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Flora and Vegetation of Slavyanka Mountain

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Flora and Vegetation of Slavyanka Mountain 926 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 21 (No 5) 2015, 926-934 Agricultural Academy FLORA AND VEGETATION OF SLAVYANKA MOUNTAIN I. Y. ANEVA2, D. ST. DIMITROV1 and V. M. VUTOV1 1 BAS, National Museum of Natural History, BG-1000, Sofia, Bulgaria 2 BAS, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria Abstract ANEVA, I. Y., D. ST. DIMITROV and V. M. VUTOV, 2015. Flora and vegetation of Slavyanka Mountain. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 926–934 This paper describes the results of the Slavyanka Mountain vegetation investigation. As a result of it 1661 plant taxa belong- ing to 576 genera and 105 plant families were recorded. The most numerous representatives found were those of the families: Asteraceae (195 taxa), Fabaceae (135), Poaceae (128), Lamiaceae (88), Brassicaceae (85) and Caryophyllaceae (85). The distribution of taxa according to phytogeographical elements is as follows: Sub Mediterranean (240), Euro-Asian (223), Euro- Mediterranean (175). Sixty nine species of the flora of Slavyanka Mt are included in Red List of vascular plants in Bulgaria. Key words: vegetation, flora, Slavyanka Mt Introduction • Stefanov and Jordanov (1931) also describe the flora of the mountain. The first information on the flora and vegetation of Ali- • Rechinger (1933 b) is the first foreign botanists who writes botush (Slavyanka) is provided by Stoyanov (1922). He de- about the flora of Slavyanka Mt. scribes the different vegetation zones, which are dominated • The next one is Degen (1934), who reports 17 taxa of flora by coniferous species. of Slavyanka Mt. Then follow the contributions of Dry- Only in the northwestern part of the mountain there are de- anovski (1933a, 1934b, 1935, 1936), Drenovsky (1937). The ciduous forests of oak, deciduous shrubs and small formation author reports 129 mountain plants, 53 subalpine and 38 of Castanea sativa Mill. on limestone. The author describes alpine species. The contributions of Hermann and Stefanov the typical limestone hazmophytes: Saxifraga stribrnyi (1932, 1935) which report new taxa of Alibotush flora fol- (Velen.) Podp., Viola delphinantha Boiss., Daphne oleoides low chronologically. Schreb., Trachelium rumelianum Hampe and others. He de- • Georgiev (1935) describes the geological structure of Ali- scribes 83 plant species and analyses floral elements of sub- botush (Slavyanka Mt). Popnikolov (1937) characterizes alpine zone. The author makes a comparison between subal- the lichen flora of Alibotush (Slavyanka Mt). pine vegetation of Belasitza Mt and that of Slavyanka Mt. He • Stoyanov (1941) classifies Slavyanka Mt as belonging to the also highlights the more southern character of vegetation of floristic region of Northeastern Macedonia. Alibotush Mt compared to that of Belasitza Mt. He finds 40 • Kitanov (1943) reportes two new species of the flora of the taxa of vascular plants new to the flora of Bulgaria. Stoyanov mountain. Velchev, Bondev, Ganchev and Kochev (1962) classifies Slavyanka (Alibotush) as belonging to the type of also contribute to the flora of the mountain. the Atlantic-Mediterranean Mountains. The author reports a • Penev and Georgiev (1967) study the types of forest in the total of 329 species of vascular plants for the mountain. upper forest-steppe zone of Slavyanka Mt. • Stoyanov (1924) dicovers Malcolmia orsiniana (Ten.) Ten. • Toshkov (1971) provides data on reserve “Alibotush.” in Slavyanka Mt. A new contribution to the flora of Ali- • Georgiev (1978) describes the primitive metallurgy in Mar- botush is published in 1931 according to material collected vashko and the destruction of pine forests in the vicinity by A. Dryanovski (Stoyanov, 1931). Slavyanka Mt (Alibotush) during Ottoman rule. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Flora and Vegetation of Slavyanka Mountain 927 • Six new species of this floristic region are reported from families. Taxonomic structure of the flora of this floristic re- Kitanov, Koeva-Todorovska and Stoyanov (1983). Kitanov gion is as follows in Table 1. (1986) describes the vegetation of Slavyanka Mt. Two new taxa of the flora of this floristic region reports Delipavlov (1988). Data on the south side of the mountain (in Greek Table 1 territory) appear in Strid (1986), Strid and Tan (1991). De- Taxonomic structure of the flora of lipavlov (1990) describes the new for the science species Slavyanka Mountain Pastinaca argyrophylla Delip. Division Family Genera Species • New 61 species of vascular plants belonging to this region are Equisetophyta 1 1 4 contained in the article by Pashaliev and Dimitrov (1995). Polypodiophyta 9 13 22 • Dimitrov and Gussev (1995) report 5 new taxa for this flo- Pinophyta 3 5 12 ristic region. Magnoliophyta 92 557 1623 • Pashaliev (1995) reports two new taxa for the flora of Slavyanka Mt. • Five new taxa for the flora of Slavyanka Mt are reported by Dimitrov (2002). Flora complex (endemic and relict species) is as follows: • Goranova and Vassilev (2006) report two new species for the • Local endemic (3 species): Sedum zollikoferi F. Herm. et flora of the mountain with the aid of the spore-pollen analysis. Stef., Pastinaca argyrophylla Delip. and Crepis schachtii • A new species Sesleria robusta Schott., Nym. and Kotschi Babcock. is reported by Velchev and Vassilev (2002). • Balkan endemic (114 species): Pinus peuce Griseb., Viola • A new species for the flora of this region is reported by delphinantha Boiss., Sideritis scardica Griseb., Centaurea Hajek, Hajkova and Apostolova (2005). parilica Stoj. et Stef., Saxifraga ferdinandi-coburgi Kell. • Dimitrov (2010) reports 18 new higher plant species. et Sund., Saxifraga stribrnyi (Vel.) Podp., Saxifraga sem- • Ninety-one Bulgarian and seventeen Balkan endemic spe- pervivum C. Koch, Aubrieta intermedia Heldr. et Orph. cies are reported for the flora of Slavyanka Mt by Petrova ex Boiss., Malcolmia orsiniana (Ten.) Ten., Genista sub- and Vladimirov (2010). capitata Panc., Anthyllis aurea Welden, Festucopsis sancta • Investigations on the vegetation of the mountain are made Meld., Fritillaria drenovskyi Deg.et Stoj., Pulsatilla slav- by Karakiev and Tzonev (2011). jankae (Zimm.) D. Jord. et Koz., Viola grisebachiana Vis., • The ecological and floristic characteristics of Sideritis Viola perinensis Becker, Campanula orphanidea Boiss., scardica Griseb. populations in Slavyanka Mt are described Potentilla apennina Ten. subsp. stojanovii Urum.et Javor- by Aneva et al. (2013). ka, Onobrychis pindicola Hausskn., Abies borisii-regis • Five guidebooks of Slavyanka Mt. have been published: Mattf., Achillea ageratifolia ( Sm.) Boiss., Achillea chryso- Kisselov (1968), Pancheliev (1966, 2002, 2005, 2008). Infor- coma Friv., Achillea clypeolata Sm., Achillea pseudopecti- mation on the flora of the mountain can be viewed in scien- nata Janka, Alkanna stribrnyi Velen., Allium melananther- tific and popular articles of Dimitrov (1984, 1990 and 1999). um Pancic, Angelica pancicii Vandas, Armeria rumelica Boiss., Bromus lacmonicus Roth, Campanula jordanovii Materials and Methods Ancev & Kovanda, Campanula scutellata Griseb., Cam- panula sparsa Friv., Campanula velebitica Borbas, Carum The transect method has been applied for the investiga- graecum Boiss. & Heldr., Centaurea cuneifolia Sm., Cen- tion of the flora of the studied area. The diversity of vascu- taurea mannagettae Podp., Centaurea subciliaris Boiss. & lar plants was researched thought systematic collections of Heldr., Centaurea tuberosa Vis., Cerastium petricola Pan- materials during the vegetative seasons in 2011-2012. The cic, Cephalaria flava (Sm ) Szabo, Trachelium rumelianum plant nomenclature follows Kozuharov (1992) and Delipav- Hampe, Cerastium decalvans Schloss., Chamaecytisus ab- lov (2011), Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae (Jordanov, sinthioides (Janka) Kuzmanov, Chondrilla urumoffii De- 1963–1995) and Tutin et al. (1968–1993). gen, Colchicum doerfleri Halacsy, Corothamnus agnipilus (Velen.) Klask., Corothamnus rectipilosus (Adamovic) Ska- Results and Discussions licka, Crataegus heldreichii Boiss., Verbascum pseudono- bile Stoj. et Stef., Crocus olivieri J. Gay, Crocus veluchen- Vascular flora of the mountain (without Bryophytes) is sis Herbert, Tragopogon balcanicum Velen., Tragopogon presented of 1661 species belonging to 576 genera from 105 pterodes Pancic, Thlaspi belidifolium Griseb., Thymus at- 928 I. Y. Aneva, D. St. Dimitrov and V. M. Vutov ticus Celak., Thymus comptus Friv., Dianthus gracilis Sm., Table 2 Dianthus moesiacus Vis. et Pancic, Crucianella graeca The spectrum of families participating in the flora of Boiss., Trifolium trichopterum Pancic, Veronica rhodop- Slavyanka Mountain aea (Velen.) Degen ex Stoj.& Stef., Trifolium velenovskyi DICOTYLEDONAE Vandas, Digitalis viridiflora Lindl., Erysimum comatum Family Genera Species Pancic, Erysimum crassistylum C. Presl., Erysimum dre- Asteraceae 60 195 nowskyi Degen, Erysimum pirinicum Ancev & Polatschek, Fabaceae 25 135 Festuca penzesii ( Acht.) Markgr.-Dann., Festuca pirinica Lamiaceae 27 88 Horv. ex Markgr.-Dann., Festuca thracica (Acht.) Markgr.- Brassicaceae 37 85 Dann., Fritillaria gussichiae (Degen & Dorfl.) Rix,Galium Caryophyllaceae 24 85 aegaeum (Stoj. & Kitanov) Ancev, Galium procurens Eh- Scrophulariaceae 16 77 rend., Genista rumelica Velen., Goniolimon dalmaticum Rosaceae 18 70 (C. Presl.) Rchb. fil., Haplophyllum balcanicum Vandas, Apiaceae 46 64 Heracleum verticillatum Pancic, Herniaria nigrimontium Boraginaceae 15 44 Ranunculaceae 14 44 Herm., Herniaria olympica J. Gay, Herniaria parnassiaca Rubiaceae
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