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Dual Vocational Education: How the Future Works 2 1 Dual vocational education: How the future works 2 Graphic Credits Cover: © MT Mediendesign Michael Tewiele 3 Dual vocational education: How the future works 4 Content Content 7 How dual vocational education works The role of the companies 8 9 Trainees in dual vocation education programmes The role of vocational schools 10 11 The role of the chambers of skilled crafts The practical side of dual vocation education 14 30 Background information Explanatory videos on dual vocational education 32 5 Martin, Tischler Erstes Gehalt mit 29? Ich hab was Besseres vor. Finde den passenden Beruf für Dich auf handwerk.de 6 Der Rhein Main Campus – das vielseitige Aus- und Weiterbildungsprogramm für das Handwerk. Bleiben Sie neugierig – es geht um Ihre Zukunft! Handwerkskammer Frankfurt-Rhein-Main, KdÖR, Bockenheimer Landstraße 21, 60325 Frankfurt am Main Handwerkskammer Frankfurt-Rhein-Main, KdÖR, Bockenheimer Landstraße 21, www.rhein-main-campus.de How dual vocational education works 7 How dual vocational education works Germany has a high-performing and versatile economic system. Dual vocational education forms the basis of this system. On the one hand, it provides young people with opportunities for working and for rising through the ranks – and on the other hand, it consistently provides a sufficiently large number of skilled workers. Dual vocational education is the foundation for later earning a Master Craftsman’s certificate, which is equivalent to a Bachelor. The Master Craftsman’s certificate paves the way to leadership positions, to being self-employed or even to attending university. Dual vocational education is possible for around 350 vocational professions, including approx. 130 in the skilled crafts sector. “Dual” means that part of the training takes place at the companies and part of it at school. It is the task of the company to provide the apprentice with practical expertise in terms of skills and abilities above all. The school in turn gives the trainees theoretical expertise and a general education background. Then there are (for all skilled crafts companies that offer apprenticeships) the chambers of skilled crafts: They coordinate, regulate and supervise the entire process. Further, they set up industry-wide training centres for learning special methods, techniques and technologies. The tasks of all of the partners in the dual education system are precisely regulated. The content and procedures are set. With that, the companies obtain young employees who can directly play a productive part. The schools take on an important social and educational function. The apprentices profit from a vocational education that is comprehensive, diversified and useful for many later professions, remunerated from the start by the employer. The strength of the economic system in Germany as a business location grows from the dual educational system, because the companies not only invest in the education, but at the same time also in the future of their company and the future of their trade. So it is a system with a model character, also for other countries and regions in Europe. Video: „Dual vocational training: That´s the future“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtBgiosPyE4 8 How dual vocational education works The role of the companies There are almost a million skilled crafts companies across the nation, more than 33,000 in the region covered by the Chamber of Skilled Crafts Frankfurt-Rhein-Main alone. They are all under no obligation to train anyone – but every company that trains and thus invests in their own future must comply with the rules of the Crafts Code and the Vocational Training Act. For every occupa- tion requiring training there are detailed training regulations that stipulate the point at which the instructing Master has to teach which skills and knowledge. This must be ensured and documented by the employer. The apprentices receive compensation from the company. To earn this, the up-and-coming young workers labour right alongside everyone else at the company with the start of their apprenticeship, coming into contact with their later vocational field. The in- structors at the company use “learning by doing” to teach the trainees above all practice-oriented and professional abilities and information. Experience shows that, in doing so, social competences are also learned along the way in the two to three and a half years of vocational education. And nothing is more motivating than holding the result in one’s own hands at the end of a work unit. Companies are also interwoven with the vocational schools and they work closely together as partners. The dual education system has numerous advantages for the companies. The most important one: The companies select their apprentices themselves, train them to become qualified and with that they are also able to cover their own need for specialists in a targeted manner. Video: „Dual vocational training: Entrepreneurs design the future“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zf830PGx4dg How dual vocational education works 9 Trainees in dual vocation education programmes The apprentices themselves are the focus of the dual education system. They profit from dual vocational education in multiple ways. For example, they are provided with direct contact to genuine chal- lenges of their later vocational field. They are included in operational procedures and company processes from the start. And expe- riencing what develops from one’s own work is just as motivating as the remuneration received by the apprentices. The fact that every apprenticeship is comprised of verifiable learning steps also has a positive impact. Every dual vocational apprenticeship is based on a clear structure. This structure in turn pools: Specialised knowledge Craftsmanship General education The promoting of social competences and vocational experience With that, the dual educational system ensures high-quality vocational training recognised everywhere. In turn, it is the perfect entry to a in the skilled crafts sector. Apprentices can choose from 130 skilled crafts professions – that career, especially means nu- merous chances for the individual with many opportunities for apprenticeships and continuing education. By means of the Master Craftsman’s certificate, which is equivalent to a Bachelor degree, academic studies are even available to today’s apprentices, wi- thout their Abitur (German university entrance qualification). Dual vocational education is at the beginning of the path – and at the same time it ensures the future of the economic location. Video: „Dual vocational training: The future for young talents“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OafszSfxuTM 10 How dual vocational education works The role of the vocational schools Within the dual education system, the vocational schools take on an educational mandate. The duty of these state schools, ho- wever, differs from the teaching function of other schools: The focus is on teaching content that has a direct connection to the respective apprenticeship occupation. As part of specialised classes that are each related to one vocation, the apprentices learn the theoretical foundations of their occupation with technical or commercial specialized knowledge, averaging twelve class hours per week. What is also important here is that general education content is taught along the way. With this knowledge the schools also open the apprentices’ eyes to the bigger social and economic connections. Plus social competences are also practiced here as well. A schematic allocation of “company = practical side” and “school = theory” would fall short, because the two worlds are genuinely interwoven. Among other things, the feedback from the companies ensures that the respective current demands of working life are incorporated in the specialised classes. The complete training period ends with theoretical and practical exams – and a comprehensively trained young person who helps shape the future. Video: „Dual vocational training: Vocational schools as partners“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wt2b31I_D8Q How dual vocational education works 11 The role of the Chamber of Skilled Crafts Frankfurt-Rhein-Main Within the course of dual vocational education in the skilled crafts sector, companies and schools work together in a coordinated manner to teach the apprentices different content. The chambers of skilled crafts are attributed with a special role in this national system, because they assume responsibility for the coordination of the approx. 130 skilled crafts professions. They are the superordinate authority to whom the companies and instructors, schools and teachers, and of course the trainees themselves, can turn to for answers to all of their questions about vocational education. With that, the chambers of skilled crafts have an umbrella function for dual vocational education. They are advisors, helpers, in- termediaries, organisers – and equally competent and independent partners to all participants. Video: „Dual vocational training: Services offered by the chambers of skilled crafts“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kS5QAIlE9TQ 12 How dual vocational education works Voices from real life From my point of view, dual education is the best kind of training: It combines theory and practice. My international experience shows that dual education is a successful export. Wherever training is not regulated as strictly, there is sim- ply less expertise available. »Richard Kling, Master Baker (Bäckermeister), Head of the Bakers Guild Frankfurt Dual education is so important for our company,
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