N e~ark.upon.Trent;. 219 • • ; £iL £ Wright Richard, shoemaker, 1 Bargate Young Men's (Wesleyan) Christian A88ociation, Guildh~U Wright Thomas, grocer &wine, &c. dealer, 21 Market place street; John Oldham. Bec Wright Wm. town crier and bill poster, 10 Newnham rd Young William, shoemaker, 18 MillgatEl

NEWSTEAD ABBEY stands in a delightful situation, 6 miles S. of Mans:6eld, and is a private chap­ l~incy and liberty on the and Railway, formerly extra-parochial, but now a . It is in Basford union, Nottingham county court district and bankruptcy court district, Broxtow wapentake, Nottingham petty sessional divisiont Newstead polling district, parliamentary division of the county, and, being a 'peculiar,' is not within any archdeaconry or diocese. It had 967 inhabitants in 1881, and comprises 8258 acres of land: the rateable value is £8053. It had only 200 inhabitants in 1871. The great increase in population is attributable to the opening of collieries. William Frederick Webb, Esq., is 10l'd of the manor and sole owner ofthe soil. The ABBEY, which is situated in charming grounds, commanding a,magnificent prospect, was founded in 1170 by Henry n., in expiation of the murder of Thomas a. Beckett, and was occupied by the Austin or Black Friars. ·Amongst other gifts, Henry bestowed upon the abbey the church and town of Papplewick, besides large wastes about the monastery, and a park of ten acres; and subsequent kings were its benefactors, until its possessions included lands and tenements in Wood, Edwinstowe, , and Nottingham. The abbey was surrendered to Henry VIII. on July 1, 1539, and inthe foUo'wing year it was granted to Sir , Knight, Lieutenant of Sherwoo~ Forest, &c., who c;lonverted it into a residence. It was the seat ofthe Byron family until 1818, when the poet Byron sold the estate to Colonel Wildman for £100,000, at whose death it was purcbased by the present owner, William Frederiqk Webb, Esq. The front of the abbey is a fine specimen of Early English architecture, wit4 a Norman tower (called the Sussex Tower) at the south-west corner, built by Colonel Wildman. Tbecloisters are considered to be among the finest specimens of the kind in . They are of peculiar constructio~, consisting of two storeys, the upper one of which now constitutes some of thl' finest apartments in the abbey, baving been built by the Byrons soon after tbey acquired :possession of the estate. It is said that there are but three other specimens of two-storied cloistered archItecture in England St. Stephen's Chapel, West­ minster; Magdalen Chapel, Oxford, and the Cheetham Library, . They are of Perpendicular architecture, and were probably built not long before the Dissolution. In the abbey are numerous apart­ ments containing Byronic mementoes, Livingstone memorials, &c. To the right of the abbey are the remains of the church, being in the form of the west end of a cathedral, adorned with rich carvings; this church was destroyed by Oliver Cromwell. The cbancel, which was beautifully restored by W. F. 'Vebb, Esq" Bome years ago, was formerly the chapter-house of the abbey, and the family pew was the lord abbot's seat or throne. Service is regularly performed here by the chaplain, the Rev. J. R. Ashworth. There are five acres of pleasure grounds, besides three acres of kitchen gardens and twelve acres of wilderness, lawn, and shrubbery. At the extremity of the ruin of the old church Lord Byron erected a handsome pedestal of white marble, with an inscription to the memory of a Newfoundland dog, called Boatswain. The landscape is ex­ tremely beautiful, having spacious lakes, and several fine plantations and ornamental buildings, all of which harmonise with the monastic ruins and the gothic mansion. The river Leen has its rise here. The noted inn, called the Hutt, and situated on the Nottingham and Mansfield Road, and on the margin of a tract of , 1 mile E. of the Abbey, has been converted into a private residence for the chaplain. The Byron family is more ancient thl\n the Conquest, and ha~ large possessions near , in , where they had their principal seat till after the Reformation, when they obtained a grant ofNew­ stead. Being active partisans in the cause of Charles I. several of their estateswere sequestered by Parliament, but were afterwards restored to them by Charles n., whose father had raised Sir John Byron to the peerage, in 1643. William, the fifth Lord Byron, killed William Chaworth, Esq., in a duel, in 1765, under circum­ stances which led to his impeachment, on a charge of murder, before the house of peers; he was found guilty of man81aughter, upon which he claimed the benefit of the statute of Edward VI., and was discharged. lie died without issue, in1798, and was succeeded by his grand-nephew, George Gordon, Lord Byron, the illus­ trious poet. After completing his residence at Cambridge, he wrote his' Hours of Idleness,' and his' English Bards and Scotch Reviewers,' at Newstead Abbey~ In 1811 he published' Childe Harold,' and several other works which gained him an unlimited popularity. He subsequently married Miss Milbank Noel, but the union was not a happy one, and he soon afterwards bade adieu to the shores of Britain, and continued to change his residence from one part of Italy to another till he went to Greece to aEsist the inhabitants in their efforts for freedom, but he died on April 19, in the following year (1824). The present, the 9th baron, is the HOIL George Frederick William Byron; he was born in 1855 and succeeded to the title in 1870. The NA.TIONA.L SCHOOL ,was built in 1879, at the joint expense of W. F. Webb, Esq., and the Newstead Oolliery Co., and is principally supported bythem : it has q,n average attendance of 100 mixed scholars, and 65 infants. · ~ Posr OFFICE.-Letters arrive at 6.35 R.m., and a1'e despatched at 7.50 p.m., via Nottingham. Annesley is the Nearest Money Order Office. Telegrams are sent from, and received at1 Newstead (Midland) Station; -John Heath, sub-postmaster. I , •• • • Ashworth Rev. James Rhodes, M:A., Chapple Charles, station master, Mid­ Greensmith Johnson, underviewer chaplain to William Frederick land Railway Hawkins John, station master, Great · Webb, Esq. The Hutt Cooper Mrs, housekeeper, Newstead Northern Railway :BellisJno. head grdnr.NewsteadAbbey Abbey Heath Thomas, farmer, Hopping hill Butler William Henry, vict. Newstead Edge William, colliery clerk Heathcote Frank, sec. to Newstead Station Hotel Greensmith Charles, grocer, draper & Colliery Co. (!im.) . .' .. ~ Chadborn John, shopkeepe-r shoe dealer Higton John, National SchoolmasteJ:· ......

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