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Abstracts 2003Hot! บทคัดยอโครงการวิจัยและวิทยานิพนธ 2546 การประชุมวิชาการประจําปโครงการ BRT ครั้งท ี่ 7 13-16 ตุลาคม 2546 โรงแรมโลตัส ปางสวนแกว จังหวัดเชียงใหม Abtracts : Research and Thesis 2003 7th BRT Annual Conference 13-16 October, 2003. The Lotus Hotel Pang Suan Kaew, Chiang Mai จัดพิมพโดย : โครงการพฒนาองคั ความรูและศึกษานโยบายการจดการทรั ัพยากรชวภาพในประเทศไทยี (โครงการ BRT) 73/1 อาคาร สวทช. ถ.พระรามท ี่ 6 เขตราชเทว ี กรุงเทพฯ 10400 โทรศัพท 0-2644-8150-4 ตอ 552-553 โทรสาร 0-2644-8106 http://brt.biotec.or.th บรรณาธิการ : วิสุทธ ิ์ ใบไม และ รังสิมา ตัณฑเลขา กองบรรณาธิการ : จาร ุ ชุมโรย, John Milne, กนกอร โคตรนนท และ สุกัญญา ประกอบธรรม ปก : ชัยเชษฐ ตันถิ่นทอง พิมพที่ : บริษัทจิรวฒนั เอ็กซเพรส จํากัด โทรศัพท 0-2539-6596 โทรสาร 0-2931-0828 กันยายน 2546 สําหรับการอางอ ิง : (หนังสือ-บรรณาธิการ) : วิสุทธ ิ์ ใบไม และ รังสิมา ตัณฑเลขา (บรรณาธิการ) 2546. บทคัดยอโครงการวิจัยและ วิทยานพนธิ 2546. จัดพมพิ โดยโครงการ BRT. บริษัทจิรวัฒน เอ็กซเพรส จํากัด กรุงเทพฯ. 163 หนา. (บทความในหนังสือ) : ปริญดา ตั้งปญญาพร และ ละออศร ี เสนาะเมือง. 2546. การแพรกระจายของไรน้ํานางฟาและ แพลงกตอนสัตวในแหลงน้ําชั่วคราวในเขตจังหวัดสกลนครและนครพนม. ใน : บทคัดยอ โครงการวิจัยและวิทยานิพนธ 2546, วิสุทธ ิ์ ใบไม และ รังสิมา ตัณฑเลขา (บรรณาธิการ). หนา 11. จัดพมพิ โดยโครงการ BRT. บริษัทจิรวัฒน เอ็กซเพรส จํากัด กรุงเทพฯ. ISBN : 974-229-523-9 Published by : Biodiversity Research and Training Program (BRT) NSTDA Building 73/1, RamaVI Road, Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: 0-2644-8150-4 Ext. 552-553 Fax: 0-2644-8106 Editors : Visut Baimai and Rungsima Tantalakha Editorial Board : Jaru Chumroi, John Milne, Kanokorn Kotrnon, Sukanya Prakobtum Covers : Chaiyachet Thanthinthong Printed by : Jirawat Express Co.,Ltd. Tel: 0-2539-6596 Fax: 0-2931-0828 September 2003 For Citation : (Book-edited): Baimai, V. and R. Tantalakha (eds.) 2003. Abtracts: BRT Research and Thesis 2003. BRT Program. Jirawat Express Co.,Ltd., Bangkok. 163 pp. (Paper- edited): Tungpunyaporn, P. and L. Sanoamuang. 2003. Distribution of Fairy Shrimps and Zooplankton in Temporary Waters in Sakon Nakhon and Nakhon Phanom Provinces: An Example of ‘Hidden Species’. In Abtracts: BRT Research and Thesis 2003, V. Baimai and R. Tantalakha (eds.). p. 11. BRT Program. Jirawat Express Co.,Ltd., Bangkok. สารบัญ กลุม 1. จุลินทรียและไลเคน 1-9 กล ุม 2. สาหรายและแพลงกตอน 10-23 กล ุม 3. พืช 24-44 กลุม 4. สัตวไมมีกระดูกสันหลัง 45-63 กล ุม 5. สัตวมีกระดูกสันหลัง 64-80 กลุม 6. โครงการความรวมมือระหวางนักวิจัยจากไทยและฝรั่งเศส (TRF - CNRS) ดานความหลากหลายทางชวภาพี 81-89 กลุม 7. ชุดโครงการทองผาภูมิตะวันตก 90-116 กล ุม 8. นิเวศวิทยา 117-133 กล ุม 9. ภูมิปญญาทองถิ่น 134-142 กลุม 10. การใชประโยชน 143-160 ดัชนีผูแตง 161-163 ฟงไจทเจรี่ ิญในตนพืชปาไมเนื้อออนในเขตอุทยานแหงชาติสุเทพ-ปุย จ. เชยงใหมี สายสมร ลํายอง1, เนาวรัตน ชีพธรรม1, วิพรพรรณ โพธิตา1, อุรัตน พิมลศร1ี , สุธีรา ทองกันทา1, บุญสม บุษบรรณ1 , วารินทร เตจะ1 และ พิภพ ลํายอง2 1ภาควิชาชีววิทยา คณะวิทยาศาสตร มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม อ. เมือง จ. เชียงใหม 50200, 2ภาควิชาโรคพืช คณะเกษตรศาสตร มหาวิทยาลัยเชยงใหมี อ. เมองื จ. เชียงใหม 50200 ศึกษานิเวศของราเอนโดไฟทและพืชอาศัยโดยเก็บตัวอยางตนพืชปาที่เปนไมเนื้อออนจํานวน 7 ชนิด (หวาย เตารั้ง กุก ขาปา น้ํานมราชสีห สาปเสือ และกลวยปา) ในบริเวณอุทยานแหงชาติสุเทพ-ปุย เชียงใหม ตลอด 3 ฤดู และตางบริเวณที่อยู ทําการ ฆาเชื้อที่ผิวของตัวอยางพืช และแยกราเอนโดไฟทที่งอกออกมาจากภายในเนื้อเยื่อพืชสวนตางๆ หลังจากการบมบน malt extract agar ที่ประกอบดวย rose Bengal และ antibiotic ที่อุณหภูมิหอง ราเอนโดไฟทที่แยกไดโดยรวมพบความหลากหลาย แตกตางกันขึ้นกับชนิดของพืชอาศัย สวนของเนื้อเยื่อพืช ฤดูกาล หรือแหลงที่ศึกษา พบราเอนโดไฟท Xylariaceous taxa และ เชื้อราที่ไมสรางสปอร เปนเชื้อเดนพบไดทั่วไปในพืชทั้ง 7 ชนิด Guignardia cocoicola พบมากในพืชวงศปาลม และกลวยปา Colletotrichum spp. พบดวยความถี่สูงในสาปเสือ น้ํานมราชสีห พืชวงศขิง และกลวยปา Phomopsis spp. เปนเชื้อรากลุมที่ พบมากในสาปเสือ และพืชวงศขิง นอกจากนี้ในพืชวงศขิงยังพบรากลุม Ascomycetes ชนิดใหม (Gaeumannomyces amomi และ Leiosphaerella amomi) และ Pyricularia 3 ชนิดใหม การใชเทคนิคทางชีวโมเลกุล (ตรวจลําดับเบสที่ ITS regions และ 5.8 S rDNA) ยืนยันไดวา Pyricularia ดังกลาวมีความแตกตางกัน และเมื่อสํารวจคุณสมบัติของราเอนโดไฟทในการสรางสาร ออกฤทธิ์ที่ตานราสาเหตุโรคพืช พบวาราเอนโดไฟท Fusarium sp. CMUEF6R-3 และ G. cocoicola CMUBE1415 สามารถ ยับยั้งการเจริญของราสาเหตุโรคขาว (Pyricularia oryzae) และราสาเหตุโรคกลวย (Colletotrichum musae และ F. oxysporum) ไดดีตามลําดับ และไดรายงานสภาพที่เหมาะสมตอราเอนโดไฟทในการสรางสารยับยั้ง Endophytic Fungi of Native Herbaceous Plants in Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai S. Lumyong1, N. Cheeptham1, W. Photita1, U. Pimolsri1, S. Thongkantha1, B. Bussaban1, W. Techa1 and P. Lumyong2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, 2Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200 The objective of this study is to ecologically investigate endophytic fungi and their hosts. Endophytic fungi were isolated from 7 different herbaceous plants (Calamus kerrianus, Wallichia caryotoides, Amomum siamense, Alpinia malaccensis, Euphobia thymifolia, Eupatorium odoratum and Musa acuminata) growing in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park. Surface-sterilized plant tissues were placed on malt extract agar containing rose Bengal and antibiotics, and incubated at room temperature. The endophytic fungi isolated in this study were found to be a diverse depending on the plant species, plant tissues, seasons or study areas. Xylariaceous taxa and mycelia sterilia were dominant fungal taxa isolated from these plants. Colletotrichum spp. were also dominant in A. siamense, A. malaccensis, E. thymifolia, E. odoratum and M. acuminata. Guignardia cocoicola was frequently isolated from C. kerrianus, W. caryotoides and M. acuminata while Phomopsis spp. were frequently isolated from A. siamense, A. malaccensis and E. odoratum. Moreover, two new ascomycetes (Gaeumannomyces amomi and Leiosphaerella amomi) and three unidentified species of Pyricularia were discovered from A. siamense and A. malaccensis. Molecular techniques (ITS regions including 5.8 S rDNA sequencing) have confirmed that these Pyricularia species are distinct. After screening for endophytic fungi which can produce antifungal compounds against plant pathogens, Fusarium sp. CMUEF6R-3 and G. coccoicola CMUBE1415 were found to have the highest activity against the rice pathogens (Pyricularia oryzae) and banana pathogens (Colletotrichum musae and F. oxysporum), respectively. The optimum conditions for these two endophytes to produce antifungal compound is reported. 1 รวมเลมบทค ัดยอโครงการวิจัยและวิทยานิพนธ การประชุมวิชาการประจําปโครงการ BRT ครั้งที่ 7 13-16 ตุลาคม 2546 โรงแรมโลตัส ปางสวนแกว จ.เชียงใหม ความสัมพันธเชิงวิวัฒนาการในระดับโมเลกุลของเอคโตไมคอรไรซาและไมวงศ ยาง ทวีรัตน วิจิตรสนทรกุ ุล1, ทัศนีย ยุทธสิทธิ์โยธิน1, ฒาลิศา ยุวอมรพิทักษ1, อัมพร ศุภตระกูล2 และ สุญาณี เวสสบุตร3 1คณะทรัพยากรชีวภาพและเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกลาธนบุรี ทาขาม บางขุนเทียน กรุงเทพฯ 10150 2ศูนยพันธุวิศวกรรมและเทคโนโลยีชีวภาพแหงชาติ อ. คลองหลวง จ. ปทุมธานี 12120, 3สวนพฤกษศาสตรสมเด็จพระนางเจาสิริกิติ์ อ. แมริม จ. เชยงใหมี 50180 จากการจําแนกชนิดและหาความสัมพันธในเชิงวิวัฒนาการระหวางเอคโตไมคอรไรซาของไมวงศยาง โดยใชลําดับนิวคลีโอไทด ใน ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacers) ของ nuclear ribosomal DNA ของไมวงศยาง 17 ชนิด (species) ทั่วประเทศไทย พบวาราที่พบมากเปนอันดับแรกคือราในกลุม Thelephoroid ซึ่งพบอาศัยอยูกับไมวงศยาง 10 ชนิด รองลงมาคือ ราในกลุม Russuloid ราในวงศ Sclerodermataceae และในกลุม Euagaric ซึ่งอยูรวมกับไมวงศยาง 11, 10 และ 7 ชนิด ตามลําดับ ดังนั้น เอคโตไมคอรไรซาที่พบสวนใหญจึงเปนราที่อาศยอยั ูกับไมวงศยางไดหลายชนิด สวนการหาความสัมพันธของไมวงศ ยางในเชิงวิวัฒนาการจากลําดับนิวคลีโอไทดของ trnL-trnF intergenic spacer ในไมโตคอนเดรียนั้น สามารถแบงไมในวงศนี้ เปนสามกลุม กลุมแรกประกอบดวยสกุล Dipterocarpus ซึ่งมีความใกลชิดทางวิวัฒนาการสูงมาก กลุมที่สองประกอบดวยสกุล Shorea และ Hopea สวนกลุมสุดทายประกอบดวยสกุลอื่นๆ ไดแก Parashorea, Anisoptera และ Vatica สวนสกุล Cotylelobium ไมอยูในทั้งสามกลุม ในการวิเคราะหขั้นตนยังไมพบความสัมพันธของสิ่งมีชีวิตทั้งสองในเชิงวิวัฒนาการ แต พบวาราเอคโตไมคอรไรซาบางชนิดพบอยูกับไมวงศยางในบางพื้นที่เทานั้น ดังนั้น การกระจายชนิดของเชื้อราอาจขึ้นอยูกับ สภาพพื้นที่และสภาพแวดลอมดวย Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships between Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Dipterocarps T. Vichitsoonthonkul1, T. Yutthasityothin1, T. Yuwa-amornpitak1, A. Supatrakul2, S. Vessabutra3 1King Mongkut University of Technology Thonburi, School of Bioresource and Technology Thakham, Bangkhuntein, Bangkok 10150, 2National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Klong Luang, Patumthani 12120 3Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180 Ectomycorrhizal fungi in Dipterocarps were identified using molecular biology techniques in this study. The ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacers) sequences of nuclear rDNA identified fungi in the Thelphoroid group as the most abundant and these fungi are associated with 10 species of Dipterocarps. The next most dominant groups are the Russuloid group and the family Sclerodermataceae which colonized 11 and 10 species of Dipterocarpacea, respectively. Therefore, most of the encountered fungi are multiple host symbionts. Phylogenetic relationships of Dipterocarpaceae were inferred using a distance method from trnL-trnF spacer regions. This subfamily into three major groups. The first group comprised all species in the genus Dipterocarparcus while the taxa in the genera Shorea and Hopea were included in the second group. However, the species in Dipterocarpus were poorly resolved. The last group comprised species in the genera Parashorea, Anisoptera and Vatica. Furthermore,
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