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PG Diploma in Waste Management & Environmental Hygiene

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PG Diploma in Waste Management & Environmental Hygiene Course 6 Waste Management as Project Management and GIS PG Diploma in Waste Management & Environmental Hygiene Mahatma Gandhi National Council of Rural Education Hyderabad - 500004 Foreword Manifold increase in quality of life and high percentage of consumption of resources has resulted in unexpected and negative impact on the urban environment. Cities face the gigantic task of managing huge amount of wastes generated on a day-to-day basis, the rising costs, safe disposal technology and methodology and the terrible impact of waste both locally and globally. There is a need for a paradigm shift in the approach of waste disposal to waste processing and waste recycling by involving public-private partnerships with the ultimate aim of waste minimization. Global demand for waste management is increasing due to new legal requirements and urbanization. A typical waste project management would include the following - establishing functional waste management units; developing strategic master plans and feasibility studies; designing documents; supply and work contract management; supervising construction/implementation; providing support to authorities/companies on system operations; and monitoring and evaluating the project for due successful completion. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are sophisticated modern technologies to capture, store, manipulate, analyze and display spatial data into thematic layers of digital maps. GIS along with Global Positioning System – GPS and Remote Sensing – RS assist in the recording of spatial data and the direct use of these data for analysis and cartographic representation. The most widespread application of GIS in waste management is in landfill siting, optimizing waste collection and transport, estimating solid waste generation, and waste generation forecasting at the local level. This course on Waste Management as Project Management and GIS is suitable for students of all streams - Commerce, Humanities, Science, Management, Journalism, Mass Media, Healthcare services (B Pharm, Social Work), Education, and Engineering. The extent of environmental damage and the innovations in combating the issues require scientific understanding of the subject. The subject has vast possibilities and several interlinking themes. There is extensive scope to explore and experience different aspects of sanitation, pollution, environmental hygiene and waste management during classroom learning, practical experiments in field and laboratory, internship and dissertation. There is a sea of opportunity in this field of waste management and environmental hygiene, and an urgent need of skilled as well as dedicated workers to make our country clean and green. Nature has interlinked realms. Similarly, subjects dealt in this course cannot be compartmentalized. They necessarily have to merge with one another. It is therefore important that students try to make these linkages in their minds rather than treating subjects in isolation. Students can make the most of this learning opportunity as they prepare to launch their careers in a field that holds great premise. Dr. W G Prasanna Kumar Chairman, MGNCRE C6 - WASTE MANAGEMENT AS PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND GIS ii MGNCRE Acknowledgement This Post Graduate Diploma course on Waste Management and Environmental Hygiene is a cumulative effort of several sincere and committed visionaries and academicians. Envisioned by Shri VLVSS Subba Rao, Senior Economic Advisor, MHRD, the curriculum took shape under his keen guidance. The sincerity with which the course curriculum was completed and published can be assessed from the fact that a prior National Consultation Workshop was held with several subject matter experts and academicians across the country, to review the contents of the course material. The workshop was held to familiarize Central, State and Private Universities, local and social bodies with the contents of the curriculum and to discuss and share feedback on ways to improve the course curriculum. The workshop also focused on building industry–academia partnerships in Waste Management and Environmental Hygiene through an intellectual interaction. The findings and inputs of the consultation were subsequently incorporated in the course material. Special gratitude and thanks to Shri VLVSS Subba Rao, Senior Economic Advisor, MHRD, GoI Shri S A Khader, Retd Joint Director,Commissioner & Director ofMunicipal Administration, GoAP Dr. B Madhusudan Rao, Joint Chief Environmental Engineer, AP Pollution Control Board, Vijayawada Ms. Anita Antoo, Operations Manager, Apollo Hospital, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad Shri S N Umakanth, Sr. Manager, ITC Well-being Out of Waste (WOW) Project Shri Siva Subbarayudu Kasturi, Kama Consulting Group Shri Muthu Kumaraswamy Maganti, Principal Consultant, CB, IEBC Strategy Mr. M. Goutham Reddy, MD & CEO, Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited Major Shiv Kiran, Consultant, Centre for Urban Governance and Environment, ASCI, Hyderabad And the participants including facultyfromCentral, State& PrivateUniversities,IITs,NITs,Govt/Local Bodies - Dr. Hirok Chaudhuri, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Physics, NIT Durgapur Dr. G. Praveena Bai, NSS Coordinator, Head, Dept. of Hindi, Telangana University Dr. Nidhi Saxena, Asst. Prof., Dept. of Law, NSS Coordinator, Sikkim University Dr. T. Shashidhar, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering IIT Hyderabad Prof. Smita Jha, Prof., Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences IIT Roorkee Dr. Sujata Ray, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Earth Sciences, IISER Kolkata Dr. ArundhutiGhatak, Asst. Prof., Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, IISER Bhopal Dr. Rajesh Chatterjee, Asst. Prof., & NSS Coordinator, Dept. of Tribal and Ethnic Studies, Tripura University Dr. Shivaji Ramchandra Pacharane, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Geography, S. P. Pune University Prof. Jyoti Kumar Sharma, Prof. & Head, Center for Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Shiv Nadar University Dr. Jastin Samuel, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Bio Engg. and Bio Sciences, Lovely Professional University Dr. Efthikar Ahmed B., Asst. Prof., Dept. of English and Comparative Literature, Central University of Kerala Dr. Vivek Singh, Asst. Prof. & NSS Officer, Dept. of Education, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh Dr. Naga Chaitanya Kavuri, Assoc. Dean (Waste Management) & Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civil Engg., KL University Dr. S. Sankar, Prof. & Head, Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai Dr Pravin Dange, Head, Dept. of Academics, Symbiosis International University, Pune Dr. ManikprabhuDhanorkar, Dy. Head, Dept. of Symbiosis Centre for Waste Resource Management, Pune Prof. ChannaveerRachayya, Dean & Head, Dept. of Social Work, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Central University of Karnataka Shri SrikarJammalamadaka, VP, PalleSrujana Voluntary Organisation/Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra Dr. SoamiSatsangee, Prof., Dept of University Sustainable Innovation Centre (USIC), Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra C6 - WASTE MANAGEMENT AS PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND GIS iii MGNCRE Dr. V S Ramachandran, Sr. Asst. Prof., Centre for Environmental Studies, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore Dr. Anand Sharma, Assoc. Prof. & Head, Dept. of Management Studies, Central University of Haryana Prof. Anil Dutt Vyas, Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering (Environmental Engineering), Manipal University, Jaipur Dr. M V S SGiridhar, Assoc. Prof., Centre for Water Resources, JNTU, Hyderabad Sincere thanks to writers/editors/illustrators - Ms. Archana Waran, Dr. Prachi P, Dr. Ananthavalli Ramesh, Dr. Rekha KN, Ms. Archana Sonti, Ms. G. Vani Jagadiswari, Mr. Murali Ramaswamy, Ms. Anasuya V, Ms. Padma J, Mr. Sivaram G, and MGNCRE team members who have contributed to bring out this curriculum. C6 - WASTE MANAGEMENT AS PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND GIS iv MGNCRE Contents Objectives and Introduction Chapter 1 Overview of Waste and Resource 1.1 Knowing Waste 1.2 Waste management: Scenario in India and abroad 1.3 Managing waste 1.4 Waste management in India 1.5 Scientific waste management Chapter 2 Conception of Project 2.1 Sustainable development goals and waste management connect 2.2 Context based approaches of managing wastes 2.3 Project Management – Conception and Approach 2.4 Project Management – Planning, Build-up, Implementation and closeout design and development Chapter 3 Changing Waste Market Survey 3.1 Changing Scenarios 3.2 Waste Markets – Recycling trends and Status in India 3.3 Circular Economy – Market linkages and waste management credits perspective 3.4 Technological management and interventions Chapter 4 Practices and Innovation 4.1 Practices and innovation in waste management 4.2 Common Waste Management Practices & Strategies – CAMS, CMS 4.3 Management, mitigation, monitoring and verification – NAMAs 4.4 Backup services and technological innovation Chapter 5 Skill Development and Job Opportunities 5.1 Skill development and job opportunities 5.2. Opportunities in waste management sector and addressing redundancy 5.3. Contracting and sub-contracting, Out-sourcing and in-sourcing 5.4. Demand Management Chapter 6 Project Management of Waste 6.1 Waste Management Plan – Costing/Affordability, market requirement 6.2 PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique), CPM (Critical Path Method) 6.3 Application of GIS in Solid Waste Management 6.4 GPS and GIS based approach of managing wastes References C6 - WASTE MANAGEMENT AS PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND GIS v MGNCRE List of Tables 2.1 Project Management -Planning, Build-up Implementation and Close out Design
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