Section IV- Cumulative Impact Assessment Contents Page Introduction
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Adenostoma Fasciculatum (Chamise), Arctostaphylos Canescens (Hoary Manzanita), and Arctostaphylos Virgata (Marin Manzanita) Alison S
The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Projects and Capstones Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects 5-20-2016 Preserving Biodiversity for a Climate Change Future: A Resilience Assessment of Three Bay Area Species--Adenostoma fasciculatum (Chamise), Arctostaphylos canescens (Hoary Manzanita), and Arctostaphylos virgata (Marin Manzanita) Alison S. Pollack University of San Francisco, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biology Commons, Botany Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, and the Other Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Pollack, Alison S., "Preserving Biodiversity for a Climate Change Future: A Resilience Assessment of Three Bay Area Species-- Adenostoma fasciculatum (Chamise), Arctostaphylos canescens (Hoary Manzanita), and Arctostaphylos virgata (Marin Manzanita)" (2016). Master's Projects and Capstones. 352. https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone/352 This Project/Capstone is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Projects and Capstones by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 This Master's Project Preserving Biodiversity for a Climate Change Future: A Resilience Assessment of Three Bay Area Species--Adenostoma fasciculatum (Chamise), Arctostaphylos canescens (Hoary Manzanita), and Arctostaphylos virgata (Marin Manzanita) by Alison S. Pollack is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of: Master of Science in Environmental Management at the University of San Francisco Submitted: Received: ................................…………. -
95 Oak Ecosystem Restoration on Santa Catalina Island, California
95 QUANTIFICATION OF FOG INPUT AND USE BY QUERCUS PACIFICA ON SANTA CATALINA ISLAND Shaun Evola and Darren R. Sandquist Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA 92834 USA Email address for corresponding author (D. R. Sandquist): [email protected] ABSTRACT: The proportion of water input resulting from fog, and the impact of canopy dieback on fog-water input, was measured throughout 2005 in a Quercus pacifica-dominated woodland of Santa Catalina Island. Stable isotopes of oxygen were measured in water samples from fog, rain and soils and compared to those found in stem-water from trees in order to identify the extent to which oak trees use different water sources, including fog drip, in their transpirational stream. In summer 2005, fog drip contributed up to 29 % of water found in the upper soil layers of the oak woodland but oxygen isotope ratios in stem water suggest that oak trees are using little if any of this water, instead depending primarily on water from a deeper source. Fog drip measurements indicate that the oak canopy in this system actually inhibits fog from reaching soil underneath the trees; however, fog may contribute additional water in areas with no canopy. Recent observations on Santa Catalina show a significant decline in oak woodlands, with replacement by non-native grasslands. The results of this study indicate that as canopy dieback and oak mortality continue additional water may become available for these invasive grasses. KEYWORDS: Fog drip, oak woodland, Quercus pacifica, Santa Catalina Island, stable isotopes, water use. -
Quantifying Fog Contributions to Water Balance in a Coastal California Watershed
Received: 27 February 2017 Accepted: 11 August 2017 DOI: 10.1002/hyp.11312 RESEARCH ARTICLE How much does dry-season fog matter? Quantifying fog contributions to water balance in a coastal California watershed Michaella Chung1 Alexis Dufour2 Rebecca Pluche2 Sally Thompson1 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Abstract Davis Hall, Berkeley,CA 94720, USA The seasonally-dry climate of Northern California imposes significant water stress on ecosys- 2San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, 525 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco, CA tems and water resources during the dry summer months. Frequently during summer, the only 94102, USA water inputs occur as non-rainfall water, in the form of fog and dew. However, due to spa- Correspondence tially heterogeneous fog interaction within a watershed, estimating fog water fluxes to under- Michaella Chung, Department of Civil and stand watershed-scale hydrologic effects remains challenging. In this study, we characterized Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley,Davis Hall, Berkeley,CA the role of coastal fog, a dominant feature of Northern Californian coastal ecosystems, in a 94720, USA. San Francisco Peninsula watershed. To monitor fog occurrence, intensity, and spatial extent, Email: [email protected] we focused on the mechanisms through which fog can affect the water balance: throughfall following canopy interception of fog, soil moisture, streamflow, and meteorological variables. A stratified sampling design was used to capture the watershed's spatial heterogeneities in rela- tion to fog events. We developed a novel spatial averaging scheme to upscale local observations of throughfall inputs and evapotranspiration suppression and make watershed-scale estimates of fog water fluxes. -
Classification of the Vegetation of Point Reyes National Seashore Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Samuel P
Classification of the Vegetation of Point Reyes National Seashore Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Samuel P. Taylor, Mount Tamalpais, and Tomales State Parks, Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties, California Association for Biodiversity Information In Cooperation with The California Native Plant Society and California Heritage Program Wildlife and Habitat Data Analysis Branch California Department of Fish and Game 1307 R Street, Room 202 Sacramento, CA 95814 Revised June 2003 ABSTRACT: The National Park Service (NPS), in conjunction with the Biological Resources Division (BRD) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), has implemented a program to "develop a uniform hierarchical vegetation methodology" at a national level. The program will also create a geographic information system (GIS) database for the parks under its management. The purpose of the data is to document the state of vegetation within the NPS service area during the 1990's, thereby providing a baseline study for further analysis at the Regional or Service - wide level. The vegetation units of this map were determined through stereoscopic interpretation of aerial photographs supported by field sampling and ecological analysis. The vegetation boundaries were identified on the photographs by means of the photographic signatures and collateral information on slope, hydrology, geography, and vegetation in accordance with the Standardized National Vegetation Classification System (October 1995). The mapped vegetation reflects conditions that existed during the specific years and seasons that the aerial photographs were taken. Several sets of aerial photography were utilized for this project: 1) NOAA 1:24,000 March 1994 Natural Color Prints (Leaf Off) covering Point Reyes NS, the northern portion and southern coastal portions of Golden Gate NRA, and the western two thirds of Mt. -
Impact of Coastal Fog on Gage Height in an Old Growth
IMPACT OF COASTAL FOG ON GAGE HEIGHT IN AN OLD GROWTH REDWOOD FOREST - PRAIRIE CREEK, REDWOOD STATE AND NATIONAL PARKS By Koa Lavery A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Natural Resources: Forestry, Watershed and Wildland Studies Committee Membership Dr. Kristine Brenneman, Committee Chair Dr. Alison O’Dowd, Committee Member Dr. Raymond Burke, Committee Member Dr. Alison O’Dowd, Graduate Coordinator December 2015 ABSTRACT IMPACT OF COASTAL FOG ON GAGE HEIGHT IN PRAIRE CREEK IN AN OLD GROWTH REDWOOD FOREST Koa Lavery Streams have a diurnal fluctuation in quantity of flow that corresponds with rates of evapotranspiration. As much as 45% of water consumed by California coastal redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) appears to come from fog. The relation between fog and gage height was investigated for the first sixteen precipitation-free days of July, 2013 in the old growth portion of Prairie Creek Watershed in coastal northwestern California (Redwood National and State Parks). Satellite imagery was used to determine presence of fog and a pressure transducer was used to determine gage height in Prairie Creek near the confluence with Boyes Creek. This study tested the hypothesis that as fog increased, the diurnal fluctuation and typical summer downward trend of gage height (as a measure of stream flow) would be disrupted. A positive relation between fog and gage height was found. The relation between average daily fog coverage of watershed and diurnal fluctuation in gage height had an R squared of 0.3261. Fog coverage and time of day maximum gage height occurred had an even higher correlation (R squared 0.5295). -
Redwood Creek Watershed Assessment Final Report Redwood Creek Watershed Assessment
Final Report Redwood Creek Watershed Assessment Prepared for: Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Mason, Building 201 San Francisco, CA 94123-1307 Prepared by: Stillwater Sciences 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 400 Berkeley, CA 94705 and Horizon Water and Environment, LLC 1330 Broadway, Suite 424 Oakland, CA 94612 August 2011 Final Report Redwood Creek Watershed Assessment Prepared for: Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Mason, Building 201 San Francisco, CA 94123-1307 Contact: Michael Savidge (415) 561-4725 Prepared by: Stillwater Sciences 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 400 Berkeley, CA 94705 Contact: Amy Merrill (510) 848-8098 [email protected] and Horizon Water and Environment, LLC 1330 Broadway, Suite 424 Oakland, CA 94612 Contact: Michael Stevenson (510) 986-1852 [email protected] August 2011 Cover: Robin L. Changler’s Salmon Returning to Redwood Creek (copyright National Park Service) http://robinlchandler.wordpress.com/tag/bradley-john-monsma/ THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Goal and Objectives ......................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 The Vision Process .......................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Funding ........................................................................................................................... -
Post-Fire Analysis of Sequoia Sempervirens Forests on the Central Coast of California
San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Master's Theses Master's Theses and Graduate Research Spring 2011 Post-fire analysis of Sequoia sempervirens forests on the central coast of California Rachel Anne Lazzeri-Aerts San Jose State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses Recommended Citation Lazzeri-Aerts, Rachel Anne, "Post-fire analysis of Sequoia sempervirens forests on the central coast of California" (2011). Master's Theses. 3938. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.7vkb-pjep https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/3938 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses and Graduate Research at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POST-FIRE ANALYSIS OF SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS FORESTS ON THE CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Environmental Studies San Jose State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Rachel Anne Lazzeri-Aerts May 2011 © 2011 Rachel Anne Lazzeri-Aerts ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The Designated Thesis Committee Approves the Thesis Titled POST-FIRE ANALYSIS OF SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS FORESTS ON THE CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA by Rachel Anne Lazzeri-Aerts APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES SAN JOSÉ STATE UNIVERSITY May 2011 Dr. Will Russell Department of Environmental Studies Dr. Rachel O’Malley Department of Environmental Studies Dr. Lynne Trulio Department of Environmental Studies ABSTRACT POST-FIRE ANALYSIS OF SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS FORESTS ON THE CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA by Rachel Anne Lazzeri-Aerts The public perception of wildfire is that it destroys forests and that all fires should be quickly extinguished. -
Watersheds: the Caspar Creek Story Pacific Southwest May 6, 1998 Ukiah, California Research Station
United States Department Proceedings of the Conference on Coastal of Agriculture Forest Service Watersheds: The Caspar Creek Story Pacific Southwest May 6, 1998 Ukiah, California Research Station General Technical Report PSW-GTR-168 Publisher: Pacific Southwest Research Station Albany, California Forest Service Mailing address: U.S. Department of Agriculture PO Box 245, Berkeley CA 94701-0245 (510) 559-6300 http://www.psw.fs.fed.us/ techpub.html June 1998 Abstract Ziemer, Robert R., technical coordinator. 1998. Proceedings of the conference on coastal watersheds: the Caspar Creek Story; 6 May 1998; Ukiah, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-168. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 149 p. l These proceedings report on 36 years of research at the Caspar Creek Experimental Watershed, Jackson Demonstration State Forest in northwestern California. The 16 papers include discussions of streamflow, sediment production and routing, stream channel condition, soil moisture and subsurface water, nutrient cycling, aquatic and riparian habitat, streamside buffers, cumulative effects, monitoring. A detailed annotated bibliography of 107 papers from Caspar Creek is included. Retrieval Terms: cumulative effects, nutrient, paired-watersheds, riparian, sediment, soil moisture, streamflow Arctostaphylos patula, insects, arthropods, California Technical Coordinator Robert R. Ziemer is Project Leader and Chief Research Hydrologist at the Station’s Redwood Sciences Laboratory, 1700 Bayview Drive, Arcata, CA 95521. Acknowledgments Since 1961, research at the Caspar Creek Experimental Watersheds, located on the Jackson Demonstration State Forest, has been a cooperative venture between the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection and the USDA Forest Service’s Pacific Southwest Research Station (Agreement 12-11-0215-19). -
The Occurrence and Utilization of Fog
THE OCCURRENCE AND UTILIZATION OF FOG. by DEREK WILLIAM HAYES B.Sc, University of Hull, 19-69. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OE ARTS in the Department of Geography. We accept this! thesis as; conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA May, 1970 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of GEOGRAPHY The University of British Columbia Vancouver 8, Canada 16th June, 1970. ii ABSTRACT. The thesis is proposed that, under certain favourable conditions, water may be deposited from fogs on» to plants, and utilized by them. Where other sources of water are scarce, this; addition may be critical for their survival. The physical characteristics, and the spatial and temporal occurrence of fogs are discussed. An attempt is made to define some of the associated meteorological conditions, and some of the causal mechanisms, of certain common fog types, by a detailed analysis of the temporal coincidence of fog and certain meteorological parameters at Vancouver International Airport. This; information is? then used to construct a conditional probability model for' the prediction of fog occurrence. -
Fog Collection on Plant Surfaces and Biomimetic Applications
Fog Collection on Plant Surfaces and Biomimetic Applications Dissertation Zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. rer. nat.) der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn vorgelegt von Md. Abul Kalam Azad aus Satkhira, Bangladesh Bonn, Januar 2016 Angefertigt mit Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Barthlott 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Kerstin Koch Tag der Promotion: 18.04.2016 Erscheinungsjahr: 2016 I II Dedicated to the martyrs of the liberation war of Bangladesh,1971 and the people living in the water stressed regions of the world III IV Contents 1. General introduction .................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Fog in arid regions: a neglected source of water................................................................. 1 1.2. History of fog collection ....................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Existing technologies for fog collection ............................................................................... 7 1.4. Physics of surface wettability .............................................................................................. 9 1.5. Fog collection on plant surfaces ........................................................................................ 13 2. Aims of the thesis ..................................................................................................... -
Effects of Timber Harvest on Fog Drip and Streamflow, Caspar Creek Experimental Watersheds, Mendocino County, California1
Effects of Timber Harvest on Fog Drip and Streamflow, Caspar Creek Experimental Watersheds, Mendocino County, California1 Elizabeth Keppeler2 Abstract Within the second-growth redwood forest of the Caspar Creek watershed, fog drip was measured in 1998 at 12 sites where heavy fog drip was expected. The following year, two one-ha plots were each instrumented with six randomly sited 1.35 m2 fog-drip collectors and one additional collector in a nearby clearcut. Fog-drip totals were highly variable, ranging from zero to 18 mm per event (mean = eight mm) and 0.2 to 99 mm (mean = 39 mm) during the 1999 season. Within the one-ha plots, fog drip under the canopy was only three mm greater than accumulations in the clearcut at one site and not significantly different at the other. Given the annual average precipitation of 1170 mm, fog drip does not appear to strongly influence groundwater recharge and baseflow processes at Caspar Creek. These results are consistent with streamflow measurements. From 1971 to 1973, 65 percent of the timber volume in the South Fork was selectively cut, and from 1985 to 1992, 50 percent of the North Fork basin was clearcut. Annual water yield and summer flows increased following both timber harvests, indicating that the effects of reduced rainfall interception and transpiration exceed that from the loss of fog drip. Key words: fog drip, hydrologic processes, streamflow, timber harvest Introduction The summer fog that blankets California’s north coast is an ecologically important characteristic of the region as it moderates temperatures and brings water to the plants and animals occupying this seasonally arid landscape. -
Ecology of the Sclerophyllous Plants of Mount Tamalpais
University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1964 Ecology of the Sclerophyllous plants of Mount Tamalpais George Edwin Corson Jr. University of the Pacific Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds Part of the Life Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Corson, George Edwin Jr.. (1964). Ecology of the Sclerophyllous plants of Mount Tamalpais. University of the Pacific, Thesis. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/1558 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ECOLOGY OF THE SCLEROP HYLLOUS PLANTS OF MO UNT TAMA LPAIS A Thesis Pr esented to t he Faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences University of t he Pacific In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degr ee Master of Arts by Ge orge Edwin Corson Jr. August 1964 This thesis, written and submitted by is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Department Chairman or Dean: Thesis Committee: _..:..d-=~~:....._-~_..:._ __~.c__-----' Chairman TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I NTRODUCTION . 1 GEOLOGY • • • • • . • • • • • • • . 6 TOPOGRAPHY AND BOUNDARI ES . • • . • • . 8 CLI.lJIA TE • • • • • • • • • • • • . 9 HISTORY • . • • • • • 0 . 0 • • 17 ECOLOGY . • • • . 22 Introduc·t ion . 22 Methods and Procedure • . 24 ~e~uoi a semEervirens Association • • . • • • • • 30 Lithocar2u~-Umbe llulari ~-Arbutus Association • • 36 Litho c ~rp~s aspect • • • . .. 40 Pseudotsuga aspect . • • • • • • • 0 • • 0 • • • • 42 Umbellulari a ~ Association . 45 Chaparr a l Association • • .