Pope Julius II

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The Church in the Modern World (1400 A.D. - Present) The Dam Breaks: Reform and Renewal The Avignon Papacy 1309-1378 A.D. St. Catherine of Siena 1347-1380 A.D. Catherine to Pope Gregory XI: “Be a man” Jan Hus 1369-1415 A.D. Why Burning at the Stake? Opposite of Baptism – removal from community Total destruction of the heretic – no relics Mirrors the expected afterlife punishment: Hell Johann Gutenberg Invents the Printing Press c. 1453 A.D. Before the Printing Press? Ferdinand of Spain Isabella of Spain 1452-1516 A.D. 1451-1504 A.D. Spanish Reconquest The Spanish Inquisition 1478-1834 A.D. Torquemada Christopher Columbus 1451-1506 A.D. Hernan Cortes Conquers Mexico 1485-1547 A.D. St. Juan Diego & Our Lady of Guadalupe December 9-12, 1531 A.D. Francisco Pizarro Conquers Peru 1475-1541 A.D. Spanish Atrocities in the New world St. Bartolome de Las Casas 1474-1566 A.D. Renaissance 1300-1600 A.D. Birth of Venus Botticelli (1486) The Last Supper Leonardo da Vinci (1498) Mona Lisa Leonardo da Vinci (1503) David Michelangelo (1504) The School of Athens Raphael (1511) Renaissance Papacy Pope Alexander VI Pope Julius II Pope Leo X (1492-1503) (1503-1513) (1513-1521) Sexually and politically “Warrior Pope” paid for Materialistic Medici corrupt Borgia pope Sistine Chapel art pope sold indulgences Savonarola’s “Bonfire of the Vanities” – 1497 Papal Interdict on Florence, 1498 Pope Leo X r. 1513-1521 A.D. “Power corrupts; absolute power corrupts absolutely” Johann Tetzel: the Pope’s Indulgence-seller 1465-1519 A.D. • “…complete absolution and remission of all sins…” • “…preferential treatment for their future sins…” • “…the passports to lead the human soul to the celestial joys of Paradise.” • “…the Pope has the power in heaven and earth to forgive that sin, and if he forgives it, God must do so also.” Martin Luther 1483-1546 A.D. Luther Posts His 95 Theses October 31, 1517 Luther Burns Writ of Excommunication December, 1520 .

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Reformation 2017 Pope Leo X Bulletin Insert
FACES OF THE REFORMATION FACES OF THE REFORMATION The leader of the Roman Catholic The leader of the Roman Catholic Church who saw Luther as just Church who saw Luther as just another heretic to easily dismiss another heretic to easily dismiss Pope Leo X Giovanni de’ Medici was a member Pope Leo X Giovanni de’ Medici was a member (a.k.a. Giovanni de’ of the famous Medici household (a.k.a. Giovanni de’ of the famous Medici household Medici) in Florence, Italy. His father, Lorenzo the Medici) in Florence, Italy. His father, Lorenzo the Magnificent, raised his sons to be patrons of the arts. Magnificent, raised his sons to be patrons of the arts. Born: Dec. 11, 1475 | As the second son, Giovanni was steered to a life Born: Dec. 11, 1475 | As the second son, Giovanni was steered to a life Florence, Italy within the church. Due to his family’s connections, he Florence, Italy within the church. Due to his family’s connections, he was named a cardinal at age 17 and became pope at 37, was named a cardinal at age 17 and became pope at 37, Died: Dec. 1, 1521 | taking the name Leo X. Died: Dec. 1, 1521 | taking the name Leo X. Rome, Italy Leo continued the work of his predecessor in building Rome, Italy Leo continued the work of his predecessor in building St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome and soon found himself in St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome and soon found himself in financial straits due to his extravagant construction financial straits due to his extravagant construction spending and costly wars with France.
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Valuable Historical Extracts. ,,,,,,, 40,11/1/, FACTS FOR THE TIMES. A COLLECTION —OF — VALUABLE HISTORICAL EXTRACTS ON A GR.E!T VA R TETY OF SUBJECTS, OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO THE BIBLE STUDENT, FROM EMINENT AUTHORS, ANCIENT AND MODERN. REVISED BY G. I. BUTLER. " Admissions in favor of troth, from the ranks of its enemies, constitute the highest kind of evidence."—Puss. Ass Mattatc. Pr This Volume contains about One Thousand Separate Historical Statements. THIRD EDITION, ENLARGED, AND BROUGHT DOWN TO 1885. REVIEW AND HERALD, BATTLE CREEK, MICH. PACIFIC PRESS, OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA. PREFACE. Tax object of this volume, as its name implies, is to furnish to the inquirer a large fund of facts bearing upon important Bible subjects, which are of special interest to the present generation, • While "the Bible and the Bible alone" is the only unerring rule of faith and practice, it is very desirable oftentimes to ascertain what great and good men have believed concerning its teachings. This is especially desirable when religious doctrines are being taught which were considered new and strange by some, but which, in reality, have bad the sanction of many of the most eminent and devoted of God's servants in the past. Within the last fifty years, great changes have occurred among religious teachers and churches. Many things which were once con- sidered important truths are now questioned or openly rejected ; while other doctrines which are thought to be strange and new are found to have the sanction of the wisest and best teachers of the past. The extracts contained in this work cover a wide range of subjects, many of them of deep interest to the general reader.
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Christopher White Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Peter the “rock”? ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Churches change over time ...................................................................................................................... 6 The Church and her earthly pilgrimage .................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1 The Apostle Peter (d. 64?) : First Bishop and Pope of Rome? .................................................. 11 Peter in Rome ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Yes and No .............................................................................................................................................. 13 The death of Peter .................................................................................................................................. 15 Chapter 2 Pope Sylvester (314-335): Constantine’s Pope ......................................................................... 16 Constantine and his imprint .................................................................................................................... 17 “Remembering” Sylvester ......................................................................................................................
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Doctrine of Discovery: Questions and Answers Q. What is the Doctrine of Discovery? The Doctrine of Discovery is a principle of international law dating from the late 15th century. It has its roots in a papal decree issued by Pope Nicholas V in 1452 that specifically sanctioned and promoted the conquest, colonization, and exploitation of non-Christian territories and peoples. Hundreds of years of decisions and laws continuing right up to our own time can ultimately be traced back to the Doctrine of Discovery—laws that invalidate or ignore the rights, sovereignty, and humanity of indigenous peoples in the United States and around the world. Q. Why does the Doctrine of Discovery still matter when it is over 500 years old? It is still in effect and is written into settled US law since 1823 about a land dispute between two individuals (Under Chief Justice John Marshall). It forms the basis for “Manifest Destiny,” the expansion into Indian lands. It is used to justify legal and forcible takeover of indigenous lands, without just compensation. The Discovery Doctrine is a concept of public international law expounded by the United States Supreme Court in a series of decisions, most notably Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823. In this Supreme Court case, Chief Justice John Marshall's opinion in the unanimous decision held "that the principle of discovery gave European nations an absolute right to New World lands." In essence, American Indians had only a right of occupancy, which could be abolished.” (Source: www.redlakenationnews.com/story/2017/06/15/news/doctrine- of-discovery-repudiated/61672.html) It is used to interpret Indian Treaties in a way that has undermined treaty rights.
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THE POWER OF THE POPES is eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at hp://www.gutenberg.org/license. Title: e Power Of e Popes Author: Pierre Claude François Daunou Release Date: Mar , [EBook #] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF- *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE POWER OF THE POPES*** Produced by David Widger. ii THE POWER OF THE POPES By Pierre Claude François Daunou AN HISTORICAL ESSAY ON THEIR TEMPORAL DOMINION, AND THE ABUSE OF THEIR SPIRITUAL AUTHORITY Two Volumes in One CONTENTS TRANSLATORS PREFACE ADVERTISEMENT TO THE THIRD EDITION, ORIGINAL CHAPTER I. ORIGIN OF THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE POPES CHAPTER II. ENTERPRIZES OF THE POPES OF THE NINTH CENTURY CHAPTER III. TENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IV. ENTERPRISES OF THE POPES OF THE ELEVENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER V. CONTESTS BETWEEN THE POPES AND THE SOVEREIGNS OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY CHAPTER VI. POWER OF THE POPES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VII. FOURTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VIII. FIFTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IX. POLICY OF THE POPES OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER X. ATTEMPTS OF THE POPES OF THE SEVENTEENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER XII. RECAPITULATION CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE ENDNOTES AND iv TO THE REV. RICHARD T. P. POPE, AT WHOSE SUGGESTION IT WAS UNDERTAKEN, THIS TRANSLATION OF THE PAPAL POWER IS INSCRIBED, AS A SMALL TRIBUTE OF RESPET AND REGARD BY HIS AFFECTIONATE FRIEND, THE TRANSLATOR. TRANSLATORS PREFACE HE Work of whi the following is a translation, had its origin in the trans- T actions whi took place between Pius VII.
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CHAPTER 2 MODERN HISTORY The next section begins the treatment on modern history as it pertains to the development of the canon. It explains the rise of the Protestant Reformation Movement, the colonization of the world, and the global proliferation of the canon in the larger society and in schools. 1300 – 1700 EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE PERIOD Coming out of the Dark Ages, the European Renaissance Period was marked by the rebirth of art, science, history and philosophy. This period was also characterized by a resurgence of classical learning, investigation, discovery and exploration of other continents often called the “New World.” It also responded to the religious oppression of the Roman Catholic Church and its oppositional stand against science by celebrating the Copernican and Ptolemaic systems of astronomy and science. Additionally, the Renaissance epoch in Europe was now replacing the medieval thinking that the world was flat. For example, the “wheel map,” which was developed by theologians, showed the world as being flat. This map was used for centuries. On an intellectual and theoretical level, Renaissance scholars were postulating that the world was round. The notion of a round earth appealed to adventurers and social thinkers of the time, such as Christopher Columbus, who felt that this implied that there was potentially another route to India and China, by way of sailing west. However, Ptolemy's maps, which were being used by most sailors, did not have the Caribbean or Americas on them because most people did not know of their existence. However, new explorations and the advent of Prince Henry’s Navigation School, led to enhanced maritime skills and mapmaking, which suggested that the earth was round rather than flat.
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Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: the Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles
University of Central Florida STARS Honors Undergraduate Theses UCF Theses and Dissertations 2019 Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: The Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles Madison L. Clyburn University of Central Florida Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the UCF Theses and Dissertations at STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Undergraduate Theses by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Clyburn, Madison L., "Displays of Medici Wealth and Authority: The Acts of the Apostles and Valois Fêtes Tapestry Cycles" (2019). Honors Undergraduate Theses. 523. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/honorstheses/523 DISPLAYS OF MEDICI WEALTH AND AUTHORITY: THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES AND VALOIS FÊTES TAPESTRY CYCLES by MADISON LAYNE CLYBURN A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors in the Major Program in Art History in the College of Arts & Humanities and in the Burnett Honors College at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term, 2019 Thesis Chair: Margaret Ann Zaho, Ph.D. © 2019 Madison Layne Clyburn ii ABSTRACT The objective of my research is to explore Medici extravagance, power, and wealth through the multifaceted artistic form of tapestries vis-à-vis two particular tapestry cycles; the Acts of the Apostles and the Valois Fêtes. The cycles were commissioned by Pope Leo X (1475- 1521), the first Medici pope, and Catherine de’ Medici (1519-1589), queen, queen regent, and queen mother of France.
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Medici-Part 3-Medici Popes
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