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VSAT SYSTEMS Università Degli Studi Di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso Di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering VSAT SYSTEMS Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering VSAT (Very Small Aperture Antenna) genesis Some innovations progressively introduced have allowed an important technological step around 1980 • Use of higher frequencies Þ Smaller antennas Û Same gain • Greater power generation on board Higher EIRP from board • Larger antennas (multibeam) on board • Cost reduction of: – Earth station technology – Satellite capacity Direct to user services Very Small with respect to the very large antennas used until then Higher frequencies: Ku (12-14 GHz) and after many years Ka (20-30 GHz) while before C band (4-6 GHz) was used Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/2 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering System architecture Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/3 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Generalities • VSAT = Very Small Aperture • VPN capability Terminal • Star or mesh network topology • Network of small stations • IP based: easy to extend distributed over the coverage coverage interconnecting area terrestrial tails (e.g. WiFi) • Antenna size in the range • Big Gateway antenna (link 0.6 m - 2.4 m at Ka and Ku budget) band • Different standard per vendor – Small in comparison to (≈ 20), traditional big stations for – VSAT available before IP was trunking services at C band deployed, today most of the • RF power 1-4 W (no licence) standards are compliant with • Modem dimensions VCR like DVB in the forward link and • Low cost provide IP interface • Direct to user access to • IPoS (HNS) • S-DOCSIS (Viasat) satellite • DVB-RCS Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/4 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Applications • A private/shared VSAT Network is suitable both for two way and one way (unicast) IP applications both broadcast and multicast allowing interconnection with WAN and Multi-PC networks without requiring additional hardware. • A VSAT system is well suitable both for Web-Based Intranet access and for Internet access. They are also well suitable to set up Virtual Private Networks (VPN) with Headquarter and offices remotely located. • The Satellite Modem supports different applications on the same platform utilizing the same network both for interactive IP communications and for video and audio multicast streaming (called “triple play”). Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/5 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering VSAT Market (2013) • Enterprise & Broadband Star Data • DAMA Systems Systems – Total Number of Mesh/DAMA Terminals – Total Number of Enterprise VSAT Terminals Ordered 175,880 Ordered 3,590,310 – Total Number of Mesh/DAMA Terminals – Total Number of VSATs Shipped 3,513,125 Shipped 175,447 – Total Number of Sites in Service 1,600,424 – Total Number of Thick & Thin Route – Enterprise Sites in Service 3 Year CAGR Mesh/DAMA Sites in Service 64,182 3.2% – Sites in Service 3 Year CAGR -5.2% – Number of Contracts Listed in the COMSYS – Number of Contracts Listed in the COMSYS Database 25,716 Database 5,258 – Number of VSAT Operators Tracked by • SCPC Systems COMSYS 597 – Number of Sites in Service 34,751 • Consumer Internet Access Star Data – Links in Service 3 Year CAGR -0.5% Systems • VSAT Revenues – Total Consumer Sites in Service 1,652,545 – All Service Revenues $7.18 billion – Total Consumer VSATs Shipped 4,038,565 – TDMA & DAMA Hardware Revenues $1.06 – Consumer Subscribers in Service 3 Year billion CAGR 4.2% Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/6 Source: ComsysSource: Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Market share Source: Comsys www.comsys.co.uk Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/7 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP Satellite Systems Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Utilization of DVB standard for data • DVB, initially developed for video (bandwidth demanding signal) was then fruitfully and successfully exploited for data exchange and in general for Internet access. • DVB IP platforms use DVB-S(2) in the forward link because: – DVB-S(2) largely diffused, well assessed, high performance and low cost hardware; – Robust and well validated software; able to support data delivery and streaming services based on IP over DVB S; – IP over DVB S is optimized for huge quantity of data via satellite; easy integration of DVB equipment for TV with those useful for data. – Reuse of equipment utilized for TV receiving stations (largely diffused) and the same satellites can provide capacity to both. – IPTV natural evolution of other already provided services (no logical step needed as in terrestrial networks, digital TV via satellite older than terrestrial) Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/9 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering One way and RCS systems for IP • DVB IP systems can be classified as: – DVB IP one way – DVB RCS (Return Channel Satellite) • Both typically utilize the DVB-S(2) standard in the forward link while: – One way systems can utilize terrestrial links as return channel (PSTN, ISDN, ADSL or wireless UMTS, LTE). – RCS systems utilize a satellite link also for the return channel • One way systems were largely diffused until 2008/2009 mainly for consumer/home market; • RCS systems, initially addressed to a business market, actually penetrated also consumer and SOHO markets, replacing completely one way systems. Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/10 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering Standard DVB IP • IP data broadcasting in the DVB standards family (and specifically DVB-S) is defined in ETSI EN 301 192 per Data Broadcasting, describing several modes for the data distribution and in particular IP packets delivery. It is tightly coupled with other ETSI/DVBstandards for DVB-S (ETS 300 421 – Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for satellite services) and DVB-SI (ETS 300 468 – DVB Service Information). • In the specification for DVB data broadcasting, several methods are described for the delivery of digital data, as already seen in the «Encapsulation» section. • Concerning IP, the DVB standards specifically discuss on the adaptation of previous standard (DSM-CC) for the implementation of a Multi Protocol Encapsulation (MPE) transport mode. Other modes are available (streaming, piping, carousel) but either useful for other kinds of data transmission or require additional adaptation layers to be implemented within the modem and the gateway) • MPE specifically describes the conversion and inclusion of MAC addresses within the DVB structures, which is necessary to allow the traffic to continue on terrestrial networks after the satellite segment. • The MPE specifications allows to define multicast and broadcast services. • Enhanced encapsulation methods exist, and in particular ULE has been standardized by IETF (but not by DVB, so interoperability may not be guaranteed) in IETF RFC 4326, and it can be used as alternative to MPE. Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/11 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP one way platform architecture Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP – Platform for Multiple Applications • Utilizing IP protocols over DVB for multicast services and applications, the satellite resource can be utilized very efficiently becasue the same information can be simultaneously transmitted to several users over the same space channel (broadcast nature of the satellite signal). • The typical supported applications can be the following: – Multicast Applications • Web Cashing vs ISP PoP • Business TV • DVD Video Distribution • News Distribution • Distance learning • Teleconference • Telemedicine Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/13 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP One way Network elements 1. DVB IP Platform 2. Content providers 3. Contribution network 4. Internet access 5. PSTN/ISDN access (optional) 6. Space segment 7. Distribution network (user terminals) 8. Customer Care Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/14 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP One Way platform components 1. Satellite Uplink with transmission equipment to transmit in Ku or Ka band 38-45 Mbit/s to the satellite; 2. DVBS/S2 Modem including FEC RS/Convolutional or TurboCoding or BCH/LDPC; 3. DVB Mux (Remultiplexer) and Conditional Access; 4. IP Gateway with MPE capabilities (MPEG2 Protocol Encapsulator); 5. Proxy Server to access the Internet ; 6. Streaming and Push Servers; 7. Access to Internet Backbone; 8. Access to PSTN/ISDN/ADSL for contributions and terrestrial return channel management. Internet via Satellite (AA2017/18) P12/15 Università degli studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Internet Engineering DVB IP platform block diagram IP Gateway DVB Modem Network E Video DVB Mux Management N & Antenna C Station Subsystem O Data Conditional
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