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Autumn Department of Physics Newsletter Issue
Autumn 2018, Number 13 Department of Physics Newsletter BEECROFT BUILDING OFFICIAL OPENING BEAUTIFUL HIGGS BOSON DECAYS MAGNETIC PINWHEELS EXTREME BEAM CONTROL COSMIC SHOCKS IN THE LABORATORY PEOPLE, EVENTS AND MORE www.physics.ox.ac.uk PROUD WINNERS OF: SCIENCE NEWS SCIENCE NEWS www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research www.physics.ox.ac.uk/research BEAUTIFUL HIGGS BOSON EXTREME BEAM CONTROL An Oxford team has succeeded in stabilising the arrival time of a ‘relativistic’ beam of electrons, travelling at almost the speed of light, to 50 femtoseconds. This overcomes one of the major challenges facing the proposed DECAYS Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). On 28 August 2018 the ATLAS and Higgs from the background. These Standard Model, the prevailing theory CMS collaborations announced, with results were used in the final Tevatron of particle physics. If this prediction had a seminar at CERN, the observation of combination, which reached almost turned out to be incorrect, it would have the Higgs boson decaying into pairs of three standard deviations in 2012, not shaken the foundations of the Standard beauty (b) quarks. Both experiments enough for a discovery. Model and pointed to new physics. at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Instead, this is an important milestone had surpassed the five standard and a beautiful confirmation of the EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION deviations (sigma) mark for this process, so-called 'Yukawa couplings', which in Prof Daniela Bortoletto which is the convention in particle Goethe said: ‘Not art and science the Standard Model give masses to all Head of Particle Physics physics to claim a discovery. Five- serve alone; patience must in the quarks and leptons, the building blocks sigma corresponds to a probability of work be shown.’ It was with patience, of matter. -
Fully Understanding the Top Quark
21 Top quark working group report Conveners: K. Agashe, R. Erbacher, C. E. Gerber, K. Melnikov, R. Schwienhorst. Contacts by topic: A. Mitov, M. Vos, S. Wimpenny (top mass); J. Adelman, M. Baumgart, A. Garcia-Bellido. A. Loginov (top couplings); A. Jung, M. Schulze, J. Shelton (kinematics); N. Craig, M. Velasco (rare decays); T. Golling, J. Hubisz, A. Ivanov, M. Perelstein (new particles); S. Chekanov, J. Dolen, J. Pilot, R. P¨oschl, B. Tweedie (detector/algorithm). Contributors: S. Alioli, B. Alvarez-Gonzalez, D. Amidei, T. Andeen, A. Arce, B. Auerbach, A. Avetisyan, M. Backovic, Y. Bai, M. Begel, S. Berge, C. Bernard, C. Bernius, S. Bhattacharya, K. Black, A. Blondel, K. Bloom, T. Bose, J. Boudreau, J. Brau, A. Broggio, G. Brooijmans, E. Brost, R. Calkins, D. Chakraborty, T. Childress, G. Choudalakis, V. Coco, J.S. Conway, C. Degrande, A. Delannoy, F. Deliot, L. Dell'Asta, E. Drueke, B. Dutta, A. Effron, K. Ellis, J. Erdmann, J. Evans, C. Feng, E. Feng, A. Ferroglia, K. Finelli, W. Flanagan, I. Fleck, A. Freitas, F. Garberson, R. Gonzalez Suarez, M. L. Graesser, N. Graf, Z. Greenwood, J. George, C. Group, A. Gurrola, G. Hammad, T. Han, Z. Han, U. Heintz, S. Hoeche, T. Horiguchi, I. Iashvili, A. Ismail, S. Jain, P. Janot, W. Johns, J. Joshi, A. Juste, T. Kamon, C. Kao, Y. Kats, A. Katz, M. Kaur, R. Kehoe, W. Keung, S. Khalil, A. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, N. Kidonakis, C. Kilic, N. Kolev, A. Kotwal, J. Kraus, D. Krohn, M. Kruse, A. Kumar, S. Lee, E. Luiggi, S. Mantry, A. Melo, D. -
Full TIPP 2011 Program Book
Second International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics June 9-14, 2011 Program & Abstracts Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago IL ii TIPP 2011 — June 9-14, 2011 Table of Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................... v Session Conveners ...................................................................................................................................vii Session Chairs .......................................................................................................................................... ix Agenda ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstracts .................................................................................................................................................. 35 Poster Abstracts ..................................................................................................................................... 197 Abstract Index ........................................................................................................................................ 231 Poster Index ........................................................................................................................................... 247 Author List ............................................................................................................................................. -
How and Why Silicon Sensors Are Becoming More and More Intelligent?
How and why silicon sensors are becoming more and more intelligent? Daniela Bortolettoa a Physics Department, University of Oxford Keble Road, Oxford, UK E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: This paper describes the historical evolution of silicon detectors from simple strip configurations to hybrid pixel detectors for high energy physics applications. This development has been critical to maintain the necessary physics performance in the high-rate and high- density environment of the LHC. The importance of pixel detectors and their evolution for future projects and other fields is also described. KEYWORDS: Si microstrip and pixel detectors Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Strip Sensors 2 3. Pixel Sensors 5 3.1 Hybrid pixel 6 3.2 Hybrid pixel for X-ray detection 8 4. Fully depleted Thick CCD 8 5. New Directions 9 6. Acknowledgments 10 1. Introduction Silicon is the dominant semiconductor material used in the production of position sensitive detectors for particle physics. The moderate band gap between the conduction and the valence band of 1.12 eV is large compared to the thermal energy at room temperature of 25.9 meV. Therefore cooling is necessary only in ultra-low noise applications or when required to mitigate radiation damage. The detection of minimum ionizing particles (MIP) is based on ionisation or excitation of atoms in the medium caused by the passage of charged particles. The energy required to create an electron-hole (e-h) pair is 3.6 eV yielding an ionization of about 80 e- h/µm. Thus silicon detector can be quite thin compared with gaseous detectors. -
Advanced Multi-Variate Analysis Methods for New Physics Searches at the Large Hadron Collider
Advanced Multi-Variate Analysis Methods for New Physics Searches at the Large Hadron Collider Anna Stakiaa, Tommaso Dorigob, Giovanni Banellic, Daniela Bortolettod, Alessandro Casae, Pablo de Castrob,p, Christophe Delaeref, Julien Doninig, Livio Finosh, Michele Gallinaroi, Andrea Giammancof, Alexander Heldj, Fabricio Jim´enezMoralesk, Grzegorz Kotkowskil, Seng Pei Liewc, Fabio Maltonif, Giovanna Menardil, Ioanna Papavergoum, Alessia Saggion, Bruno Scarpao, Giles C. Strongb,p, Cecilia Tosciriq, Jo~aoVarelai, Pietro Vischiaf, Andreas Weilerc aInstitute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, National Centre for Scientific Research `Demokritos', Athens, Greece bIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, Italy cPhysics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany dDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford, UK eSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Ireland fCentre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology (CP3), Universit´ecatholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium gLaboratoire de Physique de Clermont, Universit´eClermont Auvergne, IN2P3/CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand, France hDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Italy iLaborat´oriode Instrumenta¸c~aoe F´ısica Experimental de Part´ıculas,LIP Lisbon, Portugal jNew York University, USA kLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS, Ecole´ polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France. lDepartment of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy mNational and Kapodistrian University -
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title A Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decays of the 125 GeV Higgs Boson with Hadronically Decaying Tau Leptons in the 20.3 fb^{-1}, \sqrt{s} = 8 TeV Dataset Collected in 2012 by the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61v9g15z Author Clarke, Robert Najem Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California A Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decays of the 125 GeVp Higgs Boson with Hadronically Decaying Tau Leptons in the 20.3 fb−1, s = 8 TeV Dataset Collected in 2012 by the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by Robert Najem Clarke A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Marjorie D. Shapiro, Chair Professor Robert G. Jacobsen Professor Karl A. van Bibber Spring 2016 A Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decays of the 125 GeVp Higgs Boson with Hadronically Decaying Tau Leptons in the 20.3 fb−1, s = 8 TeV Dataset Collected in 2012 by the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider Copyright 2016 by Robert Najem Clarke 1 Abstract A Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decays of thep 125 GeV Higgs Boson with Hadronically Decaying Tau Leptons in the 20.3 fb−1, s = 8 TeV Dataset Collected in 2012 by the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by Robert Najem Clarke Doctor of Philosophy in Physics University of California, Berkeley Professor Marjorie D. -
The Oxford Particle Physics Program
The Oxford Particle Physics Program D. Bortoletto 30.11.2016 Graduate Opportunities 1 Oxford is addressing the science drivers of particle physics Higgs as a new tool for Identify the new discovery physics of dark matter The physics of Explore the unknown: new particles and new interactions Understanding cosmic Neutrino mass acceleration 2 Outline • Particle Physics Groups @ Oxford addresses these drivers through: – ATLAS Experiment – LHCb Experiment – Neutrino Experiments – Dark Matter Searches – Many detector based projects – For full list, look here: http://www2.physics.ox.ac.uk/study- here/postgraduates/particle-physics/thesis-topics 3 The Standard Model • 1964 SM Theory • 1984 LHC Design • 1996 Start LHC construction • 2009: first collisions 2013 4 Why look beyond the Standard Model? § Experimental Evidence § Non-baryonic dark matter (~23%) § Inferred from gravitational effects § Rotational speed of galaxies § Orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters § Gravitational lensing § ….. § Dark Energy (~73%) § Accelerated Expansion of the Universe § Neutrinos have mass and mix § Baryon asymmetry § ….. 5 Why look beyond the Standard Model? § Experimental Evidence § Non-baryonic dark matter (~23%) § Inferred from gravitational effects § Rotational speed of galaxies § Orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters § Gravitational lensing § ….. § Dark Energy (~73%) § Accelerated Expansion of the Universe § Neutrinos have mass and mix § Baryon asymmetry § ….. 6 Why look beyond the Standard Model? § Aesthetic/Theoretical Reasons § Hierarchy problem -
P5 Membership
Professor Daniela Bortoletto to help plan the future of elementary particle and astro-particle physics. Professor Daniela Bortoletto is one of 21 physicists appointed by the Department of Energy (DoE) to develop a roadmap for the next decade and beyond for the entire field of elementary particle and astro-particle physics in the United States, within the context of world wide developments in these fields. Particle physics seeks to answer fundamental questions about the formation, evolution and fate of the Universe. This endeavor is funded by the DoE and the National Science Foundation at 800 million dollars annually. Professor Bortoletto will serve on the Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5). The P5 roadmap includes a study of neutrinos the ghost-like particles produced in radioactive decays, the mysterious substance known as dark matter which binds our Universe and the even more mysterious dark energy which drives the Universe apart. P5 will consider opportunities for discovery at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Geneva, Switzerland, which begins operation in 2007, and the R&D needed to build the next generation accelerator, the International Linear Collider expected to start operation in about ten years. Major discoveries will be made the next two decades and it is critical that the U.S. maintains its preeminent position in this essential scientific field. P5 will make its recommendations to HEPAP the joint DoE NSF High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. The final recommendations will be submitted by HEPAP to the DoE and NSF. Professor Daniela Bortoletto Professor Bortoletto has been a faculty member at Purdue since 1992. -
Boosting Higgs Pair Production in the $ B\Bar {B} B\Bar {B} $ Final State With
OUTP-15-14P Boosting Higgs Pair Production in the b¯bb¯b Final State with Multivariate Techniques J. Katharina Behr, Daniela Bortoletto, James A. Frost, Nathan P. Hartland, Cigdem Issever and Juan Rojo Physics Department, 1 Keble Road, University of Oxford, United Kingdom Abstract The measurement of Higgs pair production will be a cornerstone of the LHC program in the coming years. Double Higgs production provides a crucial window upon the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking and has a unique sensitivity to the Higgs trilinear coupling. We study the feasibility of a measurement of Higgs pair production in the b¯bb¯b final state at the LHC. Our analysis is based on a combination of traditional cut-based methods with state-of-the-art multivariate techniques. We account for all relevant backgrounds, including the contributions from light and charm jet mis-identification, which are ultimately comparable in size to the irreducible 4b QCD background. We demonstrate the robustness of our analysis strategy in a −1 highp pileup environment. For an integrated luminosity of L = 3 ab , a signal significance of S= B ' 3 is obtained, indicating that the b¯bb¯b final state alone could allow for the observation of double Higgs production at the High Luminosity LHC. arXiv:1512.08928v3 [hep-ph] 20 Jun 2016 1 1 Introduction The measurement of double Higgs production will be one of the central physics goals of the LHC program in its recently started high-energy phase, as well as for its future high-luminosity upgrade (HL-LHC) which aims to accumulate a total integrated luminosity of 3 ab−1 [1,2]. -
Physics Interactions 2008
PURDUE UNIVERSITY A NEWSLETTER HIGHLIGHTING THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AT PURDUE UNIVERSITY 2008 Inside The LHC 3 New Faculty Revolution 4 Faculty Honors A new era in particle physics 6 Physics News 10 Student Awards 11 Alumni News Photo by Maximilien Brice, © CERN View of the CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) experiment Tracker Outer Barrel (TOB). This is one of two general-purpose LHC experiments designed to explore the physics of the Terascale, the energy region where physicists believe they will find answers to the central questions at the heart of 21st-century particle physics. (page 8) Q, s Fromfrom the HeadHead s you read this new issue of Physics Interactions, you’ll see that much has happened in the Department over the past year. The AUniversity and College of Science have both adopted new stra- tegic plans during the past few months, and we are now finalizing a new Department strategic plan. In constructing our plan, we have engaged the entire department to set priorities and goals, and decide on strategies. An important part of this process was the external review of the Department, which was conducted in April of this year. At that time, a committee of physicists from outside the University spent two days meeting with faculty, students, and staff. While the review committee had much good advice, they also strongly endorsed our plans for the future. It is thus appropriate that this issue of Physics Interactions is focused squarely on the future. One key to the future is the recruitment of new faculty, and we are very pleased to report that four new faculty members are joining our Department this year (see page 3). -
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A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/134997 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications Search for heavy neutral MSSM Higgs bosons in the di-tau final state with the ATLAS detector by Adomas Jelinskas Thesis Submitted to the University of Warwick for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Physics January 2019 Contents List of Tables iv List of Figures vi Acknowledgments xii Declarations xiii Abstract xiv Chapter 1 Theoretical Description of Particle Physics 1 1.1 Standard Model Particles . .2 1.2 Standard Model Structure . .8 1.2.1 Local Gauge Symmetry . 10 1.2.2 Asymptotic Freedom . 13 1.3 Brout-Englert-Higgs Mechanism . 14 1.4 Fermion masses and the CKM matrix . 17 1.5 Proton-Proton Collisions . 19 1.6 Supersymmetry . 21 1.6.1 The Fine-Tuning Problem . 23 1.6.2 Supersymmetry . 25 1.7 Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model . 28 1.7.1 Soft SUSY Breaking . 31 1.7.2 MSSM Higgs Sector . 31 1.8 MSSM Benchmark Scenarios . 32 1.9 Searches for MSSM Higgs Bosons . 36 i Chapter 2 ATLAS Experiment and the Large Hadron Collider 39 2.1 Large Hadron Collider . -
Delegate List Name Affiliation Deshan Abhayasinghe
Delegate List Name Affiliation Deshan Abhayasinghe Royal Holloway, University of London, UK Atreya Acharyya Durham University, UK Paolo Agnes Royal Holloway, University of London, UK & University of Houston, USA Ahmad Alrheli Univeristy of Sheffield, UK Luca Ambroz University of Oxford, UK Matthew Anthony University Of Sheffield, UK Edward Atkin Imperial College London, UK Thomas Bache University of Birmingham, UK Dominic Barker University of Sheffield, UK Martin M. Bauer Durham University, UK Lydia Beresford University of Oxford, UK Tracey Berry Royal Holloway, University of London, UK Agni Bethani University of Manchester, UK Eshwen Bhal University of Bristol, UK Mikkel Bjørn University of Oxford, UK Grahame Blair STFC, UK Andrew Blake Lancaster University, UK Ulla Blumenschein Queen Mary, University of London, UK Veronique Boisvert Royal Holloway, University of London, UK Marcella Bona Queen Mary, University of London, UK Tommaso Boschi Queen Mary, University of London, UK Tom Brooks University of Sheffield, UK David Brown STFC, UK Lorraine Buck STFC, UK Matteo Ceschia University College London, UK Wai Yuen Chan University of Liverpool, UK Wai Yuen Chan University of Liverpool, UK David Charlton University of Birmingham, UK Herschel Chawdhry University of Cambridge, UK Name Affiliation John Cobbledick University of Manchester, UK Kathryn Coldham Brunel University London, UK Jonathon Coleman University of Liverpool, UK David Colling Imperial College London, UK Naomi Cooke University of Birmingham, UK Garret Cotter University of Oxford,