DOCSLIB.ORG

The Challenges Facing European Society with the Approach of the Year 2000

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Challenges Facing European Society with the Approach of the Year 2000 The challenges facing European society with the approach of the year 2000 A comprehensive regional/spatial planning framework for protecting and managing freshwater resources European regional planning, No. 60 The challenges facing European society with the approach of the year 2000 A comprehensive regional/spatial planning framework for protecting and managing freshwater resources Technical report submitted to the 11th session of the European Conference of Ministers responsible for Regional Planning (CEMAT) Limassol (Cyprus), 16-17 October 1997 Resolution adopted by the European Ministers responsible for Regional Planning European regional planning, No. 60 Council of Europe Publishing French edition: Les défis pour la société européenne à l'aube de l'an 2000: protection et gestion des ressources en eau douce dans un cadre global d'aménagement du territoire ISBN 92-871- The challenges facing European society with the approach of the year 2000: strategies for the sustainable development of European states in the Mediterranean basin, No. 59 ISBN 92-871-3227-5 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Sustainable regional planning: the challenges for greater Europe.................................... 1. General principles............................................................................................................... 2. Co-ordination strategies and co-operation at European level ........................................... 3. Public participation in different regional/spatial planning procedures in the European context................................................................................... II. Regional planning forecasting for sustainable development.............................................. 1. The regional/spatial planning of greater Europe in co-operation with the countries of central and eastern Europe............................................................... 2. Strategies for sustainable development of the northern states of Europe ......................... 3. Forecasting for sustainable development in the states of the Mediterranean basin................................................................................................. III. Rational management of freshwater resources as part of a Europe-wide policy of sustainable development ......................................................................................... 1. Water, a strategic concern for Europe................................................................................ 2. Strategies for the sustainable management of freshwater resources in major European regions ................................................................................................ 2.1. The states of Northern Europe.................................................................................... 2.2. The Rhine basin .......................................................................................................... 2.3. The alpine region ........................................................................................................ 2.4. The states of the Mediterranean basin........................................................................ 2.5. The islands.................................................................................................................. 3. National strategies for integrating sustainable freshwater management into regional planning policies: ......................................................................................... 3.1. Agriculture.................................................................................................................. 3.2. Industry ....................................................................................................................... 3.3. Domestic consumption ............................................................................................... 4. European strategies of regional/spatial planning concerning sustainable protection of freshwater resources.................................................................. 4.1. Policies for the development and integrated management of large international water basins: the Danube basin............................................................. 4.2. Transfrontier co-operation in the event of flooding of rivers or critical water levels which cross several states...................................................... IV. Resolution No. 2 on strategies to be implemented within a comprehensive regional/spatial planning framework for protecting and managing freshwater resources................................................................................................................ I. SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL PLANNING: THE CHALLENGES FOR GREATER EUROPE 1. General principles The last decade of the 20th century trends to be proven a period of historic significance for greater Europe. A process of change of profound dimensions is still very much in progress, transforming the entire continent of Europe. Europe is moving to the beginning of a new millennium conscious of the magnitude of these changes, concentrating its efforts on implementing the most ambitions vision and the hopes of all its peoples. European organisations, and in particular the Council of Europe and the European Union, national governments, politicians at different levels of decision-making, institutions and other agencies, professionals and academics along with the citizens of Europe are trying to fully comprehend the enormous opportunities opening-up, to respond in a systematic way to the major challenges of our times, to make choices and decisions which are bound to reshape Europe beyond recognition and set the foundations for the future development of Europe and its role in an international context. Europeans are facing the greatest challenge ever: how to use the extensive experience accumulated and the groundwork laid until now with efficiency, wisdom, vision, courage and conviction in order to build a new humane Europe which will guarantee peace, equity and prosperity for all its peoples. Since the historic socio-political changes in central and eastern Europe in 1989 and the beginning of a new period for the European Union after the Maastricht Treaty, Europe as a whole is striving through numerous initiatives and programmes to achieve a new balance which will enable and promote the harmonious, sustainable future development of all its territory and peoples. The new European set-up and the need to establish a dynamic future role for Europe in the international competition impose the need for quantitative and qualitative modifications of the spatial structure of the European space, with specific consideration on the environmental integrity and the efficiency of infrastructure networks. Sustainability of all development is the most persisting demand of our times. It is in fact an extremely far-reaching notion, as it may be extended to incorporate the right of every European citizen to enjoy the basic human rights. Peace, justice, equity, welfare, quality of living conditions, socio-political tolerance and mutual respect for each other's differences and a concern for our common European and global environment are simultaneously the ingredients and the underlying objectives of Europe's effort to achieve sustainable development. The sustainable development of the European territory is a widely accepted strategic objective which is expected to enable the implementation of fundamental principles and policies, like the socio-economic cohesion of greater Europe, the improvement of living conditions, the safeguarding of the integrity of the European environment and the creation of the conditions which are needed to support continuous economic development and growth. The social and economic cohesion of the territory of the European Union is traditionally considered as one of the most fundamental objectives of its policies. The relatively slow progress achieved till now in obtaining cohesion and the narrowing of the development gap between the “centre” and the periphery has proven the existence of a strong interrelationship between the economic and social cohesion and regional planning, as an instrument for promoting spatial cohesion. The Council of Europe has been moving towards the same rationale, as a result of a continuous process since the adoption of the Torremolinos Charter in 1983. In fact both European Organisations, following parallel routes, are increasingly recognising the need to be collectively and actively involved in the realm of regional planning, in order to achieve major social and economic objectives, which would lead to comparable living and environmental conditions and qualities for all European citizens. The effort of the European Union to develop a “European Spatial Development Perspective” and the work of the CEMAT within the Council of Europe are tangible expressions of the realisation that regional planning is an indispensable instrument for promoting the developmental, and hence the social and economic, integration of the European space. The integration of the territory of greater Europe through the promotion of a balanced and sustainable development of all its regions is an ambitious objective, and considerable problems, stemming from the size of the geographical area and the large number of nations, organisations and systems involved, need to be resolved. The achievement of this objective largely depends on the definition and implementation of a widely-endorsed comprehensive planning policy, which ought to
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reigniting Growth in Central and Eastern Europe Eastern and Central in Growth Dawn:A New Reigniting
    McKinsey Global Institute McKinsey Global Institute A new dawn: ReignitingA new dawn: growth in Central and Eastern Europe December 2013 A new dawn: Reigniting growth in Central and Eastern Europe The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. MGI’s mission is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Its “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on six themes: productivity and growth; the evolution of global financial markets; the economic impact of technology and innovation; natural resources; the future of work; and urbanisation. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, and the impact of the Internet. The partners of McKinsey fund MGI’s research; it is not commissioned by any business, government, or other institution. For further information about MGI and to download reports, please visit www.mckinsey.com/mgi. McKinsey in Central and Eastern Europe McKinsey & Company opened its first offices in Central and Eastern Europe in the early 1990s, soon after the momentous democratic changes in the region. McKinsey played an active role in the region’s economic rebirth, working with governments, nonprofits, and cultural institutions, as well as leading business organisations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Other Europes
    133 The Journal of Belarusian Studies The Other Europes BY STEPHEN G F HALL* White, Stephen and Feklyunina, Valentina. Identities and Foreign Policies in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus: The Other Europes, Palgrave Macmillan: London and New York, 2014. 350 pp. ISBN: 9780333993613. How should we define Europe? What constitutes Europe? What is the relationship between the European Union (EU) and outside states that deem themselves European? What are the discourses of these states towards Europe and their position within it? These questions form the basis of Identities and Foreign Policies in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Whereas other studies perceived identity as a dichotomy, for instance between Westernisers and Slavophiles, this investigation changes identity perceptions, arguing that it should be considered a continuum. The study, in conjunction with organisations in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine on the part of White and Fekyulnina involved extensive research over a 20 year period to ascertain meanings of Europe and the Belarusian, Russian Ukrainian regimes place in and perceptions of Europe. Professor Stephen White needs no introduction. He has been Professor at the University of Glasgow since the early 1970s. He is mostly known for work on Russia, but he has written extensively on Belarus and Ukraine. When this study began Dr. Valenitna Fekyulnina was a research assistant at University of Glasgow, but in 2012 she moved to Newcastle University to become a lecturer in politics. As mentioned the study provides a number of questions. These can be summarised as what is Europe and where do Belarus, Russia and Ukraine fit in? The study is thematic; assessing what constitutes Europe and the European Union’s failure in only seeing itself as Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Eurasian Union: the Real, the Imaginary and the Likely
    CHAILLOT PAPER Nº 132 — September 2014 Eurasian Union: the real, the imaginary and the likely BY Nicu Popescu Chaillot Papers European Union Institute for Security Studies EU Institute for Security Studies 100, avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris http://www.iss.europa.eu Director: Antonio Missiroli © EU Institute for Security Studies, 2014. Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. ISBN: 978-92-9198-247-9 ISSN: 1683-4917 QN-AA-14-002-EN-N DOI : 10.2815/42011 Published by the EU Institute for Security Studies and printed in Condé-sur-Noireau (France) by Corlet Imprimeur. Graphic design by Metropolis, Lisbon. EURASIAN UNION: THE REAL, THE IMAGINARY AND THE LIKELY Nicu Popescu CHAILLOT PAPERS September 2014 132 The author Nicu Popescu, Ph.D, is a Senior Analyst at the EUISS where he deals with EU-Russia relations and the post-Soviet space. He is the author of EU Foreign Policy and Post-Soviet Conflicts: Stealth Intervention (Routledge, 2011) and a former advisor to the Moldovan Prime Minister. European Union Institute for Security Studies Paris Director: Antonio Missiroli © EU Institute for Security Studies, 2014. Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. Contents Foreword 5 Antonio Missiroli Introduction 7 The real Eurasia 9 1 Decision-making 11 Economics 11 Political commitment 13 The Russian debate 14 Russkii Mir vs Eurasia? 17 The geopolitical Eurasia 19 2 Deepening vs widening 19 The current members 20 The future members 22 The Chinese neighbour
    [Show full text]
  • CEPS Wider Europe Matrix E-Version
    THE WIDER EUROPE MATRIX THE WIDER EUROPE MATRIX MICHAEL EMERSON PREFACE BY GÜNTER VERHEUGEN CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES BRUSSELS The Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) is an independent policy research institute in Brussels. Its mission is to produce sound policy research leading to constructive solutions to the challenges facing Europe. The views expressed are entirely those of the authors. CEPS Paperbacks present analysis and views by leading experts on important questions in the arena of European public policy. They are written in a style geared to an informed but generalist readership of policy-makers, government officials and corporate executives. This book was prepared at the invitation of Aspen Italia, in the context of the Italian Presidency of the European Union in the second half of 2003. Financial support from the Compagnia di San Paolo, Torino, is gratefully acknowledged. The paper also draws on a current project supported by the Science Policy Office of the Belgian federal government on conflict management in the divided states of the European periphery, undertaken by CEPS in collaboration with the Free University of Brussels (VUB); and on a recent project on the Middle East supported by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). The text was finalised on 17 December 2003. Graphic designs by 6A Architects, London (www.6a.co.uk). ISBN 92-9079-469-0 © Copyright 2004, Centre for European Policy Studies. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the Centre for European Policy Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Policy Toward Eurasia and the Role of the U.S. Congress
    U.S. POLICY TOWARD EURASIA AND THE ROLE OF THE U.S. CONGRESS May 27 – June 2, 2019 | Prague, Czech Republic U.S. POLICY TOWARD EURASIA AND THE ROLE OF THE U.S. CONGRESS The Aspen Institute Congressional Program May 27 – June 2, 2019 Prague, Czech Republic TABLE OF CONTENTS Rapporteur’s Summary Matthew Rojansky .............................................................................................................. 3 U.S. Policy Toward Eurasia and the Role of the U.S. Congress Thomas Graham ...............................................................................................................17 Getting America Off the Backfoot in Eurasia Evan A. Feigenbaum .........................................................................................................23 Does BRI Really Exist? Robert Daly ......................................................................................................................29 China’s Rise as a Geo-Economic Influencer in Eurasia Philippe Le Corre ...............................................................................................................39 It’s Time to Rethink Russia’s Foreign Policy Strategy Dimitri Trenin ...................................................................................................................47 Is Russia a U.S. 'Adversary' or Just a 'Competitor'? Developing a Sustainable, Realistic U.S. Policy Towards Russia Nikolas K. Gvosdev ............................................................................................................59 The
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Search for a Greater Eurasia
    KENNAN CABLE No. 40 l February 2019 President Atambayev (Kyrgyzstan), President Nazarbayev (Kazakhstan), President Putin (Russia), President Lukashenko (Belarus), and President Sargsyan (Armenia) after a meeting of the Eurasian Economic Union in Moscow in 2014. Photograph: Reuters Russia’s Search for a Greater Eurasia: Origins, Promises, and Prospects Seçkin Köstem Vladimir Putin announced the Russian government’s Russia’s geo-economic projects are always linked to desire for a greater Eurasian partnership at the St. its status in international politics, and the search for Petersburg Economic Forum in June 2016. In the a Greater Eurasia demonstrates that for the Kremlin, opening speech, Putin proposed “considering the foreign economic strategy and international identity prospects for more extensive Eurasian partnership are inherently linked. While Russian leadership is well involving the Eurasian Economic Union,” in which aware of the shifts in the global economy, it is also countries such as China, Pakistan, Iran, and India would entrapped by its great power nationalism in designing also be included.1 Since then, Putin has consistently and implementing its strategy. With its grand name, promoted the project in his addresses to the Federal the Greater Eurasian Partnership is no exception; the Assembly, in meetings with foreign leaders, at Kremlin acknowledges the strategic importance of Asia subsequent St. Petersburg Economic Forums, and at but does not have the economic and political means to the Eastern Economic Forums held in Vladivostok. achieve its goals. KENNAN CABLE No. 40 l February 2019 Origins and Promises of Greater and Russia, as well as by Belarus and the Silk Road Economic Belt project.”3 The report put emphasis on Eurasian Partnership the modernizing role of Eurasian integration for the Russia initially aimed to integrate into Europe as Russian economy.
    [Show full text]
  • China in Central and Eastern Europe
    Center for European Policy Analysis CHINA IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE Zoltán Turai March 2018 2 w . c e p a o r g Center for European Policy Analysis All opinions are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the position or views of the institutions they represent or the Center for European Policy Analysis. About CEPA The Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA) is a 501(c)(3), non-profit, non-partisan, public policy research institute. Our mission is to promote an economically vibrant, strategically secure, and politically free Europe with close and enduring ties to the United States. Our analytical team consists of the world’s leading experts on Central-East Europe, Russia, and its neighbors. Through cutting- edge research, analysis, and programs we provide fresh insight on energy, security, and defense to government officials and agencies; we help transatlantic businesses navigate changing strategic landscapes; and we build networks of future Atlanticist leaders. © 2018 by the Center for European Policy Analysis, Washington, DC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without permission in writing from the Center for European Policy Analysis, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles or reviews. Center for European Policy Analysis 1275 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20004 E-mail: [email protected] www.cepa.org Cover page: China Premier Li at the 2017 China-CEEC Budapest Summit. Photo credit: Kormany / Wikimedia. 2 Center for European Policy Analysis China in Central and Eastern Europe Zoltán Turai Andrássy National Security Fellow March 2018 2 Center for European Policy Analysis The Issue he world’s second largest economy and foreign investor, China’s investments Tin Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) have grown in recent years as a share of overall European investment.
    [Show full text]
  • Macedonia and the Balkans in the 21St Century
    Valparaiso University Law Review Volume 34 Number 3 Summer 2000 pp.477-486 Summer 2000 Macedonia and the Balkans in the 21st Century Ljubica Z. Acevska Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Ljubica Z. Acevska, Macedonia and the Balkans in the 21st Century, 34 Val. U. L. Rev. 477 (2000). Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol34/iss3/2 This Lecture is brought to you for free and open access by the Valparaiso University Law School at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Valparaiso University Law Review by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Acevska: Macedonia and the Balkans in the 21st Century Speech MACEDONIA AND THE BALKANS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Presented by Her Excellency Ljubica Z. Acevska" Ambassador of the Republic of Macedonia Ladies and gentleman and Dean Conison, I am greatly honored by the invitation to speak before you today and the opportunity to share my thoughts and views on current and future aspects of the political and economic situation in the Balkans, particularly the Republic of Macedonia. I would like to thank the Valparaiso International Law Society and the Illinois State Bar Association for the opportunity to be here this afternoon and talk about the future of Macedonia and the Balkans. Additionally, I would like to thank Makedonka Papuckoskil for 2 this invitation for me to be here today. First, I would like to provide you with a geographic and historical overview of Macedonia and the Balkans.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Sea Connectivity and the South Caucasus
    Black Sea Connectivity and the South Caucasus Dr. Mamuka Tsereteli March 2021 @MEIFrontier • @MiddleEastInst • 1763 N St. NW, Washington D.C. 20036 Frontier Europe Initiative The Middle East Institute (MEI) Frontier Europe Initiative explores interactions between Middle East countries and their Frontier Europe neighbors – the parts of Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Caucasus which form a frontier between Western Europe, Russia and the Middle East. The program examines the growing energy, trade, security and political relationships with the aim of developing greater understanding of the interplay between these strategically important regions. About the author Dr. Mamuka Tsereteli is a Non-resident Scholar with Frontier Europe Initiative and a Senior Fellow at Central Asia-Caucasus Institute at American Foreign Policy Council, based in Washington, DC. He has more than thirty years’ experience in academia, diplomacy, and business development. His expertise includes economic and energy security in Europe and Eurasia, political and economic risk analysis and mitigation strategies, and business development in the Black Sea-Caspian region. Photo by Vano Shlamov/ AFP via Getty Images Black Sea Connectivity and the South Caucasus There are growing political, security, trade, and economic interests for multiple actors in the Black Sea region. These actors include traditional Black Sea powers Russia and Turkey; Western-oriented young democracies Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, and Georgia; supra-national actors like the EU and NATO; the global super-power, the United States; the world’s fastest growing economic power, China; resource- rich countries in Central Asia, including Afghanistan; and of course Iran, which has demonstrated limited interest in the Black Sea in the past, but may become more active, as some recent statements and diplomatic efforts suggest following the change of administration in Washington.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Europe ©
    POLITICAL EUROPE © Second Edition Advancing Europe The above title encompasses a number of disciplines and their intramural variants. Consequently, it may be prudent to initiate a basic yet broad approach that concentrates on a set of primary aspects. From a physical geography point of view Europe is one of the smaller continents, yet it maintains the third largest population globally — approximately eleven percent of the total — and remains the second most densely populated. Realities, however, clearly reveal that, Europe’s demography, within its intercontinental demarcations, cover a significantly greater expanse; as a result, inducing the reconstitution of the aforementioned parameters. In this respect, its entire geography encompassed by the European Civilisation — also referred to as the Western Civilisation — and delimited by the External European Cultural Frontiers have to be taken into account. Such factors demonstrate that certain continental divisions based upon physical geography, such as the Ural Mountains or the western Caucasus, have not been barriers as far as the European Civilisation is concerned. External European Cultural Frontiers — intercontinental or maritime — with the outside world can be effectively demarcated as encompassing — with minor enclave type exceptions — nations belonging to the European Civilisation, thus consolidating a specific geography. That geography classified as Greater Europe, is a continuous landmass, plus its islands. From the Latitudinal point of view, it stretches from Gibraltar to Vladivostok, thus maintaining Atlantic and Pacific outlooks. From the Longitudinal point of view it stretches from Scandinavia to Armenia. The Latter’s continental frontiers are the most southerly. Frontiers of Europe: Union of cultures within a Civilisation. Page 1 of 6 Greater Europe: The Overall Geography European Union: Integral Frontiers The importance of the aforementioned Cultural Frontiers can be reasonably highlighted by the new global currents that have emerged since the last decade of the Twentieth Century.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Writers on the Decline of Russia in the Far East and the Rise of China
    Russian Writers on the Decline of Russia in the Far East and the Rise of China Stephen Blank Summary Russia’s rapprochement with China began in the 1980s and 1990s; while its “pivot to Asia” began in 2008. Thus Russia has never completely absented itself from Asia even though for a long time the region played a secondary or tertiary role in Russian foreign policy. But today this “pivot to Asia” is a major priority for Russia and has become even more so since the invasion of Ukraine in 2014. The economic-political-strategic goals of these moves, however, have not fundamentally changed. The rapprochement with China was an attempt to reset the global balance in Russia’s favor and tilt it away from the U.S. Since then domestic and geopolitical factors have interacted in both Beijing and Moscow to render both governments ever more anti-American and anti-liberal. But the pivot to Asia was to allow Russia to play an independent, major role in East Asia among all Asian states, not just China, and to do so by modernizing the Russian Far East (RFE) and simultaneously obtaining large-scale Asian investment in the area, particularly its energy, to facilitate that modernization. Indeed, that modernization is a precondition for achieving the status Moscow craves in Asia. However, in 2016, it is apparent that not only has the modernization of the RFE run aground, the tie to China is becoming an alliance where Russia depends more on China than China does on Russia. This essay analyzes these negative outcomes in terms of the assessment of these trends by Russian writers.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Greater Europe' Or 'Greater Eurasia'? In
    RUDN Journal of Sociology 2018 Vol. 18 No. 2 262—270 Вестник РУДН. Серия: СОЦИОЛОГИЯ http://journals.rudn.ru/sociology DOI: 10.22363/2313-2272-2018-18-2-262-270 ‘GREATER EUROPE’ OR ‘GREATER EURASIA’? IN SEARCH OF NEW IDEAS FOR THE EURASIAN INTEGRATION*1 A.V. Tsvyk Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, Russia, 117198 (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract. The article considers the genesis of the idea of ‘Greater Eurasia’ which refers to the common humanitarian, economic, political and security space from Lisbon to Shanghai. In the first part of the article, the author focuses on the development of the idea of ‘Greater Europe’ and its historical background. The author notes that the idea of ‘Greater Eurasia’ was preceded by the idea of ‘Greater Europe’ as a project of integration or convergence of the leading European countries and Russia. In the second part of the article, the author considers possible ways and prospects for cooperation of the EU and the EAEU in the framework of the idea of ‘Greater Europe’. The article emphasizes that under the implementation of the project of the Eurasian Economic Union, the idea of ‘Greater Europe’ was associated not only with the interaction of the EU and Russia, but also of the EU and the EAEU. However, from the author’s point of view, today the idea of ‘Greater Europe’ from Lisbon to Vladivostok is losing its relevance due to China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative. The author considers the perceptions of the ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative by the EU and the EAEU and concludes that the idea of ‘Greater Eurasia’ with the participation of the EU, the EAEU and China is a new geo-political phenomenon which will represent a common space between Europe, the EAEU states and Asia and in which Russia and other members of the EAEU can become a centre for integration of Asia and Europe.
    [Show full text]