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Hertfordshire Minerals Planning DRAFT Local Aggregate

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Hertfordshire Minerals Planning DRAFT Local Aggregate Hertfordshire Minerals Planning DRAFT Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 0 Contents Contents 1 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 2 Introduction 3 3 GEOLOGY OF HERTFORDSHIRE 3 Sand and Gravel 4 Chalk 5 Clay 6 Hard Rock 6 Marine Aggregates 6 4 SAND AND GRAVEL SALES 7 Extraction Sites 9 Apportionments 11 Local approach to determining apportionment figures 13 Landbank of permitted mineral reserves 14 Timeline for mineral planning 15 5 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS 15 Imports – Sand and Gravel 16 Imports – Marine sources 16 Imports – Crushed Rock 17 Exports – Sand and Gravel 17 Sales and Construction 19 Rail Aggregate Depots 19 Brick Clay 21 Chalk 21 6 SECONDARY AND RECYCLED AGGREGATE 22 Inert Waste Management in Hertfordshire 23 Secondary and Recycled Aggregate Sources 24 Expected Contribution to Supply 25 7 FUTURE AGGREGATES SUPPLY AND DEMAND 26 Supply 26 Potential Future Supply from Preferred Areas 28 Demand 29 Population Projections 29 Housing completions and forecast 29 Key Planned Infrastructure Requirements 31 8 CONCLUSION 32 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Sand and gravel sales compared with permitted reserves in Hertfordshire since 2007 Table 2: Permitted sand and gravel extraction in Hertfordshire with reserves Table 3: Landbanks for sand and gravel in Hertfordshire in 2011 Table 4: Hertfordshire’s primary aggregates imports and exports (2009) Table 5: Sales and consumption in 2009 Table 6: Permitted chalk extraction sites in Hertfordshire Table 7: Provision of sand and gravel in Hertfordshire to 2027 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Geological map of the main mineral resources of Hertfordshire Figure 2: Sales of sand and gravel in Hertfordshire 2003-2012 Figure 3: Geology of Hertfordshire with permitted sand and gravel sites Figure 4: Comparison of Hertfordshire’s total sand and gravel sales 2003-2012 and apportionment levels Figure 5: Hertfordshire’s rail aggregate depots Figure 6: Location of permitted sites in Hertfordshire for the production of recycled/secondary aggregates Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 1 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 The county council has a duty under the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) to produce a Local Aggregate Assessment (LAA). The LAA will be considered by the members of the East of England Aggregates Working Party. 1.2 The LAA is an evidence base document for the review of the Minerals Local Plan. Its primary purpose is to set out aggregate supply and demand to calculate landbanks and acts as a monitoring report for aggregates. For Hertfordshire the aggregates reported are land won sand and gravel and secondary and recycled aggregates. The county does not have any reserves of hard rock. The LAA is updated annually to provide an up-to-date picture of the sand and gravel reserves and sales in the county over the last ten years and compares this with the predicted future land-won aggregate need whilst taking into account the imports and exports of sand and gravel and secondary and recycled aggregates. 1.3 The headline figures for 2014 show that extraction is steadily continuing at the active sand and gravel sites. One new site has been granted permission at Thorley Hall Farm with restoration to an agricultural reservoir, although is currently inactive. This however, has not added significantly to the reserves. As a result the reserves are showing a steady decline. There remain two other inactive sites in the county. The permitted reserves can supply aggregate for a period of 11.3 years based on Hertfordshire’s current apportionment of 1.39 million tonnes. 1.4 Sales of sand and gravel are increasing, as they did last year. At 1.21 million tonnes, they are above the ten year and three year averages. As a comparison, the ten year average sales figure is 1.13 million tonnes and the three year average is 1.15 million tonnes. In terms of the destination of these sales, 57% was sold within Herts with 22% to the rest of the East of England area and 21% to other destinations in the UK. 1.5 The county council intends to continue to use the sub-regional apportionment figure for the planning of sand and gravel in Hertfordshire, which is in line with the East of England Aggregates Working Party’s collectively agreed approach to plan making. 1.6 Of the sites listed in the adopted Minerals Local Plan with potential to extract sand and gravel, two of the three Preferred Areas have come forward already, leaving one remaining site due to come forward. Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 2 2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 The Government recognises the importance of minerals to support sustainable economic growth and our quality of life. They are a finite resource and can only be worked where they are found. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (March 2012) paragraph 145 requires Minerals Planning Authorities to monitor aggregate production and plan for a steady and adequate supply of aggregates. 2.2 This document has been prepared to fulfil the requirement introduced within the NPPF to produce an annual Local Aggregate Assessment (LAA). It has been prepared in line with guidance within the National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG) and POS/MPA Practice Guidance on the production and use of LAAs living document (April 2015). 2.3 The purpose of the LAA is to assess the current local mineral provision against the requirements detailed in the NPPF and NPPG, including the Government’s Guidance on Managed Aggregate Supply System which has now been incorporated into the NPPG. The document details performance in line with the East of England Aggregates Working Party. It also reviews guidance from the government’s Department for Communities and Local Government relating to the NPPF. The county council will update this document on an annual basis and will use its contents to inform the review of Hertfordshire’s Minerals Local Plan. 2.4 This LAA details the current supply and demand in Hertfordshire, from which information relating to existing sites, reserves and aggregate apportionment levels to 2031 (plan period for the new Minerals Local Plan), based on the agreed East of England apportionment figure and rolling average of ten years sales data and other relevant local information, is included within this document. Other potential sources of aggregates are included, namely secondary and recycled aggregates, imports and exports. 3 GEOLOGY OF HERTFORDSHIRE 3.1 The main mineral resources in Hertfordshire are sand and gravel with smaller deposits of chalk and brick clay (as shown in Figure 1). 3.2 The geology of Hertfordshire is largely Chalk of the Cretaceous period, overlain in the south and east by London Clay. In the far north and northwest of the county are small areas of Gault Clay. Throughout much of the county, the superficial deposits which overlay the solid geology complicate the picture. These include the Clay-with-flints of much of west Hertfordshire; including the Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 3 Chilterns dip slope; the boulder clay of central and east Hertfordshire; and the gravels of the Vale of St Albans and the river valleys.1 3.3 Sand, gravel, crushed rock, chalk and clay all provide the construction industry with the raw materials required for constructing and maintaining roads, buildings and other infrastructure. Minerals are also essential elements in the production of a variety of other products. An adequate and steady supply of minerals is essential if current standards of living are to be maintained in society as well as meeting basic needs for quality of life, such as shelter. Figure 1: Geological map of the main mineral resources of Hertfordshire 2 © Crown copyright and database rights 2014 Ordnance Survey 100019606 Reproduced with the permission of the British Geological Survey ©NERC. All rights Reserved Sand and Gravel 3.4 Sand and gravel resources occur in Hertfordshire within superficial or ‘drift’ deposits, subdivided into fluvioglacial sand and gravel, glacial sand and gravel, river terrace deposits and sub-alluvial deposits.3 1 Biodiversity Action Plan for Hertfordshire 2006, www.hef.org.uk 2 BGS & ODPM, 2003, Technical report CR/03/075/N Mineral Resource Information in support of National, Regional and Local Planning: Hertfordshire and Northwest London Boroughs 3 BGS & ODPM, 2003, Technical report CR/03/075/N Mineral Resource Information in support of National, Regional and Local Planning: Hertfordshire and Northwest London Boroughs Local Aggregate Assessment 2015 4 3.5 Sand and gravel deposits are found in most parts of the county although they are concentrated in an area south of a line between Bishops Stortford in the east and Hemel Hempstead in the west (often referred to as the sand and gravel belt). This area covers the whole of the District Council areas of Three Rivers, Watford, Hertsmere, Welwyn Hatfield and Broxbourne. Large parts of the City and District of St Albans and East Hertfordshire are covered, together with a small part of Dacorum. North Hertfordshire and Stevenage Districts fall outside the sand and gravel belt. 3.6 Of the sub-alluvial gravel deposits, these occur within the valleys of the rivers Mimram, Ver and Colne of St Albans and Hemel Hempstead areas. Resources have in many cases been extensively worked and exhausted in the Ver and Colne valleys. 3.7 Sand and gravel from Hertfordshire is mostly used by the construction industry. Most is washed and screened to remove clay particles and to separate the various sized stones and larger stones are usually crushed and screened again. Most sand extracted in Hertfordshire is sharp sand and is suitable for making concrete (when mixed with various selections of gravel sizes, cement and water). 3.8 Crushed rock (imported to Hertfordshire) may be used in place of local gravel, but sand may only be substituted by fines from crushed rock which is more costly to use because of its lesser binding properties.
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