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Checklist of the Trees Native to Florida

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Checklist of the Trees Native to Florida Page 8, THE PALMETTO, Winter 1990 Checklist of the 1rees Native to Florida by Daniel B. Ward Trees are the dominant elements of any flora. The State of Florida is blessed with an abundance of trees, not only as to the proportion of ou r land that they cover, but as to the many species that they represent. All persons who value Sand Pine Pinus clausa the environment, and gain satisfaction from understanding oftheir natural sur• roundings, take pride in knowing the names of the trees around them. And, since one always has greater pride in wha.t is one's own, the trees native to Florida, in contrast to those introduced to the state from other lands, are of para• mount importance and greatest interest to Floridians. The following listing consists of the 276 tree species native to Florida, each with its accepted scientific name, its usual common name, and itsfamily. This the impression given by the massive to the state, though often with scientific listing was obtained by querying the intrusion of the cajeput, or punk-tree names that differ from current usage. computerized data files in which infor• (Melaleuca quinquenervia) into the The informative but little known, The mation on the state's flora has been Everglades-are resisting domination by Biology of TreesNative to Tropical Florida stored, a technique that permits rapid introduced species somewhat better (Tomlinson, 1980),and the authoritative than the flora as a whole. preparation of accu rate and complete Trees,Shrubs, and Woody Vines of Nor• tabulations of plants with special Judgments will differ somewhat as to thern Florida and Adjacent Georgia and characteristics. In a previous article in exactly which species, as found in Alabama (Godfrey, 1988)-though, as The Palmetto (Ward, 1990), this pro• Florida, are large enough to merit the their titles indicate, restricted to only the cedure was used to count the number designation of 'tree:' The present listing trees of selected portions of the state• of species represented in the Florida generally accepts the definition provid• provide detailed descriptions, keys,and vascular flora (3,448), the number of ed by the Checklist of United States nu merous illustrations. species native to Florida (2,523),and the Trees(Little, 1979),which considers trees Dr. Daniel B. Ward, a founding mem• number of species introduced to the to be "woody plants having one erect state (925). perennial stem or trunk at least 3 inches ber of FNPS, is a professor of botany at the University of Florida. He has These numbers, of course, are valid (75 centimeters) in diameter at breast height (41/2feet or 1.3meters), a more or written many papers and publications only for the moment, and will require on the flora of Florida. His Checklist revision as investigation of Florida's less definitely formed crown of foliage, and a height of at least 13feet (4meters):' of the Woody Cu Itivated Plants of plants continues. Additional species are Florida, which lists 1,979species, writ• certain to be found, most of them new• However, a number of the species in• cluded in that national checklist seem ten with Derek Burch and David \!\I. Hall, ly introduced but perhaps a few that never to reach tree size in Florida and are is available from your local Cooperative have resided here for many years with• Extension Service. out being encountered by a botanist. omitted from the present listing; among The numbers can also be predicted to these are small-flowered pawpaw (Asi• REFERENCES mina parviflora), witch hazel (Hamamelis change asnew understanding of familiar Godfrey, Robert K. 1988.Trees, Shrubs, and virginiana), and bluestem palmetto species causes some names to disap• Woody Vines of Northern Florida and Adja• (Sabal minor). At least two species that pear or arise as species are combined cent Georgia and Alabama. Univ. of Georgia or divided. generally are not thought to attain tree Press, Athens. 734 pp. With the current numbers, the 276tree stature are included here-several spind• Little, E.L.Jr.1979.Checklist of United States ly but tree-sized plants of indigo-bush species native to Florida represent 11% Trees (Native and Natu ral ized). Agric. of the state's native flora. Although not (Amorpha fruticosa) are known in Handbk. no. 541, Forest Serv., U. S. Dept. listed here, the data files also contain the Marion County, and the Florida privet Agric. 375 pp. names of 68 introduced trees that have (Forestiera segregata) is sometimes Tomlinson, P. B. 1980. The Biology of Trees become naturalized and are now prop• found asa small tree along the northeast Native to Tropical Florida. Harvard Univ., Florida coast. Petersham, MA. 480 pp. erlya part of our flora. The entire Florida tree flora therefore consists of 344 Severalexcellent books addressing the Ward, D. B.1990.How many plant species are state's trees are available. The familiar native to Florida? The Palmetto 9(4):3-5. species, 80% of which are native and classic, The Native Treesof Florida (West 20% introduced. The earlier study sug• West, E., L. E.Arnold. 1956.The Native Trees & Arnold, 1956), illustrates and briefly of Florida. Univ. of Florida Press,Gainesville. gested 27% of the Florida flora is in• describes most of the tree species native 218 pp. troduced; the trees-notwithstanding 1 CHECKLIST OF THE TREES NATIVE TO FLORIDA Compiled by Daniel B. Ward (Scientific name, Family, Common Name) (Pull out checklist for field use.) Torreya taxifolia o Acacia choriophyl/a Benth. o Bumelia Iycioides (L.) Pers. Leguminosae = Fabaceae Cinnecord Sapotaceae Buckthorn o Acacia macracantha Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. o Bumelia tenax (L.) Willd. Leguminosae = Fabaceae Long-spine Acacia Sapotaceae Tough Buckthorn o Acer f10ridanum (Chapm.) Pax o Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. BLJrseraceae Gumbo-limbo Aceraceae Florida Maple o Acer leucoderme Small o Byrsonima lucida (Mill.) DC. Aceraceae Chalk Maple Malpighiaceae Locust-berry o Acer negundo L. o Calyptranthes pal/ens Griseb. Aceraceae Box Elder Myrtaceae Spicewood o Acer rubrum L. o Calyptranthes zuzygium (L.) Sw. Aceraceae Red Maple Myrtaceae Myrtle-ot-the-river o Acer saccharinum L. o Canel/a winterana (L.) Gaertn. Canellaceae Aceraceae Silver Maple Wild Cinnamon o Acoelorrhaphe wrightii (Griseb. & Wendl.) Becc. o Capparis cynophal/ophora L. Palmae = Arecaceae Paurotis Palm Capparaceae Jamaica Caper o Aesculus pavia L. o Capparis f1exuosa L. Hippocastanaceae Red Buckeye Capparaceae Limber Caper o Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd. o Carica papaya L. Betulaceae Hazel Alder Caricaceae Papaya o Alvaradoa amorphoides Liebm. o Carpinus caroliniana Walt. Simaroubaceae Mexican Alvaradoa Betulaceae Blue Beech o Amelanchier arborea (Michx. t.) Fern. o Carya aquatica (Michx. t.) Nutt. Rosaceae Serviceberry Juglandaceae Water Hickory o Amorpha fruticosa L. o Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Leguminosae = Fabaceae Indigo-bush Juglandaceae Bitternut Hickory o Amphitecna latifolia (Mill.) Gentry o Carya f10ridana Sarg. Bignoniaceae Black Calabash Juglandaceae Scrub Hickory o Amyris balsamifera L. o Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet Rutaceae Balsam Torchwood Juglandaceae Pignut Hickory o Amyris elemifera L. o Carya pallida (Ashe) Engl. & Graebn. Rutaceae Torchwood Juglandaceae Sand Hickory o Annona glabra L. o Carya tomentosa (Poir. in Lam.) Nutt. Annonaceae Pond Apple Juglandaceae Mockernut Hickory o Aralia spinosa L. o Casasia clusiifolia (Jacq.) Urban Araliaceae Devil's-walkingstick Rubiaceae Seven-year Apple o Ardisia escal/onioides Schlecht. & Cham. o Castanea alnifolia Nutt. Myrsinaceae Marlberry Fataceae Southern Chinquapin o Asimina obovata (Willd.) Nash o Castanea ashei (Sudw.) Ashe Annonaceae Flag Pawpaw Fagaceae Ashe Chinquapin o Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal o Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Annonaceae Pawpaw Bignoniaceae Catalpa o Ateramnus lucidus (Sw.) Rothm. o Celtis laevigata Willd. Euphorbiaceae Crabwood Ulmaceae Sugarberry o Avicennia germinans (L.) L. o Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. Avicenniaceae Black Mangrove Ulmaceae Georgia Hackberry o Baccharis halimifolia L. o Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Compositae = Asteraceae Common Saltbush Rubiaceae Buttonbush o Betula nigra L. o Cercis canadensis L. Betulaceae River Birch Leguminosae = Fabaceae Redbud o Bourreria ovata Miers o Cereus robinii (L Benson Boraginaceae Bahama Strongback Cacaceae Key Tree Cactus o Bourreria radula (Poir. in Lam.) G. Don o Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) BSP. Boraginaceae Rough Strong back Cupressaceae o Bumelia anomala (Sarg.) R.B. Clark o Chionanthus virginicus L. Sapotaceae Alachua Buckthorn Oleaceae Fringe-tree o Bumelia celastrina HBK. o Chrysobalanus icaco L. Sapotaceae Saffron Plum Chrysobalanaceae Coco Plum o Bumelia lanuginosa (Michx.) Pers. o Chrysophyl/um oliviforme L. Sapotaceae Woolly Buckthorn Sapotaceae 2 o Citharexy/um fruticosum L. o Exostema caribaeum (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. Verbenaceae Fiddlewood Rubiaceae Princewood o Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg. o Exothea panicu/ata (Juss.) Radlk. Cyrillaceae Buckwheat-treeSapindaceae Butterbough DC/usia rosea Jacq. o Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Guttiferae = Clusiaceae Balsam Apple Fagaceae Beech o Cocc%ba diversifolia Jacq. o Ficus aurea Nutt. Polygonaceae Pigeon Plum Moraceae Strangler Fig o Cocc%ba uvifera (L.) L. o Ficus citrifo/ia Mill. Polygonaceae Sea Grape Moraceae Wild Banyan o Coccothrinax argentata (Jacq.) Bailey o Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir. in Lam. Palmae = Arecaceae Silver Palm Oleaceae Swamp Privet o Co/ubrina arborescens (Mill.) Sarg. o Forestiera segregata (Jacq.) Krug & Urban Rhamnaceae Coffee Colubrina Oleaceae Florida Privet o Co/ubrina
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