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Eremoblatta Atticola Sp. N.(Corydiidae: Corydiinae), Nueva

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Eremoblatta Atticola Sp. N.(Corydiidae: Corydiinae), Nueva e ISSN 2448-8445 (2020) Volumen 36, 1–14 elocation-id: e3612240 https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2020.3612240 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EE7B667C-F6E3-4CCC-BDE0-C5B7233172B2 Artículo científico (Original paper) EREMOBLATTA ATTICOLA SP. N. (CORYDIIDAE: CORYDIINAE), NUEVA CUCARACHA MIRMECÓFILA DE MÉXICO EREMOBLATTA ATTICOLA SP. N. (CORYDIIDAE: CORYDIINAE), NEW MYRMECOPHILE COCKROACH OF MEXICO JULIO CESAR ESTRADA-ÁLVAREZ1,2*, PATRICIA ROJAS3 1Museo Universitario de Historia Natural Dr. Manuel M. Villada UAEMex, Inst. Literario 100, Colonia Centro, Toluca, Estado México. C.P. 50000. <[email protected]> 2Entomological Research, Bo. San Mateo, Metepec, Estado de México, México. C.P. 52140. <[email protected]> 3Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática. Laboratorio de Invertebrados del Suelo, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL). Ap. Postal 63, 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, México. <[email protected]> *Autor corresponsal: <[email protected]> Recibido: 19/09/2019; aceptado: 26/04/2020; publicado en línea: 10/06/2020 Editor responsable: Arturo Bonet Ceballos Estrada-Álvarez, J. C., Rojas, P. (2020) Eremoblatta atticola sp. n. (Corydiidae: Corydiinae), nueva cucaracha mirmecófila de México. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), 36, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2020.3612240 RESUMEN. Se describe una nueva especie del género Eremoblatta Rehn, 1903, con base en material colectado en detritos de Atta mexicana (Smith 1858), en Querétaro, México. Palabras clave: Eremoblatta; Atta; tipo; detritos; México; mirmecófila Estrada-Álvarez, J. C., Rojas, P. (2020) Eremoblatta atticola sp. n. (Corydiidae: Corydiinae), new myrmecophile cockroach of Mexico. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), 36, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2020.3612240 ABSTRACT. A new species of the genus Eremoblatta Rehn, 1903 is described based on material collected in detritus from Atta mexicana (Smith 1858) in Querétaro, Mexico. Key words: Eremoblatta; Atta; type; detritus; Mexico; myrmecophile INTRODUCCIÓN De las 4,641 especies de cucarachas (Blattodea s. lato) descritas a nivel mundial (Beccaloni & Eggleton, 2011; 2013), solamente 24 son consideradas mirmecófilas, es decir, que están asociadas de alguna manera con una o varias especies de hormigas. Estas cucarachas mirmecófilas pertenecen a 12 géneros, cinco subfamilias y tres familias, la mayoría del continente americano (Cuadro 1). CC-BY-NC-SA 1 Reconocimiento –noComercial-Compartirigual Estrada-Álvarez & Rojas: Nueva cucaracha mirmecófila Cuadro 1. Cucarachas mirmecófilas y asociaciones. Familia Subfamilia Cucaracha Hormiga Relación País (es) Referencia Arenivaga bolliana Atta texana Dentro del EE. UU. Walter et al. (Saussure, 1893) [...abandoned nido 1938 tunnels and chambers...] Arenivaga tonkawa Atta texana Dentro del EE. UU. Walter et al. Hebard, 1920 [...abandoned nido 1938; Weber, tunnels and 1972 chambers...] Arenivaga sp. Atta mexicana En México Este trabajo* Corydiinae detritos Eremoblatta Atta mexicana En México Rojas, 1989**; atticola sp. nov. detritos Este trabajo Eremoblatta - - México Hebard, 1917; hirsuta Hebard, Estrada- 1917 Álvarez, 2013 Eremoblatta Hormigas; "ant Comensal EE. UU. Hebard, 1917 subdiaphana guest" (Scudder, 1902) Compsodes Atta mexicana; En México Rojas, 1989; mexicanus Compsodes sp. detritos, Este trabajo (Saussure, 1868) en nido (ver material revisado) Compsodes "...ant nest..." Dentro del EE. UU. Caudell, 1903; schwarzi (Caudell, nido Ball et al. 1942; Latindiinae Corydiidae 1903) Roth & Willis, 1960 Hypercompsa Acromyrmex En Argentina Crespo et al. fieberi (Brunner lundi (Guérin, detritos 2015 von Wattenwyl, 1838) 1865) Myrmecoblatta Camponotus Dentro del México Mann, 1914; rehni Mann, 1914 maculatus nido, Roth & Willis, picipes; comensal 1960; Princis, Formica 1963; Estrada- rufibarbis var. Álvarez & Gnava; Guadarrama, Formica 2013 subcyanea Myrmecoblatta Camponotus En nido, Guatemala Hebard, 1917; wheeleri Hebard, sp.; comensal Costa Rica Roth & Willis, Incierta [Aa] 1917 Camponotus EE. UU. 1960; Princis, abdominalis; 1963; Fisk et al. Camponotus 1976; Deyrup & abdominalis Fisk, 1984; floridanus; Maes, 1992; Formica sp.; Roth, 1995; Solenopsis sp.; Bell et al. 2007; Solenopsis Estrada-Álvarez geminata & Guadarrama, 2013 Pholadoblatta "...galleries of a Dentro del Bahamas, Rehn, 1906; inusitata (Rehn, large nest of a nido Cuba Rehn & 1906) jumping ant 2 Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) 36 (2020) Familia Subfamilia Cucaracha Hormiga Relación País (es) Referencia (Odontomachus Hebard, 1927; haematodes Princis, 1963 insularis…" Nyctibora acaciana Pseudomyrmex Pega las Costa Rica Deans & Roth, Deans & Roth, sp. ootecas 2003; Bell et al. Nyctiborinae 2003 cerca de 2007 los nidos en acacias Pseudoanaplectinia Crematogaster Sin datos Malasia Roth, 1995; yumotoi Roth, 1995 sp.; Bell et al. 2007. Blattellinae Crematogaster deformis Attaphila sp. 1 Atta colombica; En la Panamá Nehring et al. Acromyrmex masa de 2016 octospinosu hongos Attaphila sp. 2 Atta cephalotes Comensal Guyana Beebe, 1921; Roth & Willis, 1960 Attaphila aptera Acromyrmex En la Colombia Bolivar, 1905; Bolívar, 1905 octospinosus masa de Surinam Bruijning, [=Atta 8- hongos 1959; Roth & spinosa Reiche Willis, 1960; (det. Forel)]; Princis, 1963 Atta sp. pos. Atta cephalotes Attaphila sexdentis Atta sexdens Dentro del Brasil Bolívar, 1905; Bolívar, 1905 [=Atta sexdens nido, Roth & Willis, en Bolívar, comensal 1960; Princis, Ectobiidae 1905: 137] 1963 Attaphila schuppi Acromyrmex Comensal Brasil Bolívar, 1905; Bolívar, 1905 niger [=Atta Roth & Willis, nigra en 1960; Princis, Blattellinae Bolívar, 1905: 1963 [Aa] 138] Attaphila fungicola Atta sp.; Atta En la EE. UU. Wheeler, 1900, Wheeler, 1900 fervens; Atta masa de Guyana, 1907, 1910, cephalotes; Atta hongos; Panamá? 1928; Roth & texana comensal Colombia Willis, 1960; y forética Princis, 1963; Roth, 1995; Moser, 1964; Brossut, 1976; Bell et al. 2007; Rodríguez et al. 2013; Phillips et al. 2017 Attaphila bergi Acromyrmex Dentro del Argentina Bolívar, 1901; Bolívar, 1901 lundi; nido, Uruguay Wheeler, 1907; Acromyrmex comensal Bruch, 1916; lobicornis; Roth & Willis, Acromyrmex 1960; Princis, silvestrii 1963; Roth, 1995 3 Estrada-Álvarez & Rojas: Nueva cucaracha mirmecófila Familia Subfamilia Cucaracha Hormiga Relación País (es) Referencia Attaphila flava Hormiga no Comensal Belice Gurney, 1937; Gurney, 1937 determinada Roth & Willis, 1960; Princis, 1963; Bell et al. 2007 Myrmeblattina "Blattid for nest Comensal Brasil Chopard, longipes (Chopard, of ant" [etiqueta 1924a,b; 1924) Holotipo]; Hancock, 1926; Eciton sp. Princis, 1963; (sic)[=Odontom Beccaloni, 2014 achus affinis]; Odontomachus sp. Phorticolea Crematogaster Comensal Bolivia Caudell, 1923; boliviae Caudell, femoratus; Roth & Willis, Incierta [Ai] 1923 Crematogaster 1960; Princis, limata 1963 Phorticolea Camponotus Comensal Brasil Bolivar, 1905; testacea Bolívar, rufipes Roth & Willis, 1905 1960; Princis, 1963 Atticola mortoni Camponotus Comensal Brasil Bolivar, 1905; Bolivar, 1905 rufipes Roth & Willis, 1960; Princis, 1963 Pelloblatta reyesi …from chamber En México Gurney & Roth, Gurney & Roth, of waste…of ant detritos 1972 Blaberidae Panchlorinae 1972 nest (Atta sp.). Atta cephalotes [ID enmendada] [Aa]= ex Familia Attaphilidae. [Ai]= ex familia Atticolidae. *= ID errada 1♀ como Eremoblatta sp. n. ca. hirsuta, en Rojas, 1989. **Eremoblatta sp. n. ca. hirsuta. Las hormigas han sido consideradas “ingenieros del ecosistema” porque son capaces de moldear la presencia y abundancia de otras especies a través de la creación de nuevos hábitats (Jones et al., 1994). Atta mexicana (Smith) cultiva en el interior de sus nidos a un hongo simbiótico, alimento primordial de sus larvas; los desperdicios generados, son depositados en el exterior de sus nidos formando grandes montículos formados por material vegetal aprovechada por el hongo y otros residuos de la colonia, llamados detritos. Los detritos son ambientes ricos en materia orgánica y con un gradiente de humedad y temperatura constante a lo largo del año, por lo que resultan atractivos para gran diversidad de insectos durante parte o la totalidad de su ciclo de vida (Hendrichs & Reyes-Castillo, 1963; Rojas, 1989). Del total de cucarachas viven en asociación directa con hormigas del género Atta Fabricius, 1805, únicamente cinco se han encontrado en el hábitat específico de las acumulaciones de detritos (Cuadro 1). Rojas en 1989 dentro de su trabajo “Entomofauna asociada a los detritos de Atta mexicana (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en una zona árida del centro de México”, reporta a una nueva especie del género Eremoblatta, quedando solamente como morfoespecies y referida así en Estrada-Álvarez (2013). Con la revisión de este material se describe esta nueva especie mirmecófila para México. El género Eremoblatta Rehn, 1903, es propuesto como subgénero de Homoeogamia Burmeister, 1838 por Rehn (1903) para contener a Homoeogamia subdiaphana Scudder, 1902 de EE. UU.; siendo Caudell en 1913, quien eleva el estatus a nivel de género. Hebard en 1917 describe la segunda especie Eremoblatta hirsuta Hebard, 1917, 4 Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) 36 (2020) de México. En la actualidad Eremoblatta contiene a solamente dos especies con una distribución netamente neartica, en zonas áridas de México y EE. UU. (Beccaloni, 2014; Princis, 1963). MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS El material tipo fue revisado embebido en alcohol al 70 %. Las patas derechas I-III del macho holotipo y hembra paratipo fueron disectadas, para una mejor revisión. El abdomen del holotipo
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