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El Destacado ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 V CONGRESO ADESyD “Compartiendo (visiones de) Seguridad” Coeditores: Dra. María Angustias Caracuel Raya Dr. José Díaz Toribio Dra. Elvira Sánchez Mateos Dr. Alfredo Crespo Alcázar Dra. María Teresa Sánchez González Madrid, 27 de noviembre de 2018 1 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 ASOCIACIÓN DE DIPLOMADOS ESPAÑOLES EN SEGURIDAD Y DEFENSA (ADESyD) http://www.adesyd.es Coeditores: Dra. María Angustias Caracuel Raya Dr. José Díaz Toribio Dra. Elvira Sánchez Mateos Dr. Alfredo Crespo Alcázar Dra. María Teresa Sánchez González Federación de Gremios de Editores de España ISBN – 978-84-09-11703-1 Publicación en PDF ©ADESyD, 2019 Se autoriza la reproducción, agradeciendo la cita de la fuente Redes Sociales: @ADESyD2011 @SWIIS2011 Linkedin y Facebook Fecha de edición: 4 de junio de 2019 La responsabilidad de las opiniones, comentarios, análisis y afirmaciones contenidas en esta obra pertenece exclusivamente a los autores que firman cada uno de los trabajos. ADESyD no los asume como propios. 2 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 3 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD Esta obra, editada online y de acceso libre a través de la página web www.adesyd.es, ofrece una colección coherente de trabajos elaborados de acuerdo a los conceptos más actuales de cuantos están vigentes en los estudios sobre seguridad y defensa. Pone al lector en contacto con un contexto complejo del que se podrá conocer lo más relevante y debatido en las áreas de seguridad nacional, seguridad internacional, seguridad pública y seguridad privada. A través de algo más de trescientas páginas se construye una perspectiva completa de las preocupaciones e intereses para la seguridad de España. Todo su contenido está inspirado por el principio de que “compartiendo visiones de seguridad” se cimientan propuestas y proyectos de futuro. Junto a su utilidad para especialistas e interesados en cuestiones de seguridad y defensa, este libro es, además, un instrumento ideal para comprender muchos de los procesos y acontecimientos que se desarrollan ante nosotros a nivel nacional e internacional. “Compartiendo (visiones de) Seguridad” compendia las ponencias escritas presentadas el 27 de noviembre de 2018 en Madrid durante el “V Congreso ADESyD de Seguridad”. En esta edición se ha trabajado para darles cohesión y significado en forma de conclusiones rigurosas y amenas. COMITÉ ORGANIZADOR DEL “V CONGRESO ADESyD” 4 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 ÍNDICE PRESENTACIÓN Presentación V Congreso ADESyD Dra. María Angustias Caracuel Raya 8 V Congreso ADESyD y la nueva cultura de Seguridad Nacional Dr. José Díaz Toribio 12 INAUGURACIÓN Conferencia de Inauguración Dña. Ana Botella Gómez. Secretaria de Estado de Seguridad 16 PANEL I: SEGURIDAD NACIONAL, coordinado por Dra. Hana Jalloul Muro Síntesis de contenidos del panel 27 Estrategia y Doctrina Aeroespacial: Bases para la vigilancia y control del espacio TG. EA. D. Miguel Ángel Martín Pérez 30 Espacios naturales protegidos y Fuerzas Armadas Dña. Lourdes Albacete Carreño 40 Ciberdefensa en el contexto de la Seguridad Nacional D. Óscar Pastor Acosta 52 El factor nuclear y la Seguridad Nacional de España D. Carlos Llorente Aguilera 76 La Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional 2017 y la necesidad de una Estrategia de Seguridad Terrestre G.D. E.T. D. Luis Feliu Bernárdez 90 ¿Afianzando identidades nacionales? La vuelta al servicio militar obligatorio Dr. Luis Velasco Martínez 99 PANEL II: SEGURIDAD INTERNACIONAL, coordinado por Dr. Alfonso Iglesias Síntesis de contenidos del panel 112 Recordando cien años después los catorce puntos de Wilson Dr. Servando de la Torre Fernández del Pozo 115 La política de Defensa de España en relación con Estados Unidos a través de las Directivas de Defensa Nacional GD. EA. D. Juan Antonio Moliner 140 5 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 La nueva política de seguridad de Japón D. Santiago Miñano Medrano 159 Unión Europea, desinformación y realidad D. Carlos Penedo Cobo 165 ¿Guerras híbridas a la rusa? Dr. Guillem Colom Piella 189 PANEL III: SEGURIDAD PÚBLICA, coordinado por Dr. Alfredo Crespo Alcázar Síntesis de contenidos del panel 199 La ética y la Seguridad Nuclear Dña. María Nieves Sánchez Guitián 201 Un enfoque sistémico y conductual para la radicalización violenta: identificando vínculos a través de diferentes contextos Dr. Miguel Peco Yeste 213 Evolución de la Yihad Global: la amenaza presente del terrorismo yihadista contra España y sus ciudadanos D. Jesús Javier Castán Areso 225 PANEL IV: SEGURIDAD PRIVADA, coordinado por Dña. Teresa Heredero Campo Síntesis de contenidos del panel 243 Expectativas del cliente de entidad financiera sobre la seguridad de sus productos y servicios D. Eduard Zamora Peral 248 Los servicios de seguridad en el Reglamento de Seguridad Privada y la importancia de la formación D. José Ignacio Olmos Casado 259 Delitos contra el patrimonio: tipología Dña. Mercedes Arroyo Ramos 268 Seguridad por diseño y neuroseguridad D. José Miguel Ángel Olleros 274 CONFERENCIA DE CLAUSURA Conferencia de Clausura V Congreso ADESyD Dña. Cristina Gallach Figueres. Alta Comisionada para la Agenda 2030 294 NOTA BIOGRÁFICA DE LOS COORDINADORES 300 6 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 PRESENTACIÓN 7 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 PRESENTACIÓN V CONGRESO ADESyD Dra. María Angustias Caracuel Raya Presidenta de ADESyD y Directora de SWIIS La celebración de la V Edición de los Congresos ADESyD requiere agradecer a las instituciones y, sobre todo, a las personas, el apoyo mostrado a nuestras Jornadas durante estos últimos años. En primer lugar, al Consejero Delegado de ISDEFE, D. Francisco Quereda, y a todo su equipo, por la oportunidad que nos brindan de acoger el Congreso ADESyD en su sede y por su amabilidad. En segundo lugar, al equipo de ADESyD y muy especialmente al Dr. José Díaz Toribio, sin cuya labor de coordinación y excelente disposición a afrontar este reto anual nada sería posible. Mi reconocimiento a toda nuestra Junta Directiva - a Alfredo, Elvira, Monserrat, Ana, Lourdes, Marina, Jaime - y a Lara Soria por su profesionalidad, generosidad y altruismo en la defensa de los objetivos de ADESyD. En tercer lugar, a las instituciones que nos apoyan: el Departamento de Seguridad Nacional, el Centro Nacional de Inteligencia, Cuadernos de Seguridad, y a nuestro socio corporativo, DASTAE Abogados, por confiar en nuestra Iniciativa. Y nuestro agradecimiento a todos ustedes por su presencia en este Congreso, pues nos animan año tras año a superarnos. Uds. son los protagonistas de nuestras actuaciones para acercar las políticas a los ciudadanos y reflexionar sobre las distintas áreas del conocimiento en las que nuestros panelistas son especialistas. En definitiva, para formarnos más como ciudadanos comprometidos con la Paz, la Seguridad y nuestra Defensa. Y una bienvenida y agradecimiento muy especial a Dña. Ana Botella, Secretaria de Estado del Ministerio del Interior, por atender nuestra invitación, y también a Dña. Cristina Gallach, Alta Comisionada de la Agenda 2030 y miembro de nuestro Consejo de Honor, por acompañarnos en la Clausura. ¿Por qué es importante este Congreso? Por dos razones fundamentalmente. En primer lugar, porque a través de este encuentro anual vamos conociendo y ampliando el trabajo de nuestros soci@s, reunidos bajo una misma aspiración y compromiso desde que nacimos como Asociación: "Si quieres paz y seguridad, defiéndelas". Todos los ponentes hacen un esfuerzo muy considerable al desplazarse desde muy 8 ADESyD “COMPARTIENDO (VISIONES DE) SEGURIDAD” VOL 5º. Junio 2019 diversos lugares de España, desde Zaragoza, Barcelona, Valencia, Murcia, Sevilla, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Salamanca, Santiago de Compostela…. A todos ellos, nuestro reconocimiento. Y, en segundo lugar, porque representa una oportunidad para reflexionar sobre las cuestiones de seguridad desde una visión integral, transversal, multidisciplinar e inclusiva. Así lo vemos en la temática relacionada con cuatro paneles: seguridad nacional, internacional, pública y privada, y en su composición con un formato muy innovador. A este respecto, debo hacer una apreciación: contamos con miembros de Honor y socios de número, con personas con muy diversos empleos y formación académica, con embajadores y representantes del sector público y privado, con alumnos, los grandes profesionales del futuro… ¡Todo es posible en ADESyD! Novedades: #DóndeEstánEllas y Agenda 2030 Contamos con importantes novedades respecto a ediciones precedentes. Así, hemos alcanzado la paridad de género en las mesas de debate y, por fin, contamos con expertas en cada uno de los paneles en sus distintas materias, y no solo en temas relacionados con la Agenda Mujeres, Paz y Seguridad. Además, contamos por primera vez con dos mujeres de gran valía profesional en la Inauguración y Clausura de esta Jornada. Ojalá llegue el día en que ello no sea un rasgo a destacar de nuestras actividades, pero he de reconocer que estamos haciendo un esfuerzo desde Spanish Women in International Security (SWIIS), creada en el seno de ADESyD, para que así sea, animados por la campaña del Parlamento Europeo "#DóndeEstánEllas"; máxime cuando nos encontramos en los llamados 16 días de campaña naranja de NNUU, que es el periodo comprendido desde el día internacional de la eliminación
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