National Trauma Data Bank Report 2006 Version 6.0 American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
National Trauma Data Bank Report 2006 Version 6.0 American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 Acknowledgments The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma wishes to thank the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for their support of the NTDB. © American College of Surgeons 2006. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 NTDB Annual Report 2006 Editors David E. Clark, MD, FACS, Chair Richard Fantus, MD, FACS, Chair National Trauma Data Bank Subcommittee Trauma Registry Advisory Committee American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma Leadership John J. Fildes, MD, FACS J. Wayne Meredith, MD, FACS Chair, Committee on Trauma Medical Director, Trauma Programs Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care National Trauma Data Bank Subcommittee Palmer Q. Bessey, MD, FACS Karen Brasel, MD, FACS David E. Clark, MD, FACS Arthur Cooper, MD, FACS Richard J. Fantus, MD, FACS Jeffrey S. Hammond, MD, FACS Michael D. McGonigal, MD, FACS Sidney F. Miller, MD, FACS Frederick H. Millham, MD, FACS Charles Morrow, MD, FACS Avery B. Nathens, MD, FACS Arthur L. Ney, MD, FACS Ronald D. Robertson, MD, FACS Glen H. Tinkoff, MD, FACS American College of Surgeons Staff Melanie Neal, NTDB Manager Brian Kamajian, Programmer Analyst Ishtiaq Pavel, Programmer Analyst Bart Phillips, Research Methodologist Howard Tanzman, Information Technology Director © American College of Surgeons 2006. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 Page TABLE OF CONTENTS Editor’s Note i 2006 Executive Summary ii Figures 1 Appendix A: Definition of Trauma Patient Adopted by National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) 28 Appendix B: NTDB Data Points 29 Appendix C: NTDB Data Quality 32 Appendix D: Recommended Framework for E-Code Groupings for Presenting Injury Mortality and Morbidity Data 34 Appendix E: List of Research Projects 36 Appendix F: List of Participating Hospitals 40 FIGURES Title 1. United States and U.S. Territories 1 2. Hospitals by Size 2 3. Hospitals by Level of Designation 3 4. Source of Payment 4 5. Number of Patients by Year 5 6. Number of Patients by Age 6 7. Patients by Age and Gender 7 8. Patients by Mechanism of Injury 8 9. Mechanism of Injury by Age 9 10. Deaths by Mechanism of Injury 10 11. Case Fatality by Age 11 12. Case Fatality by Age and Gender 12 13. Deaths by Mechanism and Age 13 14. Total Hospital Length of Stay (LOS) by Mechanism of Injury 14 15. Average Hospital Length of Stay by Mechanism of Injury 15 16. Total ICU Length of Stay by Mechanism of Injury 16 17. Average Total ICU Length of Stay by Mechanism of Injury 17 18. Percentage of Patients and Injury Severity Score (ISS) 18 19. Patients by ISS and Age 19 20. Case Fatality by Injury Severity Score (ISS) 20 21. Deaths by ISS and Age 21 22. Total Hospital Length of Stay and Injury Severity Score (ISS) 22 23. Total ICU LOS and Injury Severity Score (ISS) 23 24. Unintentional Motor Vehicle Traffic Related Injuries 24 25. Unintentional MV Related Injuries - Driver and Passenger by Age 25 26. Patients by Intent 26 27. Deaths by Intent 27 © American College of Surgeons 2006. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 i Editor’s Note The 2006 Annual Report of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), Version 6.0, is an updated analysis of the largest aggregation of trauma registry data that has ever been assembled. The NTDB now contains over 2 million records. This 2006 Annual Report is based on 1,191,215 records from the years 2001-2005. The NTDB uses a rolling 5-year time frame for the annual analysis in order to focus on the most recent, highest quality data. Prior to analysis, NTDB data are subjected to a quality screening for consistency and validity, as described in Appendix C. The mission of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Committee on Trauma (COT) is to develop and implement meaningful programs for trauma care. In keeping with this mission, the NTDB is committed to being the principal national repository for trauma center registry data. We estimate that 67% of Level I and 56% of Level II trauma centers in the United States have contributed data to the NTDB. The purpose of this report is to inform the medical community, the public, and decision makers about a wide variety of issues that characterize the current state of care for injured persons in our country. It has implications in many areas including epidemiology, injury control, research, education, acute care, and resource allocation. The NTDB Subcommittee would like to thank all of the trauma centers that contributed data and hope that this report will attract new participants. The full National Trauma Data Bank Report Version 6.0 is available on the ACS Web site as a PDF file and a PowerPoint presentation at http://www.ntdb.org. In addition, information is available on our website about how to obtain actual NTDB data for more detailed study. Many dedicated individuals on the ACS COT, as well as at trauma centers around the country, have contributed to the early development of the NTDB and its rapid growth in recent years. Building on these achievements, our goals in the coming years include improving data quality, updating analytic methods, and enabling more useful interhospital comparisons. These efforts will be reflected in future NTDB reports to participating hospitals as well as in the Annual Reports. David E. Clark, MD, FACS Chair, National Trauma Data Bank Subcommittee © American College of Surgeons 2006. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 ii Executive Summary The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) is the largest aggregation of trauma registry data ever assembled. It contains over 2 million records. The 2006 Annual Report reviews the combined data set for the period 2001-2005, containing 1,191,215 records. The goal of the NTDB is to inform the medical community, the public, and decision makers about a wide variety of issues that characterize the current state of care for injured persons in our country. It has implications in many areas including epidemiology, injury control, research, education, acute care, and resource allocation. This effort is in keeping with the mission of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Committee on Trauma (COT) which is “To improve the care of the injured through systematic efforts in prevention, care, and rehabilitation.” NTDB Hospitals ¾ 640 hospitals submitted data to the NTDB for the period from 2001 to 2005. ¾ 124 are verified as Level I, representing 67% of Level I centers. ¾ 139 are verified as Level II, representing 56% of Level II centers. ¾ 40 are verified as Level III, representing 14% of Level III centers. ¾ 337 are verified as Level IV, Level V, and unspecified. Patient Characteristics ¾ The age distribution of patients in NTDB peaks from ages 16 to 24, representing patients injured in Motor Vehicle Traffic related incidents and by Firearm. ¾ There is a second peak between ages 35 and 44, including Motor Vehicle Traffic related injuries. ¾ A third smaller peak occurs between ages 72 and 85, consisting of Motor Vehicle Traffic related injuries and Falls. ¾ Up to age 70, men predominate, and after age 70 most patients are women. Mechanism of Injury ¾ Motor Vehicle Traffic related injuries account for 41.3% of cases in the NTDB. • There is a dramatic rise in these injuries beginning at age 14 and peaking around age 19. • These injuries are associated with the largest number of hospital and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) days utilized. • These injuries account for 44.5% of mortalities. ¾ Falls account for 27.2% of cases in the NTDB. • The incidence of Falls peaks around 85 years of age. • Falls are associated with the second largest number of hospital and ICU days utilized. • Falls account for 22% of mortalities. ¾ Struck By, Against and Firearm are the next most frequent categories, representing 6.4% and 5.6% of injuries, respectively. See Appendix D for details on these injury categories. ¾ Firearm injuries peak around 19 years of age, and then steadily decrease after age 22. ¾ Firearm injuries account for 22% of mortalities. Injury Severity Score The Injury Severity Score (ISS) is a system for numerically stratifying injury severity. The ISS system has a range of 1-75 and risk of death increases with a higher score. This report categorizes ISS 1-9 as Minor; 10-15 as Moderate; 16-24 as Severe; and greater than 24 as Very Severe. ¾ Almost two thirds (63.1%) of patients suffer Minor injuries, and the remaining third are distributed nearly equally among Moderate, Severe, and Very Severe injuries. ¾ Average length of stay (LOS) increases for each consecutive severity grouping. ¾ The largest group (ISS 1-9) has the shortest average LOS (3.5 days), yet account for almost half (41.3%) of the total hospital days due to its size. © American College of Surgeons 2006. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank® 2006, Version 6.0 iii ¾ The Moderate group (ISS 10-15) has an average ICU length of stay 1.6 days, accounting for 10.3% of all ICU days. ¾ The Severe group (ISS 16-24) has an average ICU length of stay 3.7 days, accounting for 25.5% of all ICU days. ¾ The Very Severe group (ISS > 24) has an average ICU length of stay 7.6 days, accounting for 43.5%of all ICU days.