Tastes of Africa
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Module 1 Guided You Through the Process of Starting a School Garden with Information on Soil Testing, Conducting a Site Analysis and Identifying Potential Crops
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW In this module, students will study the agricultural trends in their region to identify the cultural groups that have settled there throughout history. Agriculture and cuisine are fundamental cultural expressions. This module integrates community life with the environment as students begin to delve into the relationship between people and the land. Students will begin to understand how the culture of their community was formed through the complex way in which each culture satisfied their nutritional needs. ESSENTIAL QUESTION Throughout the history of New York State, how have the state’s cultural communities met their food needs? NEW YORK STATE STANDARDS Social Studies Standards Standard 1: Elementary: History of the United States and New York #1 The study of New York State and United Sates history requires an analysis of the development of American culture, its diversity and multicultural context, and the ways people are unified by many values, practices, and traditions. Standard 1: Elementary: History of the United States and New York #2 Important ideas, social and cultural values, beliefs, and traditions from New York State and United States history illustrate the connections and interactions of people and events across time from a variety of perspectives. Standard 1: Elementary: History of the United States and New York #4 Explore different experiences, beliefs, motives, and traditions of people living in their neighborhoods, communities, and State. Standard 4: Social Studies: Elementary: Economics: #1 The study of economics requires an understanding of major economic concepts and systems, the principles of economic decision making, and the interdependence of economies and economic systems throughout the world. -
THE SOCIOCULTURAL DYNAMICS of FOOD (IN)SECURITY AMONG FARMING HOUSEHOLDS in OYO STATE, NIGERIA by Olamide O
THE SOCIOCULTURAL DYNAMICS OF FOOD (IN)SECURITY AMONG FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA by Olamide O. Bisi-Amosun A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Agricultural Sciences Education and Communication West Lafayette, Indiana August 2019 2 THE PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL STATEMENT OF COMMITTEE APPROVAL Dr. Linda J. Pfeiffer, Chair Department of Agricultural Sciences Education and Communication Dr. Jennifer L. Johnson Department of Anthropology Dr. Mark A. Russell Department of Agricultural Sciences Education and Communication Dr. Mark A. Tucker Department of Agricultural Sciences Education and Communication Approved by: Dr. Mark A. Russell Head of the Graduate Program 3 To Afúnimásìrègún. The One who gives bountifully without gloating Thank you for doing superabundantly more than I could ever imagine, guess, or request in my wildest dreams… [Ephesians 3:20] 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To Dr. Pfeiffer – I appreciate your patience and support over the years. Thank you for making my graduate school experience a great one, I cannot imagine doing this with anyone else. I am grateful for your empathetic yet firm guidance and your commitment to my success. To Dr. Russell – Thank you for this life-changing opportunity and your support throughout my doctoral program. I appreciate all your efforts in making sure I had the necessary tools to succeed as an international student at Purdue. I look forward to hosting you in Lagos, Nigeria soon. To Dr. Johnson – I am grateful for your intellectual simulations that led to critical reflections on my role as a researcher and exposed me to anthropological thoughts on food, development and gender. -
Impact of Food Processing on the Safety Assessment for Proteins Introduced Into Biotechnology-Derived Soybean and Corn Crops ⇑ B.G
Food and Chemical Toxicology 49 (2011) 711–721 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox Review Impact of food processing on the safety assessment for proteins introduced into biotechnology-derived soybean and corn crops ⇑ B.G. Hammond a, , J.M. Jez b a Monsanto Company, Bldg C1N, 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63167, USA b Washington University, Department of Biology, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1137, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA article info abstract Article history: The food safety assessment of new agricultural crop varieties developed through biotechnology includes Received 1 October 2010 evaluation of the proteins introduced to impart desired traits. Safety assessments can include dietary risk Accepted 10 December 2010 assessments similar to those performed for chemicals intentionally, or inadvertently added to foods. For Available online 16 December 2010 chemicals, it is assumed they are not degraded during processing of the crop into food fractions. For intro- duced proteins, the situation can be different. Proteins are highly dependent on physical forces in their Keywords: environment to maintain appropriate three-dimensional structure that supports functional activity. Food Biotech crops crops such as corn and soy are not consumed raw but are extensively processed into various food frac- Introduced proteins tions. During processing, proteins in corn and soy are subjected to harsh environmental conditions that Processing soy and corn Denaturation proteins drastically change the physical forces leading to denaturation and loss of protein function. These condi- Dietary exposure tions include thermal processing, changes in pH, reducing agents, mechanical shearing etc. -
Traditional African Vegetables: Directory of Research and Development Specialists
Neglected leafy green vegetables in Africa. Vol. 1. TraditionalTraditional AfricanAfrican Vegetables:Vegetables: DirectoryDirectory ofof ResearchResearch andand DevelopmentDevelopment SpecialistsSpecialists H. de Koeijer (compiler), J.A. Chweya and A.F. Attere netic t Ge Res lan ou P rc al e n s o I ti n a s t n i r t u e t t e n I IPGRI IPGRI is an institute of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Neglected leafy green vegetables in Africa. Vol. 1. TraditionalTraditional AfricanAfrican Vegetables:Vegetables: DirectoryDirectory ofof ResearchResearch andand DevelopmentDevelopment SpecialistsSpecialists H. de Koeijer (compiler), J.A. Chweya and A.F. Attere t Genetic Re lan so P ur al ce n s o I ti n a s t n i r t u e t t e n I IPGRI ii Traditional African Vegetable Workers Directory The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) is an autonomous international scien- tific organization, supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). IPGRIs mandate is to advance the conservation and use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of present and future generations. IPGRIs headquarters is based in Rome, Italy, with offices in another 14 countries worldwide. It operates through three programmes: (1) the Plant Genetic Resources Programme, (2) the CGIAR Genetic Resources Support Programme, and (3) the Interna- tional Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). The international status of IPGRI is conferred under an Establishment Agreement which, by January 1998, had been signed and ratified by the Governments of Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Côte dIvoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovak Republic, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda and Ukraine. -
The Igbo Traditional Food System Documented in Four States in Southern Nigeria
Chapter 12 The Igbo traditional food system documented in four states in southern Nigeria . ELIZABETH C. OKEKE, PH.D.1 . HENRIETTA N. ENE-OBONG, PH.D.1 . ANTHONIA O. UZUEGBUNAM, PH.D.2 . ALFRED OZIOKO3,4. SIMON I. UMEH5 . NNAEMEKA CHUKWUONE6 Indigenous Peoples’ food systems 251 Study Area Igboland Area States Ohiya/Ohuhu in Abia State Ubulu-Uku/Alumu in Delta State Lagos Nigeria Figure 12.1 Ezinifite/Aku in Anambra State Ede-Oballa/Ukehe IGBO TERRITORY in Enugu State Participating Communities Data from ESRI Global GIS, 2006. Walter Hitschfield Geographic Information Centre, McGill University Library. 1 Department of 3 Home Science, Bioresources Development 5 Nutrition and Dietetics, and Conservation Department of University of Nigeria, Program, UNN, Crop Science, UNN, Nsukka (UNN), Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria 4 6 2 International Centre Centre for Rural Social Science Unit, School for Ethnomedicine and Development and of General Studies, UNN, Drug Discovery, Cooperatives, UNN, Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria Nigeria Photographic section >> XXXVI 252 Indigenous Peoples’ food systems | Igbo “Ndi mba ozo na-azu na-anwu n’aguu.” “People who depend on foreign food eventually die of hunger.” Igbo saying Abstract Introduction Traditional food systems play significant roles in maintaining the well-being and health of Indigenous Peoples. Yet, evidence Overall description of research area abounds showing that the traditional food base and knowledge of Indigenous Peoples are being eroded. This has resulted in the use of fewer species, decreased dietary diversity due wo communities were randomly to household food insecurity and consequently poor health sampled in each of four states: status. A documentation of the traditional food system of the Igbo culture area of Nigeria included food uses, nutritional Ohiya/Ohuhu in Abia State, value and contribution to nutrient intake, and was conducted Ezinifite/Aku in Anambra State, in four randomly selected states in which the Igbo reside. -
Logistics Efficiency Development in Distribution and Damage Control”
Internship report On “Logistics Efficiency Development in Distribution and Damage Control” Prepared For: Ms. Mahtab Faruqui Senior Lecturer BRAC Business School BRAC University. Prepared By: Irfan Rafique ID: 08104001 BRAC Business School BRAC University. Date: 23rd January, 2012. Letter of transmittal January 23rd, 2012 Ms. Mahtab Faruqui Senior Lecturer BRAC Business School BRAC University. Subject: Submission of internship report. Dear Madam, I would like to take the opportunity to thank you for the guidance and support you have provided me during the course of this report. I also want to express deep gratuities to Mr. Rezwan Hamid, Territory manager, Tejgoan territory for his cooperation and supervision. In this report this report I tried my level best to provide authentic information. I also tried to reflect my experience driven learning and findings. I request you to excuse me for any mistake despite my best effort. I also appreciate if you enlighten me with your thoughts and views regarding the report. Also, if you wish to enquire about any aspect of my report, I would gladly answer your questions. Yours Sincerely, Irfan Rafique ID: 08104001 BRAC Business School BRAC University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Prosperous conclusion of any course requires support from various personal and I was fortunate to have support, direction and supervision in every aspect from my teacher, Unilever officials and friends. I would also like to express my cordial thanks and gratitude to my supervisor of internship program Ms. Mahtab Faruqui, senior lecturer for farm encouragement as well as guidance in preparing this report. I acknowledge my gratitude to Mr. Rezwan Hamid for his guidance, cooperation and help. -
Greens, Beans & Groundnuts African American Foodways
Greens, Beans & Groundnuts African American Foodways City of Bowie Museums Belair Mansion 12207 Tulip Grove Drive Bowie MD 20715 301-809-3089Email: [email protected]/museum Greens, Beans & Groundnuts -African American Foodways Belair Mansion City of Bowie Museums Background: From 1619 until 1807 (when the U.S. Constitution banned the further IMPORTATION of slaves), many Africans arrived on the shores of a new and strange country – the American colonies. They did not come to the colonies by their own choice. They were slaves, captured in their native land (Africa) and brought across the ocean to a very different place than what they knew at home. Often, slaves worked as cooks in the homes of their owners. The food they had prepared and eaten in Africa was different from food eaten by most colonists. But, many of the things that Africans were used to eating at home quickly became a part of what American colonists ate in their homes. Many of those foods are what we call “soul food,” and foods are still part of our diverse American culture today. Food From Africa: Most of the slaves who came to Maryland and Virginia came from the West Coast of Africa. Ghana, Gambia, Nigeria, Togo, Mali, Sierra Leone, Benin, Senegal, Guinea, the Ivory Coast are the countries of West Africa. Foods consumed in the Western part of Africa were (and still are) very starchy, like rice and yams. Rice grew well on the western coast of Africa because of frequent rain. Rice actually grows in water. Other important foods were cassava (a root vegetable similar to a potato), plantains (which look like bananas but are not as sweet) and a wide assortment of beans. -
Unilever Pakistan Product Catalogue
UNILEVER PAKISTAN PRODUCT CATALOGUE Brand: Lipton Product: Tea, Green Tea Product Variant Lipton - box 95g Lipton - box 190g Lipton - pouch 475g Lipton – jar 475g Lipton – pouch 950g Lipton – tea bag sachet 25/ box Lipton – tea bag sachet 100/ box Lipton Green Tea (plain/ lemon/ mint/ 25/ box jasmine) * All prices will be communicated via email * All products subject to availability Brand: Brooke Bond Supreme Product: Tea Product Variant Supreme - box 95g Supreme - box 190g Supreme - pouch 475g Supreme - jar 450g Supreme - pouch 950g * All prices will be communicated via email * All products subject to availability Brand: Knorr Product: Sauces, Noodles Product Variant Flavour Noodles 40g Chicken, chatpatta Note: Products Noodles 66g Chicken, chatpatta, containing meat, achari masti, lemon milk or egg twist, pepper derivatives cannot chicken, cream be exported to the onion USA Noodles 264g Chicken, chatpatta Cube 20g Chicken, pulao * All prices will be communicated via email * All products subject to availability Brand: Knorr Product: Sauces, Noodles Note: Products containing meat, milk or egg derivatives cannot be exported to the USA Product Variant Chilli Garlic Sauce 300g Chilli Garlic Sauce 800g Tomato Ketchup 300g Tomato Ketchup 800g Yakhni 4g * All prices will be communicated via email * All products subject to availability Brand: Rafhan Product: Custard, Jelly, Pudding Product Variant Flavour Custard 50g Strawberry, vanilla, banana, mango Custard 120g Strawberry, vanilla Custard 300g Strawberry, vanilla, banana, mango Jelly 80g Strawberry, -
The Gradual Loss of African Indigenous Vegetables in Tropical America: a Review
The Gradual Loss of African Indigenous Vegetables in Tropical America: A Review 1 ,2 INA VANDEBROEK AND ROBERT VOEKS* 1The New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 2900 Southern Boulevard, The Bronx, NY 10458, USA 2Department of Geography & the Environment, California State University—Fullerton, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA 92832, USA *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] Leaf vegetables and other edible greens are a crucial component of traditional diets in sub-Saharan Africa, used popularly in soups, sauces, and stews. In this review, we trace the trajectories of 12 prominent African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) in tropical America, in order to better understand the diffusion of their culinary and ethnobotanical uses by the African diaspora. The 12 AIVs were selected from African reference works and preliminary reports of their presence in the Americas. Given the importance of each of these vegetables in African diets, our working hypothesis was that the culinary traditions associated with these species would be continued in tropical America by Afro-descendant communities. However, a review of the historical and contemporary literature, and consultation with scholars, shows that the culinary uses of most of these vegetables have been gradually lost. Two noteworthy exceptions include okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and callaloo (Amaranthus viridis), although the latter is not the species used in Africa and callaloo has only risen to prominence in Jamaica since the 1960s. Nine of the 12 AIVs found refuge in the African- derived religions Candomblé and Santería, where they remain ritually important. In speculating why these AIVs did not survive in the diets of the New World African diaspora, one has to contemplate the sociocultural, economic, and environmental forces that have shaped—and continue to shape—these foodways and cuisines since the Atlantic slave trade. -
Introduction to HUL
Introduction to HUL Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest Fast Moving Consumer Goods Company, touching the lives of two out of three Indians with over 20 distinct categories in Home & Personal Care Products and Foods & Beverages. The company’s Turnover is Rs. 20, 239 crores (for the 15 month period – January 1, 2008 to March 31, 2009). HUL is a subsidiary of Unilever, one of the world’s leading suppliers of fast moving consumer goods with strong local roots in more than 100 countries across the globe with annual sales of €40.5 billion in 2008. Unilever has about 52% shareholding in HUL. Hindustan Unilever was recently rated among the top four companies globally in the list of “Global Top Companies for Leaders” by a study sponsored by Hewitt Associates, in partnership with Fortune magazine and the RBL Group. The company was ranked number one in the Asia-Pacific region and in India. The mission that inspires HUL's more than 15,000 employees, including over 1,400 managers, is to “add vitality to life". The company meets everyday needs for nutrition, hygiene, and personal care, with brands that help people feel good, look good and get more out of life. It is a mission HUL shares with its parent company, Unilever, which holds about 52 % of the equity. Heritage HUL’s heritage dates back to 1888, when the first Unilever product, Sunlight, was introduced in India. Local manufacturing began in the 1930s with the establishment of subsidiary companies. They merged in 1956 to form Hindustan Lever Limited (The company was renamed Hindustan Unilever Limited on June 25, 2007). -
Okpadah & Ogunmekan. Transculturalism and Culinary
postScriptum: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Literary Studies ISSN: 2456-7507 <postscriptum.co.in> Online – Open Access – Peer Reviewed – UGC Approved* Volume IV Number ii (July 2019) Special Issue on Transnational and Transcultural Spaces Okpadah, Stephen O & Ogunmekan, D. “Transculturalism and Culinary Fiesta ...” pp. 166-175 Transculturalism and Culinary Fiesta in Adeola Osunkojo’s The Life of a Nigerian Couple Stephen Ogheneruro Okpadah & Damilare Ogunmekan Department of the Performing Arts, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria Stephen Ogheneruro Okpadahis a PhD Candidate at the Department of the Performing Arts, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. He holds a B.A (Hons) Degree in Theatre Arts from Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, and a Masters Degree in Performing Arts from University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. He has published numerous articles in local and international journals such as Quint Quarterly in University of the North in Canada, Routledge, Francis Taylor Group, AJPAS: Journal of Pan African Studies, Journal of Media Literacy and Academic Research, University of SS, Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovak Republic among others. His areas of research include Geo Politics, Dramatic Criticism, Performance Aesthetics and Cultural Studies. Damilare Ogunmekan is a graduate of Department of the Performing Arts, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Abstract When the Canadian Professor, public intellectual and philosopher, Herbert Marshall McLuhan, prophesied that “the world is fast becoming a global village”, man did not realise how fast this would be. Multiculturalism, Interculturalism, Transculturalism, Technological advancement and other socio-cultural processes and innovations have made this possible. In Nigeria, the multiplicity of cultures has culminated into an influx of traditional values, and norms. -
An Experience in African Cuisine
AFRICAN FOOD SAFARI I will not provide you with hundreds of recipes I will introduce you to two or AN EXPERINCE IN three common to the regions of Nigeria, AFRICAN CUISINE Sudan, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Chad, Ivory Coast, Cameroon and surrounding Before you obtain your visa, buy and areas of the central part of Africa. pack your sun hat, Danhiki or Neru shirts, safari shorts, sunglasses, I will not spend time in this book on sunscreen, sun dresses and mosquito dishes that reflect Egypt, Morocco, nets, etc., I suggest that to you: Libya and Algeria due to the fact that these parts of North and North East Prepare yourself not only mentally, Africa are familiar with Mediterranean but physically as well, because the and Arabian based foods. most important thing that you have to internalize is that the type of food and For example, should you be in Angola, its preparation is: a little bit, somewhat there is a prevalence of Portuguese different, and most significantly, very, food. very different from what you are In Kenya, Tanzania and Somalia there accustomed to. is a drift into the East Indian Cuisine. South Africa drifts into the English Be prepared for this fact: None of the cuisine and The Congo, Belgium following foods are on the menu during cuisine. our safari: There is no cannelloni, tortellini, tamales, tortillas empanadas, Take your camera with you and let masala, rotis, shrimp fried rice or us go on a Safari. Don’t worry about samosas! Not even feta cheese! the lions, elephants, giraffes, hippos, cheetahs and rhinos.