Southern Gulf of Carpentaria Sea Country Management, Needs and Issues
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Living on Consultation Saltwater Country: Report Southern Gulf of Carpentaria Sea Country Management, Needs and Issues Healthy oceans: cared for, understood and used wisely for the benefit of all, now and in the future. Healthy oceans: cared for, understood and used wisely for the Prepared by Paul Memmott & Graeme Channells of Paul Memmott & Associates in association with Aboriginal Environments Research Centre University of Queensland on behalf of Carpentaria Land Council Aboriginal Corporation Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander readers should be warned that this document may contain images of and quotes from deceased persons. TITLE: SOUTHERN GULF OF CARPENTARIA SEA COUNTRY NEEDS AND ISSUES RESEARCH COPYRIGHT © National Oceans Office, 2004 DISCLAIMER This paper is not intended to be used or relied upon for any purpose other than to inform the management of marine resources. The Traditional Owners and native title holders of the regions discussed in this report have not had the opportunity for comment on this document and it is not intended to have any bearing on their individual or group rights, but rather to provide an overview of the use and management of marine resources in the Northern Planning Area for the Northern regional marine planning process. The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the Australian Government. The Australian Government does not accept responsibility for the contents of this report. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander readers should be warned that this document may contain images of and quotes from deceased persons. SOURCING Copies of this report are available from: The National Oceans Office Level 1, 80 Elizabeth St, Hobart GPO Box 2139 Hobart TAS 7001 Tel: +61 3 6221 5000 Fax: +61 3 6221 5050 www.oceans.gov.au REPRODUCTION: Information in this report may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of acknowledgement of the source and provided no commercial usage or sale of the material occurs. Reproduction for purposes other than those given above requires written permission from the National Oceans Office. Requests for permission should be addressed to the Public Affairs Officer, National Oceans Office, GPO Box 2139, Hobart TAS 7001. CREDITS: Design: [email protected] Printing: PML Published by the National Oceans Office ISBN: 1-877043-47-8 Southern Gulf of Carpentaria Sea Country Needs and Issues Research List of contents List of Abbreviations ................................................. ii B Sea Knowledge Systems of the Acknowledgements ..................................................... ii Gangalidda and Garawa ......................................... 43 CHAPTER 1: AIMS AND METHODOLOGY .................... 1 1. Cosmology – Dreamtime – Creation – Relations of Material & Spiritual ........................ 43 Introduction .................................................................. 1 Australia’s Oceans Policy ............................................. 1 2. Knowledge of the geomorphic features The National Oceans Office & Regional Marine Planning . 1 of sea places .................................................... 44 Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Communities .............. 1 3. Knowledge of the personal lifecycle significance of sea places .................................... 44 Scoping Project ............................................................ 2 Aims of Scoping Project ............................................. 2 4. Knowledge of the economic significance The Role of the Carpentaria Land Council (CLC) ............ 4 of sea places, their flora and fauna and Consultants .............................................................. 4 the ritual and technology needed to manage Basic Assumptions ..................................................... 4 and exploit those resources ................................. 45 Identification of Traditional Owners .............................. 5 C. Saltwater Management and the roles of Methodology ................................................................ 5 Gangalidda and Garawa Traditional Owners ........... 46 Workshop Agenda ..................................................... 6 1. The Gangalidda and Garawa people consider that Attendance at Workshop ............................................ 6 they should have a degree of control of the use Reporting ................................................................. 7 of their traditional waters and that they could Proposed Outcomes of CLCAC Scoping Project ................. 7 contribute positively to its management ................ 46 CHAPTER 2: D. Issues raised at the Workshop of Garawa FINDINGS FROM THE LARDIL AND YANGKAAL .. 9 and Gangalidda Traditional Owners held 1. Saltwater Issues Problems and Concerns rd ........................................ of the Lardil and Yangkaal .................................... 9 on 3 September 2003 46 2. Sea Knowledge Systems Issues of Recognition and Authority ............................ 46 of the Lardil and Yangkaal ................................... 11 Issues of Regulation & Enforcement ............................ 46 3. Saltwater Management and the roles Issues of Waste ....................................................... 47 ............ of Lardil and Yangkaal Traditional Owners 23 Issues of Sharing ..................................................... 47 .................................. CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS FROM THE KAIADILT .......... 27 Issues of Consultation Strategy 47 Issues of Community Support & Resourcing ................. 47 1. Saltwater Issues, problems and concerns of the Kaiadilt ..................................................... 27 Land Issues ............................................................. 47 2. Sea Knowledge Systems of the Kaiadilt ................ 29 CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS FROM THE KURTIJAR, 3. Saltwater Management and the roles GKUTHAARN AND KUKATJ ...................................... 49 of Kaiadilt Traditional Owners ............................... 31 A. Identity, Saltwater Interests and History 4. Kaiadilt Issues, raised at Workshop on 3/9/03 .. 32 of the Kukatj, Gkuthaarn and Kurtijar ................. 49 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS FROM THE GANGALIDDA 1. Identity of the Kukatj, Gkuthaarn and Kurtijar . 49 AND GARAWA ........................................................... 37 2. Saltwater Dependence of the Kukatj, A. Saltwater Issues, problems and concerns Gkuthaarn and Kurtijar ....................................... 50 of the Gangalidda and Garawa .............................. 37 3. Contact History of the Kukatj, Gkuthaarn, 1. Issue of Territorial Boundaries at Sea .................... 37 Kurtijar and Related Groups ................................. 53 2. Issues of Recognition and Authority of the Gangalidda and Garawa People ................... 37 B. Saltwater Issues, Problems and Concerns of the 3. Issues of Concern for the State of the Kukatj, Gkuthaarn and Kurtijar and their Roles in Environment: Gangalidda and Garawa want Saltwater Management .......................................... 59 to manage their own seas in order to be able to protect their ‘country’ ............................. 39 CHAPTER 6: SUMMARY OF SEA COUNTRY REGIONAL ISSUES FOR SOUTH-EASTERN 4. Gangalidda and Garawa Proprietaryy Rights – GULF OF CARPENTARIA ........................................... 65 the Right to Decide ........................................... 39 1. Bottom-line issues ................................................. 65 5. Gangalidda and Garawa Opposition to Inappropriate ..................................... Usage of Traditional Coastal Lands & Seas ............ 40 2. Southern Gulf Ocean Plan 66 ................................. 6. Special Sites ..................................................... 42 3. Operational Steps and Goals 67 7. Proprietary Knowledge of Country ......................... 43 APPENDIX 1: REGIONAL MARINE PLANNING – NORTHERN PLANNING AREA ................................... 69 APPENDIX 2: MINUTES OF WORKSHOP AT GUNUNA, ND RD SEPTEMBER 2 AND 3 , 2003 ............................... 73 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................... 87 i Southern Gulf of Carpentaria Sea Country Needs and Issues Research List of abbreviations AFMA Australian Fisheries Management Authority Acknowledgements ATSEF Arafura and Timor Seas Expert Forum • CLCAC staff and personnel who have assisted:- ATSIC Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pauline Fietz, Kelly Gardner. Commission • Ms Chantal Roder of the National Oceans Office AUST Australia for her assistance with the Gununa Workshop. CDEP Community Development Employment Project • Other PMA staff who assisted with the project:- CLC Carpentaria Land Council Steve Long (workshop facilitation), CLCAC Carpentaria Land Council Aboriginal Lee Sheppard (word processing). Corporation CRA Conzinc Rio Tinto CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation CYLC Cape York Land Council CZL Century Zinc Limited DOGIT Deed of Grant in Trust Envt Environment GIS Geographical Information System h.p. horse power ILUA Indigenous Land Use Agreement LSM Land and Sea Management M Mother M.I. Mornington Island MoU Memorandum of Understanding NHT National Heritage Trust NLC Northern Land Council NORMAC Northern Management Advisory Committee (Commonwealth Fisheries) NPA Northern Planning Area NRMP Northern Regional Marine Plan NSW New South Wales NT Northern Territory PBC Prescribed Body Corporate PMA Paul Memmott & Associates QLD Queensland