SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2

1. SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2: The Trelawny Town (Flagstaff) Maroon Heritage and Reforestation Project (This project contributes to high-ranked strategies #1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 13 of the CC CAP) Project Summary This project will be developed in three phases, with the key sites in the core area together with the museum / community and tourist centre being developed in the first phase. The second phase will expand the tourism activities to important peripheral areas where most the Maroon Wars was actually fought and the third phase will expand the knowledge base to Africa and will introduce a Cockpit Country Heritage Festival. Bearing in mind the significance of this forgotten but enormously significant site, all development activities will build upon and be guided by anthropological research. The SW LFMC is seeking $22,558,735 in grant funding to implement this project in three phases over a five-year period.

Problem Statement Whereas the are a well-established part of Cockpit Country heritage, the Cudjoe/Kojo Town/Trelawny Town Maroons have largely been overlooked as a result of their deportation to Nova Scotia in 1795 after the and thence to Sierra Leone. Cudjoe/Kojo Town/Trelawny Town was renamed Flagstaff by the British after the Second Maroon War, and it is in this area, at Petty River Bottom, that the famous Maroon Treaty was signed. It is also here that the bulk of the fighting in both Maroon Wars took place, and there exist detailed maps and reports of the Second Maroon War. The purpose of this project is to assist the Flagstaff Maroon Town Community Development Group to conserve its heritage and landscape and to help them generate an alternative source of income from tourism. This long-term project will be implemented in phases with research / inventorying / restoration proceed ing in parallel with development of tourism attractions and revenue. Objectives The objective of this project is to enable the Trelawny Town Maroon community to restore and develop their hugely significant site and to derive a sustainable income from it by: •Providing the technical upgrading and construction to build a community centre / museum / tourist reception area that showcases the Heritage and amazing landscape of Cockpit Country to the visitors. •Conducting training and certification for young women and young persons in the community of Trelawny Town to be employed as Tour Guides and Hosts and to develop the acumen to promote the symbolic heritage of the Maroon Community. •Providing the technical support in the form of computer equipment, office furnishing and communication technology that will enable effective management, marketing of the tour programme, transparency and accountability for an effective ecotourism and rehabilitation programme. •Providing the residents of the community of Accompong with alternative sources of income that reduce their reliance on the natural resources of the forest for their livelihood. •Re-establishing two hectares of degraded forest lands to restore the pristine landscape of the Trelawny Town area to something resembling the terrain over which the Maroon Wars were fought. Methodology Phase 1 : •Engage anthropologist, working with JNHT to carry out literature search for history and maps of the area •Inventory and assess condition of historic sites known to be in existence, including Kojo Town, Furry Town, Petty River Bottom, Guthrie’s Defile, (all from the , and Gun Hill, Colonel’s Grave, Dragoon Hole, “Tramping Ground”, Graveyard from the second Maroon War •Analyse Maroon War strategies and relate them to the surrounding landscape.

Originally prepared by Michael Schwartz SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2

•Develop geo-referenced database and map of all information. •Develop the existing community centre on Tramping Ground as a museum and tourist reception area, as well as including an office and associated equipment and furnishings. This building must reflect the culture and history of the area and an architect with the requisite knowledge and experience must be engaged to work with the community to ensure ownership is maintained in the community yet that culture is not forgotten. It is noteworthy that the building is located on the British Military’s “Tramping Ground” (Parade Ground). •Develop a website to showcase the community and heritage through intewractive panoramas and to make all historic background information available to Jamaicans, visitors students and researchers through a web-searchable database •Purchase a vehicle so that project implementation and administration can proceed without delays. •Clear, restore (in partnership with JNHT and archaeologists) a selection of priority sites located near to the Community Centre (to include major sites such as Petty River Bottom and Gun Hill) •Develop a loop trail round these site •Use the analysis of Maroon strategy to produce brochure to highlight the significance of Cockpit Country landscape to the Maroon struggle. •Hold two workshops to develop a suite of activities and appropriate pricing for different types of tourist (including Cruise Ship visitors and community tourism, back-packers or hikers. •Identify six bed-and-breakfast type accommodations in Trelawny Town and provide appropriate hospitality training for the hosts. •Liaise closely with Accompong Maroons •Liaise closely with all key players associated with rural development. •Produce signage, publicity flyers and promotional brochures •Produce “History of Trelawny Town Maroons” guidebook, together with a facsimile of the Maroon Treaty. •Develop tourism package specifically for Cruise Ship passengers •Train at least eight local persons as knowledgeable and courteous local guides who conform with TPDCo’s requirements, including CPR and First Aid

Project Budget (phase 1)

Activity Details Qty Unit Unit Price Total Literature search ( and UK) Consultant Anthropologist 15 days $20,000 $300,000

Inventory and assess historic sites Consultant Archaeologist 15 days $20,000 $300,000

Per diem and travel for JNHT 15 days $5,000 $75,000 personnel

Local assistance 60 mandays $1,500 $90,000

Analyse Maroon War strategies Consultant 10 days $20,000 $200,000

Georeferenced database Consultant 5 days $20,000 $100,000

Develop community centre Building (66ft x 36ft) 2376 sq ft $5,000 $11,880,000

Professional fees 5 % of total - $92,400

Originally prepared by Michael Schwartz SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2

Office Equipment Computer, printer, telephone, - - - $500,000 internet access, desk, chair, multimedia projector, camcorder, filing cabinet.

Website Consultant 10 days $20,000 $200,000

Vehicle (4x4, diesel, twin-cab pickup 1 unit $1,400,000 $1,400,000

Maintenance and running 10 - - $700,000 costs

Clear and restore priority sites Per diem and travel for JNHT 20 days $5,000 $100,000 personnel

Local assistance 120 mandays $1,500 $180,000

Develop loop trail Local assistance 5 mandays $1,500 $7,500

Prepare and print Brochure Consultant 3 days $12,000 $36,000

Print 5000 copies 5000 units $250 $1,250,000

Hold two workshops 2 Unit $100,000 $200,000

Provide hospitality training for 6 6 $15,000 $90,000 hosts

Liaise with Accompong & key Salary support 1 day per $5,000 $780,000 tourism interests week for three years

Prepare signage etc $250,000

Prepare History guidebook Consultant 5 days $12,000 $60,000

Print 5000 copies 5000 $250 $1,250,000

Management & Accounting $1,501,335

Total $11,510,235

Phase 2 •Continue research into the history of the area •Research the location of artefacts associated with the area (including military relics that may have disappeared in the 1980’s when metal detectors seem to have been used to search the Flagstaff area •Begin a small development at the Kojo Town site near Petty River Bottom so that visitors may rest, consume and, of course, use a rest room. The latter is a critical requirement but immense care must be taken that this development does not detract from the site where the Maroon Treaty was signed. The “artist’s impression presented in section 2.7.6 above may give some guidance or it may be preferred to use and older style, circular plan, wood and thatch structure. Note that bamboo (bambusa vulgaris) is an exotic, invasive and insidious species (see section 2.5 above), probably introduced during the plantation era. It probably would not have been available to Kojo and its use should not be encouraged in Cockpit Country. The community feels strongly that local materials should be used, rather than blocks and mortar. (The restrooms will be designed in accordance with Activity 7.1.13. (see below) appropriate sewage disposal technology.

Originally prepared by Michael Schwartz SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2

•Use maps. sketches and descriptions of action to map out and geo-reference the various phases of the Maroon Wars. •Develop and clear hiking trails to follow the various ill-advised sorties of the British Military during the Second Maroon War. •Prepare booklet describing the Maroon Wars •Use the analysis of Maroon strategy to produce documentary-type film to highlight the significance of Cockpit Country landscape to the Maroon struggle. •Restore denuded hillsides in the general area of the heritage sites using native species and guidelines specified in section below •Develop an atlas of plants associated with Maroons and develop signage along trails to highlight these plants •Highlight the Vaughan’s Field (now Vaughansfield) British base and relate it to the different geology that prevails in this area. •Bring together Government, JNHT, Maroons and Trelawny Town community to develop a Conservation Plan for the 1,500 acres given to the Maroons by the Treaty Project Budget (phase 2)

Activity Details Qty Unit Unit Total Price Literature search (Jamaica and UK) Consultant Anthropologist 10 days $20,000 $200,000 Inventory and assess historic sites and Consultant Archaeologist 15 days $20,000 $300,000 artefacts Per diem and travel for JNHT personnel 15 days $5,000 $75,000 Local assistance 60 mandays $1,500 $90,000 Build huts and rest rooms at Kojo Town Material 2 huts $20,000 $40,000 Labour 2 huts $20,000 $40,000 Professional fees " - $20,000 $20,000 Map and georeference the phases of the Consultant 20 days $20,000 $400,000 Wars. Local Assistance 80 mandays $1,500 500,000 Per diem and travel for JNHT personnel 20 days $5,000 $100,000 Clear and restore hiking trails Local assistance 120 mandays $1,500 $180,000 Prepare and print Booklet Consultant 5 days $12,000 $60,000 Print 5000 copies 5000 units $250 $1,250,000 Prepare documentary film Producer 20 days $25,000 $500,000 Materials " - $100,000 $100,000 Burn 200 DVD's 200 units $1,000 $200,000 Restore denuded hillsides 2 hectares $500,000 $1,000,000 Develop an atlas of plants and Community members 10 mandays $1,500 $15,000 associated signage. Maroons (Accompong) 10 mandays $1,500 $15,000 Consultant 5 days $12,000 $60,000 Print 5000 copies 5000 units $250 $1,250,000 Highlight Vaughan's Field (signage etc) $100,000 $100,000 Develop a Conservation Plan for 1500 Workshop (3days) 3 days $100,000 $300,000 acres. Survey the 1500 acres $100,000 $100,000 Administration and accounting $1,049,250 TOTAL $8,044,250

Originally prepared by Michael Schwartz SW Cockpit Country LFMC Project #2

Phase 3 Continue research into the history, with special reference to linkages with Nova Scotia, Sierra Leone and the Ashanti origin of the Maroons Hold workshop to develop new cultural activities for the site, possibly with re-enactment of critical battles. Provide nice, red, woolen soldier’s uniforms for visitors to experience the plight of the British soldiers. Organise an annual Cockpit Country Cultural Heritage Festival. Project Budget (phase 3)

Activity Details Qty Unit Unit Price Total

Literature search (Jamaica and UK) Consultant Anthropologist 5 days $20,000 $100,000

Workshop (3 days) 3 days $100,000 $300,000

Purchase / manufacture 10 military 10 $30,000 $300,000 uniforms

Organise Festival Start-up funds 1 $1,000,000 $1,000,000

Administration and Accounting $255,000

TOTAL $1,955,000

Project Sustainability On completion of the project activities, the Flagstaff Maroon Community will have the capacity to continue as there will be a trained and motivated team of young women and men to implement the activities and it is expected that the Maroon mystique, properly packed and with a suite of interesting activities will be able to attract substantial tourism interest from nearby Montego Bay.

Project Administration The project will be administered on a day-to-day basis by the Flagstaff Maroon Community under the overall monitoring of the SW LFMC.

Track Record The Flagstaff Maroon Community does not have a formal track record (and in fact some assistance will be necessary for it to become a formal N.G.O.. The community spirit is nevertheless immediately obvious to any visitor to the site and it is noteworthy that the existing community centre on Tramping Ground was built by volunteer community labour during the late 1990’s

Originally prepared by Michael Schwartz