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Introduction British Library 2002/2003

CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION

Economic and social progress is critically dependent on the advance of knowledge. The British Library plays an important role in providing the raw material for new thinking and hence stimulating the generation of ideas.

The British Library is a world-class institution devoted and Skills Committee said, ‘We are proud that the British to the support of research and innovation through its Library is recognised as a world leader and we pay collections, services and staff. The Library is an integral tribute to its work in providing research resources for component of the national research infrastructure and higher education and for enterprise.’ plays a significant role in ensuring UK research excellence. Over 50 per cent of what the Library does is Most importantly perhaps, Government recognition of associated in some way or another with supporting our unique and important contribution was reflected Higher Education and a further 25 per cent of British in a positive Grant in Aid funding settlement for the Library activity is directed towards support of industry Library for the period 2003/04 – 2005/06. A substantial and business. capital allocation for the construction of additional storage capacity to meet projected collection growth The British Library also has much to offer the general alleviated some of the concerns I expressed in last year’s public. Whether in our Reading Rooms or via our report about the need to obtain the necessary Document Supply service some ten per cent of our investment in infrastructure. And – in what I take as activity relates to the delivery of information to lifelong a vote of confidence in the challenging programme of learners in the general population. And increasingly strategic change we have embarked upon – the Library digitisation is enabling us to build upon our exhibition also received significant additional Grant funding and education programmes to broaden access to the earmarked for investment in both the modernisation collections of the national library to an ever-widening of the Document Supply service and also the reform of public. human resources and working practices.

During the period under review I was delighted to As we approach the next Spending Review I re-affirm see further recognition within Government of the my determination to ensure the necessary investment in substantive contribution that the Library makes to the the national library to sustain its world-class status and nation through its support of Higher Education and its to make available the knowledge held in our collections support for industry and UK competitiveness. In July to all who can benefit from it. 2002 the Government set out its strategy for science, engineering and technology in a publication entitled Investing in Innovation, in which it acknowledged ‘the value placed on the British Library as a resource to scientific researchers in the UK, both public and private’. Moreover, in its July 2002 report on library resources John Eatwell for Higher Education, the House of Commons Education British Library Chairman

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S SUMMARY OF THE YEAR

This year the development of the British Library’s strategy has focused on assessing the different needs and expectations of our primary constituencies: researchers; business people; schools and students; the library and information network; and the general public. Establishing the current and emerging needs of our users has enabled us to articulate our shared sense of the British Library’s core purpose: to provide access to the world’s knowledge.

We have engaged staff throughout the Library in passed its second reading on the 14th March 2003, defining how we all add value to the knowledge which and we are extremely grateful to all those who we hold in trust for present and future generations. The supported the progress of the Bill. There are still several compelling common factor underpinning the roles the stages to pass before legislation is secured, and there Library plays for all our diverse audiences has been remain some issues to be worked through with crystallised as helping people advance knowledge to stakeholders. However, if we are successful in our enrich lives. efforts, this will be a groundbreaking piece of legislation, ensuring that our national digital memory is preserved With a clear sense of purpose that is shared by staff and and made accessible in perpetuity. resonates with users, we are turning strategy into action. At an immediate and visible level, an exciting outcome Critical parallel activity has been the development of this has been the implementation of a distinctive new of digital archiving and preservation strategies. A visual identity for the Library. We recognise that the particular challenge facing all libraries as they develop success of our new brand will come not only from our digital collection strategies is how to collect and archive visual communications but also from the experience that information contained in websites. We are collaborating our many users have of the Library itself. Judging by with international partners, including the Bibliothèque the opinion of the writer A N Wilson, we have strong nationale de France, the Library of Congress and the foundations on which to build. In the acknowledgments National Library of Canada to agree distributed global to his recent book The Victorians, he comments that ‘the approaches to web archiving. British Library is the glory of our nation; the staff are its glory’, a sentiment which we all share as we celebrate Sustaining our world-leading acquisition levels remains the fifth anniversary of the opening of the first Reading a priority in the face of continuing budget pressures. Room at St Pancras. With increasing demands on resources, collaboration is crucial if we are to provide the best possible support Another landmark this year was the seventieth for UK research. A milestone this year has been anniversary of the opening of our newspaper Reading the publication of the report of the Research Support Rooms at Colindale in North London; meanwhile, great Libraries Group and its recommendation to establish progress has been made on the digitisation of our a Research Libraries Network for the UK. The British collection of the first English newspapers. The project is Library Board welcomed the report’s recognition that intended to give fully-searchable web access to ‘the first ‘the British Library is absolutely integral to the success of draft of history’. This is just one example of how we are UK research’. We will continue to play a leading role in opening up a specialised area of our collection to much shaping a more integrated future approach to research wider usage, enabling innovative new research and support, working with the Higher Education Funding advancing knowledge in very real terms. Council for England and other partners.

The future role of libraries is being fundamentally We continue to work closely with the Society of influenced by the development of Internet and Chief Librarians (SCL) to develop a shared agenda digital technologies. The challenge of handling digital appropriate to the challenges facing libraries at both publications is shared by all libraries, but there is a special the community and national level. The second annual responsibility on libraries of legal deposit to guarantee workshop between the British Library and SCL was the integrity of the national published archive. We have held in December and we are pursuing collaborative put particular effort into lobbying for the extension programmes with the public library network and other of legal deposit to include digital as well as print regional agencies. These will bring our collections and materials, working closely with other key stakeholders exhibitions to a wider audience and will support the from libraries, publishers and Government. A Private library network in its marketing and delivery of services Member’s Bill, sponsored by Chris Mole MP, successfully to local audiences.

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

CHIEF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTINUED

An exciting new collaboration with the New York Public developing leadership skills within the Library and will Library will enable us to share best practice and develop be rolling out a series of training programmes later FACT BOOK DIVIDER joint initiatives with another great research library with in the year. Our performance management scheme is a different function and perspective to our own. Areas being redesigned, and a fundamental review of our FRONT we are investigating together include the role of reward and recognition system will commence shortly. the library curator in the 21st century, long-term I would like to thank our interim HR Director, digital strategies, and the provision of services to the Andy Cook, for the significant work he directed during science and business community. We are grateful to the his appointment, and to welcome our new Director, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation for its vital support in Mary Canavan, who joins us in June 2003. the development of this project. We have been reviewing our estates requirements, and In last year’s report I referred to the fundamental to ensure that we have space to accommodate the modernisation programme which we were undertaking eleven kilometres of new material we acquire each year to develop the British Library’s services. This has we have begun planning for new storage developments continued and there have been many hard decisions to at our site in Yorkshire. We were pleased to receive take, as well as significant and sometimes painful additional capital funding from Government to assist changes to implement this year. However, I believe that this work. We are also planning a new Centre for this work is essential if we are to create a Library that Conservation to be built at St Pancras, which will is responsive to its users’ needs and aligned with our enhance the Library’s conservation facilities, ensuring overall vision. We have made significant progress in a that our priceless collections are protected for future number of key areas as detailed reviews and restructures generations to study and enjoy. The Centre will give have moved forward across all the Library’s Directorates. public visibility to world-class craft skills and will imaginatively engage the growing public interest in The e-Strategy and Information Systems Directorate has conservation activities. been radically restructured to support our service delivery. Successful implementation of systems that can A number of projects in the immediate vicinity of the manage and provide access to all our collection items, Library, including the building of a new Eurostar terminal whether in digital or print form, is critical to the Library’s at St Pancras and the regeneration of the King’s Cross future development. The Directorate has embarked area (particularly aimed at attracting the creative on the implementation of an Integrated Library System, industries), will draw new businesses, residents and which will deliver a new online catalogue and streamline tourists to our doorstep, and look set to position the the way in which we process and catalogue items. Library at the heart of a new cultural quarter for London.

We are making major changes to our Document Supply Looking back over our achievements this year, I am service to enable digital delivery of research material struck by the pride, dedication and skill shown by staff on a far greater scale. We have had valuable support throughout the Library, as well as the extraordinary from the Government’s Invest to Save programme diversity and quality of what they accomplish. The case to help us deliver this improvement. Digital scanning studies and summaries throughout this Report give just from print and microform originals will give researchers a flavour of the many ways in which the knowledge rapid, high-quality delivery from over one hundred held in our collections has made a difference to people’s million research articles, reports and conference papers lives. The British Library is recognised and valued direct to their desktop. Coupled with the breakthrough for its contribution to the economy, to research in instant, secure electronic delivery from e-journals, competitiveness and as a great cultural institution. It is made possible by our partnership with Adobe, this a privilege for me to see this in action every day and reinforces the Library’s role as the pre-eminent to lead the Library at this time of major changes in global document supplier. It also confirms our close education, learning and the ways in which information is co-operation with publishers, which is vital to the accessed. Technology is also driving fundamental shifts continuing success of the national research infrastructure. in research methods and publishing models. The Library is responding with growing confidence to the resulting Our Human Resources department has an important challenges, and is now positioned to deliver access to the role to play in supporting the Library during our world’s knowledge on an unprecedented scale. programme of organisational change. The team has been strengthened by new appointments and has been restructured to help deliver the Library’s strategic agenda more effectively. This year we have started to make good progress against many of our priority areas, supported by special reform funding. We are improving Lynne Brindley our industrial relations and we are committed to Chief Executive

06 Fact Book British Library 2002/2003 3,000 new words were added to the Oxford English Dictionary last year.

6 OED researchers use the 12 London Reading Rooms to verify new words and identify others which have become obsolete.

items Every minute of each working day (and night), researchers around the world order 9 items from our Document Supply service.

Details of 8,000 new research articles appear on our searchable web database every working day.

07 Fact Book British Library 2002/2003 Our basement stores reach 24 metres below ground 599km years Our collection fills 599 kilometres – the equivalent of an 8 storey of shelving on 5 sites in London and We hold information 28It would take you 28 years, day and night, to building, and as deep as the Yorkshire. on 25 different materials, Victoria line which runs listen to the Sound Archive’s entire CD collection. through them. including glass, bone, wood, stone, papyrus, plastic, wax, skin, bark, cloth, paper, metal and clay. , St Pancras Reading Rooms are open 6 The world’s longest- 17days a week and 8established Sunday every day Readers paper, The Observer, consult an average is 212 years old. We , , of 17,800 items. have the 4 page first 8,490,040 searches were made of our issue; copies now have catalogue on the web during the year. 194 pages, and on the CD-Rom version every

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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003 Fact Book British Library 2002/2003 %

We welcomed 61,302 new Readers If you consulted to our Reading Rooms in the past year. We created 618,661 new STRATEGY INTO ACTION 10 items every day, it would take catalogue records during In last year’s Annual Report we set out our six strategic priorities. you 40,000 years the year, exceeding our This year we report on our progress. to see the whole target by 9%. of our current , collection. 61302 9 Strategic priorities Progress during 2002/03 Impact on our users and partners Strategic priorities Progress during 2002/03 Impact on our users and partners

Developing and enhancing Improving collection access our catalogues through digitisation The development of more web-based We created 618,661 new catalogue records, Timeliness and accuracy of holdings information Our priority is to develop a coherent We defined criteria for digitisation projects, Sharing material in digital form supports research catalogues will be the primary means exceeding our target by 9% is vital for the library network which uses our digitisation strategy that will state our focusing on the benefits we bring to user and learning in all our user communities. of opening up access to our collections. We have added the Library’s catalogue to the records and for researchers and businesses who criteria for selection of content and communities by digitising particular types We intend to give researchers at all levels fully- We will improve catalogue coverage suite of major UK research library catalogues want rapid access to new publications. will contain business models for of material. searchable web access to digitised newspapers. and quality. We will improve resource that can be seamlessly searched on the web. Researchers can now search 22 major UK collection and capture. We installed a digital imaging suite that Online resources launched during the year: discovery through collaboration. We are participating in the project to create a research catalogues in a single sweep of streamlines the capture and processing of - 21st Century Citizen in support of the National UK Union Catalogue of serials (SUNCAT); the www.copac.ac.uk digital images from original collection materials. Curriculum, providing learning resources for contract for development has been awarded to Researchers will be able to identify and We exceeded our target of digitising images teachers and school students; EDINA/Ex Libris. locate all the serials holdings of the main from the collection by 5%. - the Database of Fine Bindings, giving art UK research collections. With support from the National Science historians and other researchers access to images Foundation in the US, we are working with a and details of previously hidden treasures; contractor to digitise microfilms of pre-1801 - Images Online, giving the creative industries an Improving the way users meet newspapers. Half a million page images have easy way to find and order pictures from our the Library been created so far. historic collections. Our goal is to make our services We are monitoring satisfaction with the Library’s People using our Reading Rooms and Document easier to use. services so that we can maintain a programme Supply services or visiting our exhibitions are of continuous improvement reporting satisfaction levels above our targets. Developing life-cycle We have established our new brand identity People instantly recognise our new visual style, collection management which expresses our core purpose in visual and the tone is engaging and the language clear We are taking an integrated approach We have completed a review of the All users benefit from the Library’s responsible written terms. and readily understood. to our stewardship of the national relationships between each stage of our stewardship of our collections both now and in We are renewing our printed materials in line Clear, targeted leaflets and guides make it collection and considering all aspects of management of the collections. the future. with the new brand, rationalising them wherever easier for Readers, visitors and customers to how material is brought into the Library, We have analysed the economic We have collaborated with Oxford University possible, both to control costs and to ensure get straight to the information they want. catalogued, shelved, retrieved for users, interdependencies of all stages so we can Library Services on the review and will continue users are not overwhelmed with information. Browsers are able to find the information they stored and preserved for the long-term. assess the proportion of resources required to work with them to establish benchmarks We have modified the website to reflect the need on www.bl.uk quickly and easily. This will enable us to develop a better at each. This will enable us to manage and against which we, and other libraries, will be able brand, simplified navigation, and made it easier Disabled researchers now have better access understanding of the interdependencies allocate resources most effectively in the to assess our collection management practices. for people with disabilities to use. to a wider range of our services, enabling and costs of each stage of the life-cycle. longer term. The UK research libraries have particular interest We have improved Reading Room facilities them to use our resources more effectively. in this work, which no other organisation has for people with physical and visual disabilities. Postgraduates, final year students and members undertaken before. The review prepares the way We have made reciprocal agreements with of the public whose research needs can’t be met for collaborative collection management in the university libraries in the UK and public by their local library’s resources are now entitled, UK library network. libraries in London for referral of users on their librarian’s recommendation, to a between research collections. Reader’s Pass. Developing an integrated architecture for the hybrid library Modernising our services The challenge is to create an We are currently implementing a new Faster processing of new material will make it We are transforming our services We are merging our operations across all Businesses and researchers using Document infrastructure that will seamlessly Integrated Library System, which will efficiently accessible to users more quickly. to improve the accessibility of our locations to harmonise discovery and Supply have rapid electronic delivery of the allow us to manage, preserve and streamline acquisition and cataloguing of Catalogues of printed material will link to collections. We will integrate services to accessibility of resources. vast body of research information that has provide access to all our collections printed and digital items. This will ultimately catalogues of sound, manuscript and digitised enable a seamless process of searching, New contracts with Relais and Xerox, been published, and will continue to be whether the materials are print based, allow searching of all our catalogue records holdings. ordering and receipt by the user. investment in an innovative digitisation system published, in print. or electronic. This includes creating an from a single point of access. It will be easier to share cataloguing data with and installation of 110 new scanners are Businesses and researchers using Document environment where digital materials can We are developing a Digital Object other libraries. enabling us to deliver secure digital copies of Supply have instant access to increasing be preserved beyond the life of the Management System to support long term Users of Reading Rooms and online services will printed and microform items from our numbers of e-articles on a ‘pay per item’ basis. original viewing application. storage, provide access by incorporating have access to digital materials in perpetuity, Document Supply collections Researchers in our Reading Rooms now have appropriate levels of metadata, and manage subject to licensing arrangements, but regardless Our new partnership with Adobe to provide instant access to electronic articles. associated Intellectual Property Rights. of original carrier. secure electronic delivery from e-journals has All Document Supply users are benefiting from We are collaborating with other institutions to By sharing the workload and establishing best enabled us to secure contracts with the major greatly improved service delivery. We typically develop standards for digital preservation and practice the library network will be able to make scientific publishers. deliver more than 80% of requests within access to ensure a consistent global approach. more digital materials widely accessible, 24 hours. cost-effectively and without duplication of effort.

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Fact Book British Library 2002/2003 Every working day staff answer 2,000 2000free enquiries.

EVOLVING OUR STRATEGY

Over the past year our strategy has moved forward. The priorities we identified last year are operational, and have been about enabling the most effective use of our services and resources. Now that we have put in place robust internal changes to deliver on our objectives we are shifting our focus to the outcomes that our users can anticipate. YEAR BOOK DIVIDER Key communities of users The services and resources they use How we will add value during 2003/04 FRONT

Researchers: Reading Rooms in St Pancras, Boston Spa We are meeting the changing needs of the research Postgraduates, teaching staff and the Newspaper collections in Colindale community by improving existing services to give and researchers in Higher Document Supply services quicker and more comprehensive access to our Education Online catalogues and databases resources. Writers and scholars On-demand imaging from our The Integrated Library System will unify and improve Government research reference collections catalogues. This will simplify the discovery of research establishments British Library publications sources and increase the accuracy of results. Digitised collection materials Researchers will have online access to major newspaper Curatorial expertise and sound collections, thanks to support by JISC for digitisation programmes. We will contribute to the studies and new services of the Research Libraries Network.

Business people: Expert searching services We are rationalising and modernising existing services High R&D industries Reading Rooms in St Pancras, Boston Spa to make them faster, more efficient and increasingly Professional services and Colindale customer-focused. Small and medium-sized Document Supply services We are making services wholly digital wherever technology-based enterprises Online catalogues and databases appropriate. Science Parks Training, e.g. Patents Clinics We are developing new services in line with changing Creative and media industries, British Library publications user needs. Our Research Service, for example, will e.g. broadcasting, publishing, Database licensing undertake comprehensive searches and analysis of advertising and journalism On-demand imaging from our reference collections patents, technical and business literature for businesses.

The library network: Document Supply services We will support more retrospective cataloguing and Libraries in Higher and Supply of bibliographic records digitisation programmes through partnership funding. Further Education Training Through our regional initiatives we are forming National libraries British Library publications partnerships with local agencies for museums, libraries Public libraries Site visits and archives to make the national library’s resources Regional archives and museums Co-operative forums to establish more available at a regional level. Government libraries standards and best practice We are providing resources to support a strand of the Special libraries public library staff development programme.

Schools and students: Workshops using exhibitions We are developing a programme of 4 types of learning Teachers Summer schools and seminars workshop at St Pancras for teachers and students; one School libraries Regional and outreach projects strand focuses on social inclusion goals. Students 11-18 Partnerships and advice to support research skills We are setting up intensive projects with groups of Schools in the St Pancras area and information literacy young people in Camden. Further Education colleges Web resource for teachers and learners We will extend user involvement in the 21st Century Undergraduates British Library books and CD-Roms for schools Citizen website and develop it in response to feedback. Our involvement in the University College Widening Participation summer school will increase this year.

The general public: Exhibitions Two major new exhibitions on Lindisfarne and modern Communities local to the Events Chinese prints are opening this year. Library’s sites Tours We are launching Collect Britain, a web resource Lifelong learners Bookshop exploring major image and sound collections, Groups and societies British Library publications supported by the New Opportunities Fund. Families Virtual exhibitions and displays We are developing www.bl.uk to provide wider Tourists from the UK public accessibility and enrich the interested browser’s and overseas experience of the site. We are extending our programme of mounting smaller topical displays with wide appeal.

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

INNOVATION GUARANTEED...

Mark Sheahan used our patent and business ...Mark Sheahan, Managing Director of CompGen Limited, was named Innovator of collections when he designed his Simply Squeeze to the Year 2003 in a ceremony held at the British Library in November 2002 by the Open packaging. It’s cheaper and quicker to produce London Business Innovation Centre. His Simply Squeeze to Open containers are a than standard closing systems and is especially easy real breakthrough in packaging design. Cheaper and quicker to produce than standard for elderly and disabled people to use. closing systems, his invention has already been taken up by major packaging producers in the US and the UK.

Mark’s design will also reduce the 60,000 accidents The Library’s expert staff are a great help for the caused annually in the UK alone because of the problems new inventor. They run patent clinics to help people get people have when opening consumer goods. Airtight, started. New inventors are vulnerable; you can be taken and easy to make child-proof, the Simply Squeeze advantage of. I keep an eye on the trade press to make lids are also a boon for the elderly and the disabled. sure that none of mine is pirated, and I know that other inventors have used the collections when taking Mark has had a golden year, winning the Invention action to protect their intellectual property. The Library’s of the Year and Gold Consumer Product at the resources empower the lone inventor.’ British Invention Show, the Grand Prix at Inpex, America’s largest invention showcase, the Visteon The Library’s support for innovation was highlighted in Award for Manufacturing Innovation and gold the Government’s report, Investing in Innovation, medals from Geneva’s International Exhibition of published in July 2002. The report underlined the value Inventions and the Taiwan Invention the Library added at a national level Association. in supporting scientific and technical ‘The Library’s expert staff research and development in How did the Library contribute to universities and large corporations his triumph? ‘You inspire confidence’, are a great help for the through Document Supply services says Mark. During development new inventor. They run and Reading Rooms. It also of the product, he visited the patent clinics to help recognised the ‘particular benefit Reading Rooms and the website (the Library offers) to smaller firms to check on existing patents for people get started. which are less able than large packaging. ‘It’s vital to do thorough Inventors are vulnerable companies to hold substantial searches. Otherwise you can waste and can be taken collections of scientific journals and so much time, and companies can other publications’. spend thousands of pounds, advantage of. The Library’s developing an idea, only to find that resources empower the Refocusing the services we offer a patent already exists. The Library to small and medium-sized can also help innovators and lone inventor.’ companies has been central to entrepreneurs assess the market. Mark Sheahan, Innovator of the Year 2003 Julia Stocken’s work since she There’s no point developing joined the Library last year as a prototype unless there’s a big Head of Science, Technology and enough market out there.’ Innovation. She says, ‘we’re here to help make ideas happen. The enterprise sector needs reliable information; Mark believes that ‘nearly every idea’s already they may not be familiar with the sources, or know how been thought of, but just not commercialised. best to use them. We’ve got the expertise, the facilities You can find out who would be interested in your idea and all the scientific and technical information, online by looking at which companies are filing patents and in print: we can sift it, assess it, and package it how in your field. You need to delve into an area, look at they want. We’re developing our ideas with partners, how others have addressed a problem, then see if including the London Development Agency. There’s you can move forward from it. Once you’ve filed such a sense of excitement: we’re fine-tuning a really your patent, you can get in touch with manufacturers. powerful resource.’

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

THE RIGHT DECISIONS...

Our Document Supply services are making more ...‘Information helps us manage risk’, says Susan Cooper, information expert at research available for electronic delivery. AstraZeneca’s Charnwood research site. The pharmaceutical giant spends $3 billion AstraZeneca’s scientists use our information to every year on research and development of new treatments. Susan says, ‘it can take underpin their decision-making, helping them choose 15 years to bring a successful drug to market, and the chain from molecule to man is from among thousands the one compound that could complicated and expensive. There are stages in that process when the right decisions become the basis of a new treatment. are critical, and have to be based on full knowledge. Anything less could be a disaster – for patients, and for the company.’

AstraZeneca has a long association with the British in our printed and microform collections direct to the Library, but recently we’ve signed an agreement to researcher’s desktop. This service complements our customise the Document Supply service we provide instant electronic access, which gives customers powerful to the international research teams. Susan’s unit, searching across the most significant e-journals, and a Information Science and Library, has pioneered the direct link to full text articles already published online. development of Glides – the Global Library Integrated Delivery System – now being rolled out across Publishers’ concerns about the security of copyright AstraZeneca’s global research and development sites. material online have been answered by our ground- The system gives scientists desktop access to all the breaking partnership with Adobe™, which enables us to electronic journals licensed by AstraZeneca, and to give customers instant and secure access to e-articles, information about their onsite library collections. But and gives all parties the reassurance that their use of backing up these holdings is the British Library’s material complies with international copyright legislation. Document Supply service. Susan Publishers receive royalties for each explains, ‘scientists order research transaction, and major publishers articles from their desktop, and ‘Now that the Library is such as Elsevier, Kluwer Academic when we don’t hold what they able to deliver secure and Mary Ann Liebert have been want, the system automatically quick to sign up. puts in an order to the British electronic files from Library, on the basis that if they printed originals, it will The Library’s service brings their haven’t got it, nobody else is likely make a big difference to content to the attention of an to. The Library delivers straight to international customer base, whose the scientists, so they have the us – especially for our research needs are so varied that information quickly and efficiently. overseas sites.’ licensing electronic content from We’ve built our system to interface many different publishers is not with the Library’s, to make the Susan Cooper, information expert, practical. The ability to rely on the AstraZeneca relationship as effective as possible.’ Library to provide a wide range of e-articles on a one-off basis as they Susan is enthusiastic about the Library’s forthcoming need it is a substantial benefit to the commercial digital delivery system for printed material. ‘Our research sector. Dr Toshinobu Yamaguchi, of the Document Supply orders tend to be for articles from chemical manufacturer Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd, was printed sources. Now that the Library is able to deliver one of the first to use the service. He says, ‘we started secure electronic files from those originals, that will make to use the secure electronic delivery service because it a big difference to us – especially for our overseas sites. was fast and efficient. It’s enabled us to provide our Speed of delivery is critical to the scientists; we strive to researchers with an even better service than before. always be out in front in a rapidly moving environment, We hope the Library takes many more journals with so the information has got to be fast as well as right.’ secure electronic delivery at their earliest convenience.’

The development of this electronic delivery service has We’re certainly acting on Dr Yamaguchi’s request. been made possible thanks to new partnerships with From Autumn 2003 we’ll be able to supply 100% of Xerox, Relais™ International and our agreement with our copyright-cleared requests electronically, using the Copyright Licensing Agency. The Library can now our secure technology. This represents a significant deliver high-quality electronic files from over one reinforcement of our position as the premier source of hundred million articles, reports and conference papers international document supply in the digital age.

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

VOCAL HISTORY...

The Beatles were John Evans’ favourite ...The British Library Sound Archive’s exhibition, 50 Years of Number Ones, attracted hit-makers when we polled visitors to our record numbers of visitors in celebration of the anniversary of the UK singles chart, 50 Years of Number Ones exhibition. John first published by the New Musical Express in 1952. Five decades of hit singles – 946 went on to win the Gibson Les Paul Deluxe in all – were available for listeners, who were given a chance to enter a competition guitar in our competition. to win a guitar – a Gibson Les Paul Deluxe reissue.

The winner was John Evans, a former semi-professional disabled people had a valuable contribution to make. guitarist from North London. ‘I love the guitar, and We wanted to record the memories of the people who plans are afoot for many musical reunions. I’ve been created Scope and made that change possible. It was researching at the Library for the past decade, and the a race against time: three of our interviewees have since 50 Years of Number Ones exhibition suddenly gave the died, but their testimony remains, so that future place a new angle for me.’ generations can hear them speak for themselves.

John has been using the Humanities and Science The support of the Library was important because it Reading Rooms to research a book about thinking and gave our project credibility. It brought us into contact learning. He says, ‘I used to be a systems analyst, and with other oral historians who were working in related I noticed that some of the best analysts I came across fields and giving a voice to those who usually remain were, like me, dyslexic. I found this was often true unheard. Oral history is about valuing people’s of builders, architects and others experiences. I was born with cerebral who use graphical techniques to palsy, and I strongly believe that communicate highly complex ‘Lots of people from the disabled people’s experience should content. So I began researching be valued.’ into the new field of artificial and Reading Rooms took time natural neural networks. It seems out from their research to The Library’s Sound Archive gave that three dimensional graphical don the headsets and tap Chris training in oral history techniques speak the same spatial techniques, and advice on structuring language as our neural networks.’ their feet. Visitors were the project, question schemes dancing around the sound and recording formats. The interviews John’s been sharing his ideas with points.’ he recorded have now joined the public sector policy officers to help Sound Archive’s growing research them develop their thinking on John Evans, researcher collection of oral history recordings on integrating public service delivery. subjects relating to disability, medical The first application of his ideas has practice and mental health. been in literacy teaching in prison, with people who have had very little formal teaching, and were very The Library was also the venue for the launch of resistant to standard literacy training. ‘Prisons have a Changing Society, which was published in May 2002 to very high proportion of dyslexics, and working with celebrate the 50th Anniversary of Scope. Chris says, them I found that they were able to use graphical and ‘The event gave many disabled people the opportunity spatial learning tools very effectively. Over a few months to visit the building, and they were impressed by the their literacy improved, along with their self-confidence.’ access and the facilities there. It also prompted them to come to us with their memories and their own archives, ‘Self-confidence is vital if people are to participate fully and as a result we’ve recently published another book in the community,’ agrees Chris Davies, the editor of with a Millennium Award. It’s the autobiography of Bill Changing Society, a book and CD based on interviews Hargreaves, a founder of Scope, called Can You Manage with key individuals in the development of Scope, a Stares?, and now we’re starting a bigger oral history charity for people with cerebral palsy. Chris says, ‘Scope project to record the wider life experiences of people campaigned for a change in attitude, a recognition that with cerebral palsy in the 20th century.’

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Year Book British Library 2002/2003

FAITH MATTERS...

Digitising Sultan Baybars’ Qur’an has enabled millions ...‘Respect. It’s crucial if diverse communities are to live and work together’, says to see this superb manuscript, while our work with Nina Rahel, Camden Council’s Faith Officer. ‘Understanding each other’s beliefs is one Camden Council is helping to build bridges between way of strengthening respect between different groups. Camden Council has been different faiths. We’ve contributed to a new directory of bringing together faith groups in the Borough since 1998, but after the awful events local places of worship, which includes the magnificent of September 2001, emphasising the common ground between religions became London Central Mosque in Regent’s Park. even more important.’

Nina spends her days building links between different years ago has been digitised with the generous help of faiths and the Council. She says, ‘having the British the Noon Foundation. Visitors can explore its wonders on Library in Camden offers us a wonderful resource. We our interactive Turning the Pages system in the Galleries, had a multi-faith tour of the John Ritblat Gallery, which or see highlights on our website. The Prime Minister, Tony holds great treasures from many world religions. British Blair, said, ‘this Qur’an is an object of beauty as well as Library staff were incredibly generous with their time, faith, and it is excellent that the UK’s national library has offering expertise on how these works were produced enabled people to appreciate such a magnificent work’. and discussing them with Camden’s faith leaders. It was a great evening – Christians, Muslims, Jews, Hindus Bringing the people into contact with God was the and Zoroastrians came together to learn about each inspiration for the first translation of the Bible into other’s sacred texts, all housed at the British Library, and English in 1388 by John Wycliffe’s followers. The Library we were even shown items that aren’t usually exhibited. has published a new edition of this New Testament, in People especially loved the Turning association with the Tyndale Society. the Pages display and having the Dr William Cooper, who transcribed Library experts on hand; the event ‘Faith is so important in the text into modern spelling and will certainly result in the faith the lives of many of the punctuation for a contemporary leaders returning to the Library with communities we serve. readership, considers the original other members of their groups.’ ‘more splendid…than any of Working with faith groups Chaucer’s writings, and perhaps of The Library provided some of those is helping to build greater…significance than any other texts for use in Camden Council’s writing that has come down to us directory of the places of worship stronger, more cohesive from the Middle Ages’. It offers ‘an and faith-based organisations in the communities in Camden.’ extraordinary freshness’, as one Borough. The Library’s contribution reviewer noted. Banned in 1401, Nina Rahel, Camden Council’s Faith Officer to the directory has helped it gain ownership of a Wycliffe manuscript the reputation as a ‘directory that’s was a capital offence; we should actually a pleasure to read!’ It’s called Neighbours, a remember, wrote the reviewer, that ‘men died in order to directory of faith communities in Camden and includes write these words, and their faith shows through’. some core facts about nine of the world’s major religions, and quotes from their sacred texts on the subject of The systematic destruction of early Bible translations neighbourliness, and responsibilities to strangers. Copies makes them very rare; the Library is fortunate in having have been distributed to community and youth groups, a fine copy that was used for the transcription. The role places of worship, schools, and hospitals. Nina says, the Library plays in conserving such vital documents of ‘Neighbours is in demand – we’ve reprinted it, and it’s world culture was again highlighted when Dr Jeevan been distributed as an example of good practice to all Deol, of St John’s College, Cambridge, revealed one of council Chief Executives in the UK. If we understand our manuscripts of the Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth what motivates communities, recognise the values that Sahib, to be the oldest outside India, dating back to inform their spiritual, social and even working lives, we c.1670. For the Sikh community, the discovery is can work with them more effectively to ensure that significant because it’s estimated that up to 80 per cent services and facilities are appropriate, and inclusive.’ of Sikh scriptural manuscripts have disappeared over the past century because of conflict and conservation Throughout the millennia, faith has inspired creativity. problems. The sacred texts in the Library are wonderful examples of the heights to which individuals and societies aspire. The Library has continued its exploration of faith with an We aim to bring that alive in our exhibitions, displays, exhibition on the Lindisfarne Gospels this year. The publications and events, and help people develop their exhibition is complemented by an ongoing series of understanding of the artistry and humanity that have events around the theme Faith Matters, and an created these masterpieces of faith. For example, the extensive web display that includes the Lindisfarne superb Qur’an created for Egypt’s Sultan Baybars 700 Turning the Pages.

21 Year Book British Library 2002/2003

FROM SCORE TO ENCORE...

Our Mendelssohn scores are being used by Christopher ...The Royal Philharmonic Society’s Archive has been saved for the nation following a Hogwood to prepare new editions of seven overtures, and public appeal by the Library. Launched by the celebrated pianist Mitsuko Uchida and local music groups like the Enfield Strings are performing Sir Colin Davis, Principal Conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra, the appeal a wider repertoire thanks to the Library’s support for a raised one million pounds from individuals, trusts and foundations, including a major web catalogue of performance sets in UK music libraries. contribution from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The generosity of the many donors ensured that the archive remained in the UK, intact and available to researchers.

Christopher Hogwood, renowned musicologist and Christopher has an international reputation both as a conductor, is using the Society’s archive to recreate scholar – this year he was made Honorary Professor authoritative scores of seven of Mendelssohn’s of Music by the University of Cambridge – and as a Overtures. He explains, ‘the Urtext is a version of a score practising musician. Chris Banks, Head of the Library’s with minimal editorial interference, which gives you Music Collections, says, ‘performers will relish the new the sound picture the composer was aiming for. editions. Christopher’s research is meticulous, but Different versions of Mendelssohn’s scores exist – there because he’s a great player and conductor, his scholar- are often several ‘original’ autograph manuscripts as ship is also informed by the demands of performance.’ well as corrected proofs of first printed editions, rehears- al and first performance scores – and from these I hope The Royal Philharmonic Society has been supporting I’ve got as close as possible to all the versions musical performance since 1813. In the past year, the that Mendelssohn considered fit to perform. With his Library has also played a part in supporting performance enthusiasm for constant change through a grant we made to the there will, in several cases, be more UK branch of the International than one version published.’ ‘Our local library has an Association of Music Libraries to set up Encore! – a web catalogue of New scores of seven Mendelssohn excellent music collection, performance sets in British music Overtures under Christopher’s but Encore! shows me the libraries. editorship are being published by wonderful range of music Bärenreiter, starting with The Fair Ceri Mann and her colleagues from Melusine which appeared in spring held in libraries all over Enfield’s Library Resources Unit order 2003. Christopher says, ‘the Library the country, and makes scores from Encore! every day. ‘The has the earlier version of this music departments in many local Overture, which was first performed them all available to me schools use Encore! and so do the in London in 1834. Mendelssohn in Enfield.’ larger church choirs, the choral then revised it and saw it through groups, local operatic societies and Sally Isaacs, cellist with the Enfield the youth orchestra. They can email the press in 1836. In letters from Strings and Encore! user those years he explains the process, us, phone or call in, then we order and I’ve prefaced the edition with sets from whichever participating an account of that revealing period of his life.’ library in the country holds them. They’re delivered here, and the performers can borrow them for as long The Trumpet Overture and The Hebrides (Fingal’s as they need. This is the first time it’s been possible Cave) are next in line for publication, and Christopher to locate sets from a single catalogue on the web, and has been working on the Library’s performance scores. for performers to see what’s available. So it’s certainly ‘Mendelssohn’s handwritten changes demonstrate broadening the range of music that’s being performed vividly his restless, self-critical instinct, as he adapts around us.’ the orchestration, the dynamics and articulation to refine out the texture of the piece, and even alters Sally Isaacs, a cellist with the Enfield Strings, is an the larger form and the transitional passages. His music enthusiastic user. ‘We decide on possible pieces for our suffers today from concert performances based on concerts, then I go onto Encore! and check if they’re over-edited publications made after his death. The available. We borrow the full set of 25 string parts, and revised scores will give Mendelssohn a fresh hearing, the service hardly costs us anything – which is a great and I hope reinvigorate our appreciation of his work.’ help since we’re an amateur group.’

23 Year Book British Library 2002/2003

INSPIRING TRANSFORMATIONS...

Sixth Form students came to the Library to study ...The Library worked with University College London (UCL) in July 2002 on an original sources from the English Civil War during inaugural summer school, Revolutions in History. The school was run as part of UCL’s the Revolutions in History summer school. The Widening Participation scheme, an outreach programme linking to state schools in banners of the Parliamentarians intrigued them, the Excellence in Cities areas. The Excellence initiative aims to raise aspirations and and Oliver Cromwell’s personal letters brought improve opportunities, and ensure that talented students reach their full potential. history to life.

Simon McGuinness of UCL ran the summer school with Frances is modest about her achievement. ‘John Evelyn’s the Library. ‘It was a great success and the group we so fruitful to work on. He soaks up ideas and reconciles brought together was very committed. We ran study the conflicting views of his time. That made it easy for sessions at the British Library, and I watched the awe on me to characterise the age he lived in. He kept every- the students’ faces when they were able to handle orig- thing: his papers document so many aspects of inal documents. That was an inspiring moment.’ intellectual, spiritual and political life.’ The Evelyn Archive came to the Library in 1995, when Frances was already Jenny Chambers, now in her final year at Stockton deep into her research. ‘That was stroke of fortune. I was Sixth Form College, County Durham, was one of 35 stu- responsible for cataloguing the archive and making dents selected from 200 applicants. ‘I had an amazing it available to scholars, even organising a conference time. Staying in a hall of residence and being part of lec- around it. So my working life fed into the writing and tures and discussions really showed me what university research I was doing at weekends. For the final stretch, was about. It was great being with I had a short period on secondment others who were so interested in to Royal Holloway, under the Arts history. It confirmed what I wanted ‘The curators who helped and Humanities Research Board to do. I’ve had an offer now from us when we studied the Exchange Scheme.’ UCL, so I’m concentrating on get- ting the grades.’ original documents were A breakthrough in the research really enthusiastic. We came with the apparently un- The students worked on major turn- were a bunch of sixth for- related acquisition of papers from ing points, then visited the Library to the family of a Norfolk doctor. study with the curators. Frances mers, so I thought they Frances describes a revelation: ‘I Harris, one of the Manuscripts might be a bit remote. recognised the handwriting in a pre- Curators, worked with the group But they were great at viously unidentified packet of studying the English Revolution. unsigned letters, and realised that I ‘They were very rewarding and sharing their ideas with us.’ was reading the correspondence of I enjoyed their company and Margaret with her future husband, Jenny Chambers, student attending the responses. I’m looking forward to Revolutions in History Summer School Sidney Godolphin. Her friendship repeating the experience.’ For Jenny, with John Evelyn continued after her working with Frances was her high marriage, but she died three years point. ‘I was really overwhelmed reading Cromwell’s later, aged 26, giving birth to her only child. Years later, actual letters – it brought the big ideas of history to a per- her son gave the letters to his doctor as a keepsake. sonal level.’ Suddenly, here was the evidence from the other side of Margaret’s life that I needed to complete her story.’ Frances herself has been overwhelmed recently by the acclaim for her latest book, Transformations of Love, Frances explores the sincerity and spiritual intensity of which reviewers have called ‘a masterly achievement’. In the friendship between the young Margaret and the Sunday Times, Lisa Jardine said it was a ‘work of the far older Evelyn, which contrasts vividly with the impeccable scholarship…(and) also a fantastically good hedonism and lasciviousness of the Restoration court. read’. The book explores the friendship between John ‘Friendship becomes a celebrated, almost sacramental Evelyn, the great English diarist, scientist and man of let- state during this period. For one thing, it allowed women ters, and Margaret Blagge, whom he met as a young to interact with men on a basis of equality and freedom, maid of honour in the Restoration court of Charles II. which marriage then didn’t’, she says.

25 Year Book British Library 2002/2003

ENABLING RESEARCH...

From late Victorian surgical manuals to the ...The St Pancras Reading Rooms enjoyed another busy year, with over five million latest research articles, thyroidhistory.net lists items consulted in the course of 407,000 reader visits. The satisfaction rate among all publications on thyroid conditions. Using the readers - measured as those who said the service was ‘excellent’ or ‘good’ - stood at site helped Elisabeth Klaar identify her illness 92 per cent. We aim to deliver all material held in our basement stores to readers and seek treatment, with the result that she’s within 70 minutes of an order being entered on our automated request system. Our now able to walk again. target is 90 per cent, but this year we achieved a 92 per cent success rate.

Staff were delighted by A N Wilson’s acknowledgement Readers who indicate that they have a disability. He says, in his new book, The Victorians: ‘The friendliness of ‘I help with the practical things: the easiest routes to the staff in this stupendously well-run library is a very the Reading Rooms and reserving special desks, for bright light in life. Though we, the readers, enjoy all example. We’ve produced large print versions of our the seemingly magic computerised catalogues and guides for Readers, as well as an audio guide to using the comfortable reading rooms, the books do still have to be collections. The heavy oak doors of the Reading Rooms lifted and heaved and wheeled.’ now open automatically, and other improvements include adjustable chairs and induction loops.’ We’ve recently brought more ‘magic computerised’ resources into the Reading Rooms – the number of Edna Kyrie is a Reader who uses a wheelchair and has electronic titles available has increased over the past year found the Library’s staff especially helpful. ‘Getting by 25 per cent. Creating catalogue records for DVDs, things off the shelves is tricky for me, and so’s online databases and e-journals so photocopying, but staff always come researchers can find the material to my rescue.’ Edna compiles the they need is a challenge for our website thyroidhistory.net, a guide to new digital cataloguing team. ‘The British Library, by all the research published on the Cynthia McKinley, who’s leading the being part of a tradition diagnosis and treatment of thyroid- team, says, ‘we’re working with related illness. She uses the Science cataloguing standards that are very of providing open access to Reading Rooms and says, ‘the sheer new, and still evolving. We’re sources of information and range of material available is applying them at a practical level, breathtaking. Occasionally I’ve had then feeding back to the Task Force knowledge, has given Edna difficulty tracking down older we’ve established with the American Kyrie, and through her, American articles, but I’ve had Library Association to refine many others, the chance marvellous letters written on my the international cataloguing rules. behalf by Library staff and a while Standards for cataloguing and to change their world.’ later, photocopies have magically interpreting digital content have got Elisabeth Klaar, appeared.’ Staff have also advised to be consistent so records can be thyroidhistory.net user Edna on copyright law so she can be shared between libraries or searched confident that what she provides on across different databases.’ her site complies with legislation.

Use of these resources in the Reading Rooms is growing Lyn Mynott, who chairs Thyroid UK, the support group rapidly – the number of online articles accessed more for patients and their families, says, ‘thyroidhistory.net is than doubled last year and we increased the number of not only a great help to patients, but also to doctors terminals by 20 per cent. The majority of these are and medical students. The site is excellent for medical networked, making online resources accessible across all professionals looking for specific research articles.’ Reading Rooms, regardless of subject, and so enabling Edna Kyrie has received moving testimonials from inter-disciplinary research. people who have ‘got their lives back’ after seeking treatment on the basis of research found on the site. We continue to improve access for researchers with Elisabeth Klaar, for example, was suffering from an disabilities, providing keyboards with large type and undiagnosed illness and was no longer able to walk. large screen monitors, and there are magnifiers and a ’I discovered the site and was persuaded by the research ‘text to speech’ reader. We’re working with the RNIB to to try treatment for hypothyroidism. I approached ensure that visually-impaired users can get the most out the diagnosis with caution, but what followed is a series of our website. We’re also making our web-content of miracles – symptoms vanishing one-by-one, and accessible from the keyboard, for the benefit of people strength and energy returning. I no longer use a with disabilities that prevent them using a mouse. The wheelchair. This would never have been possible Readers’ Adviser, Mark Walton, makes contact with new without thyroidhistory.net.’

27 Year Book British Library 2002/2003

SNAKE CONSERVATION...

...Rupert Wilkey is an expert on African snakes. He’s just published the first volumes of a seven part series, A Checklist of African Snakes, a groundbreaking work aimed at ecologists, agriculturalists and the medical profession. He has worked extensive- ly in the Map Library, and says, ‘I use the considerable collection of African maps to check locations and sightings of snakes. Geoff, Nicola, Cathy, Debbie, Sol and Carlos are extremely helpful and have assisted me greatly over the past ten years.’

The study of African snakes is important because they’re is field-testing a prototype CD in Malawi by capturing a vital part of the ecology and economy: they control snakes, feeding their data into the CD and confirming the rodent population, which, if left unchecked, can he can get a good match. It’s also being tested reach plague proportions and devastate cereal crops. at Blessings Hospital, a local clinic outside Lilongwe. Destruction of snakes’ natural habitat, caused by agri- Rupert says, ‘the CD’s getting a good response. Nothing culture, mining, deforestation for the timber trade and like this has ever been done, and medical people are firewood as human settlement encroaches, seriously welcoming the initiative. It should greatly reduce the threatens their numbers, which can have profound number of deaths from snake bite that happen every implications for communities. year.’

Rupert has also made considerable use of the Science Knowledge about snake species and their distribution in Reading Rooms, which have, he says, ‘a fantastic range Malawi is incomplete: some species are unique to the of rare reports and research papers country, most have not been studied about snakes, published in all sorts of for decades, and some had never strange places.’ He has almost ‘The most important been recorded until Rupert’s study completed production of a CD-Rom, aspect of my work is to was published. Understanding of A Guide to the Snakes of Malawi, their ecological importance is limited. and intends to develop this to detail make knowledge of snake As Victor Msiska, the Regional all 750 snake species in Africa. conservation as accessible Forestry Officer in Mzuzu, with whom Rupert has been working, The first edition of the CD will be dis- as possible. The Library’s says, ‘the destruction of the natural tributed free to all the medical cen- services are excellent habitat is a major threat to the sur- tres in Malawi. Rupert says, ways to make sure that vival and conservation of our bio- ‘most Malawians consider all snakes logical diversity. Destruction of the dangerous, and will kill them on happens.’ habitat is often done by our village sight. Nine of the 67 species communities in search of basic recorded in Malawi are venomous, Rupert Wilkey, author of needs. Provision of information and including several types of cobra A Checklist of African Snakes training and small scale community and the Black and Green Mambas. projects would go some way along Few medics are trained in the treatment of snake the road to addressing the problem.’ bites, and to give a victim the wrong anti-venom can be fatal.’ Rupert’s publisher, the Richard Terrell Society, is helping the Forestry Department in Malawi find ways to encour- Medical staff will use the CD to identify the symptoms age local people to develop crops and enterprises that of all types of snake bite, or to identify the snake from leave the forests – and the habitats – intact. It’s also its markings, colour, fang-type or scale counts. There building a body of knowledge about conservation are pictures of all the recorded types and features, and practices, and promoting the exchange of information step-by-step guides to treatment for each. Rupert about local initiatives.

28 Source Book British Library 2002/2003

The Digitised Qur’an We put the magnificent Qur’an of Sultan Baybars II onto our Turning the Pages system in our galleries, on the web and on CD-Rom. The process is complex: a curator is filmed turning the pages so we can replicate how they move – no two manuscripts are the same. Accurate wireframe Computer Assisted Design (CAD) models are created, then scans of each page are overlaid to produce a virtual book. Finally, interactivity is programmed in to allow people to turn the pages using a touch screen or mouse.

29 21st Century Citizen Citizenship became part of the National Curriculum in 2002 and we launched 21st Century Citizen to support students’ research. The website, part of www.bl.uk/learning, gets them thinking about democracy, utopia, nationalism, families and crime. It is being developed with the help of teachers and students around the UK and was funded by the Government’s Invest to Save programme.

Images Online Images from our collection constantly appear on TV and websites, in books, newspapers, greetings cards and adverts. Now we’ve digitised thousands of brilliant pictures, and our Images Online website makes finding, buying and receiving them an easy matter. 37139 British Library 18/7/03 7:41 pm Page 38

Antony Gormley’s Planets Antony Gormley, Angel of the North sculptor and Turner Prize-winner, created a new sculpture, Planets, for the Library’s piazza. It depicts human forms clinging to the surface of boulders, and its unveiling was celebrated by a specially commissioned poem from Simon Armitage. Planets was made possible by generous donations from John Ritblat and the Henry Moore Foundation.

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Record Book British Library 2002/2003

SUPPORT FOR THE LIBRARY FROM DONORS AND SPONSORS 2002/03

The Board and staff of the British Library are extremely grateful to the following for their generous support this year. See how it all adds up. Our support, performance, operations, governance and financial management made clear. Anonymous donors American Trust for the Benefactors to Adopt a Book Patrons and Corporate The Mary Andrews Charitable British Library Our thanks to all those who Benefactors of the National Life Foundation Chairman’s Council adopted books in 2002/03, Story Collection The Arimathea Charitable Trust Mr George B Adams including: Amerada Hess A Bary Mrs Charlotte P Armstrong Mr Sahib Ahluwalia Baxters of Speyside The John S. Cohen Foundation Mr Roger S Baskes The American School in London The Grocers’ Charity Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation Mrs Christopher Chen The American Trust for the English Heritage Dr Carl Djerassi and Dr Paul Cushman Jr British Library Inner Temple Professor Diane Middlebrook Mary, Viscountess Eccles M D Boulton Jerwood Foundation The Dulverton Trust (honorary member) Ms Stephanie Brada The John S Cohen Foundation Mary, Viscountess Eccles Mr Ronald M. Freeman The Canadian High Commission Lord Laing The Foyle Foundation Mr William T. Golden Mrs Ingrid FitzGerald London Institute Friends of the British Library Mr Lansing Lamont Miss R A M Green (Camberwell School of Arts) Friends of the National Libraries Mr William R. Miller Felicia Head London Institute Heritage Lottery Fund Mr Howard Phipps, Jr Frances Hendrix (London College of Fashion) The International Music and Art Mr Edgar A. Robinson* Amanda Jagger David Mann Foundation Mr Arthur Ross Mrs Stephanie Kenna New Art Centre Sculpture Park Jerwood Charitable Foundation Mrs Jane Gregory Rubin Mrs Irene Kreitman and Trust The Kirby Laing Foundation Mr James B. Sitrick Izzy Lane Nicholas & Judith Goodison The Carole and Geoffrey Lawson Mr Stephen Stamas Mrs J C Macleod Charitable Trust Foundation Dr Prudence L. Steiner Rebeccah Neff Northern Foods Plc John Lyon’s Charity Mrs Michael von Clemm Martha del Nido The Paul Hamlyn Foundation The Andrew W Mellon Foundation and other members of Queenswood School The Paul Mellon Centre for The Mercers’ Charitable The American Trust for the Veetee Rice Ltd Studies in British Art Foundation British Library The Sikh Education Council Pentagram Design Ltd National Art Collections Fund Mrs Elisabeth J Stodel-Carr PF Charitable Trust Pearson plc * deceased Miss Mary Woodhouse Roxanne Levy Rosoman The Penny Trust TotalFinaElf The Pilgrim Trust TransOcean John Ritblat and the Ritblat Family Unwin Charitable Trust The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Wolff Olins Sackler Foundation Brian F Wruble Mrs R Sacks Yale Center for British Art Standard Chartered Bank The Staypar Charitable Trust Bernard Sunley Charitable Foundation Garfield Weston Foundation Eva Ziegler

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Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FUNDING AGREEMENT AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS The Funding Agreement is the principal sponsorship and planning document between the Department for Culture, Media and Sport and the British Library, and sets out the outputs and levels of performance that the Library is expected to deliver to achieve Ministerial objectives. This section contains the Funding Agreement indicators and the other key performance indicators used by the Library to measure performance. Performance Against Funding Agreement Targets 2002/03 The Library’s achievements against the targets are set out in the table below. The table enables performance in 2002/03 to be compared with performance in the previous four years.

Measure Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual 1 We are constantly refining and improving 2002-03 2002-03 2001-02 2001-02 2000-01 2000-01 1999-00 1999-00 1998-99 1998-99 the accuracy of our measures. The method Quality for calculating Reading Room visits Reading Room user satisfaction: changed in 2002/03. We now count the percentage of Readers describing the services and number of readers who request one or facilities they used as either “excellent” or “good” 90% 92%A 89% 90% 89% 94% n/a 89% n/a n/a more items per day rather than taking a head count at a certain time in the day. The use of this new methodology means Exhibition visitors rating the quality of that the figures are lower than previously their visit as either “excellent” or “good” 98% 98% 98% 99% n/a 98% n/a n/a n/a n/a reported. However experienced Reading Room staff report that the Reading Rooms User satisfaction rating for UK remote are busier than ever. users of Document Supply 80% 82% 85% 81% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 85% 2 The introduction of new interfaces has Throughput facilitated access to the website, and Reading Room visits1 384,500 407,729 466,600 431,525 485,300 456,144 502,750 446,754 405,000 416,418 has led to increased usage.

Searches of the British Library Public Catalogue2 7,200,000 8,490,040 7,500,000 6,876,148 6,000,000 6,392,259 3,900,000 5,135,658 2,340,000 3,643,008 3 The variations in cataloguing output reflect the uneven pattern of adding Items supplied remotely and supplied/consulted large quantities of derived records for in Reading Rooms 7,464,902 8,182,428 8,967,441 8,515,227 8,927,500 8,322,223 9,420,550 8,188,357 9,036,226 8,254,442 retrospective holdings to the Sound Archive’s catalogue of sound recordings. Visits to exhibitions 350,000 382,458 B 350,000 365,792 300,000 370,188 300,000 318,429 250,000 n/a Cataloguing output for other areas has increased from 273,287 in 1998/99 Number of schoolchildren attending workshops 5,000 6,679 4,950 7,604 4,950 6,436 n/a 5,985 n/a 7,866 to 311,085 in 2002/03.

4 The initial target, set at the beginning Catalogue records created3 565,000 618,661C 397,544 571,711 790,980 809,331 653,984 375,870 781,733 743,212 of the year, was for viewings of three sets of digitised images available at that National Curriculum learning resources available time on the Library’s website. During 975 906 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a on the BL’s website and the National Grid for Learning 600 550 n/a the year the Library added further sets of digitised images to the web and therefore Digital images created 500,000 527,177 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a exceeded the original target considerably. There were 1,574,972 viewings of the Pages of digitised material viewed over the web4 1,000,000 4,677,049 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a images for which the original target had been 1,000,000. Efficiency Sick leave per staff member 9 9.47D 7 9.01 n/a 7.58 n/a 8.47 n/a 8.62

A READING ROOM USER SATISFACTION B VISITS TO EXHIBITIONS CCATALOGUE RECORDS CREATED D SICK LEAVE PER STAFF MEMBER We have maintained a very high satisfaction rate from our Readers We welcomed over 16,000 more visitors than last year. In addition to We created 618,661 new catalogue records this year, exceeding our We fell short of our sick leave target by 5% and have put in by taking note of feedback received through our regular surveys. our permanent gallery of major treasures, our learning gallery and our target by 9%. This benefits researchers and the business community place a corporate programme to actively manage such absence. Over the past year we have made improvements to benefit Readers regularly changing topical displays, we ran three popular and diverse who want rapid access to new publications. with disabilities; we have taken action to keep noise to a minimum exhibitions: and we have increased the number of educational sessions to help our Readers make better use of the collections and services available Trading Places, the East India Company and Asia, to them. from May to September 2002

Magic Pencil, held jointly with the British Council and featuring the work of 13 contemporary illustrators of children’s books, from November 2002 to March 2003

50 years of Number Ones, celebrating the UK pop charts, from November 2002 to March 2003.

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Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FUNDING AGREEMENT AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Performance Against Other Key Performance Targets 2002/03 The Library’s achievements against its other key performance targets are set out in the table below.

Measure Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual 1 These figures are reported on a 2002-03 2002-03 2001-02 2001-02 2000-01 2000-01 1999-00 1999-00 1998-99 1998-99 cash basis. Financial performance1 Expenditure on acquisition of digital material £1.24m £1.36m £1.01m £1.11m £0.91m £1.01m £0.79m £0.93m n/a £0.34m 2 These are loans to individual institutions, not numbers of items lent. The average Quality number of items per loan in 2002/03 Percentage of material held onsite delivered in was 4. St Pancras Reading Rooms within 70 mins 90% 92% 90% 91% 90% 85% n/a n/a n/a n/a 3 Figures reflect acquisition by purchase, Throughput donation, exchange and through legal deposit. Exhibition loans to other institutions2 50 34 50 61 50 69 50 46 21 7 4 The figures for 2001/02 have Items acquired:3 been revised since publication of Books 178,000 193,430 177,523 187,324 174,700 188,113 167,900 180,146 146,500 173,717 the 2001/02 Annual Report. Serial titles 110,000 106,125 107,408 112,369 129,250 118,429 110,400 98,281 109,773 107,763 Newspaper issues 179,800 175,738 185,800 172,949 189,500 181,580 189,500 188,331 208,000 187,424 Patent specifications 2,000,000 2,051,470 1,750,000 1,992,763 1,800,000 1,736,444 1,700,000 1,748,178 1,045,000 1,806,985 Other special materials 164,500 165,244 168,840 172,676 212,150 160,631 269,450 182,559 269,450 230,184 Electronic titles (voluntary deposit) 1,600 1,919 A 1,000 1,350 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Electronic titles (purchased) 380 355 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

Reader passes issued 61,287 61,302 62,500 57,212 72,800 58,653 77,050 65,212 51,180 45,744

Cataloguing backlogs4 438,000 437,792 444,340 475,232 368,375 427,072 391,951 403,543 367,793 377,176

Percentage of UK legal deposit material acquired 96% 96% 96% 96% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

Efficiency Document Supply – satisfied from stock 85% 84% 85% 83% 85% 86% 85% 85% 85% 84%

British National Bibliography ‘hit rate’ 85% 89%B 85% 85% 80% 88% 80% 85% 80% 84%

A ELECTRONIC TITLES (VOLUNTARY DEPOSIT) B BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ‘HIT RATE’ The British Library seeks new legal deposit legislation to enforce the legal The ‘hit rate’ is derived from an independent survey carried out by deposit of publications not already covered by the current UK system of UKOLN, the Office for Library and Information Networking at the legislation for print publications. At the same time, the Library receives University of Bath. It measures the availability of catalogue records from electronic titles through a voluntary deposit scheme with publishers. the Library’s British National Bibliography database. The figure of 89% The number of items received in this way is increasing. for 2002/03 shows that 89 out of every 100 items acquired by UK libraries could be found on the British Library’s database at the time the books were about to be catalogued, thus eliminating the need for libraries to create their own records.

36 37 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03 FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03 Figures illustrating the scale and breadth of the Library’s activities are set out in the following tables:

Service in the Reading Rooms Bibliographic Services

Seats available for users (at 31 March 2003) 1 This includes seating for typing, the Records in British Library catalogues and databases 1 These databases are available on the Reader desks Other provision1 Library’s Online Catalogue and other cata- (as at 31 March 2003) British Library Public Catalogue on Humanities 1&2 Reading Rooms 424 88 logues, microform, Internet and 2002-03 2001-02 our website. Rare Books and Music Reading Room 280 80 CD-ROM access and study carrels. Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED) 167,674 141,581 Maps Reading Room 37 21 British National Bibliography (BNB) 2,105,761 2,007,966 2 The Sound Archive’s catalogue of sound Oriental and India Office Reading Room 74 44 2 The Readers’ Adviser supports readers Boston Spa Books1 1,417,182 1,338,083 recordings is also known as Cadensa. Manuscripts Reading Room 72 21 with disabilities. This figure includes all Boston Spa Conferences1 459,833 445,906 emails, fax, telephone and personal con- 3 Available on the Library’s website. Philatelic Collections 1 0 Boston Spa Serials1 621,505 612,960 tacts. The method for calculating the Science,Technology and Innovation Reading Rooms 228 135 British Library Catalogue1 4,436,433 4,420,450 number of contacts has been changed 4 Titles of articles and conference papers Newspaper Library (Colindale) 77 76 Sound Archive Catalogue2,3 2,806,057 2,642,255 and comparable figures are unavailable made available through the Inside and 368,760 Boston Spa Reading Room 76 11 for 2001/02. English Short Title Catalogue 368,760 Zetoc services. Humanities and Social Sciences1 2,617,645 2,469,239 Total 1,269 476 3 2002/03 was year two of a three year pro- Incunable Short Title Catalogue 29,021 29,021 5 The total does not represent the number 3,4 gramme to make the most efficient Electronic table of contents c. 20,981,000 c. 18,750,000 of unique records. There is significant over- use of the Library’s storage and extend International Standard Serial Numbers (ISSN) UK Centre 69,579 66,747 lap between some files e.g. BNB Other Reader services the working capacity to accommodate an Manuscripts3 748,250 740,263 and Humanities and Social Sciences. 2002-03 2001-02 additional year’s growth. This followed on Maps 212,444 211,217 Reader education: training session attendees 1,041 591 from a major exercise carried out during Music1 278,025 271,915 6 Titles received by the end of the year. Readers’ Adviser service2: number of contacts 473 n/a 2001/02 to re-assess both the working Newspapers3 51,972 51,659 Reader satisfaction: comments forms/letters received 1,577 1,457 capacity and the ‘extent of the collection’. Register of Preservation Surrogates 187,724 178,043 The working capacity increased by 2 linear Science, Technology and Business1 399,990 392,168 kms in 2002/03 when storage space for- System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe1 828,579 780,271 merly allocated to the Booknet service (which ceased operations) was reallocated Total5 38,787,434 35,918,504 Storage to collection storage. During 2002/03 the gross increase in the extent of the material Kilometres of shelving and percentage occupied acquired by the Library was 10.8 km. The net increase in the extent of the collec- 2002-03 2001-02 tion was reduced to 5.1 km through the Working capacity: linear km3 651 649 ‘de-accessioning’ at Boston Spa of dupli- Items received on legal deposit 3,4 599 Extent of collection: linear km 594 cate material and the subsequent move of Percentage fullness 92% 91.5% stock to release a block of useable storage 2002-03 2001-02 space. Monographs 100,671 95,671 Serial issues 296,657 271,548 4 ‘Extent of collection’ stands for the linear Maps and atlases 2,169 1,994 length of the solid stock, plus the associat- Music scores 1,549 1,934 Website Usage ed growth spaces without which the collec- Newspaper issues 152,643 154,645 tion could not be used and Playscripts 421 466 Use of the Library’s website5 added to effectively. 2002-03 2001-02 Total 554,110 526,258 Unique hosts served6 1,815,805 1,370,689 5 The website provides a comprehensive Successful requests for pages (page hits) 18,427,973 15,240,617 guide to the Library’s collection and servic- Serial titles received 47,069 45,633 es. The site is available at www.bl.uk. Claims for items not deposited6 83,997 112,024

6 ‘Unique hosts served’ is the best approxi- mation available to the number of individual users of the website.

38 39 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FACTS AND FIGURES 2002/03 Figures illustrating the scale and breadth of the Library’s activities are set out in the following tables:

Collection development

Holdings (at 31 March 2003) 1 The figure for monographs is based on 2003 the number of records in the relevant cata- Monographs1 9,975,512 logues. It therefore relates to the number Serial titles (all)2 802,656 of titles rather than to the Newspaper titles (all)3 55,289 number of volumes held. Manuscripts (single and volumes) 311,045 India Office records 271,000 2 The figure for serial titles is also based on the number of records in the relevant Philatelic items 8,209,559 catalogues. Changes of title are therefore Cartographic items 4,290,080 counted as separate titles. However, the Music scores 1,587,067 figure includes official publications for 1,244,372 Sound discs many countries, a significant proportion Sound tape items 214,442 of which are issued in series and are there- Videograms 24,550 fore covered by single records Prints and drawings 32,587 within the catalogues. Photographs 213,159 Patent specifications 51,633,821 3 The figure for newspaper titles includes Reports in microform4 8,000,000 all items on the Newspaper catalogue Theses 656,920 (as well as newspaper titles listed in other catalogues) and therefore also includes weekly and fortnightly magazines as well as newspapers.

Preservation 4 A comprehensive survey of the Library’s microform reports holdings, not undertaken Preservation funding for several years, has resulted in a more accurate estimate than was available previ- £m (gross) 2002-03 2001-02 ously. The figure quoted in the Grant in aid 6.21 6.46 2001/02 report was 4,505,019. Donations/external funds 0.15 0.07 Sales income 0.34 0.26 5 ‘Other work’ covers miscellaneous pro- grammes and year-on-year fluctuations of Total 6.7 6.79 outputs are significant due to the wide range of programmes covered. The ‘Vocal Items preserved Music Parts’ project produced high 2002-03 2001-02 throughput in 2001/02. Conservation and/or rebinding 11,333 10,902 New binding 86,367 84,227 6 Details for work summarised against Minor repairs 35,340 25,170 preservation microfilming line of ‘Items pre- Boxing/other work5 37,580 127,318 served’ table above. Preservation microfilming 14,054 15,526 7 Figures for last year restated. Total 184,674 263,143 8 There has been a change in priorities Book cleaning/linear metres 10,849 9,609 for the programmes undertaken over 2001/02 and 2002/03 which has led to fewer frames for books, periodicals, Preservation microfilming6 record volumes and manuscripts in Frames 2002-03 2001-027 2002/03. Newspapers 13,031,509 13,829,403 Books, periodicals, record volumes, manuscripts8 2,603,416 3,442,888

Total 15,634,925 17,272,291

40 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

THE BOARD AND EXECUTIVE TEAM

The Board Executive Team The British Library Board is ultimately responsible for the development of The Executive Team has responsibil- Library strategy and policy and for overseeing its execution by management. ity for the day-to-day management of the Library. Under the terms of the British Library Act 1972, the Board comprises a Chairman appointed by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport and not less than eight, nor more than thirteen, other members MEMBERSHIP at 31 MARCH 2003 of whom one is appointed by HM the Queen and the remainder by the Secretary of State. Ministerial appointments to the British Library Board Chief Executive are subject to the Code of Practice and detailed guidance of the Lynne Brindley Commissioner for Public Appointments. MA FCILIP FRSA

MEMBERSHIP at 31 MARCH 2003 NEW BOARD MEMBERS Director, Finance and Corporate Resources Chairman Professor Robert G Burgess PhD Ian Millar BSc IPFA The Rt Hon Lord Eatwell of CG Rodney Leach MA Vice Chancellor, Stratton St Margaret MA PhD Director, University of Leicester Director, Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd Scholarship and Collections Deputy Chairman Sheila Forbes CBE Dr Clive Field MA DPhil FRHistS Professor Michael Anderson Secretary to the Board Civil Service Commissioner, OBE FBA FRSE Ian Millar BSc IPFA Chair of the Board of Governors Director, The University of Edinburgh Director, of Thames Valley University Operations and Services Finance and Corporate Resources Natalie Ceeney MA FRSA Chief Executive Duncan Lewis MA Lynne Brindley Simon Olswang BA Econ Senior Policy Adviser, Director, MA FCILIP FRSA Solicitor, Attorney at Law The Carlyle Group Strategic Marketing and (California) Communications Sir Henry Boyd-Carpenter Formerly Chairman, Olswang Jill Finney BA MBA KCVO MA (appointed by HM the Queen) Professor Dame Jessica Rawson Director, Formerly Senior Partner, DBE DLitt FBA e-Strategy and Farrer and Co. Warden, Merton College In accordance with the recommen- Information Systems dations of the Nolan Committee, Richard Boulderstone BSc Professor Linda Colley John Ritblat FRICS the Library maintains FRHistS FBA Chairman, a register of interests of Members Director, London School of Economics British Land Company plc of the Board. The register will be Human Resources and Political Science made available for inspection on Andy Cook application to the Secretary to the Assistant Secretary to the Board Board, who can also provide copies Secretary to the Executive Team Andrew Stephens BSc of the information it contains. Hannah Jenkins BA Head, Corporate Secretariat

Advisory and support bodies During 2002 the British Library commissioned an independent review The British Library is now working to establish a new advisory of its corporate governance and advisory arrangements with the aim framework comprising a re-constituted British Library Advisory of ensuring that these meet best practice for a public institution of our Council to advise the British Library Board. size. The review recommended inter alia that the Library’s existing formal advisory framework should be reformed. The new structure will be in place by the end of 2003.

41 37139 British Library 18/7/03 7:42 pm Page 50

Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

In the year 2002/3 the British Library received £85.19 million Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. This was made up of its operational Grant in Aid of £82.7 million and £2.4 million for restructuring.

In addition the Department held £5.7m of funding which the Library will apply to the construction of a Centre for Conservation to the north of our Library building at St Pancras. Plans for this project were developed during the year with a view to starting construction in January 2005.

Lord Eatwell Lynne Brindley The Library’s other income, £34 million, increased by 5.4 per cent. Chairman Chief Executive The largest revenue earning service is Document Supply where revenue dropped by 2.4 per cent against 2001/02, but overall margins were maintained at last year’s levels.

On 1 August 2002 the British Library Pension Scheme was closed and existing members and pensioners were transferred to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme. From this date the PCSPS takes on liability for payment of all pensions, with the Library taking responsibility for payment of employer contributions to the PCSPS.

Dr Clive Field Natalie Ceeney Ian Millar Jill Finney Richard Boulderstone Andy Cook Director, Director, Director, Director, Director, Director, Scholarship Operations Finance and Strategic Marketing and e-Strategy and Human 44 Foreword and Collections and Services Corporate Resources Communications Information Systems Resources 45 Statement of the Board and Accounting Officer’s Responsibilities

46 Statement on the System of Internal Control

Scholarship and Collections Strategic Marketing and Communications 47 The Certificate and Report of the Comptroller Responsible for strategic and operational management of the Library’s Responsibilities include developing the marketing strategy for our key and Auditor General to the House of Parliament collections, in all formats and at all stages of the life-cycle, including communities of users, taking forward the Library’s brand strategy and 48 The Accounts selection, acquisition, cataloguing, processing, storage and preservation. implementing it through design, marketing and publishing. Also Also responsible for the provision of a wide range of value added responsible for internal communications and fundraising, as well as co- 52 Notes to the Accounts services to facilitate access to, interpretation and use of the collections operative programmes with partners to extend the reach of the Library. by both scholarly and general audiences. e-Strategy and Information Systems Operations and Services Responsibilities include: the effective development, integration, and Responsibilities include providing the full range of Library services, delivery of all e and IT functions; the development and implementation including Reading Rooms and Document Supply, to all our user sectors of e and IT strategies for digital media; services, projects and across humanities, research, business use and innovation. Responsible for programmes; managing the delivery of the e-strategy and the IT change securing partnerships with publishers to enable distribution of material, programme; leading the development of e-business methods and tools. plus promoting the sale of Library services. Human Resources Finance and Corporate Resources Responsibilities include: devising and implementing the Library’s people In addition to financial management, responsibilities include corporate policies; negotiating pay and terms and conditions with the Trades governance and risk management; co-ordinating strategy and developing Unions; providing advice on HR issues to line managers; leading on business plans; and the maintenance and development of the Library’s strategic projects to modernise the Library’s people management estate. Ian Millar is also a member of the British Library Board. policies and procedures; and developing the skill base of the Library’s staff and managers.

42 43 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

In the year 2002/3 the British Library received £85.19 million Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. This was made up of its operational Grant in Aid of £82.7 million and £2.4 million for restructuring.

In addition the Department held £5.7m of funding which the Library will apply to the construction of a Centre for Conservation to the north of our Library building at St Pancras. Plans for this project were developed during the year with a view to starting construction in January 2005.

The Library’s other income, £34 million, increased by 5.4 per cent. The largest revenue earning service is Document Supply where revenue dropped by 2.4 per cent against 2001/02, but overall margins were maintained at last year’s levels.

On 1 August 2002 the British Library Pension Scheme was closed and existing members and pensioners were transferred to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme. From this date the PCSPS takes on liability for payment of all pensions, with the Library taking responsibility for pay- ment of employer contributions to the PCSPS.

44 Foreword

45 Statement of the Board and Accounting Officer’s Responsibilities

46 Statement on the System of Internal Control

47 The Certificate and Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General to the House of Parliament

48 The Accounts

52 Notes to the Accounts

43 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

FOREWORD STATEMENT OF THE BOARD AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER’S RESPONSIBILITIES

Constitution Pensions The British Library’s Management Statement and The British Library was established under Section 1(1) of the British During 2002/03 the Library transferred existing members and eligible Financial Memorandum with DCMS sets out the Library Act 1972 (the Act) as the national library of the United Kingdom. employees to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme (PCSPS) under roles and responsibilities of the Board, the Chair Section 1(2) of the Act placed it under the control and management the same terms and conditions as apply to the British Library Pension of the British Library Board, the duty of which is to manage the Library Scheme (BLPS). Further details can be found on page 55 at note 6a. and the Accounting Officer. It includes the as a national centre for reference, study and bibliographical and other following points: information services, in relation both to scientific and technological Reserves matters and to the humanities. The British Library has exempt
The Library’s policy on reserves is disclosed on page 53 at note 1k. Board members have a corporate responsibility to the Secretary of charitable status. State for ensuring that the Library fulfils the aims and objectives set Equal Opportunities out in legislation and complies with any statutory or administrative Objectives requirements for the use of public funds. The British Library Board is an equal opportunities employer and is Under Sections 1(3) and 1(4) of the Act the Board is required to make committed to promoting diversity. A full time Diversity Manager is
the services of the British Library available to the public (in particular to The Chair is responsible to the Secretary of State, on behalf of the now in post. The Library’s policy for training, career development and institutions of education and learning, other libraries and industry). It may Board, for ensuring that where appropriate the Library’s policies are promotion are in line with its equal opportunities policy and in this carry out and sponsor research, contribute to the expenses of library consistent with those of the Secretary of State, and that the Library’s regard disabled employees are treated the same as all other staff with authorities or other persons providing library facilities, and make any part affairs are conducted with probity. (S)he will ensure that all members respect to their aptitudes and abilities. The Library aims to develop an of its collections, or of its premises, available in connection with events of of the Board, when taking up office, are fully briefed on the terms of adaptable, well motivated and well trained staff, possessing a complex an educational, literary or cultural nature. Under Section 2, the Schedule their appointment and on their other duties, rights and responsibilities. blend of knowledge and skills in managerial, technical, scholarly and to the Act empowers the Board to impose charges for any services (S)he is responsible for advising the Secretary of State of the needs of specialist disciplines. provided or for the loan or use of any item from its collections subject the Library with a view to ensuring a proper balance of professional and financial expertise. to the approval of the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. Communications with employees Board Membership The Library is committed to developing effective communications The Accounting Officer is personally responsible for safeguarding the between all employees in order to keep them informed, motivated public funds for which (s)he has charge, for propriety and regularity in Details of Board members who served between 1 April 2002 and and able to support the Library’s users. Main communications channels the handling of those public funds and for the day-to-day operations 31 March 2003 are as published on page 41. include a staff newsletter, team briefing system and employee Intranet. and management of the Library. (S)he should act in accordance with the terms of the Management Statement and Financial Memorandum Accounting Conventions Key Objectives and with the instructions and guidance in Government Accounting The basis on which the accounts have been prepared is stated on and other instructions and guidance issued from time to time by the Details of the Library’s strategic priorities can be found on pages 10 to 12. page 52 at note 1a. Department, the Treasury and the Cabinet Office – in particular, the Treasury documents The Responsibilities of an NDPB Accounting Financial Results Payment of creditors Officer and Regularity and Propriety. It is the policy of the British Library Board to pay all creditors within 30 The Accounts provide a Statement of the Financial Activities (SOFA) of days of the invoice date unless there is a specific payment date agreed the Board during the year ended 31 March 2003. In accordance with with the supplier. For the year ended 31 March 2003, 90% of invoices Section 5(1) of the Act, as amended by Statutory Instrument 1986 No were paid within 30 days (2002 - 92%). Compliance in this matter is 600, the Secretary of State paid to the Board such sums as were necessary in accordance with the Better Payment Practice Code. to defray expenses incurred with his approval, so far as those expenses exceeded the receipts derived from the exercise of the Board’s functions Related Transactions Lord Eatwell Lynne Brindley and applied in such manner as required by Section 5(2) of the Act. Chairman Accounting Officer Details of related party transactions are disclosed on page 64 at note 23. June 27 2003 June 27 2003 The Accounts have been prepared to take account of the Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) 2000 “Accounting for Charities”. A Statement of Financial Activities for the year is set out on page 51. Code of best practice on corporate governance This shows all resources made available to the British Library Board A Statement of Internal Control is included on page 46 and the Library and all expenditure incurred by it and reconciles all changes in its funds. has achieved full compliance in this respect, as at March 2003. The British Library Board generated total income of £119.21m, of which Grant in Aid received was £85.19m. Sales income declined from £28.29m in the previous year to £27.07m, the majority of this being due to a decrease in the revenue generated from Document Supply. However, margins for this service were maintained at last year’s levels. There was a net increase in the movement of funds in the year of Lord Eatwell Lynne Brindley £16.09m. This was an increase of £9.72m on the unrestricted funds Chairman Accounting Officer and an increase of £6.37m on the restricted funds. The excess of June 27 2003 June 27 2003 income over expenditure of £9.07m before St Pancras depreciation and movements between revenue funds was principally a consequence of the fixed assets purchased during the year of £5.69m and the £3m receipt in respect of the Shaw fund.

44 45 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

STATEMENT ON THE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL CONTROL THE CERTIFICATE AND REPORT OF THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL TO THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT

In line with the responsibilities as set out above, In the coming year the Library intends to develop the process still further I have audited the financial statements in Basis of audit opinion by undertaking the following: the Chair, on behalf of the Board, is responsible accordance with the British Library Act 1972. I conducted my audit in accordance with United Kingdom Auditing for ensuring that appropriate arrangements exist
A review of the full register against the Library’s Business Plan These financial statements have been prepared Standards issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes objectives and key performance indicators to ensure that it still reflects examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and to implement and maintain the Library’s internal an accurate and balanced position and that all risk events have been in the form directed by the Secretary of State for disclosures in the financial statements. It also includes an assessment of control framework. The Accounting Officer is actively reviewed each quarter; the Departments for Culture, Media and Sport the significant estimates and judgements made by the Board and the responsible for making sure that a sound system
Reports on the main exceptions and the results of the quarterly and approved by the Treasury. The financial Chief Executive of the British Library in the preparation of the financial Executive Team review to the Board Audit Committee and the Board statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to of internal control exists and is maintained and on the same timescale; statements cover the Summary income and the Library, consistently applied and adequately disclosed. that the public funds and assets for which we
A review of risk by Directorates and a progress report on an exception expenditure account, the Statement of total basis to Executive Team each month; I planned and performed my audit so as to obtain all the information are personally responsible are safeguarded in
A full review of the risk register in the course of the planning cycle to recognised gains and losses, the Stament of and explanations which I considered necessary in order to provide me accordance with the responsibilities assigned make sure that longer term impacts are reflected; Financial Activities, the Balance Sheet, Cash Flow with sufficient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the financial to us in Government Accounting; and ensuring
Continuing to work with Internal Audit to develop managers’ Statement and related notes, and have been statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by awareness of risk and to streamline the risk assessment and monitoring error or by fraud or other irregularity and that, in all material respects, compliance with the requirements of the British approach by means of a rolling programme of workshops and prepared under the historical cost convention the expenditure, income and resources funded by Grant in Aid have Library’s Management Statement and Financial presentations; as modified by the revaluation of certain fixed been applied to the purposes intended by Parliament and the financial
The inclusion of risk awareness as a competency requirement within transactions conform to the authorities which govern them. In forming Memorandum. the context of the Learning and Development programme. assets and the accounting policies note. my opinion I also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the financial statements. The system of internal control is designed to manage rather than The Library has an internal audit service, which operates to Government eliminate the risk of failure to achieve policies, aims and objectives; Internal Audit Standards. They submit regular reports which include the Respective responsibilities of the Board, Opinion it can therefore only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance Head of Internal Audit’s independent opinion on the adequacy and the Chief Executive and the Auditors In my opinion: of effectiveness. effectiveness of the Library’s system of internal control based on the
As described in Statement of Board and Accounting Officer’s the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of affairs programme of work approved by the Board Audit Committee, together Responsibilities the Board and the Chief Executive of the British Library, of the British Library at 31 March 2003 and of the incoming resources The system of internal control is based on an on-going process designed with recommendations for improvement. to identify the principal risks to the achievement of policies, aims and as Accounting Officer, are responsible for the preparation of financial and application of resources for the year then ended and have been statements and for ensuring the regularity of financial transactions properly prepared in accordance with the British Library Act 1972 and objectives, to evaluate the nature and extent of those risks and to The effectiveness of the system of internal control is informed by the funded by Parliamentary grant (“Grant in Aid”). The Board and the directions made thereunder by the Secretary of State for Culture manage them efficiently, effectively and economically. The procedures work of the internal auditors and the executive managers within the Chief Executive of the British Library are also responsible for the Media and Sports; and necessary to implement the Treasury guidance set out in DAO 13/00 Library who have responsibility for the development and maintenance
preparation of other contents of the Annual Report. My responsibilities, in all material respects the expenditure, income and resources funded were fully established at 31 March 2003 as envisaged in last year’s of the internal control framework, and comments made by the external as independent auditor, are guided by the Auditing Practices Board and by Grant in Aid have been applied to the purposes intended by statement and are being applied in full in financial year 2003/04. auditors in their management letter and other reports. They will be kept under review and updated as necessary. the auditing profession’s ethical guidance. I have been appointed as Parliament and the financial transactions conform to the authorities auditor in accordance with the British Library Act 1972 and directions which govern them. In addition the Directors support the Accounting Officer in her role by
made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport I have no observations to make on these financial statements. As envisaged in last year’s annual report specific steps were taken in monitoring and developing the internal control framework in their own 2002/03 to achieve compliance and these included: areas in line with corporate aims and the governance framework set out I report my opinion as to whether the financial statements give a true in the Library’s Management Statement and Financial Memorandum with
and fair view and are properly prepared in accordance with and the A full review of the Corporate Risk Register by the Executive Team DCMS and with Government Accounting. To this end each Director signs directions made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, to ensure appropriate coverage of the Library’s strategic aims. a personal statement of compliance covering the areas under their control. This review was facilitated by the Library’s internal auditors and and whether in all material respects the expenditure, income and resources funded by Grant in Aid have been applied to the purposes endorsed by both the Board Audit Committee and the full Board; The Board gain assurance in their role from the work of the various sub-
intended by Parliament and the financial transactions conform to the Reference to the main risks to the achievement of our objectives Committees, particularly the Board Audit Committee, which considers authorities which govern them. I also report if, in my opinion, the other in the Library’s Business Plan and this forms part of the monitoring governance and internal control matters including all internal audit reports, contents of the report are not consistent with the financial statements, process we have introduced; external audit management letters and other reports, at each of its John Bourn
if the Library has not kept proper accounting records, or if I have not Directorate risks are reviewed on a monthly basis to support and meetings and reports to the Board following those meetings. The terms Comptroller and Auditor General received all the information and explanations I require for my audit. inform the higher level Executive Team process. In addition a quarterly of reference of the Board Audit Committee are based on the “Audit 7 July 2003 and monthly review by Executive Team has been introduced with the Committee Model Terms of Reference” published by HM Treasury. results of this reported to the Board Audit Committee and the Board; I read the other information contained in the Annual Report and consider National Audit Office
Continuation of the development of the approach to embedding risk whether it is consistent with the audited financial statements. I consider 157-197 Buckingham Palace Road management as part of day to day management through a series of the implications for my report if I become aware of any apparent Victoria workshops and training sessions with key groups. The appointment misstatements or material inconsistencies with the financial statements. London SW1W 9SP of a Head of Estates Risk and the confirmation of an IT Security Officer with risk identification and management as a main part of I review whether the statement on the system of internal financial Supplementary Statement by the Comptroller and Auditor General their role have further consolidated the approach in these two areas; control reflects the Library’s compliance with Treasury’s guidance The maintenance and integrity of the British Library website is the
The refocusing of the internal audit approach during the year to Lord Eatwell Lynne Brindley “Corporate governance: statement on the system of internal financial responsibility of the Accounting Officer; my work does not involve develop a programme based around risk while maintaining a Chairman Accounting Officer control”. I report if it does not meet the requirements specified by consideration of these matters and accordingly I accept no responsibility balanced approach with regard to control assurance. 27 June 2003 27 June 2003 Treasury, or if the statement is misleading or inconsistent with other for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements information I am aware of from my audit of the financial statements. since they were initially presented on the web site.

46 47 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

SUMMARY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES For the year ended 31 March 2003 For the year ended 31 March 2003

Notes 2002-03 2001-02 Notes Unrestricted funds Restricted funds Total Total £000 £000 2002-03 2001-02 Total income of continuing operations 119,212 120,900 £000 £000 £000 £000 Operating expenditure 110,140 112,296 Incoming resources Donations, legacies and similar incoming resources 2 102 6,060 6,162 3,283 Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure Trading activities in furtherance of the charity’s objectives 3 27,068 - 27,068 28,290 before St Pancras depreciation and movements between revenue funds 9,072 8,604 Investment income 4 468 327 795 710 Grant in Aid 5 85,187 - 85,187 88,617 Depreciation on St Pancras assets (full year) 11 (12,146) (14,007) Transfer into restricted funds 17 4,982 523 Total incoming resources 112,825 6,387 119,212 120,900

Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure 1,908 (4,880) Resources expended Costs of generating funds 396 - 396 239 All of the British Library’s activities are derived from continuing operations. Grants payable in furtherance of the charity’s objectives 272 - 272 448 Costs in furtherance of the charity’s objectives: Collection Management 37,912 1,163 39,075 38,229 Collection Development 14,445 1,034 15,479 14,826 Access to Collection 35,008 7 35,015 37,948 Wider Public Access 6,103 1,034 7,137 6,077 Bibliographic Services 2,832 6 2,838 3,527 Reference / Information Services 4,846 44 4,890 5,133 STATEMENT OF TOTAL RECOGNISED GAINS AND LOSSES Leadership, Partnership & Co-operation 3,053 455 3,508 3,988 For the year ended 31 March 2003 Management and Administration 1,496 34 1,530 1,881 Total resources expended 6 106,363 3,777 110,140 112,296

Net increase in resources before St Pancras depreciation and notional costs 6,462 2,610 9,072 8,604 Depreciation on St Pancras assets 7 (12,146) - (12,146) (14,007)

Net decrease in resources after St Pancras depreciation (5,684) 2,610 (3,074) (5,403) Notes 2002-03 2001-02 Notional cost of capital 8 (28,048) - (28,048) (27,267) £000 £000 Operating surplus / (deficit) on revenue income and expenditure 1,908 (4,880) Net outgoing resources after notional costs (33,732) 2,610 (31,122) (32,670) Current cost adjustment 11 15,399 16,938 Reversal of notional cost of capital 28,048 - 28,048 27,267 Realised gain / (loss) 17 (181) 40 Unrealised loss 17 (1,039) (43) Net outgoing resources before transfers 9 (5,684) 2,610 (3,074) (5,403) Transfer into restricted fund 17 - 4,982 4,982 523 Total recognised gains for the year 16,087 12,055 Net movement in funds (5,684) 7,592 1,908 (4,880) The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts. Realised loss 17 - (181) (181) 40 Unrealised loss 17 - (1,039) (1,039) (43) Current cost adjustment 11 15,399 - 15,399 16,938

Net movement in funds after revaluation 9,715 6,372 16,087 12,055 Fund balances brought forward at 1 April 456,804 3,912 460,716 448,661

Fund balances carried forward at 31 March 466,519 10,284 476,803 460,716

All recognised gains and losses are included within the Statement of Financial Activities and all the Library’s activities are classed as continuing. The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts.

48 49 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

BALANCE SHEET CASH FLOW STATEMENT As at 31 March 2003 For the year ended 31 March 2003

Notes 2002-03 2001-02 Notes 2002-03 2001-02 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Fixed assets Reconciliation of net movement in funds to net cash Intangible assets 10 777 - inflow from operating activities Tangible assets 11 455,898 449,021 Net movement in funds inflow 16,087 12,055 Investments 12 3,592 146 Depreciation 13,366 15,178 Loss on asset disposals 49 27 460,267 449,167 Realised loss on investments 15 - Unrealised loss on investments 23 - Current assets MHCA adjustment net (15,399) (16,938) Stocks 14 953 769 Increase in stocks (184) (409) Debtors and prepayments 15 11,048 10,582 Increase in debtors (466) (5,253) Short term deposits 207 9 Increase / (decrease) in creditors 19 (606) Cash at bank and in hand 16,832 12,674 Net cash inflow from operating activities 13,510 4,054 29,040 24,034

Current liabilities Capital expenditure and financial investment Creditors: amounts falling due Purchase of intangible fixed assets (802) - within one year 16 (12,504) (12,485) Purchase of tangible fixed assets (4,888) (1,632) Purchase of investments (8) - Net current assets 16,536 11,549 Receipts from sale of tangible fixed assets 20 13 Total assets less current liabilities 476,803 460,716 Transfer of investments from endowment fund and trust fund accounts 12 (3,516) (143) Net assets 476,803 460,716 Receipts from sales of investments 40 -

Represented by: Net cash outflow from capital expenditure (9,154) (1,762)

Income funds Increase in cash in the year 4,356 2,292 Restricted funds 17 10,284 3,912 Unrestricted funds: General funds 17 466,499 456,784 Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net funds Donated asset reserve 17 20 20 Increase in cash in the year 4,356 2,292 Net funds as at 1 April 12,683 10,391 Total funds 476,803 460,716 Net funds as at 31 March 17,039 12,683 The notes on pages 52 to 64 form part of these accounts. Net funds comprise cash at bank and in hand and short term deposits. The financial statements on pages 48 to 51 were approved by the Board/Trustees on 27 June 2003, and were signed on their behalf by:

Lord Eatwell Lynne Brindley Chairman Accounting Officer 27 June 2003 27 June 2003

50 51 Record Book British Library 2002/2003 Record Book British Library 2002/2003

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

1 Accounting Policies 1 Accounting Policies (continued) a) Accounting convention Depreciation is provided on all intangible and tangible fixed assets k) Reserves l) Notional costs The Accounts have been prepared in accordance with the accounts costing £10,000 and above, other than freehold land and collection The Library does not hold accumulated surpluses in the form of reserves. In accordance with Treasury guidance a notional cost of capital is direction given by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport items. Depreciation rates are calculated to write off the cost or valuation Grant in Aid funding is provided on an annual basis and is drawn down charged to the Statement of Financial Activities (SOFA) in arriving at with the approval of the Treasury, in accordance with Section 5(3) of of each asset, less estimated residual value, evenly over its expected according to forecasted spending patterns. a net incoming/(outgoing) resources figure. This cost is reversed so the British Library Act 1972. A copy of the accounts direction can be useful life, as follows: that no provision is included on the Balance Sheet. obtained from The British Library, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB. Any funds arising from an excess of income over expenditure are fully
Freehold buildings – over the remaining useful life as at the earmarked in the purchase of fixed assets or are fully earmarked to meet Accordingly, the Accounts have been prepared under the historical cost valuation date, up to a maximum of 50 years. commitments in 2003/04 and 2004/05. convention as modified by the revaluation of land and buildings and take account of the Statement of Recommended Practice “Accounting and
Leasehold buildings – over the lease term, up to a maximum Reporting by Charities,” issued October 2000, (the “SORP”), the of 25 years. 2 Donations Charities Act 1993, the Charities (Accounting and Reports) Regulations 1995 and generally accepted accounting practice so far as considered
Plant & machinery, office and computer equipment – 3 to 10 years. Donations received in the year include a £3,000,000 receipt in respect of the Shaw Fund, this disbursement having been approved appropriate or as modified by Treasury guidance. by the Charity Commission.
Motor vehicles – 4 years. In addition, modified historic cost accounting has been utilised to more fairly represent the current cost of the Library’s most significant assets, All items of plant and machinery at St Pancras are now depreciated where the comparison with historic values shows a material difference. on a consistent basis over 10 years. Previously some items had 3 Trading Income been depreciated over 5 years. This accounts for the reduction b) Incoming resources in St Pancras depreciation noted on the financial statements. Trading income includes document supply services and associated activities, computer information search and retrieval and publications. Grant in Aid received from the DCMS is allocated to unrestricted funds in Trading income can be further analysed by both business and geographical segments. the year to which it relates. f) Government grant Grant in Aid from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport is a) Classes of Business 2002-03 2001-02 Trading income is recorded on an accruals basis and is shown net of allocated to general purposes and is taken to the Statement of Financial £000 £000 Value Added Tax. Activities and recognised in the appropriate period. Access to Collection 20,304 21,363 Wider Public Access 2,448 2,586 Donations are included in the Statement of Financial Activities on a cash g) Stocks Reference / Information Services 368 451 received basis, or where they are assured with certainty and receivable Stocks are stated at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Provision Bibliographic Services 2,628 2,790 by the Balance Sheet date. is made against slow-moving and obsolete stock. Any stocks of Other 1,320 1,100 consumables held are considered written off at the time of purchase. Investment income relates to interest received on daily bank balances 27,068 28,290 and dividends from the Fixed Asset Investments. These are recorded on Stocks held in respect of bookbinding activities are recorded at cost. As an accruals basis. this stock is not of a general nature it would not be cost effective to test b) Geographical Segments 2002-03 2001-02 the realisable value in determining which provides the lower valuation. £000 £000 c) Taxation United Kingdom 15,911 16,600 The British Library has no sources of income liable to corporation tax and h) Foreign currencies Overseas 11,157 11,690 no provision has therefore been made. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the year end. Transactions in foreign 27,068 28,290 d) Valuations currencies are translated at the rate ruling at the time of the In line with Government Accounting, regular professional valuations of transaction. All exchange differences are taken to the Statement land and property are required to be carried out, having regard to the of Financial Activities. importance of the estate to the operation of the department, but in any 4 Investment Income event, at least once in every five years. Such a valuation was undertaken i) Operating leases as at 31 March 1999 and in addition, the St Pancras property was Costs relating to operating leases are charged to the income and 2002-03 2001-02 revalued as at 31 March 2000. expenditure account over the life of the lease. £000 £000 Interest receivable 795 710 e) Depreciation j) Fund accounting The threshold for capitalising assets is £10,000. General funds are available for use at the discretion of the Board in Total interest 795 710 furtherance of the general objectives of the Library. In accordance with Executive NDPB Annual Reports and Accounts Guidance, additions to the collection acquired since 1 April 2001 are Designated funds comprise resources which have been set aside at the capitalised and recognised in the Balance Sheet. The cost or value of discretion of the Board for specific purposes. The purposes and use of the acquisition is used, where such a cost or valuation is reasonably the designated funds are set out in the notes to the Accounts. 5 Grant in Aid obtainable. Such items are not depreciated or revalued as a matter of routine. Collection items with values below the capitalisation threshold Restricted funds are resources subject to specific restrictions imposed Total Grant in Aid made available to the British Library Board was £85.19m (£88.62m received in 2001/02); this included £2.40m for restructuring are written off when the expenditure is incurred. by donors or by the purpose of the appeal. programmes. This money is available for running costs, capital improvements and collection purchases.

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NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

6 Net Cost of Resources Expended 6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued)

Staff Other Depreciation Income Allocated 2002-03 2001-02 a) Staff costs 2002-03 2001-02 Costs Direct Support £000 £000 Costs Cost Net cost1 Net Cost Wages & salaries 47,542 46,276 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Social security costs 2,953 3,264 Direct Costs Pension disbursements 6,037 6,249 Costs of generating funds 170 226 - - - 396 239 Superannuation disbursements 429 1,998 Grants payable - 272 - - - 272 448 Collection Management 12,327 3,684 30 4,024 22,442 34,459 36,138 56,961 57,787 Collection Development 1,129 13,627 - 1,016 703 14,443 14,285 Access to Collection 15,029 3,780 115 20,304 15,678 14,298 16,110 Board Members’ remuneration (see below) 574 598 Wider Public Access 2,053 2,554 53 2,660 2,413 4,413 2,614 Bibliographic Services 708 926 4 2,654 1,170 154 683 57,535 58,385 Reference / Information Services 2,380 371 5 494 2,079 4,341 4,430 Leadership, Partnership, & Co-operation 1,578 754 - 1,806 1,146 1,672 3,185 Management and Administration2 667 863 - - - 1,530 1,881 Prior to the 31 July 2002 staff of the British Library Board were employed Superannuation disbursements are the costs up to 31 July 2002 for the 36,041 27,057 207 32,958 45,631 75,978 80,013 under very similar conditions of service as Civil Servants to whom the lump sums paid to former employees who have retired or transferred out Support Costs conditions of the Superannuation Acts 1965 and 1972 and subsequent of the British Library and who were members of the Library’s pension Information systems 3,884 3,953 449 33 (8,253) - - amendments apply. The British Library offers a non-contributory scheme, net of inward transfer values and additional contributions. Corporate services 15,287 19,982 562 1,166 (34,665) - - pension scheme to provide retirement and related benefits to all eligible Directorate costs 2,323 393 2 5 (2,713) - - employees. Pension benefits are provided on a final salary basis, at a As at 31 July 2002 the Library’s pension scheme liability is provisionally normal retirement age of 60. Benefits accrue at the rate of one eightieth valued by the Government Actuary’s Department (GAD) as £254.5m. 57,535 51,385 1,220 34,162 - 75,978 80,013 of pensionable salary for each year of service. In addition, a lump sum The main financial assumptions made by GAD, in calculating the pension equivalent to three years’ pension is payable on retirement. Members liabilities were: pay contributions of 1.5% of pensionable earnings, mainly towards the
The categories used in 2002/03 have been based on the Library’s strategic objectives. cost of providing benefits for their widow(er) after death. Pensions a discount rate net of price increases of 3.5% p.a.
When costs cannot be directly attributed to one of the Library’s objectives, they have increase in value, in line with the Retail Price Index a rate of inflation and pension increases of 4.3% p.a.
been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. a rate of earning increases, including the impact of promotion and On death, pensions are payable to the surviving spouse at a rate of half performance increments of 7.0% p.a.
In accordance with HM Treasury disclosure requirements, in respect of fees and charges, the member’s pension. On death in service, the beneficiary receives a a nominal discount rate of 8% p.a. the above table identifies the net cost of the Library’s activities, which is derived by lump sum benefit of twice pensionable pay and also provides a service deducting trading, donated and investment income from total expenditure. 1 Net cost is calculated by deducting trading, enhancement on computing the spouse’s pension. The enhancement The PCSPS is an unfunded multi-employer defined benefit scheme, and This segmental information is not disclosed for the purpose of SSAP 25. donated and investment income from total depends on the length of service and cannot exceed 10 years. Medical the British Library is unable to identify its share of the underlying assets expenditure. retirement is possible in the case of serious ill health. and liabilities. A full actuarial valuation was carried out at 31st March 1999. Details can be found in the resource accounts of the Cabinet 2 Management and administration includes On 1 August 2002 the Library transferred existing members and eligible Office: Civil Superannuation. the costs of Corporate Administration, employees of the British Library Pension Scheme to the Principal Civil In the 2001/02 Annual Accounts the Library’s pension scheme liability at Board Membership fees, legal fees, internal Service Pension Scheme (PCSPS) under the same terms and conditions. 31 March 2002 was stated at £294.8m, based on a valuation provided and external audit fees and staff costs by the GAD. GAD subsequently reported that this valuation should have associated with the preparation of the Pension disbursements up to 31 July represent amounts paid to those been £245.2m, as an adjustment had inadvertently been applied twice in statutory accounts. former employees who have retired and are receiving a pension. the calculation. From 1 August 2002 the pension disbursements relate to the Accruing Superannuation Liability Contributions payable to the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme in respect of existing eligible employees.

i) Board Members’ remuneration 2002-03 2001-02 £000 £000 Fees and salaries 316 343 Other emoluments 29 31 Pensions to former members 229 224

574 598

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NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued) 6 Net Cost of Resources Expended (continued)

Disclosures under the Greenbury Code for non-pensionable Board Members b) Other direct costs 2002-03 2001-02 2002-03 2001-02 £000 £000 £000 £000 Acquisitions for the collections 13,553 12,947 Professor Michael Anderson OBE 7.9 7.7 Research and other grants 272 448 Professor Robert Burgess 2.3 - Conservation and binding services 2,625 2,240 Sir Henry Boyd-Carpenter KCVO 7.9 7.7 Administration, equipment, supplies and services 33,903 36,176 Professor Linda Colley 7.9 7.7 Non-recoverable VAT (net) 983 902 Ms Sheila Forbes CBE 1.6 - Loss on disposal of fixed assets 49 27 Mr Charles Guy Rodney Leach 7.9 7.7 Mr Duncan Lewis 6.1 - 51,385 52,740 Mr Bernard Naylor - 5.6 Mr Simon Olswang 7.9 7.7 The above table is exclusive of staff costs. Professor Dame Jessica Rawson DBE 7.9 7.7 Mr John Henry Ritblat 7.9 7.7 Viscount Runciman of Doxford CBE - 5.8 7 Depreciation on St Pancras Assets

65.3 65.3 Due to the significant amount involved, depreciation on the total value of assets transferred in December 1997 from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, for no consideration, is shown separately in the Statement of Financial Activities. This amount represents a full year’s depreciation. No pension contributions were made on behalf of the above Board Members in the year. 8 Notional Cost of Capital

The remuneration paid and pension entitlements of the executive members of the British Library Board and the Chairman, were as follows: Notional cost of capital is calculated as 6% of the average capital employed in the year, excluding collection assets purchased and donated, and is required by the Executive NDPB Annual Report and Accounts Guidance. Age Remuneration Real increase in Total Accrued Paid pension at 60 Pension at 60, as at 31 March 2003 9 Net Outgoing Resources Before Transfers £000 £000 £000 Lord Eatwell 58 32.8 0.5 0.8 This is stated after charging. Chairman 2002-03 2000-01 £000 £000 Mrs Lynne Brindley 52 127.2 1.4 30.2 Auditors’ remuneration 49 43 Chief Executive Rent on land and buildings 1,328 1,275 Lease payments on equipment 742 606 Mr Ian Millar 43 92.0 1.2 3.6 Depreciation on St Pancras assets 12,146 14,007 Director of Finance and Corporate Resources Depreciation on other fixed assets 1,220 1,171

Board Members are reimbursed for expenses incurred in relation to the performance of their duties. 10 Intangible Assets ii) Senior employees Licences Total Cost £000 £000 The following number of employees, excluding executive members of the British Library Board and the Chairman, At 1 April 2002 - - received remuneration falling within the following ranges: Additions 802 802 2002-03 2001-02 Disposals - - No. No. £50,001 - £60,000 10 9 At 31 March 2003 802 802 £60,001 - £70,000 5 2 £70,001 - £80,000 2 6 Depreciation £80,001 - £90,000 - - At 1 April 2002 - - £90,001 - £100,000 2 - Charge for year 25 25 £100,001 - £110,000 1 - At 31 March 2003 25 25 In accordance with the SORP 2000, for 2002/03 emoluments are reported in bands from £50,000. 2002-03 2001-02 Net Book Value at 31 March 2003 777 777 The average number of employees during the year was: No. No. Collections and Services 1,866 1,870 Net Book Value at 31 March 2002 -- Library Support Services 443 478 All intangible assets have been valued on the basis of purchase price. The assets are all depreciated over a period of 3 years which is consistent with 2,309 2,348 the IT equipment that the licence supports.

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NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

11 Tangible Fixed Assets 12 Investments a) Movements 2002-03 2001-02 Land & Plant & Office Motor Computer Collections Collections Total £000 £000 Buildings Machinery Equipment Vehicles Equipment Purchased Donated Market Value at 1 April 2002 146 3 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Transfer of Investments into Restricted Funds 3,516 143 Cost or Valuation Purchases at Cost 8 - At 1 April 2002 458,370 25,637 10,792 81 9,107 449 20 504,456 Disposals at Book Value (52) - Additions 20 1,467 107 - 1,660 1,634 - 4,888 Increase / (Decrease) in Market Value (23) - Modified Historic Cost Investments written off (3) - Accounting (MHCA) 14,899 730 147 - - - - 15,776 adjustment Market Value at 31 March 2003 3,592 146 Disposals - (227) (19) (9) (3,409) - - (3,664) Historical Cost at 31 March 2003 4,175 141 At 31 March 2003 473,289 27,607 11,027 72 7,358 2,083 20 521,456 Analysed by: £000 Depreciation Fixed Interest Securities 912 At 1 April 2002 18,460 20,949 8,534 49 7,443 - - 55,435 Listed UK Securities 2,162 Charge for year Listed Overseas Securities 518 St Pancras Assets 8,072 1,770 2,210 - 94 - - 12,146 Other Assets 553 138 14 8 482 - - 1,195 Market Value as at 31 March 2003 3,592 MHCA adjustment 275 73 29 - - - - 377 Elimination on disposal - (199) (19) (5) (3,372) - - (3,595) Geographical Analysis United Kingdom Investments 3,074 At 31 March 2003 27,360 22,731 10,768 52 4,647 - - 65,558 Overseas Investments 518

At 31 March 2003 445,929 4,876 259 20 2,711 2,083 20 455,898 3,592

At 31 March 2002 439,910 4,688 2,258 32 1,664 449 20 449,021

13 Financial Instruments b) Valuations FRS 13 ‘Derivatives and other financial instruments’, requires disclosure Interest rate risk The land and buildings as at 31 March 2003 include six properties valued at £32,095,000 on 31 March 1999 and one building, St Pancras, of the role which financial instruments have had during the period, The Library has financial investments, which are identified in the revalued at £390,652,000 on 31 March 2000, for which title or lease has been vested in the British Library Board. in creating or changing the risks the Library faces in undertaking its following table. In addition, the Library budgets conservatively for activities. As permitted by FRS 13, debtors and creditors, which mature investment income and is therefore not exposed to significant interest Land Buildings Totals or become payable within 12 months of the balance sheet, have been rate risk. Site £000 £000 £000 omitted from this note. St Pancras Freehold 27,500 363,152 390,652 Interest rate profile Boston Spa Freehold 2,000 24,500 26,500 Liquidity risk The table on the following page shows the interest rate profile of the Colindale Avenue Freehold 2,825 2,750 5,575 Apart from Grant in Aid, the Library’s other major source of income is Library’s financial assets. As the Library has no finance leases or loans, Unit 3, Colindale Avenue Leasehold (short) 5 15 20 from Document Supply services. Remote document supply is demand- financial liabilities have been omitted from this table. 22 Micawber Street Leasehold - - - led and due to competition from other providers and an increase in the Building 25, Woolwich Leasehold - - - availability of electronic media from publishers, the income from this Bindery, British Museum Leasehold - - - service has been in decline. We now believe we have stabilised the service and are well positioned to grow share and net contribution in 32,330 390,417 422,747 the coming year. We are also actively exploring new income sources for the Library. The St Pancras site was valued as at 31 March 2000 by CB Hillier Parker, Surveyors and Valuers, using the ‘Depreciated Replacement Cost’ basis of valuation. All remaining land and buildings in use by the British Library were revalued as at 31 March 1999 by Rogers Chapman, Chartered Surveyors, using the ‘Worth for Existing Use’ basis of valuation.

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NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

13 Financial Instruments (continued) 17 Statement of Funds

2002-03 2001-02 As at Transfers Expenditure Incoming Realised and As at Floating Rate Fixed Rate Total Total 1 April To / (From) Resources Unrealised 31 March £000 £000 £000 £000 2002 Gains and Losses 2003 Sterling 19,208 912 20,120 12,444 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Dollar 318 - 318 166 Unrestricted funds: Euro 193 - 193 73 General Funds 456,784 - 103,110 112,825 - 466,499 General Funds Donated Asset Reserve 20 ----20 Total 19,719 912 20,631 12,683 Total unrestricted funds 456,804 - 103,110 112,825 - 466,519 Foreign currency risk Restricted funds The British Library has an international customer base. Accordingly, policies. Foreign currency balances are reviewed on a regular basis Shaw Fund 146 - - 3,159 - 3,305 the Library receives payment for its services in a number of foreign and these are either re-cycled to meet the Library’s immediate foreign National Sound Archive 579 2,039 84 81 (500) 2,115 currencies. As part of the Library’s Treasury Management Strategy, the payment commitments, or they are translated into sterling and Eccles Centre - 1,345 73 94 (300) 1,066 risk of fluctuations in currency values is minimised through a variety of returned to the Library’s interest bearing sterling bank account. Dingwall No. 2 - 806 22 24 (203) 605 Chinese Central Asia Database 718 (1) 326 114 - 505 Consolidated Endowment Account 471 - 140 95 (35) 391 14 Stocks Workshop Gallery 307 10 54 20 - 283 Treasures Gallery 173 - 15 52 - 210 2002-03 2001-02 Sir Henry Thomas - 239 21 7 (60) 165 £000 £000 Co-operation and Partnership 88 (3) 11 76 - 150 Stocks for resale 953 769 Special Exhibitions 118 - - 5 - 123 National Preservation Office 125 1 108 97 - 115 Total Stocks 953 769 Turning the Pages 97 - 42 42 - 97 Pearson Gallery 74 14 10 19 - 97 Stocks balances comprise printed, microfiche and CD-ROM publications. New York Public Library - - - 94 - 94 Anthony Panizzi Foundation - 121 6 4 (31) 88 T.S. Blakeney - 110 - 3 (26) 87 European Co-operation Fund 49 31 28 32 - 84 15 Debtors and Prepayments North American Collections 72 - 4 4 - 72 Sir Adrian Boult - 61 - 1 (9) 53 Malvine Project 51 4 18 13 - 50 2002-03 2001-02 NOF – In Place - (14) 1,230 898 - (346) Amounts falling due within one year £000 £000 Others 844 219 1,585 1,453 (56) 875 Trade debtors 3,798 3,941 Other debtors 2,236 751 Total restricted funds 3,912 4,982 3,777 6,387 (1,220) 10,284 Prepayments and accrued income 5,014 5,890 Total funds 460,716 4,982 106,887 119,212 (1,220) 476,803 11,048 10,582 Restricted funds are given to the Library for specific purchases for the collection or projects, which are related to the aims and objectives of the Library. All the funds with balances of over £50,000 are listed above, with a brief description as to the aims of the fund shown opposite. “Other” restricted funds comprise individual amounts less than £50,000. 16 Creditors

2002-03 2001-02 Amounts falling due within one year £000 £000 Trade creditors 7,278 8,498 Other creditors 1,785 2,029 Accruals 3,072 1,958 Deferred income 369 -

12,504 12,485

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17 Statement of Funds (continued) 18 Commitments Under Operating Leases

Shaw Fund Turning the Pages Land & Buildings Equipment Established by a Charity Commission order dated 13 September To fund the development of the Turning the Page electronic facsimile 2002-03 2001-02 2002-03 2001-02 2000, with the income being available for the general purpose of and licence to Northumberland County Council. £000 £000 £000 £000 the British Library. Operating Leases which expire: Pearson Gallery Within one year - -2638 National Sound Archive Sponsorship from commercial companies, utilised to assist the running Two to five years 182 140 40 105 For the promotion of and assistance in the study, understanding, and maintenance of the gallery. More than five years 1,171 1,189 - - communication and recording of sound. New York Public Library 1,353 1,329 66 143 The David and Mary Eccles Centre for American Studies A grant from the ‘Mellon Foundation’ to fund a joint project Founded by Lord and Lady Eccles to further the establishment of a between the Library and the New York Public Library to develop new centre for American studies. models for assisting scholars and for managing and disseminating scholarly information. 19 Analysis of Net Assets Between Funds Dingwall No. 2 Founded by Dr Eric John Dingwall, for the purchase of fine editions or Anthony Panizzi Foundation the subscription of foreign periodicals. Founded in 1982 by an anonymous donor, for the advancement of Unrestricted Funds Restricted Funds Total public education by funding a lecture or series of lectures on the £000 £000 £000 Fund balances at 31 March 2003 are represented by: Chinese Central Asia Database subject of advanced bibliography. Contributions to support the ‘International Dunhuang Project’ in its Intangible fixed assets 777 - 777 aim to catalogue, digitise and facilitate scholarly research on the TS Blakeney Tangible fixed assets 455,898 - 455,898 Dunhuang manuscripts held by the Library and other institutions Founded in 1977 by Thomas Sydney Blakeney, for the purchase of Investments - 3,592 3,592 in Europe, Asia and USA. western manuscripts. Current assets 22,305 6,735 29,040 Current liabilities (12,461) (43) (12,504) Consolidated Endowment Account European Co-operation Fund Total net assets 466,519 10,284 476,803 Founded in 1975, the fund is to be used for any purpose approved by EU funded project to establish a relationship between national the Board where there has not been adequate provision made through bibliographic agencies and publishers of electronic material, so government Grant in Aid. as to create authoritative bibliographic information.

Workshop Gallery North American Collections 20 Surrender of Superannuation Net Transfer Values to the Civil Service Superannuation Vote Sponsorship from commercial companies, utilised to assist the running A fund to enable the strengthening of the resources for and maintenance of the gallery. American Studies in the British Library. In the year only payments in respect of Superannuation net transfer values were surrendered to the Civil Service Superannuation Vote. Treasures Gallery Sir Adrian Boult 2002-03 2001-02 A donation from Mr John Henry Ritblat for the updating of displays Founded through a public appeal, for the use on commissioning and £000 £000 in the Treasures Gallery. production of recordings of musical lectures or similar functions. Superannuation net transfer values - 667 Sir Henry Thomas Malvine Project Founded in 1981 by Miss Amy Thomas, for the purchase of books A partnership with the Malvine Project, whereby the British Library relating to the culture and literature of Spain. contributes data and expertise to the development of an online access system to the modern manuscript holdings of European Libraries. Co-operation and Partnership 21 Capital Commitments Used for fees in respect of advice given by British Library staff on NOF – In Place library related lottery applications Funding from the New Opportunities Fund, administered by the 2002-03 2001-02 Department for Culture, Media and Sport, which aims to provide a rich £000 £000 Special Exhibitions variety of images, sound and texts in a virtual library of collections for Contracted and not provided for 486 241 Underwriting future exhibitions, interest from other funds and net the lifelong learner, consisting of materials relating to specific localities proceeds from corporate membership scheme. or regions across and beyond Britain. Authorised, but not contracted for 188 331 National Preservation Office Contributions to the cost of running the National Preservation Office, with the aim of progressing a national Preservation Policy.

During 2002/03 the remaining British Library Endowment and Trust Fund balances, which are controlled by the British Library Board, were re-classified as restricted funds and have been reported as part of the British Library’s Annual Accounts. The re-classification was approved by the British Library Board and covers 17 funds which were previously included in the British Library’s Endowment and Trust Fund accounts, for which a summary of the previous financial year is shown in Note 22.

The Charity Commissioners have endorsed the treatment of incorporating the funds into the British Library Annual Accounts for 2002/03, although formal approval is yet to be sanctioned, with this planned to be completed by the end of the calendar year.

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NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

22 Endowment Fund and Trust Funds

The British Library has an endowment fund and a number of trust funds, which in accordance with FRS2 were not consolidated into accounts in 2001/02. The British Library Board act as trustees for these except for the Panizzi, Gilson and Saga Trusts. The trusts have at least one British Library board member. The aggregated results of the funds are as follows: 2001-02 2000-01 £000 £000 Income 232 637 Sale of Exhibition Road - 2,342 Expenditure (417) (657) Unrealised losses on investments (99) (649)

Surplus / (deficit) for the year (284) 1,673

Investments 4,479 4,908 Special Deposits 409 628 Net Creditors (41) (4) Cash at Bank 412 534

Net Assets 5,259 6,066

The net assets at 31 March 2002 reflect a transfer of £523,000 from the Endowment and Trust Funds into the British Library accounts during the same financial year.

23 Related Party Transactions

The British Library is a Non-Departmental Public Body sponsored by During the financial year 2002-2003, the Library loaned material to the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. the National Gallery, the National Gallery of Scotland, the Historic Royal Palaces, the British Museum, the Imperial War Museum and the The Department for Culture, Media and Sport is regarded as a related Tate Gallery. The Library borrowed material from the Victoria and Albert party. During the year the Library has had a number of transactions in Museum, the National Maritime Museum, the Science Museum, the the normal course of business and at full arm’s length with the National Army Museum and the British Museum. The parent Department Department. The Library has also had a number of transactions in the of these organisations is the DCMS. normal course of business and at full arm’s length with most of the DCMS sponsored bodies. During the year a number of Board Members have contributed to the Adopt a Book appeal. In addition Mr Ritblat made a donation to the The Library received grants from the National Heritage Memorial Fund Treasures Gallery restricted fund. and the New Opportunities Fund for which the DCMS are the parent Department.

24 Key Performance Indicators

Performance against Funding Agreement targets 2002/03

Measure Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual 2002-03 2002-03 2001-02 2001-02 2000-01 2000-01 1999-00 1999-00 Expenditure on acquisition of digital material £1.24m £1.36m £1.01m £1.11m £0.91m £1.01m £0.79m £0.93m

The performance target for acquisitions relate to cash expenditure, correspondingly, the actual expenditure on acquisitions continues to be reported on a cash and not an accruals basis.

25 Post Balance Sheet Events

The voluntary redundancy programme is dependent on agreement by the Executive team at a meeting to be held on 30 June. Letters detailing the terms of redundancy were communicated to individuals on 2 June 2003, making it clear that the terms could be withdrawn. Letters confirming the arrangements will be sent to individuals after the meeting on 30 June. There will also be a communication to all staff confirming the arrangements. Thus conditions warranting disclosure of voluntary redundancies as a provision were not existent at the Balance Sheet date.

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