DOCSLIB.ORG

ABMC 2012 Presentation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ABMC 2012 Presentation Evolution or Devolution: Toyohiko Kagawa’s Attempt to Create a Stable Cooperatives-based World Federation in an Apoplectic Era Toyohiko Kagawa: 1888-1960 Stig Lindberg 11/18/2012 3rd Annual ABMC, Ramada Inn, Osaka Why Economic Cooperatives & Why Kagawa? 2012: United Nations’ Year of the Economic • “It is almost cliché´ toCooperative say that those who do not know history are bound to repeat it. That usually is applied to the history of errors. Yet those who know the history of great ideas, the figures who thought them and moved them from theory to reality, do not mind and may even seek to repeat history.” • “…the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer…our environment is being mined with increasingly calamitous results. If democratic countries are to preserve their political democracy in the face of multinational business, they need to build their economic democracy.” • “In remembering Toyohiko Kagawa, we in the cooperative movement are reminded that the actions of an individual may have a profound influence on the world. Cooperative economy is a promising idea. The effective communication of that idea makes all the difference.” (A Discussion Course on Cooperatives. East End Food Co-op. Pittsburgh, 2007. pp. 11, 12, 21) “Civilization needs a new operating system” (Paul Hawken) rd • Rash of capitalism is broken & 3 Way books & orgs. – The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism (David Harvey) – Beyond the Global Capitalist Crisis: The World Economy in Transition (Berch Berberoglu) – Global Capitalist Crisis and the Second Great Depression: Egalitarian Systemic Models for Change (Armando Navarro) – Global Capitalism: Its Fall and Rise in the Twentieth Century (Jeffry A. Frieden ) – America the Possible (Gus Speth) – Patient Capital (Acumen Fund): a third way that seeks to bridge the gap between the efficiency and scale of market- based approaches and the social impact of pure philanthropy. Kagawa’s New Operating System: • Trade unionism • Guild Cooperativism/Collectivism/Democracy • Industrial democracy • Brotherhood Economics/Christian Socialism • “Dynamic Socialized Personalism” • 「動的人格的社会化主義」 “Dynamic Socialized Personalism” To create a more just & equitable society focused on individual dignity – Structure: • Producers’ cooperatives: 1. Emphasize personal dignity & creativity 2. Increase productivity through this empowerment 3. Increase efficiencies for the betterment of society • Consumers’ cooperatives: 1. Eliminate middleman 2. Help ensure fair price for producers 3. Regulate consumption with the aim of making consumption an art. Eliminate waste & conspicuous consumption Kagawa’s Political Economy: “dynamic subjective personhood-based society- building” True Industrial Democracy is premised upon a collective social consciousness, overcomes exploitation, returns profits, regulates concentration of wealth, creates a commonwealth based on one-person, one- vote, and preserves the integrity of unions to accomplish jobs too large for individuals*, abolishes the management-labor class tension, eliminates unemployment, restores trust & credit and guarantees a minimum living standard. (13:151) Quandary: if the goal is to create a society conducive to personal fulfillment… • Trade Unionism (the form) is a necessary social context for the ultimate goal of liberating the human personality and for self-realization. CONTEXT • A certain degree of personal liberation and self-realization (the substance) is a prerequisite for the cooperative system to succeed, to avoid ossification and to being condemned to just another “perfunctory system.” SUBTEXT Solution: 1905: Kagawa first learns about economic cooperatives by Japanese lecturer (idea) 1916: Kagawa witnesses the textile workers’ strike/ demonstration in Manhattan (idea in action) 1919/20: Kagawa establishes 1st cooperatives 1925 visit to Askov folk higher school, Denmark: “… Kagawa thought he discovered the primary reason for the remarkable success of the Danish Cooperative Movement…advanced education during the off-season…strong craft-orientation… particularly attracted by the program’s successful rationalization of Lutheran pietism into a workingman’s ethic which preserved the intrinsic worth and dignity of manual labor.”(The New Jerusalem: 181)=>Japan Farm Village Evangelical Association, est. 1927 Consumer Cooperative Storefront Solution: Modus Operandi • The Socio-economic Component: – Establish schools to educate the masses in the ideas of Christian Socialism, which includes cooperative economics – Establish a full array of cooperatives 1. Insurance/health 2. Production 3. Marketing: purchasing & selling 4. Credit 5. Education & unemployment 6. Utilities 7. Consumer Solution: Modus Operandi, cont’d. • The Political Component: – Organization of self-governing enterprises – Proletariat takeover of existing parliamentary institutions: • Social Congress: – protect interests of the consumers & nonproletarians (artists, scholars, homemakers, etc.) (New Jerusalem: 227) – Settle legislative, judicial, administrative problems – Charged with promotion of national culture, morality & aesthetics – Power over provisional police force • Industrial Congress : – Oversee conversion from capitalism to state cooperativism, including property communalization – Budgetary control – Supervise annual redistribution of all state surplus – Levy taxes GOVERNMENT OF A CO-OPERATIVE STATE SOVEREIGN SUPREME COURT JUDICIAL CABINET ADMINISTRATIVE LEGISLATIVE Social Congress Industrial Congress Cooperative Labor Union Federation Federation 1. Insurance cooperative Various labor TO INITIATE LEGISLATION 2. Producers’ " unions including 3. Marketing " farmers’ and TO INITIATE LEGISLATION ON ON 4. Credit " fishermen’s •Taxes •Religion, thought, 5. Mutual Aid " organizations •Relation to National education 6. Utilities " Enterprises 7. Consumers’ " •Ethics, art, customs •Changing private property •Diplomacy system to cooperative system •Social Problems •Related economic measures: •Military and Police Affairs budgetary control •National Enterprises •State surplus redistribution •National Budget Union Organization • Unions for each trade would be integrated at the regional and national level into guilds, following the functional conceptualization of the British Guild Socialist, G.D. H. Cole (New Jerusalem:224) • Factories would become pleasant places to work where the laborer would find restored opportunities to create and invent freely in a humanized environment… (loc. Cit.) a la Google, Apple, Oracle, etc. Characteristics of the Guild Government & Society • No political party • All property, with few exceptions, state-owned • Surplus wealth redistributed periodically & equally on basis of need, not merit (productivity): supreme goal= just distribution rather than maximum production • No state seizure of private property, but over time the wealthy would be persuaded to donate their holdings to the state • No wages, but full remuneration (by unspecified means) • State subservient to the individual: no “organic state” • No production of luxury goods (New Jerusalem: 228-232) The Mature Guild Society • “Under the carefully rationalized controls instituted by the Cooperative Diet, overproduction would be completely eliminated and periodic unemployment and cyclical panics would vanish forever.” (New Jerusalem: 229) • “With all accidents, sicknesses (etc.) covered by the national insurance program, with the right to inherit property or wealth abolished, with no luxury items available to arouse the desire for possession, for what really would one save? Freed from the psychopathology of greed and the kinds of anxieties typical of capitalism, man would be absolutely liberated to cultivate his spiritual and aesthetic growth and search for personal salvation.” (New Jerusalem: 229) I Have A Dream “…continuing to write of the coming age of brotherhood and love, a peaceful and nonviolent world founded upon international cooperative institutions. Thus, he looked far beyond the short range goal of Japan, the powerful nation state, to the day when national boundary lines would dissolve, racial and creedal differences would disappear, and all men would respect one another equally as brothers.” (New Jerusalem: 230) Kagawa Invited to Teach Cooperative Economics in U.S. • President Roosevelt invites Kagawa to the U.S. in 1936 to foster the cooperative movement – Dilemma: • Crippled capitalism triggers worldwide depression • Communism & fascism spread as solutions; Pres. Roosevelt pressed to find a solution viable for democratic America and looks to Kagawa as the leader of Japan’s thriving cooperative movement – Kagawa embarks on a whirlwind lecture circuit in the U.S., culminating in his hallmark lecture at Rochester Divinity School, which led to the book Brotherhood Economics Kagawa’s Teaching on Cooperatives in the U.S. • Q: Does the co-operative idea destroy personal initiative? • A: We don’t want to destroy personal initiative. It is too sacred. What we need is the socialization of profit and doing away with the exploitation motive. (Kagawa in Lincoln’s Land: 109) Kagawa Resumes Cooperative Movement after WWII with World Federation in Mind • Ist Asian Council of International Cooperative Alliance held in Hiroshima. Kagawa presides • 3rd conference held in Malaysia in 1958; Kagawa on directorial board • Student Movement in U.S. leads to roughly have the states’ legislatures adopting the World Federation manifest • A similar ratio of prefectures and Diet members in Japan sign on Kagawa en route to Asian Council
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Great Cloud of Witnesses.Indd
    A Great Cloud of Witnesses i ii A Great Cloud of Witnesses A Calendar of Commemorations iii Copyright © 2016 by The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America Portions of this book may be reproduced by a congregation for its own use. Commercial or large-scale reproduction for sale of any portion of this book or of the book as a whole, without the written permission of Church Publishing Incorporated, is prohibited. Cover design and typesetting by Linda Brooks ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-962-3 (binder) ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-966-1 (pbk.) ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-963-0 (ebook) Church Publishing, Incorporated. 19 East 34th Street New York, New York 10016 www.churchpublishing.org iv Contents Introduction vii On Commemorations and the Book of Common Prayer viii On the Making of Saints x How to Use These Materials xiii Commemorations Calendar of Commemorations Commemorations Appendix a1 Commons of Saints and Propers for Various Occasions a5 Commons of Saints a7 Various Occasions from the Book of Common Prayer a37 New Propers for Various Occasions a63 Guidelines for Continuing Alteration of the Calendar a71 Criteria for Additions to A Great Cloud of Witnesses a73 Procedures for Local Calendars and Memorials a75 Procedures for Churchwide Recognition a76 Procedures to Remove Commemorations a77 v vi Introduction This volume, A Great Cloud of Witnesses, is a further step in the development of liturgical commemorations within the life of The Episcopal Church. These developments fall under three categories. First, this volume presents a wide array of possible commemorations for individuals and congregations to observe.
    [Show full text]
  • Exiles in Their Own Land: Japanese Protestant Mission History and Theory in Conversation with Practical Theology
    1 YALE DIVINITY SCHOOL LIBRARY Occasional Publication No. 25 Exiles in their Own Land: Japanese Protestant Mission History and Theory in Conversation with Practical Theology by Thomas John Hastings NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT March, 2018 2 The Occasional Publications of the Yale Divinity School Library are sponsored by The George Edward and Olivia Hotchkiss Day Associates. This Day Associates Lecture was delivered by Thomas John Hastings on June 30, 2017, during the annual meeting of the Yale-Edinburgh Group on the History of the Missionary Movement and World Christianity. The theme of the 2017 meeting was “Migration, Exile, and Pilgrimage in the History of Missions and World Christianity.” Thomas John Hastings is Executive Director of the Overseas Ministries Study Center in New Haven, Connecticut. Dr. Hastings is also Editor of the International Bulletin of Mission Research. He has published two books Seeing All Things Whole: The Scientific Mysticism and Art of Kagawa Toyohiko, 1888-1960 (Wipf & Stock, Pickwick, 2015) and Practical Theology and the One Body of Christ: Toward a Missional-Ecumenical Model (Eerdmans, 2007), as well as numerous book chapters, journal articles, and translations in both English and Japanese. 3 SLIDE 1 Introduction: In 1988, Carol and I were appointed as a PC (USA) Mission Co-workers in Kanazawa, Japan. I was Lecturer at Hokuriku Gakuin University, a Kindergarten-college “mission school” founded by an American Presbyterian named Mary Hesser in 1885 as Kanazawa’s first educational institution for girls and young women. Kanazawa is located on the Japan Sea where the Jodo-Shinshu sect of Buddhism is the dominant religious affiliation of most families.
    [Show full text]
  • AJ Muste's Theology
    ! A.J. Muste’s Theology: Tracing the Ideas that Shaped the Man Jeffrey D. Meyers M.A. Thesis Earlham School of Religion April 16, 2012 ! Table of Contents Introduction 1 Chapter 1: A Short Biography 4 Chapter 2: The Theological Task 14 Chapter 3: Mysticism and the Inner Life 22 Chapter 4: The Social Gospel 34 Chapter 5: The Way of Love, the Way of the Cross 43 Chapter 6: Theological Anthropology 61 Chapter 7: Ecclesiology 81 Chapter 8: Eschatology: The Kingdom of God 101 Conclusions 115 Annotated Bibliography 121 Appendix 1a: Books Owned By Muste 150 Appendix 1b: Books Owned By Muste 158 Appendix 2: Authors Cited By Muste 176 Appendix 3: Books Assigned By Muste 191 Introduction Historians study the Reverend Abraham Johannes Muste primarily for his shaping of the labor movement of the 1920s and 1930s, his work for peace from the mid 1930s through the 1960s, and his involvement in laying the foundations of the Civil Rights Movement.1 His leadership in these movements often gained him national attention––Time Magazine once labeled him “the No. 1 U.S. Pacifist.”2 Although most attempts at understanding this complex man have noted the influence of his Christian faith, few scholars have explored its true depth. The religious foundations of his life, thought, and work were often an embarrassment to those he worked with and those who admired him. In avoiding Muste’s faith, his contemporaries and scholars alike have missed the ways his theology undergirded and motivated his life and work. At heart, Muste was a theologian.
    [Show full text]
  • A Legacy of Cooperation
    A Legacy of Cooperation NASCO INSTITUTE • NOVEMBER 2-4, 2018 • ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN Welcome to NASCO Institute Welcome to the 50th Anniversary NASCO Cooperative Education and Training Institute! This gathering would not be possible without the board of directors, presenters, volunteers, and, of course, you! We hope that before you return home you will try something new, expand your cooperative skills toolbox, make lasting connections with fellow co-opers, and use this year’s conference theme to explore the ways that you and your cooperatives are connected to a resilient, global movement. Finally, we value your input and participation in NASCO’s governance. We encourage you to dive in and take part in caucuses (Friday and Saturday evenings), run for a seat on the board as Active Member Representative (during the Saturday night Banquet), attend the Annual General Meeting (Sunday during course blocks 4 and 5), and commit to taking action to keep momentum rolling through the year. Sincerely, Team NASCO Liz Anderson Ratih Sutrisno Brel Hutton-Okpalaeke Director of Education Director of Community Director of Development Engagement Services Katherine Jennings Daniel Miller Director of Operations Director of Properties NASCO BOARD OF DIRECTORS Christopher Bell Mer Kammerling Sydney Burke Matthew Kemper Leonie Cesvette Camryn Kessler Robert Cook Tristan Laing Nick Coquillard Nola Warner Alex Green Lana Wong Topaz Hooper Kiyomi de Zoysa 1 NASCO Cooperative Education and Training Institute 2 Table of contents Welcome .........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Reimagining the Postwar International Order: the World Federalism of Ozaki Yukio and Kagawa Toyohiko Konrad M
    Reimagining the Postwar International Order: The World Federalism of Ozaki Yukio and Kagawa Toyohiko Konrad M. Lawson The years of transition from the League of Nations to the United Nations were accompanied by a creative surge of transnational idealism. The horrors of the Second World War and the possibility of global destruction at the hands of nuclear weapons generated enthusiastic calls for a world government that might significantly restrain the ability of independent political entities to wage war against each other and that could serve as a platform for legislation enforceable as world law.1 Drawing inspiration from a long history of political thought from Kant to Kang Youwei, almost all of these plans proposed variations on a federal system that preserved a layer of national, and indeed imperial, government, while dissolving forever the inviolability of sovereignty. Above nations and empires in the imagined new order would exist a global federal body that, depending on the scheme, would possess significant powers of taxation, a monopoly on military coercion–or at least sole possession of nuclear weapons–and powers of legislation that could both bind nations and empower individuals. In her sweeping history of twentieth-century internationalism, Glenda Sluga considers various schemes for world federalism as part of the “apogee of internationalism” of the 1940s; the transitional period during which these plans occupied a space simultaneously with the development of ideas of world citizenship seeking to renegotiate the traditional subordination of the individual to the state. Even if a world federation did not call for the abolition of nation-states, in both these cases, Sluga argues, the goal of any eventual “world” solution would be called for in the name of people’s interests.2 These interests, in the name of the people, or which elevated the individual, would continue to emerge in the development of the United Nations charter and its affiliated institutions, but the new inter-national body abandoned many of the ambitions of earlier federalist visions.
    [Show full text]
  • An Open Letter on Tama With
    AN OPEN LETTER ON 2483 Easter Eve '91 TAMA WITH GOD ELLICaTTHINKSHEETS 309 L.Eliz.Dr., Craigville, MA 02636 Dear Phone 508.775.8008 Noncommercial reproduction permitted Here's what you asked me for, some notes toward a feature article on prayer in a secular magazine. Not long ago, most folks would think you were joking if you put "prayer" & "a secular magazine" in the same sentence. The fact that fewer now would laugh suggests why a secular magazine would be wise to have an article on prayer: the old secular securities & confidences are less satisfying now, providing an aperatura on the sacred, a window of opportunity for "spirituality" (the biggest word-bag for the fons et origo & raison d'etre of religion) . And of course you'd like to know where, right now, "prayer" is "newsworthy." Again, that's sounding less like an oxymoron than it would have a few years ago. My notes are helter-skelter, put down as they come to mind, in hope you may find something useful at least as stimulus. I've been pumping it all up into the tank & now am about to pull the chain. (You don't catch my reference? l cs. ago in Denmark, to take a shower you had first to pump the water up into the tank, then pull the chain. SK 11(ierkegaardl once pulled the chain & said to himself, "This isn't just the way I shower: it's also the way I write.") 1 I changed your "Talking TO God" to "Talking WITH God." Though the latter, being two-way, is truer to prayer, the former may make a better title for your article because (1) it's the more common phrase, because (2) it's what most people who pray think is going on when they pray (talking prayer being easier than talking-&-listening prayer).
    [Show full text]
  • Toyohiko Kagawa Speaks
    Toyohiko Kagawa speaks Probably the world's greatest living Chris­ tian is Toyohiko Kagawa, a short, disease­ ridden Japanese whose life has been a con­ tinuous crusade to eradicate the slums, to organize the farmers and laborers, and to Christianize the people of his native land. He was born out of wedlock, with a pr omi­ nent politician for a father and a geisha girl for a mother. Both of his parents died when he was very young, and he was rear ed by his father's legal wife and his grandmother, in whose home he passed an unhappy existence. His first contact with Christianity came in the home of American missionaries while he was attending boarding school in Tokushima. Eventually he flouted his family's advice and became a Christian, and was disowned and disinherited for his disobedience. At the age of 21 he voluntarily moved into a narrow room in the slums of Kobe. In that "laboratory of life" he lived and worked for nearly fifteen years. There he became con­ vinced that "one individual working for indi­ viduals cannot change society." It must be done by group action, he felt, by movements. After a period of study in the United States, he returned to Japan, determined to help remove society's basic evil, poverty, by rais­ ing the standard of living for th e farmer and laborer, largely through cooper atives. Into this work he brought a passionate belief in the practicability and necessity of Christian ideals. Through the following excerpts from his vol­ uminous writings he speaks to us today: Copyrisht 1954 Leonard S.
    [Show full text]
  • A Global History of Co-Operative Business
    A GLOBAL HISTORY OF CO-OPERATIVE BUSINESS Co-operatives provide a different approach to organizing business through their ideals of member ownership and democratic practice. Every co-operative member has an equal vote regardless of his or her own personal capital investment. The contemporary significance of co-operatives was highlighted by the United Nations declaration of 2012 as the International Year of Co-operatives. This book provides an international perspective on the development of co- operatives since the mid-nineteenth century, exploring the economic, political, and social factors that explain their varying fortunes and transformation into different forms. By looking at what co-operatives are; how they have changed; the develop- ments as well as the persecutions of the co-operative movement; and how it is an important force in promoting development and self-sufficiency in non-industrialized areas, this book provides valuable insight not only to academics, but also to prac- titioners and policy makers. Greg Patmore is Emeritus Professor of Business and Labour History and the Chair of the Co-operatives Research Group at the University of Sydney, Australia. He is a member of the International Co-operative Alliance (Geneva) Global 300 Project. Nikola Balnave is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Marketing and Management and a member of the Centre for Workforce Futures at Macquarie University, Australia. Nikki has been the President of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History since 2009. She has also been an executive member of the Academic Association of Historians in Australian and New Zealand Business Schools in many capacities since its inception in 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Rev. Toyohiko Kagawa Some People May Ask, “Who Was Toyohiko
    Rev. Toyohiko Kagawa Some people may ask, “Who was Toyohiko Kagawa?” Toyohiko Kagawa (1888 -1960) was a dedicated Japanese Christian pastor, evangelist, pacifist, social reformer, humanitarian, labor activist, writer, and founder of the Friends of Jesus movement. Before World War II, he was considered the most famous Japanese in the western world and was often compared with Albert Schweitzer in Africa and Mahatma Gandhi in India as one of the greatest modern saints. Kagawa was born in Kobe on July 10, 1888 to the concubine of a wealthy businessman. Both parents died while he was only four years old and he was consequently sent to Shikoku to live with his father’s legal wife. His new stepmother who was not very pleased to have Kagawa with her and her family. He attended junior high school in Tokushima and also studied English with American Presbyterian missionaries. He became a Christian through their influence and was baptized at the age of 15. As a strong pacifist, Kagawa often spoke out against Japan’s war with Russia (1904-1905). When he finished high school, he felt a strong call to be a minister, so one of the missionaries enrolled him in the Presbyterian College, Meiji Gakuin in Tokyo. After two years at Meiji Gakuin, he transferred to the Kobe Theological Seminary. Kagawa was greatly influenced by his readings of John Wesley, Saint Francis of Assisi, and Leo Tolstoy. Through his readings and his own faith, Kagawa felt that love was the essence of Christianity. In seminary, he became troubled by what seemed to be the seminarians‘ over-concern for Christian doctrine and wanted to act upon his faith rather than just talk about it.
    [Show full text]
  • Cooperative Insurance in Japan Fact Book 2016
    COOPERATIVE INSURANCE IN JAPAN FACT BOOK 2016 JAPAN COOPERATIVE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED COOPERATIVE INSURANCE IN JAPAN FACT BOOK 2016 Ⅰ Cooperative Insurance Ⅳ JCIA Member Societies Business in Japan 1. List of Member Societies ……………… 18 1. Cooperatives and Cooperative Insurance 2. Social Activities of the Member Societies Business (1) Welfare and Health (1) About Cooperatives ………………… 2 Promoting Activities ………………… 26 (2) About Cooperative Insurance …… 2 (2) Traffi c Safety Activities 2. Major Cooperative Insurers in Japan … 2 and Support Activities for Victims 3. Major Product Line by Cooperative of Traffi c Accidents, etc. …………… 28 Insurers (3) Sports and Cultural Activities …… 30 (1) Fire Insurance ………………………… 4 (4) Environment Conservation (2) Life Insurance ………………………… 4 Activities ……………………………… 30 (3) Personal Accident Insurance ……… 5 3. Member Societies’ Eff orts towards (4) Automobile Insurance …………… 5 Natural Disasters (5) Annuity Insurance …………………… 5 (1) Insurance Claims and Condolence (6) List of Product Line Provided by Money Paid by Member Major Cooperative Insurers ……… 6 Societies ……………………………… 32 (2) Member Societies’ Eff orts ………… 33 Ⅱ Business Results for 4. International Activities of the Member Cooperative Insurers Societies in Fiscal 2015 (1) ICA ……………………………………… 36 (2) ICMIF …………………………………… 36 1. Overview of the Cooperative Ⅴ Appendices Insurance Business (1) Number of Member Societies / 1. Beginning of the Modern Cooperative Number of Members ……………… 7 Movement in the World ……………… 38 (2) Number of Policies ………………… 7 2. History of Cooperative Insurance (3) Amount Insured ……………………… 8 in Japan (4) Premium Income …………………… 8 (1) Establishment of Industrial Union …38 (5) Claims Paid …………………………… 8 (2) The Dawn of Cooperative (6) Total Assets …………………………… 8 Insurance ……………………………… 38 2. Business Trends by Type of Insurance (3) Toyohiko Kagawa …………………… 39 (1) Fire Insurance ………………………… 9 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography Selected Works Related to the History of Co-Operatives Compiled by Brett Fairbarin
    Bibliography Selected Works Related to the History of Co-operatives compiled by Brett Fairbarin PART I Works marked with an asterisk (*) are especially useful. General, International, and Miscellaneous Works - Journals * Review of International Co-operation (good, short pieces on co-operatives in various countries – historical, contemporary, opinion) * Annals of Public and Co-operative Economy * Journal of Agricultural Co-operation (U.S.) * American Cooperation (yearbook) * Agricultural History (has occasional useful articles) * Coopératives et Développement (Quebec; has some English-language articles) (1999 renamed Économie et Solidarités) Abbott, John Cave. Agricultural Marketing Enterprises for the Developing World: With Case Studies of Indigenous Private, Transnational, Cooperative, and Parastatal Enterprise. Cambridge, 1987. *Attwood, D.W., and Baviskar, B.S. (eds.) Who Shares? Co-operatives and Rural Development. Delhi, 1988. (Good anthology with contributions on Asia, Africa, and Latin America.) Baker, Jacob. Cooperative Enterprise. New York, 1937. (dated but good on European co-operatives in this period) Bekkum, Onno-Frank van, and Gert van Dijk (eds.). Agricultural Co-operatives in the European Union: Trends and Issues on the Eve of the 21st Century. Assen, Netherlands, 1997. Benecke, Dieter W. Cooperation and Development. Role of Cooperative Societies in Developing Countries. Mainz, 1972. (Source is now dated but could be used to illustrate the attitude of the time.) *Birchall, Johnston. The International Co-operative Movement. Manchester, 1997. *Brazda, J. , and R. Schediwy (eds.). Consumer Co-operatives in a Changing World. Geneva, 1989. *Cobia, David W. (ed.). Cooperatives in Agriculture. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1989. (Has chapters on nonagricultural co-ops, international statistics.) *Craig, John G. The Nature of Co-operation.
    [Show full text]
  • International Co-Operative Movement
    UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION B.Com. - VI SEMESTER (2017 Admn.) INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE MOVEMENT (Co-operation-Specialization) Prepared by: T. SHEMEERA KUNHU Assistant Professor, P.G. Department of Commerce, Govt. College Malappuram QUESTION BANK 1. A ……………………. institution is a voluntary association of independent economic units, organized, capitalized and run by, and for its members, providing and/or marketing goods and services on cost-to-cost basis to their members. a) Cooperative b) Private c) Public d) All of these 2. …………………… movement can be an important instrument in furthering the socialist progress. a) Cooperative b) Privatization c) Both a & b d) None of the above 3. ……………… is, “a form of organisation wherein persons voluntarily associate together as human beings on a basis of equality for the promotion of economic interest of themselves”. a) Cooperation b) joint stock companies c) cartels d) trusts 4. …………… is nothing but “self-help made effective by organisation.” a) Cooperation b) joint stock companies c) cartels d) trusts 5. A…………………… has been defined as an “economic and social organisation of the working people, serving not only interest of the members, but also social progress,” which promotes safeguards and realizes the interests and aspirations of the working people”. a) Cooperative organisation b) Private organisation c) Public organisation d) All of these e) 6. ………..is considered to be the birth place of the Co-operative movement in the world. a) USSR b) Britian c) Israle d) France 7. Cooperation is a product of …………… a) First world war b) Second world war c) Industrial Revolution d) None of these 8.
    [Show full text]