Federico Zenith Hydrogen in Northern A hydrogen valley at Europe’s periphery

SINTEF Mathematics & Cybernetics

16 July 2019, Galway

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3 • Capacity factor 50 % • Local consumption max. 60 MW • Local economy based on fishing • Partner operator of park & grid:

The Haeolus Project: Background Raggovidda wind park, Berlevåg municipality, Varanger peninsula, county

• The Raggovidda wind park: – 45 MW built of 200 MW concession – Neighbour Hamnafjell: 50 MW / 120 MW – Bottleneck to main grid is 95MW – Total Varanger resources about 2000 MW

4 The Haeolus Project: Background Raggovidda wind park, Berlevåg municipality, Varanger peninsula, Finnmark county

• The Raggovidda wind park: – 45 MW built of 200 MW concession – Neighbour Hamnafjell: 50 MW / 120 MW – Bottleneck to main grid is 95MW – Total Varanger resources about 2000 MW • Capacity factor 50 % • Local consumption max. 60 MW • Local economy based on fishing • Partner operator of park & grid:

4 The Haeolus System’s Site Raggovidda wind park, Berlevåg municipality, Varanger peninsula, Finnmark county

• EU project, budget 7.6 M€ • Electrolyser beside Berlevåg harbour • Capacity: 2.5 MW or 1 t/d • Production start expected early 2020 • New 10 km power line from Raggovidda • Virtually “inside the fence” • Accessibility by road or sea • Partner electrolyser manufacturer: View of Berlevåg, site highlighted

5 The Berlevåg Electrolyser

• Production pressure: 30 bar • “Upgrades” outside project scope • Raggovidda (capacity factor 50 %): • Booster to 500–900 bar? – today 45 MW (9 t/d) – concession 200 MW (40 t/d) • Liquefaction plant not realistic – Varanger potential 2 GW (400 t/d) – too small scale • With 1 kg hydrogen a car drives 100 km • Located in Berlevåg harbour – County road 890 • 35,3 billion km driven in Norway (2017) – Container ships • Varanger wind can supply >40 % of • Evaluation criteria for applications: Norwegian cars – Technological availability – Hydrogen consumption – Lighthouse factor (“gimmick”)

6 Workshop in Vadsø https://www.ffk.no/nyheter/hydrogen-i-vinden.602054.aspx

• Called by Finnmark County Council • Political engagement, also from Oslo • Presented opportunities to local stakeholders • Already followed-up by second workshop (more focused)

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8 Fishing Boats

• Electric fishing boats with battery – Diesel for propulsion – Battery on fishing field – Replacing diesel with H2? • Aquaculture support vessels • Larger fishing boats • 3 Berlevåg fishermen reported interest • Feasibility study planned this autumn The Karoline, Norway’s first electric fishing boat (Selfa Arctic)

9 Fast Passenger Ferries

• Brødrene Aa have expressed interest – Innovative ship • Kirkenes–Vadsø a possible case – Currently: 15 min plane or 2 hour drive – 40 km over the • Attempted EU financing, barely missed • Finnmark CC still supporting idea

Brødrene Aa’s H2 FPF concept

10 Coastal Express

• The Coastal Express (Hurtigruten) stops already in Berlevåg – Electrolyser is right by the dock – Visible application for tourists • New competitor Havila seeks green profile • 4 new ships from 2021 • New ships should be “fuel-cell ready” • No fuel cells from the get-go, though

11 Cars

• 1 t/d in enough for 3000 cars, not realistic but…

• Lighthouse effect (“world’s northernmost2 H station”) • Finnmark has fewest electric cars in Norway • Users: Berlevåg municipality, Varanger Kraft, private owners (?) • Hyundai Nexo can drive & return anywhere in East Finnmark from Berlevåg – Option to ship back cars on the Coastal Express • Refuelling station in Berlevåg: Hydrogenics, Uno-X?

12 Regional Buses

• Sparse population • On-demand buses are common • Interest from county council

• … but no H2 minibus is available • Bosch developed a prototype • Several routes are run by taxi – These could use Nexo or Mirai • Evaluation as demo site for JIVE project – Kirkenes, North Cape, Alta, Hammerfest

13 Snowmobiles

• Great lighthouse potential • VTT in Finland is interested and has experience • Aurora Powertrains has built battery snowmobiles • Interest from Nordkapp municipality • Zero-emission day trips for North Cape tourists • Looking for project financing

14 Hydrogen Planes

• Norwegian air traffic authority (Avinor) interested in electrical planes • Batteries are and will remain inadequate for commercial planes

• Avinor, Widerøe interested in H2 planes • The “Milk route” between Tromsø and Kirkenes is a good candidate • No replacement for current Dash 8 after 2030 Widerøe’s Dash 8’s are critical to • Looking for funding with Zeroavia and Enova transport in

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16 Energy Supply to Svalbard

• 2100 inhabitants in Longyearbyen • Old coal power plant • Policy to remove coal • Consulting company identified LNG as cheapest • Zero emission supported by politicians, organisations and even companies (Statkraft, NEL)

• Hydrogen import or NH3 as energy carrier? • µCHP is an off-the-shelf technology • Gradual introduction of hydrogen into the energy system

17 Generators

• Reserve capacity in Berlevåg • Black-outs can occur in winter storms • New power line from Raggovidda • Other “islanded areas”? Private huts? • Telecom infrastructure?

18 Industry

• Steel production with hydrogen instead of coal – Hybrit project in Sweden – H2Future in Austria • Mining and ore processing – Sydvaranger Gruve • Ammonia production – Proposed by Statkraft for Svalbard energy supply, can also be sold as chemical

19 Conclusion Recap

• Fishing boats: good potential • Fast passenger ferries: initiative started • H2 planes: good perspective • Coastal express: promising, but longer • Svalbard: best potential, political will perspective • Generators: small need • Cars: good for visibility • Steel & mines: longer in the future • Regional transport: cars for some • Ammonia: for eksport, e.g. Svalbard on-demand routes • Aquaculture: good potential for 100 % • Snowmobiles: cooperating with VTT, green salmon identified site

20 Thank you for your attention!

Conclusion Current Status

• Preparing feasibility study for hydrogen fishing boats • Fast passenger ferry project looking for financing • Logistic infrastructure for Finnmark being sought funding for • Svalbard energy export may get its own proposal • Snowmobiles: prototype by end of 2020? • Evaluating participation to JIVE as demo site • Planes: follow-up with companies and financing institutions

21 Conclusion Current Status

• Preparing feasibility study for hydrogen fishing boats • Fast passenger ferry project looking for financing • Logistic infrastructure for Finnmark being sought funding for • Svalbard energy export may get its own proposal • Snowmobiles: prototype by end of 2020? • Evaluating participation to JIVE as demo site • Planes: follow-up with companies and financing institutions Thank you for your attention!

21 Hydrogen-Aeolic Energy with Optimised eLectrolysers Upstream of Substation This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement № 779469.

Any contents herein reflect solely the authors’ view. The FCH 2 JU and the European Commission are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information herein contained.