These are the chief fuel which powers any legislative vehicle. They are read. They elicit responses. They . represent votes. (Each letter writer is deaned to represent several t . like-minded if less highly rrotivated constituents.) Letters may be formal or informal, typewritten or handwritten. They soould be ccmposed by you, giving your reasons for your position (and giving the legislator reasons to support it). If you are asking support for a particular bill, cite it by number and autoor, and give its title or subject matter.
TELEX:;RAMS & MA.II.GRAMS. These are fast, easy ways to ccmnunicate with legislators when the need for action is critical: just prior to a cc:mnittee or floor vote. Use Western Union's nationwide toll-free telepoone number: 800-325-6000. Various low rates are available. * * * FIVE BASIC RULES FOR EF'F'EX:::TIVE CCMMUNICATION
1. Be Brief. A legislator's time is limited. So is yours. 2. Be Appreciative. Acknowledge past support, and convey thanks for current action. 3. Be Specific. Refer to local library and district needs. 4. Be Informative. Give reasons why a measure should be supported. 5. Br~ Courteous. Ask; do not deroarrl or threaten. Be positive but polite.
AIA Washington Office 1986, with thanks to California Library Association. The most frequently used, correct forms of address are:
To your Senator: To your Representative: The Honorable (full name) The Honorable (full name) United States Senate U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20510 Washington, D.C. 20515
" Sincerely yours" is in good taste as a complimentary close. Remember to sign your given name and surname. If you use a title in your signature, be sure to enclose it in parentheses. Forms similar to the above, addressed to your state capital, are appropriate for your state representatives and senators. Where possible use your official letterhead. If this is not in order, and you write as an individual, use plain white bond paper, and give your official title following your signature as a means of identification and to indicate your competency to speak on the subject.
DO's DON'Ts 1. Your Legislators like to hear opinions from home and 1. Avoid letters that merely demand or insist on votes tor or want to be kept informed of conditions in the district. against a certain bill; or that say what vote you want but Base your letter on your own pertinent experiences and not why. A letter with no reasoning, good or bad, is not observations. very influential.
2. If writing about a specific bill, describe it by number or its 2. Threats of defeat at the next election are not effective. popular name. Your Legislators have thousands of bills before them in the course of a year, and cannot always 3. Boasts of how influential the writer is are not helpful. take time to figure out to which one you are referring. 4. Do not ask for a vote commitment on a particular bill 3. They appreciate intelligent, well-thought-out letters before the committee in charge of the subject has had a which present a definite position, even if they do not chance to hear the evidence and make its report. agree. 5. Form letters or letters which include excerpts from other 4. Even more important and valuable to them is a concrete letters on the same subject are not as influential as a statement of the reasons for your position-particularly simple letter drawing on your own experience. if you are writing about a field in which you have specialized knowledge. Representatives have to vote on 6. Congressional courtesy requires Legislators to refer let many matters with which they have had little or no first ters from non-constituents to the proper offices, so you hand experience. Some of the most valuable information should generally confine your letter-writing to members they receive comes from facts presented in letters from of your state's delegation or members of the committee people who have knowledge in the field. specifically considering the bill.
5. Short letters are almost always best. Members of Con 7. Do not engage in letter-writing overkill. Quality, not quan gress receive many, many letters each day, and a long tity, is what counts. one may not get as prompt a reading as a brief statement.
6. Letters should be timed to arrive while the issue is alive. Members of the committee considering the bill will ap preciate having your views while the bill is ripe for study and action.
7. Don't forget to follow through with a thank-you letter. CAPITOL HILL !:i ff '(" ~ ~ s£~~~5f,~, C. STREET, N.E.
a·UILDlNG SEN~i'i~ic, .,<- BUILDING c.~V'- RUSSELLia f>.-.J'" SE~]ID\l:i;ICE -(\.f'-~<;) CONSTITUTION AVENUE ..- •••••••••••••• :• .·: •••• •• "'I>-"- -ALA Washington
- SUPREME Office COURT BUILDING
UNITED STATES EAST CAPITOL STREET CAPITOL BUILDING • JEFFERSON.BUILDING t.~0'- LIBRARY OF 10 f>.-.J CONGRESS "'f>."--(\.1'-~ .BOTANIC-GARDEN CONSERVATORY CANNON IADAMS BUILDING LIBRARY Of CONGRESS i '"~~'°i""""' :a: I -f1 • "' RAYBURN LONGWORTH MADISON C. STREET, S. E. ;;j HOUSE OFFICE HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING m =NG =NG ~ -OF ~ == y, c,_ O -z_ HOUSE c ANNON_E X V, ::;, ¾ ~ 1 . ~J'~ :i! § 1'%,,_ i;:, z HOUSE .,, 0 ANNEX V, V, N0.2 ~ .., .., m m ~ ~ "'m "' m II V,.., .., c'.j .., m ..,"'m
National Library Week April 6-12, 1986 Visitor (Public) Entrances
All visitors will be required to have their purses and briefcases inspected and will be required to walk through a metal detector.
The nonnal closing time to the public for the Capitol Building is 4:30 p.m., and for the House & Senate buildings, 6:00 p.m. However, the closing time is extended for thirty minutes after the House/Senate adjourns if later than the nonnal time. FIRST STREET WEST Senate-side room numbers are prefaced by S; House-side by H. The following number (or letter) represents the floor. Cz --i ( WEST FRONT ) rn 0 z DOWNTO ~ SUBWAY ;l; TO 5 ~ti:rlURN z ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ CII HOUSE z CII CHAMBER C CII .,., ~ ~ 1~s~N~LTO TO CANNON 1BLDG.
• • EAST T=RONT • • • • FIRST STREET• EAST
The following entrances are designate::i as visitor entrances and will be open to the general public as indicate::i by dotte::i arrows (...... ·> ) :
Law Library Door, Document Door, and Rotunda Door (Open £ran 9: 00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.). CANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
• • C STREET •
22 D
D 239
INDEPENDENCE AVENUE
Cannon room numbers proceed counter-clockwise from the New Jersey and Independence Avenue entrance. The first number (or letter) represents the floor.
The following entrances are designated as visitor entrances and will be open to the general public as irxlicated by dotted arrows ( ...... :)) : Northwest Door (New Jersey and Independence Ave.), Southwest Door, (New Jersey and C St.), Southeast Door (First and C Streets) (Open fran 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.) LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING n
C STREET
1124
2 Longworth room numbers are prefaced by the number 1 with INDEPENDENCE• AVENUE the next number (or letter) • representing the floor. Numbers • proceed clockwise from the • Independence Avenue entrance. • The following entrances are designated as visitor entrances and will(...... be ·>open ): to the general public as indicated by dotted arrows Main Entrance (New Jersey and Independence Ave.), and South Capitol Street Entrance. (Open from 7:00 a.rn to 6: 00 p.rn.) RAYBURN HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING FIRST STREET 0 '<) 0 ;;::: N (I) -£ bO C ·.:, Em C f- (I) f- er: V, Vl :J (I) wo 0.. 3:: u ~ ~ j::j ~ _£_ cii .D E ::, C ~ X (I) C "" (I) ::iz -£ t:j <( -£ > ·3 ""f- V) • u "'·cii .D E ::, C (I) -£ >- .D cl (I) u ~ ~ Cl.. (I) ~ ~ (I) .D E • ::, • C •f- E i-.cr: 0 Vl:J e ~·o C w~ :5 N .D • >- • N 0,:"' SOUTH CAPITOL STREET The following entrances are designated as visitor entrances and will be open to the general public as indicated by dotted arrows ( ...... ~) : South Capitol St. Entrance (Horseshoe Circle), and Independence Avenue Entrance (Open 7: 00 a.m. to 6: 00 p.m.) • RUSSELL SENATE OFFICE BUILDING C STREET SR· 216 CONSTITUTION AVENUE • • • Russell room numbers are prefaced by SR, with the following number • (or letter) representing the floor. Numbers proceed clockwise from the Constitution Avenue and First Street entrance. The following entrances are designatal as visitor entrances and will be open to the general public as indicatal by dottal arrows ( •••••• ,>): Delaware Avenue Elevator Door, and First & Constitution Ave. Door (Open from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.). DIRKSEN AND HART SENATE OFFICE BUILDINGS e FIRST STREET u Hart room numbers are prefaced by SH; Dirksen by SD, with the following number (or letter) representing the floor. SECOND STREET The following entrances are designated as visitor entrances and will be open to the general public as indicated by dotted arrows ( .....• ) : Dirksen: Auditorium Door (mid-way on C) (Open 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.). Hart: Horseshoe Entrance (Second St.), and Constitution Ave. Entrance (Open 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.). 99th CONGRESS UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES (Democrats in roman; Republicans in italic; Resident Commissioner and Delegates in boldface) [Room numbers with 3 digits are in the Cannon HOB, 4 digits beginning with 1 are in the Longworth HOB, 4 digits beginning with 2 are in the Rayburn HOB, digits beginning with H2 are in HOB Annex 2] [Capitol room numbers begin with SB, ST, HB, HT with 2 digits and begin with H or S with 3 digits] [Washington, D.C. 20515] Compiled by BENJAMIN J. GUTHRIE, Clerk of the House Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Ackerman, Gary L. (N.Y.) ...... 52601 1725 Boner, William Hill (Tenn.) ...... 54311 107 Addabbo, Joseph P. (N.Y.) ...... 53461 2365 Bonior, David E. (Mich.) ...... 52106 2242 Akaka, Daniel K. (Hawaii) ...... 54906 2301 Bonker, Don (Wash.) ...... 53536 434 Alexander, Bill (Ark.) ...... 54076 233 Borski, Robert A. (Pa.) ...... 58251 314 Anderson, Glenn M. (Calif.) ...... 56676 2329 Bosco, Douglas H. (Calif.) ...... 53311 408 Andrews, Michael A. (Tex.) ...... 57508 1039 Boucher, Frederick C. (Va.) ...... 53861 428 Annunzio, Frank (Ill.)...... 56661 2303 Boulter, Beau (Tex.) ...... 53706 1427 Anthony, Beryl, Jr. (Ark.) ...... 53772 1117 Boxer, Barbara (Calif.) ...... 55161 315 Applegate, Douglas (Ohio) ...... 56265 2464 Breaux, John B. (La.) ...... 52031 2113 Archer, Bill (Tex.) ...... 52571 1135 Brooks, Jack (Tex.) ...... 56565 2449 Armey, Richard K. (Tex.) ...... 57772 514 Broomfield, Wm. S. (Mich.) ...... 56135 2306 Aspin, Les (Wis.) ...... 53031 442 Brown, George E., Jr. (Calif.) ...... 56161 2256 Atkins, Chester G. (Mass.) ...... 53411 1429 Brown, Hank (Colo.) ...... 54676 1510 AuCoin, Les (Oreg.) ...... 50855 2159 Broyhill, James T. (N.C.) ...... 52576 2340 Badham, Robert E. (Calif.)...... 55611 2438 Bruce, Terry L. (Ill.) ...... 55001 419 Barnard, Doug, Jr. (Ga.) ...... 54101 236 Bryant, John (Tex.) ...... 52231 412 Barnes, Michael D. (Md.) ...... 55341 401 Burton, Dan (Ind.) ...... 52276 120 Bartlett, Steve (Tex.)...... 54201 1709 Burton, Sala (Calif.) ...... 54965 1408 Barton, Joe (Tex.)...... 52002 1017 Bustamante, Albert G. (Tex.) ...... 54511 1116 Bateman, Herbert H (Va.) ...... 54261 1518 Byron, Beverly B. (Md.) ...... 52721 1216 Bates, Jim (Calif.) ...... 55452 1404 Callahan, Sonny (Ala.) ...... 54931 1631 Bedell, Berkley (Iowa) ...... 55476 2459 Campbell, Carroll A., Jr. (S.C.) ...... 56030 106 Beilenson, Anthony C. (Calif.) ...... 55911 1025 Carney, William (N.Y.) ...... 53826 1424 Bennett, Charles E. (Fla.) ...... 52501 2107 Carper, Thomas R. (Del.) ...... 54165 1020 Bentley, Helen Delich (Md.)...... 53061 1610 Carr, Bob (Mich.) ...... 54872 2439 Bereuter, Doug (Nebr.) ...... 54806 2446 Chandler, Rod (Wash.) ...... 57761 216 Berman, Howard L. (Calif.)...... 54695 1221 Chapman, Jim (Tex.) ...... 53035 1009 Bevill, Tom (Ala.) ...... 54876 2302 Chappell, Bill, Jr. (Fla.) ...... 54035 2468 Biaggi, Mario (N.Y.) ...... 52464 2428 Chappie, Gene (Calif.) ...... 53076 1730 Bilirakis, Michael (Fla.) ...... 55755 1130 Cheney, Dick (Wyo.) ...... 52311 225 Blaz, Ben (Guam)...... 51188 1729 Clay, William (Bill) (Mo.) ...... 52406 2470 Bliley, Thomas J., Jr. (Va.) ...... 52815 213 Clinger, William F., Jr. (Pa.) ...... 55121 1122 Boehlert, Sherwood L. (N.Y.) ...... 53665 1641 Coats, Dan (Ind.) ...... 54436 1417 Boggs, Lindy (Mrs. Hale) (La.)...... 56636 2353 Cobey, William W., Jr. (N.C.) ...... 51784 510 Boland, Edward P. (Mass.) ...... 55601 2426 Coble, Howard (N.C.) ...... 53065 513 (Rev. 10-10-85) REPRESENTATIVES Name Phone · Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Coelho, Tony (Calif.)...... 56131 403 Erdreich, Ben (Ala.)...... 54921 439 Coleman, E. Thomas (Mo.) ...... 57041 2344 Evans, Cooper (Iowa) ...... 53301 127 Coleman, Ronald D. (Tex.) ...... 54831 416 Evans, Lane (Ill.) ...... 55905 328 Collins, Cardiss (Ill.)...... 55006 2264 Fascell, Dante B. (Fla.) ...... 54506 2354 Combest, Larry (Tex.) ...... 54005 1529 Fauntroy, Walter E. (D.C.) ...... 58050 2135 Conte, Silvio 0. (Mass.)...... 55335 2300 Fawell, Harris W. (Ill.) ...... 53515 511 Conyers, John, Jr. (Mich.) ...... 55126 2313 Fazio, Vic (Calif.) ...... 55716 1421 Cooper, Jim (Tenn.) ...... 56831 125 Feighan, Edward F. (Ohio) ...... 55731 1223 Coughlin, Lawrence (Pa.) ...... 56111 2467 Fiedler, Bobbi (Calif.) ...... 55811 1607 Courter, Jim (N.J.) ...... 55801 2422 Fields, Jack (Tex.) ...... 54901 413 Coyne, William J . (Pa.) ...... 52301 424 Fish, Hamilton, Jr. (N.Y.) ...... 55441 2227 Craig, Larry E. (Idaho) ...... 56611 1318 Flippo, Ronnie G. (Ala.) ...... 54801 2334 Crane, Philip M (Ill.)...... 53711 1035 Florio, James J. (N.J.) ...... 56501 2162 Crockett, Geo. W., Jr. (Mich.) ...... 52261 1531 Foglietta, Thomas M. (Pa.) ...... 54731 1217 Daniel, Dan (Va.) ...... 54711 2308 Foley, Thomas S. (Wash.) ...... 52006 1201 Dannemeyer, William E. (Calif.) ...... 54111 1214 Ford, Harold E. (Tenn.)...... 53265 2305 Darden, Geo::-ge (Buddy) (Ga.) ...... 52931 1330 Ford, William D. (Mich.)...... 56261 239 Daschle, Thomas A. (S. Dak.) ...... 52801 2455 Fowler, Wyche, Jr. (Ga.) ...... 53801 1210 Daub, Hal (Nebr.) ...... 54155 1019 Frank, Barney (Mass.) ...... 55931 1030 Davis, Robert W. (Mich.) ...... 54735 1124 Franklin, Webb (Miss.) ...... 55876 124 de la Garza, E (Tex.) ...... 52531 1401 Frenzel, Bill (Minn.)...... 52871 1026 DeLay, Tom (Tex.)...... 55951 1234 Frost, Martin (Tex.) ...... 53605 1238 Dellums, Ronald V. (Calif.) ...... 52661 2136 Fuqua, Don (Fla.)...... 55235 2269 de Lugo, Ron (V.I.) ...... 51790 2238 Fuster, Jaime B. (P.R.) ...... 52615 1428 Derrick, Butler (S.C.)...... 55301 201 Gallo, Dean A. (N.J.) ...... 55034 1724 De Wine, Michael (Ohio)...... 54324 1519 Garcia, Robert (N.Y.) ...... 54361 223 Dickinson, William L. (Ala.) ...... 52901 2406 Gaydos, Joseph M. (Pa.) ...... 54631 2186 Dicks, Norman D. (Wash.) ...... 55916 2429 Gejdenson, Sam (Conn.) ...... 52076 1410 Dingell, John D. (Mich.) ...... 54071 2221 Gekas, George W. (Pa.) ...... 54315 1008 DioGuardi, Joseph J. (N.Y.) ...... 56506 1630 Gephardt, Richard A. (Mo.) ...... 52671 1432 Dixon, Julian C. (Calif.) ...... 57084 2400 Gibbons, Sam (Fla.) ...... 53376 2204 Donnelly, Brian J. (Mass.) ...... 53215 438 Gilman, Benjamin A. (N.Y.) ...... 53776 2160 Dorgan, Byron L. (N. Dak.) ...... 52611 238 Gingrich, Newt (Ga.)...... 54501 1005 Dornan, Robert K. (Calif.)...... 52965 301 Glickman, Dan (Kans.) ...... 56216 2435 Dowdy, Wayne (Miss.) ...... 55865 214 Gonzalez, Henry B. (Tex.) ...... 53236 2413 Downey, Thomas J. (N.Y.) ...... 53335 2232 Goodling, William F (Pa.) ...... 55836 2263 Dreier, David (Calif.)...... 52305 410 Gordon, Bart (Tenn.)...... 54231 1517 Duncan, John J. (Tenn.) ...... 55435 2206 Gradison, Willis D., Jr. (Ohio) ...... 53164 2311 Durbin, Richard J. (Ill.) ...... 55271 417 Gray, Kenneth J. (Ill.) ...... 55201 2109 Dwyer, Bernard J. (N.J.) ...... 56301 404 Gray, William H., III (Pa.) ...... 54001 204 Dymally, Mervyn M. (Calif.) ...... 55425 1717 Green, Bill (N.Y.) ...... 52436 1110 Dyson, Roy (Md.)...... 55311 224 Gregg, Judd (N.H.) ...... 55206 308 Early, Joseph D. (Mass.) ...... 56101 2349 Grotberg, John E. (Ill.) ...... 52976 515 Eckart, Dennis E. (Ohio) ...... 56331 1224 Guarini, Frank J. (N.J.) ...... 52765 2458 Eckert, Fred J. (N.Y.) ...... 53615 427 Gunderson, Steve (Wis.) ...... 55506 227 Edgar, Bob (Pa.) ...... 52011 2352 Hall, Ralph M. (Tex.) ...... 56673 1728 Edwards, Don (Calif.) ...... 53072 2307 Hall, Tony P. (Ohio) ...... 56465 2448 Edwards, Mickey (Okla.)...... 52132 2434 Hamilton, Lee H. (Ind.) ...... 55315 2187 Emerson, Bill (Mo.)...... 54404 418 Hammerschmidt, John Paul (Ark.) ..... 54301 2207 English, Glenn (Okla.) ...... 55565 2235 Hansen, James V. (Utah) ...... 50453 1113 2 REPRESENTATIVES Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Hartnett, Thomas F. (S.C.) ...... 53176 228 Lehman, William (Fla.) ...... 54211 2347 Hatcher, Charles (Ga.) ...... 53631 405 Leland, Mickey (Tex.) ...... 53816 2236 Hawkins, Augustus F. (Calif.)...... 52201 2371 Lent, Norman F. (N.Y.) ...... 57896 2408 Hayes, Charles A. (Ill.) ...... 54372 1028 Levin, Sander M. (Mich.)...... 54961 323 Hefner, W. G. (Bill) (N.C.) ...... 53715 2161 Levine, Mel (Calif.)...... 56451 132 Heftel, Cecil (Cec) (Hawaii)...... 52726 1034 Lewis, Jerry (Calif.) ...... 55861 326 Hendon, Bill (N.C.) ...... 56401 115 Lewis, Tom (Fla.) ...... 55792 1313 Henry, Paul B. (Mich.) ...... 53831 502 Lightfoot, Jim (Iowa)...... 53806 1609 Hertel, Dennis M. (Mich.) ...... 56276 218 Lipinski, William 0. (Ill.) ...... 55701 1032 Hiler, John (Ind.) ...... 53915 407 Livingston, Bob (La.) ...... 53015 2437 Hillis, Elwood (Ind.)...... 55037 2336 Lloyd, Marilyn (Tenn.) ...... 53271 2266 Holt, Marjorie S. (Md.) ...... 58090 2412 Loeffler, Tom (Tex.) ...... 54236 1212 Hopkins, Larry J. (Ky.) ...... 54706 331 Long, Cathy (Mrs. Gillis) (La.)...... 54926 1338 Horton, Frank (N.Y.) ...... 54916 2229 Lott, Trent (Miss.)...... 55772 2185 Howard, James J. (N.J.) ...... 54671 2245 Lowery, Bill (Calif.)...... 53201 1440 Hoyer, Steny H. (Md.) ...... 54131 1513 Lowry, Mike (Wash.) ...... 53106 2454 Hubbard, Carroll, Jr. (Ky.) ...... 53115 2182 Lujan, Manuel, Jr. (N. Mex.) ...... 56316 1323 Huckaby, Jerry (La.) ...... 52376 2421 Luken, Thomas A. (Ohio) ...... 52216 2368 Hughes, William J. (N.J.) ...... 56572 341 Lundine, Stan (N.Y.) ...... 53161 2427 Hunter, Duncan (Calif.) ...... 55672 117 Lungren, Dan (Calif.)...... 52415 2440 Hutto, Earl (Fla.) ...... 54136 330 McCain, John (Ariz.)...... 52635 1123 Hyde, Henry J. (Ill.) ...... 54561 2104 McCandless, Alfred A. (Al) (Calif.) ...... 55330 435 Ireland, Andy (Fla.)...... 55015 2416 McCloskey, Frank (Ind.)...... 54636 116 Jacobs, Andrew, Jr. (Ind.) ...... 54011 1533 McCollum, Bill (Fla.) ...... 52176 1507 Jeffords, James M (Vt.) ...... 54115 2431 McCurdy, Dave (Okla.) ...... 56165 313 Jenkins, Ed (Ga.) ...... 55211 217 McDade, Joseph M (Pa.) ...... 53731 2370 Johnson, Nancy L. (Conn.) ...... 54476 119 McEwen, Bob (Ohio) ...... 55705 329 Jones, Ed (Tenn.) ...... 54714 108 McGrath, Raymond J. (N.Y.) ...... 55516 205 Jones, James R. (Okla.) ...... 52211 203 McHugh, Matthew F. (N.Y.) ...... 56335 2335 Jones, Walter B. (N.C.) ...... 53101 241 McKernan, John R., Jr. (Maine) ...... 56116 1535 Kanjorski, Paul E. (Pa.)...... 56511 1711 McKinney, Stewart B. (Conn.) ...... 55541 237 Kaptur, Marcy (Ohio) ...... 54146 1228 McMillan, J. Alex (N.C.) ...... 51976 507 Kasich, John R. (Ohio) ...... 55355 1133 Mack, Connie (Fla.) ...... 52536 504 Kastenmeier, Robert W. (Wis.) ...... 52906 2328 MacKay, Buddy (Fla.) ...... 557 44 503 Kemp, Jack F. (N.Y.) ...... 55265 2252 Madigan, Edward R. (Ill.)...... 52371 2312 Kennelly, Barbara B. (Conn.) ...... 52265 1230 Manton, Thomas J. (N.Y.) ...... 53965 327 Kildee, Dale E. (Mich.) ...... 53611 2432 Markey, Edward J. (Mass.) ...... 52836 2133 Kindness, Thomas N (Ohio)...... 56205 2417 Marlenee, Ron (Mont.) ...... 51555 409 Kleczka, Gerald D. (Wis.) ...... 54572 226 Martin, David O'B. (N.Y.) ...... 54611 109 Kolbe, Jim (Ariz.)...... 52542 1222 Martin, Lynn (Ill.) ...... 55676 1208 il Kolter, Joe (Pa.) ...... 52565 212 Martinez, Matthew G. (Calif.) ...... 55464 430 Kostmayer, Peter H. (Pa.) ...... 54276 123 Matsui, Robert T. (Calif.) ...... 57163 231 I Kramer, Ken (Colo.)...... 54422 240 Mavroules, Nicholas (Mass.)...... 58020 440 !' LaFalce, John J. (N.Y.) ...... 53231 2419 Mazzoli, Romano L. (Ky.) ...... 55401 2246 Lagomarsino, Robert J. (Calif.) ...... 53601 2332 Meyers, Jan (Kans.) ...... 52865 1407 Lantos, Tom (Calif.) ...... 53531 1707 Mica, Dan (Fla.) ...... 53001 131 Latta, Delbert L. (Ohio) ...... 56405 2309 Michel, Robert H (Ill.)...... 56201 2112 Leach, Jim (Iowa) ...... 56576 1514 Mikulski, Barbara A. (Md.) ...... 54016 2404 Leath, Marvin (Tex.) ...... 56105 336 Miller, Clarence E. (Ohio) ...... 55131 2208 Lehman, Richard H. (Calif.)...... 54540 1319 Miller, George (Calif.) ...... 52095 2228 3 REPRESENTATIVES Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Miller, John R. (Wash.) ...... 56311 1723 Reid, Harry (Nev.) ...... 55965 1530 Mineta, Norman Y. (Calif.) ...... 52631 2350 Richardson, Bill (N. Mex.) ...... 56190 325 Mitchell, Parren J. (Md.) ...... 54741 2367 Ridge, Thomas J. (Pa.)...... 55406 1714 Moakley, Joe (Mass.) ...... 58273 221 Rinald(), Matthew J. (N.J.) ...... 55361 2338 Molinari, Guy V. (N.Y.) ...... 53371 208 Ritter, Don (Pa.) ...... 56411 2447 Mollohan, Alan B. (W. Va.) ...... 54172 516 Roberts, Pat (Kans.) ...... 52715 1314 Monson, David S. (Utah) ...... 53011 1022 Robinson, Tommy F. (Ark.) ...... 52506 1541 Montgomery, G. V. (Sonny) (Miss.) ...... 55031 2184 Rodino, Peter W., Jr. (N.J.) ...... 53436 2462 Moody, Jim (Wis.) ...... 53571 1721 Roe, Robert A. (N.J.) ...... 55751 2243 Moore, W. Henson (La.)...... 53901 2183 Roemer, Buddy (La.) ...... 52777 103 Moorhead, Carlos J. (Calif.) ...... 54176 2346 Rogers, Harold (Ky.) ...... 54601 206 Morrison, Bruce A. (Conn.)...... 53661 437 Rose, Charles (N.C.) ...... 52731 2230 Morrison, Sid (Wash.) ...... 55816 1434 Rostenkowski, Dan (Ill.) ...... 54061 2111 Mrazek, Robert J. (N.Y.) ...... 55956 306 Roth, Toby (Wis.)...... 55665 215 Murphy, Austin J. (Pa.) ...... 54665 2210 Roukema, Marge (N.J.) ...... 54465 303 Murtha, John P. (Pa.) ...... 52065 2423 Rowland, J. Roy (Ga.) ...... 56531 423 Myers, John T. (Ind.) ...... 55805 2372 Rowland, John G. (Conn.)...... 53822 512 Natcher, William H. (Ky.) ...... 53501 2333 Roybal, Edward R. (Calif.)...... 56235 2211 Neal, Stephen L. (N.C.) ...... 52071 2463 Rudd, Eldon (Ariz.) ...... 53361 2465 Nelson, Bill (Fla.)...... 53671 307 Russo, Marty (Ill.)...... 55736 2233 Nichols, Bill (Ala.)...... 53261 2405 Sabo, Martin Olav (Minn.) ...... 54755 436 Nielson, Howard C. (Utah) ...... 57751 1229 St Germain, Fernand J. (R.I.) ...... 54911 2108 Nowak, Henry J. (N.Y.) ...... 53306 2240 Savage, Gus (Ill.) ...... 50773 1121 Oakar, Mary Rose (Ohio) ...... 55871 2436 Saxton, Jim (N.J.) ...... 54765 509 Oberstar, James L. (Minn.) ...... 56211 2351 Schaefer, Dan (Colo.)...... 57882 1317 Obey, David R. (Wis.) ...... 53365 2217 Scheuer, James H. (N.Y.) ...... 55471 2402 O'Brien, George M (Ill.) ...... 53635 2369 Schneider, Claudine (R.I.) ...... 52735 1512 Olin, Jim (Va.) ...... 55431 1207 Schroeder, Patricia (Colo.) ...... 54431 2410 O'Neill, Thomas P., Jr. (Mass.) ...... 55111 2231 Schuette, Bill (Mich.)...... 53561 415 Ortiz, Solomon P. (Tex.) ...... 57742 1524 Schulze, Richard T. (Pa.) ...... 55761 2201 Owens, Major R. (N.Y.) ...... 56231 114 Schumer, Charles E. (N.Y.) ...... 56616 126 Oxley, Michael G. (Ohio) ...... 52676 1108 Seiberling, John F. (Ohio) ...... 55231 1225 Packard, Ron (Calif.)...... 53906 316 Sensenbrenner, F. James, Jr. (Wis.)...... 55101 2444 Panetta, Leon E. (Calif.) ...... 52861 339 Sharp, Philip R. (Ind.)...... 53021 2452 Parris, Stan (Va.) ...... 54376 1705 Shaw, E. Clay, Jr. (Fla.)...... 53026 322 Pashayan, Charles, Jr. (Calif.) ...... 53341 129 Shelby, Richard C. (Ala.)...... 52665 2443 Pease, Donald J. (Ohio) ...... 53401 1127 Shumway, Norman D. (Calif.) ...... 52511 1203 Penny, Timothy J. (Minn.) ...... 52472 501 Shuster, Bud (Pa.) ...... 52431 2268 Pepper, Claude (Fla.) ...... 53931 2239 Sikorski, Gerry (Minn.)...... 52271 414 Perkins, Carl C. (Ky.) ...... 54935 1004 Siljander, Mark D. (Mich.)...... 53761 137 Petri, Thomas E. (Wis.) ...... 52476 1024 Sisisky, Norman (Va.) ...... 56365 426 Pickle, J. J. (Tex.) ...... 54865 242 Skeen, Joe (N. Mex.) ...... 52365 1007 Porter, John Edward (Ill.) ...... 54835 1131 Skelton, Ike (Mo.)...... 52876 2453 Price, Melvin (Ill.) ...... 55661 2110 Slattery, Jim (Kans.) ...... 56601 1431 Pursell, Carl D. (Mich.)...... 54401 1414 Slaughter, D. French, Jr. (Va.) ...... 56561 319 Quillen, James H (Jimmy) (Tenn.) ...... 56356 102 Smith, Christopher H (N.J.) ...... 53765 422 Rahall, Nick Joe, II (W. Va.) ...... 53452 343 Smith, Denny (Oreg.) ...... 55711 1213 Rangel, Charles B. (N.Y.) ...... 54365 2330 Smith, Lawrence J. (Fla.) ...... 57931 113 Ray, Richard (Ga.) ...... 55901 425 Smith, Neal (Iowa) ...... 54426 2373 Regula, Ralph (Ohio) ...... 53876 2209 Smith, Robert C. (N.H.) ...... 55456 506 4 REPRESENTATIVES Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Smith, Robert F. (Bob) (Oreg.) ...... 56730 118 Udall, Morris K. (Ariz.) ...... 54065 235 Smith, Virginia (Nebr.) ...... 56435 2202 Valentine, Tim (N.C.) ...... 54531 1107 Snowe, Olympia J. (Maine)...... 56306 133 Vander Jagt, Guy (Mich.) ...... 53511 2409 Snyder, Gene (Ky.) ...... 53465 2188 Vento, Bruce F. (Minn.)...... 56631 2433 Solarz, Stephen J. (N.Y.) ...... 52361 1536 Visclosky, Peter J. (Ind.) ...... 52461 1632 Solomon, Gerald B. H (N.Y.) ...... 55614 2342 Volkmer, Harold L. (Mo.) ...... 52956 2411 Spence, Floyd (S.C.) ...... 52452 2466 Vucanovich, Barbara F. (Nev.) ...... 56155 312 Spratt, John M., Jr. (S.C.) ...... 55501 1118 Walgren, Doug (Pa.)...... 52135 2241 Staggers, Harley 0 ., Jr. (W. Va.) ...... 54331 1504 Walker, Robert S. (Pa.) ...... 52411 2445 Stallings, Richard H. (Idaho)...... 55531 1233 Watkins, Wes (Okla.) ...... 54565 2348 Stangeland, Arlan (Minn.) ...... 52165 1526 Waxman, Henry A. (Calif.) ...... 53976 2418 Stark, Fortney H. (Pete) (Calif.)...... 55065 1125 Weaver, James (Oreg.) ...... 56416 1226 Stenholm, Charles W. (Tex.)...... 56605 1232 Weber, Vin (Minn.)...... 52331 318 Weiss, Ted (N.Y.) ...... 55635 2442 Stokes, Louis (Ohio) ...... 57032 2304 Wheat, Alan (Mo.) ...... 54535 1204 Strang, Michael L. (Colo.) ...... 54761 1331 Whitehurst, G. William (Va.) ...... 54215 2469 Stratton, Samuel S. (N.Y.) ...... 55076 2205 Whitley, Charles (N.C.) ...... 53415 104 Studds, Gerry E. (Mass.) ...... 53111 1501 Whittaker, Bob (Kans.) ...... 53911 332 Stump, Bob (Ariz.) ...... 54576 211 Whitten, Jamie L. (Miss.) ...... 54306 2314 Sundquist, Don (Tenn.) ...... 52811 230 Williams, Pat (Mont.) ...... 53211 2457 Sunia, Fofo I. F. (Am. Samoa) ...... 58577 1206 Wilson, Charles (Tex.) ...... 52401 2265 Sweeney, Mac (Tex.) ...... 52831 1713 Wirth, Timothy E. (Colo.) ...... 52161 2262 Swift, Al (Wash.)...... 52605 1502 Wise, Robert E., Jr. (W. Va.) ...... 52711 1508 Swindall, Patrick L. (Ga.) ...... 54272 508 Wolf, Frank R. (Va.) ...... 55136 130 Synar, Mike (Okla.) ...... 52701 2441 Wolpe, Howard (Mich.)...... 55011 1527 Tallon, Robin (S.C.) ...... 53315 432 Wortley, George C. (N.Y.) ...... 53701 229 Tauke, Thomas J. (Iowa) ...... 52911 2244 Wright, Jim (Tex.) ...... 55071 1236 Tauzin, W. J . (Billy) (La.) ...... 54031 222 Wyden, Ron (Oreg.) ...... 54811 1406 Taylor, Gene (Mo.)...... 56536 2134 Wylie, Chalmers P. (Ohio) ...... 52015 2310 Thomas, Robert Lindsay (Ga.)...... 55831 431 Yates, Sidney R. (Ill.) ...... 52111 2234 Thomas, William M (Calif.) ...... 52915 324 Y atron, Gus (Pa.) ...... 55546 2267 Torres, Esteban Edward (Calif.)...... 55256 1740 Young, C. W Bill (Fla.) ...... 55961 2407 Torricelli, Robert G. (N.J.) ...... 55061 317 Young, Don (Alaska) ...... 55765 2331 Towns, Edolphus (N.Y.) ...... 55936 1726 Young, Robert A. (Mo.) ...... 52561 2430 Traficant, James A., Jr. (Ohio) ...... 55261 128 Zschau, Ed (Calif.) ...... 55411 429 Traxler, Bob (Mich.) ...... 52806 2366 SENATORS (Democrats in roman; Republicans in italic) [Room numbers beginning with SD are in the Dirksen Building, SH are in the Hart Building, and SR are in the Russell Building. Capitol numbers begin with SJ [Washington, D.C. 20510] Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Vice Pres. Bush, George (Tex.) ...... 42424 SD-202 Hart, Gary (Colo.)...... 45852 SR-237 Abdnor, James (S. Dak.) ...... 42321 SH-309 Hatch, Orrin G. (Utah) ...... 45251 SR-135 Andrews, Mark (N. Dak.) ...... 42043 SH-724 Hatfield, Mark 0. (Oreg.) ...... 43753 SH-711 Armstrong, William L. (Colo.)...... 45941 SH-528 Hawkins, Paula (Fla.) ...... 43041 SH-313 Baucus, Max (Mont.) ...... 42651 SH-706 Hecht, Chic (Nev.) ...... 46244 SH-302 Bentsen, Lloyd (Tex.)...... 45922 SH-703 Heflin, Howell (Ala.) ...... 44124 SH-728 Biden, Joseph R., Jr. (Del.) ...... 45042 SR-489 Heinz, John (Pa.) ...... 46324 SR-277 Bingaman, Jeff(N. Mex.) ...... 45521 SH-502 Helms, Jesse (N.C.) ...... 46342 SD-403 Boren, David L. (Okla.) ...... 44721 SR-453 Hollings, Ernest F. (S.C.) ...... 46121 SR-125 Boschwitz, Rudy (Minn.) ...... 45641 SH-506 Humphrey, Gordon J. (N.H.) ...... 42841 SH-531 Bradley, Bill (N.J.) ...... 43224 SH-731 Inouye, Daniel K. (Hawaii)...... 43934 SH-722 Bumpers, Dale (Ark.)...... 44843 SD-229 Johnston, J. Bennett (La.) ...... 45824 SH-136 Burdick, Quentin N. (N. Dak.) ...... 42551 SH-511 Kassebaum, Nancy Landon(Kans.) .. 4477 4 SR-302 Byrd, Robert C. (W. Va.) ...... 43954 SH-311 Kasten, Bob (Wis.) ...... 45323 SH-110 Chafee, John H (R.I.) ...... 42921 SD-567 Kennedy, Edward M. (Mass.) ...... 44543 SR-113 Chiles, Lawton (Fla.) ...... 45274 SR-250 Kerry, John F. (Mass.) ...... 42742 SR-362 Cochran, Thad (Miss.)...... 45054 SR-326 Lautenberg, Frank R. (N.J.) ...... 44744 SH-717 Cohen, William S. (Maine) ...... 42523 SH-322 Laxalt, Paul (Nev.) ...... 43542 SR323A Cranston, Alan (Calif.) ...... 43553 SH-112 Leahy, Patrick J. (Vt.) ...... 44242 SR-433 D'Amato, Alfonse M (N.Y.) ...... 46542 SHs520 Levin, Carl (Mich.) ...... 46221 SR-459 Danforth, John C. (Mo.) ...... 46154 SR-497 Long, Russell B. (La.)...... 44623 SR-225 DeConcini, Dennis (Ariz.) ...... 44521 SH-328 Lugar, Richard G. (Ind.) ...... 44814 SH-306 Denton, Jeremiah (Ala.)...... 457 44 SH-516 McClure, James A. (Idaho) ...... 42752 SD-361 Dixon, Alan J. (Ill.) ...... 42854 SH-316 McConnell, Mitch (Ky.) ...... 42541 SR-120 Dodd, Christopher J. (Conn.) ...... 42823 SH-324 Mathias, Charles McC., Jr. (Md.) .... 44654 SR-387 Dole, Robert (Kans.)...... 46521 SH-141 Matsunaga, Spark M. (Hawaii) ...... 46361 SH-109 Domenici, Pete V. (N. Mex.)...... 46621 SD-434 Mattingly, Mack (Ga.) ...... 43643 SH-320 Durenberger, Dave (Minn.)...... 43244 SR-154 Melcher, John (Mont.) ...... 42644 SH-730 Eagleton, Thomas F. (Mo.)...... 45721 SD-197 Metzenbaum, Howard M. (Ohio)..... 42315 SR-140 East, John P. (N.C.) ...... 43154 SH-716 Mitchell, George J. (Maine)...... 45344 SR-364 Evans, Daniel J. (Wash.) ...... 43441 SH-702 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick (N.Y.) .... 44451 SR-464 Exon, J. James (Nebr.) ...... 44224 SH-330 Murkowski, Frank H (Alaska) ...... 46665 SH-709 Ford, Wendell H. (Ky.) ...... 44343 SR173A Nickles, Don (Okla.) ...... 45754 SH-713 Garn, Jake (Utah) ...... 45444 SD-505 Nunn, Sam (Ga.) ...... 43521 SD-303 Glenn, John (Ohio) ...... 43353 SH-503 Packwood, Bob (Oreg.)...... 45244 SR-259 Goldwater, Barry (Ariz.)...... 42235 SR-363 Pell, Claiborne (R.I.)...... 44642 SR-335 Gore, Albert, Jr. (Tenn.) ...... 44944 SR-393 Pressler, Larry (S. Dak.)...... 45842 SR407A Gorton, Slade (Wash.)...... 42621 SH-513 Proxmire, William (Wis.)...... 45653 SD-530 Gramm, Phil (Tex.) ...... 42934 SR-370 Pryor, David (Ark.) ...... 42353 SR-264 Grassley, Charles E. (Iowa) ...... 437 44 SH-135 Quayle, Dan (Ind.) ...... 45623 SH-524 Harkin, Tom (Iowa)...... 43254 SH-317 Riegle, Donald W., Jr. (Mich.) ...... 44822 SD-105 6 SENATORS Name Phone Room Name Phone Room 22 22 Rockefeller, John D., IV (W. Va.) ... 46472 SD-241 Stevens, Ted (Alaska)...... 43004 SH-522 Roth, William V., Jr. (Del.) ...... 42441 SH-104 Symms, Steven D. (Idaho) ...... 46142 SH-509 Rudman, Warren (N.H.) ...... 43324 SH-530 Thurmond, Strom (S.C.)...... 45972 SR-218 Sarbanes, Paul S. (Md.)...... 44524 SD-332 Trible, Paul S., Jr. (Va.) ...... 44024 SH-517 Sasser, Jim (Tenn.) ...... 43344 SR-298 Wallop, Malcolm (Wyo.) ...... 46441 SR-206 Simon, Paul (Ill.) ...... 42152 SD-462 Warner, John W (Va.)...... 42023 SR-421 Simpson, Alan K. (Wyo.) ...... 43424 SD-261 Weicker, Lowell P., Jr. (Conn.) ...... 44041 SH-303 Specter, Arlen (Pa.)...... 44254 SH-331 Wilson, Pete (Calif.)...... 43841 SH-720 Stafford, Robert T. (Vt.) ...... 45141 SH-133 Zorinsky, Edward (Nebr.) ...... 46551 SR-443 Stennis, John C. (Miss.) ...... 46253 SR-205 7 COMMITTEES HOUSE COMMITTEES SENATE COMMITTEES Phone Room Phone Room A . 22 gnculture ...... 52171 1301 Agriculture, Nutrition, and 22 Appropriations...... 52771 H 218 Forestry ...... 42035 SR328A Armed Services...... 54151 2120 Appropriations ...... 43471 SD-118 Banking, Finance and Urban Armed Services...... 43871 SR-222 Affairs ...... 54247 2129 Banking, Housing, and Urban Budget...... 67200 214 HOB Affairs ...... 47391 SD-534 Anx.1 Budget...... 40642 SD-621 District of Columbia...... 54457 1310 Commerce, Science, and Education and Labor ...... 54527 2181 Transportation ...... 45115 SD-358 Energy and Commerce ...... 52927 2125 Energy and Natural Resources .. 44971 SD-360 Foreign Affairs ...... 55021 2170 Environment and Public Works 46176 SD-410 Government Operations...... 55051 2157 Finance...... 44515 SD-219 House Administration...... 52061 H 326 Foreign Relations ...... 44651 SD-440 Interior and Insular Affairs ...... 52761 1324 Governmental Affairs ...... 44751 SD-340 Judiciary ...... 53951 2137 Judiciary ...... 45225 SD-224 Merchant Marine and Fisheries 54047 1334 Labor and Human Resources~.... 45375 SD-428 Post Office and Civil Service...... 54054 309 Rules and Administration ...... 46352 SR-305 Franking Commission...... 50436 305 Small Business ...... 45175 SR428A Public Works and Veterans' Affairs ...... 49126 SR-414 Transportation ...... 54472 2165 Rules ...... 59486 H 312 SELECT COMMITTEES Minority ...... 56991 H 305 Ethics ...... 42981 SH-220 Science and Technology ...... 56371 2321 Indian Affairs ...... 42251 SH-838 Small Business...... 55821 2361 Intelligence ...... 41700 SH-211 Standards of Official Conduct.. .. 57103 HT-2 Veterans' Affairs ...... 53527 335 SPECIAL COMMITTEE Ways and Means: Aging...... 45364 SD-G33 (LHOB) ...... 53625 1102 SELECT COMMITTEES Aging (HOB Anx. 1) ...... 63375 712 Children, Youth, and Families .. 67660 H2-385 Hunger ...... 65470 H2-507 Intelligence, Permanent ...... 54121 H 405 Narcotics Abuse and Control ..... 63040 H2-234 8 COMMITTEES JOINT COMMITTEES Phone Room Phone Room Economic...... 45171 SD-G0l Taxation Library ...... 67633 720 Anx. 1 (LHOE) ...... 53621 1015 Printing ...... 45241 SH-818 (DSOB) ...... 45561 SD-204 LIAISON OFFICES Phone Room Phone Room Air Force (RHOE) ...... 56656 B 322 Office of Personnel Army (RHOE) ...... 53853 B 325 Management (RHOE) ...... 54955 B 332 Coast Guard (RHOE) ...... 54775 B 320 Veterans' Administration Navy (RHOE) ...... 57124 B 324A (RHOE) ...... 52280 B 328 9 MISCELLANEOUS HOUSE NUMBERS Phone Room Phone Room Gym(RHOB) ...... 56658 SB 319 Police Headquarters-Con. Ladies Health Facilities South Door (Capitol) ...... 55400 (RHOB) ...... 57026 B347 Document Room Door House Broadcasting System ... 67600 722HOB (Capitol East Front) ..... 52991 1st Fl. Anx.1 East Door (Capitol) ...... 59892 2d Fl. House Information Systems ... 59276 H2-631 CHOE-Rotunda ...... 54230 2d Fl. User Assistance Office .... 56002 H2-601 CHOB-lst & Indep ...... 52360 Intern Office ...... 63621 510HOB CHOB-lst & C St ...... 56000 Anx.1 CHOE-Subway Ent. to Laborers' Room (CHOB) ...... 54141 B37 James Madison Bldg .... 50922 Law Library (Capitol) ...... 47558 S 416 Office (LHOB) ...... 50400 B220 Law Revision Counsel ...... 62411 H2-304 LHOB-Main Entrance .. 55920 LEGIS Office (Bill Status) ...... 51772 H2-696 LHOB-N.J. Ave. & C St. 56115 Legislative Counsel ...... 56060 136 RHOB-Main Entrance Legislative Reference ...... 287-5700 213J.M. Independence Ave ...... 56893 Bldg. RHOB-S. Cap. St. Lib. of Cong., Book Room Entrance ...... 56795 (LHOB) ...... 52030 B 221 RH OB-Subway (RHOB) ...... 56958 B335 Terminal...... 56897 (HOB Anx. 2) ...... 54343 H2-153 RHOB-Capitol Library of House (CHOB) ...... 50462 B 18 Terminal...... 56993 Library (Capitol) ...... 52930 H225 RHOB-Training Library Station (Capitol) ...... 53000 HB4 Facility ...... 55394 Gl Machine Shop (Capitol) ...... 55470 HT31 RHOE-Southwest Majority Leader- Loading Platform ...... 57570 Jim Wright ...... 58040 H 148 HOBAnx.1 ...... 57550 Lobby Majority Room HOBAnx.2 ...... 63004 2d St. (Underground Garage) ...... 55371 WA29 Majority Whip- HOBAnx.2 ...... 63000,63005 3d St. Prop. and Supply ...... 63016 H2-116 Thomas S. Foley ...... 55604 H114 Minority Employees Postmaster (LHOB) ...... 53856 B227 B224 (Capitol) ...... 52139 HB 13 Post Office (LHOB) ...... 53856 Minority Floor Employees (CHOB) ...... 53855 2d Fl. (Minority Counsel) ...... 58888 505 (RHOB) ...... 56776 2106 Minority Leader- (Capitol) ...... 55460 HlOl Robert H. Michel...... 50600 H232 (HOB Anx. 2) ...... 56543 H2-119 Minority Room Mailing Platform (Underground Garage) ...... 52641 WA26 (LHOB) ...... 53856 B233 Minority Whip- Power Plant ...... 54556 E St. SE. Trent Lott ...... 50197 1622 Press Gallery ...... 53945,56722 H315 Northeast-Midwest Cong. Superintendent ...... 53945,56722 H315 Coalition ...... 63920 H2-530 Associated Press ...... 56722, 57618 H315 Paint Shop (Capitol) ...... 55300 HT43 United Press Int'l...... 56722, 57619 H315 Underground Garage ...... 54141 WA21 Periodical ...... 52941, 59155 H304 Parliamentarian ...... 57373 H209 Radio and TV ...... 55214 H320 Plumber (RHOB) ...... 57134 B364 (CHOB) ...... 54720 B90 Railroad Ticket Office (RHOB) ...... 56880 SB 301 (Capitol) ...... 45948 S 101 (Capitol) ...... 56541 HT46 Republican Conference ...... 55107 1618 (HOB Anx. 2) ...... 51410 Basement Republican Cong. Com ...... 479-7070 320 1st St., Police Headquarters (RSOB) .. 55151 19 E SE. Chiefs Office ...... 49806 Plaza Htl. Republican Policy ...... 56168 1620 House Door (Capitol) ...... 50524 Republican Research ...... 50871 1616 12 MISCELLANEOUS HOUSE NUMBERS Room Phone Room Phone H 124 Republican Study ...... 50587 433 Sergeant at Arms ...... 52456 Restaurant, House (Capitol) ... 58501 H 118 Sheet Metal Shop (Capitol) ..... 56330 HT21 Members' Dining Room ... 56300 H117 Supt. of Buildings (RHOB) ...... 54141 B 341 Reservations (Capitol) ..... 56300 H117 The Speaker: Members' Private Speaker's Office ...... 55414 H204 Dining Room (Capitol). 58501 H118 Speaker's Rooms ...... 52204 H209 Accounting Office Speaker's Congressional (RHOB) ...... 53374 B 361 Office ...... 55111 2231 HB24 Kitchen (Capitol) ...... 55169 Wednesday Group ...... 63236 H2-386 B356 (RHOB) ...... 56764 Western Union (CHOB) ...... 54181 2d Fl. Storeroom (Capitol) ...... 53330 HBll Manager (Capitol) ...... 52374 H123A 13 CENTREX DIALING INSTRUCTIONS Incoming calls: Calls from the public may be Government agency calls: Calls to Government made to your telephone direct by dialing 22 plus the agencies using the "Centrex" telephone system dial five digit number of your telephone (preceded by the "9" followed by the listed number. area code 202 where appropriate). The direct dialed On calls to Congressional Liaison Offices, dial the calls bypass the Capitol operator. number appearing in parenthesis following the agency name. THE FOLLOWING FEATURES APPLY TO ALL INCOMING INTEROFFICE AND OUTGOING CALLS. TRANSFERS MUST Metropolitan area calls: To call locally within the INCLUDE A CENTREX STATION WITHIN THE CAPITOL: Metropolitan area, listen for dial tone-dial "9"-dial tone continues-dial the desired telephone number. CALL TRANSFERS* Long distance calls: Your telephone is now Depress switchhook once-Short spurts of equipped so that you can dial direct on all calls. tone-Steady Dial Tone-Dial desired station Station-to-station calls: Dial tone-dial "9" -dial Station answers-announce call-hang up. (If tone continues-dial area code plus desired number. station number unknown-Dial "O" .) Operator assisted calls: Person-to-person, col CONSULTATION HOLD* lect, credit card call, billed to third telephone, etc. (Consult with another person while holding an dial tone-dial "9" -dial tone continues-dial "O". existing call.) Depress switchhook once-Short Continue to dial area code plus desired number; spurts of tone-Steady Dial Tone-Dial 3rd when the operator answers, give the following details party-consult-when 3rd party hangs up-De on a: press switchhook twice to be reconnected to Person call: The name of the person you are original call. calling. THREE WAY CALL (ADD ON)* Collect call: "Collect" and give operator your (To add another person to an existing call.) De name. press switchhook once-Short spurts of tone Steady Dial Tone-Dial desired station-an Credit card call: My credit card number is: nounce call-Depress switchhook once-3 way Special billing: Give operator special billing connection is established. number. Inter-office calls: To call another office on Capitol Capitol information: Listen for dial tone-dial Hill, consult the telephone directory or your frequent 180. ly called number list for the correct number, listen for Conference call and assistance: To reach your dial tone and dial the five digit telephone number. operator for assistance-dial "O" or to request a (House-use prefix 5 or 6; Senate-use prefix 4.) conference call-dial 140. Telephone repair: To report all troubles associat *If the station is busy or the called party fails to answer on Transfer, Consultation Hold, and Add On Calls-depress the switchhook twice-you will be reconnected to the ed with your telephone, listen for dial tone and dial original party. 49611. Hang up at least 5 seconds before originating a new call. 14 0 U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Committee on Budget 99th Congress, 2nd Session William H. Gray, III (D-PA), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Jim Wright, Jr., Texas Delbert L. Latta, Ohio w. G. (Bill) Hefner, North Carolina Jack F. Kemp, New York Thomas J. Downey, New York Lynn Martin, Illinois Mike Lowry, Washington Bobbi Fiedler, California Butler Derrick, South Carolina Willis D. Gradison, Jr., Ohio George Miller, California Thomas G. Loeffler, Texas Pat Williams, Montana Connie Mack, Florida Howard Wolpe, Michigan William F. Goodling, Pennsylvania Martin Frost, Texas w. Henson Moore, Louisiana Vic Fazio, California Denny Smith, Oregon Marty Russo, Illinois Vin Weber, Minnesota Edgar L. Jenkins, Georgia Hank Brown, Colorado Michael D. Barnes, Maryland Beau Boulter, Texas Marvin Leath, Texas Charles E. Schumer, New York Barbara Boxer, California Kenneth H. (Buddy) MacKay, Jr., Florida Jim Slattery, Kansas Chester G. Atkins, Massachusetts U.S. SENATE Committee on Budget 99th Congress, 2nd Session Pete v. Domenici (R-NM), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS William L. Armstrong, Colorado Lawton Chiles, Florida Nancy Landon Kassebaum, Kansas Ernest F. Hollings, South Carolina Rudy Boschwitz, Minnesota J. Bennett Johnston, Louisiana Orrin G. Hatch, Utah James R. Sasser, Tennessee Mark Andrews, North Dakota Gary w. Hart, Colorado Steven D. Symms, Idaho Howard M. Metzenbaum, Ohio Charles E. Grassley, Iowa Donald w. Riegle, Jr., Michigan Robert w. Kasten, Jr., Wisconsin Daniel Patrick Moynihan, New York Dan Quayle, Indiana J. James Exon, Nebraska Slade Gorton, Washington Frank R. Lautenberg, New Jersey John c. Danforth, Missouri American Library Association Washington Office March 1986 U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Committee on Appropriations 99tH Congress, 2nd Sessio~ Jamie L. Whitten (D-MS), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Edward P. Boland, Massachusetts Silvio o. Conte, Massachusetts William H. Natcher, Kentucky Joseph M. McDade, Pennsylvania Neal Smith, Iowa John~. Myers, Indiana Joseph P. Addabbo, New York Clarence E. Miller, Ohio Sidney R. Yates, Illinois Lawrence Coughlin, Pennsylvania David R. Obey, Wisconsin c. w. Bill Young, Florida Edward R. Roybal, California Jack F. Kemp, New York Louis Stokes, Ohio Ralphs. Regula, Ohio Tom Bevill, Alabama George M. O'Brien, Illinois Bill Chappell, Jr., Florida Virginia Smith, Nebraska Bill Alexander, Arkansas Eldon Rudd, Arizona John P. Murtha, Pennsylvania Carl D. Pursell, Michigan Bob Traxler, Michigan Mickey Edwards, Oklahoma Joseph D. Early, Massachusetts Robert L. Livingston, Louisiana Charles Wilson, Texas s. William Green, New York Lindy (Mrs. Hale) Boggs, Louisiana Thomas G. ,Loeffler, Texas Norman D. Dicks, Washington Jerry Lewis, California Matthew F. McHugh, New York John Edward Porter, Illinois William Lehman, Florida Harold Rogers, Kentucky Martin ·Olav. Sabo, Minnesota J~e Skeen, New Mexico Julian c. Dixon, California Frank R. Wolf, Virginia Vic Fazio, California Bill Lowery, California w. G. (Bill) Hefner, North Carolina Les AuCoin, Oregon Daniel K. Akaka, Hawaii Wes Watkins, Oklahoma William H., Gray, III, Pennsylvania Bernard J. Dwyer, New Jersey William Hill Boner, Tennessee Steny H. Hoyer, Maryland Bob Carr, Michigan Robert J. Mrazek, New York Richard J. Durbin, Illinois Ronald D. Coleman, Texas · [Under Committee rules, the Chairman is a member of each subcommittee and the ranking minority member is an ex officio member of each subcommittee.] (See over for Appropriations Subcommittees on Labor-HHS American Library Association Education, Legislative, and Washington Office Treasury - Postal Service - March 1986 General Government.) - 2 - Labor-HHS-Education Appropriations Subcommittee William H. Natcher (D-KY), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Neal Smith, Iowa Silvio o. Conte, Massachusetts David R. Obey, Wisconsin George M. O'Brien, ~llinois Edward R. Roybal, California Carl D. Pursell, Michigan Louis Stokes, Ohio John Edward Porter, Illinois Joseph D. Early, Massachusetts c. w. , Bill Young, Florida Bernard J. Dwyer, New Jersey Steny H. Hoyer, Maryland Legislati,ve Appropriations Subcommittee Vic Fazio (D-CA), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS David R. Obey, Wisconsin Jerry Lewis, California Bill Alexander, Arkans.as Silvio o. Conte, Massachusetts John P. Murtha, Pennsylvania John T.r .Myers, Indiana Bob Traxler, Michigan John Edward Porter, l:llinois Lindy (Mrs. Hale) Boggs, Louisiana Treasury - Postal Service - General Government Appropriations Subcommittee Edward R. Roybal (D-CA), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Joseph P. Addabbo, New York Joe Skeen, New Mexico Daniel K. Akaka, Hawaii Bill Lowery, California Steny H. Hoyer, Maryland Frank R. Wolf, Virginia Ronald D. Coleman, Texas Sidney R. Yates, Illinois U.S. SENATE Committee on Appropriations 99th Congress, 2nd Session Marko. Hatfield (R-OR), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Ted Stevens, Alaska John c. Stennis, Mississippi Lowell P. Weiker, Jr., Connecticut Robert c. Byrd, .West Virginia James A. McClure, Idaho William. 'Proxmire, Wisconsin Paul Laxalt, Nevada Daniel K. Inouye, Hawaii Jake Garn, Utah Ernest F. Hollings, South Carolina Thad Cochran, Mississippi Lawton Chiles, Florida Mark Andrews, North Dakota J. Bennett Johnston, Louisiana James Abdnor, South Dakota Quentin N. Burdick, North Dakota Robert w. Kasten, Jr., Wisconsin Patrick J. Leahy, Vermont Alfonse D'Arnato, New York James R. Sasser, Tennessee Mack Mattingly, Georgia Dennis DeConcini, Arizona Warren B. Rudman, New Hampshire Dale Bumpers, Arkansas Arlen Specter, Pennsylvania Frank R. Lautenberg, New Jersey Pete v. Dornenici, New Mexico Torn Harkin, Iowa [Messrs. Hatfield and Stennis are nonvoting members of all subco~ittees of which they are not regular members.] ., ,, (See over for Appropriations Sub committees on Labor-HHS-Education American Library Association and Related Agencies, Legislative, Washington Office and Treasury, Postal Service, and March 1986 General Government.) - 2 - Labor-HHS-Education and Related Agencies Appropriations Subcommittee Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. (R-CT), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Marko. Hatfield, Oregon William Proxmire, Wisconsin Ted Stevens, Alaska Robert c., Byrd, West Virginia Mark Andrews, North Dakota Ernest Hollings, South Carolina Warren Rudman, New Hampshire Lawton Chiles, Florida Arlen Specter, Pennsylvania' Quentin N. Burdick, North Dakota Jame's A. McClure, Idaho Daniel K. Inouye, Hawaii Pete v. Dornenici, New Mexico Torn Harkin, Iowa Legislative Appropriations Subcommittee Alfonse D'Amato (R-NY), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Ted Stevens, Alaska Dale Bumpers, Arkansas Marko. Hatfield, Oregon Torn Harkin, Iowa Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Subcommittee James Abdnor (R-SD), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Paul Laxalt, Nevada Dennis DeConcini, Arizona Mack Mattingly, Georgia William Proxmire, Wisconsin ; . ,A · - 2 - U. S. HOUSE OF RE:E>:RE;SENTATIVES Committee on Government 1 0perations 99th Congress, 2nd Session Jack Brooks (D-TX), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Don Fuqua, Florida Frank Horton, New York John Conyers, Jr., Michigan Thomas N. Kindness, Ohio Cardiss Collins, Illinois Roberts. Walker, Pennsylvania Glenn English, Oklahoma William F. Clinger, Jr., Pennsylvania Henry A. Waxman, California Alfred A. (Al) McCandless, California Ted Weiss, New York Larry E. Craig, Idaho Mike Synar, Oklahoma Howard c. Nielson, Utah Stephen L. Neal, North Carolina Jim Saxton, New Jersey Doug Barnard, Jr., Georgia Patrick L. Swindall, Georgia Barney Frank, Massachusetts Thomas D. DeLay, Texas Torn Lantos, California Davids. Monson, Utah Robert E. Wise, Jr., West Virginia Joseph J. DioGuardi, New York Barbara Boxer, California John G. Rowland, Connecticut Sander M. Levin, Michigan Richard K. Arrney, Texas Major R. Owens, New York Jim Ross Lightfoot, Iowa Edolphus Towns, New York John R. Mi·ller, Washington John M. Spratt, Jr., South Carolina Beau Boulter, Texas Joe Kolter, Pennsylvania John E. Grothberg, Illinois Ben Erdreich, Alabama Gerald o;Kleczka; Wisconsin ' Albert G. Bustamante, Texas Matthew G. Martinez, California [The Chairman and ranking minority member are ex officio members of all sub committees on which they do not hold a regular assignment.] Government Information, Justice, and Agriculture Subcommittee Glenn English (D-OK), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Stephen L. Neal, North Carolina Thomas N. Kindness, Ohio Gerald D. Kleczka, Wisconsin Jim Ross Lightfoot, Iowa Stephen L. Neal, North Carolina Joseph J. DioGuardi, New York Robert E. Wise, Jr., West Virginia John R. Miller, Washington Edolphus Towns, New York John M. Spratt, Jr., South Carolina : :, . ': (See over for Senate Govern mental Affairs Committee) U.S. SENATE Committee on Governmental Affairs 99th Congress, 2nd Session William v. Roth, Jr. (R-DE), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Ted Stevens, Alaska Thomas F. Eagleton, Missouri Charles Mee. Mathias, Jr., Maryland Lawton Chiles, Florida Williams. Cohen, Maine Sam Nunn,_ Georgia Dave Durenbetger, Minnesota John Glenn, Ohio Warren Rudman, New Hampshire Carl M. Levin, Michigan Thad Co6hran,.,Mississippi Albert Gore, Jr., Tennessee .,, Civil Service, Post Office, and General Services ·subcommittee Ted Stevens (R-AK), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Charles Mee. Mathias, Jr., Maryland Albert Gore, Jr., Tennessee Dave Durenberger, Minnesota Carl M_. Levin, Michigan American Library Association Washington Office (See over for House Govern March 1986 ment Operations Committee) U.S. SENATE Committee on Labor and Human Resources 99th Congress, 2nd Session Orrin G. Hatch (R-UT), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Robert T. Stafford, Vermont Edward M. Kennedy, Massachusetts Dan Quayle, Indiana Claiborne Pell, Rhode Island Don Nickles, Oklahoma Howard M. Metzenbaum, Ohio Paula Hawkins, Florida Spark M. Matsunaga, Hawaii Strom Thurmond, South Carolina Christopher J. Dodd, Connecticut Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Connecticut Paul Simon, Illinois Malcolm Wallop, Wyoming John F. Kerryr Massachusetts Charles E. Grassley, Iowa [Mr. Hatch, chairman of the full committee is an ex officio member of all sub committee of which he is not a member.) Education, Arts and H_~a~ities Subcommittee Robert T. Stafford (R-VT), Chairman REPUBLICANS DEMOCRATS Orrin G. Hatch, Utah Claiborne Pell, Rhode Island Dan Quayle, Indiana Edward M. Kennedy, Massachusetts Lowell P. Weickerr Jr., Connecticut Christopher J. Dodd, Connecticut Malcolm Wallop, Wyoming Spark M. Matsunaga, Hawaii Strom Thurmond, South Carolina Paul Simon, Illinois American Library Association Washington Office March 1986 U.S. HOUSE OF .. REPRESENTATIVES Committee on Education and Labor · . 99th CongressJ i 2nd Session Augustus F. Hawkins (D.:.CA) '/ · Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS William D. Ford, ..Michigan James M. Jeffords, Vermont Joseph M. Gaydos, Pennsylvania . William F. Goodling, ·Pennsylvania William (Bill) Clay, Missouri E. Thomas Coleman, Missouri Mario Biaggi, New York Thomas E. Petri~ Wisconsin Austin J. Murphy, Pennsylvania Marge Roukema, New Jersey Dale E. Kildee, Mich~gan Steve Gunderson, Wisconsin Pat Williams, Montana Steve Bartlett, Texas Matthew G. Martinez, California Rod Chandler, Washington Major R. Owens, New York Thomas J. Tauke, Iowa Frederick c. Boucher, Virginia John R. Mckernan, Jr., Maine Charles A. Hayes, Illinois Richard K. Armey, Texas Carl c. Perkins, Kentucky Harris w. Fawell, Illinois Terry L. Bruce, Illinois Paul B. Henry, Michigan Stephen J. Solarz, New York Mervyn M. Dymally, California Dennis E. Eckart, Ohio Timothy J. Penny, Minnesota Chester G. Atkins, Massachusetts [The Chairman is an ex officio voting member of all subcommittees. The rank ing minority member, or his designee, is an ex officio voting member of all subcommittees. Designees will be indicated by an asterisk.] (See over for Subcommittees on American Library Association Elementary, Secondary and Vo Washington Office cational Education, and Post March 1986 secondary Education. - 2 - Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education Subcommittee Augustus F. Hawkins (D-CA), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS William D~ Ford, Michigan William F. Goodling, Pennsylvania Dale E. Kildee, Michigan Harris w. Fawell, Illinois Pat Williams, Montana Rod Chantller, Washington Frederick c. Boucher, Virginia John R. McKernan, Jr., Maine Major R. Owens, New York Richard K. Armey, Texas Matthew G. Martinez, California Steve Gqnderson, Wisconsin* Carl c. Perkins, Kentucky Stephen J. Solarz, New York .. Dennis E. Eckart, Ohio .. Postsecondary Education Subcommittee William D. Ford {D-MI), Chairman . DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Major R. Owens, New York E. Thomas Coleman, Missou·ri Pat Williams, Montana Steve Gunderson, Wisconsin Mario Biaggi, New York John R. McKernan, Jr., Maine Charles A~ Hayes, Illinois .Paul B. Henry, Michigan Carl C. Perkins, Kentucky William F. Goodling, Pennsylvania Terry L. Bruce, Illinois Thomas E. Petri, Wisconsin Stephen J. Solarz, New York Marge Roukema, New Jersey Mervyn M. Dymally, California Thomas J. Tauke, Iowa Dennis E. Eckart, Ohio Timothy J. Penny, Minnesota Chester G. Atkins, Massachusetts Joseph M. Gaydos, Pennsylvania U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Committee on Post Office and Civil Service 99th Congress, 2nd Session William D. Ford (D-MI), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS William (Bill) Clay, Missouri Gene Taylor, Missouri Patricia Schroeder, Colorado Benjamin A. Gilman, New York Stephen J. Solarz, New York Charles Pashayan, Jr., California Robert Garcia, New York Frank Horton, New York Mickey Leland, Texas John T. Myers, Indiana Gus Yatron, Pennsylvania Don Young, Alaska Mary Rose Oakar, Ohio James v. Hansen, Utah Gerry Sikorski, Minnesbta Dan Burton, Indiana F'rank Mccloskey, Indiana Gary L. Ackerman, New York Mervyn M. Dymally, California Ron de Lugo, Virgin Islands Morris K. Udall, Arizona [The 'Chairman and ranking minority· n'ieinber are ex officio voting members of any legislative subcommittee on which they do not hold a regular assignment.} Civil Service Subcommittee Patricia Schroeder (D-CO), Chairwoman DEMOCRATS , I .. : •1; ' REPUBLICANS Gerry Sikorski, Minnesota Charl~s Pa,i:lhayan, Jr., California Mervyn D. Dymally, California Frank Horton, New York Compensation and Employee Benefits Sub"<::ommittee Mary Rose Oakar (D-OH), Chairwoman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Mickey Leland, Texas John T. Myers, Indiana Stephen J. Solarz, New York Don Young, Alaska American Library Association Washington Office March 1986 (See over for other Subcommittees) - 2 - Human Resources Subcommittee Gary L. Ackerman (D-NY), Chairman .) ;,, DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS Gus Yatron, Pennsylvania Dan Burton, Indiana Morris K. Udali, Arizona Benjamin A. Gilman, New York Postal Operations and Services Subcommittee Mickey Leland (D-TX), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS William (Bill) Clay, Missouri Frank Horton, New York Robert Garcia, New York Charle~ ' Pashayan, Ji., California Ron de Lugo, Virgin Islands James V. Hansen, Utah Postal Personnel and Modernization Subcommittee Frank Mccloskey (D-IN), Chairman DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS William (Bill) Clay, Missouri Don Young, Alaska Mervyn M. Dymally, California Dan Burton, Indiana . _ . .., WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES Legislation for WHCLIS in 1989 As of March 27, 1986, 64 Representatives and 17 Senators had agreed to cosponsor the legislation calling for a WHCLIS in 1989. The measures, H.~.Res. 244 and s.J.Res. 112, were int~oduced, in April 1985 during National Library ·Week by. Rep. William Ford (D-MlVand Sen. Claiborne ;Pell CD-RI). Additional cosponso~, are needed. State H.J.Res. 244 Cosoonsors s.J.Res. 112 Cosoonsors AL AK AZ AR Hammerschmidt (R), Robinson (D) Bumpers (D) CA Burton (D), Fazio (D), Lantos (D), Martinez (D), Matsui (D) i : -· co CT Gejdenson (D), Kennelly (D) Dodd (D) DE DC Fauntroy (D) FL Lehman (D) .. -- Chiles (D) HI .. Akaka (D) IL Collin~ (D) -- Dixon (D), Simon (D) IN '' IA Leach (R) Grassley (R) KS Roberts CR) KY . LA Long (D) ME McKernan (R) MD Barnes (D), Mitchell (D) -i '; . Saibanes ·c D) : ,. MA Markey (D) MI Conyers (D), Crockett (D), Ford (D), Kildee (D) Riegle (D) MN Frenzel (R), Oberstar (D), Penny (D), Sabo (D), Sikorski (D), Weber (R) MS MO Clay (D), Young (D) MT Williams (D) Baucus (D), Melcher (D) NE NV NH NJ Dwyer (D), Guarini (DJ, Hughes (D), Rodino (D), Bradley (D) Roe (D) NM (over) - 2 '1 ·:,·\ ·,,, : , i .. _,._"'1 :,: ' --! ; . ~:'). ! /,' ,~ l •• ~tes -H.·J •.Res. 244 Cosoonsors . ' · ,.: s.J 4Res. 112 CosQonsors ' :,.; .. ,. ' I : e~ . r. : --· · ' ; ' "'v•• .. - NY Ackerman (D), Addabbo ( D), Biaggi ( D), D'Amato (R) DioGuardi ( R), Downey ( D), Fish ( R), Gilman (R), __•;, .• {"• ... ~ i Horton (R), Kemp : NC Rose ( D) ' ' . 1.'l.· . . • -~- . ND '~ ' · ·: ,. '. .. OH Feighan ( D), Traficant. ,(D) ~~· ' : ', OK ~ ( ! ' -- .. ; ; OR ''. PA .. ,:Heinz (R) PR Fuster (D) RI St. Germain ( D) Pell ( D) SC Hollings ( D), Thurmond (R) ...... " .. . ~-- -·-- ... ···--· - -~ .. .,;, ' ' ' ; ,. SD '. .. Pressler (R) TN I TX \ UT VT ... .. ~ ... i ..,i_...... ,, .h-. . - ". . ; .. VA ' WA l WV Mollohan ( D) '· :Rahall (D) WI Petri (R) WY .. - -..., .·.. " ' American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440. March 1986 LEGISLATIVE DAY IN WASHINGTON, D. C. - APRIL 8, 1986 •.· .,·.·' (Each participant should fill out a separate form. Please complete and leave with ALA Washington Office staff 2£ Legislative Day volunteer, 2£ mail to ALA Washing ton Office, 110 Maryland Ave., N.E., Suite 101, Washington, DC, 20002. Thank yov.) Your name ------Your state ______Your title/affiliation Phone number ______Address ------ REPORT ON CONGRESSIONAL OFFICE VISITS List .the n~es of legislators visited and primary contact in each office (the person: with whom you spent the most time): 1. Legislator Contact & titl.e ·------Comments ______..... 2. Legislator Contact & title . . ------Comments 3. Legislator ------ Contact & title Comments 'l .• 4. Legislator------ Contact & title Comments ••. , •• .0...1,-· ...... (over) STATUS OF MAJOR LIBRARY-RELATED LEGISLATION ACTIVE THIS MONTH As of March 27, 1986 (as of spring recess) Senate House=----- CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET s.con.Res.120 Budget Com. Congr. budget resolution approved by Sen. to be on Sen. preparing Budget Com. assumes that educ. & library floor week of to mark up programs & postal revenue forgone would 4/7 or 4/14 be frozen at post Gramm-Rudman-Hollings cut levels in FY '87; would allow 6 more ,•j months of revenue sharing if Congress extends it & finds revenues to pay for it. A floor amendment will be offered by Sen. Andrews (R-ND) & others to add $1.2 billion to bring educ. (incl. libs.) up to current services level. LABOR-HHS-EDUCATION APPROPRIATIONS, FY 1987 ED Secy Bennett Approp. Administration budget would; for 5th year testifies Subcom. in a row, eliminate Library Services and 4/9, 9:30 am hearings Construction Act and Higher Education Act Dirksen Rm 116 underway title II library programs. FY 1986 RESCISSION PROPOSALS Neither Hse. nor Sen. L-HHS-ED Administration has proposed rescission or Approp. Subcoms. have so far cancellation of all FY '86 funds for LSCA considered approving rescissions II & VI and HEA II-B & C. Assuming no congr. action to approve these rescissions, funds must be released 4/15. · ·Proposal itself means over half fiscal year is gone before funds for these current funded programs can be released. POSTAL REVENUE FORGONE Postal Rate Commission hearings FY '86: Insufficient approp·. plus Gramm on preferred rates underway at Rudman-Hollings cut caused preferred rate request of congr. postal corns. increases Jan. 1 & Mar. 9. A ·2-lb., 4th class library rate book pkg. went up 24%, then 10% more. FY '87: As proposed last Approp. Approp. year, Administration would eliminate all Subcorn. Subcorn. postal revenue forgone approp. Result hearings hearings would be another 27% increase for library underway underway rate Oct. 1 as all subsidized rates would be raised to full commercial rates. HIGHER EDUCATION ACT REAUTHORIZATION s. 1965 HR 3700; Both Hse. & Sen. versions are 5-yr. ext. & Labor & Human passed amendment of HEA with II-A college library Resources 350-67 grants with need criteria developed by Corn. approved 12/4/85 academic lib. community, II-B lib. training unan. 3/19/86 & research, & II-C research lib. grants. Hse. but not Sen. incl. II-D tech. grants for acad. libs. Hse. incl • . $1 million auth. in title VI for foreign periodical · acq.; Sen. is similar but with no separate funds. Sen. has lower funding ceilings. (over) - 2 - As of March 27, 1986 (as of spring_r~e.;c_.c_c~e~s_s~)___ _c.=.. S~e~n~a~t~e;...__ House WHC ON LIBRARY & INFORMATION SERVICES S.J.Res.112 H.J.Res.244 nesolutions introduced by Sen. Pell (D-RI) introduced introduced & Rep. Ford (D-MI) call for 2nd WHCLIS in 4/16/85 4/18/85 1989, 10 yrs~ after 1st. Sponiors & cosponsors total 17 Senators & 64 Reps. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS BUDGET Joint Committee on Library plaris FY '86: Insufficient approp. plus Gramm May 9 hearing on impact of cuts Rudman-Hollings cut leave LC with $18.3 million or 8% less than FY '85. Resulting fiscal emergency requires elim. 300 jobs, closing reading rooms Sundays & most even ings, & reducing items bought, cataloged, preserved, & made avail. to blind. FY '87: Approp. Approp. · LC reduced budget request from $266,197,000 Subcom •. Subcom. to $260,750,DOO~ would restore cuts & hearings hearings barely keep pace with increased costs. underway underway GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE BUDGET Joint Committee on Printing sent FY '86: Due to Gramm-Rudman-Hollings cut, March 14 letter to all Reps. & _ Hse. & Sen. Docs. Rooms will be closed to Sens. outlining cuts in congr. public who must purchase bills, repts., printing & distribution etc., from GPO bookstores. Print runs will be reduced & legislators discouraged from providing copies to constituents. SuDocs, supporting depository lib. distrib., is Approp. Approp. down 14% below FY '85. FY '87: GPO Subcom. Subcom. requested $27,835,000 for SuDocs, still hearings hearings below operating level of FY '85. underway underway NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR HUMANITIES Approp. Approp. Admin. budget is $126,440,000, a 10% cut. Subcom. Subcom. Humanities Projects in Libraries would be hearings hearings cut 52%, to $1,400,000. underway underway NATIONAL ARCHIVES, NATIONAL HISTORICAL Approp. Approp. PUBLICATIONS & RECORDS COMMISSION Subcom. Subcom. Admin. request for NARA is $101,321,000, hearings hearings up slightly. NHPRC grants, ($4 million underway underway approp. in FY '86) would again be elim. NATIONAL SCHOOL LIBRARY MONTH S.J.Res.52 S.J.Res.52 Resolution declares April 1986 Natl. passed by passed by School Library Month. Sen. res. was voice vote voice vote April 1985, but was amended on March 27. 4/15/85 2/6/86 GRAMM-RUDMAN-HOLLINGS. FY '86: March 1 Automatic budget-cut-trigger 4.3% cut in nonexempt domestic programs provision of Balanced Budget & caused 17 states to return some LSCA funds, Emergency Deficit Control Act Library of Congress fiscal emergency, (PL 99-177) has been found closing of Hse. & Sen. Docs. Rms. to pub unconstitutional by district lic, etc. FY '87: If automatic cuts are court. Supreme Court will rule triggered, a further 25% cut is expected. this session. American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440 THE I' ASIIINGTONPOST January 10, 1986 THE-FEDERALREPORT (ALMOST)EVERYTHING W>U EVER WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT GRAMM-RUDMAN ------he .Jl'OCfll of complyt1111 with ttle Gramm-Rudman -Hollings submission to Congress of President Reagan's budget for fiscal 1987 , T balanced-budpt_act. fonnafly known as the Balanced Budget and scherluled for Feb. 3. It is expected to include more than $50 billion in Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, begins today. Unless the courts rule spending cuts to achieve the Gramm -Rudman -Holhngs deficit target of $144 that the leiislation is unconstitutional, Gramm -Rudman -Hollings will take billion for that year. effect in the last t4Mlfl months of fiscal 1986. Congress then faces a series of df'adlines, imposed by First. the Congressional Budget Office and the president's Office of Gmmm-Rudman-Hollings, for approval of its usual batch of fiscal measures Management and Budsct jointly make a revised projection, or "snapshot," of for the year, including a budget resolution , appropriations· bills and the deficit for the 1986 fiscal year, which ends Sept 30. They report their "reconc:1lialion" legislation to bring spC'ndmg in line with budget targets. f1m1lngs to the General Accounting Office. If the dP.flcit exceeds the $17 l . Vol 131 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1985 No. 171 House of Representatives The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 was given final approval by Congress on December 11, 1985, and signed into law by President Reagan December 12 (H.J.Res. 372, now PL 99-177). Known as the Gramm Rudman-Hollings amendment after its chief Senate sponsors, it would balance the federal budget over six years through a process involving automatic II seques t rat' 10n II or 1mpoun• d ment of funds for the 27 percent of federal programs not exempt from cuts. Library programs will be affected beginning with FY 1986. A summary of this sweeping new process was included in the December 11 Congressional -Record, and is reprinted below. (pp. H11876-7) BALANCED BUDGET AND EMERGENCY O1':FICIT amount for FY 1986 would be $171.9 billion. September 1.-The Presidential order is CONTROL ACT OF 1985 In January a "snapshot" would be taken of issued based on the GAO report. the FY 1986 deficit amounts by 0MB and October 1.-The order takes effect. SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE AGREEMENT CEO. New economic forecasts would be October 5.-OMB and CBO issue a revised An automatic deficit reduction procedure used. The amount to be sequestered for :py report to reflect final congressional action. would be established for FY 1986 through 1986 would be determined by subtracting October 10.-GAO issues a revised report FY 1991, when the deficit would reach zero. $171.9 billion from the adjusted deficit to the President. The deficit targets for each fiscal year amount and multiplying the result by 7/,2s, October 15.-The final order, ba.5ed on the would be as follows: with the further stipulation that the maxi revised report, is effective. Fiscal year 1986: $171.9 billion. mum sequestration would be $20 billion on November 15.-GAO Compliance report Fiscal year 1987: $144 billion. an annual basis. For this fiscal year only, se issued. Fiscal year 1988: $108 billion. questration would begin on March 1. The Under this timetable, the month of Sep Fiscal year 1989: $72 billion. maximum sequestration for FY 1986 is $11.7 tember would be set aside for a congression Fiscal year 1990: $36 billion. billion. Therefore, the 7/ , 2 fraction Is the al response to the sequestration order. Fiscal year 1991: Zero. number of months remaining In fiscal year In the event that the deficit is anticipated 3. The Presidential Order 1986 divided by 12. In FY 1986 and FY 1991, The amount to be sequestered is split 50- to exceed the required levels for any fiscal sequestration would occur if the deficit ex year: the automatic procedure would be 50 between defense and non-defense to ceeded the target by any amount. achieve the deficit reduction specified in the used to achieve across the board reductions In FY 1987-90, sequestration would occur in the F'ederal budget. GAO report. The non-defense category only if the deficit exceeded the target would consist of the automatic spending in amount by at least $10 billion. 1. Trigger mechanism crease programs. all non-defense controlla The accelerated timetable for fiscal year ble expenditures and half of the Federal re The Office of Management and Budget 1986 would be as follows: (0MB) and the Congressional Budget Office January 10.-The "snapshot" of the defi tirement COLA's. The defense category (CEO) would submit a report to the General cit for fiscal year 1986 is taken. would consist of all of budget function 050 Accounting Office (GAO). This report January 15.-OMB and CEO report to and the remaining half of the Federal re would estimate the deficit for the fiscal year GAO. tirement COLA's. and the amount by which the deficit ex January 20.-GAO issues the report to the The Presidential order must strictly ceeds the level specified above. In the event President, based on the findings of CEO and adhere to the determinations set f,orth in that the automatic deficit reduction proce 0MB. the GAO report and must be consistent dure Vol 131 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 1985 p. S4249 No. 44 June 19, 1985 Sen. Claiborne Pell (D-RI), the original sponsor of legislation resulting in the 1979 WHCLIS, (Rep. Ford continued) introduced April 16 S.J.Res.112, calling for a 2nd The president of the American Li White House Conference on Library and Information brary Association, E.J. Josey, of the Services no later than 1989. His introductory New York State Library, has stated the Issue succinctly: statement is reprinted here. The companion bill, Nobody would deny the utility of many of H.J.Res.244, was introduced April 18 by Rep. Bill these services provided by the private sector, but [they] are not available to all of Ford (D-MI). His introductory speech of June 19 the American people; their purpose is to is reprinted on the reverse of this sheet. yield a profit, and they are designed only for those who can pay for them. Nor do they have any obligation to provide access to all or any information; only that informa By Mr. PELL: fiche, and audio tapes. More recently, tion which suppliers deem profitable or po tentially so. Only the preservation of public S.J. Res. 112. Joint resolution to au libraries have been turning to auto services, publicly supported, can assure that thorize and request the President to mated circulation systems, computer each individual has equal and ready access call a White House Conference on Li ized resource, sharing networks, and to information, whether provision of that brary and Information Services to be other high tech devices no modernize information to that individual is economic held not later than 1989, and for other their services and to increase produc (i.e., profitable in private sector terms) or purposes; to the Committee on Labor tivity in order to keep up with increas not. · and Human Resources. ingly sophisticated user demands. The purpose of House Joint Resolu Accordingly, it appears none to soon tion 244 calling for a White House for library users, civic leaders, and law Conference on Library and Informa makers at all levels to join forces in tion Services in 1989 is simple: To working with librarians and suppliers build public awareness of the precari of library and informaiion service ous state of American library service WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON LIBRARY AND products to consider what new direc today and to facilitate informed, grass INFORMATION SERVICES tions we expect our libraries to take in roots, policymaking concerning the • Mr. PELL. Mr. President, during the future. Because so much informa future of all types of libraries. Postal this 28th annual observance of Nation tion becomes available only online and policies, Federal information guide al Library Week Vol. HI WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 19, 1985 p. H4526f No. 82 Rep. William Ford (D-MI), House Postsecondary that every extra dollar libraries must spend on postage is a dollar less for Education Subcommittee Chairman, introduced April P~~chase of liI:>rary resources and pro 18 H.J.Res.244, calling for a 2nd White House v1s1on of services. Equally obvious is Conference on Library and Information Services no the fact that if libraries are forced to pass on increased costs to their users later than 1989. His introductory statement of libraries will begin to serve only thos~ June 19 is reprinted here. The companion bill, who can afford to pay for the service. Thus the relationship between S.J.Res.112, was introduced April 16 by Sen. postal policy and library service is of Claiborne Pell (D-RI). His introductory speech is crucial importance. In fact, the setting reprinted on the reverse of this sheet. of postal policy can alter drastically the r~le of the library in our society. The library of today-a publicly sup AMERICA'S LIBRARIES IN CRISIS ported institution providing a public The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under but which in fact may jeopardize service to all-could become an institu a previous order of the House, the gen American libraries to the core. tion charging fees for its services thus tleman from Michigan [Mr. FORD] is For example, as chairman of the limiting its clientele to the afflue~t. recognized for 5 minutes. House Post Office and Civil Service Another example of Federal policy e Mr. FORD qf Michigan. Mr. Speak Committee, I have had an opportunity promulgation with serious impact on er, on April 18, 1985, I introduced leg to learn firsthand how postal policies libraries is embodied in the recent islation calling for a White House Con can affect library service. The mailing Office of Management and Budget ference on Library and Information of newspapers, magazines, books, and draft circular purporting to provide a Services (H.J. Res. 244). Because c~assroom publications has been subsi general policy framework for manage events of the last few months have dized for many years through the set ment of Federal information re demonstrated that the need for such a ting of postal rates. The primary pur sources. (Management of Federal In conference is· urgent, .I would like to pose of the subsidy has been to pro formation Resources, Draft 0MB Cir take this opportunity to state the case mote the dissemination of information cular, 50 FR 10734 (over) ~ongrrssional Rrcord Vol 132 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, MARCH 4, 1986 (pp. E588-9) No. 23 House of Representatives DR. DANIEL BOORSTIN: AN INTELLECTUAL PAUL REVERE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS SOUNDS ALARM ON DOUBLE CUTS HON. VIC FAZIO OF CALIFORNIA Libnrian of Congress Daniel Boorstin, in an eloquent statement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the House Legislative Appropriations Subcommittee, later Tuesday, March 4, 1986 inserted in the Congressional Record by Chairman Vic Fazio Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, on March 1, 1986, (D-CA), warned that the "greatest library on Earth" could be the first sequestration order under the "disintegrated in a decade" if the cuts imposed on the Library Gramm-Rudman Emergency Balanced Budget of Congress this year are not restored. and Deficit Reduction Act of 1985 took effect. Every agency in the Federal Government felt Congressional funding to LC in FY 1986 was cut 3.5% below FY the sting of the automatic, across-the-board '85. On March 1, 1986, the Balanced Budget and Emergency cuts; each agency has had to make painstak Deficit Control Act (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings) imposed an addi ing decisions on how to meet the reduction tional 4. 3% cut on ·all nonexempt domestic programs. Together targets mandated by Gramm-Rudman. these cuts reduced LC's funding by million. LC's FY As chairman ·of the Legislative Branch Sub $18.3 '87 committee of the House Appropriations Com request is $260,750,000, 9% above two years ago; it would mittee, I have heard testimony from each of restore the cuts and cover (barely) increased costs. the agencies falling within the purview of my subcommittee. The very stringent fiscal year FY '86 FY '86 Funds 1986 appropriations which trimmed the legis Funding After Cuts lative budget by 11 percent, combined with Library of Congress $238,542,000 $220,269,000 the March 1 Gramm-Rudman sequestration Selected LC Programs will seriously erode the ability of these agen Research 6 Reader Services 27,323,000 26,485,000 cies to continue the essential services the Purchase of Books 5,242,000 4,091,000 Congress and the public depend upon. Preparation of Books 43,194,000 42,935,000 Dr. Daniel Boorstin, the Librarian of Con Preservation 7,065,000 5,762,000 gress, clearly laid out the ramifications of the budgetary cuts. In presenting his testimony to Automation 17,653,000 16,353,000 my subcommittee, Dr. Boorstin acted as an Books for the Blind 36,592,000 32,309,000 "intellectual Paul Revere" in sounding the alarm about the future of our great National The effect of the cuts: Some 300 positions are being Library. I am inserting Dr.Boorstin's testimony eliminated, affecting all areas of the Library. Reading room in the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD so all may un public service hours are being cut from 77½ to 54½ per week. derstand what these reductions truly mean. All Sunday and holiday hours are being eliminated and all STATEMENT BY DANIEL J. BOORSTIN, THE LI- evening hours except Wednesday. Local researchers who work BRARIAN OF CONGRESS BEFORE THE SUBCOM· and out-of-town scholars on limited travel will have restricted MITTEE ON LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATIONS, COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS, U.S. access to LC's unique resources. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, FEBRUARY 20, 1986 The 22% cut in purchasing means fewer new materials of all Mr. Chairman, and members of the Com kinds, collection gaps unfilled and few rare items bought. mittee. I want to thank you for this oppor Items not purchased, especially foreign materials, may not be in tunity to appear before this Committee to describe the needs of the Library of Con print or available in future years. About 25, 000 books will not gress for fiscal year 1987. · be cataloged this year, affecting the comprehensiveness and In the past, on this occasion, I have made quality of the nation's bibliographic databases. Most libraries a general statement and also filled in the rely on LC's cataloging records. About 77,000 LC books reach outlines of our budgetary request with the figures for the several items. This morning, a brittle state each year, but preservation microfilming will be with the permission of the Committee, I will cut 25%, and 75,000 books will go without binding. In follow another procedure. Because of the automation LC is a pioneer; its productivity as well as other urgencies, which will appear as I go on, I libraries' ability to use technology will be affected by cuts. will devote my statement to the large cur cumstances which explain our budgetary re quest, the significance of what we are The National Library Service for the Blind and Physically asking for, and the consequences of our re Handicapped is being cut 12%, resulting in 80,000 fewer copies quests being granted, or not being granted. of braille and recorded magazines and 2,000 fewer braille book I must warn the Committee in advance that my statement, unlike all previous state copies. Patrons can now subscribe to braille and recorded ments I have given to this friendly and gen magazines only when current users leave the program or drop a erous Committee, will sound an alarm. It is magazine. The waiting list is growing at 1,000 names per not, however, because I am an alarmist month. whom the dictionary describes as "a person who habitually spreads alarming rumors, exaggerated reports of danger, etc." Quite the contrary. The Library of Congress has, I hope, acquired a reputation for honesty and conservatism In its requests to this Commit- (Please turn over) tee, and in its projections for the future. These steps are abhorrE!nt r.o \lS as citizens Dare we say, simply, that our Nation, per This ·committee has always been sympa of a democratic Nation. But I' can assure haps the first Nation on Earth explicitly thetic, and even generous, to the Library, you that we have spent more hours than I founded on knowledge, is now ready to dis and I like to think this is in part at least be can count in meetings of our Library's staff integrate and destroy its own foundations. cause we have done our bit, never asked for devoted, not as I would have hoped, to dis Knowledge is not a rock that we inherit what we· did · not need, and always shared covering ways to be more serviceable to the from the geologic past, it is a living growing with your helpful staff suggestions as to Congress and to the Nation, and to find ra organism constantly in need of nourishment how our requests might be prudently pared. tional and deliberate ways to secure econo and renewal-the special task of your Li But this is not just another budget year. mies-but rather to figure out how to meet brary of Congress. The situation of your, of our, Library is seri the sudden demand for a Procrustes cut in The disaster which I describe, the shame ous, it is even dangerous, and could become each of our appropriations by an arbitrary which will come on this Nation, if the Con tragic for our nation, the Congress, and the percentage. How to find the least damaging gress pursues a policy of disintegrating its whole world of learning. I would be falling ways to obey the law? The morale of our Library, can be averted only if this Commit in my oath of office if I did not take this op staff inevitably suffers. Not only from the tee restores in our 1987 budget the cuts portunity to sound the alarm, and Inform need to dismiss some of our ablest people, made in 1986, and keeps your Library thriv the·Committee as clearly and as honestly as but from the feeling that the excellence of ing and growing, to keep pace with the I can of what is happening to your great Li this institution and Its services goes unrec progress of knowledge and the need for in brary, and what will happen if this Commit ognized and unrewarded. We have become formation. Of course, it is within the power tee-the only agency of our government the bewildered victims of a mysterious num of Congress to proceed as it wishes. But it is with the power to act-does not act prompt bers-game. my sworn duty under the Constitution to ly. This is then a time of crisis in you library, alert the Congress to what it is doing, and Only 15 months from now, during fiscal in Congress' library, In the Nation's library. use all my efforts to save the Congress and year 1987, the nation will begin to celebrate Yet for our nation and the world, these are all of us from a historic disaster. the Bicentenary of our Constitution. Exact the times that try men's minds, that tax our The Congress has become understandably ly 199 years ago, the Americans of the consciousness, our · resources of wisdom, suspicious of all claims for priority on our former colonies were selecting their dele knowledge, and information. Threats from Nation's public resources. We have been gates to the Constitutional Convention without and problems within demand every told that the "Government" should only which opened with a quorum in Philadel take on what the "Government" can afford. phia on May 25, 1787. The most recent Li shred of the most ancient wisdom and the But I would respectfully suggest that the brary of Congress Building was built by the most re~ent Information-to cope with the challenges of a nuclear war, to seize the op "Government" can afford nothing, not one Congress as a monument to James Madison, bomber or aircraft carrier. It is the Ameri the leading chronicler of that meeting, and portunities of unprecedented technological can people who can or cannot afford. And a principal architect of the Constitution. So progress, to enrich the resources of free the Congress determines the priorities in ex that building, all the Library of Congress, dom. We, the greatest library on Earth serv pending what they provide. The fact that our collections, our staff-are dedicated to ing the greatest republic, are needed as some claims of priority are ill-founded or bi the proposition that free government is never before by an imprisoned humanity. zarre does not mean that there are no prior based on free, copious, and current access to For many-perhaps most-peoples of the ities. The fact that "special interests" seek knowledge. It would be a historic irony-the Earth, those behind the Iron Curtain and in improper special consideration does not only analogy I can think of is the burning of other enslaved nations, this Library remains mean that there are no rational or patriotic the ancient Library of Alexandria In the only place where they can freely learn priorities. Among these, alongside our Na Egypt-if the Congress should choose this about themselves. tion's defense, we must put our Nation's anniversary to direct and promote the disin This crisis has not been created by the Li knowledge. An ignorant Nation, an incom tegration of this great institution. brary of Congress. Our Nation's library re pletely informed Congress, will not have the The greatest of republics has been served mains respected and envied worldwide. The power to defend itself. Nor can a Nation by the greatest of the world's libraries. But crisis has not been created by inexpertise, that undervalues knowledge hope to remain this will not continue to be possible, unless neglect, waste, indolence, or dishonesty in free. the Congress takes measures to repair the the Library of Congress. It has been created I beg this Committee to recognize that damage done and to be done by the vast and by the Congress, the same institution and knowledge is not simply another commodi unprecedented cuts in the Library's budget. the same people who have built this great ty. On the contrary. Knowledge is never As the Librarian who has had a most cordial Library, and to whom it belongs before all used up; it increases by diffusion, and grows and respectful relation to this Committee, I others. by dispersion. Knowledge and information cannot help communicating to the Commit If the announced budgetary policy is pur cannot be quantitatively assessed, as a per tee some bafflement, sadness, and dismay sued for the Library of Congress, the Na centage of the GNP. Any willful cut in our from my colleagues at the Library, that the tion's library-your main resource of knowl resources of knowledge is an act of self-de Library should have been singled out for a edge and information-will quickly deterio struction. double dose of cuts this year, while some rate. It has taken two centuries to build this I said at the outset that I am not an other libraries within the government have institution. It can be disintegrated in a alarmist, bu.t an honest person sounding the had their appropriations modest_ly in decade and destroyed in two decades. And so alarm. We have seen many groups march on creased. As this Committee is aware, our it will be unless the fiscal policy toward the Washington-farmers, advocates of school regular bu(iget for the current year had Library is repaired and reversed. prayer, and many others-all witness to the been cut by $8.4 million below that for the This greatest library on Earth-a monu constitutional freedom of all of us to peti previous year even before current Gramm ment to our Founders' faith in knowledge, a tion our representatives in Congress. The Rudman-Hollings brought this cut to a total byproduct of our Nation's faith in freedom strength-and the weakness-of the cause of more than $18 million. of inquiry, will become a byword and a which I espouse on behalf of the Congress' Let me summarize the general conse ,ymbol of Nation's lack of faith in itself, a Library and the World o( Learning is pre quences of these cuts, which foreshadow a symptom of a Nation in.terror and decline. cisely that we do not speak for any special tragic future ahead of us. Never before in Historians will not fail to note that a people interest or any one party or opinion. The peacetime have the following consequences who could spend $300 billion on their de cause of knowledge is the most general of ensued: fense would not spend $18 million on their all interests for a free people. The benefici 1. The nation's library will cease collecting knowledge~and could not even keep their aries of knowledge, of the information sup needed current material. libraries open in the evening. Historians will plied to Congress and the free explorers of 2. Doors to the nation's library will bt, look with amazement and incredulity at a knowledge, are everywhere. Their largest closed for lack of funds to provide normai Nation that could once afford to build grand numbers are still unborn. We will fail in out security. structures bearing the names of Thomas duty to our posterity if we do not hand· on 3. Hours of service will be curtailed, clos Jefferson, John Adams, and James Madi to them the fully-stocked, properly orga ing on Sundays and holidays, and all eve son-all lovers and champions of knowl nized treasure of wisdom of the past which nings except Wednesdays, making the Li edge-yet decided it could no longer afford it has taken us two centuries to accumulate. brary's services and resources inaccessible to to acquire as effectively and abundantly as As a servant of the Congress, I beg this any person who must hold down a regular possible, the current sources of knowledge. Committee to do what It can to repair the job. They will recall the last epoch of the damage being done by budgetary cuts. To 4. Materials acquired will remain uncata Roman Empire when Romans were so fear restore your great resource of knowledge, loged and hence inaccessible. ful of the barbarians that they imitated the your Library, to its stature, its progress, and 5. Materials deteriorating for lack of treat barbarians. Thes.e are not the priorities of its promise. My eloquent predecessor, ment will not be preserved. These are only a civilization and freedom. during the last World War, described the Li few of the disastrous consequences for the The two large retreats mandated on us by brary of Congress as a Fortress of Freedom. Congress, the Nation, and the world of the Congress are both antidemocratic and There can be no more accurate description learning. This damage is accelerating, and antiknowledge. How can we justify or ex of our proper role, and the priority that to a considerable extent will be irreparable. plain this to our people or to the world? your Committee should help restore. SUMMARYOF AMERICANLIBRARY ASSOCIATION APPROPRIATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS FY 1987 Labor-HHS-Education Appropriations FY 1986 FY 1986 FY 1986 FY 1987 FY 1987 FY 1987 Appro- After 4.3 1 Rescissio~ Authori- Reagan ALA Recom3 Library Programs Eriation Sequester Prop_osal zation Reguest mendation Library Services & Construction Act TOTAL $120,500,000 $115,318,000 -$26,318,000 $170,000,000 -0- $126,525,000 Title I, Public Library Services 75,000,000 71,774,000 85,000,000 -0- 78,750,000 II, Public Library Construction 22,500,000 21,533,000 -21,533,000 50,000,000 -0- 23,625,000 III, Interlibrary Cooperation 18,000,000 17,226,000 - 30,000,000 -0- 18,900,000 IV, Indian Libs. (funded at 2% setaside of appropriations for LSCA I, II, & Ill) VI, Lib. Literacy 5,000,000 4,785,000 -4,785,000 5,000,000 -0- 5,250,000 4 Hi~her Education Act TOTAL $ 7,000,000 $ 6,699,000 -$6,699,000 $ 30,000,000 -0- $ 12,350,000 II-A, College Lib. Title 4 Resources -0- -0- 12,500,000 -0- 5,000,000 5 11-B, Lib. Training 4 and Research 1,000,000 957,000 -957,000 5,000,000 -0- 1,050,000 11-C, Research 4 Libraries 6,000~000 5,742,QOO -5,742,000 12,500,000 -0- 6,300,000 Education Consolidation & Improvement Act Chapter 2 El/Sec Eguc. State Block Grant 528,909,000 506,166,000 such sums 528,909,000 555,354,000 National Commission on , Libraries & Info. Science 690,000 660,000 750,000 690,000 725,000 Center for Stati~tics, ED (incl. library surveys) 8,747,000 8,371,000 14,000,000 12,000,000 12,000,000 Natl. Lib. of Medicine (incl. Medical Lib. Asst. Act) 57,808,000 55,322,000 such sums 56,408,000 60,698,000 ~Balanced Budget-Emergency Deficit Control Act (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Amendment) required 4.3% cut March 1, 1986. ALA recommends that Congress the Administration's rescission proposals for programs. 3 reject library ALA recommends funding amounts maintain the (before G-R-H 4 at required to current level of services sequester). As in House-passed HR 3700; Senate Subcommittee's S. 1965 has $5,000,000, $1,050,000 and $6,300,000 for II-A, B & C. ~Would fund about 1,000 neediest institutions under need criteria included in both HR 3700 and S. 1965. Forward funded consolidation of 28 programs incl. former ESEA IV-B School Library Resources and Instruct. Equipment. WHAT THE STATES WOULD LOSE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES (LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT TITLE I) Purposes Grants to the states for the extension and improvement of public library services to geographic areas or groups of persons in the state for whom current services are inadequate. When appropriations exceed $60 million, a portion of the addi t-.ional i:unds is earmarked for urban libraries. Appropriation FY 1986 $75,000,000 After 4.3% Sequester FY 1986 71,774,000 Budget Request FY 1987 -o- RECOMMENDATION FY 1987 78,500,000 Impact of Proposed Program Elimination: In FY '87, for the fifth year in a row, the Administration proposes zero LSCA funding. Despite these recommendations, Congress held the appropriations at the FY '85 level. This was subsequently reduced by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramrn Rudman-Hollings). Although federal funding accounts for only four percent of public library support, these funds enable libraries to serve disadvantaged citi zens who otherwise would be denied access to library services enjoyed by others. Because LSCA is not yet advance funded, the impact of zero-funding would be imme diate. If LSCA is zero-funded, the states would lose the following sums based on the FY '86 appropriations ------·-·-What States- -would- - --Lose------·------What States Would Lose Sta~e __ , ____ Ba,_s..e.. American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440. March 1986 WHAT THE STATES WOULD LOSE PUBLIC LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION (LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT TITLE II) Purpose: Grants to states for building new library structures, purchase of existing historic buildings for conversion to public libraries, renovation of libraries and initial equipment except books. Includes remodeling to meet handi capped accessibility requirements, to conserve energy and to accommodate new technology. Federal share of each project may not exceed one half. Appropriation FY 1986 $22,500,000 After 4.31 Sequester FY 1986 21,533,000 Rescission Request FY 1986 -o- Budget Request FY 1987 -o- RECOMMENDATION FY 1987 23,625,000 Impact of Proposed Program Eliminations The Administration has recommended elimi nation of LSCA title II for the fifth year in a row. Additionally, a request to rescind, or un-appropriate, funds for FY '86 has been made. In FY '85, of the approximately 665 local project applications submitted to state library agencies, only about 290 could be funded. Many of those unfunded have been resubmitted and are competing with new projects in the FY '86 cycle. Federal funds are desperate ly needed to help provide adequate library facilities. If LSCA II is zero-funded, the states would lose the following amounts based on the FY '86 appropriation: What States Would Lose What States Would Lose State Based on $21.102.000* State Based on $21.102,000* AL $ 363,355 MT $ 154,187 AK 131,980 NE 206,113 AZ 297,467 NV 159,639 AR 254,583 NH 163,695 CA 1,774,544 NJ 596,260 co 309,168 NM 193,015 CT 308,703 NY 1,274,361 DE 140,291 NC 503,976 DC 141,421 ND 145,278 FL 814,204 OH 813,805 GA 481,104 OK 320,072 HI 167,684 OR 276,723 ID 165,623 PA 890,465 IL 862,873 PR 316,881 IN 463,817 RI 163,562 IA 293,079 SC 316,482 KS 261,298 SD 146,474 KY 346,867 TN 410,894 LA 395,203 TX 1,149,100 ME 176,128 UT 207,576 MD 385,828 VT 134,906 MA 483,165 VA 469,402 MI 701,708 WA 386,027 MN 375,523 WV 230,448 MS 271,603 WI 415,548 MO 429,975 WY 134,307 * Of the $22,500,000 appropriated, 4.31 was cut March 1 due to the Gramm-Rudman Hollings sequester order, and 21 is setaside for LSCA IV Library Services for Indian Tribes and Hawaiian Natives. American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440. March 1986 WHAT THE STATES WOULD LOSE INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION (LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT TITLE III) Purpose: Grants to states for planning, establishing and operating cooperative networks of libraries at local, regional or interstate levels. These cooperative networks provide for "the systematic and effective coordination of the resources of school, public, academic and special libraries and information centers for improved supplementary services for the special clientele served by each type of library or center." Appropriation FY 1986 $18,000,000 After 4.3% Sequester FY 1986 17,226,000 Budget Request FY 1987 -o- RECOMMENDATION FY 1987 18,900,000 Impact of Proposed Program Elimination: Interlibrary cooperation of all kinds has been stimulated by LSCA III. Zeroing-out title III will severely limit the effec tiveness of the cooperative library networks operating in all 50 states. These networks are able to serve the public efficiently because each library shares its resources with other libraries. Private telecommunications lines allow networks of libraries to communicate with each other, but AT&T is raising these rates sig nificantly and making library networks more costly. Books and other materials are often shared by sending them through the U.S. Postal Service. These rates have been raised twice since January 1, 1986. A two-pound book package now costs $.74 to send. Zero LSCA III funding would strike an unbearable blow to many struggling library networks. I What States Would Lose What States Would Losej !state Based on $16 881 000* State Based on $16 881,000* AL $ 285,839 MT $ 90,583 AK 69,853 NE 139,056 AZ 224,333 NV 95,672 AR 184,301 NH 99,458 CA 1,603,169 NJ 503,253 co 235,256 NM 126,829 CT 234,822 NY 1,136,254 DE 77,611 NC 417,107 DC 78,666 ND 82,266 FL 706,702 OH 706,330 GA 395,757 OK 245,435 HI 103,182 OR 204,969 ID 101,258 PA 777,891 IL 752,134 PR 242,456 IN 379,620 RI 99,334 IA 220,237 SC 242,084 KS 190,570 SD 83,383 KY 270,447 TN 330,216 LA 315,569 TX 1,019,324 ME 111,064 UT 140,421 MD 306,817 VT 72,584 MA 397,681 VA 384,833 MI 601,688 WA 307,004 MN 297,197 WV 161,772 MS 200,190 WI 334,560 MO 348,029 WY 72,025 * Of the $18,000,000 appropriated, 4.3% was cut March 1 due to the Gramm-Rudman Hollings sequester order, and 2% is setaside for LSCA IV Library Services for Indian Tribes and Hawaiian Natives. American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440. March 1986 POSTAL REVENUE FORGONE APPROPRIATlON (as authorized by Postal Reorganization Act of 1970, PL 91-375, as amended) ~~~s~ra_~ion's Postal Budget. For the second year in a row, the Administration proposed that Congress appropriate no money at all for postal subsidies for free mail for the blind and visually handicapped and for preferred 2nd, 3rd, and 4th olass postal rates. FY '87 budget documents indicate the Administration will again propose legislation "that will enable the Postal Service to continue the subsidy for most existing subsidized mailers." This is an apparent reference to the cross-subsidization proposal which is currently illegal and which found no sponsors in Congress last year. Why Postal Subsidies? Some postal subsidies date back to the earliest days of the Republic. The purpose is to promote the dissemination of information throughout the nation. The current postal statute says the statutory criteria for setting postal ;rates and fees shall include special recognition of the "educational, cultural, . scientific, and informational value to the recipient of mail matter" (39 USC 3622(b) (8)). Who Benefits from Subsidized Rates? The blind and visually handicapped, local newspapers, charitable and nonprofit groups, and libraries, schools and colleges. Also, in many cases, those who mail items to such entities, thus reducing the postal costs passed through to eligible organizations. Kinds of Activities Supported. (1) The free mailing to or from blind or visually handicapped persons of unsealed letters, braille or recorded books or educational materials, braille writers or typewriters, and other · specia'ii z'ed equipment. ( 2) The · mailings at reduced rates of small circulation publications and in-county mailings such as local and rural newspapers; publications for use in school classrooms or in religious instruction classes; publications of educational, charitable, and other nonprofit organizations; bulk rate mailings of similar nonprofit organizations for purposes such as fund-raising letters; books, periodicals, audiovisual materials, loaned or exchanged between schools, colleges, universities, or libraries (for example,~ interlibrary loan and books-by-mail programs), and shipments of such items to eligible entities by publishers or distributors. Funding History. Administration Postal Service Congressional ___Y_e~a~r'-'------~B'-=u * $715,836,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.31 sequester. Impact of Administr~tion's Budget. If the revenue the u.s. Postal Service (USPS) forgoes because some rates are set lower than full commercial rates is not provided by congressional appropriations, or is provided at less than the full amount needed, rates can· be raised immediately to make up the difference. The effect of eliminat ing all postal revenue forgone funding would be drastic; illustrative examples are shown below: - 2 - Current Rate Regular Commer Percentage as of 3/9/86 cial Rate Increase Free Mail for Blind 4-oz. over talking book cassette s o.o $73.0 7300% 2nd Class Classroom Pub. weekly 12 oz~, 15% advertising, 32 copies/piece, NYC-Chicago 13.4 19.6 46% 3rd Class Nonprofit fund-raising letter, 3/4 oz. ·, nationwide distrib., req. presor~ 8. 1 . 12.5 44% 4th Class Library Rate 2-lb. book pkg. between libraries 74.0 94.0 27% Insufficient c!PP~~iations _ _plus the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, Balanced Budget & Emergency Deficit Control Act 4.3 percent March 1 cut, have caused two preferred rate increases so far this year: January 1, a - 20 to 40 percent increase; and March 9, a 6 to 20 percent increase. There were also substantial increases as part of a general rate increase in February 1985. As of January 1, preferred rate mailers are paying their full direct mailing costs with the end of a 16-year phased rate schedule. Beyond that, the Act calls for a permanent subsidy to cover the preferred rates' share of indirect or USPS overhead costs. However, the March 9 increase puts rates higher than direct costs. Library Rate. If all revenue forgone were eliminated, the 4th class library rate would have increasea a mind-boggling 1,243 percent over the $·.07 for 2 lbs. in 1970 when the Postal Reform Act was . enacte!,i._ Without -the reduced library rate, lib~aries would have g:r;eat c;lifficulty maint~.ining film-sharing circuits, interlibrary loans, and books-by-mail program_s to. · rural. and isolated. readers. The history .of the library rate is shown below; 1970 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 2/1 7/85 ', 1/1/86 3/9/86 2-lb lib. rate pkg • . , $.07 $.26 $.33 $.47 $.47 $.47 $.54 $.67 $.74 incr. over prev. yr. 13% 27% 42% . 0% 0% 15.\ 24% 10% incr. since 1970 271% 371% 571% 571% . 571% 671% 857% 957% Free Mail for the Blind is used extensively by a network of libraries to get rea Outlook. The Senate Budget Committee assumed that revenue forgone would be contin.ued ,at the post G-R-H cut level. That would result in another increase in preferreQ rates October 1. If G-R-H automatic .cuts are. triggered again in FY '87, revenue forgone would be reduced another 25 percent. Such severe cuts imposed on top of recent increases would have devastating effects. American Library Association, Washington Office, 202/547-4440. March 1986 HIGHER EDUCATION ACT TITLE II-A - COLLEGE LIBRARY RESOURCES (PL 89-329 as amended by PL 89-752, PL 90-575, PL . 92-318, PL 94-484, PL 96-374 and PL 97,-35, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981) Purposes Provides grants . to academic libraries to assist in the maintenance and improvement or t ·hei'.r library· collections and to enable them to share resources and participate in' library networks. Authorizations Needs new authorization. A five-year extension was passed by the House (HR 3700) December 4, 1985, and approved by the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee (S. 1965) March 19, 1986. Funding:. FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authori.zation pending $35,000,000 $35,000,000 $ 5,000,000• Budge,t Recommendation -o- -o- -o- -o- Appropriation pending -o- -o- -o- * PL 97-35 reduced the authorization levels for FY 1982, 1983 and 1984 from $30,000,000 to $5,000,000. Description of Programs Part A, College Library Resources provides Resource Development grants of up to $10,000 to institutions of higher education, their branches in other communities, to combinations of institutions and to other public and private nonprofit library institutions which provide library and information services to institutions of higher education on a formal, cooperative basis. The grants may be used for books, periodicals, documents, magnetic tapes, phonograph records, audiovisual materials and other related library materials, any necessary binding and for the establishment and maintenance of networks for sharing library resources with other institutions of higher education. Recipient institutions must maintain library materials expenditures at a level not less than the average of the two preceding fiscal years (except in very unusual circumstances). This maintenance-of-effort requirement may be figured on either an aggregate or a per student basis. Impact of Proposed Program Elimination: The Administration has recommended elimination of II-A for the fifth year in a row. College library resource grants were unfunded in FY 1986 pending development of criteria to target the grants to the neediest colleges. Need criteria developed by the academic library community are included in HEA reauthorization legislation passed by the House in December 1985 and pending in the Senate. Funding would be available to those libraries which rank below the norm when scored for both "materials expenditures/full time student" and "volumes held/full time student" when compared to like institutions. A graduated amount between $2,000 and $10,000 would be awarded to needy libraries annually, based on an institution's full time student enrollment range. Insufficient appropriations would result in fewer grants, not smaller grants. An evaluation would be conducted after two years to determine the effectiveness of the program. Detrimental effects from the lack of funding are more imminent in light of the escalating cost of acquiring materials and the increasing amount of materials published. In 1984 technical publishing output rose by 22 percent. Libraries need to keep up with technical information if higher education is to keep up with technology. The Chronicle of Higher Education in its February 26, 1986, issue - 2 - reported that; "British publ'ishers are c}:larging American 'libraries far higher prices for scientific. and scholarly· journals than they charge elsewhere in the; world, and u.s. research librarians are increasingly alarmed by the practice." Annals of Human Biology, published by Taylor and Francis, costs the equivalent of $94 in Britain when the pound was valued at $1.40, and $190 in the United States. The Journal of Animal Ecology, published by Blackwell Scientific Publications, costs $91 in the Britain and $155 in the United States. Also citing the ever-increasing prices of books, professional journals and audiovisual formats, the librarian at a small liberal arts college noted that revamping the curriculum placed a heavy financial burden on the library. Collection development in a totally new area becomes a herculean task. State education requirements for library holdings in new areas to insure accreditation must be upheld also. A Pennsylvania community college that serves all residents in the county as well as faculty, staff and students, estimated that HEA funds accounted for some five percent of total holdings, thus enriching and expanding resources that would have been unavailable otherwise. American Library Association Washington Office 202/547-4440 March 1986 HIGHER EDUCATION ACT TITLE II-B - LIBRARY TRAINING, RESEARCH AND D~VELOPMENT (PL 89-329 as amended by PL 89-752, PL 90-575, PL 92~318, PL 94-482, PL 96-374 and PL 97-35, Omnibus Budget Reconcilation Act of 1981) Purpose: Provides grants for 1) the training of persons, especially minorities, in librarianship; 2) research and demonstration projects relating to the improvement of libraries; and 3) special purpose grants. Authorization: Needs new authorization. A five-year extension was passed by the House (HR 3700) December 4, : 1985, arid · approved by the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee (S. 1965) March 19, 1986. Funding: FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authorization pending $35,000,000 $35,000,000 $1,200,000* Budget Recommendation -o- -o- -o- -o- Appropriations pending 1,000,000** 1,000,000 880,000 Training pending 635,000** 635,000 640,000 Rand D pending 365,000** 365,000 240,000 Special Purpose Grants pending -o- -o- -o- With Requested Rescission -o- * PL 97-35 reduced the authorization level from $30,000,000 to $1,200,000. ** $957,000, $608,000 and $349,000 respectively, after March 1, 1986, Gramm Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. Description of Program: Authorizing legislation requires that one-third of the money appropriated under part B be designated for each of the three programs, library career training, research and demonstrations, and special purpose grants. Training: Section 222 provides grants upon application to institutions of higher education and library organizations or agencies for training persons in librarianship. Grants may be used: (1) to assist in covering the cost of courses of training or study (including institutes); (2) to establish and maintain fellowships or traineeships with stipends; and (3) to establish, develop or expand programs of library and information science, including new techniques of information transfer and communication technology. Not less than 50 percent of the grants shall be for fellowships or traineeships. Research and Demonstrations: Section 223 provides research and demonstration grants to institutions of higher education and other public or private agencies, institutions and organizations for the improvement of libraries, library training or information technology and for the dissemination of information derived from the grant projects. Special Purpose Grants: Section 224 provides special purpose grants to: (1) institutions of higher education to meet special national or regional needs in the library or information sciences; (2) combinations of institutions of higher education which demonstrate a need for special assistance in establishing and strengthening joint-use library facilities, resources or equipment; (3) other public and private nonprofit library institutions which provide library and information services to institutions of higher education on a formal cooperative basis for the purpose of establishing, developing or expanding programs or projects that improve their services; and, (4) institutions of higher education which demonstrate a need - 2 - for special assistance to develop or expand programs or projects that will service the communities in which the institutions are located. Applicants must maintain effort on library expenditures and match at least one-third of the grant funds from other sources. Impac~ __p _f_ -~-J::<>p_O..§~<:L Program Elimination: Training: To serve all Americans effectively, libraries need more minority representation. Currently, professional staffing in libraries is only 5.8 percent Black, 4 percent Asi.an, 1.8 percent Hispanic and O. 2 percent Native American. The number of minority students enrolled in library schools has dropped more than 40 percent since 1979, mainly due to decreased funds for II-B. Florida State University was able to offer two II-B fellowships last year, but had more than 50 potential library science students seeking financial aid. Without II-B fellowship help, a highly successful minority recruitment effort would come to a halt. FY '86 grants should have been announced before the end of 1985. The rescission proposal will delay the ability of recipient schools to recruit the best fellowship candidates. The track record of II-B fellowship recipients is notable. One recipient writes that his education was made possible through a II-B fellowship, and he goes on to praise the programs at both the University of Arizona and California State University at Fullerton which have graduated over 50 Hispanic librarians. The director of a major university library relates that a fellowship enabled him to earn a doctorate at the age of forty while supporting his family of five children. Many of his II-B colleagues are now deans of library and information science programs, heads of major public libraries and leaders in the research library community. Research and Demonstrations: The only coordinated program of research in library and information science would be eliminated under the FY '86 rescission and FY '87 budget proposals. These projects have made an impact in two important areas ---innovative methods of extending service to underserved groups, and adaptation of newer information and communications technologies to library operations. R&D in these areas remains critical because of the rapid convergence between library science and computer and information science and to maintain and improve the library contribution as a self-help institution to excellence in education. Like the training of young people for a profession, funding for research in library science is an investment in the future. Impact of Gramm-Rudman-Hollings: The automatic nature of G-R-H cuts, whether 4.3 percent in FY '86 or an estimated 25 percent in FY '87, ·would be devastating to a $1 million program such as II-B. There is a funding level below which a program is simply not viable. American Library Association Washington Office 202/547-4440 March 1986 HIGHER EDUCATION ACT, TITLE II-C - STRENGTHENING RESEARCH LIBRARY RESOURCES (PL 94-482 as amended by PL 96-374 and PL 97-35, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981) Purpose: Provides grants to major research libraries to maintain and strengthen their collections and to make their holdings available to other libraries whose users have need for research materials. Authorization: Needs new authorization. A five-year extension was passed by the House (HR 3700) December 4, 1985, and approved by the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee (s. 1965) March 19, 1986. Funding: FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authorization pending $15,000,000--·- $15,000,000------$ 6,000,000* Budget Recommendation -o- -o- -o- -o- . Appropriation pending 6,000,000** 6,000,000 6,000,000 With Requested Rescission -o- * PL 97-35 reduced the authorization level from $15,000,000 to $6,000,000. ** $5,742,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. Description of Program: HEA II-C is a program of grants to major research libraries. A major research library is defined as "a public or private nonprofit institution, including the library resources of an institution of higher education, an . independent research library, or a state or other public library, having library collections which are available to qualified users and which (1) make a significant contribution to higher education and research: (2) are broadly based and are recog nized as having national or international significance for scholarly research: (3) are of a unique nature and contain material not widely available: and (4) are in substantial demand by researchers and scholars not connected with that institution." Institutions receiving a title II-C grant are not· eligible for a II-A Resource Development Grant or a II-B Special Purpose Grant in the same year. "Broad and equitable geographic distribution" is to be sought in making awards. Impact of Proposed Program Elimination: The Administration has recommended elimination of II-C for the fifth year in a row, and in addition, has requested rescission of all FY '86 funding. The Education Department has already received 97 applications for about 43 FY '86 awards based on congressional support of the pro gram. The preparation of these proposals costs libraries about $1 million. ED has already convened and paid expenses for two review panels. For FY '87, the elimination of II-C would dramatically affect program development in three key areas which cannot be totally absorbed by individual institutions: o Projects which bring our nation's significant research collection under better bibliographic control. Computerized catalogs and electronic tracking of library holdings have improved access for scholars and contained cataloging expenses for libraries. However, recent projections indicate that there are six to seven million unique bibliographic records for books of academic significance that do not yet appear in nationally available online catalogs. This means that scholars unable to travel to research library collections have limited access to a large body of knowledge. o Projects which seek to preserve our cultural heritage. Acids used in paper since about 1850 are destroying major portions of the collections of research libraries. About one-fourth to one-half of all paper in exis.ting library book collections is in such poor condition that further use by circulation or photocopying may result in loss of text. Without treatment, all but about 10 percent of the remainder of book collections are expected to reach the same brittle state. The University of Michigan received II-C funds to establish a preservation and conservation studio. The funds are being used to preserve 19th century materials; this project is cobrdinated with those of a major library consortium in order to avoid duplication. It is unlikely that this major; problem would have been addressed without outside assistance. o Projects to strengthen acquisitions programs. Costs of acquiring research materials rose dramatically in the late 1970s, peaked in 1981, and then leveled off to steady but more moderate increases. A ten-year analysis of inform,~fJor from 84 research libraries indicates that while expenditures for books rose by 93 percent, and expenditures for serials increased by 155 percent, . the number of volumes held by those libraries increased by only 31 perc.ent; : .. ·~· . ' ' It has been noted that previous funding · _through the ti tl~ II-C program has not sufficiently stimul,ted the expqnsion of programs so that istate resourde's can carry these projects. The. principal aim for II-C is much broade:t ' in scope th'.an the promo tion of cooperation among libraries within state or Ioca'.l networks. The benefits are much more likely to be b~tween states or ·n~tiortwidi!. Only federal funding can provide the impetus for such programs. 1 Impact of Gramm-Rudman-Hollings: For FY '86 the G-R-H sequester order required March 1 by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act would reduce FY '86 appropriations by 4.3 percent, for a total of $5,742,000 instead of $6,000,000. The $258,000 cut would eliminate approximately two grant proposals or reduce the effec tiveness of several proposals by requiring smaller grants. For FY '87 the automatic Gramm-Rudman-Hollings cuts, if triggered, would reduce funding by 25 percent, or for instance, $1.5 million of $6 million. About 12 fewer institutions would receive grants, or all projects would be cut by one fourth. American Library Association Washington Office 202/547-4440 March 1986 LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT (LSCA) PL 94-597, a.s ame11_ded by PL 88-269, 89-5ll, -~0-154, 91-600, 93-29, 93'...1'13, · 93-380, 95-12~, 97..,.35 (the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 19~1f; PL 98-480, and PL 99-159. 1 Purpose: The ' pu'rpose of ts~A is to assist the states in theL: extension and improvement of ·· public library services to. geographic areas or,,gr,oups' of persons in the state for whom current services are ina,dequate; extension of library services to persons in rural and , urban sett_ings, , the institutionalized, the physically handi capped, those · with ·limi}:.ed English : spe<,'lking pro:t;iciency and the ·agea·: assisting libraries . to serve ·. a·s community information and referral centers; strengthen state library administrative agen~ies; support and expand services of major urban resource libraries; strengthen _metropolitan libraries that serve as national or regional resource .centers; assist in construction, remodeling and renovation of public libraries; assist in the purchase of existing historic buildings for conversion to public libraries; development of cooperative library networks among .all types of librariesi improvement of library services to Indian tribes; and development of library literacy programs. Authorization: PL 98-480 extends LSC.A through FY 1989. General Provisions: For all titles, a basic allotment_ is made to each state -with any funds remaining distributed proportionately to the rs,tates, each state's share based on its population in· relation to the total U.S. population. A requirement for Title I and II stipulates that the federal contribution must ,be matched on the .,basis of a ratio of the state's · per capita income to the aver.age per capita income df the u.s. To participate in any LSCA program, each state must have a state plan- approved by the Secretary of Education, plus a comprehensive three- or five-:year plan on· state priorities, procedures and activities for meeting the -library arid information needs of the people. · All library users and potential library users ~f the country's 15,500 public libraries benefit from the improved, expanded and new programs resulting from LSCA support. The most recent evaluation study for the Department of Education estimated that · 94 percent of all public libraries have received at least one direct benefit from LSCA I. TITLE I - SERVICES In order to participate in Title I, each . state, Puerto Rico and the . District of Columbia must meet minimum qualifications for basic federal allotments of $200,000; American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, each for at least $40,000. Maintenance of state and local effort is required. Descripti-on of Program: Grants are awarded .,to assist the states to: ,. 1) Develop and i~prove library service to areas and populations ·which are disadvantaged b~cause of di,tance~ institutionalization, physical handicap, limited English' ' speaking proficiency, residence, income, age or literacy level; 2) Assist librarie~ to serve . as community information referral centersr : 3) Provide liter.3:cy ; program~:' :f.or adults and school drop-outs in·. cooperat'ion with other · a'gencies and organizations, if appropriate; 4) Strengthen the capacity of the state library agency to meet the libraryand information needs of all the people; - 2 - ' )' ..,· 5) Strez'l~th~n . ;metropolitan lib.raries : that serve as national or regional resource· .,9enters 1 6) Suppor:t ,major urban resource 1-ib:,:aries in cities of over 100,000 which pro- vide services throughout a regional area. Urban Lil;>raries r ,. When appropriation1:; for LSCA I exceed $60 million, as they have most years s;i.nce 1/',Y 1979, a . portion . of the additional amount is earmarked for libraries . in cities_ ov~r 100,000 in population. Use of Title I Fund@• Title I funds may be used for books and other library materials, equipment, salaries, othe:i:: operating expenses, fbr statewide planning and evaluation of programs and for administli'atiori of the state plan. .. Funding: ,py 1987 · FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authorization $85,000,000 $80,000,000 $75,000,000 $65,000,000 _Budget Recommendation ( -o- -o-· -o- -o- Appropriation pending 75,000,000* 75,000,000 65,o'oo,ooo * $71,774,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester • . TITLE II - CONSTRUCTION Descri~tion _ of Pro.gram: Grants are · made to the states for · public library construction. Th~ ..law defines "construction" as construction of ne~· libia.ty build ings, acquisitioq,, . expansion, remodeling and alteration ·of existing buildings and initial equipment of _$UCh buildings· (except bboks). Architects' fees, land costs, removal of architectual , barriers to the handicapped, and renovation for energy conservation are also: eligi:,ble expenses. Providing appropriations are sufficient, the basic allotment for each state is $100,000 and for each outlying territory $20,000. The federal share of any project cannot exceed one-half the total cost. -··r. Fundin'g: . FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authorization $50,000,000 $50,000,000 $50,000,000 -0-* Budget Recommendation -o -o- -o- -o- Appropriation pending 22,500,000** 25,000,000 -o- With Requested Rescission -o- * PL 97-35 authorized no appropriations for title II, but left the statutory language in place. ** $21,533,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. TITLE III - INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION Description of Program: Grants are made to the states for the planning, establishment and operation of cooperative networks of libraries at the local, regional or interstate level. Such cooperative networks should provide for the "systematic and effective coordination of the resources of school, public, academic and special libraries and information centers •••• " Providing appropriations are sufficient, the basic allotment for each state is $40,000 and for each outlying territory $10,000. Funding: FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 · FY 1984 Authorization $30,000,000 $25,000,000 $20,000,000 $15,000,000 Budget Recommendation -o -o- -o- -o- Appropriation pending 18,000,000* 18,000,000 15,000,000 * $17,226,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. - 3 - TITLE IV - LIBRARY SERVICES FOR INDIAN TRIBES AND HAWAIIAN NATIVES Description ·of the Program: Grants are made to promote the extension of public library services to Indian people living on or near reservations, to provide incen tives for the establishment and expansion of tribal library programs, and to improve the administration and implementation of library services for Indians by providing funds to establish and . supp~rt ongoing library programs. Indian tribes are defined as any Indian tribe, band, nation, orga~ized group or community, Alaskan Native village or regional or village corporation recognized by the Secretary ·of the Interior. Indians from California, Oklahoma and .Alaska (who do . . ; ; . . not live on reservations) are e_ligible. Funds allotted but no_t used because of nonapplication or nonqualification . are allocated among Indian tribes ,. submitting approved plans for special project grants. Funds received under either the basic allotment or a special project grant can be used for training ·of Indians as library personnel, purchase of library materials, special programs, salaries~ construction, transportation of library users, dissemination, needs assessment and contracts to provide public library services to Indians or for any of the eligible .uses. Funding: The authorized level for FY 1985-1989 is 1.5 percent . of appropriations for Titles I, II, and III; 0.5 percent of I, II, and III funds is for "grants to organi zations primarily serving and representing Hawaiian Natives that are recognized by the Governor of the State of Hawaii." TITLE V - FOREIGN LA~GUAGE MATERIALS ACQUISITION Description of Program: Discretionary grants of up to $15,000 are authorized .for the acquisition of foreign language materials directly to state and local public libraries on a competitive basis. Funding: The authorized level is $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years, 1985 through 1988. No funds have · been recommended, again; in .the Administration's FY 1987 budget. TITLE VI - LIBRARY LITERACY PROGRAMS Description of Program: Discretionary grants of up to $2.5, 000 are. authorized· for . literacy programs · directly to -state and, local public libraries on a competitive basis. Grants to state lil;>raries -. are to be used for coordinating and planning library literac~ programs, and making -arrarigements for training librarians and volunteers to · carry them out. Grants to local public libraries are · to be used for promoting the use of voluntary services of individuals, agencies and organizations, acquisition of materials and using library facilities for literacy programs. Funding: FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 FY 1984 Authorization $ 5,000,000 $ 5, ooo, oo'b .. $ s,000,000 Budget Recommendation_ -o -o- -o- Appropriation pending 5,000,000* -o- With Requested Rescission -o- * $4,785,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. IMPACT OF PROPOSED PROGRAM ELIMINATION: Title I - PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES: The elimination of LSCA was firmly rejected by Congress in FY '83,'84,'85 and '86. On October 17, 1984, a five-year extension and amendment of LSCA was signed into law (PL 98-480). Yet,' the Administration proposed - 4 - zero funding: again for .F¥ 1987. The loss of all federal support for public library programs would trigger the elimination of the most far-reaching and innovativ:e programs offered by · public libraries. Although federal funding accounts for only four percent of publip library support, this mon~y is used to reach that part of the population without library services or with Ve'ry inadequate services, or for whom provision of library and ' information services requires extra effort or special materials and equipment. In .most states the ·impact would include: o Reduced staff and programs at all · state library agencies; constituent services to 15,500 public libraries would be greatly cut or eliminated. o Reduction of library services to over 8 million persons in orphanages, mental institutions, hospitals, prisons and in programs for the blind and physically handicapped. In Alabama, LSCA funds for services to the blind and handi capped reach over 12,000 citizens who could no longer be served. Coos Bay, Oregon, would lose the needed materials for their outreach service to those who are physically unable to get to a library. Also elimated would be money for large-print books and magazines for loan to homebound and nursing home and adult foster home residents and magazines, newspapers and some non fiction books for the jail. o Termination of special library services: At New York Public Library, staff who maintain audiovisual equipment, including the Kurzweil Reading Machine, for the blind and physically handicapped would be eliminated. In addition, several NYPL adult learner/job information centers which support job and career advisory services would lose funding. o Delivery services which would have extended library services to the elderly and people in rural areas would end. Bookmobiles are effective but expen sive; in North Carolina libraries combine federal grants with state and local funds to make such purchases possible. The Minnehaha County Rural Public Library in South Dakota would lose the state library's WATS line which is used for urgent reference questions in this sparsely popuiated area. Title II CONSTRUCTION: The Administration has recommended elimination of LSCA title II for the fifth year in a row, and in addition, has requested res~ission of all FY '86 funding. This re.scission request is illegal, according to the General Accounting Office, which . has held, most recently in 1982 in connection· with illegal impoundment of LSCA funds (GAO B-205053, March 10, 1982), that Impoundment Control Act provisions do not supercede statutory mandatory spending provisions such as those for LSCA. In FY '85, of the approximately 665 local project applications submitted to state library agencies, only about 290 could be funded. Many of those unfunded have been resubmitted and are competing· with new pro je:cts in the FY '86 cycle. For example~ of the 17 FY '85 projects submitted in Utah only five could be funded~ The requests from the local libraries for,, federal. funds were restricted by their knowledge that Utah was to be allowed only $228,000. Utah libraries could have used $3,500,000 in federal funds. Alabama received enough funds for only 12 of the 40 projects submit ted. New Jersey rieeds .more funds than it is -getting in FY '86 just t6 make awards to projects unfunded in FY '85. In Delaware, 14 of the states' 27 public libraries are inaccessible to .the handi capped, and need ~ntryway and restroom renovations~ · .. lrt ' S't.immersville, West Virginia, the ._ l~brary is on, .t;he . second floor of the f ,ire · station. Many residents are elderl¥ and cannot climb the . stairs. This barrier denies them access to the library. The . , - 5 - rescission of appropriated FY '86 funds will delay or eliminate the planned new building. Required matching funds for .planned construction projects in many states are in limbo under the rescission proposal. According to the President's rescission message (H. Doc. 99-161) of February 5, 1986, the loss of LSCA II funds would eliminate about 210 public library construction projects. Title _ }:_Ij:_____ I_!J_TERLIBRARY COOPERATION: This is the fifth straight year the Administration has recommended elimination of this title. The absence of federal support would effectively eliminate cooperative library programs. In most states, a small number of regional resource-sharing organizations have been established. These link the resources of all the libraries within a given area and provide a central clearinghouse for interlibrary loan and reference services. If a question cannot be answered at the local library or if the local library does not own a requested item, the regional .library authority is called upon. These organizations vary in name but the purposes are the same: to provide -the mechanism to bring information to all persons in the state by harnessing all the state's resources. In most cases, LSCA . provides the majority of funding for these . organizations. Zeroing~out title III will result in: o Limited effectiveness and mission for the regional library systems operating in all 50 states and severely limiting the resources which encourage continued cooperative endeavors. Reduced effectiveness of statewide ·.· reference and referral services :as staff reductions result in diminished ' ·· service. · North Carolina would significantly cut back the toll-free reference and interlibrary loan services from the state library. o Termination of local, regional and state union list projects such as those in New Jersey and North Carolina which collect information on all library holdings. Union lists are invaluable tools to researchers, students and library managers, and are essential to avoid duplications of little-used or expensive materials. o Sharing of library resources will become more difficult and expensive as states reduce staff and services. Many states us~ LSCA funds to pay charges for library access to nationwide bibliographic databas~s- The loss of title III funds in New Jersey, would eliminate two .professional positions · in network planning and reduce, their total funds for library automation. from $480,400 to $10,000. o Interlibrary -loan capabilities . will be reduced significantly or · eliminated . in c many states. The statewide sys~em in Minnesota, which allows borrowing PY patrons from any library that owns the requested item, is funded solely with LSCA money. In South Carolina title III funds provide 50 percent of _ .. the mailing costs. for interlibrary loan materials. This help with postal.'. costs is essential in many states with rural populations,, whose access to th.e, .,.· library is primarily . through interlibrary loan or books-by-'-mail program.s ,. i' Title IV - LIBRARY SERVICES FOR INDIAN TRIBES AND HAWAIIAN NATIVES: Congress stated in its findings that since most Indian tribes receive little or no LSCA funding, are generally considered separate nations and seldom eligible for direct library alloca tions from states, and often have access to no libraries at all, title IV is needed to provide Indian tribes with library services. Without this funding, Indian tribes will remain unserved and therefore be denied access to education and recreation opportunities enjoyed by other communities. This need perceived by Congress was beginning to be met in 1985, the first year of funding for the program. Since the funding for title IV is based on a percentage of appropriations for titles I, II, and III, elimination of these funds would also eliminate title IV. - 6 - Title V. FOREIGN LANGUAGE MATERIALS ACQUISITION: According to the 1980 ' census, over four .million people in the . u.s. "speak English not well or riot at all." Materials in languages other than English are needed to provide information which immigrants and other nonEnglish-speaking individuals can understand. The Department of Education reports that a single well-developed collection of materials in foreign languages and English as a second language can provide effective services to a wide area. Title V grants will allow libraries to develop these needed collections by purchasing foreign language materials which would not otherwise be available in public libraries. There are no funds appropriated for title v. Title VI LIBRARY LITERACY PROGRAMS: Adult illiteracy costs the U~S. over $224 billion every year in welfare payments, crime, incompetent job performance, lost tax revenues and remedial education. Among the unemployed, 75 percent have inadequate reading and writing skills. Prisoners in federal- and -state institutions are at least 60 percent functionally illiterate • . In the u.s. 2T·million adults are func tionally illiterate, with over two million added to that number every year. An additional 46 million are marginally literate. In other words, one in five American adults cannot read and understand simple texts, signs, labels and directions well enough to function in everyday life; one in three cannot read well enough to under stand a newspaper. Projections show that this number is growing rather than diminishing and that by the year 2000, two of three Americans will be functionally illiterate. In . order to · break the cycle of illiteracy that often passes from parents to children, we must reach even more of this hidden minority, a task that will be impossible to do without funding. Rescission of first time funding for LSCA VI would eliminate 192 projects, according to the President's rescission message (H. Doc. 99-161). IMPAC1 QF, GRAMM-RUDMAN-HOLLINGS ON LSCA: For FY '86 the G-R-H sequester order required March 1 by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act would reduce appropriations by 4.3 percent, for a total of $110,533,000 instead of $120,500,000. The $9,967,000 cut would reduce each state's allocation for titles I, II and III, and reduce the number or amount of grants for titles IV and VI. However; LSCA is not yet advance funded, and many states have .already received - their 1 86 allocation. About 17 states are being required by the Education Department to return or "deobligate11 part of their LSCA I or III funds as a result of the sequester order. Two states, Massachusetts and Michigan have had their LSCA II allocations withdrawn, not just 4.3 percent, but the entire amount, because of the rescission proposal. LBCA-funded services and activi ties already underway or definitely planned must now be reversed. For FY '87 the automatic Gramm-Rudman-Hollings cuts, if triggered, would reduce each state's allocation again. If the G-R-H cut were, as estimated, 25 percent, that would mean $30,125,000 of $120,500,000. Since the final effect of G-R-H on '87 funding is not likely to be known until the beginning of the fiscal year, the effect on a current funded program like LSCA will be especially devastating. American Library Association Washington Office 202/547-4440 March 1986 EDUCATION CONSOLIDATION AND IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1981, CHAPTER 2 (PL 97-35, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981, as amended) Purposes To consolidate 28 programs, including school library resources, into a block grant to be used " ••• in accordance with the educational needs and priorities of State and local educational agencies as determined by such agencies." Further, Congress intends to " ••• financially assist State and local educational agencies to improve elementary and secondary education (including preschool education) for children attending both public and private schools, and to do so in a manner designed to greatly reduce the enormous administrative and paperwork burden •••• " Authorization, Title V of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act established the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act (ECIA), of which Chapter 2 is a block grant authorized through fiscal year 1987. Funding, The block grant, like the antecedent programs, is advance funded. That is, to allow for long-range planning, the funding level decided upon during the FY 1987 appropriations process will actually be made available for the 1987-88 school year. FY 1987 FY 1986 FY 1985 Authorization such sums such sums such sums Budget Recommendation $528,909,000 $531,909,000 $728,879,000 Appropriation pending 528,909,000* 531,909,000 * $506,166,000 after March 1, 1986, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 4.3% sequester. NOTEt The former instructional materials and equipment and school library resources program, Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title IV-B, was last funded in FY 1981 at $161,000,000. Allotments: One percent reserved for insular areas, six percent for the Secretary of Education's discretionary fund, the remainder to states on a school-age popula tion basis except that no state would receive less than 0.5 percent of the remain der. From the state allotment, each state educational agency (SEA) must distribute 80 percent to local educational agencies (LEAs) on an enrollment basis with higher allocations to LEAs with greatest concentrations of high cost children, such as those from low-income families, economically depressed urban and rural areas and from sparsely populated areas. Description of Program: The nature of federal assistance to elementary and second ary education changed significantly with the passage of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act (ECIA), Chapter 2, a block grant for fiscal years 1982-87, com bining over 28 programs including the school library resources program, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title IV-B. Although the ECIA has two titles or chapters, the first part consists of one program, the former ESEA · I, aid for disadvantaged children. Therefore, there is really one block grant---the second part of ECIA, in which school library media centers compete with 27 other programs for funding. Funds may be used for any or all of the purposes of the programs which were consoli dated. Three subchapters of the Act contain authorized activities, A) Basic Skills Development 1) State leadership and support services, including planning, research and development, demonstrations, training, development of materials, - .. IMPACT ON LIBRARIES OF FEDERAL BUDGET AND POLICY DECISIONS AND PROPOSALS Effect ·. of Gramm-Rudman-Hollings~ All federal library and related programs were cut 4.3 percent due to the presidential sequester order which took effect March 1, 1986, as mandated by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings amendment or G-R-H). The effect is particularly severe on agencies such as the Library of Congress which had already received a cut in FY '86, and on current funded grant programs such as LSCA, where 17 states are being required to return funds already received. The alternative was a double cut for states which had not yet received allocations. Should the automatic sequestering of funds be implemented October 1, 1986, for FY '87, all programs would be cut an estimated 25 percent! Zero Budget for Library Proqrams. For the fifth year in a row, the Administration has proposed elimination of the Library Services and Construction Act title I public library service improvement and extension to targeted populations, title II public library construction, title III interlibrary cooperation among all . types of libraries and across local and state boundaries, title IV library services to Indian tribes, and title VI library literacy programs: and elimination of the Higher Education Act title II-A college library resources grants (unfunded pending reauthorization with need criteria), title II-B graduate fellowships targeted to minorities, plus research and demonstrations, and title II-C grants to major research libraries to make their holdings more widely available. FY '86 funding for these programs is $127,500,000 ($122~018,000 after March 1 G-R-H cut). Library Rescissions Propos~d. In addition, this year the Administration has proposed rescission or cancellation of all library program funding not already sub stantially allocated. If Congress does not agree by mid-April, $34,500,000 in funds for LSCA II and VI and HEA II-A,' Band C must be released, but that will be over half way through the fiscal year---a hardship when applications have been prepared, plans have been made, matching funds may have been promised, and some salaries may be at stake. Two states have been prevented from spending LSCA II allocations they had already received! PostalReyenue Forgone .Threatened. For the second year, the Administration has . proposed elimination of the federal funding which replaces revenue lost or. "forgone" by the U. s. Postal Service (USPS) so that some rates can be free ( for th.e blind and visually handicapp~d) or reduced (preferred 2nd, 3rd and 4th class rates.. for local newspapers, charitable and nonprofit groups, and libraries, schools and . colleges). USPS estimates $833,211,000 is needed for FY '87, of which $28.5 millipn ,would be for free mail for the blind; ~nd $22 million for the 4th class librari rate used for interlibrary loan, books-by-mail programs for rural and home-bound patrons, film circuits, and orders from publishers/distributors. At the · full commercial rates which would pr·evail October 1 without any subsidy, a two-pound library rate book package would be $.94, a 27 percent increase. This would be on top of a ten percent increase March 9 and a 24 percent increase January 1 due to insufficient appropriations and the G-R-H cut. There was also a general rate increase in February 1985: prior to that the two-pound package was $.47. Under the President's ·budget, the library rate would go up 100 percent in less than two year's time. - 2 - Library of Congress - Double Cuts. FY '86 funding to the Library of Congress was 3.5 percent below FY '85; on March 1 the G-R-H cut was a further 4.3 percent. Thus, LC funding is reduced by $18.3 million or eight percent. Some 300 positions are being eliminat~d. Public service hours have been cut from 77 .1/2 to 54 1/2 per week. All Sunday and holiday hours have been eliminated and all evening hours except Wednesday, restricting access of working researchers and scholars on limited travel to LC's unique resources. There will be 22 percent fewer purchases of new, needed, or rare items (which may not be available or in print in future years). About 25,000 fewer books will be cataloged, affecting all libraries who rely· on LC's high-quality and comprehensive cataloging data. About 77,000 LC books reach a brittle state each year, but preservation microfilming will be cut 25 percent, and 75,000 books will go without binding. LC's National Library Service for the Blind· and Physically Handicapped is being cut 12 percent, resulting in 80,000 fewer copies of braille and recorded magazine.s (the subscription waiting list is growing at 1,000 names per month)., and 2,000 fewer braille book copies. Loss of School Library Program. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act title II (funded from FY 1966-76) provided assistance for the acquisition of school library resources, textbooks and instructional materials. One of the major effects of this program was the establishment of stocked and staffed elementary school li braries in many schools which had none previously. A "small" consolidation, the ESEA IV-B program (funded in FY 1976-81) combined title II with educational equip ment and guidance, counseling and testing, but still provided an estimated 20-30 percent of all funds spent on s.chool library resources and instructional equipment. ESEA IV-B received $161 million in its last year of funding, FY '81. A "big" con solidation, the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981, combined ESEA IV-B with 27 other programs in a block grant. Preliminary results of an Education Department evaluation show·- 67 percent of school districts spent $97 million on library resources and instructional equipment. Information from ·school librarians shows the effect to be very uneven under the block grant, with some schools receiv ing more funds for libraries while others get none. New York received $12.4 million in the last year of IV-B, but spent only $2.1 million of its $31.l million Chapter 2 allocation on school libraries in the 1984-85 school year. Proposed End of Revenue Sharing. The Administration has proposed terminating general revenue sharing when the current authorization expires at the end of 1986, and has proposed rescinding this year's fourth quarter payment to local governments. In FY '83, libraries .received 1.65 percent of revenue sharing funds or $76 million. In West Virginia, 22 percent of local support of public libraries comes from revenue sharing; in Pennsylvania it is 14 percent. If revenue sharing is eliminated, many libraries will be severely and directly affected. Most public libraries will be affected indirectly as localities seek to cut some services for funds to replace federal revenue sharing used for other services, such as police and fire prote6tion. Increased Telecommunications Costs. Divestiture of the Bell system and FCC deregulatory policies have resulted in revised AT&T tariffs for the private leased lines used by thousands of libraries to transmit bibliographic data; In October 1983, AT&T proposed a 73 .percent increase: in a tariff that, · after considerable library community and congressional involvement, was found unlawful by the FCC. New tariffs eventually took effect in April 1985 with a 20 percent increase for librar ies, with state and regional library network increases ranging from 5 to 64 percent. Libraries were affected much more substantially than the average for all private line customers of four percent. Since April, three incremental increases have been approved, raising library costs by about another 23 percent. With such large and - 3 - frequent increases, planning becomes impossible, and small libraries are being priced out of online systems. Other Federal Program Cuts. The National Endowment for the Humanities, already cut back in recent years over ten percent below its FY '81 level, would be cut again another ten percent in the Administration's FY '87 budget. NEH Humanities Projects in Libraries, kept alive only through congressional support, would be cut 52 per cent. The National Historical Publications and Records Commission is once again proposed for elimination. The Government Printing Office Superintendent of Docu ments operation which supports distribution of government documents to almost 1,400 designated depository libraries, is down 14 percent from the previous year. Other programs which have received cuts or not kept pace with increased costs include the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, the National Library of Medicine (including the Medical Library Assistance Act), the National Agricultural Library, and the National Archives and Records Administration. Restrictions on Access to Government Information. A series of federal policy decisions in recent years have had the effect of restricting the amount of informa tion collected or compiled by the federal government, the amount of such information published, and the amount disseminated. Various policy directives have caused agencies to cut back or discontinue such activities, making it more difficult for libraries to meet their users' needs. These policies and examples of their effects have been documented by the ALA Washington Office in a series of chronologies entitled "Less Access to Less Information By and About the U.S. Government." A more recent example was a March 17 Joint Economic Committee hearing on the declining quality of U.S. economic data (on which many funding and other decisions depend) due to budget cuts for statistics collection and analysis. Another example is the March 14 letter to legislators from the Joint Committee on Printing announcing that because of the G-R-H cut, House and Senate Document Rooms would soon close to the public, and constituents could not expect to obtain bills, reports, etc., from their Members of Congress. 0MB Circular A-130~ Issued December 24, 1985, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-130, Management of Federal Information Resources, is a significant presidential policy directive which will likely increase restrictions on the pub lic's access and accelera·te the trend to privatization of government information. Although an improvement over the draft circular. originally proposed, A-130 still allows dissemination only when required by law or nece_ssary for proper performance of agency functions, and when it does not duplicate any current or potential private sector product or service. Agencies are to place maximum feasible reliance on the private sector for dissemination, which could easily lead to higher prices and selective rather than comprehensive coverage. Privatization Affects Library Service. The Administration's policy of contracting out to the private sector as many government activities as possible (0MB Circular A-76) is affecting the services of federal libraries. Libraries are on OMB's list of "commercial" activities and thus are especially vulnerable to being contracted out. Over 200 A-76 library actions have taken place between 1983 and October 1985 including the Departments of Transportation, Labor, Interior, Commerce, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Census, the Office of Pers?nnel Management, the U.S. Information Agency, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The libraries of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Energy, and the Environmental Pro tection Agency have already been contracted out. However, libraries are not - 4 - off-the-shelf products; they require personnel competencies likely to be sacrificed if contracted out, with consequent reductions in the productivity of government scientists, lawyers, administrators and others. Costs of lv!aterials Going Up. Since 1967, when the average book and journal each cost about $8.00, the cost of- printed materials has generally risen faster than the consumer price index. This is especially true of periodicals. If a library had the same acquisitions budget in 1985 as it had in 1967, it would be able to purchase only 15 ,percent of the periodicals it could have in 1967, or twice th_e inflation rate of the CPI. The average U.S. periodical cost almost $60.00 in 1985, an ,, 8.6 percent increase in one year, still well over twice the CPI of 3.8 perc~nt. Th~ price of the average U.S. hardcover book was $30.00 in 1984, and has stabilized in recent years. However, non mass-market paperbacks went up to $13.86 in 1984, a 17.5 percent increase. Libraries have tried to maintain their journal sQbscriptions, . often at the expense of book purchases. A ten-y~ar analysis of data from 84 research libraries indicates that while expenditures for books rose by 93 percent, and expenditures for serials rose by 155 percent, the number of volumes held by those libraries increased by only 31 percent. Costs Higher to Libraries. It is common practice for publishers to charge a higher periodical subscription rate to libraries and institutions tha_n to individ uals. About 70 percent of the periodical titles most often ordered by libraries are available to them only at prices which may be from 10 to 100 percent more than the rates charged individuals. Beginning about 1980, British publishers began charging American libraries far higher prices. ·A 1984 study qf 17 British publishers of scholarly and scientific journals showed they charged North American libraries 67 percent more than subscribers in the UK and 34 percent more than customers elsewhere in the world. One German publisher has followed suit, and librarians fear the practice will spread. Technology Changing Nature of Materials. Technology can increase information access for users but also exerts cost pressures on libraries. There are now over 2,000 online databases provided through about 300 different online systems. Each database provides data and information, or citations to the literature of a certain field, or both. Unlike printed- material on shelves, where the cost of acquiring and maintaining the information does not depend directly on the number of users, retrieving information from online databases costs money each time, even for the same information. Some material is now available only online. How to budget for these services, and whether to charge users are questions each l,.ibrary .must answer. White House Conference II. · 'These and many other issues and trends affecting libraries are likely to be a focus of public policy discussions and recommendations during the second White House Conference on Library and Information Services. Measures---H.J.Res. 244, introduced by Rep. William Ford (D-MI) and S.J.Res. 112, introduced by Sen. Claiborne Pell (D-RI)---are pending in Congress to authorize a second_ WHCLIS in 1989. American Library Association Washington ;Office 202/547-4440 March 1986 THE WHITE HOl:SE WASHI N GTON NATIONAL LIBRARY WEEK April 6-12, 1986 I am pleased to salute the American IJbrary Association on the 29th annual observance of National Library Week. Many centuries ago, Euripides said, "Whoso neglects learning in his youth, loses the past and is dead for the future." Today, Euripides' words might very well be, "Get a Head Start at a Library," the theme chosen for this year's observance of National IJbrary Week. Many children get a head start when their parents take the time to introduce them to the wonders of the library at an early age, and they continue to get ahead as they use that precious intellectual resource to pursue their formal education, develop career plans, or seek the pleasure of literature. An acquaintance with the library is truly an introduc tion to life, because our libraries are the crossroads for every human interest from business to leisure, from agriculture to art. I take this opportunity to congratulate all those at every age who are taking advantage of the opportunities our libraries provide for intellectual and personal growth. And, let me especially commend the dedicated librarians and volunteers who have made libraries a vital and inte gral part of our society. God bless you. "Across this great land let those of us "It appears none too soonfor who can read teach those who library users, civic leaders and cannot. Let the lights burn late in our lawmakers at all levels to join classrooms, our church basements, forces in working with librarians our libraries and around our kitchen and suppliers of library and tables. Wherever we can gather to information service products to help others help themselves to the consider what new directions we American Dream." expect our libraries to take in the President Ronald Reagan future. launching the Adult Literacy Initiative "Because so much information September 1983 becomes available only online and for afee-per-use, the library role in guiding users to the most appropriate source in whatever format , and to providing access to those who could not otherwise qfford needed information, will be crucial." Senator Claiborne Pell, Rhode Island National Library Week 1985 "The purpose of House Joint Resolution 244 callingf or a White ForThe Next House Conference on Library and Information Services in 1989 is simple: To build public awareness of WhiteHouse Conference the precarious state of American library service today and to facilitate OnLibrary And informed, grassroots, policymaking concerning the future of all types of InformationServices libraries." Representative William Ford, Michigan June 19, 1985 WHCLIST What ls We Need Your WHCLIST? Help To Achieve The White House Conference on Library and Information Services Tuskforce The1989 (WHCLIST) is an action-based group working with individuals and groups White House interested in promoting the goals set forth by the 1979 conference. Conference! Senate Joint Resolution 112 and House Joint Resolution 244 have been 1700 E. Las Olas Blvd. What Happened introduced in the 99th Congress to Suite 100 authorize and request the President to Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 In 1979? call a White House Conference on Library - · UJ These goals were established (and many and Information Services to be held not Cf) <: of them have been implemented): later than 1989. UJ _.J • Resolutions provided a blue-print for All who understand how vital this 1989 c.. action at local, state and federal levels. Conference is to the future of America's > • New Friends of Libraries groups were library system are urged to become <: 0 organized (as well as statewide citizens' advocates for these resolutions to be 0 councils) enacted into law. f-- Yes, I support a second White House ::: Conference on Library and Information • Public-awareness campaigns were <: s . By 1989, the problems will be different ~ erv1ces. devised to promote increased use of (and some more acute ... ) changes will be 0 library facilities more dramatic ... needs even more ! D Please send me more information . • WHCLIST joined forces with the sophisticated ... and the future of the u. National Commission on Libraries and library systems throughout the country ~ D Please put me in touch with others in my Information Science to help implement vastly more complex. a: state who are working to make the 1989 the 1979 goals ~ Conference a reality. This projected 1989 conference is vital to f-- • Some increased local, state and federal the planning needed to ensure all Name: ______funding for libraries was forthcomin g Americans full and complete access to • New information technology resulted information .. . vital to the changing Position: ______via cooperation between public and times and the changing needs of library private sectors users and the communities in which Organization: ______they Junction. • Resource-sharing networks were Address : ______increased • Of the 64 resolution s from the 1979 conference, real progress has been accomplished in 55 of the resolution 'Telephone: ______areas! 't Toward the 1989 White House Conference on Library and Information Services Report to the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science From the White House Conference Preliminary Design Group December 3, 1985 ~ NATtONAL COMMISSION ON LIBRARIES ANO INFORMAT10N SCICNC~ GtNC.AAL SERVIC£5 A D MINI STR ATION OUILOtNG, SUllE 3122 7TH ANO O STS .. SW .. w.-.SHINGTON. O.C . 2002-' 12021 362-0840 I/hi te House Conference Contents on Library and Information Servi ces Pre! lminary Des ign Group Members l. Introduction II . Executive Summary 2 WII I I am G. Asp , DesI gn Group ChaIr Mlnn LI and vi esota Off Ice of brary Development Ser ces Ill. The Context for Planning the 1989 White ftouse Conference on Library Whlt e House Conference on Library and Information Serv ices Task rorce and Information Services 3 Gordon M. Ambach Br! dget Lamont IV. T11eScope and Focus of the 1989 Whlte ftouse Conference 5 N~wY ork State Educat ion Department lllln ols State Library Ndtional Commission on Libraries and Chief Officers of State Library Purpose of the Conference Informat ion Science AgenclPs Planning Assumptions Charlr~ Benton , (x Off icio Byron Leeds White ltouse Conference Themes Pu li I a, In b I Ic "d c. National Commission on Libraries and Participation Leading to the 1989 Conference National Commls~ion on Libraries and Inf ormat ion Science Informal Ion Science Identification and Consideration of Issues Margaret Phelan Activities After the National Conference Daniel Carter Phelan Business Research Walter Ulrich Consulting Comm on and Nati onal iss i on Libraries V. Administration of the White ftouse Conference 15 Nati onal Commission on Libraries and Information Science Informat ion Science White House Conference Advisory Committee Jule Shipman lnteragency Corrrnlttee Robert Chartrand, Ex Officio White !louse Conference on Library and Library of Congress, c.R.s. Informat ion Serv ices Task Force Program and Operations Teams Federal State Relationships In Conference Planning Barbara Cooper Joseph F. Shubert Gale Research Company New York State Library Staffing for the Conference White House Confere nce on Library and Chief Offi cers of State Library Alternatives for Financing the Conference Information Servi ces Task Force Agenc ies VI. White ftouse Conference Planning Tlmellne 19 Bruce Daniels Lotsee Smith Rhode Island Department of State University of Oklahoma School of VII. Building Support for the White House Conference 21 Library Libra ry Science White House Conference on Library and White House Conference on Library and VIII . Appendices Informat ion Serv ices Task Force Information Servi ces Task Force Advisory Corrrnlttee MemberPosition Description 22 Wayne Johnson Wi Amanda 111 ams Advisory Committee Composition Chart 23 Wyoming State Li'brar,y Whlte House Conference on libr ary and Chief Off icers of State Library Informat ion Servi ces Task Force Potential Sources for lnteragency Task Force Members 25 Agencies Examples of Organizations and Interests for Possible Program Mary Alice Reszetar, National Convnlsslon Team Membership 27 Patricia Klinck on Librar ies and Informat ion Science, Vermont Department of Libraries Assoc iate Director Preliminary Design group Meetings and Activities 29 Chief Officers of State Library White House Conference Program Officer Agencies Acknowledgments 3D Ill li 11. Execut Ive SuoJ11ary I. Introduction LegI station pending In Congress authorizes a 1989 Whlte House Conference on Library and Information Services. To begin planning for that Conference, ,,·~- -·!, the Nati onal Commission on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS) estab- In AprI I, 1985, National COllllllsslon on Libraries and Information Science 1I shed the Wiltte !louse Conference on Library and Information Services Pre- (NCLIS) Chair Elinor Hashim appointed the White IJouse Conference on Li 1lmlnary Design Group. NCLIShas submitted to the Office of Management brary and Information Services Preliminary Design Group. Composedof and Budget a preliminary budget estimate to begin planning the Conference. members from the "local, state and federal levels, the representatives are National library and Informati on science organizations have expressed In from the Chief Officers of State library Agencies (COSLA).the White House terest In and support for the Conference. Conference on Library and Information Services Task force (WHCLIST)and NCLIS. The Design Group was asked to: Library and Informat ion services for productivity, library and Information serv Ices for 11teracy, and 11brary and I nformatlon services for democracy 1. Hake recolllllendatlons on the kinds of appointments which should be are proposed as the three overarching themes of the 1989 White IJouse Con made by the President, Senate, House and NCLISto the 30 member ference. The Conference Is a process for widespread discussion of Issues National Advisory Committee (National Conference Committee), relating to these themes and to other concerns for l lbrary and Information taking Into consideration minority representation and geographic services at loca l, state, regional and national levels. Participants In d Is tr! button, Conference activities at all levels will Identify and assist In focusing Issues, and develop recommendations for action. Subject specialists pre 2. Prepare a preliminary design which will recommendthe scope and pare Information for use In Issue discussions, and later prepare option focus of the Conference, papers and other materials to support the agenda for the national confer ence. 3. frame the different alternatives for financing the Conference, and Considerable fl exlbl I tty Is recommended for program activities leading to 4. Initiate planning for the schedule of events leading to the Con- the 1989 White I-louse Conference. Substate, state and multlstate activities ference. addressing library and Information services issues, or any combination of activities at these levels, should be permitted, and pending legis lation This report responds to that charge and offers suggestions to help advance should be amended to allow this flexibility. The llhlte ftouse Conference planning for the 1989 White House Conference. Prepared for the members process must be vi ewed as a reflect ion of the federal system In which major and staff of the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, decisions are made at al I levels of government and in which Intergovernmenta l the report also will be useful to the White IJouse Conference Advisory cooperation is essential. Committee and Its staff, and to others who will assist in planning the 1989 Whl te llouse Conference . The pending legis lation creates a llhlte IJouse Conference Advisory Coomlttee. The Pre! iminary Des ign Group provides a recolllnended position description The Preliminary Design Group recognizes that many individuals and groups for Advisory Committee members, and a chart ident ifying categories of per will have varying opinions about the organization and the focus of the sons sought, characteristics, and geographic location. While the Advisory Conference. We encourage NCLISto widely distribute this report and to Committee is being appointed, NCLISshould appoint an interagency task and from and continue seeking Ideas suggestions all persons organizations force of persons from federal agencies whose missions relate to the Confer Interested In the 1989 White House Conference. The success of the Confer ence themes to begin implementation of the authorizing legislation. The ence requires widespread Involvement of the library community and of other Advisory Committee is encouraged to create a program team of subject speci Interested organizations In Conference planning. alists for each of the Conference tllemes to assist In planning and to pre pare Conference materials. Operat ions Teams are proposed to assist In management of the Conference , Conference staff and funds must be secured, and detailed planning of Con ference events and activitie s must begin. Full -t ime Conference staff must be hired. Additional staff may IJe available on loan from ott,er federal agencies, from libraries and library, Information science and other asso ciations having an interest in the Conference, and on contract for prepara tion of specific papers and documents. Alternatives for financing the Con ference include federa l support for all conference activiti es, a combina tion of federal and state or private funds, and private suppor t for all Conference activities. Major activities and events leadi ng to the Confer ence and fol towing the Conference are Identified In a Planning Time! ine. The success of the Conference requires widespread Involvement In Conference planning . The Pre I iminary Des ign Group encourages NCLISto continue seek ing ideas and suggestions from all persons and organizations Interested In planning the 1989 White llouse Conference on library and Information Serv ices. - 1 - - 2 - ·1 Ill. The Context for Planning the The Nationa l Commissi on on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS) which 1989 White House Conference on Llhrary and Information Services coordinated pre-White House Conferences between 1977 and 1979, and organ ized and conducted t he 1979 White House Conference , also has taken steps toward a 1989 White House Conference. At Its July, 1984 meeting, NCLIS adopted a reso lut ion to : The f irst White House Conference on Library and Information Services , held November 15 through 19, 1979, was the culmina tion of 57 state, terri tor ial I. Request commitment by the President, the United States Senate, and theme confe rences and other meetings t hat Involved more t han 100,000 and the United Sta tes House of Representatives, to the planning persons In grass roots discuss ion of cri tical Issues affecti ng I lbrary and and conduct of a national conference on library and Information information services. serv ices In 1989. More t han 3,000 reso lutions were passed at the pre- White House Conferences , 2. In consultation with the Executive Office of the President, leader many recommending acti on at state and local levels to strengthen li brary ship of the United States Senate and the United States House of and Informat ion servi ces . Annual summary reports submitted since 1980 by Represent atives, WHCLIST,and the major national associations state I lbrary agenc ies and members of t he Whl te House Conference on Library representing library and Information services, designate during and Informat ion Servi ces Taskforc e (llllCLIST) document Increases In stat e the latter half of Fiscal Year 1985, and subject to the avallabll appropr I at Ians for 11br a°ry and I nformatlon se rv Ices , es tab 11s hment of new lty of funding , a preliminary Conference Design Group to Initiate grant programs, formati on of many statewide Fri ends of Libraries organiza planning for appointment of a National Conference Conwnlttee (to be ti ons, <'XJJ~nd<'dcon tinuing education opportun i ties, and many other si gni f i made In Fiscal Year 1986) and for the agenda of the Conference and cant changes. No one can claim that these Improvements occurred only be the schedule of events leading to the Conference; and cause of the Wilite flouse Conference or the state leve l conferences , but many people agree that these confe rences hel ped focus atte nt ion on cri t i 3. Recommendthat the President's Fiscal Year 1986 budget request ca l Is sues and helped buil d broader publi c support for Improved library Include funds to support the work of the National Conference Com and informat ion servi ces. mittee In planning the 1989 Conference. The nationa l Whl te House Conference brought t ogether more than 3,600 par An essential step In the process of achieving a 1989 White House Confer ti cipants , including 806 voting delegates , to discuss li brary and lnforma ence on Library and Information Services was taken In April, 1985, by tl on serv Ices Issues and to deve I op recommendations for strengthen Ing Senator Claiborne Pell (Rhode Island) and Representative BIii Ford servi ces. Delegates passed 64 reso luti ons urg ing action by appropri at ing (Michigan) who Introduced Identical resolutions S. J. Res. 112 and author I ti es, po 11c y makers, government agenc I es and 11brarl ans to improve H. J. Res. 244, calling for a 1989 White House Conference. During the library and Informat ion services. By 1985, act ion had been taken to fall of 1985, other Senators and Representatives have joined as co- spon implement, at least In par t, 55 of t hese reso lutions . sors of this legislation. One of tl1e recommendations (Resolution F-3 ) of the first White House Con ference on Library and Informat ion Services is " ... that a White House or Federa l Conference on Library and Informat ion Services be held every decade to es tab I ish t he nati onal Informati on goals and priori ties for the next decade, to assure effective t ra nsfer of knowledge to citizenry, and to accomplish this goal In l lght of accelerated changPs In Information tech nology and practices." Two resolutions (Resolutions F- 1 and F-5) adopted by the 1979 Whlte House Conference on Library and Information Serv ices ca ll ed for the National Com miss ion on Libraries and Informati on Science to convene a group , with dele gates from each state, territorial or spec ial delegat ion to t he Conference, to plan, implement and foll ow up reso luti ons from t he conference . In response to t hes e reso I utl ons, t he \,/hit e House Conference on Library and Informat ion Servi ces Task Force (WHCU ST) was formed in September, 1980. For the past fl~e years, WHCLIST has moni tored Implementation of the 64 reso lutions passed by t he 1979 White House Conference and has worked toward a 1989 flhite !louse Conference on Library and Information Services . The American Library Association has adopted a resolution encouraging a 1989 White House Conference, .ind most other nationa l I lbrary and Information serv icP organ izations have expressed interest in and suppor t for such a confe re nce . - 4 - - 3 - IV. The Scope and focus of the 1989 White House Conference 7. The entire conference process should build on the results of the first White ltouse Conference and subsequent developments. ~ . .., 8. Thls chapter addresses the White House Conference process. The purpose of ...~. Funding for the conference process should not be totally dependent the proposed 1989 Willte House Conference on Library and Information Serv upon federal funds, but should be a combination of private and/or pub ices ls reviewed. Planning assumptions made by the Prellmlnary Design lic sector funding. Group are detailed. Conference themes are proposed, and recOlllllendatlons 9. are made for processes to Identify Issues within these themes. Activities There should be considerable flexibility for agencies planning local, leading to the Conference are proposed, suggestions are made for conduct state and regional participation In the pre-White House Conference of the Conference Itself, and activities to follow the Conference are Ident activities. ified. 10. The opportunity should exist for states to cooperate wlth each other Purpose ln holding Joint or regional activities. Pending legislation (S.J. Res. 112 and H.J. Res. 244) states that: "The 11. The conference process should Involve llbrarlans, library trustees, mem purpose of the White House Conference on library and Information Services bers of friends of the library organizations, and Information services shall be to develop reco11111endatlonsfor the further Improvement of the li and Industry personnel, elected offlclals at all levels, and representa brary and Information services of the Nation and their use by the public, tives of the general public, and the total group should reflect the com In accordance with the findings set forth In the preamble to this joint poslt'lon of the population of the states, territories and Indian nations. resolution." Senator Pell and Congressman ford, In Introducing the joint resolutions, call for grass roots Involvement by the American public In 12. Emphasis should be placed on attracting and Involving persons who were cluding library users, civic leaders, lawmakers, llbrarlans and others in not participants ln the fir st White House Conference on library and Identifying unmet library service needs, examining library and Information Information Services. service issues, and developing recolllllendatlons for future library and ln formdtlon services. · --White --House ----Conference ---Themes Planning Assumptions Increased productivity, liter acy, and sound government decision making are critical to the health of our nation. They are the concern of the Pres i As planning for the second White House Conference on library and Informa dent, Congress. and elected officials at all levels of government. lie pro tion Services continues, the Preliminary Design Group recommends that the pose three overarching themes for the 1989 WhI te ltouse Conference: 11brary following assumptions guide the work of the planners: and Information services for productivity, library and Information services 1. Planning efforts will be based on the public act authorizing a second for Ii teracy, and library and Information services for democracy. These White House Conference. themes will enable the Conference to Identify unmet needs, examine Issues, and develop re commendations as cal led for In the pending legislation. 2. The Conference should be thought of as a process Involving persons from every state, territory and Indian Nation ln discussion of Is sues These themes also insure that the Conference discussions relate to pressing relating to library and Information services at local, state, regional loca l, state and national issues that are of concern to the President, and federal levels. Congress , and elec ted officia ls whose support libraries need. President Reagan has sa id: "If we 're to renew our economy, protect our freedom, we 3. The entire process should result ln the identification of user needs must sharpen the ski ll s of every American mind and enlarge the potential which will serve as the basis for realistic planning for library and of every individual American lif e. Unfortunately, the hidden problem of information services as the twenty- first century approaches. illiteracy holds back too many of our citizens ... • 1. Library and Information Services for Productivity 4. The national conference Itself should focus on the three themes recom mended in this report, with actlvltles at other levels also addressing Productivity in the United States has slowed over the last decade. As these themes as well as local, state and/or regional Issues. a result, our advantage In world markets has been shaken and employ n~nt in many industries Is affected. A Nation at Rl~k pointed out: 5. The process should be viewed as a continuum with local activities The risk is not only that the Japanese make automobiles more effi building up to any state/regional activities which lead to the national ciently than Americans and have government subsidies for develop conference; after the national conference the results should be re ment and export. It is not just that the South Koreans recently ported back for possible action to reglonal/state/local participants. built the world's most eff icient steel mill, or that Att~rlcan machine tools, once the pride of the world, are being displaced 6. The public relations component for the entire process should focus on by German products. It Is also that these developments signify the ·advocacy of library and Information services as an integral and a redistribution of trained capability throughout the globe . Knowl essential part of a democratic society. edge, learning, information, and skilled Intelligence are the new raw materi a Is of i nterna ti ona I comnerce and are today spreading throughout the world as vigorously as miracle drugs, synthetic - 5 - fertilizers, and blue jeans did earlier .... - 6 - Economists vary In their opinions regarding the causes of Increasing Libraries must also continue to provide research and Information serv or decreasing productivity, but two factors are often cited: Invest ices vital to economic development. libraries enhance Industrial and ment In technology (equipment, fac t Ii ties, process ) and Investment In business productivity by providing lnfonnatlon vital to research and human resources (knowledge and development of workers' ski I ls and cap development, operations, and decision making. The products of Invest abi I ltles). ment In research, both by government and by the private sector, are available through libraries. Business, science and technology sections Humanresource development ls critically Important to increasing pro of public and university libraries every day provide technical reports, ductiv ity. Productivity is reduced when workers have difficulty coping International trade Information, economic data, Federal standards and with day-to-day respons ibilities or envisioning a long-term product ive specifications, copies of patents, and other Information needed for career. fiber optics , telecommunications, robotics, biotechnology, business and Industrial purposes. Small businesses, an Increasingly microelectronics and other technologies are redef ining the way most significant part of our economy, need library services because they businesses work. lhe technology and the shift from a manufacturing cannot afford extensive in-house Information resources or massive re to a serv ice-and information-driven economy mandate extens ive and on training programs. going retraining for the workforce. This retra ining requires litera cy ski l is on the part of workers and assures their abi I tty for continuing As technological changes are having an enormous Impact on our economy learn ing. Most workers today will be required to master fi ve different and as our society rapidly becomes more Information-based and Informa Jobs in the course of their working life . tion-driven, the ability to locate, acquire, organize and use Informa tion Is essential to success. The work force wt 11 shrink as the "baby boom" generation begins to re ti re, and thr nat ion will be Increasingly deprndent upon minority peo The White House Conference will need to consider how libraries can: ple in the work force. As there are fewer workers and a hi gher per 0 provide business and Industry (and small businesses In particular) centage of disadvantaged workers , opportunities for lif elong learning improved access to needed Information; must become part of the foundation upon which we bui Id renewed national produc ti v I ty. 0 help American business acquire a larger share of the International market; Increased employment is a key part of economic growth and the stabi i- 0 1 economy. now added economy inform Industries, economists, business consultants and others ty of the lhe major! ty of Jobs to the are and from in small businesses. Firms of fewer tl1an 20 rmployees account for more about the resources services available libraries; than half of the Jobs in the country. 0 expand services that assist In developing a more efficient work- force; Ensuring the success and economic vit ality of small business has become 0 a national as well as a state-level priority. In New York State , for insure access to new Information technology; instance , the importance of small business is shown by the estimate 0 promote economic vitality; that reduc ing the annual rate at which small businesses fail by only 0 one percent would contribute 40,000 Jobs to the economy each make Information accessible to all people through networks that state's link the resources of public, university, school and corporate year. libraries; As more busines s becomes Internat iona l, and we comp~te further In Inter 0 help meet the Information, continuing education, cultural, and national markets, business needs an expanded understand ing of othe r social needs of senior citizens, ensuring continued productivity cultures, languages , and business pract ices. of our aging society; 0 serve disabled and disadvantaged persons, helping them to become Libraries are Information agencies tn an information soc iety. They rrore productive; and are indispensable to the economic well beln9 of our nation. Research and development depends upon access to informat ion. Libraries are 0 cooperate with community groups, organizations, and other agencies needed by Indus tr! es, bus I ness, and government as they deal wI th the In focusing upon meeting the needs of troubled youth. need to increase productivity and adapt to new techno logy. 2. library and Information Services for literacy Libraries offer, as we an his toric avenue for indi vi dual advance ll, lllfteracy constitutes a national crisis. Some 27 million persons, ment, a means for increased soc ial and economic mobI I ity for poor and or one-fifth of the adult population of the United States, are unable disadva ntaged persons. For Instance, 10 of the 25 fundab le act! vi ti es to read beyond a fifth grade level. These llmerlcans are functionally under the 1983 Job Trai ning Partnership Act (which focuses on retraining the workforce) are part of today's li brary services -- including job illiterate -- unable to complete an application form, write a check, information counseling, literacy training and work readiness prepara t ion. - 7 - - 8 - address an envelope, or read a safety notice or warning sign. Another and Native American. Remediation, as well as prevention of probl ems, estimated 46 million persons are only marginally competent In the can range from helping parents and daycare personnel Introduce children reading and writing tasks related to everyday living and working. At to books and reading to cooperation In Implementing the results of the same time the changing nature of many jobs and a more complex learning disability research. society demands higher levels of reading and writing ability. As a result, millions of these Americans are unemployed, underemployed, or In a society t11at dally becomes more Information-oriented and more eco less effective members of society. Young people join the ranks of nomically dependent on the effective use of knowledge, the ability to these two groups of reading handicapped every day. find and use Information ls a fundamental skill. This ability (cur rently falling under several rubrics : lnfonnatlon skills, Information The cost of Illiteracy Is clear In the following national estimates: literacy, media literacy, critical thinking skills, and higher order • forty percent of adults with Incomes under $5,000 are functlonlly thinking skills, to name a few), extends the definition of literacy. 1111terate. A 1983 Department of Education report states "Host educators are now we a 0 beginning to recognize that are living In world that ls driven Over one-third of mothers receiving Aid for Dependent Children are by more Information than can be taught. The averdge citizen, and cer 1111terate. tainly the well-educated citizen as well, must therefore be capable 0 Eleven percent of today's professional and managerial workers and of selecting and abstracting the Information that ls needed at any 30 percent of semi-skilled and unskilled workers are Illiterate. given tlme .•• 'Excellence In education can no long~r be measured by counting the number of facts a student has memorized. Rather, the • $6 billion Is spent annually on welfare and unemployment compensa criterion must be the ability to sort through bodies of Information, tion due to Illiteracy. find what ls needed, and use It to solve ••• problems." This objec • $6.6 billion Is spent per year on 700,000 Illiterate prison Inmates. tive should be realized In part through academic courses and In part 0 through school library media centers which provide special opportunity One million students drop out of high school In the United States for students to develop research and self-study skills and to build each year. capacities for lifelong learning. 0 forty percent of all minority youth may be functionally illiterate. The White ltouse Conference wl 11 need to consider how librar ies can: 0 $10 billion Is expended by corporations in remedial programs for employees. 0 more effectively support formal education for litera cy; 0 0 $224 billion annually ls lost In welfare payments, crime, Job In assist greater numbers of self-learners and their volunteer tutors; competence, lost taxes and remedial education. 0 help persons whose primary language ls not English; 0 $237 billion Is forfeited In unrealized earnings of unemployed and 0 cooperate with other agencies in crnrmunlty Information and referral; underemployed adults. 0 use new technologies to serve learners; All libraries play a role In developing and expanding literacy. Li 0 help people develop copi~g skills; braries offer a unique opportunity for attacking the alarming illit 0 eracy problem In America. The 1984 U.S. Department of Education re best extend literacy and other services to people in rural areas; port Alliance for Excellence calls on "libraries to become active In 0 support and expand 11 teracy and other serv Ices to minor I ti es; adult l1terac{eaucation programs at local, state, and national levels." This reconvnendatlon builds on public library experience with serving • become effective partners and advocates In mobilizing community, adult Independent learners and In cooperating with schools and commun state, and federal action In behalf of literacy; ity groups. In the last twenty years, libraries have undertaken a 0 help newly literate people expand their educational, cultural, and dynamic role In helping people who need to develop their reading skills . international horizons; Libraries seek out and acquire special materials for adult learners. 0 Tiley have added, to their library reference services community-based best use limited Federal funds authorized under LSCATitles V and information and referral centers that help potential students and vol VI, and cooperate with other federal literacy programs; unteers get Involved In local literacy programs and identify other 0 support training and education programs In penal Institutions; needed services. They work with other literacy education-providers 0 In the community. Libraries provide materials for educators, tutors, strengthen and develop children's services and parent education and students -- and In many cases they provide library space for tutor programs that will help develop a new generation of life-long ing programs. Providing materials, making It easy for people to use learners; those materials, and providing programs, activities, and exhibits that 0 support lifel ong learning for people of all ages, conditi ons , and help people in an Information society are cornerstones of every li abilities; and br&ry's service. Remediation of literacy problems can Involve all types of libraries - - school, academic, public, institution, special, improve se rvi ces through cooperation with the private sector. - 10 - - 9 -