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Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE COMMUNITY

ISSUE #164 - December 2020 ) m o . r k c i l F ( e c u r B a s i L

: o t o h P

VIE EVIE RE W R W

L K U U 0 B 0 B .1 U 0.1 UNTU 20 CCOOOOKKIINNGG WWIITTHH UUBBUUNNTTUU NTU 2 KOOKBOOK AND COOKIES full circle magazine #164 contents ^ Full Circle Magazine is neither affiliated with,1 nor endorsed by, Ltd. HowTo Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY Python p.15 Linux News p.04

Podcast Production p.18 Command & Conquer p.13 Linux Loopback p.XX Everyday Ubuntu p.29

Erase with nwipe p.20 Ubuntu Devices p.33 The Daily Waddle p.37 My Opinion p.38

p.XX My Story p.XX Letters p.52 Review p.41

Inkscape p.23 Q&A p.49 Review p.45 Ubuntu Games p.XX Graphics

The articles contained in this magazine are released under the Creative Commons Attribution- Alike 3.0 Unported license. This means you can adapt, copy, distribute and transmit the articles but only under the following conditions: you must attribute the work to the original author in some way (at least a name, email or URL) and to this magazine by name ('Full Circle Magazine') and the URL www.fullcirclemagazine.org (but not attribute the article(s) in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must distribute the resulting work under the same, similar or a compatible license. Full Circle magazine is entirely independent of Canonical, the sponsor of the Ubuntu projects, and the views and opinions in the magazine should in no way be assumed to have Canonical endorsement. full circle magazine #164 2 contents ^ EEDDIITTOORRIIAALL

This magazine was created using :

WELCOME TO THE LAST ISSUE* OF FULL CIRCLE

es, within this last issue of FCM* we have more Python, more production, more Y , and a very timely piece on using nwipe. Maybe you'll get the gift of a new hard drive? Well, nwipe will help you properly erase that old drive. Personally, by the time I replace a hard drive it's usually given me so much grief that I happily take the old one outside and smash the living daylights out of it with a large .

Following on from last month's review of 20.10, we have reviews from Adam of and 20.10. In other reviews, Erik takes a look at Goggle Manager and interviews the developer. Find Full Circle on: Elsewhere this issue, we have Flash giving us a brief cookery lesson. I'm definitely going to try facebook.com/ his cookie recipe. Wish me luck. I've got the fire blanket and extinguisher at the ready. I'll know fullcirclemagazine they're ready when the smoke alarm goes off. twitter.com/#!/fullcirclemag In other news: Ubports have released another update to their mobile Touch OS. OTA-15 brings http://issuu.com/ more under the hood changes and sets the stage for another big version update in the future. fullcirclemagazine

https://mastodon.social/ That's it for FCM*. Stay safe and well! @fullcirclemagazine All the best! Ronnie Weekly News: [email protected] http://fullcirclemagazine.org/

* the last issue of 2020 that is... :) feed/podcast http://www.stitcher.com/s? fid=85347&refid=stpr http://tunein.com/radio/Full- FCM PATREON : https://www.patreon.com/fullcirclemagazine Circle-Weekly-News-p855064/

full circle magazine #164 3 contents ^ NNEEWWSS Submitted by ErikTheUnready

GNOME CIRCLE INITIATIVE code is distributed under an conferencing platform, Gitlab RHEL users, an additional paid source license approved by OSI . repository, and a Nextcloud based Extended Life Cycle Support (ELS) FOR LATFORM GNOME P repository account. subscription is offered, updates DEVELOPERS: Developers who join the with critical fixes will be released initiative are not required to follow https://www.gnome.org/news/ for RHEL 6 branch until June 30, 11/30/2020 the GNOME development schedule 2020/11/-circle/ 2024. 6 support will and develop on the GNOME end in March 2021. he GNOME Project introduced infrastructure. For applications, it is the GNOME Circle Initiative to T desirable, but not required, to END OF SUPPORT FOR https://www.mail-archive.com/ make it easier for third-party package in the format, scientific-linux- projects to enter the GNOME follow the GNOME interface design CENTOS 6, RHEL 6 AND [email protected]/ ecosystem. Until now, joining the guidelines, and provide 6: msg00057. GNOME project required a components for integration with transition to the GNOME the GNOME desktop (, desktop 11/30/2020 infrastructure and adherence to file, and screenshot for the the project's rules of development, application manager). For libraries, ovember 30 was the last day OPENZFS 2.0 RELEASE, which was a barrier to the entry it is desirable to maintain , N of support for the CentOS 6, into the GNOME community of follow GNOME coding guidelines, RHEL 6 and Scientific Linux 6 ZFS IMPLEMENTATION FOR developers developing personal and provide documentation. branches, which have expired and LINUX AND FREEBSD projects. GNOME Circle does not accept will no longer be maintained. The projects that require a Code Enterprise Linux 6 branch 12/01/2020 With the help of GNOME Circle, Transfer Agreement (CLA). was conceived in November 2010 it is planned to reduce the barrier and has been supported for 10 fter a year and a half of to entry into the project and GNOME Circle members, in years. A development , the OpenZFS organize interaction with addition to promoting their 2.0 project has been released , developers developing programs development more broadly, will All Scientific Linux 6 related developing the implementation of based on the GNOME platform. In have access to grants from the packages have been moved to the the ZFS file system for Linux and order to become a member of the GNOME Foundation for conference archive, which will break the FreeBSD. The project became GNOME Circle, it is enough to travel and marketing. Participants Scientific Linux 6 yum repos using known as "ZFS on Linux" and was develop a quality application or will also be given access to GNOME the official servers. Users are previously limited to developing a library that uses the GNOME services such as @ gnome.org encouraged to upgrade their module for the Linux kernel. After platform or GTK library, and the email, blog hosting, video systems to branches 7 or 8. For the transfer of support for full circle magazine #164 4 contents ^ NEWS FreeBSD, it was recognized as the LIGHTTPD 1.4.56 HTTP for managing the available server of the basic plugin. All main implementation of OpenZFS components. The size of the panel elements are applets, which SERVER RELEASE WITH and was removed from the installation image is 1.2 GB. An allows you to flexibly customize mention of Linux in the name. All HTTP / 2 SUPPORT online demo is provided to get the composition, change the ZFS development activity for Linux acquainted with the capabilities of placement and replace the and BSD systems is now 12/01/2020 the interface . The project implementation of the main panel concentrated in one project and is developments are distributed elements to your taste. Among the being developed in a common he lighttpd 1.4.56 lightweight under free licenses. available applets are the classic repository. T http server has been released . application menu, task switching The new version contains 600 https://community.nethserver.org/ system, area with a list of open OpenZFS is already used in the changes. The most significant t/nethserver-7-9-released-roasted- windows, viewing virtual desktops, FreeBSD upstream (HEAD) and is innovation is the implementation chestnut-edition/17002 power management indicator, included with , Ubuntu, of support for the HTTP / 2 volume control applet, system , and ALT protocol , which is still disabled by status indicator and clock. default and requires the Linux distributions. Packages with BUDGIE DESKTOP 10.5.2 the new version will soon be installation of the "server.h2proto" https://getsol.us/2020/12/02/ prepared for major Linux and "server.h2c" options in RELEASE: budgie-10-5-2-released/ distributions, including Debian, server.feature-flags. Ubuntu, Fedora, RHEL / CentOS. 03.12.2020 https://www.lighttpd.net/ FreeBSD keeps the code in sync SQLITE 3.34.0 RELEASE: with the current OpenZFS 2020/11/29/1.4.56/ he developers of have unveiled Budgie 10.5.2 desktop. codebase. OpenZFS has been T 03.12.2020 tested with Linux kernels 3.10 The Budgie desktop is based on GNOME technologies, but uses its through 5.9 (last release supported NETHSERVER 7.9 SERVER he release of SQLite 3.34.0 , a kernels from 2.6.32) and FreeBSD own implementations of the DISTRIBUTION IS AVAILABLE GNOME , panel, applets, and T lightweight DBMS designed as 12.2, stable / 12 and 13.0 (HEAD) a plug-in library, has been branches. notification system. The project 02.12.2020 code is distributed under the GPLv2 published. SQLite code is distributed as a , i.e. https://zfsonlinux.org/ license. In addition to the Solus ethServer 7.9 is out, which distribution, the Budgie desktop can be used without restrictions N offers a modular solution for also comes in the form of an and free of charge for any purpose. rapid deployment of servers in official Ubuntu edition . SQLite developers are financially small offices or medium-sized supported by a specially created enterprises. The distribution is To manage windows, Budgie consortium that includes based on the CentOS 7.9 package uses the Budgie Manager companies such as Adobe, Oracle, base and provides a web interface (BWM), an advanced modification Mozilla, Bentley and Bloomberg. full circle magazine #164 5 contents ^ NEWS P2P PLATFORM FOR DECEMBER UPDATE OF THE for distributing JavaScript modules, has been published. The https://www.sqlite.org/ DECENTRALIZED SITES RASPBERRY PI OS: changes.html NPM repository serves over 1.3 INTRODUCED: million packages, which are used by 12/04/2020 about 12 million developers. About 04.12.2020 75 billion downloads are recorded LINUX 20.2 he Raspberry Pi project per month. To install NPM 7.1 developers have published the DISTRIBUTION RELEASED: fter two years of T without waiting for a new version December update for the development , the first major of Node.js, you can run the A Raspberry Pi OS (Raspbian) 03.12.2020 release of the experimental Beaker command "npm i -g npm @ 7". 1.0 , notable for its distribution based on the Debian 10 "Buster" package base. Three anjaro Linux 20.2 , built on built-in support for Hypercore P2P https://blog.npmjs.org/post/ images are available for download - M the base of and communications, is out. With the 636604708661886976/release- a reduced ( 438 MB ) for server aimed at novice users, is out . The help of this protocol, a v710 distribution kit is notable for the decentralized content delivery systems, with a desktop ( 1.1 GB ) presence of a simplified and user- network is made, the nodes of and a complete one with an friendly installation process, which are browser users. Such a additional set of applications (2.9 T2 SDE 20.10 META- support for automatic hardware network makes it possible to host GB). The distribution comes with a detection and installation of the web applications that do not custom PIXEL environment (a DISTRIBUTION RELEASED: drivers necessary for its operation. require servers. The project code is of LXDE). About 35 thousand Manjaro comes in live builds with written in JavaScript using the packages are available for 05.12.2020 KDE (2.9 GB), GNOME (2.6 GB) and Chromium engine and Electron installation from the repositories . (2.6 GB) graphical platform, and is distributed under 0 years after the last stable environments. Builds with Budgie, the MIT license. It is available for https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/ 1 release , the release of the Cinnamon, , LXDE, LXQt, Linux, macOS and Windows. new-raspberry-pi-os-release- meta-distribution T2 SDE 20.10 has MATE and are additionally december-2020/ been published, which provides an developed with community https://beakerbrowser.com/ environment for creating your own participation . 2020/12/02/beaker-1-0.html distributions, cross-compiling and RELEASE OF THE NPM keeping package versions up to date. Distributions can be built https://forum.manjaro.org/t/ 7.1: manjaro-20-2-nibia-got-released/ based on Linux, Minix, Hurd, 41034 OpenDarwin, , and OpenBSD. 12/05/2020 Popular distributions based on the T2 system include . PM 7.1 , included in the BEAKER 1.0 BROWSER WITH Node.js distribution and used N The new release adds support full circle magazine #164 6 contents ^ NEWS for ARM64 and RISCV They added code to enigmail to prepared for Linux (AppImage) and audio data, plugins for applying architectures, and improves cross- simplify migration to Thunderbird's macOS. effects ( cancellation, compilation tools. Support for native OpenPGP implementation. equalizer, etc.). legacy systems including Sony PS3, https://twitter.com/radicle/status/ Sgi Octane and Sun UltraSPARC is https://www.debian.org/News/ 1333403629961797635 https://sourceforge.net/projects/ retained. More than a thousand 2020/20201205 /files/xine-lib/1.2.11/ new packages included. 11,743 README.txt/view packages were updated, including XINE 1.2.11 RELEASED: new versions of the Linux kernel, FIRST PUBLIC RELEASE OF GCC, LLVM, Clang, Rust, X.org, 12/07/2020 STABLE RELEASE OF THE Wayland, , KDE and GNOME. THE RADICLE CROSS-PLATFORM BROWSER DECENTRALIZED ine-lib 1.2.11 , a multi-platform https://www.mail-archive.com/ COLLABORATIVE library for playing video and VIVALDI 3.5 [email protected]/msg03851.html X DEVELOPMENT PLATFORM: audio files, as well as a set of related plugins, is out. The library 08.12.2020 can be used in a number of video 12/07/2020 DEBIAN 10.7 UPDATE: players , including xine-ui , gxine , he release of the proprietary kaffeine . T Vivaldi 3.5 browser , developed he first beta release of the P2P 12/05/2020 on the basis of the Chromium platform Radicle and its T Xine supports multithreading, engine, has been published . The associated desktop Radicle he seventh corrective update supports a large number of popular browser is being developed by the Upstream was just introduced. The for the Debian 10 distribution is and little-known formats and former developers of T project aims to create a out, which includes the codecs, and can process both local and aims to create a customizable decentralized service for accumulated package updates and content and multimedia streams and functional browser that collaborative development and fixed bugs in the installer. The transmitted over the network. The preserves the privacy of user data. storage of code, similar to GitHub release includes 54 updates that modular architecture makes it easy The main features include a and GitLab, but not tied to specific address stability issues and 38 to add functionality through tracking and ad blocker, note, servers, not subject to censorship updates that address plugins. There are 5 main classes of history and bookmark managers, and working using the resources of vulnerabilities. plugins: input plugins for receiving private browsing , end-to-end P2P network participants. The data (FS, DVD, CD, HTTP, etc.), encrypted sync, tab grouping proxy code for the node operation Of the changes in Debian 10.7, output plugins (XVideo, OpenGL, mode, sidebar, configurator with a is written in Rust, in the graphical an upgrade to the latest stable SDL, Framebuffer, ASCII, OSS, large number of settings, client in TypeScript, Svelte and versions of the mariadb, openjdk, ALSA, etc.), plugins for unpacking horizontal tab display mode, as Electron. The developments of the eas4tbsync, tbsync, and ublock- media containers (demuxers), well as in test mode built-in email project are distributed under the origin packages were highlighted. plugins for decoding video and client, rss reader and calendar. GPLv3 license. The images are full circle magazine #164 7 contents ^ NEWS The browser interface is written 2021. Maintaining the CentOS 7 CRUX 3.6 LINUX in JavaScript using the React branch will continue unchanged RED HAT STOPS DISTRIBUTION RELEASE library, Node.js framework, until 2024. Browserify and various ready-made DEVELOPMENT OF CENTOS 8 09.12.2020 NPM modules. IN FAVOR OF TEST CENTOS Unlike regular CentOS, in CentOS Stream, instead of TREAM fter a year and a half of https://vivaldi.com/blog/ S rebuilding the original packages development , the release of used in the already formed stable A 12/08/2020 an independent lightweight Linux RHEL releases, it offers builds distribution CRUX 3.6 has been based on the experimental and BASH 5.1 SHELL RELEASE he Red Hat company prepared , developed since 2001 in unstabilized packages generated announced the termination of accordance with the KISS (Keep It T for the next RHEL interim release. 08.12.2020 development of the CentOS 8 Simple, Stupid) concept and aimed CentOS Stream allows earlier distribution in its classic version, at experienced users. The goal of access to the capabilities of future fter two years of development, which implies the provision of the the project is to create a simple RHEL releases, but at the price of a new version of the GNU Bash most approximate rebuilds of the and transparent distribution kit for A this stability at the beta level. 5.1 shell has been published , which releases. users based on BSD-like scripts, is the default in most Linux Instead of classic CentOS, users will having the most simplified https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/ distributions. At the same time , a be prompted to upgrade to the structure and containing a -stream-building-innovative- release of the readline 8.1 library continuously updated edition of relatively small number of ready- future-enterprise-linux was formed , which is used in bash CentOS Stream , which can be seen made binary packages. CRUX to organize command line editing. as an intermediate between RHEL maintains a ports system that and Fedora, at the beta level of allows you to easily install and https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/ RHEL. Formation of updates for update FreeBSD / Gentoo style bug-bash/2020-12/msg00002.html classic CentOS 8 will be applications. The size of the iso discontinued on December 31, image prepared for -64 architecture is 819MB.

https://lists.crux.nu/pipermail/crux/ 2020-December/006755.html

full circle magazine #164 8 contents ^ NEWS QEMU 5.2 EMULATOR integrated development and conveniently cross-compile, environment for the Apache the including various components in RELEASE The project is still at the NetBeans 12.2 , which provides planning stage and the formation the assembly, which makes it easy support for Java SE programming of a development team. It is stated to create a ready-made firmware or 09.12.2020 languages, Java EE, PHP, C / C ++, that will continue the disk image adapted for specific JavaScript and Groovy. This is the tradition of classic CentOS and will tasks with the desired set of pre- he release of the QEMU 5.2 seventh release made by the be developed by the forces of the installed packages. Assemblies are project is presented . As an T Apache Foundation since Oracle community. The project will generated for 37 target platforms. emulator, QEMU allows you to run donated NetBeans code. provide a fully compatible Red Hat The OpenWrt 18.06.9 release will a program compiled for one Enterprise Linux rebuild that be the last in the 18.06 series, users hardware platform on a system https://blogs.apache.org/netbeans/ demonstrates the level of stability are encouraged to upgrade to the with a completely different entry/announce-apache-netbeans- of RHEL releases and is suitable for 19.07 branch. architecture, for example, to run an 12-2 use in production projects and application for ARM on an x86- enterprises. To finance the project, https://openwrt.org/releases/19.07/ compatible PC. In virtualization resources will be attracted from notes-19.07.5 mode in QEMU, the performance Control Command , which is of executing code in an isolated CENTOS FOUNDER STARTED headed by Gregory. environment is to the DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FREE hardware system due to the direct KDE APPLICATIONS 20.12 RHEL BUILD - ROCKY LINUX http://gmkurtzer.github.io/ execution of instructions on the RELEASE CPU and the use of the Xen 09.12.2020 hypervisor or the KVM module. 12/11/2020 OPENWRT UPDATE 18.06.9 regory Kurtzer , founder of the https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/ CentOS project, when AND 19.07.5 he December Cumulative html/qemu-devel/2020-12/ G discussing Red Hat's T Update of Applications (20.12) msg01961.html transformation of the stable 10.12.2020 developed by the KDE Project is CentOS platform into a test rolling presented. In total, as part of the CentOS Stream distribution, pdates for the OpenWrt December update , releases of 224 APACHE NETBEANS 12.2 announced his intention to create a U 19.07.5 and 18.06.9 programs, libraries and plugins were published . Information about IDE RELEASE new rebuild of RHEL and invited distribution have been published. other developers to join this They are intended for use in the availability of Live-assemblies various network devices such as with new releases of applications 09.12.2020 initiative. For development of the new distribution, Gregory routers and access points. OpenWrt can be found on this page: supports many different platforms pache Software Foundation registered the rockylinux.org and architectures and has a build https://community.kde.org/Plasma/ A Organization introduced an domain and created a repository on GitHub. system that allows you to easily Live_Images full circle magazine #164 9 contents ^ NEWS Everywhere technology instead of OBS STUDIO 26.1 VIDEO classic drivers and facilitate CUPS AUTHOR HAS TREAMING ELEASE CLOUDLINUX ANNOUNCED support for other IPP-based S R RELEASED PAPPL 1.0, A programs such as AirPrint and THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN 12/14/2020 FRAMEWORK FOR Mopria . ALTERNATIVE TO CENTOS 8 ORGANIZING PRINT OUTPUT ublished edition package OBS PAPPL includes a built-in Studio 26.1 for streaming, 12/15/2020 implementation of the IPP P 12.12.2020 compositing and video recording. Everywhere protocol , which The code is written in C / C ++ and loudLinux, which develops a provides the means to access ichael R Sweet, the original is distributed under the GPLv2 C commercial distribution kit of printers locally or over the network author of the CUPS printing license. Assemblies are generated the same name based on the RHEL M and process print requests. IPP system, who after leaving Apple for Linux, Windows and macOS. package base, has announced the Everywhere operates in "driverless" switched to developing the CUPS Lenix project , within which, with mode and, unlike PPD drivers, does fork of the OpenPrinting project, The development goal of OBS the participation of the community, not require static configuration presented the first stable release Studio is to create a free version of it is planned to develop a free files. Interaction with printers is of PAPPL , a new protocol-based the Open Broadcaster Software clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux supported both directly through a CUPS Applications application, not tied to the similar to CentOS. More than a local printer connection via USB, framework. IPP Everywhere, which Windows platform, supporting million dollars a year will be and over the network using the is recommended as a replacement OpenGL and extensible via plugins. allocated for the development of AppSocket and JetDirect for traditional printer drivers. The The difference is also the use of a the project . protocols . Data can be sent to the framework code is written in C and modular architecture, which means printer in JPEG, PNG, PWG Raster, is distributed under the Apache 2.0 the separation of the interface and It is noted that CloudLinux has Apple Raster and "raw" formats. license with the exception that the core of the program. Supports ten years of experience in creating allows linking with code under the transcoding of original streams, assemblies based on RHEL source https://github.com/michaelrsweet/ GPLv2 and LGPLv2 licenses. video capture during games and packages, a ready-made pappl streaming to Twitch, Facebook infrastructure and a large staff of The framework was originally Gaming, YouTube, DailyMotion, developers and maintainers. The designed to support the LPrint Hitbox and other services. To motivation for developing a free printing system and Gutenprint ensure high performance, it is RHEL build is associated with drivers , but can be used to possible to use hardware promoting a commercial Linux implement any printer and driver acceleration mechanisms (for kernel update service without support for printing on desktop, example, NVENC and VAAPI). rebooting KernelCare and server, and embedded systems. providing extended support The PAPPL is expected to help https://github.com/obsproject/obs- services . For example, CloudLinux accelerate the advancement of IPP studio/releases/tag/26.1.0 provides an extended support

full circle magazine #164 10 contents ^ NEWS service for CentOS 6 that continues has been formed. Anonymous login to publish updates until 2024, to is provided by the Tor despite the end of the system. All connections, except for maintenance cycle of the CentOS 6 traffic through the Tor network, are branch. blocked by the packet filter by default. Encryption is used to store Like CentOS, Lenix will be free, user data in the save user data open source and binary compatible mode between runs. A 1 GB iso with RHEL 8. The first release is image has been prepared for slated for the first quarter of 2021. downloading . It can work in Live Updates for Lenix 8 will be mode. released until 2029. For migration from CentOS 8, a toolkit will be In the new issue Tails updated prepared that will allow one tor 0.4.4.6, Thunderbird 78.5.1 and command to replace repositories Tor Browser 10.0.7 (officially and keys from CentOS to Lenix. releases Tor Browser 10.0.7 and Firefox 84 will be released in the https://www.businesswire.com/ evening), The Linux kernel has been news/home/20201215005483/en/ updated to release 5.9. The Unifont CloudLinux-Commits-More-Than-1- font has been removed from the Million-a-Year-to-CentOS- distribution. Replacement https://tails.boum.org/news/ version_4.14/index.en.html TAILS 4.14 DISTRIBUTION RELEASE

12/15/2020

he release of the specialized T distribution kit Tails 4.14 (The Amnesic Incognito Live System), based on the Debian package base and designed to provide anonymous access to the network,

full circle magazine #164 11 contents ^ The VirtualBox Networking Primer Connecting and Configuring Virtual Machines

The VirtualBox Networking Primer is a no-nonsense guide for the VirtualBox user taking their next steps into virtual networks.

While Oracle VM VirtualBox is a great free tool, the real power of virtualisation comes when you start connecting virtual machines to each other and to the wider world. Software development, sales, education and training are just some of the areas in which network access to virtual machines offers endless opportunities. But the world of networks is filled with complex technical jargon.

Complete with principles, practice, examples and glossary, The VirtualBox Networking Primer takes the frustration and confusion out of connecting real-world projects.

Author: Robin Catling Publisher: Proactivity Press ISBN13 : 9781916119482

Amazon US link: https://www.amazon.com/dp/1916119484? ref_=pe_3052080_397514860

Amazon UK link: https://www.amazon.co.uk/VirtualBox-Networking-Primer- Connecting-Configuring/dp/1916119484/ref=sr_1_1? dchild=1&keywords=virtualbox+networking+primer&qid=1600253 699&s=&sr=1-1

Kobo: https://www.kobo.com/us/en/ebook/the-virtualbox-networking- primer full circle magazine #164 12 contents ^ CCOOMMMMAANNDD && CCOONNQQUUEERR Written by Erik DDeemmyyssttiiffyyiinngg NNmmaapp PPtt..33

Website: https://gbhackers.com/ would not do things like the outlet these packets, rather than the remote system that you are external-penetration-testing/ challenge either: https://www.the- responding as they are supposed attempting to establish a sun.com/news/299433/stupid- to. The ICMP standards also specify connection. Normally the This time, the website is different, tiktok-outlet-challenge-penny- timestamp request, information destination port will be closed, and to reflect what we want to do with game-deadly/ request, and address mask request a RST (reset) packet sent back. If nmap. packets as codes 13, 15, and 17, the port happens to be open, the I will refer to this table, and you respectively. While the ostensible target will take the second of Please this article, and you can simply look it up if networking purpose for these queries is to a TCP three-way-handshake by will be much wiser as to how nmap is not your thing. learn information such as address responding with a SYN/ACK TCP is used. masks and current times, they can packet. Nmap does not care Note: This will be our first nmap easily be used for host discovery. In whether the port is open or closed. elcome back to another query to require root / sudo our example case, we can use type Either the RST or SYN/ACK W educating experience: privileges. (On Linux, only root is 13, and we will tailor our request as response tell nmap that the host is ‘demystifying nmap’. So, last issue, generally able to send and receive follows: available and responsive. What will we talked about customising your raw TCP packets.) that look like? Try this: ping sweep, but we did not say sudo nmap -sP -PP 192.168.1.0/24 how. If you read the linked article, Let’s make another ping sweep.. nmap -sP -PS 192.168.0.0/24 you will know the why. However, if Do you still remember how? In this Go on, try it on your local you don’t know how ICMP works, I category, we have ; PP; PM (ICMP You are doing great so far if you network. (Again, don’t try it on the have good news for you; you will ping types) that we use to modify have been following along. We can police services website?) learn something new. You don’t our query. Like so: also skip the port scan, by have to remember the whole table, specifying -sn. We are also able to Okay, back to our ping sweep. but get an overall feel. Please nmap -sP -PP 192.168.1.0/24 spoof our egress port, with the -g Remember that I told you the ACK peruse the table (0-18) here: http:// switch that we tack on right at the flag was set on the TCP packet? We www.informit.com/articles/ Nmap can send the standard end of our query. can change that to a SYN, to fool article.aspx?p=26557&seqNum=5 packets sent by the ubiquitous ping program. Nmap sends an ICMP type stateful firewalls. The default For example: -g137 will tell our destination port is 80. Alternate Now, it is true that you don’t 8 (echo request) packet to the target the request came from port ports can be specified as a need to know what electricity is to target IP addresses, expecting a 137. parameter. Note that if you specify use it, and I suppose the same can type 0 (echo reply) in return from an alternative port, there is no be said of nmap. The fact of the live hosts. Unfortunately for us, Easy-peasy-lemon-squeezy! space between the PS and the port matter is, if you knew better, you many hosts and firewalls now block number. The SYN flag suggests to full circle magazine #164 13 contents ^ COMMAND & CONQUER

It goes without saying that if -PS is the SYN flag, -PA is the ACK flag.

Our cheat sheet is shown below.

Nmap even allows you to get more creative with your packets! But, more on this in the next issue of FCM. Hope to see you there.

Hope you enjoyed this third demystifying nmap article and I'll see you next issue for something new.

As always, comments, Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He compliments, complaints, all to: has seen technology come and go. [email protected] From repairing washing machine sized hard drives with multimeters and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to scaling 3G towers, he's done it.

HOSTS: Scan a single IP: nmap 192.168.1.1 Scan a host: nmap www.myserver.net Scan a range of IPs: nmap 192.168.1.1-20 Scan a subnet: nmap 192.168.1.0/24 Scan from a : nmap -iL list_of_ips.txt

PORTS: Scan a single Port: nmap -p 22 192.168.1.1 Scan a range of ports: nmap -p 1-100 192.168.1.1 Scan 100 most common ports: nmap -F 192.168.1.1 Scan all (65535) ports: nmap -p- 192.168.1.1

full circle magazine #164 14 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Greg Walters PPyytthhoonn IInn TThhee RREEAALL WWoorrlldd PPtt..111122

ast month, we looked at using solution. import numpy as np # read file with one duration per line L the datetime library to, among with open('clean_times.txt', 'r') as f: other things, calculate a billing cost After digging around on the x = f.read() # Convert string to list of '00:02:12.31' for hours worked. Unfortunately, I Internet, I found this discussion on # I had to drop last item (empty string) didn’t have enough time or space stackoverflow.com. (https:// tmp = x.split('\n')[:-1] to discuss adding multiple hours stackoverflow.com/questions/ # get list of ['00', 02, '12.31'] tmp = [i.split(':') for i in tmp.copy()] worked to get a “grand total” to bill 2410454/adding-up-time- # create numpy array with floats the customer. durations-in-python). np_tmp = np.array(tmp, dtype=np.float) Banderlog013 answered the # sum via columns and divide # hours/24 minutes/60 milliseconds/1000 One would assume that since question the best, so I grabbed a # X will be a float array [days, hours, seconds] you can subtract two datetime copy of his code. # Something like `array([ 0. , 15.68333333, 7.4189 ])` objects, that you could add two X = np_tmp.sum(axis=0) / np.array([24, 60, 1000]) datetime objects just as easily. But It seems the solution is “simply” let’s go through the motions – just The program assumes that you you can’t. to use the numpy library. After in case you haven’t done this yet. have the hours put into a text file. playing around with the code, I You can simply use pip (or pip3) to Here ‘s the one that I will use for If we use an example from last realized that, for my needs, it didn’t install numpy … this project. It’s simply just a series month and have the two datetime quite give me what I needed. Here of task times for our mythical objects st and et (meaning start (top right) is his original code, $ pip3 install numpy employee. One entry per line. time and end time), and try to add including his comments. them – which really makes no If numpy is already installed, 06:00:00 sense, but let’s try it anyway – you While this worked on a basic that’s ok. You’ll just get a gentle 03:00:00 02:08:00 will receive the text shown below. level, it wasn’t really what I wanted. message that you have already 03:10:00 So I started modifying the code. done this … 11:10:00 While there are a few ways to But, before we get too deep into 08:00:00 actually add times using datediff, the code, I will remind you that you Requirement already satisfied: they are very clumsy, and I really need to have the numpy library numpy in ./.local/lib/python3.8/ Make sure that you press don’t think I could properly explain installed. Most of my regular site-packages (1.19.2) after you make the last it, so I started looking for a better readers already have done this, but entry in the text file. You can use any you wish, from Vim, Traceback (most recent call last): to nano, or your favorite IDE. Save File "", line 1, in the file as “hours-11-20-20.txt” . TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'datetime.datetime' and 'datetime.datetime'

full circle magazine #164 15 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON Now that is taken care of, let’s entry in our list and convert that import numpy as np look at the code (after I modified into a list of lists. it), block by block, with some # read file with one duration per line explanations along the way. To run # get list of ['00', 02, with open("hours-11-20-20.txt", "r") as f: '12.31'] x = f.read() the program, you will need to use a version of Python that is 3.7 or tmp = [i.split(":") for i in Now we need to manipulate the data in the variable x so we can use it. tmp.copy()] later, since I use “f-strings” He converts it into a list: throughout. print(f"tmp={tmp}") # Convert string to list of '00:02:12.31' # I had to drop last item (empty string) First, we need to import numpy The print statement is mine – so tmp = x.split("\n")[:-1] into our program, and then read that we can see the data. The the file. The data from the file is variable tmp now contains: np_tmp and has appended each We are getting close to the going to be put into a variable into the np_tims list. Our output, at “magic” of what the program does. named “x”. At this point, most of tmp=[['06', '00', '00'], this time, looks like this: Since we are done with the for ['03', '00', '00'], ['02', loop, we’ll now use the .sum this this is the code from '08', '00'], ['03', '10', Banderlog013, including his '00'], ['11', '10', '00'], np_tmp=[6. 0. 0.] function of numpy. He originally ['08', '00', '00'], ['']] np_tmp=[3. 0. 0.] original comments (top right). np_tmp=[2. 8. 0.] divided the array sums by another np_tmp=[ 3. 10. 0.] array of [24, 60, 1000]. However There is the list of lists I np_tmp=[11. 10. 0.] when that happened, it threw the np_tmp=[8. 0. 0.] At this point, the data that is in mentioned above. Next, we create numbers off. So I changed the code the variable “tmp” is: an empty list that will hold each of to leave the array sums as it was, And the np_tims list looks like the items and then walk through which worked for me. ['06:00:00', '03:00:00', each item, convert that to a numpy this: '02:08:00', '03:10:00', float array, append that to the # X = '11:10:00', '08:00:00', ''] [array([6., 0., 0.]), np.array(np_tims).sum(axis=0) empty list (np_tims) see below. array([3., 0., 0.]), / np.array([24, 60, 1000]) array([2., 8., 0.]), I didn’t include microseconds in So this is the end of the for array([ 3., 10., 0.]), X = my data entries, so it’s just a list of array([11., 10., 0.]), np.array(np_tims).sum(axis=0) the simple strings that we had loop. At this point, the program has array([8., 0., 0.])] # / np.array([1, 60, 1000]) printed each of the values for entered into the file. Also notice print(X) that the last element of the list is a blank string, which is why he np_tims = [] Now when we hit the print(X) mentions that he needed to drop for ls in range(len(tmp) - 1): # for ls in range(len(tmp)): line, the output from our program the last item in his comments. # create numpy array with floats presents us with: np_tmp = np.array(tmp[ls], dtype=np.float) print(f"np_tmp={np_tmp}") Now, we need to take each np_tims.append(np_tmp) [33. 28. 0.]

full circle magazine #164 16 contents ^ HOWTO - PYTHON and requires a lot less If you look at the print At this point, we pull the hour programming, but I wanted to statement at the end of the code and minute values from the list so break it down into easily block, we format the total amount that we can easily deal with them. “digestible chunks”. to be billed to only two decimal points by using the “:.2f” hrs = X[0] As we did last month, we use constructor. What if we didn’t mins = X[1] print(hrs, mins) divmod to convert the numbers format the billtotal variable? The into hours, minutes and seconds program would print: And the output here would be: just in case we have more minutes than 60 so the values correlate Bill= $836.6666666666666 33.0 28.0 correctly: Which doesn’t make sense for a And, as you know, the value on min, sec = divmod(totalsecs, billing amount. 60) the left is hours with the value on the right being the minutes. Notice hours, minutes = divmod(min, Since we spent time creating a that I don’t really care about 60) program, I thought long and hard about how to provide the source seconds at this point, so they are print(f"{hours} hours and ignored. {minutes} minutes") code. If I went to pastebin as I have in the past, you would have to 33.0 hours and 28.0 minutes Next, we convert the hours to make two separate downloads, but seconds by multiplying by 3600, if I put the code on my github Luckily, in this example the repository, then you have to and the minutes by 60, and then numbers match. Finally, we apply adding them together. download only one happy little zip our billing factor. In this case, our file. So, I have put the code in my mythical bills out at totalsecs = (hrs * 3600) + github repository. You can (mins * 60) $25 per hour, AND we bill portions download them at https:// of an hour instead of rounding Greg Walters is a retired github.com/gregwa1953/FCM164. programmer living in Central Texas, print(f"TotalSecs: everything up to the next hour. {totalsecs}") USA. He has been a programmer As always, until next time; stay since 1972 and in his spare time, he is TotalSecs: 120480.0 billingratehours = 25 an author, amateur photographer, billingrateminutes = 25 / 60 safe, healthy, positive and luthier, fair musician and a pretty billtotal = (hours * creative! darn good cook. He still is the owner You COULD make the line: billingratehours) + (minutes of RainyDaySolutions a consulting * billingrateminutes) company and he spends most of his Totalsecs = (X[0] * 3600) + print(f"Bill= $ {billtotal:.2f}") time writing articles for FCM and (X[1] * 60) tutorials. His website is Bill= $836.67 www.thedesignatedgeek.xyz . Which is much more intuitive

full circle magazine #164 17 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Tony Hughes PPooddccaasstt PPrroodduuccttiioonn iinn LLiinnuuxx -- PPtt..66

o in the first 5 articles we have S looked at the hardware, the software needed to record your audio, and the process to get it out to those wishing to listen to it. In this month's article, we will look at how we record the audio for a multi-host podcast when you are all in different locations, and the First let us talk about how we process of putting that audio record the show. On mintCast, we together for publication on the use Mumble to meet up both to internet. plan and record the show. We record every two weeks on a For the purposes of this article, I Sunday evening at 8pm UK local will talk about how we do this on time, 3pm EST in the US. During the the mintCast podcast as this was periods when the clocks change in my first experience of being on and the spring and autumn (fall for our being part of the post-production US friends) things can get a little team editing the show audio. I am complicated, but that’s just the way by no means an expert, and others these things happen. As mintCast is may have different methods that now a weekly show, you may have Audacity fails for some reason. To would make the process easier or time commitment needed for the gathered (and it is no secret to do this, we record Mumble using the final product sound better, but recording and post production those who listen to the live feed) the multi-track function and this is what we have found works process. that we record the show and split it change the mode to .flac. One of quite well for us. If you have any into 2 episodes; this is so we can be Back to the recording. As I have the advantages of recording the suggestions or comments on what I weekly without upping the said, we all use Mumble to record Mumble tracks is that Mumble discuss here, please a letter recording commitment, which, if the show, and within mumble you automatically syncs the audio, so, if or another article outlining your you start your own podcast, you have the facility to record the a host drops out and rejoins while process for audio editing; Ronnie is will need to think about. On audio; while this is not the best their audio would now be on 2 always up for more content for the Distrohoppers, we chose to be option for the final edit, we do this separate tracks, they are in sync magazine. monthly, partly for better show as a backup in case the local audio with the rest of the show audio and content, and partly to reduce the of one of the hosts recorded in you can merge these down to a full circle magazine #164 18 contents ^ HOWTO - PODCAST PRODUCTION single audio track that is easier to edit back into the final recording. Just one other point to note is that each episode of the show is also live streamed on YouTube, and, if we have a total disaster, we also have the audio from this as a further backup.

So that is Mumble and how we So before we start to record the the recording of the show. At the more information you can get me can all talk to each other, and show, we all start audacity and save end of the show recording, we all at: record audio. But, to give a better a audio track as our initials stop our audio and the first thing [email protected] quality final edit, we also all record and the episode number. Example: we do is save the track as the raw or our own audio track locally using THEp340.aup this is the raw audacity file by going to file – save [email protected] Audacity. For those who are not audacity format. Then the person project. This ensures we have the aware of Audacity, it is a fairly leading the audio recording will do audio as an audacity file if the powerful audio recording and a countdown of 3,2,1, record, and export goes wrong. We then editing program that is still we all start our Audacity recording export as a .flac by going file - reasonably easy for a novice audio at the same instant; at this point Export – Export audio, choose a editor like myself to get to grips we record 25 seconds of silence to location to save the .flac file to, with. The latest version is 2.4.2 but record the background noise at and select the best quality 24bit the Ubuntu repositories currently each person’s location for later for future editing. Once we have all have 2.3.2, although, if you wish to editing of the audio. Then shortly done this, we each send a copy of install the latest version on Ubuntu following the silence, we will do our audio file of the show to a or Mint, you can install the or another countdown of 3,2,1, Zero, folder in our drive account so the Flatpak. where the audio lead does the editor can download all the audio countdown and we all say zero for the post show process. together; this is later used as a way of lining up the individual audio So that is how we get the audio; tracks to account for lag over the next month, we will look at putting internet. all those tracks together and producing the edit that you, the At this point, if I am the audio listener, hear each week. lead, I will hand back to Leo as the show’s lead host, and we will start If you wish to contact me for

full circle magazine #164 19 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Adam Hunt EErraassee WWiitthh nnwwiippee

o you have a new computer? download and put on a CD, DVD or blanking program called dwipe that To blank a drive you have to run it What are you doing with that a USB stick and then run it to blank ran on top of a Linux kernel. from somewhere other than the old one? Time to send it to e-waste a hard drive. DBAN development drive being blanked. If you want to for recycling or give it to a friend to ended in 2015, that The great thing about free blank the main hard drive on a reuse? project was sold to a is that it is easy to fork computer then you need to run it company and there hasn’t been a and so dwipe has become nwipe, from some other media, like a CD, Before you do that take a new release in five years. DBAN developed by Martijn van DVD or USB stick. moment to think about what might was nice and simple. It used a Brummelen. It is easy to get too. be on that hard drive. Banking information? Credit card numbers? Passwords? Videos that it would be better if the world didn’t see them? Perhaps you think, “no problem I’ll just delete those”. Did you know deleting files doesn’t actually make them unreadable on the drive? It just makes them available to overwrite; they can still be easily retrieved and read.

Be safe: don’t pass any hard drive to anyone without blanking it first, using real military-grade blanking, so you know that data is truly gone.

For older style rotating hard drives there are a number of ways of blanking them. Some years ago the preferred choice was DBAN, (Darik’s Boot and Nuke), a self- contained ISO file that you could

full circle magazine #164 20 contents ^ HOWTO - ERASE WITH NWIPE One way to get nwipe is to get it drive to be blanked, space bar to If nwipe is being run from a pre-packaged, such as in the All-in- select and shift+s to start it ‘buntu disk then any screensavers It is probably worth noting that One System Rescue Toolkit (AiO- running. should be disabled to make sure all these blanking methods only SRT), put out by Paul Bryan nwipe completes its task work on drives that still work (even Vreeland. It is easy to download The default blanking pattern is unimpeded. if they have errors on them). If a the AiO-SRT, make a disk and then the DoD Short (US Department of drive no longer works, it is best to boot it up to run nwipe, right from Defense 5220.22-M short 3 pass How long does it take to blank a physically destroy it, before the AiO-SRT desktop. The current wipe, using programmed passes 1, drive? That all depends on the recycling it. version of AiO-SRT is based on 2 & 7), using the Mersenne Twister speed of the processor and the size Lubuntu 16.04 LTS, though and so pseudo random number generator. of the drive, plus the method used. CONCLUSIONS newer hardware may require a In case you prefer another method, I was recently able to blank a 250 newer Linux kernel to run it. the interface allows choosing any GB drive with an Intel Core i5 dual nwipe gets your drive safely one of seven others: core CPU running at 2.30 GHz, in sanitized and ready for recycling or nwipe is also available as a about five and a half hours. A 1 TB reuse. It is easy to get in several package in the Ubuntu • Zero Fill - Fills the device with drive may take 24 hours. ways and simple to use. Best of all, repositories. That means you can zeros, one round only. it works! add it to any ‘buntu flavor running • RCMP TSSIT OPS-II - Royal When it is finished, the nwipe as a live session and run it using the Canadian Mounted Police Technical interface gives a “success” report , newest kernel, which will support Security Standard, OPS-II which provides some confidence LINKS newer hardware. I have done this • DoD 5220.22M - The American that it is done right. Checking the with Lubuntu 19.10, being run from Department of Defense 5220.22-M drive with Gparted or the KDE nwipe home: a USB stick. It can be installed from full 7 pass wipe. Partition Manager will show the https://github.com/ the package manager or from the • Gutmann Wipe - Peter Gutmann's disk is all "unallocated space", if it martijnvanbrummelen/nwipe command line: method (Secure Deletion of Data is done right. There will be no from Magnetic and Solid-State , no file system nwipe on : $ sudo install nwipe Memory). and no partitions present on the https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/ • PRNG Stream - Fills the device blanked drive. +source/nwipe and it installs in seconds, being with a stream from the PRNG. only 32 kb in size. Running it is • Verify only - This method only nwipe is used for rotating hard All-in-One System Rescue Toolkit equally easy: reads the device and checks that it drives, but it is not used on solid home: is all zero. state drives (SSDs). Those newer https://paul.is-a-geek.org/aio-srt/ $ sudo nwipe • HMG IS5 enhanced - Secure style drives can be blanked with Sanitisation of Protectively Marked , which has a utility Parted Magic Secure Erase: and it will open in a terminal Information or Sensitive that can do it, called Secure Erase. https://partedmagic.com/secure- window with a simple Information Secure Erase can also blank erase/ interface. Just arrow key to the rotating hard drives, too. full circle magazine #164 21 contents ^ full circle magazine #164 22 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Mark Crutch IInnkkssccaappee -- PPaarrtt 110044

on my Ubuntu Mate system and by selecting a different option in supports pressure sensitivity. that menu, the behaviour of the Pencil tool changes dramatically. This seems a little odd to me, With the toggle enabled, the The shape you draw is no longer his month, we’ll be continuing because toggling it ‘on’ tool control bar changes to look the stroke of a , but rather it is T to look at the changes in immediately disables the other like the image below, providing a filled path in its own right. In 1.0, Inkscape’s drawing tools that three buttons. It’s still only additional controls labelled “Min”, the shape is the result of applying a arrived with version 1.0. possible to have one option “Max” and “Caps”: Live Path Effect onto the skeleton exclusively selected (the hallmark path you’ve drawn. The triangle-in Before describing what those and triangle-out shapes are PENCIL TOOL of radio buttons), so I don’t really understand why this wasn’t just controls do, a brief recap of the created using the Power Stroke included as an extra radio button, way that the Pencil tool works is LPE, whereas the ellipse and Last time, I covered changes to probably useful. Historically, it was -based shapes are the Bézier and Calligraphy tools, so rather than implemented as a toggle. What it does mean, though, just a tool for freehand drawing produced using the Pattern Along let’s start this article with the third that would create simple paths. Path LPE. As you can see, this tool of the line-drawing tools, the Pencil is that switching to a different mode requires the additional step Starting and ending at the same relies heavily on LPEs for its more or Freehand tool. The release notes point would create a closed path, advanced features. mention only one change to this of turning off this toggle to re- enable the older buttons. whereas a different ending point tool (albeit one that comes with would result in an open path. The This brings us back to the new controls for several parameters), so thickness and style of the resultant pressure-sensitive mode. This is I’ll begin with that. In Inkscape 1.0, Minor UI gripes aside, what does this button actually do? It enables path was trivially based on the fill also implemented using the Power the tool control bar has gained an and stroke options, as you might Stroke LPE, but whereas triangle-in additional button in the “Mode” pressure sensitivity for the tool, which is of no practical use to expect. and -out just have a single control section, outlined in red in this point for setting the thickness of screenshot: mouse users, but may be beneficial to tablet users. Time to dig out my More recent releases added a the triangle’s base, in pressure- ‘cheap-but-does-the-job’ “Shape” pop-up menu. With that sensitive mode, Inkscape creates Whereas the first three entries set to “None”, the behaviour multiple control points along the in this section act as radio buttons, Monoprice branded tablet; it’s no Wacom, but it works out-of-the-box remained as described above, but length of the drawn line – the new addition acts as a toggle. whenever there’s a significant change in pressure. The result is a line that moves from thin to thick and back, based on the pressure

full circle magazine #164 23 contents ^ HOWTO - INKSCAPE you apply, but with the ability to This makes it easy to compensate a much more naturalistic feel to “Width” field to become a tweak the thickness of each part of for poor pressure control by cartoons and sketches – though it maximum value, but with the the stroke by switching to the adjusting the line thickness after still requires a more artistic hand actual value used depending on the Node tool and manipulating the drawing. than my own to produce something pressure applied to the stylus. It purple control points. Knowing that this mode enables impressive. also gains controls for Thinning, the Power Stroke LPE makes it Caps, and Tremor, mirroring those You can see the effect in the easier to understand what the ERASER TOOL in the Calligraphy tool. image below. The top line was various controls on the tool control created with the shape control set bar do. Min and Max set the I make no secret of the fact that I won’t spend any more time to “None”: it’s a simple path with minimum and maximum values for the Eraser is one of my least discussing these: you can read my nodes at the ends, but no way to the purple control points. The Caps favourite tools in Inkscape. Not description of the Calligraphy tool adjust the stroke thickness along control sets the shape of the end because it has any inherent in part 78 if you wish. I still believe its length. The second line used caps, and mirrors the problems or limitations, but a more useful approach would “Triangle-out”, and you can see corresponding control within the because it’s deceptively familiar for actually be to draw the erasing line that there’s a single purple handle LPE itself. users coming from bitmap editors. you want using the Calligraphy tool at the left that is used to adjust the Too many words have been (or some other tool, if you prefer), stroke thickness set by the Power For my tablet, setting a Min of 0 expended on forum threads in then either perform a Boolean Stroke LPE. The third line was the and a Max of 20, with round end which new Inkscape users bring operation or use it as the basis of a result of some random pressure caps and a small amount of their bitmap preconceptions to the clip or mask. adjustments using a graphics smoothing (around 10 on this vector world, and the presence of tablet: this one has even more scale), gives a nice “marker-pen” an eraser that goes some way In that vein, however, the handles for adjusting the skeleton effect that responds quite nicely to towards mimicking its raster second addition to the Eraser is path, plus additional purple LPE the pressure I tend to apply to the equivalent makes it even harder to more welcome: a clipping mode. handles at each pressure change. stylus. Potentially, this can provide explain why Boolean operations or Previously this tool could either clipping paths are a usually a better erase objects entirely, or cut away solution to their task. parts of the shapes by effectively performing an immediate Boolean Nevertheless it does exist, and it operation with the drawn line. The does have its uses, so it’s nice to clipping option adds a third button see it gaining some additional to the Mode section of the tool features in 1.0. The bulk of the control bar: additions are to make it operate in a similar way to the Calligraphy Tool: there’s a toggle for pressure- sensitivity, which causes the

full circle magazine #164 24 contents ^ HOWTO - INKSCAPE With this enabled, the “erasing” applied. Consider the image below, 90% of the way to a finished useful at-a-glance information is actually performed by creating a with a deliberately thick stroke to clipping path in a fraction of the about a path… if it wasn’t for the clipping path that is immediately make the point. On the left is the time. In fact, this addition alone fact that the data displayed aren’t applied to the object. Where more original shape, whilst the middle may have just promoted the Eraser always correct. Let me prove this than one object is affected, each and right-hand images show the tool from being one of my least assertion with an example. Here’s a one gets its own clipping path, results of the Boolean eraser and used tools, to being a clear square, drawn so that its top-left independent of the others, even if the clipping eraser, respectively. favourite. corner is at (0, 0), with sides of the original objects overlapped. Notice that the Boolean eraser 10mm. The document properties results in separate path objects, MEASUREMENT TOOL are set with mm as the display A very nice touch is that only a each with a complete stroke units, and I’m using the geometric single clipping path is created for a around them. The clipped shape, on The Measurement tool is bounding box so that the stroke given object, even if you erase the other hand, is still a single another that I rarely use, but which width doesn’t factor into the using several separate strokes. This object, so the cut faces are not has also seen some small but dimensions. makes it easier to remove large “closed” by the path. significant additions in Inkscape v1. parts of an object with a thick This month, I’ll talk about the first Switching to the measurement eraser, then reduce the tool’s width The clipping mode is a great of these: an extended “tooltip” that tool and hovering over the square for subsequent passes to refine the addition to the Eraser tool, creating appears when hovering over a path produces this tooltip: shape being removed, without a non-destructive edit that can (or an object that can be trivially ending up with multiple clip paths later be refined, or reverted converted to a path, such as a to manage. entirely, with ease. When creating rectangle, ellipse or star). The my comic strips, I often have to tooltip shows the length of the It’s important to note, however, apply clipping paths around very path, as well as the X and Y that the results produced by precise shapes. Usually I block coordinates, width and height of clipping will not always be the them out with straight-line paths, the object’s bounding box. In same as those created using then use the Node tool to fine-tune theory, this could provide some Boolean erasing, particularly if the the corners and curves. But this target object has a visible stroke new feature promises to get me

full circle magazine #164 25 contents ^ HOWTO - INKSCAPE path to work on, by duplicating the hold Ctrl (incorrectly described as The first problem here is that square, moving the copy, then Having the Select tool declaring Shift in the release notes) to see the values displayed are in pixels, using Path > Union to convert the a width of 83.795px and height of the data for an individual path. But even though I specified mm as my two squares into a single path 37.795, while the Measurement given that the values in the tooltip display units. That’s easily comprising two sub-paths. Since tool claims values of 316.71px and clearly can’t be trusted, this explained: the Measurement tool each sub-path’s perimeter is 142.85px, leaves me thoroughly capability is somewhat moot. has its own , with a pop-up 151.18px, surely the Length in the confused as to how the values in menu to select the units it displays. tooltip for both paths must simply the tooltip are actually calculated. Changing that pop-up to “mm” be double that value, right? Wrong. This situation leaves me uneasy results in this tooltip instead: about the measurement tool in general; I wonder what it has to say when used in the traditional click- and-drag mode?

A quick comparison with the The Length displayed for two previous screenshot shows that identical paths combined is over 7.5 although the units are now correct, times the value shown for a single the actual numbers are still the path! The Height and Width values pixel values! According to this tool, also have me scratching my head: my 10mm square now has sides they might make sense if the that are nearly four times as long. squares were arranged along a For clarity, I’ve copied and diagonal, but they’re side-by-side. enlarged the top and right values, And what of that Y value? I drew Here’s what they look like when and put them inside the boxes. The the rectangle from top-left to using the Select tool, together with width and height are reported as bottom-right, the selector tool the tool control bar’s the expected values of 83.79px and shows the Y value as zero, and even interpretation of these values (in 37.79px. the XML editor agrees. Yet, for px): some reason, the measurement The tooltip mode has another Mark uses Inkscape to create three tool wants to take its Y value from feature which I’ll mention for webcomics, 'The Greys', 'Monsters, the bottom of the shape, not the completeness: when used on a Inked' and 'Elvie', which can all be found at http:// top. group of paths, it will show values www.peppertop.com/ for the width, height and position Now let’s give it a more complex of the whole group, but you can full circle magazine #164 26 contents ^ by: ErikTheUnready

full circle magazine #164 27 contents ^ LLIINNUUXX LLOOOOPPBBAACCKK Written by S. J. Webb

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SJ Webb is a researcher coordinator. When he is not working, he enjoys time with his wife and kids. He thanks Mike Ferarri for his mentorship.

full circle magazine #164 28 contents ^ EEVVEERRYYDDAAYY UUBBUUNNTTUU Written by Richard Adams CCooookkiinngg WWiitthh UUbbuunnttuu PPtt..11

or loyal readers of this column issue #150, page 30). The ultimate 16.10 machine, I couldn’t get any done with an electric mixer, but can F (both of you, and, yes, I’ve used problem was that KRecipes would other recipe software, besides also be done with a spatula. that joke before and undoubtedly not work correctly: it would save a KRecipes, to run at all. Now, • Add one whole egg and the will again), you may recall that this file after entering recipe however, I can run both Kookbook vanilla, mixing until incorporated. column addressed recipe instructions, but upon re-opening and Recipes. Since a big part of the • Slowly add the dry ingredients to management once before, but we the file, the instructions had not holiday festivities every year the wet mixture while continuing ran into evident bugs and a lack of actually been saved. It was also revolves around cooking, it seems to mix until dough just becomes documentation for the KRecipes impossible to save recipe pictures. like now would be an especially smooth in texture. application, so we were not good time to revisit the subject of • Chill dough, covered, in the entirely successful in those efforts Since then, I’ve updated from how Ubuntu can help us with the refrigerator for an hour. (see Everyday Ubuntu in Full Circle my hamster-wheel powered cooking aspect of everyday life. • Divide the dough into 6 equal Magazine issue #148, page 28 and Ubuntu 16 rig to Ubuntu 20. On my parts. Shape each portion into a Kookbook has a simple main ball and flatten slightly. screen (see image left) • Bake on a cookie sheet (pre- sprayed with cooking spray) at 350 Let’s enter a basic cookie degrees F for 8-10 minutes, until recipe, so we can bake Santa some lightly browned. goodies to leave out. Here’s our • Remove to wire rack to cool. ingredient list: • ¾ cup sugar or sucralose By the way, this recipe can scale • 1 1/8 tsp baking powder up readily to make larger batches. • ¼ tsp salt • 1 cup all-purpose flour KOOKBOOK INSTALLATION • 1 egg • ¾ stick softened salted butter To install Kookbook, go to the • 1 ½ tsp vanilla extract (icon on the Launcher that looks like a And here are our instructions: suitcase with a blue • Whisk together the flour, baking circle and nine small powder, and salt. Set aside. dots or squares): • Cream the softened butter with the sugar. This can most easily be If the Software Center does not full circle magazine #164 29 contents ^ EVERYDAY UBUNTU default to the Explore tab (top of type Kookbook at the top and hit editor for recipe entry, but that did screen), click it. From here, you can select Install to search. not happen for me. Let’s try at the top to install the Kookbook clicking the Open software. This screenshot shows ADDING A NEW RECIPE Collection icon at top Launch, but that’s because I left: installed it previously. To launch Once we’ve found and launched the software, click Kookbook, we can enter a new Then we’ll browse to the the nine white dots/ recipe. Click the ‘plus’ Recipes location. Hmm, the folder icon at the bottom of symbol at the top to is still empty, so the program didn’t the Launcher: begin a new recipe: even save an empty file. Time to contact our best friend, Google. then look for Kookbook in the We’ll have to create a new, Click the magnifying glass at the installed applications. You can empty recipe file. Let’s select Well, maybe my friend, Google, top left to invoke a search, then navigate from page to page using Documents on the left, then click is really Le Chiffre’s friend, Google type in Kookbook. You’ll get the the white dots on the right side to the New Folder ‘Plus’ icon at the (gratuitous James Bond reference), Kookbook information page: go up and down by page, or simply top right, then type in Recipes as because I could find next to our new folder name. For the nothing on Kookbook. No recipe name up top, let’s use the documentation, no existing recipe name Sugar Cookies (see image collections, and it looks like it’s below). technically a beta, and has seen no development progress for about This is supposed to invoke an two years now. I also tried

full circle magazine #164 30 contents ^ EVERYDAY UBUNTU uninstalling and reinstalling The documentation that comes # Sugar Cookies Kookbook, but that resulted in no up in the initial application window ### Ingred change. shows us this information on the ¾ cup sugar or sucralose file format it uses (see image 1 1/8 tsp baking powder ¼ tsp salt MARKDOWN FILES below). 1 cup all-purpose flour 1 egg So let’s give it a try. Editing text ¾ stick softened salted butter Well, we can read the 1 ½ tsp vanilla extract documentation within the program files, especially initialization and ###Direc 1. Whisk together the flour, baking powder, and salt. Set and see if that helps, minimal configuration files, used to be a completely essential Linux skill. aside. though it is. It tells us it uses a 2. Cream the softened butter with the sugar. This can most ‘markdown file’. I don’t really want While that may not be so much the easily be done with an electric mixer, but can also be done case any more, it can still prove with a spatula. to learn a computer format just to 3. Add one whole egg and the vanilla, mixing until use a recipe application, but let’s valuable, so let’s give it the ol’ incorporated. see how hard it is. college try, for practice, if nothing 4. Slowly add the dry ingredients to the wet mixture while else. continuing to mix until dough just becomes smooth in texture. 5. Chill dough, covered, in the refrigerator for an hour. 6. Divide the dough into 6 equal parts. Shape each portion into a ball and flatten slightly. 7. Bake on a cookie sheet (pre-sprayed with cooking spray) at 350 degrees F for 8-10 minutes, until lightly browned. 8. Remove to wire rack to cool.

We can find the default text markdown files: editor the same way we launched Kookbook. It is imaginatively named ‘Text Editor’, although you can certainly use other editors if you prefer. Let’s launch it and we’ll enter this text (shown top right) into it.

For simplicity’s sake, we’ll skip the ###Meta section’s potential contents. Now, we’ll save the file to Home/Documents/Recipes as ‘Sugar Cookies.recipe.md’, the prescribed file name format for the full circle magazine #164 31 contents ^ EVERYDAY UBUNTU desired: refinement if the everyday user is to have much hope of getting SUCCESS (?) Save after completing any effective results. desired edits, using the Save If we open the Recipes folder as button up top, then close the Next month: We’ll try a collection, as we tried before, we editing window to return to something else for recipe can now see the Sugar Cookies Kookbook. management. recipe. Click the recipe name in the top left pane to display it: CONCLUSION We can also now edit by clicking Richard 'Flash' Adams spent about the Edit Current Recipe button at I have to say, for something you 20 years in corporate IT. He in would hope would be a simple task, rural northwest Georgia, USA, with the top: his adopted 'son', a cockatiel named and user friendly, I have to rate this Baby who now has a little brother, a Which will bring us to the screen as a fail. It works, after a fashion, dusky-headed conure named Skittles. where we can modify the recipe as but it needs considerable

full circle magazine #164 32 contents ^ UUBBPPOORRTTSS DDEEVVIICCEESS Written by UBports Team

buntu Touch is the privacy and The Pine64 PinePhone and does not yet have a "stable" update The Volla Phone is shipping to U freedom respecting mobile PineTab are updated channel. We are working on a new new users and we wished to give operating system by UBports. independently of the rest of these set of standards which will allow them the best possible experience. Today we are happy to announce devices. The stable channel for the device maintainers to receive a To that end, we've fixed some the release of OTA- PinePhone and PineTab will not "Stable" update channel for their longer-standing bugs in Ubuntu 15, our fifteenth stable update to receive an update labeled "OTA- devices; please stay tuned. Touch when run on devices with an the system! OTA-15 will be 15". Android 9 hardware compatibility available for the following WHAT'S NEW? layer. supported Ubuntu Touch devices NEW DEVICES THIS CYCLE over the next week: If you were around during the We (re)discovered a kernel LG Nexus 5 configuration change that must be With this update we have new time of Ubuntu for Devices, OnePlus One developed by Canonical, you've made to allow smooth audio FairPhone 2 devices officially joining the playback and applied it to the Volla release cadence! This means that probably heard of OTA-1 through LG Nexus 4 OTA-15 before. OTA-N was the Phone. This solves a problem BQ E5 HD Ubuntu Edition these devices will now have a where audio frequently dropped "Stable" update channel available naming we adopted from Canonical BQ E4.5 Ubuntu Edition for our updates, and for some out or made popping sounds. Meizu MX4 Ubuntu Edition in System Settings -> Updates -> Update Settings -> Channels. You reason we decided to start again at Meizu Pro 5 Ubuntu Edition "one". Canonical's OTA-15 fixed a A configuration issue in oFono BQ M10 (F)HD Ubuntu Edition can install Ubuntu Touch on these which prevented the system from devices using the UBports Installer: few High and Critical priority issues, Nexus 7 2013 (Wi-Fi and LTE models) but it was widely regarded as a auto-configuring mobile data APN Sony Xperia X Google Pixel 3a by Alfred settings was fixed. Any users who OnePlus Two by Vince "hotfix" release. It arrived on Sony Xperia X Compact February 7, 2017 and was the final have already used a SIM in their Sony Xperia X Performance F(x)tec Pro1 / Pro1 X by "Danct12", Volla Phone but would like to auto- "NotKit", Marius, F(x)tec, and friends update shipped by Canonical for Sony Xperia XZ Ubuntu for Devices. Our OTA-15 configure their APNs may select Sony Xperia Z4 Tablet Xiaomi Redmi Note 7 by Danct12 the "Reset All APN Settings..." Samsung Galaxy Note 4 (Sprint/T- arrived on December 16, 2020 and Huawei Nexus 6P we don't plan on stopping any time button in Settings -> Cellular -> OnePlus 3 and 3T Mobile/No Carrier) by "Tygerpro" Carrier & APN -> APN. yet! Xiaomi Redmi 4X Google Pixel 3a If you're a device maintainer Pictures taken with the Volla OnePlus Two and your device is not on this list, ANDROID 9 DEVICE Phone's front camera are now F(x)tec Pro1 / Pro1 X this may be because it has not been IMPROVEMENTS rotated correctly. Xiaomi Redmi Note 7 added to the UBports Installer or it full circle magazine #164 33 contents ^ UBPORTS DEVICES

Finally, sending USSD codes — Daniel Kutka has completely which are used to check phone redesigned the tab switching tariff status or provide other interface to allow tabs to be carrier-specific services — has been swiped away rather than closed fixed in this update. with the small "X" touch area. These changes also fixed the tab MORPH BROWSER preview interface, enabling you to see the tab that you are switching The Morph web browser gained to before it's opened. some new tricks and interface refinements in this update Additionally, Chris made some however everyone will likely notice fixes to Morph to fix technical debt, its shiny new icon first. reorder the "Domain Settings" interface by the most recently used domain, and allow JavaScript to access the Ubuntu Touch clipboard.

MMS ERROR REPORTING

From the time that the Nuntium MMS receiver was created, it has been a bit flaky at best. Work is ongoing to fix Nuntium's many problems with the aim of enabling perfect reception of MMS messages, but we realized that we need to enumerate its problems fully. To aid this, Lionel Duboeuf Once the initial awe of that and "jEzEk" have implemented an experience (courtesy of Joan error handling routine between "Cibersheep") has passed, you may Nuntium and the messaging service swipe up from the bottom of the to report faults around MMS screen to switch tabs and notice reception. that the feelings are coming back for round two. We understand that full circle magazine #164 34 contents ^ UBPORTS DEVICES experiencing any such errors is not provide an interface to browse system more cohesive and row back on or simply not ideal, especially for users who do your phone's contacts. beautiful (with a slant towards implement a number of projects not have the technical expertise to Unfortunately, whilst dialing calls improving the dark theme). that Canonical had lined up for troubleshoot them. However, we was fixed, the subsequent call their move to 16.04 before believe that notifying an error audio is still broken. Some devices Joan also created the mascot dropping the project. This made it condition is better than letting it will still have trouble connecting for this release, the Tangram Goat. easier for us to upgrade that time, silently fail as we've done before. two-way audio, and some have but will make it more difficult next With the error reported, it is even reported adverse effects Thank you, translators! time. Some preparations have been possible at least to know that when trying it. For example, the made for the move to a newer base someone tried to send you a Nexus 5 may play loud static over We don't often get to thank our (see the 5.12 section below), message, so you can let them know the Bluetooth headset instead of hearty team of translators, which is but there are some kicked cans yet you didn't receive it. the caller's audio. Please try a test bad of us. Ubuntu Touch is to be retrieved... call (while you are in a safe place!) available for use in 50 languages Watch the MMS space in our and report the result back to us and dialects thanks to your efforts. Now we are preparing for the coming releases, as "jEzEk" and before trying to take a call while You make it possible for people transition from 16.04 to a 20.04 Lionel are still working on the lost driving. who don't have a knowledge of any base, knowing of course that 16.04 MMS story with new updates from of the languages used by our core only has 4 months of non-ESM that sub-project weekly. Hopefully Ratchanan also added a Thai developers to nevertheless make support left. It is unlikely we will be we will see stable MMS reception input method to our on-screen full use of Ubuntu Touch along with able to complete the transition in in Ubuntu Touch soon! keyboard. It does not have the rest of us. that time, which will mean autocorrection, but this is an releasing stable Ubuntu Touch MORE IMPROVEMENTS excellent addition for our Thai If you'd like to join our excellent 16.04 updates after its official end- users. Thank you, Ratchanan! translation team, please check out of-life date. We appreciate that this That's not all, of course. We also the relevant documentation at is not ideal, but we prefer to be up have diverse changes throughout If you are using a device with an docs.ubports.com. front about it. the system which we know you'll arm64 build of Ubuntu Touch, you love. may have noticed that missed calls WHAT'S NEXT? During the transition from 16.04 were reported by the caller's to 20.04, you may see the pace of Ratchanan finally got fed up number rather than by their improvements to Ubuntu Touch contact name. This issue has also THE FOCAL FOSSA slow. The UBports Foundation paid with the "Redial last called number" button not working on his now been fixed. Ubuntu Touch project team will When we upgraded Ubuntu continue to review and merge work Bluetooth headset and fixed it. Touch from Ubuntu 15.04 to Now it is possible to dial calls from Joan "Cibersheep," Mateo Salta, from our community, but our direct Michele "mymike00", and Kugi Ubuntu 16.04, we unavoidably effort on the project will be more Bluetooth devices, including some kicked a number of cans down the car infotainment systems which Eusebio have continued their work and more directed towards that to make the default Ubuntu Touch road. That included decisions to transition over coming months. full circle magazine #164 35 contents ^ UBPORTS DEVICES

Again, stable Ubuntu Touch becomes much simpler. update since 2017!It is simply updates will continue, but they unsafe to continue using the may lack headlining new features We had intended the full Qt engine on the untrusted web, and and they will be based on a by then 5.12 update for OTA-15, but more it has only been kept around for unsupported upstream Ubuntu urgent priorities got in the way of a those offline rendering release. Just as when we were timely and properly tested release, applications which relied on it, such using 15.04, we'll be on our own for so we held off until OTA-16. as Dekko 2 and the Notes app. a while. Most of these offline applications GOODBYE, OXIDE! have migrated away from Oxide, so As always, if you have questions it is time to say goodbye. about Ubuntu Touch or our plans, App developers please note: you can find us on there are changes coming to Based on our 6-8 week release forums.ubports.com, @ubports on Ubuntu Touch in OTA-16 that you cycle, OTA-16 should arrive Telegram, and #ubports:matrix.org must prepare for! OTA-16 will be between the last week of January through Element or your preferred the first release of Ubuntu Touch and the middle of February 2021. Matrix client. without the old, outmoded Oxide web rendering engine. If you have QT 5.12 (FOR REAL THIS an app which uses Oxide, it will no longer work as from OTA-16! TIME) Users of old apps beware: the If our work on this over the past removal of Oxide may affect you few months finally comes to too. Many apps from the Canonical fruition, OTA-16 will mark the app store used Oxide directly. update where we upgrade fully These include closed-source apps from Qt 5.9 to 5.12. This will like Cut the Rope. If you're a user of improve app startup times and one of these very old proprietary memory use; make it easier to apps, now is the time to request provide smaller and faster that the app developer update it. If packages for apps and system they don't, you will need to find an software, and finally bring us in line alternative. with our next targeted Ubuntu release ~ Ubuntu 20.04. With The removal of Oxide is the end matched components upgrading of an era, but much-needed; the from our current 16.04 base engine hasn't seen an official

full circle magazine #164 36 contents ^ full circle magazine #164 37 contents ^ MMYY OOPPIINNIIOONN Written by Erik PPrrootteecctt YYoouurrsseellff

ecently, we had a customer blaming IT for the “hacking” (!!!). – yes it was by accident. * Shakes Now that everyone has the R who was targeted by a “Why can’t IT make the hacking head * company’s emails, the criminals are phishing campaign. Even after stop?” It is too late; IT can now only taking messages verbatim, adding a telling them NOT to click on links block the domain squatting, etc, on Just a little bit more prodding line stating: the password to the or open attachments, the staff still a retroactive basis. Once blocked, and I came to the answer. Their attachment is:43yu3i3 or whatever, did, then calling IT a few days later the adversaries just create another sales targets were raised and they and adding another malicious after their PC’s had been fully domain name and spoof the client’s were desperate to make their attachment to see what they can ransacked to report it. By then, it is mail again. They already have all targets so they could afford their gain. too late. Sometimes one has to your emails, all your contacts and lifestyles. Desperate to keep up wonder how these people infiltrate are using your emails to get your with the Joneses, they click If you are unsure if you would your organization. Part of this contacts to click on malicious links. everything for a sale. Sales first, have clicked on any of these, take particular case was due to the everything else last. the Google phishing quiz: https:// owner and his son buying new SAFETY STARTS WITH YOU. phishingquiz.withgoogle.com/ luxury vehicles and everything else Now I examined the email. The (Gizmodo had an article on it last in the company got slashed, Let’s look at the fishing subject line contains “from trusted year). including the IT budget. His campaign. The sales people were sender”. They have never received response to IT was, he did the culprits who clicked on links emails that had that in the subject everything by pen and paper 30 and opened attachments, even line. That should immediately raise The guys are getting smarter, years ago, he can go back to that at after they were told not to. My first a red flag. The body of these the link points to a file transfer any moment. In IT, you need question was, why did you click on messages all have urgency server where he/she/it leaves the policies and procedures from the the link. Salesperson1 – but it was stipulated: Your account will be payload: https://t.mycloud.ch/c/ top down. Slashed budget meant from my customer! Salesperson2 – deactivated in 24 hrs. Fill this form 9xQivLs5rCr3C2XXXX (last they could not afford new laptops it was an accident! I just did a in to avoid being arrested. Respond characters removed so you don’t if they broke down. They bought preliminary investigation. Me to immediately! Account on hold, click it accidentally). old laptops from Cash Crusaders salesperson1 – but I thought you payment overdue! Account that already contained Windows said it was a customer of yours, this confirmation, URGENT! Unusual Quick ‘n dirty rules to email and Office (legality be damned), is not even in the country? activities detected on your account. safety: and wanting to save money on IT, Salesperson1 – but I thought it was! Sign-in attempt blocked, respond they put those laptops to work Me to salesperson2 – How do you immediately. I have hacked your 1. If you can, block whole countries without sanitizing them. ‘accidentally’ click on a zipped file, email and ...blah (spoofed your in your blacklists, eg: “*@*.cn or unzip it, click the link and bypass email address). *@*.“ At the moment we have them the Firefox warning? Salesperson2 full circle magazine #164 38 contents ^ MY OPINION 2. Never click a link. Copy and paste What you need to remember is, it into a notepad and look at it. that these values can be halved and halved again if computer clusters 3. If you don’t know the person or are used. It is from 2016, so I would never dealt with them, file that assume 21 characters should be email into a folder where you can the minimum password length, not examine it at your leisure. 18.

4: Ignore any urgency indicators. If So my old password it is urgent, they will call you. “(NEVER.share.your-p@ssw0rdz!!)” would now need something like a 5. If your email client allows it, turn date added to it. Memorable on headers. passwords do not have to be difficult. 6. If you use windows, turn ON file extensions. Pay attention to the time email arrives, your friends / Now please go take that Google work colleagues do not send email quiz mentioned above and if you at midnight. do not get 8/8, you need to be more careful. 7. Do not open compressed / zipped attachments, unless you Disagree with us? Let us know KNOW what it is. on [email protected]

8. Have a work email and a personal email and a junk email. Keep these separate.

9. Do not reply to junk email (that goes for phishing emails too). Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He 10. Make sure your password is has seen technology come and go. long enough. From repairing washing machine sized hard drives with multimeters and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to Here is a chart for password scaling 3G towers, he's done it. cracking on a modern machine. full circle magazine #164 39 contents ^ HHOOWW--TTOO Written by Ronnie Tucker WWrriittee FFoorr FFuullll CCiirrccllee MMaaggaazziinnee

GUIDELINES REVIEWS • Images should be JPG, no wider he single rule for an article is than 800 pixels, and use low T that it must somehow be compression. GAMES/APPLICATIONS linked to Ubuntu or one of the When reviewing games/applications please state clearly: many derivatives of Ubuntu • Do not use tables or any type of (Kubuntu, , Lubuntu, etc). bold or italic formatting. • title of the game • who makes the game • is it free, or a paid download? RULES If you are writing a review, • where to get it from (give download/homepage URL) please follow these guidelines : • is it Linux native, or did you use ? • There is no word limit for articles, • your marks out of five but be advised that long articles • a summary with positive and negative points may be split across several issues. When you are ready to submit your article please email it to: • For advice, please refer to the HARDWARE [email protected] Official Full Circle Style Guide: When reviewing hardware please state clearly: http://bit.ly/fcmwriting TRANSLATIONS • make and model of the hardware • Write your article in whichever • what category would you put this hardware into? software you choose, I would If you would like to translate • any glitches that you may have had while using the hardware? recommend LibreOffice, but most Full Circle into your native • easy to get the hardware working in Linux? importantly - PLEASE SPELL AND language please send an email to • did you have to use Windows drivers? GRAMMAR CHECK IT! [email protected] and • marks out of five we will either put you in touch with • a summary with positive and negative points • In your article, please indicate an existing team, or give you access where you would like a particular to the raw text to translate from. image to be placed by indicating With a completed PDF, you will be You don't need to be an expert to write an the image name in a new able to upload your file to the main paragraph or by embedding the Full Circle site. article - write about the games, applications image in the ODT (Open Office) and hardware that you use every day. document.

full circle magazine #164 40 contents ^ RREEVVIIEEWW Written by Adam Hunt KKuubbuunnttuu 2200..1100

ubuntu users are well-known This Kubuntu release was value to both users and software K for their dedication to the accompanied by the usual “release reviewers. I made up a Kubuntu USB distribution and for some very announcement”, but there were no installer using the Ubuntu Startup good reasons, too. “release notes”, the document that SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Disk Creator and tested it in a usually details the changes in each series of live sessions. As with all This fresh release of Kubuntu new version. The Kubuntu The Kubuntu recommendations the other Ubuntu flavors, came out on 22 October, 2020. This developers indicated that the for system requirements have not to the USB stick results in an is the distribution's 32nd release release notes were "not available changed with this release. They automatic file system check, which and the 11th one with the KDE due to wiki login problems". I remain the same as for Ubuntu: a is good, to ensure that the USB project's Qt-based Plasma 5 presume this was due to the dual core 2 Ghz processor, 4 GiB of stick is error-free. desktop so it was reasonable to migration of release RAM and VGA video of at least expect it to be very refined and, documentation from 1024 x 768 pixels, plus a CD/DVD Kubuntu runs easily and fast indeed it is. wiki.ubuntu.com to drive or a USB port for the from the USB stick, a far cry from discourse.ubuntu.com. Hopefully installation media. running it from a DVD, which can Being a “standard” release, this problem will be solved by the be very slow. The USB gives very Kubuntu 20.10 is supported for next Kubuntu release in April, as similar performance to an actual nine months, until July 2021. There the release notes are of great BOOTING IT UP installed version. will be two more standard releases, out in April and October 2021, NEW before the LTS. Unlike Xubuntu 20.10, which As I have noted in other recent introduced no changes at all, reviews, the first standard release Kubuntu 20.10 brings a number of after a long term support (LTS) careful, incremental release in the Ubuntu universe improvements. often tells us a lot about the developers’ plans for this This version of Kubuntu is being development cycle that is all promoted as "Cloud Ready", leading to the next LTS release, including "access to cloud and which in this case will be Kubuntu container technologies". The 22.04 LTS, due out in April 2022. release also includes a new and

full circle magazine #164 41 contents ^ REVIEW striking default hexagon-themed longer the default, are obvious as applications, including the Qt the time being. wallpaper, by Sandra Smukaste, soon as the applications are version of LibreOffice. The one named “Flow”. If that is not to your opened. exception remains the Firefox web Some of the applications taste there are many alternate browser, which is GTK-based. GTK included in Kubuntu 20.10 are: wallpapers provided, all of them Kubuntu's main menu system, applications run fine on Kubuntu quite beautiful, or you can use your which I noted in 20.04 LTS was but they may not integrate as well 20.08.1 archive manager own, of course. cumbersome and clunky, seems to in terms of themes or menus. Discover 2.1.2 software store* run much more smoothly in 20.10. 20.08.2 file manager This release incorporates the There is also the option of a The KDE project has a Qt-based Elisa 20.08.2 music player Plasma 5.19.5 desktop, an upgrade "simple menu" as well as the browser, , in its collection of Firefox 82.0 web browser from Kubuntu 20.04 LTS’s Plasma Application Dashboard widget applications, but it seems to be not 20.08.2 image viewer 5.18. This release also includes the which provides a full screen quite ready for operational use yet. 20.08.2 text editor Applications 20.08 collection, a application menu, much like My tests of the current version Kcalc 20.08.1 calculator change from 20.04 LTS’s 19.12. Ubuntu's, with the touch of one showed that it can be a RAM hog KDE Partition Manager 4.1.0 While not the very latest versions, desktop button. and lacks spellchecking. Falkon partition editor* these both include a lot of development seems to have stalled 20.08.2 terminal emulator incremental improvements that APPLICATIONS too, with the last release still at Kmahjongg 20.08.1 game together make the KDE desktop version 3.1.0, a year and a half old, Kmines 20.08.1 game even better. Most of the changes The Kubuntu KDE desktop has released on 19 March, 2019. As a 1.7.5 IRC client* are hidden away in the menus, but its own collection of Qt-based result, Firefox remains the browser Kpatience 20.08.2 game some, like global menus being no of choice for Kubuntu, at least for Ksudoku 20.08.1 game

full circle magazine #164 42 contents ^ REVIEW KsysGuard 5.19.5 system monitor years now. If needed, the KDE distribution and perhaps of any Cold Ktorrent 5.2.0 bit torrent client* standard CD/DVD burner, , or anywhere. There • Eight icon sets: Adwaita, Breeze, LibreOffice 7.0.2 office suite, less an alternative such as the GTK- are so many setting parameters Breeze Dark, Humanity, Humanity- only LibreOffice Base database based or Xfburn, can available, that Kubuntu can be Dark, LoginIcons, Ubuntu-Mono- Muon 5.8.0 package manager* always be installed from the customized to fully meet user Dark and Ubuntu-Mono-Light 20.08.2 PDF viewer repositories. preferences. • Three emoticon sets: Breeze PulseAudio 13.99.2 audio EmojiOne and Konqi controller By default, Kubuntu 20.10 does For example, there are: • Two cursor styles: Breeze and Skanlite 2.2.0 scanning utility not come with a webcam • Three global themes: Breeze, Breeze Light Spectacle 20.08.2 screenshot tool application, an image editor or Breeze Dark, Kubuntu Startup Disk Creator 0.3.8 (usb- video editor. However, if needed, • Six Plasma styles: Air, Breeze, And these are just the options creator-) USB ISO writer there are several applications of Breeze Dark, Breeze Light, Kubuntu that come installed in Kubuntu by Thunderbird 78.3.2 email client each category available in the and Oxygen default. Most of the setting VLC 3.0.11.1 media player repositories. • Four application styles: Breeze, also offer one-button download Fusion, MS Windows 9x and and installation of many, many * Indicates the same software SETTINGS Oxygen more alternative themes, icon sets, version as used in Kubuntu 20.04 • Two window decoration themes: cursors, etc. LTS Kubuntu probably has the Breeze and Plastik widest range of user-controllable • Six colour schemes: Breeze, Kubuntu 20.10 also offers a KDE Applications 20.08 brings settings of any Ubuntu-based Breeze Dark, Breeze High Contrast, choice of 66 pre-installed desktop some changes to the core KDE Breeze Light, Oxygen and Oxygen widgets. These are small applications. For example, the applications that can be added to Dolphin file manager includes new the desktop to improve preview capabilities, now able to functionality. For instance the create thumbnails for more types Application Dashboard widget of files than before. Also, when provides a large, full screen Dolphin is re-opened, it displays application menu launched from a the same folder it was showing desktop button. There are also when it was last closed. widgets for an analog desktop clock, weather reports, and a CPU As has been the case for the last monitor. In addition to the 66 few releases, Kubuntu 20.10 does widgets provided by default, not include a default CD/DVD hundreds more that can be burning application, a logical move downloaded. since optical drives have not come with new for many The Kubuntu user philosophy is full circle magazine #164 43 contents ^ REVIEW the diametric opposite of Ubuntu. Considering that this is the 32nd be easily made to feel very Ubuntu feels like an enterprise release of Kubuntu and the 11th personally theirs. That has to desktop designed for office use, one with the Plasma 5 desktop, it engender the kind of loyalty that with very limited user really is a mature Linux distribution Kubuntu users are known for. customization options available, with very little need for big whereas Kubuntu feels like a changes. If the directions charted Most Kubuntu users will distribution for developers, with by the developers in 20.10 are any probably stay with the 20.04 LTS almost unlimited customization. A indication, then we can expect just release until the next one, 22.04 Kubuntu installation can quickly be slow, incremental and carefully- LTS, but Kubuntu 20.10 actually has configured to look like anything considered changes to be enough improvements to entice and I am sure that no two are alike. introduced during this some Kubuntu users to upgrade, development cycle, with each even given its short, nine month I think the biggest danger with release just a little bit better than support period. all these options is that users could the last. spend a lot of time tweaking the themes, functionality and Kubuntu’s main appeal seems to appearance. I am not sure how a be it's almost infinite customization dedicated Kubuntu user would options, allowing the user to start duplicate their previous desktop on from the default desktop and make a new installation, unless they had it look and work any way they want. a very good checklist. Add in the integrated, Qt-based applications suite (except perhaps CONCLUSIONS for Firefox) and the result is a smooth user experience that can

Adam Hunt started using Ubuntu in 2007 and has used Lubuntu since 2010. He lives in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, in a house with no Windows.

full circle magazine #164 44 contents ^ RREEVVIIEEWW Written by Adam Hunt LLuubbuunnttuu 2200..1100

ubuntu 20.10 was released on 20.10 on my 2011 vintage System series of live sessions, a process “tree format” list of updates to be L 22 October, 2020 and marks the 76 Pangolin Performance laptop. that now starts off with an installed and there is a new beginning of the development That computer has 4 GiB of RAM automatic file system check to Plymouth boot splash screen. Both cycle that will lead to the next long with dual core/four thread 2.30GHz make sure the USB stick is written are nice additions, but really very term support (LTS) release, Intel Core i5-2410M CPUs and correctly. In this case, my first write minor tweaks. Lubuntu 22.04 LTS, scheduled for Lubuntu 20.10 ran very well on it. attempt with Startup Disk Creator release in April 2022. resulted in one error being found, What is not new is the BOOTING IT UP so I rewrote the USB stick and re- wallpaper. This version of Lubuntu Being a “standard” release, tested it, getting “no errors found” includes exactly the same Lubuntu 20.10 is supported for I downloaded Lubuntu 20.10 on the second try, so it is wallpaper selection as 20.04 LTS nine months, until July 2021. from the Lubuntu website via bit worthwhile letting the test run. did, with a different one, Lubuntu torrent, ran a SHA256 sum check to Solid Hummingbird, chosen to be Lubuntu 20.10 is the fifth make sure the download was good NEW the new default. The wallpapers release with the LXQt desktop and and made up a USB installer using supplied are all winners chosen the 22nd overall Lubuntu release. the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator. Surprisingly, there is very little from the 20.04 LTS wallpaper new in this release. The Lubuntu design contest and all are Even if most users will not I booted to Lubuntu 20.10 in a Update Notifier now includes a attractive artwork. install Lubuntu 20.10 and instead stick with 20.04 LTS for its longer If the developers’ directions for support period, this release is a bit this release can be taken as of a bellwether to see what indicative of what we can expect priorities and directions the over the rest of the development Lubuntu developers set for this cycle, then just small tweaks are cycle, so it is worth a look. predicted. I actually think that is a good thing. Lubuntu 20.04 LTS is SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS the best operating system I have ever used. I believe that there are The Lubuntu developers no very few things needed to improve longer make recommendations for it and so small changes are the best the minimum hardware to run approach, rather than large-scale Lubuntu, but I tested Lubuntu initiatives.

full circle magazine #164 45 contents ^ REVIEW APPLICATIONS Lubuntu Update Notifier 0.3 VLC 3.0.11 media player that users may not need and software update notifier Wget 1.20.3 command line instead allow them to install Some of the applications LXimage-Qt 0.15.0 image viewer webpage downloader* applications as desired. Of course, included with Lubuntu 20.10 are: and screenshot tool* XScreenSaver 5.42 screensaver and that doesn’t really explain why Muon 5.8.0 package manager* screen locker* Lubuntu 20.10 by default still 2048-qt 0.1.6 simple lightweight 0.32.0 video player* comes with the KDE CD/DVD game* Noblenote 1.2.0 note taker* * Indicates the same version as burning application, K3b. Optical Ark 20.08.1 archive manager PCManFM-Qt 0.15.0 file manager* used in Lubuntu 20.04 LTS drives have not been included in Bluedevil 5.19.5 bluetooth Qlipper 5.1.2 clipboard manager* new computers for many years now connector qPDFview 0.4.18 PDF viewer* As in all the LXQt versions of and CD or DVD media for burning Discover Software Center 5.19.5 PulseAudio 13.99.2 audio Lubuntu so far, 20.10 lacks are getting pretty hard to source. package management system controller applications for webcam, photo In 2020, CDs and DVDs are on their FeatherPad 0.12.1 text editor* Qtransmission 3.00 editing and video editing, although way to the same place where the Firefox 82.0 web browser client, Qt interface version* these can be installed from the floppy disks are kept, so it may be K3b 20.08.4 CD/DVD burner Quassel 0.13.1 IRC client* repositories if needed. time to leave a CD/DVD burning Kcalc 20.08.1 calculator ScreenGrab 2.0.1 screenshot tool application out of the default KDE partition manager 4.1.0 Skanlite 2.2.0 scanning utility There are some good Lubuntu installation, as the partition manager* Startup Disk Creator 0.3.8 (usb- arguments for keeping the default mainstream Ubuntu has already LibreOffice 7.0.2 office suite, -kde) USB boot disk maker installation fairly minimal, so as not done for several releases now. interface version Trojitá 0.7 email client* to use up space with applications

full circle magazine #164 46 contents ^ REVIEW As far as applications go, the Lubuntu 20.10 introduces very inclusion of FeatherPad 0.12.1 is an little that is new over 20.04 LTS. I oddity. This version of my favorite actually think this is a good sign, as text editor was already four 20.04 LTS is a superb operating versions out of date when Lubuntu system and doesn’t really need 20.10 was released. The current much improvement. If this FeatherPad version is 0.15.0, which development cycle leads to the was released on 22 August 2020. It next Lubuntu LTS version having could easily have been included if just a few minor improvements the Ubuntu repositories had been over 20.04, then, personally, I will updated with it. Hopefully that will be very happy with the results. An happen before April’s release of updated version of FeatherPad Lubuntu 21.04, as the application is would be nice by then, however. under active development and newer versions incorporate some desirable improvements. schemes, far more than Ubuntu your liking there are lots of options SETTINGS has. provided, including seven LXQt themes and 21 window themes, so Nothing has changed in the This release still uses “Lubuntu- you can make Lubuntu look almost settings menus for Lubuntu 20.10. Arc” as the default window and any way you want. They are still well laid-out and easy LXQt theme. It is a very dark to use, with lots of choices for theme, which is, of course, very CONCLUSIONS icons, window themes and color popular these days. If it is not to

Adam Hunt started using Ubuntu in 2007 and has used Lubuntu since 2010. He lives in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, in a house with no Windows.

full circle magazine #164 47 contents ^ RREEVVIIEEWW Written by Erik GGoogggglleess MMuussiicc MMaannaaggeerr

Website: https://gogglesmm.dev/ Though I like Sayonara Player, it support. https://mintguide.org/ middleman; it interfaces with ALSA does not play all the formats. While audio/728-goggles-music-manager- directly. What I mean by this, is that Price: Free! VLC on the other hand, does, it music-player-for-linux-.html there is no interference. does not theme properly or This does not mean that you Blurb: “Goggles Music Manager is a compress enough for my 1366 I had to give it another go! cannot use PulseAudio, etc, you music collection manager and player screen, or theme the way I want. just need to look in the settings. I that automatically organizes your Clemintine also had its own issues, A quick word on LastFM / have an external DAC that I use as music files based on artist, album, so I kept looking. After the loss of LibreFM support – you need to be well, so I want CD Quality output and song. It supports gapless exaile, I have not found a player logged into your account, under and GogglesMM gives me that. Part playback and features easy tag that suited me 100%. To be fair, I settings -> Applications, to add the of the reason I glanced over editing.” tried GogglesMM before and the player. You just need to tick GogglesMM in the past, was interface put me off (looked like scrobbling and then play an album. because the Wiki is bare. The NOTE: see elsewhere this issue for every other three pane player), but Accept GogglesMM as a trusted website is kind of ancient-feeling an interview with the developer I admit to not giving it a chance. player and ‘Bob is your uncle’. too. So if you are a budding web designer, why not offer them a INSTALLATION VIA PPA So imagine my surprise, seeing a hand? If I can, I will try to contribute Mint guide saying it had LastFM GogglesMM does not require a with decent icons, as it looks a bit https://launchpad.net/ ~s.jansen/+archive/ubuntu/ gogglesmm sudo add-apt-repository ppa:s.jansen/gogglesmm sudo apt install gogglesmm

o why should you choose S GogglesMM over another player? Or why GogglesMM has become my favourite player in the shortest possible time.

My audio files range from MP3- FLAC-M4A-OPUS- and more. full circle magazine #164 48 contents ^ REVIEW dated.

Let me start with what I did not like – no program is perfect. When I minimize the application, it does not sit in my (I use XFCE). I would have liked taskbar integration, for those times that I need all my screen real estate. Also, other than just sitting in my dock, it does nothing; what I mean built in, but GogglesMM also offers GogglesMM volume control are is, a play or pause would have been and “find cover” actually launches you the option of customizing one and it has a mini mode. The great, not just a launcher. When your favourite browser & search those. Double-clicking on any of performance hit on my potato opening your “radio stations” tab, engine for the job. Everything else the color blocks will bring up a laptop is tiny. I am sure this will it may have been nice to include works as advertised, without color wheel and you can go nuts. play fine on a raspberry pi 1! The one or two. Also right-clicking making you feel overwhelmed by Scrobbling worked without keys are actually very inside the main window of the information overload. I am a simple needing to put my user or handy and intuitive. Ctrl+P is play, radio station main window, does guy who, when I need a music password into the application. It for instance. (Don’t worry, we will not give you the option to add a player, I need a music player, not a has a sleep timer. I do not often use fill you in on those afterwards). station right there. Neither does washer, dryer, chicken deboner , but that option is also the “” tab. Mouse-wheel with RGB lighting. The nice thing offered for those of you who do. Now obviously, if you need scrolling on the volume button about it playing directly to ALSA, is You also do not need to use the milkdrop visualizations, need to would have been nice. Do not click that I can stream it to my output “radio” or “podcast” option with a keep an eye on the VU meter at all the “maximize” button while in mini devices, say in the kitchen whilst simple “play file or url” option. I times, play tunes by mood, or need mode. *cringe. doing dishes. When I use it on my tested this by pasting the following laptop, it is sometimes nice to be to know the bit rate at all times, in, and it worked without hiccups. this is not for you... But for This is not to say these things able to see the time played, as well (http://n0d.radiojar.com/ everything else, there is cannot be accomplished, but it as the time remaining, as I use it as myw9vhzbnan.mp3?rj-ttl=5&rj- mastercard, right? could be easier. a crude timer, which I prefer to the tok=AAABdJ_Spb0AFmapXpJX4UY either/or approach of other mSg) Did we miss anything? E-mail us What I liked. Ctrl + M. So many players. at: [email protected] players today do not have a mini The tagging option also worked mode, it’s a crime! Though with So far, GogglesMM ticks most of directly by right-clicking a song. goggles, being able to resize it to my boxes, it plays everything, it Adding your own custom covers is almost nothing, I almost do not scrobbles, it connects directly to also just a simple right-click away, need it. There are a few themes ALSA, so my OS volume control and full circle magazine #164 49 contents ^ IINNTTEERRVVIIEEWW Written by Erik GGoogggglleess MMuussiicc MMaannaaggeerr DDeevv

Website: https://gogglesmm.dev/ plenty of music players available, about sample/rate conversions. As phones have taken over as there wasn't one with a library primary portable playback devices, If you don’t know what GogglesMM manager that was both lightweight Open Source is simply a no it's much less work to set up a is, see our review this issue. and easy to use that suited my brainer. My goal was never to make Spotify than to transfer your music needs. You had either `easy and any money off this, but simply to collection to your phone. asked Sander for an interview take all my system ram`, or write a player I'm happy to use I and he very kindly accepted to `lightweight and no functionality`. I myself. By making it open source, : Can you describe your answer my questions. was trying to get to a happy the hope was that others would Q personal music playing setup? medium. Especially in the early find it useful as well. : How did you get involved with days I did a lot of optimization to It highly depends on where I Q programming, and why a music make sure everything ran super : What would you say to users A am. When I'm at work, player? smooth without taxing the system Q coming from other music gogglesmm is usually running in too much. Another goal was to managers? And would GogglesMM the background. At home, I have a I'm a software engineer make sure the player wouldn't be the right one to start with and mini-pc attached to my home- A currently working for Baron `touch` my files without my explicit why? entertainment system which also Weather (https:// permission. I definitely runs gogglesmm. In other www.baronweather.com). I grew up encountered Photo and Music I certainly hope that people situations when I'm out and about, in Europe and currently reside in managers in the past that would A will give it a try. I'm sure it I usually use my phone for playback the United States. In previous jobs, start automatically moving/ won't be the be-all and end-all of (GoneMAD Music Player, although I used to do a lot of C/C++ work (UI, renaming files. music players, but it has a good not written by me, I highly Visualization), hence why feature set and performance. recommend). Another tool I have gogglesmm is written in C++. The : Who would you imagine is written is Audioconvert. It allows UI library (www.fox-toolkit.org) Q GogglesMM user base : What do you think of the me to easily `sync` my music in gogglesmm uses was the same one (mostly?), and why did you decide Q current trends in music different formats depending on we used at work. But nowadays I on open source? managers? the target platform. So, for my tend to program mostly in Python, work laptop and phone, I have my so there's a lot less overlap with I don't know how accurate Now with dozens of streaming music in the Opus format. At home, work and hobby. A these are, but my impression is A services available, the days of it's in the original FLAC format. either a) users running on older music managers in my mind are Occasionally I have a copy in MP3 At the time, I wasn't running the hardware and b) audiophile users over and I suppose more of a niche, format to playback over my car fastest computer or with the most who simply want `passthrough` similar to people that still like to stereo from USB drive. memory. Even though there were playback without having to worry play records.

full circle magazine #164 50 contents ^ INTERVIEW : The GogglesMM web page is a work well when playing random being a lot of fun, and I learned a Q little sparse; would you accept I'd consider open-source a music. I'm also a bit behind on the lot about multi-threading and the help in getting it more modern? A hobby, so, first, work on ubuntu packages, and need to various file formats. The best part something you need yourself. update these for the latest ubuntu is hearing back from people who I'd call it functional. At the end That's the best motivation to keep releases. Some translation updates happen to stumble upon my player. A of the day, it's just a web page. working on it. as well. I'm not sure how many people : What would be the “killer really look at a web page before : Where to from here? Any : What is the best part of Q feature” if you had time and installing a piece of software. I Q surprises waiting in the wings? Q writing GogglesMM, what did money to implement it? tend to find software through the Any projects we should be aware you learn? package manager myself. That said, of? Not sure... Windows support? as it is an open source project, I'd Being able to listen to your A That should get me a large value any contribution. There are a couple features A own music collection in your user base, right? All kidding aside, A implemented and pending a own player! A few years ago, I the code is written in a portable : What would your advice be release when I find the time and replaced the xine backend (http:// way, and at some point I had Q for our budding open source motivation. Most notably an xine..net/) with my own something partial running under developers? optional cross-fader that would playback engine. That ended up Windows (VMware, very slow). This is more of a lack of motivation issue (I have no need for it myself), but it would certainly be interesting to make it work.

Many thanks to Sander for taking the time to answer our questions.

full circle magazine #164 51 contents ^ If you would like to submit a letter for publication, compliment Join us on: or complaint, please email it to: [email protected]. LLEETTTTEERRSS PLEASE NOTE: some letters may be edited for space. facebook.com/ CORRECTION got no joy. much quicker install than using a fullcirclemagazine full DVD and bypassing the size egarding the article "Command Mike White limitation of a possible CD-only twitter.com/#!/fullcirclemag R & Conquer: Demystifying Nmap (and Berny Marsden) optical drive. Pt.1" by Erik: page 20 in FCM#162 linkedin.com/company/full- has an error in the link/URL https:// Ronnie Says: Yes, sorry about Nero Tux circle-magazine www.geeksforgeeks.org/tcp-3- that. The site hosting seems to have ubuntuforums.org/ way-andshake-process/. The 'h' gone offline. We're now hosting it forumdisplay.?f=270 before 'andshake-process' is on FCM at: https://bit.ly/2WNVfPf missing; so the correct link/URL is: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ tcp-3-way-handshake-process/ FULL CIRCLE NEEDS YOU! PLOP BOOT MANAGER Thanks to Erik for his article; Without reader input looking forward to next month to eading the Q&A chapter in the Full Circle would be an read on. R [then] latest FCM#154, I came empty PDF file (which I don't across the part where a user think many people would find Big thanks to everyone who couldn't boot from USB. There’s a particularly interesting). We are makes FCM possible! tiny utility that I use in that case: always looking for articles, Plop Boot Manager: https:// reviews, anything! Even small postkasten2 www.plop.at/en/bootmanager/ things like letters and desktop download.html screens help fill the magazine.

In the most recent version See the article Writing for Full SAMPLE PHOTO LINK (5.0.15), you'll find (in the Install Circle in this issue to read our folder) plpbtin.iso – which fits on basic guidelines. tried downloading the sample even the smallest CD, and I photo in the RawTherapee article plpbtin.img which is a floppy boot Have a look at the last page of of FCM#155, but get a unsecure image. any issue to get the details of connection error. Tried it with where to send your Brave and Firefox. Tried with Both let you boot from a contributions. shields up and shields down and bootable USB stick, allowing a full circle magazine #164 52 contents ^ If you have a Linux question, email it to: [email protected], QQ&&AA and Erik will answer them in a future issue. Please include as much Compiled by EriktheUnready information as you can about your query.

Welcome back to another edition sure his sister got food; he would connect, to scrobble. I am assuming renamer or Almovies renamer? of Questions and Answers! In this take it all. The point I am getting at we are talking about cvlc. section, we will endeavour to here is not everyone has your best answer your Ubuntu questions. Be interests at heart. When someone : I want to install ubuntu- sure to add details of the version of tells you to type something into : How can I get new packages Q 20.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso, I your operating system and your the terminal, don’t just accept it Q from the library to my PC at have intel gen 10 hardware. I will try to remove any and type. Even if it is family. I get home without the internet? processor. I install AMD LTS personally identifiable strings from so many messages saying, ‘my processor, will it make any problem questions, but it is best not to brother told me to type something : Instead of using apt, install for me? include things like serial numbers, into the terminal now I can’t get my A darktable, for instance, use apt UUID’s or IP addresses. If your computer back up’. Man pages may download darktable and copy it to : I am going to assume you question does not appear not be the best when it comes to your external drive to take home. A mean the name in the .iso file. immediately, it is just because newbies understanding them, but You can also copy the files out of It is only named amd64 because there is such a lot, and I do them at least they will tell you what a another computer’s apt cache and AMD was the first to ‘coin the ‘first-come-first-served’. command does. You can also install install them manually on yours. phrase’ 64bit CPU, so their name is yelp, bro pages, cheat, TL;DR attached to it. The ISO works on pages, etc. (If you opened a both Intel and AMD processors. knew someone, while at school, terminal and typed ‘man : I used to use movie-renamer I her brother was one of those big alternatives’, good for you, but not Q to bulk rename my movies. The boys, and obviously needed more what I meant.) website is gone and the GIT page : MikeyMike, [19.08.20 01:49] food than he was getting for lunch. was updated 10 years ago for some Q The variety of sandwich fillings reason. I now have to start an old Why don't you answer some back then was not too great, and : How do I scrobble with VLC? XP machine to rename my stuff questions on askubuntu? You seem when it came to spreads, you Q Will it work if I run it minimally with an old version of filebot. I’d to know your stuff? would get, like one of four or five from the terminal? How will you rather do it on Ubuntu. Thanks. things. This boy would approach his see? Your pal Waqar Ali. : The ‘reputation club’. I cut sister and tell her that her bread A toxic people out of my life was filled with boil juice / pimple : The scrobbling options for : I can not vouch for any of immediately. When you answer a juice, whenever a certain spread A VLC only show up in advanced A these, but it seems they have question before one of the was used, and he would then gain view in the settings, but it works. I Linux installs. BTW, Filebot has a ‘reputation hoarders’ can, they go her sandwiches. He did not ask to checked it with open snitch and Linux install? (Or is it that you have and mark your answer as not being share her sandwiches and make nethogs, and it seems to want to to pay monies for it?). There is TV the answer, even if you can prove it

full circle magazine #164 53 contents ^ Q&A is. There are also those who chip in is installed. How will this affect 18.04. Error is: Qt fatal: This goes, the printer is on another with things not asked, “but if you Ubuntu? Will grub2 give me the application failed to start because “network” than your pc / laptop. do it that way...”. Virtual ‘rewards’ choice to select between OSes no Qt platform plugin could be mean nothing to me, so I don’t care upon boot? initialized. I do not understand and I don’t need that negativity in make / cmake. Need anki for : My PC is a special my life. : You can, of course, just make learning. Can you help me? Q and I fresh installed Ubuntu A sure that each OS is on its own 20.04 on it. I would like it to go to partition. If you are afraid to mess : Grab Anki from your software sleep at night and I can resume in : Pet3r, [04.09.20 18:38] up, do a backup of your drive first. A centre or launchpad or snap or the morning. BUT – when I do, it Q You learn by doing. Grub will list all flatpak or appimage. As you did not goes off and comes back on. It did How do I add the Ubuntu the OSs installed. We have readers give me info on how you built it, I not do this in Windows? The only repositories to MX linux? What who have lots of OSs side-by-side. cannot help you troubleshoot. thing that works is if I choose turn lines do I need to change to make it off display in the power manager. work? So what do I do? : Here is the scenario. I have a : My friend; it is a problem with : Simple, you can not. The two Q server set up that my friends Q Ubuntu and Printer. Help me. I : First things first, you need a A are incompatible even if they and I use on a regular basis. How connect with VPN to office and A swap partition to do so. Make both share a common ancestor. can I see exactly what has been printer Samsung SL-M4080fx. If no sure you have a partition that is happening on the server? I am the VPN then scan is working. When larger than the amount of memory owner and the superuser, but I am VPN, scan is not working. Network you have as it all needs to be : My question is not so much too new to Linux to know how. I am is 192.168.1.10 and printer is dumped there. If that is in place Q about ubuntu, but my laptop. not young, just new. Also I don’t 192.168.1.20. Ping working. Printer and it still does not work, let me Does the charging of my know if just my friends are logging error cannot access. know and we can troubleshoot from laptop or pc with on or if other people are logging further. usb data cable have any side on. : I suspect the issue will be effects on phones? A routing of some sort. What : May I suggest Auditd? See happens is when you connect to a : It may sound weird, but is : It may take longer to charge. A here: https:// VPN, you get a new IP address, Q smartmontools still a thing A It has to do with the voltage security.blogoverflow.com/2013/01/ usually on another subnet. Your with SSD’s? I am just asking as I and amps your phone gets. https:// a-brief-introduction-to-auditd/ printer does not know what your don’t want to install something I www.maketecheasier.com/usb- new address is, unless you tell it. If can’t use in the end. power-delivery-explained/ you can use your router to do the : Hllw. I grab anki from VPN for you, your printer will move : Actually that is a good Q website:- https:// to the new subnet with you, unless A question. I don’t actually know. : I want to install Fedora on the apps.ankiweb.net/ then I install on you are using static IP addressing. I tried looking at the Q same hard disk where Ubuntu Ubuntu 20.04. No problem on But, if only your Ubuntu pc / laptop smartmontools wiki, but I do not full circle magazine #164 54 contents ^ Q&A see anything. If there is a reader 777 to make it work. Only thing is : Sooo weird. I am trying to out there who knows, let us know other people can now delete my Q make a bootable USB with on: [email protected] files, but if I don’t use 777, my stuff Rufus of Ubuntu. It is not working :My Ubuntu is very old, don’t does not work. with Ubuntu 20.04 / 18.04 / 16.04. I Q judge, it is the last version to have tried different USB sticks, so I support my ancient nvidia video : Am I hacked? I was looking at : I am going to stop you right know it’s not that. The error simply card. I don’t have money for a new Q users and groups and right at A there. You NEVER give 777 is: Format error: Access to the one, but as it stands, it does the bottom there is “whoopsie.” permissions to anything web device is denied everything, including playing my Then I looked further and saw here: https://linuxhandbook.com/ : Disable your security suite / by learning PHP. Problem is that I a “” also. How can I unhack? -command/ Understand this A Antivirus until you are done. can’t install the version my course first, before attempting web pages wants, it is stuck on a much older : It is good that you looked. on Apache. If it is web facing, it will version. What am I to do? A However, those are standard be scanned, multiple times an hour. : I am not sure what the issue groups. You can learn a bit more Q can be. I have an old samsung : You will have to find a PPA about groups here: https:// galaxy s7 phone that I connect to A that back ports it for your www.howtogeek.com/howto/ : Any idea how I can get my my ubuntu PC. I click on the folder, version. Otherwise, you can always 36845/the-beginners-guide-to- Q Chroma keyboard working then the phone asks me to allow, try with your version, things inside managing-users-and-groups-in- properly in Ubuntu? but nothing happens in my file PHP did not change that much in linux/ manager. I have tried different the last year or two. : You can try: https:// cables, all my USB2 and USB3 ports, A openrazer.github.io/ and still it just sits there. : I don’t like or want Kali any Q more, how can I change it into : It's to do with the way Linux Ubuntu? : I can’t get Ubuntu A works. You see, it talks to Q 18.04.01/02/04 to boot from a your phone and detects it, but your : Back up your personal files USB stick once I have made a phone is denying it until you click A and install Ubuntu by choosing persistent partition, so I can save accept. Now you need to click your “use entire disk”, so it overwrites some files. file manager into another folder Kali completely. The two are not and then come back, as it needs to interchangeable. : It’s a bug: https:// refresh. So just click any other Erik has been in IT for 30+ years. He A bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/ folder, like home, and then go back has seen technology come and go. +source/casper/+bug/1489855 and it will see your phone. See: From repairing washing machine : I am struggling with Apache https://www.linux.com/news/udev- sized hard drives with multimeters Q and oscilloscopes, laying cable, to and my webpages. I have introduction-device-management- scaling 3G towers, he's done it. changed the folder permissions to modern-linux-system/ full circle magazine #164 55 contents ^ UUBBUUNNTTUU GGAAMMEESS Written by Erik

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HHOOWW TTOO CCOONNTTRRIIBBUUTTEE Editor - Ronnie Tucker [email protected] FCM#165 Webmaster - FULL CIRCLE NEEDS YOU! Deadline: [email protected] A magazine isn't a magazine without articles and Full Circle is no Sunday 10th Jan. 2021. exception. We need your opinions, desktops, stories, how-to's, reviews, Release: Editing & Proofreading and anything else you want to tell your fellow *buntu users. Send your Friday 29th Jan. 2021. articles to: [email protected] Mike Kennedy, Gord Campbell, Robert Orsino, Josh Hertel, Bert Jerred, Jim We are always looking for new articles to include in Full Circle. For help and advice please Dyer and Emily Gonyer see the Official Full Circle Style Guide: http://bit.ly/fcmwriting Our thanks go to Canonical, the many Send your comments or Linux experiences to: [email protected] translation teams around the world Hardware/software reviews should be sent to: [email protected] and Thorsten Wilms for the FCM logo. Questions for Q&A should go to: [email protected] Desktop screens should be emailed to: [email protected] ... or you can visit our site via: fullcirclemagazine.org Getting Full Circle Magazine: For the Full Circle Weekly News: EPUB Format - Most editions have a link to the file on You can keep up to date with the Weekly News using the RSS that issue's download page. If you have any problems with feed: http://fullcirclemagazine.org/feed/podcast the epub file, email: [email protected] Or, if you're out and about, you can get the Weekly News via Issuu - You can read Full Circle online via Issuu: Stitcher Radio (Android/iOS/web): http://issuu.com/fullcirclemagazine. Please share and rate http://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=85347&refid=stpr FCM as it helps to spread the word about FCM and Ubuntu. and via TuneIn at: http://tunein.com/radio/Full-Circle-Weekly- News-p855064/

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