DOCSLIB.ORG

Igniting Fire in Minds of Irish Men and Women Thomas Murray Explores How Revolutionary Ideals Were Watered Down in the 1922 Constitution

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Igniting Fire in Minds of Irish Men and Women Thomas Murray Explores How Revolutionary Ideals Were Watered Down in the 1922 Constitution AFTER THE RISING Left: Thomas Murray CAROLINE QUINN Right: the Irish delegation, including Éamon de Valera and Sinn Féin founder Arthur Griffith, in London for the Treaty negotiations in 1921. Far right: Darrell Figgis, who helped frame the 1922 Free State Constitution. GETTY IMAGES Igniting fire in minds of Irish men and women Thomas Murray explores how revolutionary ideals were watered down in the 1922 Constitution HAT ideas inspired accentuated the role of Catholicism in occurred. Irish workers refused to handle 1922 Constitution was a conservative the men and women defining ‘the people’. weapons for the British military, a factor instrument. It established a Westminster- who rose up in 1916? Mother Church’s self-appointed crucial to the IRA’s success. Workers also style parliamentary system of government How did those ideas role as mediator between peasant and took over the running of more than 80 under a type of constitutional monarchy. fare in the Irish Free landlord, nation and empire, had all but workplaces and established soviets at the Although it contained guarantees of civil W State founded in 1922? ensured this anomaly. Republicanism Cleeves factory in Limerick, at the foundry and political rights, substantive judicial In his book, Fire in the Minds of Men, thus involved the spiritual work of in Drogheda, Co Louth and in the coal review would remain inoperative for a the historian James Billington traces an undoing Holy Ireland’s confiscation and mines of Castlecomer, Co Kilkenny. generation. almost invisible thread of incendiary ideas anglicisation by a materialist superpower. The West was particularly awake. There were some changes. Provisions that inspired faith in revolutionary social Conversely, the Irish Citizen Army, Farmers and labourers revived midnight for direct democracy notably facilitated transformation across Europe from the admittedly a much smaller grouping campaigns of intimidation to expropriate a citizen’s initiative process to amend 1700s to the early 1900s. All had a common in the GPO, drew inspiration from the and redistribute land. A network of the constitution and to draft legislation. genesis in the motto of the French recent upsurge in labour movements popularly elected, local arbitration courts Interestingly, Kennedy believed such Revolution, ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity’. internationally. sprung up, sometimes to decide the terms provisions would have a ‘chilling’ effect In Ireland, too, the 1916 rebels Advocating syndicalism (or ‘Larkin-ism’ of land redistribution. For the first time on revolutionary movements. Subsequent shared common ideological roots in the in a Dublin accent), the ICA claimed that in Ireland, landlords were forcibly ousted governments, however, amended the Enlightenment-era republicanism of the fields and factories belonged to those from their homes. In these circumstances, Constitution to stop these provisions the United Irishmen, and the romantic who worked them, a right that could be the country’s wealthier land owners coming into effect. This ultimately nationalism of Young Ireland. In realised through forming one big union eventually turned from Westminster to the conservative Constitution belies the particular, the alliance of nationalists and mounting a general strike of all Sinn Féin party to put an end to ‘agrarian radical proposals advanced during its and socialists, notably Patrick Pearse and workers. Naturally, the owners of those Bolshevism’ and restore law and order. drafting. James Connolly, found common ground fields and factories, the Catholic hierarchy The making of the 1922 Irish Free In fact, ideas of popular ownership in the writings of the mid-19th century and Arthur Griffith’s Sinn Féin party were State Constitution shows how nationalist featured prominently during the early agrarian agitator, James Fintan Lalor. staunchly opposed to socialist ideas of leaders were already retreating from drafting stage at the Shelbourne Hotel At the height of the Great Famine redistribution as ‘godless’, ‘alien’, and even dangerous ideas of popular ownership. and later Constituent Assembly debates in Ireland and the 1848 Revolutions in ‘anti-national’. As the Anglo-Irish Treaty split the anti- at Dáil Éireann. In the spring of 1922, Europe, Lalor advanced a dangerous idea: Remarkably, for a brief colonial movement, Hugh drafters such as James Douglas and the principle “that the entire ownership period after the Rising, Kennedy, the Provisional Darrell Figgis initially included what of Ireland, moral and material, up to the ordinary men and women Government’s senior they called “the Pearse statement” in the sun and down to the centre, is vested of made the principle of law officer, argued that opening articles, explicitly providing for right in the people of Ireland; that they, the popular ownership “ popular disorder would “the right of every citizen to an adequate The country’s wealthier and none but they, are the landowners and a living reality. A mass have to be overcome by share of the produce of the nation’s lawmakers of this island”. boycott campaign broke landowners turned from ‘utterly ruthless action’ labour”. Of course, the men and women of 1916 the threat of conscription Westminster to the Sinn such as that used by the Clement France, a visiting US lawyer, had different understandings of who in 1918. Organised labour Reichswehr-Freikorps similarly claimed that the private control exactly should own Ireland in the event was notably resurgent Féin party to put an end in crushing the recent of natural resources and public utilities of their success. In a curious inversion of thereafter. Between 1918 to ‘agrarian Bolshevism’ Spartacist uprising in “would be subversive of the welfare of the European Enlightenment tradition, and 1923, five general Weimar Germany. the general public”. He explained: “The Irish republicanism in the early 1900s strikes and 18 local strikes and restore law and order Unsurprisingly, the persons who control and own the great 18 | Irish Independent 1916 Collection Irish Independent I Thursday 3 March 2016 AFTER THE RISING Political heirs to the rebellion While many veterans achieved high office, the descendants of the 1916 leaders were less fortunate, writes Gerard Siggins NCE the fighting was done, Kathleen Clarke was the widow of Tom many participants in the Rising Clarke and was a vocal member of the and the subsequent conflicts 1st and 2nd Dála where she opposed the O played important roles in Irish Treaty. She failed to win her seat in Dublin politics. For decades, to have been “out” Mid County in the 1922 election as an in 1916 almost seemed a pre-requisite for anti-Treaty Sinn Féiner, but was re-elected high office. Presidents Seán T O’Kelly for Fianna Fáil in Dublin North in June (GPO) and Éamon de Valera (Boland’s Mill) 1927. That Dáil lasted just a few weeks and saw action, as did taoisigh WT Cosgrave she lost her seat in November and failed (South Dublin Union), de Valera and Seán at a by-election in 1928. She served in the Lemass (GPO). Free State Seanad until it was abolished Several of the 16 executed men left in 1936. behind wives, children and siblings who She was also the first female Lord Mayor entered politics after the formation of the of Dublin (1939-41) and at the age of 70 Dáil and independence, but surprisingly contested the 1948 general election for few were successful. Clann na Poblachta but didn’t come close The son of Major John MacBride and to capturing a seat. Maud Gonne was the most notable. Seán Two of James Connolly’s children MacBride had been chief of staff of the served in the Oireachtas. Roddy Connolly IRA for a few months in 1936, but later ran for Labour in five general elections set up the republican socialist party and a by-election in Louth from 1943-54, Clann na Poblachta. He was elected to winning twice. He later ran unsuccessfully the Dáil in the Dublin County by-election in Dublin South Central. Nora Connolly in 1947 and in three subsequent general O’Brien had been a founding member of elections in Dublin South West. His the Young Republicans, the female wing party won 10 seats in 1948 and joined the of Na Fianna, and was 23 when her father Inter-Party Government with MacBride was shot. She was involved with several as Minister for External Affairs. In this far-left groupings and corresponded with portfolio he played important roles in Leon Trotsky, but from 1957 to 1969, she the implementation of the European served three Seanad terms as a nominee of Convention on Human Rights and the the Taoiseach. declaration of the Irish Republic in 1949. Michael O’Hanrahan’s brother Henry He lost his seat in 1957 and tried three O’Hanrahan was also given a death more times but was never elected again sentence for his role in the Rising at the and returned to practise as a barrister. He Jacob’s factory, but it was commuted to life Natural Resources of the Country also much like a Communistic doctrine”. was awarded the Nobel and Lenin Peace imprisonment. He ran for the Dáil in 1924 control the freedom and wellbeing of the Buoyed by its recent electoral victory, Prizes in the 1970s. but failed to be elected on the Republican people…The result has been in America the Provisional Government only secured Patrick Pearse’s mother, Margaret ticket in Dublin North when his better- that notwithstanding a Republican and its capacity to enforce these decisions in Pearse, was elected unopposed to the 2nd known running-mates Seán T O’Kelly and Democratic Government, an economic late 1922. Having effectively ended the Dáil in 1921 but was unseated on the final Ernie O’Malley were returned. autocracy has developed which controls civil war as a military contest, it thereafter count the following year when she stood in Tom Kent’s brother David Kent was a the Government of the Country and the quashed or conciliated residual outbreaks Dublin County as an anti-treaty Sinn Féin member of the first Dáil and re-elected personal liberties of the people almost as of agrarian or labour militancy.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Kent Family & Cork's Rising Experience
    The Kent Family & Cork’s Rising Experience By Mark Duncan In the telling of the Easter 1916 story, Cork appears only the margins. The reasons for this are not too hard to comprehend. Here was a county that had thought about mounting insurrection, then thought better of it. This failure to mobilise left an unpleasant aftertaste, becoming, for some at least, a source of abiding regret which bordered on embarrassment. It left behind it, Liam de Roiste, the Gaelic scholar and then leading local Irish Volunteer, wistfully recalled, a trail of ‘heart burning, disappointments, and some bitter feelings. The hour had come and we, in Cork, had done nothing.’1 In the circumstances, the decision to remain inactive – encouraged by the intervention by local bishop Daniel Colohan and Cork City Lord Mayor W. T. Butterfield - was an understandable one, wise even in view of the failed landing of German arms on board the Aud and the confusion created by the countermanding order of Eoin Mac Neill which delayed for a day, and altered completely, the character of the Rising that eventually took place.2 In any case, with Dublin planned as the operational focus of the Rising, Cork was hardly alone in remaining remote from the fray. Yes, trouble flared in Galway, in Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford and in Ashbourne, Co. Meath, but so few were these locations and so limited was the fighting that it served only to underline the failure of the insurgents to ignite a wider rebellion across provincial Ireland. For much of the country, the Rising of 1916 was experienced only in the heavy-handed and occasionally brutal backlash to it.
    [Show full text]
  • References to Ffrench Mullen in the Allen Library
    Dr. Kathleen Lynn Collection IE/AL/KL/1/7 25 June 1910 1 item; 2pp Empty envelope addressed to ‘Miss M. ffrench Mullen, 9 Belgrave Road, Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland.’ A list of names and numbers is written on the back of the envelope. IE/AL/KL/1/14 30 April 1916 1 item Handwritten last will and testament of Constance Markievicz. ‘I leave to my husband Casimir de Markievicz the sum of £100 pounds, to my stepson Stanislas de Markievicz the sum of £100 to Bessie Lynch who lived with me £25. Everything else I possess to my daughter, Medb Alys de Markievicz.’ Michael Mallin and Madeleine ffrench Mullen witnessed it. [Provenance: Given by Dr. Lynn, 10 September 1952]. IE/AL/KL/1/28 12 August 1916 1 item; 2pp Handwritten letter from Constance Markievicz, Holloway Jail to Madeleine ffrench Mullen. Constance Markievicz thanks her for the present and tells her ‘Mrs. Clarke is wonderful, with her bad health, its marvellous how she sticks it out at all. Give Kathleen and Emer my love and thank Emer for fags she sent me. I hope K is well; I heard that she was back from her holiday, but not going about much. I am all right again, gone up in weight and all the better for my enforced rest! …now goodbye much love to you and yours and my soldier girls.’ IE/AL/KL/1/30/1-2 7 November 1916 2 items Envelope and handwritten letter from Eva Gore Booth, 33 Fitzroy, Square, London to Dr. Lynn and Madeleine ffrench Mullen.
    [Show full text]
  • The Centenary of the First Dáil 21St January 1919
    The Centenary of the First Dáil 21st January 1919 Commemorated by Cork County Council on 21st January 2019 at a Special Meeting convened by the Mayor of the County of Cork Cllr. Patrick Gerard Murphy Comóradh Céad Bliain den Chéad Dáil An 21 Eanáir, 1919 Tugtha chun cuimhne ag Comhairle Contae Chorcaí Ag tionól speisialta a ghairm Méara Chontae Chorcaí an Comhairleoir Patrick Gerard Murphy FOREWORD RéamhRá BY MAYOR OF THE COUNTY OF ó Méara Chontae Chorcaí, CORK CLLR. PATRICK GERARD an Comhairleoir Patrick Gerard Murphy, MURPHY AND agus an Príomhfheidhmeannach CHIEF EXECUTIVE OF CORK de Comhairle Contae Chorcaí COUNTY COUNCIL TIM LUCEY an tUasal Tim Lucey As citizens of Ireland, today is a special Is lá speisialta é seo duinn mar day when we commemorate the Shaoránaigh na hÉireann, nuair a centenary of the First Dáil, which took chuimhnímid comóradh céad bhliain an place in the Mansion House in Dublin Chéad Dáil, a tharla i dTeach an Ard- on Tuesday, the 21st of January, 1919. Mhéara i mBaile Átha Cliath Dé Máirt, an 21ú Eanáir, 1919. This was a most momentous occasion, Ba seo ócáid an-tábhachtach, rud a chuir which resolutely conveyed Ireland’s in iúl go diongbháilte an chreideamh firm belief in the ownership of its own laidir atá ag Éireann in úinéireacht a destiny by having a government of the chinniúint féin trí rialtas na daoine, ag na people, by the people, for the people. daoine, ar son na daoine. Is lá a bhí ann It was a day when Ireland stood up to nuair a sheas Éire suas le chomhaireamh be counted among the Nations of the i measc Náisiún an Domhain - lá a World - a day that draws our attention tharraingíonn ár n-aird leis an bhród with the utmost pride and belief.
    [Show full text]
  • Estella Solomons: a Portrait of the Artist As a Republican
    CULTURE Estella Solomons: A portrait of the artist as a Republican Painter concealed ammunition in her studio, writes Róisín Kennedy STELLA SOLOMONS came from a prominent Jewish Dublin family. Her E father, Maurice, was a well-known optician and his practice on Nassau Street is mentioned in James Joyce’s Ulysses. Solomons trained at the Dublin Metropolitan School of Art where Willie Pearse had also been a student. Her contemporary at the school, Beatrice Elvery remembered that ‘it was difficult not to be swept away in a flood of patriotism’. Solomons continued her studies at the Chelsea School of Art in London and at Colorossi’s Studio in Paris where she was accompanied by Elvery and Cissie Beckett, aunt of the future writer Samuel Beckett. A visit to a major exhibition of the work Estella Solomons’ portraits of Erskine Childers and Sinn Féin activist Darrell Figgis, and a self-portrait. of Rembrandt in Amsterdam in 1906 had a decisive impact on one of Seán Milroy, a frequent back in Limerick, discovered that in this endeavour by Kathleen her art practice. Not only did his visitor, and Frank Gallagher, a fellow volunteer was using his Goodfellow, a lifelong friend who approach influence Solomons’ who she painted in 1920 after belt. He had taken it from a Black had joined Cumann na mBan at style of portraiture but the Dutch she moved her studio to No 26 and Tan who had been shot at the the same time. master’s etchings inspired her to Great Brunswick Street. She also Drumkeen ambush weeks before.
    [Show full text]
  • In 1904, George Olden Became the New General Manager. Between 1906 and 1913, the Hotel Enjoyed Great Success
    In 1904, George Olden became the new General Manager. Between 1906 and 1913, the hotel enjoyed great success. New additions included the telephone and a lift. Guests started arriving by car and tram. The summer of 1912 saw a great influx of visitors from USA, Japan and Australia. In 1914 with the outbreak of war, several of the hotel’s German staff were interned and The Shelbourne unofficially became the hub of military activity. The Republican Rising of Easter 1916 was a seminal date in the Shelbourne’s history. The hotel owners remained loyal to the Crown during the Easter Rebellion. However, some staff members did not. It emerged later that one hotel porter made regular forays up to the rooftop and signalled the movement of troops within the hotel to the rebel forces across the Green. Yet, despite all the disturbances, the hotel management and staff managed to carry on almost as normal. On Easter Monday when fighting broke out on the Green, afternoon tea was transferred from the Drawing Room to the Writing and Reading Room at the rear of the hotel for safety (this room is now the Horseshoe Bar). On Tuesday afternoon, forty soldiers were sent to garrison the hotel, making it a legitimate target for the rebels across the Green. The Shelbourne came under regular fire for the remainder of the week. The windows were sandbagged and shuttered; the great entrance door was barricaded. A skeleton staff operated the hotel’s services and titled guests acted as waiters. By Wednesday, the hotel opened its doors to receive the injured, irrespective of the side on which side they fought.
    [Show full text]
  • Études Écossaises, 20 | 2018 Smuggling Weapons, Republicans and Spies Across the Irish Sea and the North C
    Études écossaises 20 | 2018 The Construction and Reconstruction of Scotland Smuggling Weapons, Republicans and Spies across the Irish Sea and the North Channel (1912–1923): Gaelic Friends or Foes? Trafic d’armes, de républicains et d’espions par la mer d’Irlande : amis ou ennemis gaéliques ? Émilie Berthillot Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/etudesecossaises/1400 ISSN: 1969-6337 Publisher UGA Éditions/Université Grenoble Alpes Printed version ISBN: 978-2-37747-047-1 ISSN: 1240-1439 Electronic reference Émilie Berthillot, « Smuggling Weapons, Republicans and Spies across the Irish Sea and the North Channel (1912–1923): Gaelic Friends or Foes? », Études écossaises [Online], 20 | 2018, Online since 01 April 2018, connection on 08 September 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ etudesecossaises/1400 This text was automatically generated on 8 September 2020. © Études écossaises Smuggling Weapons, Republicans and Spies across the Irish Sea and the North C... 1 Smuggling Weapons, Republicans and Spies across the Irish Sea and the North Channel (1912–1923): Gaelic Friends or Foes? Trafic d’armes, de républicains et d’espions par la mer d’Irlande : amis ou ennemis gaéliques ? Émilie Berthillot 1 After decades of riots throughout the 19th century,1 the Irish rebels fighting for Home Rule decided to foster a rebellion taking advantage of the involvement of Great Britain in the First World War. To fight against British forces, Irish activists were in desperate need of weapons whose importation was banned by the Proclamation of King George V issued on 4 December 1913 (Figgis, 2014, p. XXV). They thus turned to Germany to provide them with illegal ones.
    [Show full text]
  • W.T. Cosgrave Papers P285 Ucd Archives
    W.T. COSGRAVE PAPERS P285 UCD ARCHIVES [email protected] www.ucd.ie/archives T + 353 1 716 7555 F + 353 1 716 1146 © 2015 University College Dublin. All Rights Reserved ii CONTENTS CONTEXT Biographical History iv Archival History vi CONTENT AND STRUCTURE Scope and Content vii System of Arrangement viii CONDITIONS OF ACCESS AND USE Access ix Language ix Finding Aid ix DESCRIPTION CONTROL Archivist’s Note ix iii CONTEXT Biographical history William Thomas Cosgrave was born on 6 June 1880 at 174 James’ Street, Dublin. He attended the Christian Brothers School in Marino, and later worked in the family business, a grocers and licensed premises. His first brush with politics came in 1905 when, with his brother Phil and uncle P.J., he attended the first Sinn Féin convention in 1905. Serving as a Sinn Féin councillor on Dublin Corporation from 1909 until 1922, he joined the Irish Volunteers in 1913, although he never joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood. During the Easter 1916 Rising, Cosgrave served under Eamonn Ceannt at the South Dublin Union. His was not a minor role, and after the Rising he was sentenced to death. This was later commuted to penal servitude for life, and he was transported to Frongoch in Wales along with many other rebels. As public opinion began to favour the rebels, Cosgrave stood for election in the 1917 Kilkenny city by-election, and won despite being imprisoned. This was followed by another win the following year in Kilkenny North. Cosgrave took his seat in the First Dáil on his release from prison in 1919.
    [Show full text]
  • HQ. Sean . 'Duffy, 7. Pall Faggfthg COURTS 1919
    REG. NO. OF THE COLLECTION CD. HQ. NAME OF DONOR Sean . 'Duffy, SUB. OBSERVATIONS NO. DOCUMENT FORMAT Etc. PAlL faggftHg COURTS 1919 - 1922. Croup 5. Appointments £c Conferences etc. of Parish & District Court Justices, 1921-22. Circular, undated, from Minister for Home Affairs instructing that a meeting be called of all District Justices - (annotated "Issued during the Truce period"). Republican Court Convention at Annacurra, Saturday, 24tb September, 1921 - Suggested Agen^i. Letter, 28th September, 1921, from Mis* Barton re her intention net to attend a meeting at Togher, Roundwood, on following Thursday. List of persons, addresses tions in connection v/ith meeting at Togher, 29/9/1921 Copy of Circular to be sent to various Registrars, 21st October, 1921, from Sean Iff* Ua Dubhthaigh re proposed meeting of District Justices & Clerks. Election of Parish & District Justices - Convention for East 7/icklow Constituency at Hioklqw on 22nd October, 1921: (a) Notice 10/10/21 convening meeting for 22/10/1921; (b) Suggested Agenda; (c) Letter, 21st October, 1921, from llicheal Ua Duinn, 0/C *F* Coy., Battn. , 2, Enniskerrv, regretting inability to attend convention; (d) Letter, 22nd October, 1921, from Niss Barton, Glendalough House, regretting inability to attend convention; (e) List of personnel in attendance and notes of jjroceedings. 7. Parish Conventions, V/icklow 1st November, 1921, Enniskerry 1st November, 1921, Bray 27th October, 1921, & Delgany 1st November, 1921: (a) Draft & copy of convention notice, 24th October, 1921; (b) Note of Proceedings at Delgany Convention, 1st November, 1921. Papers relating to establishment of Courts in East V/icklow & North Vfexford, October-November, 1921.
    [Show full text]
  • 00-AN COS-Apr-May-06
    I SSN 0010- 9460 0 3 THE DEFENCEFORCESMAGAZINE 2006 APRIL-MAY THE DEFENCEFORCESMAGAZINE 2006 APRIL-MAY 9 770010 946001 € € 4.40 (Stg£2.80) 4.40 (Stg£2.80) Sackville Street (now O’Connell Street) in flames during the rising. Easter Monday are sent from think is manned by shop in Moore April 24th England. By early insurgents. Street. 1100: Approximately morning the insur- 1,200 Volunteers gents are already Afternoon: Heavy fight- Afternoon: General (including 200 outnumbered four ing continues Maxwell arrives in Citizen Army) to one. British throughout the city. Ireland at 2pm and assemble at troops occupy the British reinforce- takes command of Liberty Hall. Shelbourne Hotel, ments flow in. One the British forces. overlooking insur- such group, the He issues a decla- 1200: Patrick Pearse gent positions in Sherwood ration promising and the HQ group St Stephen’s Forresters, try to tough action of 150 arrive at Green and open take insurgent against the insur- GPO. Pearse fire on the rebels positions around gents. Heavy reads the at first light. Mount Street street fighting con- Proclamation Bridge and incur tinues, particularly from the steps of Early morning: the heaviest casu- heavy in the North the GPO. Insurgents in St alties of the King Street area. Stephen’s Green week’s fighting. 1500: A troop of cavalry take several casu- Saturday ride down alties and are Thursday April 29th Sackville Street forced to evacuate April 27th Morning: Insurgent (O’Connell Street) their positions. The British cordon leaders agree that and incur several The garrison around the GPO and the situation is casualties when moves to the near- the Four Courts is hopeless and sur- fired on by by College of tightened.
    [Show full text]
  • Honoring St. Patrick Convention News
    D A T E ® D M A T E R I A L —HIS EMINENCE, PATRICK CARDINAL O’DONNELL of Ireland Vol. LXXXIII No. 2 USPS 373340 March-April 2016 1.50 Honoring St. Patrick In This Issue… Missouri Irish Person of Year James Dailey Wahl & wife, Kathleen Masses, parades and dinner-dances and celebrations of all kinds filled the days of March for AOH and LAOH members throughout the Page 17 country. Here is just a small sampling of the Hibernians on parade. AOH Father Mychal Judge Hudson County, NJ Division 1, from left, Ron Cassidy, Jim Miller, Laurie Lukaszyk, Ray Tierney, Michael Sweeney, Mike Collum, and Jim O’Donnell. Photo George Stampoulos: Respect Life Treasurer-AOH Father Mychal Judge Hudson County, NJ Division 1. See page 12 for more St. Patrick’s Parade photos. Convention News of the Jersey Shore” Buffet and Complimentary Draft Beer at Harrah’s famous “Pool.” Casual Attire. Irish Night Banquet on Wednesday July 13th - “Irish Night” includes a Duet of Chicken and Shrimp. Entertainment provided by the Willie Lynch Band. Business Casual Attire. D.C. President Walsh and NYS Installation Banquet on Thursday July 14th - Choice of: President McSweeney Chicken, Beef or Salmon. Entertainment provided by the Page 10 Eamon Ryan Band. Black Tie Optional. Marching in Maryland A la carte options are also available on line. If you prefer to reserve your package by mail use the application in the Digest. You can even submit and pay for your journal ad on line by clicking on the Journal Ad Book tab. Prefer to submit ad by mail, see journal ad book form in the Digest.
    [Show full text]
  • Darrell Figgis, the Return of the Hero, and the Making of the Irish Nation
    Colby Quarterly Volume 31 Issue 3 September Article 6 September 1995 Darrell Figgis, The Return of the Hero, and the Making of the Irish Nation Jose Lanters Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/cq Recommended Citation Colby Quarterly, Volume 31, no.3, September 1995, p.204-213 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in Colby Quarterly by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Colby. Lanters: Darrell Figgis, The Return of the Hero, and the Making of the Iri Darrell Figgis, The Return of the Hero, and the Making ofthe Irish Nation by JOSE LANTERS HEN THE RETURNOFTHE HERO was first published in 1923, it appeared under W the pseudonym ofMichael Ireland. The book was well received: Andrew Malone even claims that it "caused something of a sensation" when it was published (25).1 The real identity of"Michael Ireland" was at first a mystery, but as the novel involved fantasy and the use of Irish mythological material, the author was initially widely believed to be James Stephens. The revelation that The Return ofthe Hero had been written by Darrell Figgis was met with general incredulity; upon hearing the news Yeats is reported to have remarked, "'I'm afraid we'll have to recognize Figgis as a literary man, after all'" (quoted in Colum, 28), while James Stephens, in his introduction to the American edition of 1930, expressed the opinion that "... ifDarrell Figgis wrote The Return ofthe Hero, then literarycriticisnl stands baffled, and we mustadmit that occasions can arise in which the impossible becomes possible, and the unbelievable is to be credited" (quoted in Hogan, 238).2 On the surface, Darrell Figgis (1882-1925) seemed indeed an unlikely candidate for the authorship of a work of menippean satire3 based upon the legendary confrontation between Saint Patrick and the Old Irish hero Oisin, son of the great Finn mac Cumhal.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Fighting and Writing: Journalists and the 1916 Easter Rising Mark O
    Fighting and Writing: Journalists and the 1916 Easter Rising Mark O’Brien Abstract The relationship between journalists and the Irish rebellion of Easter 1916 is a complex one. While the Rising was led in large part by a miscellany of poets, editors and journalists (many of whom feature prominently in the Rising’s historiography) many lesser-known journalists acted as planners and participants in the insurrection. As well as assessing the contribution of these lesser-known journalists to the events of 1916 and the Rising’s impact on journalistic life in Dublin, it explores how a representative organisation – the Irish Journalists’ Association – acted as a cover for the clandestine insurgent-related activities of many journalists. It finds that the IJA played a key role in facilitating the expression of radical views by this cohort of journalists who could not express their radicalism through their everyday posts on the mainstream media and, by so doing, it played a key, though hitherto unacknowledged, role in the events of Easter 1916. Keywords Journalism, 1916 Rising, Ireland, Press, Irish Journalists’ Association, Trade Unionism Introduction The historiography of the 1916 Rising is well established and, amid its centenary, ongoing.1 Home rule for Ireland was enshrined in the Government of Ireland Act 1914 but was shelved following the outbreak of the First World War – a decision that averted a clash between the Ulster Volunteer Force, formed to prevent home rule being implemented, and the Irish Volunteers which had been established to ensure the realisation of a Dublin parliament. The reaction of both organisations to the war would reverberate through Irish history for decades afterwards.
    [Show full text]