Design Strategies
• Figurative Language: 4 tropes or classes – Irony: incongruity between words & meaning – Metaphor: comparison implying likeness between two disparate concepts – Synecdoche: substitution of part for whole or the whole for the part – Metonymy: symbolic substitution of attribute or symbol for a concrete “thing”
Design Strategies
• Literal Language: “It’s raining hard” • Figurative Language: 4 tropes or classes – Irony: “Lovely weather we’re having” – Metaphor: “It’s raining cats and dogs” – Synecdoche: “The drops are really coming .down” – Metonymy: “It’s umbrella weather”
1 Personality Type & Trope Style
1. Identify your primary trope style 2. Identify your secondary trope styles 3. Identify your least likely trope style
Design Strategies: Group Exercises
• Define a universal theme & brief details – First Love / Eternal Love / Love Lost – Unattainable Love – Infidelity – Social Class, Headline, Famous Person or Event, etc. • Find a Cliché as a workable theme. – Grass is greener on the other side – Can’t judge a book by its cover
2 Design Strategies: Metaphor
• Verbal equation comparing two unusual concepts with distant link • Right brain holistic mode to compare similarities and synthesize new comparison • Examples of metaphors in songs? • Specific types of metaphors: – Simile: tentative or weaker metaphor using like, as, or than – Personification - examples
Design Strategies: Metaphor
•Exercise: – Use ROADTRIP as a metaphor to design a lyric layout for your universal theme – Complete the metaphor – Realistic comparisons
3 Design Strategies: Synecdoche
• Substitutes the part for the whole (more common) or the whole for the part • Left brain mode (analytical) identify key components and parts of the whole • The substitution must embody the whole • Examples: – Sailing – The canvas can do miracles – A bottle full of bubbles = ?
Design Strategies: Metonymy
• External attribute or symbol for a concrete object • Can be confused with synecdoche - more abstract, not directly connected • Combination of left & right brain modes • Possession for possessor • Place for place’s identity • Container for the contained • Creator for the creation
4 Design Strategies: Metonymy
• Enactment – cause for effect •Exercise: – Identify an effect of your universal theme and then visualize the specifics to come up with metonymy
Design Strategies: Irony
• Paradox – overstatement - understatement • Pun – word play – words pronounced the same with different meanings • Examples: – Train – teach, vehicle, line, link of ideas – Blue, blew • Double entendre – double meaning, symbolism – often used in sex plots / themes • Pitfall – have to hear the pun and connection
5 Design Strategies Add Depth
• Majority of song lyrics are either: • Plot / story-line driven lyrics OR emotion driven lyrics
• Go to the library and search the periodicals and go online and look at headlines and create examples of each of the 4 design strategies • For this afternoon (2 PM): bring back headlines and / or article descriptions used to create your examples
• Framing Strategies & Plot Categories are the nuts & bolts assembly of the lyric composition
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