Fire Testing of 55 Gallon Metal Waste Drums - for Dry Waste Storage

Fire Testing of 55 Gallon Metal Waste Drums - For Dry Waste Storage

Prepared for United States Deparmaent Of Energy Office of Environment, Safety, and Health Under contract with Westinghouse Hartford Company Riehland, WA

by H.K. Hasegawa KJ. Staggs S.M. Doughty

. July, 1993

Fire R_h Discipline " Special Projects Division Hazards Control Department Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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.... L r:*t" Fire Testing of 55 Gallon Metal Waste Drums For Dry Waste Storage

Summary:

The Fire Research Disciplineof the Hazards ControlDepartmentof LawrenceLivermore National Laboratoryconducteda fh-etest program funded by the Department Of Energy Office of Environmental, Safety, and Health, and administeredby the WestinghouseHartfordCompany. The primary goal of this project was to provide information on the fire performance of 55 gallon metal waste drums used for dry waste storage in DepartmentOf Energyfacilities.

Six tests were conductedusing three different types of drums. In the first test an empty 55 gallonsteel drum was heated according to the ASTM E119 time temperature curve. In the remaining test various drum configurations were exposed to a 6 foot diameterpool fire. Each drum was fiUedwith 10kilograms of class "A" combustibles. During the tests internal pressures and temperatures were monitored.

Failureof the lid seals occurredin all of the drumsearlyin the tests. Hotcombustible gases ventedfrom eachdrumand ignited. In three teststhe lids blew off the drumsejecting some of the materialfromthe drums.

, Results from these tests showed that heat transferthrough the drum side wall is almost unimpeded. Failure of lid seals will allow release of anytoxic and/orradioactivematerialsand smoke contained in the drums. . Completelid failure willexpel materialfromthe drumsand intensify the f'h-'eThese. results alSOindicate that small f'nesin high bay storage areas will cause drum failures before sprinklers are activated. 1.0 Introduction:

The primary goal of this test program was to conduct aseries of fire test to provide informationon the fire performance of 55 gallon metal waste drums used for solid waste disposal at DepartmentOf Energy (DOE) facilities. This program was limited in focus to three different types of 55 gallon drums, one radiant

heat source, and one specific f'uesize. The initialtest was a single empty 55 gallon drum exposed to a a, standardASTM E-119 time temperature curvefor over 10minutes. The full scale tests involvedmetal drums exposed to a 6' diameter flammable liquid fire for a prescribed period of time. The drums contained simulated dry waste materials of primarily class A combustibles.The test results showed that a conventional 55 gallon drum with a 1" bung would blow its lid consistently.

Information on typical drum contents was obtained from Rocky Flats and Westinghouse Hanford.

2.0 Project Plan:

The initial test in the series involveda representativeempty55 gallonwaste drum. This drum was instrumented and exposed to the ASTM E-119 time temperaturecurve to evaluate anddocumentits fire performance.The objective of this test was to characterizea drum'sfire performancein accordancewith a standard large scale test. The environmentprovided by an ASTM E-119 time temperature curve is that of a flashed over (fully involved) room.

Utilizing 55 gallon metal drums representative of those used throughout the DOE complex for hazardous materialstorage, 3-4 drums per test were loaded with contents simulating what would be expected in hazardous materials drums. These drums were of varyingtypes (i.e.,sealed, vented, polyethylenelined, and over packed). The drums were identified so that a f'ue performancematrix based on type and contents could be developed. The f'treexposure was based on a probable scenario involving a flammable liquid spill. Each drum combination was evaluated from two duplicate full-scaleexperiments.

Testing was conducted in theLLNL Fire Test Cell. All the drums were instrumentedto monitor internal pressures and temperatures. Temperaturedatawas also collected on the furnaceand flammableliquid exposure fires. Ventilation through the Test Cell was configuredwith a low inlet, directed at the base of the f'ues,and a high outlet. Airflow was in excess of 3000 CFM. Exhaust gases were monitored for 02, CO2, CO and HC concentrations. All tests were documented by videotape as well as 35mm still photography.

Attachment 1 contains plots of all the data collected from each test. 3.0 ASTM E-119 Fire Exposure Test:

The ASTM E- 119exposure te., Jonfiguration with a single empty 55 gallon drum in the test configuration is shown in Figure 1. The apparatus is not a full scale E-119 furnace,but rather, a scaled down version capableof reproducing an equivalent time temperature curve. Photos l&2 show the overall set up and the . placementof the drum in the furnace. The cyclone fencing shown in photo 1 was use to contain the drum and other material in the event of an explosion.

3.1 WDEll9A:

The drum instrumentation shown in photos 2&3 hacludesa pressure probe and thermocouple installed into the drum lid. This array was standard for each drum throughout the test series. Although there is not a formal standard for testing waste drums in an ASTM E-119 furnace, one failure criterion typically used for flammable liquid storagecabinets (NFPA-30, section 4-3) would be the time when the internal temperature exceeded 3250 F (163o C). The temperature plot in Figure 2 shows that it took about 140 seconds from test initiationfor the internaldrumtemperatureto reachthis point. This plot also shows thatthe internal temperatureof the drumclosely trackedthe furnacetemperature.The commonly used auto-ignition temperaturesof 500°C,for the typesof materialsthatwouldbe storedin these drums, was reached at approximately400 seconds into the test. The pressureplot also shown in figure 2, shows that the pressure withinthe drumpeaked at 16psi,with the seal failing at around330 seconds fromtestinitiation. Photos4 & 5 display the conditionof the drumposttest. Photo 5 shows the bulge inthe lid on theside facing the bumers.

4.0 Flammable Liquid Fires:

Isopropylalcohol was usedas the fuel for the liquidpool fires, becauseof its relativelycleanburning characteristics,whichfacilitatedvisualobservationsthroughoutthe test duration.The metaldrums were ° placed in the 6 foot diametermetal pan as shown in photo 6. The pan has a total surfaceareaof 28.25ft2. However, a significant area of the pan was occupiedby the drums. This area varied depending on the type " and numberof drumsused in each test. In WDPAN1 the drums occupiedapproximately 12ft2 of the pans surface area, with the fuel covering an area of 16.25 ft2. In WDPAN2&3 the drums occupied an area of 13ft2, reducing the surface area for the fuel to 15.25 ft2. In tests WDPAN4&5 one less drum was used, allowing a surface area for the fuel of 18.25ft2. In tests WDPAN 1-3 10 gallons of Isopropanal was used to form a layer approximately 0.75" deep. This was increased to12 gallons in tests WDPAN4&5, because of the increasedsurfacearearesultingfrom the eliminationof onedrum,to maintaina fuel level of approximately0.75". The alcohol burned for approximately16 minutes in each test. It is difficult to determine theexact energy levels that the drums were exposed to in these fires. However, we estimate the HeatRelease Rate of these fires to be between 0.5-1.0 Megawatts.

Each drum had a total combustible load of approximately 10kg (22 lbs.). This amount fdled the drums without packing them down. The specific contents are described in Table 1 and shown in photo 7. This fuel loading consisted of common laboratory items such as polyethylene bags, disposable coveralls, cotton gloves, etc.

G Approximately 3500 CFM of air was pulled through the testcell in a low inlet to high outlet configuration. The inlet air was diffused down and across the floor to minimize its effects on the fh'e. This airflow rate and configuration provided the fire with sufficient quantitiesof oxygen for combustion and kept the Test Cell clear of smoke, for good visibility.

4.1 WDPANI:

The initial test in this series was a calibrationbum thatevaluatedfour identical 17C 55 gallonepoxy coated drums containing lids without bungs. Class A combustibles were packed into the drums as described above and shown in photo 8. Drum location and instrumentationare shown in Figure 3. The overall set up for this test is shown in photo 6.

Figure 4 is a composite plot of the temperatures within the four dr ms. It shows that the ignition temperature for the drum contents was reached at about 400 second for three of the four drums. The temperaturein the fourth drum appeared to follow the alcohol rue temperaturealmost exactly. The drum pressures are summarized in Figure 5. All drums vented around 300 seconds as indicated by the sudden drop in pressure. The test fire lasted for approximately 10 minutes without violent failure of any of the drums. Photo 9 shows that all the drum lids buckled or bulged on the side facing the center of the pan. Photo's 10-13 show that much of the drum contents were burned or charred. The charred remains of the drum lid seal are shown in photo 14.

4,2 WDPAN2 &3:

Two identical testswere conductedfor this test series,WDPAN2 and WDPAN3. A total of 5 drums were tested in each test. The positioning of the drumsand instrumentationare shown in Figure6 and photo 15. Dnmas 1,2&5 were standard 55 gal 17C waste drums. Drum 3 was an overpack or salvage drumthat

4 encased drum 5 and its contents. These drums are shown in photo 16. Drum 4 was a Transuranium (rRU) drum, and was loaded as describe above and shown in photo 17. Photo 18 shows drum 4 with the top of the liner in place. An additional thermocouple and pressure probe were placed in the space between the inner drum (drum #5) and the salvage drum (drum # 3).

4.2.1 WDPAN2 Events:

" Approximately 194 seconds, after ignition of the alcohol, combustible gases venting through lid seals of drams 1 and 4 ignited. At 200 seconds the lid to drum 1 buckled. A significant event occurred at 277 seconds when drum number l's lid blew off emitting a fire ball and explosive sound. Burning material was ejected from the drum and the fh-eintensified. The alcohol fire went out at approximately 960 seconds, however, the debris ejected from drum number 1 continued to bum. A flame extending out from the 1" bung hole in drum number 3's lid became visible after the alcohol fire died down. Flames from the lid seal area of each drum and from the 1" bung hole in the salvage drum, went out shortly after the alcohol and ejected debris stopped burning. The materials within drum number 1 continued to bum until it was extinguished with a hand held CO2 fire extinguisher.

4.2.2 WDPAN2 Results:

The plots shown in figures 7&8 are composites of the internal drum pressures and temperatures. The plots in figure 7 show that number 1 dram vented at approximately 205 seconds into the test, with a total loss of pressure occurring at approximately 275 seconds. The plots in figure 8, show that the maximum internal drum temperature at this point was 480°C. • Data from these plots show that drum 2 vented at 180 seconds with an internal temperature of just over 400°C. This data also shows, that the number 3 dram started to vent at 180 seconds, with a total pressure loss occurring at 280 seconds at an internal temperature of 280°C. , These plots also show, that the pressure in the number 4 drum oscillated between near zero to one psi during the test. The pressure was constantly being relieved in this drum through the nuclear grade filter that is incorporated into the lid. The temperature data shows that the maximum internal temperature achieved, in this drum, was 700°C. The final plot lines show that the number 5 drum (Inner dram) vented at 550 seconds, at just trader 11 psi, with an internal temperature of approximately 350°C. Additional analysis of this data show, that the maximum internal temperature for drams 1, 4 and 5 was approximately 700°C, and drams 3 and 5 were approximately 400°C and 480°C respectively. The condition of the drums after the test is shown in photo 19. Shown in photo 20 is the lid that blew off drum 1, which came to rest upside down on top of this drum. Photo 21 shows the buckling that occurred in the lid on drum 2. Photo 22 shows the opened bung hole, in the salvage drum, that had the flame extending from it as describe earlier in this report.

4.2.3 WDPAN3 Events:

Approximately !70 second after igniting the alcohol, number 2 drum vented along its lid seal area. At 178 seconds the number i drum lid buckled. At 259 seconds the number 1 dram started to vent along the lid seal area. At 283 seconds the TRU drum started to vent along the lid seal area. The number 1 drum blew its lid off emitting a fire ball and explosive sound. The alcohol fire went out at approximately 960 seconds, however, debris ejected from the number 1 drum continued to bum. At 1333 seconds the flaming along the lid seal area of the number 2 drum went out. The flame coming from the salvage drum bung hole went out at approximately 1753 seconds. At 2103 seconds the flame from the lid ring area of the TRU drum went out. As in test WDPAN2 the debris ejected from the exploding drum was extinguish with a CO2 fire extinguisher.

4.2.4 WDPAN3 Results:

The plots shown in figures 9&10 are composites of the intemal drum pressures and temperatures. The plots in figure 9 show that number 1 drum initially vented at approximately 130 seconds into the test. The pressure then increased to 12.5 psi and the drum started to vent again at 185 seconds, with a total loss of pressure occurring at approximately 250 seconds. The plots in figure 10 show that the maximum internal temperature of drum 1 during this period was approximately 450°C. The data also shows that drum 2 vented at 175 seconds with an internal temperature of just over 300°C, The salvage drum vented at 150 seconds at an internal temperature of approximately 150°(2. The plots for the TRU drum show the pressure slowly increasing to approximately 2.75 psi then dropping down to below 2 psi at 260 seconds. The pressure continued to decline in this drum over the duration of the test and reached near 0 by the time u. the alcohol fire went out. The drum 5 (inner drum) vented at 390 seconds at an internal temperature of just over 220°(2. Additional analysis of this data show that the maximum internal temperatures for the drums were between 400 and 600°C.

The condition of the drums after the test is shown in photo 23. Photo 24 shows the lid that blew off drum number 1, The remains of the liner and materials inside the TRU drum (drum 4) are shown in photo 25.

6 4.3 WDPAN4&5:

Twoidentical tests were conducted for this test series, WDPAN4 and WDPAN5. The setup for these tests is shown in figure 11 and photo 26. This set up is similaxto WDPAN2&3 except the TRU drum was . eliminated,and each drum was lined with a 10rail polyethylene (PE bag) liner as shown in photo 27. The PE liner was a standard drum liner used for 55 gallon metal waste drums, and was folded over at the top as shown in photo 28. The numbering sequence for the salvage and inner drum was changed from 3/5 to 3/4, number 3 being the salvage drum and number 4 being the inner drum. The drums were positioned in a triangular configuration. Each drumwas packed as describeearlier in this report.

4.3.1 WDPAN4 Events:

Approximately226 seconds into the test number1 drum lid buckled. It was not possible to determineif this drum was venting at this point because it was masked by the flames from the alcohol fire. At 953 seconds flames could be seen coming from the number1 drum lid seal area. At 1013 seconds the fire from the alcohol went out. At 1553 seconds the fire coming from number 1 drum lid seal area went out. Although both number 1and 2 drum lids buckled,neither drum lid blew during this test.

4.3.2 WDPAN4 Results:

The plots shown in figures 12and 13 are composite plots of the internal drum pressures and temperatures. , These graphs show that drum 1initially ventedat 220 seconds with continuous venting occurring at approximately 240 seconds. Drum 2 initially vented at 150seconds with continuous venting occurringat 225 seconds. The maximum internal drum pressures reached before continuous venting were 13.3 psi and - 14.2psi respectively. The intemal temperatures for the number1 & 2 drums at this time were approximately 100°C and 300°C respectively. The salvage drum vented at 150seconds with an internal . temperature of approximately 190°C and a maximum pressure of 7 psi. The inner drum vented at 560 seconds afterreachinga maximumpressureof 15.5psi with an internaltemperatureof just over 500°C. Photo 21 shows the conditionof the drumafterthe test.

The condition of the drums after the test is shown in photo 29.

7 4.3.3 WDPAN5 Events:

Approximately 203 seconds afterthe s,.artof the test ate number 2 drum blew itslid expelling some of its internal contents into the pan. Since this drum was masked by the number 1drum, it was not possible to determine if it was venting or burning along its lid seal area. At 232 seconds the number 1drum started to vent along its lid ring area. Buckling was noticed at 245 seconds and the escaping gas coming from the lid ring area ignited. At 785 seconds the fire from the alcohol diminished but the flames from the venting drum and debris were still burning. The flame coming from the salvage drum bung hole slowly went out at approximately1896seconds. The fire from the remaining burningdebris in the number 2 drum was finally put out using a CO2 extinguisher.

4.3.4 WDPAN5 Results:

The plots shown in figures 14and 15 are a composite of the internal drum temperatures and pressures. These graphsshow that number 1 drum vented at approximate!y240 secondsinto the test. The temperature probe failed when the number 2 drum blew. However, the maximumtemperatme reached,just before the drum blew, was over 300°C The pressure data shows that the number 2 drum vented at 200 seconds. Its internal temperature,just before it blew, reached just over 400°C. The salvage drum vented at 130 seconds at an internal temperatureof approximately 550°C. The inner drum (number 5 drum) vented at 475 seconds at an internal temperature of just over 400"C.

The condition of the drums after the test is shown in photo 30. The lid from number 2 drum was found next to the pan as shown in photo 31. Photos 32 show the number 2 drum lid after it was placed back into position on top of the drum.

4.4 Flammable Liquid Fires Results:

All drumsfor which the lid completely failed were standard 55 gallon 17C drumswith lids containing a 1" bung hole. A summary of the pressures, temperatures and time to failure is shown in Table 2. None of the drums with solid lids blew. Lids on all the 17C type drums buckled on the sides facing inward to the middle of the pan. This buckling allowed the hot combustible gassesinside to vent and ignite. The data also show that internal pressures in the drums that experienced complete lid failure were between 8-13 psi. Pressure buildup in the Salvage drums, from gases venting from the inner drums,was relieved early in the rests when the 1" plastic bungs partly melted and blew out. Photos 33-35, selected from test WDPAN5, show that the lids on the inner drums also buckled and vented, sometimes swelling against the salvage dnmas causing the lids and bottoms to bulge. The pressure buildup in the TRU drums was relieved through the f'tlter, which prevented the lid from buckling. However, the lid seals failed on both TRU drums tested, allowing combustible gases to escape and ignite.

The thermocouples inside the drums (located at approximately 1/3 the diameter from the side wall and 1' • down from the top) provided a measure of drum internal air temperature. Actual drum side wall temperatures would have been significantly higher. Material near or against the side walls would have , experienced temperatures above 500°C. This temperature is above the auto ignition temperature for these types of materials. However, because of the limited oxygen available within each druna, only a smoldering type of fire could exist. Pyrolyzates (combustible gases), occurring from the pyrolytic decomposition of material due to external heating or smoldering combustion within the drums, escaped and ignited when the lid seals failed.

The mass loss, summarized for these tests in Table 3, indicate that a significant amount of material was release from each drum. Obviously, the greatest weight loss occurred in drums that blew off their lids. The average weight loss of material for a 17C type drum, in which the lid did not blow off, was approximately 1 kilogram. For comparison purposes, this equates to a complete loss of 2 Polyethylene bags, 2 coveralls, 2 dust mas_, 2 pairs of shoe covers, 2 pairs of gloves, 2 caps, and a half box of paper wipes.

The average weight loss for the TRU drum in tests WDPAN 2 and 3 was approximately 1.5 kilograms. Although some of the gases produced in this drum during the test were released through the f'flter, a significant amount of the drum contents were pushed out past the lid seal. It was not possible from these tests to determine how much material vented out past the lid seal. However, the data shows that during these tests, pressures in these TRU drums fluctuated and sometimes dropped sharply. This was probably a resuk of pressure being relieved through failures occurring in the lid seals during these tests.

The average weight loss for the inner drums was approximately 0.2 kilograms. The weight loss of the material in the inner drums was minimized because they were insulated form the fu-e by the salvage drums. Flaming was not observed along the lid seal area of the salvaged drum during these tests. It appears that early on in each test the plastic plugs in the salvage lids melted, allowing gases released from the inner drum to escape through this opened bung hole. 5.0 Discussion:

The configuration of the drums in the con"tainrnentpan used in these tests resulted in a relatively small liquid pool fire. Since the drums were placed on the bottom of the pan, the surface area for the pool fire was significantly reduced. The area in the pan where significant burning occurred was at the center of the pan between the drums. This area was approximately 18" in diameter. A thin flame developed along the drum walls facing outward, because of the narrow gap formed between the drums and the edge of the pan.

Even though the fire exposure was relatively small, tests results showed that loss of containment occurred ,i in all of the 55 gallon metal drums.

External heating from the test fire caused the waste within the drums to melt and/or decompose. As a result, pressure developed within the drums. Drums containing filters developed significantly less pressure, since it was being relieved through the filter. Heating from the fire quickly caused the lid seals to decompose and the lids to warp, releasing combustible gases from the drums. Upon contact with the external fire these combustible gases ignited, resulting in a small deflagration.

Complete lid failure was experienced in drums containing lids with one inch bungs. Essentially, heat and pressure buckled these lids causing them to pull out from under the locking ring. This could be coincidental or perhaps a result of mechanical weaknesses induce into the lid from the one inch bung hole. The resulting ftre ball or explosion that occurs when the lid fails is due to the ignition of combustible gases released from the drum.

As previously stated in this report the fire strength used for these tests was relatively small. In high-bay areas a fire of this size might not activate the sprinklers soon enough to prevent the drum lids or seals from failing. This would result in the release of toxic and/or radioactive contaminate smoke and gases into the environment. In addition, complete lid failure from a drum supporting other drums would cause them to topple, exacerbating the problem.

Larger fires could result in complete failure of other types of lids, or cause the drums to rupture. Even lb drums containing lids with vents might experience complete failure. The resulting det_gration from these types of failure could be significantly greater than the one experienced in this test series.

10 6.0 Conclusions:

• Heat transferthroughthedrumside wall is almost unimpeded.

• Only 17C Drums (4 tested)with lids that have 1"bungholes completelyfailed. All standarddrum(17C) lids buckledon the sidefacing the hottestpointof the fire.

• Aw_mgetime from startof fire untilthe lids (3 lids) blew was less than 5 minutes. In high , bay storage areaslid failurecouldoccurbeforesprinkleractivation.

• Lid seal failurewould allow toxicand/orradioactivematerials/smoke/gasesto be released intothe environment.Completelid failurewould ejectburningmaterialand debris,intensify the fire andcontaminatethe area.

• Multiplestackeddrumscould be toppledwhenlid(s) blow.

• Thisfire exposureis relativitysmall,a more severe exposuremightcausecompletefailure of the lids on other typesof drums.

• Thiswas a limited test seriesthattestedthe response of threedifferenttypesof drumto one specific fire. The responseof these drums to larger fires mightresultin other or more significanttypes failures.

11 Description and Weights of Materials Loaded into Drum Each drum, exceptthe salva[e drum,was loadedwith the followin[ items(totalfuel load-10k[): Number of Description of Item Total Weight Weight/Item

Items I • , grams _ram----._ 25 each 5milpolyethylenebags -3500 -140 25 each Tyvek*coveralls,white withzipperclosureP/N 35-1412L, WhiteKnightHealthCare -3000 -120 25 each 3M Dust andMist respiratorsP/N 8710, 3M OccupationalHealth& EnviromnentalSafety Div. ~ 190 -7.6 50 each Dura-FitShoe Covers,Shoe Converters,Baxtercat. No. 4850 -425 --8.5 50 each 9 oz. CottonGloves, ReversibleJersey,CenturyGlove No. FF8506M-L ~ 1090 --21.8 25 each Cap,Bouffant,Disposable,Non-WovenMaterial,all purposeware,ABANDA style 1000 -90 -3.6 ~ 2 boxes** Soft_tech wipes 90 wipes per box 15"x17" 2 ply P/N 8357 ~ 1500+ -8.33 • DupontRegistew.ATrademark • , The numberof wipes foreach tests was variedto obtainthe desiredweight of 10kg

Table I

of Drum Pressures and Test _ WDPAN1 WDPAN2 WDPAN3 " WDPAN4 WDPAN5 I DrmnNumber #1 #2 #3 #4 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #1 #2 #3 #4 #1 #2 #3 #4 Max Pressure 8.0 10.5 12.8 12A 8.6 11.4 7.0 1.0 11.8 12.5 12.5 5.0 2.5 5.0 14.1 12.7 6.9 14.8 11.8 13.2 14.0 13.2 (psi) MaxT_ure 570 570 520 820 475 740 400 730 710 440 600 !400 590 460 445 725 390 425 360+ 450+ 700 500 (*C) Tm_etoFailure**200 200 200 200 195 180 135 345 540 180" 180 150 270 380 225 210 135 540 240 60 140 470 (sec) 270* 200* Pressureat 8 10.5 12.8 12.4 18.2 11.4 7.0 !0.8 11.8 12.5"12.5 5.0 2.6 5.0 14.1 12.7 6.9 14.8 11.8 3.0 14.0 13.2 Failure** (psi) 8.6* 13.2" iTemp_:,mncat 350 390 270 710 450']450 250 60 450 400* 300 120 30 220 90 220 180 380 360+ 40 570 410 Failure** (*C) [ 450+ ** ,_ailure is delcmdncd to be when thefn_t significantpressuredropin the drumoccurs. * Jltalue whenthe lid was blowncompletelyoff. the dram. + '_:hermocouplfaile ed,estimatedtemperatureis higherthanvaluelisted. Table 2 Drum Loadin: and Loss Test --> WDPAN1 WDPAN2 WDPAN3 WDPAN4 WDPAN5 Dnm_Nmbef #1 #2 #3 #4 #1 #2 #3* #4 #5** #1 #2 #3* #4 [#5** 01 #2 #3* #4** #1 #2 #3* #4""

(kg)DmmWeight 27.0 26.9 27.0 27.0 26.9 27.0 35.0 38.6 27.0 27.0 27.0 34.9 38.7 26.9 27.0 27.0 35.0 27.0 27.0 27.1 34.8 26.9 (kiL°adW_) eight 10.0 10.0 i10.0 10.1 10.0 10.1 N/A 10.5 10.4 10.0 10.1 IN/A 10.1 10.1 10.0 I10.0 N/A 10.0 10.0 10.0 N/A 10.0

(kg)Total 37.0 36.9 37.0 37.0 36.9 37.1 N/A 49.0 37.5 37.0 37.1 N/A 48.8 r37.0 37.0 37.0 N/A t37.0 37.0 37.1 N/A 36.9 Post Test 35.8 36.0 36.3 36.2 28.1 36.0 N/A 47.4 37.1 27.9 35.9 N/A 47.3 36.7 35.9 36.4 N/A 36.9 36.2 129.0 N/A 36.7 Weight 0[g) (kg)WeightLoss 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.8 18.8 1.1 N/A 1.6 0.4 9.1 1.2 N/A 1.5 0.3 1.1 0.6 N/A 0.1 0.8 8.1 N/A 0.2 Total Weight .... Loss 3.6 11.9 12.1 1.8 911 • The Salvage drumcontainDrum#5 andit's contents. • , Thisdrumwas weight separatefromthe Salvagedram.

Table 3 E119 Test Configuration

.m 17C 55 gallon Metal Drum - TC P

m /

1_ f u_°r_ /- . t_

Insulated Enclosure PLAN VIEW (all sides, top and bottom)

q "1

...... Burners _ _ _ 1 Pressure Probe and TC 12" down .__ 1'- 6 from top of Drum. 7111 ii / y I Jl I " bes ,. !

I . i i [I

SIDE VIEW Figure 1 Date: 19 Hay 19 Time: 09:42:21 FILENRME CHRNNEL LOCRTZON UNIT OF HERSURE SCRLE

NI)EllSR CH-25 Drum Temp Degrees Celsius 1000 •x NIlENI)EI119ISRA CHCH-86-80 TiDrumme letupPressureCurve De_reepF; s Celsi us 100020 I

I 100

80 , ,,

bJ 80 GZ 1_,_ ' ' 0 70 ...... i

/ 60 "' ¢ _ , i _ _\

b_ 50 ,,, I, / '

40 ,, , 7 oW 30 /t W n 20

. 10,, /,/ . 0 _1 .L ,. 'c )" _. 0 IO0 2 00 300 400 5 O0 600 ? O0 8O0 9 O0 1000 Seconds

Figure 2 Configuration For 6' Pool Fire Tests 1 N

Metal Drums i 4ea 17C 55 gallon

CH CH CH CH 25 93 26 94 + • + •

Camera #1 #2 • CH CH View 22 23 24

Point 4" CH CH + CH CH + j 28 96 27 95 +. +. 6' Diameter Steel Pan #4 #3

Plan View

TCs and Pressure Probes 12" from top of Drums

' .. . 7:/./ 1'-0" ,// #/,/ I I ,!

CH CH CH 22 23 24 . + + + 1'- 0" lsopropanol Fuel layer 3/4" thick

[ i I II , I I Side View TC- Thermocouples • Pr. - Pressure Probes Figure 3 Date: 7 .Tun 19 Time: 10:02:43 FILENRHE CHRNNEL LOCRTION UNIT OF NEASURE SCRLE

NI)PANI CH-25 Drum I TC Degrees Celsius 1000 cNI)PFINI CH-28 Drum 2 TC Degrees Celsius 1000 x NDPRNI CH-27 Drum 3 TC Degrees Celsius 1008 oNZIPANI CH-28 I]rum4 TC Degrees CeIsius 1008

1000 ......

980 ......

800 ,,, _ ,

0 700 _ _,,_ b

Bee _h .....

_ .

E °3Be_ / C¢

100 I.

" 0 _LJ e lee 2ee 3ee 4ee see Bee 700 8ee 900 l eee Seconds

Figure 4 Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 FILENRHE CHANNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MEASURE SCALE NDPRNI CH-93 Drum I TD PSI 28 • NDPRN1 CH-94 Drum 2 TD PSI 28 x NDPRN1 CH-95 Drum B TD PSI 28 O NDPRN1 CH-96 Drum 4 Tn P5[ 28

m 20 ...... -

16 m

Er3 18 / \

6_ 0 t _ ......

im ,, 4

Z i/ _,, /

0 j , "- ,,, " " "_-'_'_ _ ._ ._ "- el 188 288 388 488 588 688 788 888 988 1888 Seconds

Figure 5 Configuration For 6' Pool Fire Tests 2&3 N

Metal Drums 17C 55 gallon

CH CH CH CH I 25 93 26 94 + . +.

" Camera CH #1 #2 CH View 22 23 24

CH CH CI'F:,// CH CH \,_CH 28 96 27(: 29 97 _95 + . + . / 6' Diameter Steel Pan #4 #3/5 Salvage Drum containing inner drum

TRU Drum Plan View

TCs and Pressure Probes 12" from top of Drums

1'- 0" / Inner Drum

, I I iI II ....IN I ' [ J

" 22 24

+ 1 4"1 .I --I, mmIII'm _J • '_+

1,.o,,__ .. i 11 Isopro3p/anol4" thickFuel II! I]II J J 111 I 11 IIlm_:' i IN -am - g -m ,;.-- , , , m

Side View

t PTr.-C- PresTherm_ouplesure Probess Figure 6 Date: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 FILENFIHE CHFINNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MEASURE SCALE NDPRN2 CH-93 Drum 1 TO PSI 28 $NDPRN2 CH-94 Drum 2 TO PSI 28 xNDPRN2 CH-95 Salvage Drum TD PSI 28 • NDPRN2 CH-96 "rRU Drum TD PSI 28 INDPRN2 CH-9? Inner Drum TO PSI 28

18 ......

16 i ,,,,

Figure 7 Date: 14 .fun 19 Time: 11:48:44 FILENRHE CHRNNEL LOCRT'rON UNIT OF NERSIlRE SCRLE

NDPRN2 CH-25 Drum 1 TC Degrees Celsius 1088 _NDPAN2 CH-26 Drum 2 rc uegrees Celsius 1088 xNZ)PRN2 CH-27 SalvaBe Drum TC Degrees Celsius 1088 eNI)PAN2 CH-28 TRU 0rum TC uegrees Celsius 1888 1NDPRN2 CH-29 Inner Drum TC Degrees Celsius 10012)

1888 ....

908 .....

800 ......

°_ 600 ......

_ 500 ....

_- 400 x300 !/ /7 ' coo I . _}'t/ - 100 _ !_ ...... O 100 200 300 400 500 S00 200 800 900 1000 Seconds

Figure 8 Date: 17 .Tun 19 Time: 14:O9:55 F.I:LENRME CHRNNEL LOCRTION UNIT OF NEASURE SCRLE N]3PRN3 CH-93 Drum 1 Trl PSI 21a N]3PRN3 CH-94 Drum 2 T0 PSI 2t2} x H]3PRN3 CH-95 Salvage 0rum TD PSI 212) $ H]3PRN3 CH-96 TRU #rum T9 PSI 28 I NDPRN3 CH-97 Inner Drum TB PSI 212)

20 ......

18 ......

12 ,, "--_ J .,

7t ...... CO 18 ...... EL

8 I,,, I ....

i ,,

.i i i

=_ ,<---X._:: .-X_:.. v , - e lee zoo see 4co 5co see 7co coo 9oe 1coo Seconds

Figure 9 Bate: 17 Jun 19 Time: 14:89:55 FILENRME CHANNEL LOCRTZON UNIT OF NERSURE SCRLE

, NDPRN3 CH-25 Drum I TC Degrees Celsius 1888 ,NDPRN3 CH-26 Drum 2 TC _uegrees Celsius 18812) xHDPRN3 CH-2? Salvage ]]rum TC I)egrees Celsius 18812) • HDPRN3 CH-28 TRU Drum TC Degrees Celsius 1808 IHDPRN3 CH-28 Inner Drum TC Degrees Celsius 1888

1880

988 ......

800 , ,,

(-) 700 , , , C

"I""

600 ...... , ,, i

588 _ ,,, .+_ ,,,-,r _ " L 400 ,_ m"--m"'4

, _.,.__" "'---- 100

0 O 100 2 88 380 4 08 582)8 682)8 ? 82)8 8 88 9 00 1808 Seconds

Figure 10 Configuration For 6' Pool Fire Tests 4&5

N 17C 55 Gallon

Metal Drums

CH CH CH CH 25 93 26 94 " "t" •

Camera CH #1 #2 CH " View 22 23 24 Pom_ + 4" +

27_Y 28 96 "95 • 6' Diameter Steel Pan iJ

#3/4

Salvage Dram TC and Pressure Probes containing inner drum 12" down from top of Drums Plan View

CH-25 centerpanTC

CH CH 22 24 " + + 1'-0" Isopropanol Fuel ]L._ 314" thick

Side View 4" TC- Thermocouples • Pr.- Pressure Probes Figure 11 Date: 22 Jun 19 Time: 14:41:57 FILENRME CHRNNEL LOCRTION UNIT OF MERSURE SCRLE NDPRN4 CH-93 Bruin 1 TO PSI 28 sNDPRN4 CH-94 Orum 2 TO PSI 28 xN#PRN4 CH-95 Sa|vaBe Orum TO PSI 28 $ NDPRN4 CH-96 Inner Bruin PSI 28

0 ......

18 ,. , ,, , ,, ,

IG __ , , ,,,,,, ,, ., _ , , 14_ I I I 12 /f, ......

a_ 1 0 I/ ......

8 i', \ J ......

L ,,, ,

e _00 20e 30e 4Be see see Tee 80o 9e_ _eee Seconds

Figure 12 Date: 22 Jun 19 Time: 14:41:57 FILl'NAME CHRNNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MEASURE SCRLE

IdDPRN4 CH-25 Drum I TC D_grees Celsius 1008 • NDPRN4 CH-2E; Drum 2 TC _uegrees Celsius 1000 xNDPRN4 CH-27 Salvage Drum TC Degrees Celsius 1000 eNI)PRN4 CH-28 Inner Iirum Degrees Celsius 1000

1000

-b

900 ......

800 ......

0 700 ...... C

600 ...... 0 L :3 500 ---

F-

200 ......

., _ w _ ,,, 0 _00 200 300 400 500 s00 70_ B00 90e _000 Seconds

Figure 13 Date: 25 Jun 19 Time: 12:83:O4 FILENRHE CHFINNEL LOCRTZON UNIT OF MEASURE SCRLE NDPRN5 CH-93 Drum 1 T0 PSI 20 NDPRN5 CH-94 ])rum 2 Tn PSI 28 •xNI)HDPRNPRN55 CH-9H-956 S:Inneralvageurumnrum TD P5PSII 28

16 ,,

14 , Q

fJ3 10 8 /

0# l .... ,., ., .... _z ,., 4, ,., . 0 100 200 300 400 5 00 600 ? 00 8 00 9 00 1000 Seconds

Figure 14 Date: 25 .Tun 19 Time: 12:03:84 FILENRME CHRNNEL LOCRTION UNIT OF MERSURE SCRLE

NDPRN5 CH-25 Drum I TC Degrees Celsius 1808 t H]]PRN5 CH-26 Drum 2 TC _uegreesCe Isius 1008 xNI]PRN5 CH-27 Salvage Drum TC _DegreesCelsius 1000 • NI]PRN5 CH-28 Inner Drum uegrees Ce lsius 1008

1000

988. '

800 .....

0 700

600

D 500 , ,

L 400 W

300

200

100 /j / ,, ,

0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 8 00 9 00 1000 Seconds

Figure 15 Photo 1: Overall view of WDEll9A test set up, with the furnace in place.

Photo 2: View of test drum in the furnace for WDE119A test. Photo 3: Location of pressure probe and thermocouple mounted in the drum lid.

Photo 4: Overall view of the post test condition of the drum tested in WDE119A. Photo 5: Close up view of the budge in the lid from the drum tested in WDE119A.

Photo 6: Overall view of set up used for Flammable Liquid Fire test WDPAN1. Photo 7: View of a drum with the standard loading used in test WDPAN1-5.

Photo 8: Overall view of drums showing standard loading and placement. , _i_ _,_

Photo 9: Condition of drums exposed to the alcohol fire from WDPAN1.

Photo 10: Condition of WDPAN1 drum 1 contents after the test fire. Photo 11: Condition of WDPAN1 drum 2 contents after the test fire.

Photo 12: Condition of WDPAN1 drum 3 contents after the test fire. Photo 13: Condition of WDPAN1 drum 4 contents after the test fire.

Photo 14: Charred remains of a lid seal from a drum tested in WDPAN 1. Photo 15: Overview of test set up for WDPAN2&3.

Photo 16: View of an inner drum, with standard loading, sealed inside a salvage drum. Photo 17: Standard loading of a TRU drum.

Photo 18: TRU drum with top of PE liner in place. Photo 19: Post test condition of the drums tested in WDPAN2.

Photo 20: Post test condition and location of lid that blew off of drum 1 in test WDPAN2. Photo 21: Post test condition of drum 2 tested in WDPAN2.

Photo 22: Opened bung hole after plastic plug melted and blew out during test WDPAN2. Photo 23: Post test condition of the drums used in WDPAN3.

Photo 24: Post test condition of lid that blew off of drum 1 in test WDPAi Photo 25: Post test condition of _VDPAN3 TRU (drum 4) cont¢

.m DE

Photo 26: Overview of test set up for WDPAN4_ c

° 14': , - '.-.,'] " ,.D''.- 71%'"

Photo 27: Standard loaded drum with PE drum liner

Photo 28: Typical folding in of drum liner before Photo 29: Post test condition o

Photo 30: Post test condition o Photo 31: Location and condition of the lid that blew off of dr,

Photo 32: Lid from drum 2, of test WDPAN5, after it was place | Photo 33: Bulge in the top of the salvage drum tested WDI

Photo 34; Bulge in the top of the inner drum tested WDP_ Photo 35: Bulge in the bottom of the salvage drum tested WDPAN5. ATTACHMENT 1 Oat.e: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 FILENRHE CHANNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MEASURE SCALE

HZ)PFINI CH-25 Drum 1 TC Degrees Celsius 1008 • NDPRN1 CH-26 Drum 2 TC _Degrees Celsius 1008 xHDPRN1 CH-27 Drum 3 TC Degrees Celsius 1OO8 eH]3PRNI CH-28 Drum 4 TE uegrees Celsius 1OO8

1000 ......

980 ......

880 , t , , ,

680

see _ , ,, ,,

L 412)0 o E 11) 300

2co _

100 !

0 200 400 6012) 800 1080 1200 1400 16012) 1812)02000 Seconds Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 FILENRHE CHANNEL LOCATION UNIT OF HEASURE SCALE NI3PRNI CH-93 Drum I TI] PSI 28 ,NDPRNI CH-94 Drum 2 Tn PSI 28 xNDPRNI CH-95 Drum 3 Tn PSI 28 oNDPRN1 CH-96 I]rum 4 Tn PSI 28

8 ,,,,_ i , , -

4 " -- r

.i< 12 ,l_ ...... _....

H 03 10 ...... l

8 ,b ...... _ _ //tl ......

_ .. _ ......

2ee 4ee see 80o 10eo 12ee 14ee 1see leee 2eee Seconds Date: ? .Tun IB Timm: 10:02:43 FILENRFIE CHFINNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MERSURE SCRLE NDPANI CH-25 Drum I TC I)eqreesCelsius 1008 NI)PRN1 CH-93 Drum 1 TD PSI[ 212)

O 180 ...... '

80 ...... ,, i , , q i i i ,, H i i

W 88 ...... _J ClZ (_3 70 ...... O3 -J so _

..... J'_ ......

° 48 ...... /

I,I 88

J t, "

0_ 20 i i roll • i itl i i

10 .... . ,

e 2co 4co see 8co xeee 1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds Date: 7 Jun 18 Time: 10:82:43 FILENRME CHANNEL LOCATION UNIT OF MEASURE SCALE NI}PAN 1 CH-26 Drum 2 TC Dearees CeIslus ! B08 • N]DPAN! CH-94 Drum 2 TII PSI 28

100 ......

80 ......

W 88 ...... _.J CE 0 70 O3

-J Be ...... u_ so. _ _ ....

0 40 .... Z w 30 J

I,I n_ 20 _ / .... , _ -......

, i , i

0 200 400 600 800 1000 .1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:O2:43 FILENRME CHRNNEL LOCRTZON UNIT OF MERSURE SCRLE NDPRN1 CH-27 Drum 3 TC I)eqrees Celsius 1008 NI)PRN! CH-95 ])rum3 Trl PSI 28

100 w

b.J 88 ...... _J (IS (,_) 7e ......

-J se /1 .....

oEL" 4050_ , /I f.._''N_ \ ...... , ,

zLd 38 I ' t , ....

n 20_

18 _, ,, , -• __ / \ ""---- 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 IS00 18002000 Seconds Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 F'ILENRME CHRNNEL LOCATION UNIT OF HERSURE SCALE N])PRNI CH-28 Drum 4 TC I)eareesCelsius 1OOO H]]PRNI CH-gG Drum 4 Tll PS_ 28

108 ......

90 ......

W eo , , _ ,,,

_03...j 60 t /I , 1 ...... , I .....

° 40 i _,

W 30 , Zh- ! ' _ .... I,i 13_ 20 ....

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1S00 1800 2000 Seconds NDPRN t Date: 7 J un 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-20 Rmbient Air De 8rees Celsius 50

I 50

a 45

• p,.., 30 ID U 25

ID 11) 20 L

_ 15

Q 5

o 0 0 200 400 B00 B00 1000 1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds

No. o£ channels=27 NI]PRN t Date: 7 Jun 18 Time: 18:82:43 CH-21 Test Cell Ilegrees Celsius 288

......

188 ......

1$8 . .J _ _, .

148 ...... _ _

°f,,_ 128 . , .. . ID U 188 / -

°OJ 80 t' ......

...... y,_ ....

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...... 8 288 408 680 880 1088 1208 1488 IS88 18002000 Second s

No. o; channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:132:43 CH-22 Pan TC I DeBrees Celsius 113138

1000

900 _

800

700

,li=m _0 600 03 rj 500 ,,,

O3 400 I

i . 11,, 100 - 0 J 0 200 400 600 800 1080.1200 1400 1600 18002000

Second s

No. o¢ channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-23 Pan TC 2 I3egrees Celsius 1888

1888

900 , , ,, , ,,i

800

(a ?00 , ,i. ,, _1_

tO 688 &3 U 500 ,

(l)4OO ,, L O] o) 300

eee

100 _,_

j ..,_ _ _ _,.._.__ • 0_, 0 208 408 688 888 1888 1288 1400 1600 1888 2888

Second s

No. of channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:02:43 CH-24 Pan TC 3 DeBrees Celsius 1808

1888 a

900

800 ...... L 700 tJ,L

"r" _0 800

-u° 500 III1 tl °o 400 I L, , l l"l

100 ,,,

" 0 __ 0 200 408 800 800 1080 1200 1400 1800 18002000 Second s

No. of channels=Z7 NDPRN t Date: ? Eun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-25 Drum I TC l]eBreas Celsius 1008

w 1008

900 I

800

700 "

600_ j U 500 /_ i

400 / L \ " '

o 3B0

200 ,, _ i i

100 _'_-_._..___ •

0 200 400 600 800 1080 t200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Seconds

No. of channels=Z7 NDPRN 1 Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-26 Drum 2 TC Degrees Celsius 18000008

1888

888 , .

812)0 , ,,

788

• @..,,,. t/)608 -u see ...... _ .... 2 Ill (D 488 / L 03 (D 300

200 ,, f

' 100 ...... _ _"'--_ J

,, ,, , , O 2 (2)8 488 IS812) 8 8(2) 18812) 1212)8 14 (2)8 I IS12)8 18 812)2888

Second s

No. o_'channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun IS Time: 10:02:43 CH-27 Drum 3 TC DeBrees Celsius 100121

1000

980 ...... , , , ,

800 ..... ,,

700 .....

• i1,=,=

_0 600 , , _...... a3 U 500 __---- _ ,,,

03L_(D 430800 / \

100 i ' ' ' D

0 0 200 400 600 800 1080 1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds

No. o£ channels=27

NDPRN 1 Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-28 Inner Drum TC Desrees Celslus 1008

18012 ......

800 ......

700 i ill i ii i,

600 ...... ,t 03 U 500 ...... V) 03

03 400 i L C_ 11)380 i i i i

200 ..,__

e 100 I",-.f"

i ,,,, 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1_00 1800 1800 2000 Seconds

No, of channels=27 NDPRN t Date: ? Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-80 02 ERST END 7, 02 25

5 i i ,,,, , i i

0,.I 0i2.5 ......

10 i , , , i , , ,,,

?,5 i

5 ,, i iii i , i, ,i

41,

I 5 i , ,, ,,

,,,,,, 0 200 400 S00 800 lOSe .12oo 1400 1600 1800 2000

SeCOnC_ S

No. of channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-81 C02 ERST END _ C02 12

12......

1018 ......

@ 6 ...... , ,, .J

• 2 ,,,,, ,,, , , • ,,,,i,,, ,, , ,, c_J 0 U 6 ..... I

4.8 ..... ,,,

1 6 ., , .,, _ .. ..,, ,, ,,,

• 4 ,,,,,, ,.,r J ,m , ,, , . , ,,,,,,,

,If,

1,2 _ ....

0 . m / iii|i ,| i . iii ,,,, _ , ' i q i r ..... _ ...... n. 0 200 4{10 600 800 1080 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Second s

No. o_ channel_=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-82 CO ERST END _. CO 1.5

I i _ _ ...... _L ....._, _._ ,,,_......

1.35 ......

I 2 ii ,i i i i ii i,i i ii

I.05 ......

• 9 i i , , i , , H , ,

0 (__.75......

• 6 ,, i i , , ,

.45 ....

• _ ,,,,, , , , ,,

° . 15 'I

0 200 400 600 800 1080 1200 1400 1800 18002000

Seconds

No. o£ channel_=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 JL:n 19 Time: 10:82:43 CH-83 HC ERST END PPH (=CH4) 25008

2 5000 ...... '..... -

22500 ......

20800 i

17500 .... i u,

050oo , ,, ZE U

112500 ii ill ii

___0800 _ ,...... _ 0_

7500_ i

5000_ ill, __

E500 _ ,,,= __

II I i ii 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 18002000

Seconds

No. o# channels=27 NDPFIN t Data: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-84 02 NEST END _. 02 25

22.5

2e--_ ii /'--' ...... /

15 ,

012.5

10 , i .....| .i i i .,,,,

115 _i

.,,,

2.5

0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 18002000

S_cond s

No. of channals=27 NI]PRN t Date: ? Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-85 C02 NEST END _. C02 12

9,6 i J,, i

• 4 ,i,

• 2 _Ju .i r,,i

rjo 6 Li,

4,8 I

2t,6 _ 1 'll ' £,4 _ ,jj r' r_ , 1.2 ... _,

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

Seconds

No. 04:channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-8G CO NEST END _ CO 1,5

1,5

1.35

• 2 i i i m

I. 05 ......

I U .75 ......

.6 i

,45 ......

.15 ,I

0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

Se c o rl c_s

No. oi:channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 .Tun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-87 HC NEST END PPM (=CH4) 25888

2 5000 "

22500 m

20800 ,

17500 ,

_;.5 800 T U

112500 m

__0800 ,, n

. m.m, 7580 mmm

5000 ,,, i m ,.

2500

._=m.%. 0 200 400 600 800 1080 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Seconds

No. o9 channe!s=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:02:43 CH-B8 02 Duct Node _ 02 25

22.5 ......

20 ..../ "-_ "'-......

17.5 ...._ ,,

15 / ,.

C_1012.5 , _ ./ ,......

15 , , ,,

,,,,, 0 2'00 400 B00 800 1080 1200 I_00 1600 18002000

Second s

No. o_ channels=27 NI]PRN t Date: ? Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-89 C02 Duct Node _ C02 12

12 ......

10.8 l .,,,, • 'll l '"" --

1 6 l.l Im l.l

?,2 ,..ll i,, i i

O U 6

4.8_

3,6_ , \ ......

£.4 ......

I1' 1.2 J

0 _ ..... 0 200 400' G00 800 1080 1200 1400 IG00 18002000

Second s

No. of channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-90 CO Duct Node _ CO 1.5

I • 5 "

1.35 ......

I • 2 , , , , , , ,

I. O5 ......

• S ., , ,, ,,

0 U .75 ......

.q5 ......

.15 ......

_ , ...... 0 200 400 G00 800 1080 1200 1400 1800 1800 2000

Secorld s:

No. o£ channel,_=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Tim_: 10:82:43 CH-91 HC Duct Node PPM (=CH4) 25888

25000 ......

22500 ......

! ' 20800 ......

17500 i in , ,,

50oo ...... "T" "1 U

112500 lie i i ii

_0800 . ,.... _, O_ 7500 , ......

5000 _ ,lll,ll

2500 i

0 _ -- _"_..._ - --_ ii ii ,' |11 ii __ 0 200 400 G00 800 1000 1200 1400 IG00 1800 2000

Seconds

No. of channels=27

! i NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Time: 10:02:43 CH-93 Drum I TD PSI 28

0 i ......

18 _ , , ,,

14,_, _ ......

H f,.l'3 10 _ ...... 0.

8 i |l ,, ,,,,, ,u,

o / i , i,, / /

' / t...... 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 IG00 18002000

Seconc_ s

No. oF channels=27 N]3P RN t D_te: 7 Jun 19 Tlme: 10:02:43 CH-94 Drum 2 TD PSI 28

20 ......

18_ i i

12 i . i ,,if

I--.I 10,, a

0_ B / ......

i ii , .i i

6 i i , ,|

4 fi " i i

$ 2 ... L, / _ i i i, , i . 0 200 400 G00 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds

No. of channels=27 NDPRN t Date: 7 Jun 19 Tim_: 10:02:43 CH-S5 Drum 3 TD PSI 20

0 ......

/ 18 ......

6 i i ;llm ii i ii iiii • iiii i i ml mlmllll m ,i ii, ____ ,,i

4 i i ,,,i iii i i,ii __ i ii

12 A ii i ii i ii

0") 10 ......

6 , \ ,, i i

,i i ,

._ _ / . _ ...... =,,, 0 200 400 G00 800 1000 1200 1400 IG00 1800 2000

Se c o r'Id s

No. of channels=Z7 NDPRN t Dato: 7 Jun 19 Time: 18:82:43 CH-96 Drum 4 TD PSI 28

20 --_ ......

18 i i i,i,,| ,i J i

14 ,fill i,,,,|,i l ii i i , i

12 J

r i i , i

O] 10

0_ e / ......

t i ,. i 6 , • u ,i . . , 4 i i ill 2 /

0. 0 200 400 800 800 1000.1200 1400 1600 18002000 Seconds

No. of channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 .Tun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-20 Rmbtent Atr I:lesrees Celsius 58

4 50-- ...... i ,ll , .. i i

II 45 ......

la 35_ .....

-" 3e-_,_,__,.... j- _,,_.%% --.'/,_,7"' /_,.,v^ "AI_, .-...... "_^ A _, --".IL/v O3 U 25 ...... #) o 20 ..... L D') 0 15 ......

10 ......

0 250 500 750 10B0 1250 1500 1750 2e00 225'0 2'5_0 Seconds

No. o¢ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 .Tun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-21 Te_t Cell Degrees Celsius 200

160 .... I ,_"_ _ ,......

_ 140 .....

Q3 0V) 100120 , ...... _ ..... _ ......

11) 60 ...... _.__

20 ....

Hi, ..... 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 22502500 Seconds

No. o_'channels=27 z 0

0 o Degrees Ce Is i us _ =T -- Tm i_ _ I'_ r_) .I_ _ 03 "_I _ _) (_i I_-I- ______(______r_.. (_ ,. I===_

I! Po I_c.t

_ -t _

_ L.__

t'll_ -In 0,--- 7 • I'_ o_t") ... ___ _ t_

"_ __.

_ .=,_. i._.

° i! NDPRN2 Date: 14 ,.Tun 19 Time: II:48:44 CH-23 Pan TC 2 Desree8 Celsius 1000

100

0 0 25o 500 75o loeo 125o 15oo t75o 20oo 225025oo Seconds

No. o_ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 .Tun 19 Time: II:48:44 CH-24 Pan TC 3 Desrees Celsius 1800

1000 I i

900

800 .... -

780 ....

,p (/) 600 ...... Q3 U 500 t/) t13 (o 400 ...... L D3 I o 308 I

,. q'pr"_l "

1 _"_- 00 ,,nil l i,

0 0 250 500 750 1080 1250.1500 175e 2000 2250 2500 Seconds

No, o_ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 18 Time: 11:48:44 CH-25 Drum I TC DeBrees Celsius 1000

1008 ' ' ' '

900 ...... ,

800 , , , ,

W 700 ,, ,

.l=m (_ 800 ,,

U 500 , f 0 400 .J .....

i i H ,i 0 308 _,.

200 . , _ , 100 ...... _-_..._ _ .

J ,, 0 0 250 500 750 1080 1250 1500 1750 2800 2250 25'00 Seconds

No. o_"channels:27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 .Tun 19 Time: II:48:44 CH-2G Drum 2 TC ]]esree8 Celsius 1000

1000 ......

11,

900 ,

800 , ,,

°lm- _ G00_ __ ._ L ' 03 • U 500 ,,

03 400 _ ...... Ol 300

£00 __

100 ..... - j 0 - 0 250 5ee 75e 1else 1258 1500 1758 2088 2250 2588 Seconds

No. o£ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 ,.Tun 18 Time: 11:48:44 CH-27 Salvase Drum TC Zlesrees Celsius 1888

1888 ......

988 ....

888 ......

V) 708 ......

.i'm V) 688 ...... 03 U 588 ......

G3 03 488 ,,, L

2_o _L//" """'_-..

100 ,,.., /_ i ...... , i i

0 / . 8 258 588 758 1888 1258-1508 1758 2800 2258 2500 Seconds

No. oF channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 .Tun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-28 TRU Drum TC I)esree8 Celsius 112)00

1000 ....

_O0 ......

800 .....

700 ..... 'A ......

°11_

_00 ......

U° 500 / ...... r

400 .....

,J, i i 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 Seconds

No. o_c channels:27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-29 Inner Drum TC I]eBrees Celsius 1888

1000 ....

800 ......

?00

,ip,1 t/)608 ...... Ill U 500 ......

{3)L4088 08 3O / .... , ., ,

2 O0 l _ / ' V P 100 ......

,, ..... 0 250 500 750 1080 1250 1500 1750 2000 22502588 Seconds

No. o_ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-80 02 ERST END _ 02 25

25-

22,5 _ ......

17.5 ,

15 ......

OJ O12.5 ......

10 ,,

II 5 ,,,,

• 0 250 500 750 1080 1250 1500 1750 2800 2250 2500 Seconds

No. o£ channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 18 Time: II:48:44 CH-81 C02 ERST END _ C02 12

12 ' ,,

18.8

7,2 Od 0 U 6 .... ,....

4,8 m|,

3.6 . _,,,. j

£.4 , .

1.2 , _.. 4 x. 8 258 588 758 1888 1258 1588 1758 2888 22582588 Seconds

No. oF channels=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-82 CO EAST END Y. CO 1.5

I .5! ......

1.35 .,

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.15 ......

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No. o£ channels=Z7 NDPRN2 Dato: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-83 HC ERST END PPM (=CH4) 25008

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22500 ...... --

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5000 ......

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No. o£ channel,5=27 NDPRN2 Date: 14 Jun 19 Time: 11:48:44 CH-84 02 NEST END _ 02 25

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17.5 ..... /., ......

15 ...... \ /

O12.5 _ ...... x-,_'_ I ....

10 i i ..... i i Hi Hill , J

I ?.5 ......

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No, o_ channel.s=27 NDPRN2 Date: i4 .Tun 19 Time: II:48:44 CH-85 C02 NEST END _ C02 12

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No. o£ channels=27