ARMS FLOWS TO SOUTH EAST ASIA siemon t. wezeman STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. GOVERNING BOARD Ambassador Jan Eliasson, Chair (Sweden) Dr Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesia) Dr Vladimir Baranovsky (Russia) Ambassador Lakhdar Brahimi (Algeria) Espen Barth Eide (Norway) Jean-Marie Guéhenno (France) Dr Radha Kumar (India) Dr Patricia Lewis (Ireland/United Kingdom) Dr Jessica Tuchman Mathews (United States) DIRECTOR Dan Smith (United Kingdom) Signalistgatan 9 SE-169 70 Solna, Sweden Telephone: +46 8 655 97 00 Email:
[email protected] Internet: www.sipri.org ARMS FLOWS TO SOUTH EAST ASIA siemon t. wezeman December 2019 Contents Acknowledgements v Notes vii Executive summary ix 1. Introduction 1 2. The security environment in South East Asia 3 International actors and South East Asian security 4 Drivers of military spending and arms acquisitions in South East Asia 7 Figure 2.1. Map of South East Asia 6 3. Regional military spending, arms acquisitions and the role of suppliers 10 Military spending 10 Arms acquisitions and imports 10 Suppliers 11 Figure 3.1. Imports of major arms in South East Asia, 1999–2018 13 Table 3.1. South East Asia military spending in constant 2017 US dollars, 11 2009–18 Table 3.2. Real term changes in South East Asia military spending, 2009–18 11 Table 3.3.