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An Overview of the European Tax Havens
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Maftei, Loredana Article An Overview of the European Tax Havens CES Working Papers Provided in Cooperation with: Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Suggested Citation: Maftei, Loredana (2013) : An Overview of the European Tax Havens, CES Working Papers, ISSN 2067-7693, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Centre for European Studies, Iasi, Vol. 5, Iss. 1, pp. 41-50 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/198228 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ www.econstor.eu AN OVERVIEW OF THE EUROPEAN TAX HAVENS Loredana Maftei* Abstract: In the actual context of economic globalization, tax havens represent a significant obstacle for global governments seeking to increase their fiscal incomes and a source of polarization of income and wealth. -
MR BONAVENTURA MONACO VIENNA MAY 14Th
MONACO ECONOMIC OUTLINE A Unique Economic Model > Tuesday, May 14th 2019 MONEGASQUES’ SINGULARITIES 2 KM2 > 37 308 Second smallest INHABITANTS country +5% 1297 POLITICAL STABILITY 139 > 8 378 NATIONALITIES CITIZENSHIPS 22% MONEGASQUES’ SINGULARITIES MONACO ECONOMIC MODEL ENGAGEMENT 1 International strategic partnerships 2 Develop expertise / Maintain Diversity / Liberal Approach to Business 3 Sustainable development the economy’s core ENVIRONNEMENT ECONOMIC GOWTHMODELECONOMIC Carbon Neutrality 0% by 2050 PILAR # 1: INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIG PARTNERSHIPS INTERNATIONAL TRADE 2 988 M € 52% GDP INT. REPRESENTATION GLOBAL PRESENCE ONU / € / OECD > 130 Intergovernmental agreements > 120 diplomatic relations A sovereignty linked to the world A strategic location with great commercial potential European Union 510 million consumers Mediterranean Basin 272 million consumers Africa Monaco st 1 commercial partner apart from Europe FOREIGN TRADE: 2000 EXPORTS 1500 1436,3 EXPORTATIONS 1355,5 • 73,7% Europe 1208,2 • 13,5% Africa 921,5 • 7,3% Asia 1000 872,2 842,2 866,2 753,2 • 4% America IMPORTATIONS • 1,6% Near & Far 500 East 119 IMPORTS 0 TRADE BALANCE 2014 2015 2016 2017 • 80% Europe • 9,4% Asia -366 • -500 -434 6,6% America -570,1 • 3,4% Africa • 0.5% Near &Far East -1000 Foreign trade- balance of trade in M € - Period 2014-2017 Sources: IMSEE – edition 2018 / Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes (France) PILAR # 2: COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE • Rising knowhow in niche markets • Fostering diversification • Maintaining Balance INNOVATION Sectors of the Monegasque economy (as % of GDP) A diversified and balanced model within a liberal environment ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TOWARD INNOVATION IT +12% and still the best to come… STARTUP PROGRAM SMART PRINICPALITY INNOVATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION • Promote innovation, • Promote quality of life, • Create jobs and catalyze economic growth, • Deliver a new cycle of economic prosperity, • Strengthen local competitiveness. -
1. Trafficking in Women ______3 2
Directorate-General for Research WORKING PAPER TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN Civil Liberties Series LIBE 109 EN This publication is available in English. At the end of this working paper you will find a full list of the other 'Civil Liberties Series' publications. PUBLISHER: The European Parliament B-1047 Brussels AUTHOR: Carmen GALIANA, lawyer EDITOR: Andrea Subhan Directorate-General for Research Division for Social, Legal and Cultural Affairs Tel. (0032) 284 3684 Fax: (0032) 284 9050 E-Mail: [email protected] The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised provided the source is acknowledged and the publisher is given prior notice and sent a copy. Manuscript completed in March 2000 Directorate-General for Research WORKING PAPER TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN Civil Liberties Series LIBE 109 EN 3-2000 Trafficking in women Executive summary The principal objective of this study is to identify the characteristics of the phenomenon of trafficking in women for sexual purposes: its causes, structure and consequences, with the aim of increasing the visibility of the problem and bringing together a number of possible means of putting an end to this lamentable phenomenon, which is taking on ever more alarming proportions in relation to the violations of the victims' rights and its links to organised crime. Given the lack of documentary material on the subject, the attempt has been made to combine a wide range of material from disparate sources. These include: the documentation of the EU institutions; information provided by NGOs fighting this form of organised crime; information provided by governments and by Europol and Interpol; and information obtained from the press and the Internet. -
No. 1 Demography and Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia
Working Paper Series on the Transition Countries No. 1 DEMOGRAPHY AND HEALTH IN EASTERN EUROPE AND EURASIA Ayo Heinegg Robyn Melzig James Pickett and Ron Sprout June 2005 Program Office Bureau for Europe & Eurasia U.S. Agency for International Development 1 Demography and Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia Ayo Heinegg Academy for Educational Development Email: [email protected] Robyn Melzig U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington DC Email: [email protected] James Pickett U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington DC Email: [email protected] Ron Sprout U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington DC Email: [email protected] Abstract: Eastern Europe and Eurasia is the only region worldwide experiencing a contraction in population, which stems from both a natural decrease in the population (i.e., crude death rates exceeding crude birth rates) and emigration. The highest crude death rates in the world are found among the transition countries; so too the lowest fertility rates. This study analyzes these trends and attempts to assess some of the underlying health factors behind them. The report also examines the evidence regarding migration patterns, both political aspects (including trends in refugees and internally displaced persons) and economic aspects (including remittances, urbanization, and brain drain). 2 USAID/E&E/PO Working Paper Series on the Transition Countries September 2006 No.1 Demography and Health (June 2005) No.2 Education (October 2005) No.3 Economic Reforms, Democracy, and Growth (November 2005) No.4 Monitoring Country Progress in 2006 (September 2006) No.5 Domestic Disparities (forthcoming) No.6 Labor Markets (forthcoming) No.7 Global Economic Integration (forthcoming) The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in these working papers are entirely those of the authors. -
Automatic Exchange of Information: Status of Commitments
As of 27 September 2021 AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION (AEOI): STATUS OF COMMITMENTS1 JURISDICTIONS UNDERTAKING FIRST EXCHANGES IN 2017 (49) Anguilla, Argentina, Belgium, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Bulgaria, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus2, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guernsey, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Seychelles, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, United Kingdom JURISDICTIONS UNDERTAKING FIRST EXCHANGES BY 2018 (51) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan3, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Curacao, Dominica4, Greenland, Grenada, Hong Kong (China), Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, Macau (China), Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Monaco, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue4, Pakistan3, Panama, Qatar, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sint Maarten4, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago4, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Vanuatu JURISDICTIONS UNDERTAKING FIRST EXCHANGES BY 2019 (2) Ghana3, Kuwait5 JURISDICTIONS UNDERTAKING FIRST EXCHANGES BY 2020 (3) Nigeria3, Oman5, Peru3 JURISDICTIONS UNDERTAKING FIRST EXCHANGES BY 2021 (3) Albania3, 7, Ecuador3, Kazakhstan6 -
The Permanent Neutrality Treaties
THE PERMANENTNEUTRALITY TREATIES The present European war has thrown into sharp relief the status of those smaller governments which, although in nowise shorn of attributes of sovereignty within their own borders, have nevertheless been placed by virtue of most solemn inter- national guarantees in a position of perpetual neutrality towards all other Powers. They are not to wage offensive warfare, nor, if the obligations resulting from these guarantees are faithfully observed, may their territories be in any degree the theatre of hostilities. While the chief examples of this peculiar status,- Belgium, Luxemburg and Switzerland,-are plainly, by reason of restricted area and population, in no condition to cope with the greater powers surrounding them, it is not alone their lack of size or strength that has marked them out for permanent neutrality or neutralization, but rather their essential relation to the map of Europe and the many conflicting interests innate in its geographical outlines which have seemed to make neces- sary their fixed withdrawal from plans of rivalry or territorial ambition and the creation in this manner of certain inter-spaces destined for peace whatever may be the fate of their more powerful neighbors. The precise conditions of such a neutrality are to be found in a long line of treaties and agreements comprising within their horizon a great variety of objects. For the purpose of the present examination, however, we shall lay out of detailed view all aspects of permanent neutrality save those attaching to the three governments just named since to consider the various phases of the subject would require much more space than that at the disposal of a single article. -
Election Code
Act of 5 January, 2011 Election Code (Journal of Laws 31 January, 2011) Section I. Introductory provisions Chapter 1 General Provisions (Article 1 - Article 9) Chapter 2 Voting rights (Article 10 - Article 11) Chapter 3 Electoral Districts (Article 12 - Article 17) Chapter 4 The register of voters (Article 18 - Article 25) Chapter 5 Roll of voters (Article 26 - Article 37) Chapter 6 Common provisions on voting (Article 38 - Article 53) Chapter 7 Voting by proxy (Article 54 - Article 61) Chapter 8 Voting by correspondence in the electoral wards established abroad (Article 62 - Article 68) Chapter 9 Determining the results of voting in the circuit (Article 69 - Article 81) Chapter 10 Election protests (Article 82 - Article 83) Chapter 11 Electoral committees (Article 84 - Article 103) Chapter 12 The election campaign (Articles 104 - 115) Chapter 13 The election campaign in the programs of radio and television broadcasters (Article 116 - Article 122) Chapter 14 Funding of elections from the state budget (Article 123 - Article 124) Chapter 15 Financing of election campaigns (Article 125 - Article 151) Section III. Elections to the Sejm Chapter 1 General principles (Article 192 - Article 200) Chapter 2 Constituencies (Article 201 - Article 203) Chapter 3 Reporting of candidates for deputies (Article 204 - Article 222) Chapter 4 Ballot (Article 223 - Article 226) Chapter 5 The method of voting and the conditions of validity of the vote (Article 227) Chapter 6 Determination of voting results and election results in constituency (Article 228 - Article 237) Chapter 7 Announcement of results of elections to the Sejm (Article 238 - Article 240) Chapter 8 Validity of election (Article 241 - Article 246) Chapter 9 The expiration of the mandate of Mr and complement the composition of the Sejm (Article 247 - Article 251) Chapter 10 The election campaign in public programs, radio and television broadcasters (Article 252 - Article 254) Section IV. -
MONICA MONACO Founder
EUROPEAN REGULATORY CHANGES IN PAYMENTS: HOW IS THE “SAME • As for credit transfers, when a currency conversion CHARGES” RULE CHANGING IN EUROPE AND HOW WILL DYNAMIC CURRENCY service is offered by the payer’s payment service provider CONVERSION SERVICES BE OFFERED? in relation to a credit transfer that is initiated online directly at the website or at the application of the The European Parliament and the Council reached Building up on PSD2’s requirements in article 45 payment service provider, the payment service a political agreement on 19 December 2018 on (1c and 1d) for the transparency of charges and of provider shall inform the payer, in a clear, neutral and a Commission proposal to review and amend exchange rates prior to the transaction – on the side comprehensible manner, of the estimated charges for Regulation (EC) No 924/2009 covering charges on of Payment Services Providers (PSPs) – and on article currency conversion services applicable to the credit cross-border payments in the Union and currency 59 (2) for information from DCC providers at Point transfer prior to the initiation of the transaction. Moreover, conversion charges. The proposal was published by of Sale and ATMs, the new regulation allows for the payment service provider shall disclose the estimated the European Commission as recently as 28 March comparability between DCC and non-DCC for total amount of the credit transfer in the currency of 2018, which makes the agreement reached on the the payment service user. This is achieved through the payer’s account, including any transaction fee text in December the result of a fairly quick, nine- the following measures: and any currency conversion charges. -
Travail, Brussels, for a Preliminary Ruling in the Action Pending Before That Court Between
JUDGMENT OF 22.6.1972 — CASE 1/72 wage-earners or assimilated workers rocal agreement with the Member State who have worked for periods of time of which that worker is a national since in that State and are entitled to a pen such a condition is incompatible with sion there. the rule of equality of treatment which The grant of such a benefit to a foreign is one of the fundamental principles of worker who fulfils these conditions can Community law. not depend on the existence of a recip- In Case 1/72 Reference to the Court under Article 177 of the EEC Treaty by the Tribunal du Travail, Brussels, for a preliminary ruling in the action pending before that court between Rita Frilli, residing at Brussels, and Belgian State on the interpretation of Article 7(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community and Article 2(1) and (3) of Regulation No 3 of the Council of 25 September 1958 concerning social security for migrant workers, in relation to the Belgian Law of 1 April 1969 establishing a guaranteed income for old people, THE COURT composed of: R. Lecourt, President, J. Mertens de Wilmars, President of Chamber, A. M. Donner, R. Monaco and P. Pescatore (Rapporteur), Judges, Advocate-General: H. Mayras Registrar: A. Van Houtte gives the following 458 FRILLI v BELGIUM JUDGMENT Issues of fact and of law I — Facts and procedure On 16 December 1971, further to the ar guments put forward at the hearing on 18 Mrs Rita Frilli, an Italian national, born November 1971, the Tribunal du Travail, on 29 March 1908, was employed in Bel Brussels, Eleventh Chamber, decided to gium in 1966 and 1967 and has continued request the Court of Justice for a prelimi to reside there. -
Rytas Vilnius Partizan Nis Belgrade Alba Berlin As
ROUND 1 GROUP E RYTAS VILNIUS PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE ALBA BERLIN AS MONACO GROUP F RATIOPHARM ULM FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE GROUP G VALENCIA BASKET UNICAJA MALAGA CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE LIMOGES CSP GROUP H UNICS KAZAN ZENIT ST PETERSBURG CEDEVITA ZAGREB MORABANC ANDORRA ROUND 2 GROUP E AS MONACO RYTAS VILNIUS PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE ALBA BERLIN GROUP F LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE RATIOPHARM ULM FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR GROUP G LIMOGES CSP VALENCIA BASKET UNICAJA MALAGA CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE GROUP H MORABANC ANDORRA UNICS KAZAN ZENIT ST PETERSBURG CEDEVITA ZAGREB ROUND 3 GROUP E PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE AS MONACO RYTAS VILNIUS ALBA BERLIN GROUP F FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE RATIOPHARM ULM LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR GROUP G UNICAJA MALAGA LIMOGES CSP VALENCIA BASKET CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE GROUP H ZENIT ST PETERSBURG MORABANC ANDORRA UNICS KAZAN CEDEVITA ZAGREB ROUND 4 GROUP E AS MONACO PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE ALBA BERLIN RYTAS VILNIUS GROUP F LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR RATIOPHARM ULM GROUP G LIMOGES CSP UNICAJA MALAGA CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE VALENCIA BASKET GROUP H MORABANC ANDORRA ZENIT ST PETERSBURG CEDEVITA ZAGREB UNICS KAZAN ROUND 5 GROUP E PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE RYTAS VILNIUS AS MONACO ALBA BERLIN GROUP F FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT RATIOPHARM ULM LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR GROUP G UNICAJA MALAGA VALENCIA BASKET LIMOGES CSP CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE GROUP H ZENIT ST PETERSBURG UNICS KAZAN MORABANC ANDORRA CEDEVITA ZAGREB ROUND 6 GROUP E RYTAS VILNIUS AS MONACO ALBA BERLIN PARTIZAN NIS BELGRADE GROUP F RATIOPHARM ULM LDLC ASVEL VILLEURBANNE LOKOMOTIV KUBAN KRASNODAR FRAPORT SKYLINERS FRANKFURT GROUP G VALENCIA BASKET LIMOGES CSP CRVENA ZVEZDA MTS BELGRADE UNICAJA MALAGA GROUP H UNICS KAZAN MORABANC ANDORRA CEDEVITA ZAGREB ZENIT ST PETERSBURG. -
Open Source ID Cards? by Jason Kitcat, J-Dom.Org, Originally Published in Linuxuser Blunkett Has Gone but His Legacy, the Identi
Open Source ID Cards? By Jason Kitcat, j-dom.org, originally published in LinuxUser Blunkett has gone but his legacy, the Identity Cards Bill 2005, marches on. To many it seems almost unbelievable that MPs are actually going to be debating a bill on ID cards here in the UK. Follow me on a journey to see how we got here and where, if we’re lucky, we could go next. How we got here The 9/11 attacks on the twin towers and the Pentagon shocked the Western world into a sense of insecurity not seen since the Cold War. This public nervousness provided the political leverage the Labour government needed to bring ID cards onto the agenda. Fear of terrorism has been used by governments around the world to introduce authoritarian new measures in the name of protecting the citizenry. Here in the UK such moves coincided with the Government’s long tradition of centralising control to Whitehall. US demands for biometric passports along with mainland Europe’s development of ever more comprehensive identity schemes only acted to accelerate the desire for a British scheme. With both Jack Straw and David Blunkett revealing strong authoritarian streaks whilst running the Home Office, ideas that had seemed previously unthinkable were being floated. The notion of a centralised database of people in the UK that would store photos, fingerprints and iris scans must have been more than a little tempting to both Home Secretaries. However Straw and Blunkett shouldn’t have felt under too much pressure from our international partners’ apparent progress. -
Practical Information Guide
2021 PRACTICAL INFORMATION GUIDE CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN STUDIES JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY Update: 23.12.2020 0 PANDEMIC EMERGENCY UPDATE CONTENTS CES Staff: ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Administrative and Legal Issues ........................................................................................................................ 4 Before arriving in Poland / Entering Poland .................................................................................................. 4 Crossing the border ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Schengen area countries ............................................................................................................................... 4 Visa-free movement countries (non-EU/EEA) ............................................................................................... 5 Visa countries (non-EU/EEA) ......................................................................................................................... 5 Customs ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Legalising your stay in Poland............................................................................................................................ 6 How to apply step by step