USAID WATER AND SANITATION PROJECT Quarterly Report October 1, 2020 – December 30, 2020

This publication was produced by the USAID Water and Sanitation project under Contract No. AID-OAA-1-14-00049/720521-18F00001 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government.

USAID WATER AND SANITATION PROJECT Quarterly Report October 1, 2020 – December 31, 2020

Program Title: USAID Water and Sanitation Project Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/’s Office of Infrastructure, Engineering and Energy (OIEE) Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00049/720521-18F00001 Contractor: DAI Global, LLC Date of Publication: 29 January 2021 Revision: --- Author: DAI Global, LLC

Cover photo: Enjoying his improved access to water in

This publication was produced by the Haiti Water and Sanitation project under Contract No. AID-OAA-1-14-00049/720521 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government.

TABLE OF CONTENTS PROJECT OVERVIEW 1 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE QUARTER 1 COMPONENT 1: INCREASING ACCESS TO SUSTAINABLE WATER SERVICES 2 TASK 1.1: WATER INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING SERVICES 2 TASK 1.2: WATER INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION 4 TASK 1.3: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS 5 Organization & strategy 5 Human resource Management 6 Financial Management 6 Technical Operations 6 Commercial Operations 7 COMPONENT 2: INCREASING ACCESS TO SUSTAINABLE SANITATION SERVICES 9 TASK 2.1: SUPPORT TO SANITATION ENTERPRISES 9 Sanitation SMEs 9 Manual emptiers training 10 TASK 2.2: WASTE TREATMENT & FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING SERVICES 10 Morne-À-Cabri Fecal Sludge Management Site 10 The Fonfred Fecal Sludge Management Site 11 TASK 2.3: WASTEWATER TREATMENT & FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT CONSTRUCTION 11 COMPONENT 3: IMPROVING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE IMPLEMENTATION, OPERATIONS, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES 11 TASK 3.1: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO NATIONAL AND SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES 12 Water 12 Sanitation 12 TASK 3.2: KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND LEARNING 13 CROSS-CUTTING TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES 13 ENTERPRISE ACCELERATION FUND 13 Le Levier : Micro-finance for Toilet Construction 13 Henry Christophe Campus in : Water Testing Laboratory 14 Quisqueya University: Testing Plant-Based Fecal Sludge Treatment 14 Grants under Review 14 MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING 14 SUBMISSION OF the revised Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning Plan 14 Ongoing Monitoring 14

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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE 14 GENDER 14 THE PROJECT INDICATORS ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. STATUS OF EACH INDICATOR ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. HOW THE PROJECT WILL MEET ITS F-INDICATOR TARGETS THIS YEAR 15 (HL.8.1-1) IND 1.1: Number of people gaining access to basic drinking water services as a result of USG assistance: FY2021 Target: 25,000 15 (HL.8.1-3) IND 1.2: Number of people receiving improved service quality from an existing basic or safely managed drinking water service as a result of USG assistance: FY2020 Target: 65,000 15 (HL.8.2-2) IND 3.1: Number of people gaining access to a basic sanitation service as a result of USG assistance: FY2020 Target: 1,000 15 (HL.8.2-7) IND 3.2: Number people receiving improved sanitation service quality from an existing "limited" or "basic" service as a result of USG assistance: FY2020 Target: 2,000 15 ANNEX 1: PROJECT RESULTS FRAMEWORK 17 ANNEX 2: PROJECT STAFFING UPDATE 22

Figure 1. Architectural representation of the Charpentière Wellfield Office with a second story...... 3 Figure 2. This exploratory well was the deepest well ever drilled in the Balan wellfield and confirmed that the aquifer is very deep...... 4 • Figure 3. The Charpentière well field with the new solar panel installation in the front and center of the picture...... 5 Figure 4. Monthly revenues for each CTE throughout 2020...... 7 Figure 5. The pit emptiers at the training event...... 10

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Acronyms and abbreviations

AECID Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo/ Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation AEOC A&E Oversight Contractor APS Annual Program Statement BCC Behavior Change Communication BID Banque interaméricaine de développement/Inter-American Development Bank BDS Business Development Services CCTM Cross-Cutting Technical Services Manager CLA Collaboration, Learning and Adapting CMAA Collection, Monitoring, Analysis and Archiving COP Chief of Party CTE Technique d’Exploitation / Urban Water Utility DCOP Deputy Chief of Party DINEPA Direction Nationale de l’Eau Potable et de l’Assainissement / National

DQC DirectorateDesign Quality for Control Water and Sanitation EAF Enterprise Acceleration Fund EMMP Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan EMMR Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Report FA Foundational Activity FSM Fecal Sludge Management GIS Geospatial Information System MEL Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning ONEPA Observatoire National de l'Eau Potable et de l'Assainissement OREPA Office Régional de l’Eau Potable et d’Assainissement / Regional Office for Water and Sanitation PEA Programmatic Environmental Assessment QIP Quick Impact Project SIGA Système Intégré de Gestion des Abonées / Integrated Customer Management System STTA Short Term Technical Assistance TA Technical Assistance TEPAC Water Supply and Sanitation Technician USAID United States Agency for International Development USGCommunal United States Government WASH Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene WSS Water and Sanitation Services WSSM Water and Sanitation Services Manager

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PROJECT OVERVIEW The USAID Water and Sanitation Project is a $41.8-million, 4.5-year activity implemented in collaboration with Haiti’s National Directorate of Potable Water and Sanitation (DINEPA) with the overall goal of improving sanitation and water for all Haitians. The Project is focused on five geographic areas: three areas hard hit by the 2010 cholera outbreak (Cap-Haïtien, Mirebalais, and Canaan) and two areas hard hit in 2016 by Hurricane Mathew (Les Cayes and Jérémie).

The Project’s three primary goals are:

• Helping 250,000 people get to basic or improved access to water • Helping 75,000 people get access to basic or improved sanitation • Laying the foundation for sustainable increases in access to water and sanitation across Haiti

The Project is reaching these goals by focusing on its core values such as self-reliance, resilience, and the private-sector approach.

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE QUARTER During this quarter, most of the local water utilities (known by their French acronym as CTEs) grew significantly. Thanks to the technical assistance and infrastructure support provided by USAID, the CTEs were able to provide more and safer water to more customers and to significantly increase their revenues. With the inclusion of the Ouanaminthe and CTEs as well as the organic growth in the other five CTEs, the Project is providing basic access to water or improved water service to 144,675 people—an increase of nearly 40,000 people since last quarter. Additionally, the seven CTEs have increased their combined revenues by 45% over the last year. Due to these strong successes, there are increased ripple effects in other CTEs. The and Port-de-Paix CTEs, the two CTEs who were already on stable financial footing, have been able to take advantage of the improvements to the customer management software and financial accounting software developed by USAID to improve their management and increase their revenues. Other neighboring CTEs such as the CTEs in , Miragoane, and have copied the management improvements introduced by USAID to increase their impact. Finally, the national water authority (known by its French acronym as DINEPA) have recognized the successes in these CTEs and are working to institutionalize these changes so that all of the CTEs in Haiti eventually adopt the improved systems.

On the sanitation side, the Project continues to make progress on each of its three fronts:

• Strengthening Small and Medium Sized Sanitation Entrepreneurs (SMES): The 20 SMES including 5 FSM entrepreneurs supported by the Project have built or rehabilitated a total of 398 toilets, representing a total sale of 13,322,521 gourdes (equivalent to $180,3001). Of these, roughly 30% are for families who did not previously have basic sanitation. Additionally, the Project has begun working with the manual pit emptiers. The Project helped the manual pit emptiers in Les Cayes to form an association and provided them with training and protective equipment. The Project is working on doing the same for the other four areas.

1 The Haitian Gourde has been highly unstable throughout the life of the Project, ranging from a low of 60 HTG/USD to a high of over 120 HTG/USD. In this report, the Gourde is converted at 70 HTG.USD as a rough average for the quarter.

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• Improving management of the Fecal Sludge Management (FSM) Sites: The Project is working closely with the management team for the main FSM site at Morne-à-Cabri near Port-au-Prince and at Fonfred in Les Cayes to improve the overall function of the sites. For the Morne-à-Cabri site, the Project is working with the site’s management team to improve operations and cost recovery. For the Fonfred site, the Project is helping the site’s management team prepare to reopen the site next quarter. • Promoting Improved Sanitation: The Project continues to support mayor-led sanitation committees in five regions. The main activity this past quarter revolved around public outreach events to celebrate World Toilet Day on November 19th.

COMPONENT 1: INCREASING ACCESS TO SUSTAINABLE WATER SERVICES The project activities under Component I are focused on providing basic or improved water to 250,000 people by building the capacity of the CTEs and their support structures to provide water on a sustainable basis. The Project also funds infrastructure improvements that serve to make the systems more reliable and less expensive to operate.

TASK 1.1: WATER INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING SERVICES The Project is working with the CTEs to develop designs for a wide range of infrastructure interventions, some of which will be built under this Project (Task 1.2). Other infrastructure investments will be developed for future financing, either by DINEPA directly, through credit programs, or by future donors. This will allow the CTEs to continue to grow even beyond the end of the Project activities.

The different infrastructure activities under design are as follows:

Ouanaminthe 1. Solar energy system for the water pumps in Ouanaminthe: During this quarter, the Project put the design of this site out to bid, evaluated the bids, selected the best offer, and submitted a request to USAID for consent to sign the subcontract. Once USAID provides consent, the firm will begin design.

Hinche 2. Hinche CTE office building: At the request of the CTE, the Project is developing the preliminary design for a new office building to allow them to better reach out to their customers and better support the water system. This design should be ready next quarter. Mirebalais 3. Second Water transmission line to and a new reservoir: Due to some problems discovered during the design, the Project hired a firm to survey a few additional areas. This resurvey work should be complete early next quarter and the design finalized. 4. Repairs to Seven Water Kiosks in Mirebalais: To allow the poorer population in Mirebalais to benefit from the greatly improved water service, the Project is rehabilitating the seven kiosks in the Mirebalais water system. The design was completed during this quarter and this work was put out for bid. Construction should start next quarter.

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5. Repairs to Leaks in the Water Distribution System: To reduce non-revenue water losses and increase the amount of water that reaches the population, the Project will repair a dozen of the main leaks in the system. The design for this work is based on the earlier leak repair program. This work should be put out for bid next quarter.

Croix des Bouquets 6. The third phase of the work on the Canaan Water system is to expand the Water Distribution System. Currently, the system only has a single distribution line that parallels the transmission line. The Project completed the design for a second distribution line and a preliminary distribution network to connect the first 200 customers. The construction of this network was put out for bid and will receive the bids early next quarter. 7. Interconnecting and extending the Croix des Bouquets Water System: The downtown area is served by two pumped well systems with their own deep wells. These systems are separated by the national highway. To improve the functioning of the system and increase the number of customers, the Project hired the Haitian engineering firm, GEECA, to develop the detailed design. They will finalize this design next quarter.

Les Cayes 8. Design of the second story on the Charpentière Wellfield office: To accommodate the installation of a water laboratory in the Charpentière wellfield office, the CTE has requested that the Project construct a second floor on the building. V3 is currently completing the design. This should be ready to be put out for bid next quarter. 9. Rehabilitation of the La Savanne Water Reservoir: The Project had put out for bid the design of the rehabilitation Figure 1. Architectural representation of the Charpentière Wellfield of this reservoir. However, none of the Office with a second story. bids received demonstrated the necessary competence. The Project therefore conducted its own investigation into the structure and is preparing to put the rehabilitation work out to the bids next quarter. 10. Repairs to Leaks in the Water Distribution System: To reduce non-revenue water losses and increase the amount of water that reaches the population, the Project will repair a dozen of the main leaks in the system. The design for this work is based on the earlier leak repair program. This work should be put out for bid next quarter.

Jérémie 11. Exploration Water Wells in Jérémie: Currently the Jérémie water system is fed by a series of springs in the hills above town. However, the flow from these springs has dropped significantly since Hurricane Mathew hit the region. At the request of the CTE, the Project is developing the design for several exploratory wells to determine if it would be feasible to supplement the water production.

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TASK 1.2: WATER INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION During this quarter, the Project had four active construction activities:

1. Repairs to the pumphouse and reservoir in Canaan: The work began in early October and should be completed around the end of the second quarter of the year. 2. Rehabilitation of the Transmission Line: Due to the extensive problems with the transmission line, the Project will excavate, inspect, and test the entire line, repairing and replacing sections as required. It will also add pressure valves and drains along the line. The Contractor finalized the topographic survey and technical studies are still underway and should be submitted for approval beginning of the second quarter. 3. Drilling an exploratory well in the Balan wellfield in Cap Haïtien: The contactor completed drilling the well to 200 m and tested the water. This work confirmed that the aquifer extends down to this depth and that the water is potable and plentiful. The Inter-American Development Bank will use the results of this exploratory well to design new production wells for Cap Haïtien.

Figure 2. This exploratory well was the deepest well ever drilled in the Balan wellfield and confirmed that the aquifer is very deep.

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4. Construction of a Solar Power System for two of the Water Wells in the Charpentier Wellfield in Les Cayes: The contract reached substantial completion on this activity at the end of October. There is still some minor remaining work including installing a chlorinator and a transformer. The contractor has been slow to complete these tasks.

Figure 3. The Charpentière well field with the new solar panel installation in the front and center of the picture.

TASK 1.3: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR WATER SERVICE PROVIDERS The Project continued to support the CTEs by working through the five dimensions provided in World Bank in their publication, Water Utility Turnaround Framework: A Guide for Improving Performance (2018):

• Organization and strategy, • Human resource Management, • Financial Management, • Technical Operations, and • Commercial Operations.

Samuel Mondestin, the DCOP, remained based in Cap Haïtien, working directly with the Cap-Haïtien and Ouanaminthe. Marc Germain who had been based in Hinche resigned from the Project. George Acolor, the Utility Specialist, remained in Les Cayes and worked closely with the Les Cayes and Jérémie CTEs. However, next quarter he will move to Hinche to support Mirebalais and Hinche CTEs. Additionally, the Project kept its liaison agents based in the Cap-Haïtien, Mirebalais, Les Cayes, and Jérémie CTEs and recruited an additional liaison agent for the Croix-des-Bouquets CTE.

ORGANIZATION & STRATEGY The Project helped the CTEs to draft their own performance agreements to clearly outline their goals for the year and to better measure their success. Those performance agreements establish a process to follow up on performance and development plans and support a management by objectives with clear

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milestones, outcome results, and budget. Reaching the point where the CTEs manage their operations against a budget is a key milestone in helping the CTEs to operate as businesses. As the CTEs better understand their costs and revenues, they will be able to make better decisions about how to increase revenues and reduce costs and thereby provide more water to their customers on a sustainable basis.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT During this quarter, the Project worked with DINEPA and the OREPAs to finalize the performance evaluation system for the CTE staff. This included ensuring that the system harmonized with exiting DINEPA systems and policies. The Project also provided training on human resources to the staff in the CTEs of Ouanaminthe, Hinche, and Croix-des-Bouquets.

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT As the CTEs have increased their revenues, it has become increasingly important that they properly account for their resources. Most of the CTEs used informal accounting or Excel spreadsheets to track their revenue and expenditures and their staff had only basic accounting knowledge. Two of the Project CTEs had previously used QuickBooks: Ouanaminthe and Les Cayes, but the software was no longer working. Additionally, the CTEs in Port-de-Paix and Jacmel also had non-working versions of QuickBooks. The Project worked with all four of these CTEs to understand the problems encountered with QuickBooks and to help all four CTEs restart their use of QuickBooks. During the next quarter, the Project will help the remaining CTEs in the Project to begin using QuickBooks.

In addition, the Project is working to integrate QuickBooks with the CTE’s customer management system (known as SIGA). The CTEs use SIGA to manage their customers’ accounts, generate invoices, and records payments. By integrating SIGA into QuickBooks, data only need to be entered one time into SIGA. This decreases the risk of data mishandling and it gives to DINEPA accurate date on CTEs revenues. It will definitely bring more transparency.

The Jacmel and Port-de-Paix CTEs

The Jacmel and Port-de-Paix CTEs were among the first CTEs to receive a combination of technical assistance and infrastructure investments with funding from AECID and the IDB. They developed effective management systems and have been able to manage their systems on a full cost recovery basis. The success of these two utilities has been the model that the Project has used to show other CTEs that sustainable growth is possible. The Directors of these CTEs went on to become regional directors and are key Project partners.

These CTEs have been using SIGA for several years. During this quarter, the Project updated their SIGA installations to the current versions, giving them access to the new features that the Project had developed including cloud access to the information and a mobile app for meter reading.

TECHNICAL OPERATIONS The support to technical operations varied from one CTE to the next:

• Cap Haïtien: The Project focused on helping the CTE to prepare to manage the water distribution network for the downtown area. This network is currently being rehabilitated with funding from AECID. Their work should add 2,000 metered household connections to the

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network, tripling the size of the network that the CTE manages. The first phase of the work should be completed next quarter. • Ouanaminthe: The Project worked with the CTE to improve the management of the pumps and to identify non-revenue water loss in the system. • Hinche: The Project worked with the CTE to identify gaps in the rehabilitation works that AECID plans for the Hinche system and to identify new areas that could be included in the network. • Mirebalais The Project designed a series of interventions to repair around 12 major leaks in the system. The Project is also working to rehabilitate the water kiosks. • Croix-des-Bouquets: The Project began providing regular coaching to the senior staff with a focus on setting clear goals and following-up on progress. • Les Cayes: The Project provided all the materials for the kiosks' rehabilitation and identified 14 new major leaks in the system that should be fixed by a contractor after USAID approval. • Jérémie: During this quarter, the Project focused on helping the CTE to analyze its challenges with water production. Although the Jérémie area is known for it plentiful springs, little water was reaching the water distribution system. The Project helped the CTE to conduct a detailed analysis of each spring and of the amount of water being distributed in each area. It was able to determine that the flow from each spring is significantly lower than what had been previously documented. AECID had hired a contractor to extend the current water system. Given how little water was currently in the system, this was clearly not feasible. Therefore, the Project and CTE reached out to AECID and is working with them to redesign their intervention to focus on reducing water loss in the existing system rather than expanding it. The Project also provided the materials to the CTE to repair the distribution from the Gragamora Reservoir to the nearby neighborhood.

COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS Overall, the CTEs have significantly increased their revenues over the past year. The monthly revenues for the last twelve months are shown in Figure 4. Several CTEs had sharp spikes in revenues last quarter as they began issuing individualized invoices to each customer. Revenues were low in November as families prioritized paying the annual school fees. The jump in December likely reflects payment of customers making up for the low payments in November.

2,500,000 Cap Haïtien

2,000,000 Ouanaminthe

1,500,000 Hinche

1,000,000 Mirebalais

500,000 Croix de Bouquets 0 Les Cayes Jérémie

Figure 4. Monthly revenues for each CTE throughout 2020.

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Table X below compares the revenues from last December to this December for the seven CTEs in the Project. On average, revenues were 45% higher with Mirebalais leading with a 244% increase. Only Hinche showed a decline in revenues, likely due to interruptions in the water service that month.

Table 1. Comparison of the revenues for each CTE to last December.

DEC-19 DEC-20 % CHANGE Cap Haïtien 277,355 377,427 36% Ouanaminthe 1,000,000 1,546,530 55% Hinche 583,171 379,156 -35% Mirebalais 304,479 1,048,370 244% Croix de Bouquets 368,935 524,423 42% Les Cayes 1,367,844 1,911,984 40% Jérémie 454,196 511,458 13% 4,355,980 6,299,348 45%

Two of the CTEs have increased their water tariff (Mirebalais and Les Cayes). The Jérémie CTE increased its collections from its water kiosks. Most of the CTEs have increased the number of household connections. However, all of the CTEs report that customers have increased payment of their invoices and their arrears since the CTE started issuing individualized invoices.

The Project is training the CTE Directors and staff to work with the local media. As the CTEs have improved the quality of the water service, it is important for them to reach out to the community and explain the changes. Local radio is the best means to reach the widest local audience. Therefore, the Project started training the CTE staff in how to talk with the media and how to properly shape messages. As a consultant, the former DINEPA communications director created a radio talk show called ALLO CTE and trained the CTE staff. The talk show focuses on the following three key themes:

• Current happenings (“Sa kap fèt” in , which means “What’s happening?”): The CTE needs to keep its customers aware of changes to the system and how those changes will impact them. • The need to conserve water and protect the infrastructure (“Saw dwe Konnen” in Kreyol, which means “What you should know”): As the amount of waste decreases, the number of people who can be served increases. • How to contact the CTE: Each CTE has a unique telephone number for receiving complaints and issues.

The Project is helping the CTE staff to pre-record the talk shows, which will be broadcasted as of the beginning of the next quarter. The objective of the training is to get the CTE staff ready to do live broadcasts. Just like any business, the CTEs need to actively communicate with their customers and to help them to understand the changes that are happening. This training is one more step in the CTEs journey to self-reliance.

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COMPONENT 2: INCREASING ACCESS TO SUSTAINABLE SANITATION SERVICES The project activities under Component 2 are focused on providing basic or improved sanitation to 75,000 people by strengthening the capacity of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to market sanitation products and by assisting DINEPA to reopen the fecal sludge management facilities in Les Cayes (Fonfred) and near Canaan (Morne-à-Cabri). The progress for each indicator is described below and the work under each of the contractual tasks is described in the following sections.

During this quarter, the Project focused on assisting the most motivated SMEs and stimulate demand in the sanitation sector and on developing several Request for Proposal for the fecal sludge work in Morne-à-Cabri. As a result, 41 toilets (191) people) were built this quarter by the sanitation SMEs. Since the beginning of the Project, the SMEs have sold for around 13,322,521 gourdes (equivalent to $180,3002) of sanitation services and/or products.

TASK 2.1: SUPPORT TO SANITATION ENTERPRISES SANITATION SMES During this quarter, four SMEs supported by the Project received grants. Two received the first (HL.8.2-2) IND 3.1: NUMBER OF tranche of the grant, meaning they built at least 15 PEOPLE GAINING ACCESS TO A toilet s, and the other two received the second BASIC SANITATION SERVICE AS A tranche, meaning they sold at least 40 toilets in total. RESULT OF USG ASSISTANCE

During this quarter, the Project coached 15 SMES as This indicator has been particularly listed in Table 2. problematic for the Project. The Project has been providing training and technical Table 2. The list of SMEs strengthened this quarter to build toilets. assistance to SMEs to encourage them to build toilets and to target families that do not Region Name have one. To date, these SMEs have built 398 Canaan ASDA, RETCOM, ATA toilets, including 41 this quarter. Since the Cap-Haitien OJPMBTPA, ETCNH main beneficiary of the Project activities is Jérémie BEAUGAZ, APGA, SANI the SME rather than the SMEs’ clients, it has PREFAB been difficult to accurately determine if the Mirebalais ACM, ESSAM PLUS SMEs’ clients meet the criteria for gaining Les Cayes RECCHAC, ASTIAS, ATESCA, access to basic sanitation. While the initial RETGECAS, RETBOCAS field reports indicated that the majority of toilets were for people who met the criteria for this indicator, later investigations indicated that many of the toilets were being built for families who had previously had one. Based on the field analysis, the Project is now considering only 30% of the toilets as meeting this indicator.

2 The Haitian Gourde has been highly unstable throughout the life of the Project, ranging from a low of 60 HTG/USD to a high of over 120 HTG/USD. In this report, the Gourde is converted at 70 HTG.USD as a rough average for the quarter.

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MANUAL EMPTIERS TRAINING To reach its goal of providing improved sanitation services in Haiti, the Project is working to ensure that the sludge transported to the sites is safely managed and no longer poses health threats to the population in general or to the pit emptiers, (sometimes referred to by the disparaging term bayakou). These pit emptiers provide a critical service in Haiti’s fecal sludge management chain by digging the sludge out of latrines, thereby allowing the pit to be reused. The Project worked with four groups of manual emptiers in Les Cayes (The Project worked with four groups in Les Cayes (Tèt Ansanm, Pa fè fò,, REVAMOC, Ekla Service) to make their work more hygienic, safer, and professional. In addition, the Project supported the association’s creation of four pit emptier associations, and the four groups formalized their activities through the municipalities and are legally registered with the Ministry of Social Affairs. As part of the training, the Project provided the pit emptiers with personal protective equipment and trained them in its use.

Figure 5. The pit emptiers at the Les Cayes training event.

The Project began this process in Canaan with the group Sani Bon Sevis.

TASK 2.2: WASTE TREATMENT & FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING SERVICES The Project started to work on the design of maintenance and upgrading of the Morne-à-Cabri site. By assisting DINEPA in operating those sites on a cost-recovery basis, the Project will improve the sanitation value chain and provide improved sanitation to at least 70,000 people.

MORNE-À-CABRI FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT SITE

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE In October, the Project organized a workshop with the OREPA-West to finalize the business and marketing plan for the site. During the workshop, participants were invited to think of the Morne-à- Cabri facility as a business that needs to generate the revenue required to operate it. To first start with collecting revenues on a regular basis, the Project will support the Morne-à-Cabri team to improve the

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processing of trucks upon arrival, develop an accurate invoicing system and start with mobile money payment.

The Project also signed the contract with Roc Construction to clean the site and pump out the lagoons. Roc Construction began mobilizing in December.

SITE CLEAN-UP The Project signed a contract with Roc Construction for repairing the fence, removing the garbage, and pumping out the lagoons. The work will start at the beginning of next quarter. In addition, the Geotubes arrived, so the sludge from the lagoon will be pumped into these tubes, and the water will drain from the tubes back into the lagoons.

ADDITIONAL WORKS The Project is also designing several other upgrades for the site including replacing the water distribution system, upgrading the electrical installation, constructing a sludge drying pad, and installing improved grates

THE FONFRED FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT SITE The Project worked with the OREPA-South to develop the operations and business plan for the site and to develop a system for the manual pit emptiers to transport the sludge to the site. The Project hired a manager and an administrator for the Fonfred FSM. The site should be ready for a provisional reopening next quarter.

TASK 2.3: WASTEWATER TREATMENT & FECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT CONSTRUCTION The actual construction works on Morne-à-Cabri should start next quarter.

COMPONENT 3: IMPROVING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE IMPLEMENTATION, OPERATIONS, AND MAINTENANCE OF WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES The Project’s third goal is to lay the foundation for sustainable increases in access to safe water and sanitation. It is meeting this goal by building successes at the local level and then working through DINEPA and other institutions to share these on a broader scale (Task 3.1) and by holding national events and publishing the lessons learned (Task 3.2).

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TASK 3.1: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO NATIONAL AND SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES WATER For the second year, the Project has supported the National Directorate for Water and Sanitation’s (DINEPA) annual planning workshop. This year, the workshop was held on October 26th to 28th in Fermathe. DINEPA brings together the Directors of each of the technical services (Water, Sanitation, and the National Observatory) and the directors of the regional water authorities (known as OREPAs) each year to review their progress against the goals and to set goals for the upcoming year. It facilitates the evaluation of the results of each component of DINEPA: the technical directorates within their roles as main regulators and strategic supports given to the four OREPAs and partners to evaluate their performance.

For the first time, the retreat focused also on the management improvements of the local water utilities (known as CTEs). Using the information that the CTEs have reported through the cloud-based reporting system introduced by the Project, mWater, DINEPA had a clear picture of the progress made by the different CTEs. Those CTEs that had successfully adopted the suite of management improvements provided by the Project had notable improvements in their revenues. The participants discussed how these improvements could be rolled out to additional CTEs. By helping DINEPA to organize this workshop, the Project supports the sector governance for better planning and improvement of their services.

At the end of this quarter, the Project gathered and trained the DINEPA and 11 CTEs responsible for SIGA. The goal was to harmonize the use of SIGA among the CTEs to facilitate the reporting to the DINEPA. This training aims for the DINEPA and CTE staff to be able to:

• Master the various elements of the SIGA interface (CTE and manager version); • Understand and manage customer service contracts; • Understand and manage customer accounts (customer relationship management); • Master the different billing and invoice editing options (email, WhatsApp, etc.); • Master the various internal and external payment options (My Cash, Sogexpress, etc.); • Understand and use the various reports available on SIGA.

SANITATION World Toilet Day is also a reminder of the need to act to tackle the global sanitation crisis and achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6: Water and Sanitation for All by 2030.

The Project celebrated World Toilet Day with the National Directorate for Water and Sanitation (DINEPA) in each of the five communes of the Project and Morne- à-Cabri and expanded the outreach to three additional areas: Petion-Ville, , and Carrefour. The Project held events for community leaders, members of the community, students, municipal Figure 6. The OREPA- hosted the World Toilet Day event for the south.

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officers, and schools in each commune. The Project invited the sanitation entrepreneurs to introduce and explain the services that they offer. The Project also gave a presentation in Les Cayes on the operation of the Fonfred fecal sludge management site to inform the population about the critical importance of safely managing fecal sludge. By raising awareness of the importance of improving sanitation, the Project is working to build sustainable solutions to the challenges of sanitation in Haiti.

TASK 3.2: KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND LEARNING The Project held two events to improve the quality of both the information available in the water and sanitation sectors and the technical assistance.

• On October 28, the Project’s Chief of Party, Dan O’Neil hosted a session at the 2020 University of North Carolina Water and Health Conference. The poster session was entitled “Building Resilience Utilities: Case Study of Haiti” and focused on the applicability of the World Bank’s Water Utility Turnaround Framework to the very low-capacity water utilities found in countries like Haiti. The two biggest lessons that the Project has learned, so far, are that CTEs need to have a strong local leadership to go through that process and the Project needs to be consistently with the CTE to support them get through all the changes. • On December 16th, the USAID Water and Sanitation Project sponsored a workshop that to review the Lessons Learned in Urban Sanitation report that the Project had produced with Zanmi Lasanté. This workshop was attended by more than 30 people from different governmental institutions (DINEPA, Environment Ministry, Public Works Ministry, UCLBP), two universities (UEH, UNIQ), and other organizations (MSF, SOIL, GRET, UNICEF, PADF, HELVETAS, ACTED). The Project will produce a revised version of the Lessons Learned in Urban Sanitation Report to capture the important points from this workshop. This new report should serve as a guide to Haiti’s goal of providing improved sanitation for all by 2030.

CROSS-CUTTING TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES

ENTERPRISE ACCELERATION FUND The Project currently has three grants that are underway.

LE LEVIER : MICRO-FINANCE FOR TOILET CONSTRUCTION The Federation des Caisses Populaires Haitiennes – Le Levier (Le Levier) finalized the marketing plan for the micro-credit program for toilet construction and launched the program in Cap-Haïtien in December. They have already received the first three applications for micro-credit. Le Levier will launch the program in the remaining areas next quarter and expects to have its first loans.

Figure 7. The launch of the micro-credit program for toilets in Cap-Haïtien.

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HENRY CHRISTOPHE CAMPUS IN LIMONADE: WATER TESTING LABORATORY The grant to the Henry Christophe Campus in Limonade of the State University of Haiti (near Cap- Haitien)̈ aims to expand the existing soil laboratory to perform drinking water tests. Through this grant, Auburn University will provide the Henry Christophe Campus with technical assistance to develop the laboratory and elaborate a business plan for its operation. The Project drafted water testing manual laboratory equipment and put out for bid in the US.

QUISQUEYA UNIVERSITY: TESTING PLANT-BASED FECAL SLUDGE TREATMENT Quisqueya University received a grant to assess the feasibility of implementing plant-based drying beds for the treatment of sludge from in Haiti. Instead of storing the sludge under water, Quisqueya University will test a system that has the sludge treated through ground-based plants. The Project put the laboratory equipment out for bid.

GRANTS UNDER REVIEW Additionally, the Project is currently finalizing the following grants:

1. Incinerator 509 Sanitation: This grant aims to complete the installation of the incinerator begun under the AVANSE Project. USAID’s approval is expected beginning of the next quarter and the grant should be signed next quarter. 2. Wells for the Femmes Soleil du Nord: This grant would set up two water points in Vaudreuil in the Cap-Haïtien commune. This aims to provide easier access to water to at least 3,000 people in this area. The Project has requested USAID’s consent for the drilling of the two wells.

MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING SUBMISSION OF THE REVISED MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING PLAN The Project submitted its revised Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan for FY21 on October 30th. USAID is currently reviewing this document.

ONGOING MONITORING The Project provided updates to USAID through Teams and DevResults.

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE The focus for environmental compliance focused in monitoring the construction activities with approved EMMPs. The EMMPs for 509 Sanitation for the incinerator was submitted this quarter to USAID for approval.

GENDER The Gender & Safeguards Specialist continued the gender training with partners, including Le Levier and all the local water utilities in the north.

The Gender Specialist worked in tandem with the Les Cayes CTE to improve the management of all the kiosks in Les Cayes. All the operators were trained to ensure their better understanding of the role and responsibilities of DINEPA and its deconcentrated entities in water management, of how to manage

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kiosks, and of their day-to-day responsibilities for managing kiosks and keeping them in good condition to ensure their long-term viability.

The Gender Specialist developed a survey to evaluate the use of the kiosks by the urban population with wealth quintiles. The Project will use EquityTool to determine the wealth quintiles. It uses the weighted results of 13 questions to estimate the wealth quintiles of the population. These questions are simple questions such as whether the house has a TV, what type of roof the house has, and whether the household uses charcoal to cook.

HOW THE PROJECT WILL MEET ITS F-INDICATOR TARGETS THIS YEAR As described in the following sections, the Project is on track to meet all of its F-Indicator targets in FY2021.

(HL.8.1-1) IND 1.1: NUMBER OF PEOPLE GAINING ACCESS TO BASIC DRINKING WATER SERVICES AS A RESULT OF USG ASSISTANCE: FY2021 TARGET: 25,000 The Project has already helped over 13,240 people to obtain access to improved water. As the Canaan water system is improved and the CTE adds more connections, the Project will exceed the target of 25,000.

(HL.8.1-3) IND 1.2: NUMBER OF PEOPLE RECEIVING IMPROVED SERVICE QUALITY FROM AN EXISTING BASIC OR SAFELY MANAGED DRINKING WATER SERVICE AS A RESULT OF USG ASSISTANCE: FY2021 TARGET: 180,000 The Project has currently helped 131,435 people to receive improved service. The remaining 48,565 for this fiscal year will come from the improvements of the water kiosks in the Mirebalais and Les Cayes systems

(HL.8.2-2) IND 3.1: NUMBER OF PEOPLE GAINING ACCESS TO A BASIC SANITATION SERVICE AS A RESULT OF USG ASSISTANCE: FY2021 TARGET: 1,082 To date, the SMEs have built 398 toilets, including 41 this quarter. As the support to the SMEs continue and the Le Levier micro-finance program begins providing credit, the Project expects to be able to have the remaining toilets built.

(HL.8.2-7) IND 3.2: NUMBER PEOPLE RECEIVING IMPROVED SANITATION SERVICE QUALITY FROM AN EXISTING "LIMITED" OR "BASIC" SERVICE AS A RESULT OF USG ASSISTANCE: FY2021 TARGET: 72,500 Once the Project completes the required environmental analysis of its fecal sludge work, it will be able to start providing technical assistance to the Morne-à-Cabri and to the Fonfred sites. Once the Project

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is able to assist these sites in providing improved service quality, then it will be able to record its first beneficiaries for this indicator.

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ANNEX 1: PROJECT RESULTS FRAMEWORK The table below lists the indicators and expected results for the Project from the Project’s approved Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning Plan (MELP) as updated in FY2020.

Actual Actual Actual Actual Target Target LOP Performance Indicators Baseline FY18 FY19 FY20 Q1-FY21 FY21 FY22 Target Increasing Access to Sustainable Water Services

Outcome IND 1: (HL.8.1-3) Error! Reference source 0 0 18,815 91,980 65,000 180,000 210,000 210,000 not found..

IND 1.1: (HL.8.1-1) Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 13,240 0 15,000 0 40,000

Outcome IND 2: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 4 N/A 5 5 5

IND 2.1: Error! Reference source not found.. 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 5

IND 2.2: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 4 7 5 5 5

IND 2.3: (HL.8.3-3) Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 1 N/A 5 5 5

Increasing Access to Sustainable Sanitation Services Outcome IND 3: (HL.8.2-7) Error! Reference source 0 0 0 0 0 72,500 70,000 70,000 not found. IND 3.1: (HL.8.2-2): Error! Reference source not 0 0 261 557 0 1,082 500 2,500 found.

Outcome IND 4: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 11 18 0 15 15 15

IND 4.1: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 18 19 20 15 15 15

IND 4.2: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 - 0 3 3 3

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Actual Actual Actual Actual Target Target LOP Performance Indicators Baseline FY18 FY19 FY20 Q1-FY21 FY21 FY22 Target 70% 86% Error! Reference source not found. 0 N/A N/A 20% (1/5) N/A 86% (5/7) (6/7) Improving the Enabling Environment for Sustainable Implementation, Operation, and Maintenance of Water and Sanitation Services and Maintenance of Water and Sanitation Services

Outcome IND 5: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 100% N/A 35% 50% 50%

Outcome IND 6: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 9 4 0 5 5

IND 5/6.1: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 9 9 9 14 9 9

IND 5.2: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 - 0 1 1 1 3

IND 6.2: Error! Reference source not found. 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 5

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The following table explains the indicator values for each indicator Performance Indicators Explanation

Increasing Access to Sustainable Water Services An additional 39,455 people are receiving improved service quality from existing water sources as a result of the Project’s interventions, bringing the total to date to 131,435. The main increase comes from including an additional 27,895 people by including the Outcome IND 1: (HL.8.1-3) Error! Reference source Ouanaminthe and Hinche water systems. Note that the Project has not completed the not found.. census of households in these areas, so this number is a conservative estimate. It is likely to increase in future reporting. The additional beneficiaries come from the organic growth in the other networks. The Project only counts people in the Canaan area of Croix-des-Bouquets as receiving access to basic drinking water. This number has not increased. Once the work on the IND 1.1: (HL.8.1-1) Error! Reference source not found. Canaan water distribution network is completed in the fourth quarter of FY21, this should increase by an additional 25,000 people. As described in the section on Technical Assistance for Water Service Providers, six of the Outcome IND 2: Error! Reference source not found. seven Project CTEs significantly increased their revenues over the past year and most saw a sharp increase during the quarter. The Project has been working closely with the CTEs to improve the safety and quality of the water supplied in the systems. Based on the success of this work, it will begin codifying IND 2.1: Error! Reference source not found.. these practices into water quality safety plans. However, none of these plans have been finalized to date. The Project has found that chlorine remains available on the local market at a reasonable IND 2.2: Error! Reference source not found. price. All of the CTEs have access to chlorine. IND 2.3: (HL.8.3-3) Error! Reference source not found. N/A—this is only measured in the fourth quarter of each year. Increasing Access to Sustainable Sanitation Services The Project continues to work with the management teams for the fecal sludge Outcome IND 3: (HL.8.2-7) Number people receiving management facilities at Morne-à-Cabri and Fonfred to improve the treatment of the fecal improved sanitation service quality from an existing "limited" waste. However, neither facility has improved enough for the Project to claim beneficiaries or "basic" service as a result of USG assistance for this indicator. The Project’s approach to helping people gain access to basic sanitation has been to strengthen private contractors and encourage them to find clients who did not previously have a private toilet. While the contractors have been quite successful in building and IND 3.1: (HL.8.2-2): Number of people gaining access to a rehabilitating toilets—they have completed 398 toilets to date—only a small percentage basic sanitation service as a result of USG assistance have been for people who did not previously have access to one. The Project had established a rigid system for determining this but has struggled to determine eligibility in the field. In many cases, the toilets are for new houses and the owner is not present. In other cases, the person is moving to the area and may have previously not had a toilet but

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Performance Indicators Explanation is staying in a temporary residence that does have one. In the end, the Project is estimating that 30% of the new toilets are for those who did not previously have one. This give a total of 600 people. Outcome IND 4: Number of SMEs demonstrating increased As described under Task 2.1, X SMEs demonstrated an increase in sales this quarter. This sales of sanitation products and services as a result of USG brings to XX the total number of SMEs that have increased their sales to date. assistance. As described under Task 2.1, X the Project supported 15 SMEs focused on toilet IND 4.1: Number of FSM entrepreneurs and/or SMEs construction and 5 focused on pit emptying. This brings to XX the total number of SMEs supported as a result of USG assistance that the Project has supported to date. As described under Task 2.2, the Project has not made enough progress on the work on IND 4.2: Number of communes with access to waste the Morne-à-Cabri and Fonfred fecal sludge management sites to consider that the treatment capacity as a result of USG assistance communes have access to waste treatment capacity. These sites should be fully operational by the fourth quarter. Output Indicator 4.3: Percent of USG-assisted N/A—this is only measured in the fourth quarter of each year. organizations with improved performance [IM-level] Improving the Enabling Environment for Sustainable Implementation, Operation, and Maintenance of Water and Sanitation Services and Maintenance of Water and Sanitation Services Outcome IND 5: Percentage of staff in target sector institutions self-reporting increased ability to perform N/A—this is only measured in the fourth quarter of each year. effectively in assigned job as a result of USG assistance Outcome IND 6: Number of agreed strategies/plans for improved water and/or sanitation service delivery being No additional strategies or plans were developed this quarter. The CTEs are implementing implemented at the national, regional, and/or commune level the plans developed in the previous quarter. as a result of USG assistance IND 5/6.1: Number of water and sanitation national/sub- national institutions receiving training in support of sector The following institutions received training: the seven Project CTEs, the CTEs in Jacmel planning, investment, monitoring and/or regulation, as a result and Port-de-Paid, the four OREPAs, and DINEPA (14 total) of USG assistance IND 5.2: Number of national or regional events on project learning involving government, civil society, private sector The Lessons Learned in Urban Sanitation workshop was held this quarter and/or donor partners conducted as a result of USG assistance IND 6.2: Number of knowledge products supporting sector planning, investment, monitoring, sustained service delivery No additional knowledge products were disseminated this quarter. and/or regulation, disseminated as a result of USG assistance

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ANNEX 2: PROJECT STAFFING UPDATE

Last x First Name Title Name Start date

Conseiller senior pour les nouveaux 1 Michel Dit Benoit Sterne November 3rd directeurs des CTEs

Anne Virginie 2 Felix November 3rd Estelle Fonfred FSM Administrator

3 Auguste Rosiny Fonfred FSM Manager November 16th

4 CTE’s Trainer (Consultant) focused on Felix Edwin November 26th on results based management

7 Milord Leicka Bayyina IT-TC December 21st

Marc Germain left the Project. George Acolor moved from Les Cayes to Hinche CTE. CFET hired two liaison agents for Croix-des-Bouquets and Mirebalais. Lovitha Baptiste transferred to PaP as a Communications assistant.