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The Mendel Newsletter
THE MENDEL NEWSLETTER Archival Resources for the History of Genetics & Allied Sciences ISSUED BY THE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY New Series, No. 20 June 2015 IN THIS ISSUE John Marius Opitz Papers at the American Philosophical Society — Charles Greifenstein 3 Animal Genetics Collections at Edinburgh University Library Special Collections — Clare Button 6 Rethinking Russian Studies on the Genetics of Natural Populations: Vassily Babkoff’s Papers and the History of the “Evolutionary Brigade,” 1934–1940 — Kirill Rossiianov and Tatiana Avrutskaya 15 Centrum Mendelianum: The Mendel Museum Moved to the Former Premises of Mendel’s Scientific Society — Anna Matalová and Eva Matalová 25 Resident Research Fellowships in Genetics, History of Medicine and Related Disciplines 36 THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY LIBRARY Philadelphia The Mendel Newsletter June 2015 The Mendel Newsletter American Philosophical Society Library 105 South Fifth Street Philadelphia PA 19106-3386 U.S.A. www.amphilsoc.org/library Editor Managing Editor Michael Dietrich Earle E. Spamer, American Philosophical Society Department of Biological Sciences [email protected] 215 Gilman Hall, HB 6044 Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 The Mendel Newsletter [email protected] [email protected] Editorial Board Mark B. Adams, University of Pennsylvania Barbara Kimmelman, Philadelphia University Garland E. Allen, Washington University Martin L. Levitt, American Philosophical Society John Beatty, University of Minnesota Jane Maienschein, Arizona State University Frederick B. Churchill, Indiana University Diane B. Paul, University of Massachusetts, Boston Michael R. Dietrich, Dartmouth College Jan Sapp, York University,Toronto Bernardino Fantini, Institut Louis Jantet d’Histoire Vassiliki Beatty Smocovitis, University of Florida de Medicine, Geneva The Mendel Newsletter, New Series, No. -
Stalinist Terror and Democracy: the 1937 Union Campaign
Stalinist Terror and Democracy: The 1937 Union Campaign WENDY GOLDMAN IN A PRISON CAMP IN THE 1930S, a young Soviet woman posed an anguished question in a poem about Stalinist terror: We must give an answer: Who needed The monstrous destruction of the generation That the country, severe and tender. Raised for twenty years in work and battle?^ Historians, united only by a commitment to do this question justice, differ sharply about almost every aspect of "the Great Terror":^ the intent of the state, the targets of repression, the role of external and internal pressures, the degree of centralized control, the number of victims, and the reaction of Soviet citizens. One long- prevailing view holds that the Soviet regime was from its inception a "terror" state. Its authorities, intent solely on maintaining power, sent a steady stream of people to their deaths in camps and prisons. The stream may have widened or narrowed over time, but it never stopped flowing. The Bolsheviks, committed to an antidemocratic ideology and thus predisposed to "terror," crushed civil society in order to wield unlimited power. Terror victimized all strata of a prostrate population.^ 1 would like to thank the American Council of Learned Societies for its support, and William Chase, Anton D'Auria, Donald Filtzer, J. Arch Getty, Lawrence Goldman, Jonathan Harris, Donna Harsch, Aleksei Kilichenkov, Marcus Rediker. Carmine Storella, and the members of the Working Class History Seminar in Pittsburgh for their comments and suggestions. ' Yelena Vladimirova, a Leningrad communist who was sent to the camps in the late 1930s, wrote the poem. -
Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr. -
3 'The Wrong Nationality' Shrenk, A
Jf 58 Elena Liarskaya predstavleniyakh narodov Sibiri i Severa vtoroi poloviny 19- nach. 20 vv., Innokenty Vdovin (ed.), Leningrad: Nauka, 106-28. 3 'The wrong nationality' Shrenk, A. ( 1855) Puteshestvie k severo-vostoku evropeiskoi Rossii chere:. tundry samoedov k Severnym Uralskim goram [A Journey to North-Eastern European Russia Through the Samoyed Tundra to the Northern Ural Mountains], St Petersburg. Ascribed identity in the 1930s Simchenko, Y B. (1990) 'Ponyatie 'ngadyuma" u nganasan' [The Concept 'Ngadyuma' Soviet Union 1 among the Nganasan], in Traditsionnaya obryadnost i mirovo::::renie malykh narodov Severa, Ilia Gurvich and Soia Sokolova (eds). Moscow, 6-33. --(1996) Traditisionnye verovaniya nganasan [The Traditional Beliefs of the Nganasan], Albert Baiburin I, Moscow: Institut etnografii RAN. Tereshchenko, N. M. (ed.) (1965) Nenetsko-russkii slovar [A Nenets-Russian Translated by Catriona Kelly Dictionary], Moscow: Sovetskaya entsiklopediya. Verbov (1937) Archive of the MAE RAN f 2 (Verbov fond, opis I, del a 65, formerly No. 149a) '0 shamanstve, zhenskikh zapretakh, okhotnichikh zapretakh i obychayakh, Official Soviet documents, such as circulars, decrees, and instructions, of the kosmogonicheskikh predstavleniyakh' [On Shamanism, Female Prohibitions, Hunter kind held in archives are customarily endorsed with stamps emphasising the Prohibitions and Customs, Cosmogonic Concepts]. (Record of Field Research, 1936-37). confidentiality of the material. 'Not for Publication'; 'Do Not Circulate'; 'Return after Reading'; 'Strictly Confidential'; 'Secret'; 'Top Secret' etc. This lays bare a feature of the Soviet (and indeed post-Soviet) legal system that is familiar to anyone who has made a study of the subject: its binary character. The public face of the law (as presented in the legal acts published in the Soviet press) was countered by a web of regulations that was created by officials for their own purposes, and carefully concealed from view. -
Lysenko and Russian Genetics
European Journal of Human Genetics (2017) 25, 1097–1098 & 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved 1018-4813/17 www.nature.com/ejhg LETTERS inheritance.6 Now it seems that Lysenko was not wrong in believing Lysenko and Russian the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Harper also mentioned Lysenko’s errors and crimes, as well as the genetics: an death of numerous researchers in genetics.1 The impression which one gets from reading this paragraph is that Lysenko was responsible for alternative view the death of these geneticists. We fear that this view is too one-sided and not supported by historical evidence. It is true that Lysenko disputed with Vavilov and many other geneticists on some genetic viewpoints. But we must know that Lysenko was a leading European Journal of Human Genetics (2017) 25, 1097–1098; Soviet scientist in agriculture and genetics. He was not the NKVD doi:10.1038/ejhg.2017.117; published online 26 July 2017 chief, thus he had no power to arrest geneticists. Lysenko himself repeatedly maintained that he was not personally responsible for Vavilov’s arrest and death. He recalled that the investigator of Vavilov ‘ We read with great interest the recent article Some pioneers of had come to see him and asked: ‘What can you say in general about ’ 1 European human genetics by Peter Harper. This comprehensive the wrecking (spying, counterrevolutionary) activities of Vavilov?’ review is very informative and highly appreciated. But a somewhat Lysenko replied: ‘There were and are some differences of opinion misleading statement needs to be reconsidered. -
Henry Shapiro Papers
Henry Shapiro Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2007 Revised 2010 April Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Additional search options available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms003072 LC Online Catalog record: http://lccn.loc.gov/mm95082704 Prepared by Michael Spangler with the assistance of Donnelly Lancaster, Lisa Madison, and Karen Spicher Revised and expanded by Nicholas Newlin Collection Summary Title: Henry Shapiro Papers Span Dates: 1920-1992 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1931-1973) ID No.: MSS82704 Creator: Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991 Extent: 51,500 items ; 151 containers plus 1 oversize ; 61.8 linear feet Language: Collection material in English Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Summary: Journalist. Correspondence, wire service reports, reference files, speeches and writings, and personal files pertaining to Henry Shapiro's career and writings as chief correspondent in the Moscow bureau of United Press International from the 1930s to the 1970s. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Brezhnev, Leonid Ilʹich, 1906-1982. Castro, Fidel, 1926- Ceaușescu, Nicolae. Cronkite, Walter. Walter Cronkite papers. Daniloff, Nicholas, 1934- --Correspondence. Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich, 1894-1971. Kádár, János, 1912- Lyons, Eugene, 1898-1985. Eugene Lyons papers. Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991. Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991. L.U.R.S.S. après Staline. -
The Lysenko Affair (1928-1981)
The Lysenko Affair (1928-1981) “De Lysenko Affaire (1927-1981)”, Komma, December 1981. Verkort en vertaald in het Engels als voorzet voor een mogelijke bijdrage aan een internationale conferentie over Lysenko in New York, 4 en 5 december 2009. A publication about Lysenko. Most readers will ask: who is that? Some will have met the term „Lysenko Affair‟ somewhere6. The Lysenko Affair has, amongst other aspects, much to do with the relationship of (natural) science, materialist dialectics and communist parties. For me this relationship was the motive to go deeply into the matter. I presumed that a fundamental cause was at stake, that had not lost its actuality. The reading of the Prologue of Althusser in a recent book about Lysenko confirmed my presumption7. Meanwhile the sources about the affair are abundant8. The curious thing is that the principle sources are written from very different angles of incidence and that they are contradictory on 6 Paul Scheffer in KOMMA, 1979, 1 and 1980, 1 about The politics towards the intellectuals of the French Communist Party (PCF); Jean Ellenstein: History of the Stalinist phenomenon; Anet Bleich, Max van Weezel: Go to Siberia yourself; Ger Harmsen: speech on a seminar (1980) about Stalinism, and so on. 7 Louis Althusser: Ended history or history without end? Te Elfder Ure, 25. 8 Zhores Medvedew: Rise and Fall of T.D. Lysenko, New York 1969; David Jorawsky: The Lysenko Affair, CAmbridge 1970; Dominique Lecourt: Proletarian Science? The Lysenko Affair, Paris 1977; Richard Lewontin major issues. Though, when relating all the data and events an image imposes itself: the pieces of the puzzle match. -
Stalin, Propaganda and Soviet Society During the Great
24 Feature STALIN, PROPAGANDA AND SOVIET SOCIETY DURING THE GREAT TERROR Sarah Davies explores the evidence that even in the most repressive phases of Stalin’s rule, there existed a flourishing ‘shadow culture’, a lively and efficient unofficial network of information and ideas oday a man only talks freely with his wife — at night, rian of the terror, has suggested that ‘Everyone was isolated. with the blankets pulled over his head.’ This remark, The individual, silently objecting, was faced with vast meet- ‘T allegedly made by the Russian writer, Isaac Babel, is ings calling for the death “like dogs” of the opposition leaders, often cited as ‘evidence’ of the climate of fear which prevailed or approving the slaughter of generals. How could he know in the Soviet Union at the height of Stalin’s ‘Great Terror’. if they were not genuine, or largely so? There was no sign of The terror swept through Soviet society in the second half of opposition or neutrality ...’. Although not without its critics, the 1930s, reaching a peak in 1937-38. Communist Party this has long been the prevailing view amongst historians. members, generals, writers, academics, engineers, ordinary Only recently, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the workers and peasants were arrested as ‘enemies of the peo- partial opening up of the Russian archives, has it been possi- ple’ on any pretext, and shot or sent to the Gulag. Despite the ble to unearth evidence which suggests that this may not have revelations from the former Soviet Union, there is still no con- been the case after all. -
Science and Technology--Transportation R&D
1,~OAI USE ONLYv R U AGENCY ORe INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHNtGTON. 0. C. 20623 IL BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY 1. SUBJECT A. PRIMARY ULAISI ' FICATION 16 8ECONDAMY 2. TITLE AND SUBTITLE other countries Soviet transport experience, its lessons for 3. AUTHOR(Z) Hunter, Holland OF PAGES i,. ARC NUMBER DATE I5. NUMBER 4. DOCUMENT AMC UR380.50947.H945 1968 204 p 7. REFERENCE ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS Brookings Publhhierso Availability) 8. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (Sponsotlng Oranisation# learn from Soviet transport? 8p., PN-AAD-0571 (Summary: What can developing countries 9. ABSTRACT (Economiics R&D) (Science and Technology--Transportation R&D) The government-operated Soviet railroad transport accomplishments. A study of do under favorable have shown what modern railroads can railrcads of the U.S.S.R. their alert, have maintained high morale among conditions. They are technologically rail of cost reduction since 1950. Soviet personnel, and have a remarkable record as the freight service, has handled most passenger service, while not as impressive for many years. This book, the sixth of the intercity passenger travel adequately series, analyzes the Soviet record in the Brookings Transport Research Program developed countries. In describing Soviet and its implications for developing and acknowledges the many differences between railroading accomplishments, the author but commends to developing countries Soviet objectives and those of other nations, modern railroad equipment that have con the energetic operating procedures and that industrially advanced countries tributed to the Soviet achievement. He believes transport policy problems by reviewing can gain useful perspective on their own view of the relation between Soviet experience. He challenges the conventional development by showing that heavy transport investment and general economic not precede the growth of agriculture and capital outlays for transport facilities need be expanded as the demand for it grows. -
Carrying out the Policy of Zoning in Middle Asia
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-9 Issue-1, October 2019 Carrying Out the Policy of Zoning in Middle Asia Normatov Otabek Maxamatjonovich, MamadaminovaBakhtigulAbdupattayevna ABSTRACT---This article highlights the processes of zoning (1926), Middle Volga (1928), Lower Volga (1928), policies implemented in Central Asia and provides information Northern (1929) Nizhny Novgorod (1929) and 5 regions: on administrative units in the newly created republics of Central Leningrad (1927), Central Chernozem (1928), Moscow Asia, the preparation of their borders and territories, as well as (1929), Industrial Ivanovo (1929), Western (1929). First, the the total population of the Soviet republics and autonomous regions. National-territorial delimitation and the creation of new provinces, counties and volosts that existed in the RSFSR Soviet republics and autonomous regions in Central Asia were abolished, the territories and regions were divided into necessitated zoning in Central Asia, including Uzbekistan. The districts (districts were soon abolished), and the districts distribution consisted of two interrelated aspects: economic were divided into districts, and districts into village councils zoning and administrative zoning. The ethnic composition of the (History of Russia of the 20th century, 2000: 240). population in Central Asia during the period of regionalization According to the Central Statistical Office (All of Central policy, various levels of economic and cultural development and other factors, including the abolition of provinces, regions and Asia, 1926: 90.), Uzbekistan has a population of Central districts in the Uzbekistan SSR, district commissions and regions Asian republics and autonomous regions (if we add the instead of administrative units. and the creation of rural (Soviet) Turkestan region as part of the Kazakhstan Autonomous rural councils. -
Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Wiley IIASA International Series on Applied Systems Analysis
Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Wiley IIASA International Series on Applied Systems Analysis CONFLICTING OBJECTNES IN DECISIONS Edited by David E. Bell, University ofCambridge, Ralph L. Keeney, Woodward.clyde Consultants, San Francisco, and Howard Raiffa, Harvard University. 2 MATERIAL ACCOUNTABILITY Rudolf Avenhaus, Nuclear Research Center Karlsruhe, and University ofMannheim. 3 ADAPTNE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT Edited by C. S. Holling, University ofBritish Columbia. 4 ORGANIZATION FOR FORECASTING AND PLANNING: EXPERIENCE IN THE SOVIET UNION AND THE UNITED STATES Edited by W. R. Dill,New York University, and G. Kh. Popov, Moscow State University. International Series on 4 Applied Systems Analysis Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Edited by William R. Dill Dean ofthe Faculty ofBusiness Administration, New York University G. Kh. Popov Dean ofthe Faculty ofEconomics, Moscow State University A Wiley-Interscience Publication International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester-New York-Brisbane-Toronto Copyright © 1979 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, nor transmitted, nor translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data: Main entry under title: Organization for forecasting and planning. (Wiley IIASA international series on applied systems analysis; 4) 'A Wiley-Interscience publication.' 'The foundation of the book was laid in two seminars, one held [1974] in Sochi (USSR) and organized by the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University, and the other held [1975] in Mohonk, New York, and organized by the Faculty of Business Administration at New York University.' 1. -
The Meaning of the Soviet Trials
University of Central Florida STARS PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements 1-1-1938 The meaning of the Soviet trials Emelian Yaroslavskii Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Book is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Yaroslavskii, Emelian, "The meaning of the Soviet trials" (1938). PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. 273. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/273 OF THE INCLUDING f HE OFFICIAL TEXT OF THE INDICTMENT OF THE BUKHARIN - TROTSKY ITE BLOC INTRODUCTION ' BY WILLIAM Z* FOSTER INTRODUCTION HE sound and the fury set up by the enemies of the Soviet Union around the Trotskyite- TBidcharin trials should confuse no one. The first workers' and farmcrs' government is today bring- ing to justice the last of the leading groups of pro-fascist plotters, promoters of war, and sabotages of socialist progress. The Soviet people are building a gteat, new, free society, instead of the old society where the rich exploit the poor; they are uniting the nations of one-sixth of the earth's surface into a sin- gle classless commonwealth. Those who are trying to stop this progress by treason and assassination, to betray the Soviet people into the hands of the fascist barbarians, must expect to pay the price of their