MONTANA NEWS. Talist System OWNED and PUBLISHED by the SOCIALIST PARTY of MONTANA

Verts br tb* Party Abolish tkc Capi• •f Y*ur Class MONTANA NEWS. talist System OWNED AND PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF MONTANA

VOL V. HELENA MONTANA, THURSDAY, JULY 4 1907. NO. 34. Defense Pinkertons Union •lata nistorissl Ll&rvn • ed Up Exposed Veterans

Work of Combating Orchard's Testi Methods Shown Up of Spotters andReview s History of the Idaho and Col* mony Under Way—Long Array Thugs—Detectives Create Dis• orado Wars—Witnesses Tell Ex• of Witnesses turbance and Lawlessness perience of the Bullpen

Boise, June 27. sation with Sullivan in which he spoke Boise, June 29. falling out of the teeth and other crip• Boise, June 28. kangarooed in the courts, and false On Wednesday afternoon W. F. charges preferred against him. The defense is now well under way. asked Orchard if he had had a conver- W. W. Rush was the engineer who pling conditions. of Steunenberg, said he ought to be Davis took the stand. This is one of Borah searehingly asked him regard• It does one good to see the Westorn was carrying the train over the Flor• The Federation had corrected the killed, and that he would kill him him• the most valiant and dauntless char• ing the whole history of the Cripple Federation men (rather in to go on ence and Cripple Creek road on the abuses. The Butte union alone had acters in the whole ranks of the West• Creek war. the stand and uphold their accused self. night of the alleged attempted wreck. paid out a million and a quarter for ern Federation .He was accused of brother! with one voice, an 1 the con• Orchard denied the conversation The vagrancy notice issued by the He testified in the trial of the strike charitable purposes. stealing and running the train in the sciousness of the far-reaching power Mr. Richardson then asked if in a adjutant general was brought into tho committee in Cripple Creek that D. C. Coeur d'Alenes at the time the mill and necessity of their cause. And game of cards, in a saloon at Wallace This, he said, he had presented in limelight. This was one of the most was blown up. Tho mine owners de• they are such a bunch of stalwarts, in the fall of 1905, Orehard had told Scott gave him information that the his Salt Lake speech, a part of which disgraceful official documents ever is• clared he was on the engine and di• these undaunted western union men. of his troubles in the Coeur d'Alenes wrecking was going to be attempted, Borah had read. sued in America. It amounted to a to Frank Hough, spoke of Steunenberg rected the engineer, and he has been compulsory command to work under Many of th<>m have been shipped and asked if he knew of a good place Through the continuous efforts of by a vile name, and said he had no the Federation the eight-hour law for pursued relentlessly ever since by the, conditions the men were not willing to from camp to camp through the ven- on the road to wreck a train. It was persecutions of the mine owners He ge: nee of the mine owners. Some of right to live. the production and reduction of ores accept at this point that a few spikes were was a member of the strike committee them have been so bitterly pursued Ochatrd denied the conversation. has been established in all western Borah brought out the assaults made found to bo removed. in the Cripple Creek district, and was by the emissaries of the employing He was asked if he had a conversa• states. on Floaten and Richardson. tried with the other members of the class that they hav» Jeopardized their tion with James Ramey, a Btage driver The witness was a healthy, hearty, Mr. Boyce's testimony was a digni• During ibis dramatic presentation committee on the charge of attempted freedom by coming here to testify, in the Coeur d'Alenes. in April 1899, frank, young worker. The jury watch• fied account of the purpose of prole• every soul in the court room was a'.ert. wrecking of a Florence and Cripple and will probably be put under arrest in which he said he would like to sell ed his face most intently while he was tarian organization. The jury missed nothing. They were Creek train Davis was dismissed by before they can leave town. his interest in the Hercules for $400, giving his evidence. The very state• He went on to tell of the abolitin learning the realities of the great pro• the judge without letting the case go And a* one of them said, "We are as he had to leave the country ments of these men who do things car• of the script system, of the union in• letarian struggle that flows around to the jury He was obliged to leave all here to go to the river." Orchard denied the conversation ry vital might. They represent the sisting on doors and safety clutches our daily lives like a mighty sea ever Witnesses Called primal necessity of that conscious and the district when the union men were breaking over its fragile bounds. A working class that will hang to• being put on the cages, and the des• Lottie Day was the first witness useful activity that makes life pos• run out, and change his name in order gether like that in spite of bull pens, perate struggles they encountered from called by the defense The prosecution sible. The human mind turns with in• to get work jobbed courts, the blacklist, and other the mine owners to get these reforms On Saturday morning several wit• had first brought her up here from stinctive love and confidence to the outrageous persecutions will yet clear on account of the expense. While he was held in jail, his wife nesses from Mullen, la , testified Denver, but on closer examination they worker that maintains its existence. Thursday afternoon was a battle and baby both died. He is a big, the path of civilisation for their class Orehard was playing cards there while were afraid to put her on the stand, It is this basic dependence on the interests. to get in the evidence of the outrages noble-hearted fellow who has the con• and sent her back to Denver. The grapple with the material need that is the mill was blown up, and was not in The prosecution look puny, pusillan• against the W F. of M. The prosecu• fidence and sympathy of the entire defense then called her, and she made the substructure of the whole social• Wardner at all. These were Flynn, in imous and degenerate besi.les these tion kept objecting at every point, but Federation. He was moved to tears the journey again. ist position. big, intelligent, determined men, with Darrow said the state had covered the when the fact of the loss of his fam• whose store the game was played, and the light of serious purpose in their She roomed at the Belmont hotel, This grandeur and power of labor whole field and they had to refute it. ily were brought out on the stand. He Pat McCoyle, who was in the game. •yes. Far off from the progress, the over Pettibone's store in Denver at shall illumine the earth-life and make They had a right to show the counter- has jeopardized his freedom by com• The defense attorneys fought to loyal heart, the pene.-ons s^ mpathies the same time that Orehard was there. it glorious. conspiracy. ing here from Goldfield, as the mine prove the terrible conditions that pre• e* ivarkind are this? who will throw She testified that he had once told her This witness did splendid work for Mr. Boyce said he never saw Orchard owners are looking closely for a chance vailed in the Coeur d'Alenes after its ti>e'r weight against th I labor of the that he once loved a woman, but was defense. He showed there was noth• till in the court room, and that he to arrest him for the Coeur d'Alenes occupation by the militia. The prose- world. When labor is lifted up, man- separated from her by poverty, that ing to the "wreck" but a shamming never gave him a transfer card in difficulties. Orchard implicated him cution fought the introduction of this Iliad will also be lifted up, and the he might have been rich had it not put up by the employers to lay a trap Butte; that he had no authority to do in the blowing up of the Vindicator evidence, but were obliged to be quies- Western Federation is a part of labor been for Steunenberg, and that he for the union. so. mine at Cripple Creek, where the two cent. that is lifting itself up. would kill him because he stood be• Ed. Boyce, the first president of the The slate attorneys tried to show shift bosses were killed. When he Frank Hough was the man who was tween them. The prosecution attorneys looks un Federation, was called for the defense. that these reforms which the miners read Orchard Is testimony he imme- in the bull-pen and gave the testimony, He spoke of gambling to get some easy and out of place as one after Boyce is a character that is revered had askt-d for were also advocated by diately telegraphed to the attorneys He told of the wretched accommoda- of the miners' money and when Mrs. another of these witnesses come to the and loved throughout the ranks of various other agencies, and to min• of the defense that he would come to tions, the dysentery that prevailed Day spoke of the uncertainty of such Stand. They give their testimony in western unionism. He is a man of imize the value of the unions. Boise and deny the cowardly lie. among the prisoners, the stench in the a course, be said that he never went such full, clear, self-possessed decisive grand and noble impulses— one to Their foolish attempts only showed He said the Coeur d'Alenes story sir, no ventilation, 600 men packed like broke, for when he made any money tones. Their manner has the inherent whom the well-being of the working how little these greed-grabbers com• of his leading a thousand men to blow hogs, and a quarter of them sick, how he put some of it in Pettibone's safe dignity of men who know they are class was a perpetual aspiration. His prehend the economic push behind all up the mill at Wardner was a pure they could not get out to the one to be kept for him. right. Their very presence commands mind is broad and deep, and be conceding legislation. The economic fake. He was not on the train at all, loset, and guarded by colored sold• Mrs. Mary King, who kept a board• respect. brought the strength of his great abil• demands pace the rest. or connected in any way, with the iers. ing house in Cripple Creek, testified The prosecution witnesses had the ity to bear upon the problems of labor, Borah then read from Boyce's Salt blowing up of the mill. He knew Or• Simpkins was in this hell of torturs that B. C. Sterling, detective for the lifeless aspect of those who were talk with which he was thrown. He has Lake speech his advice to the miners chard only slightly, when he came to and one day for some trifling offense Mine Owners' Association, roomed at ing for mercenary purposes. The de• been for many years the personal to form rifle clubs. The extract was join the union at Altman of which was taken oat by these negro troops, her place, and that Orchard was often fense witnesses carry the force of friend of Debs who justly appreciate 1 taken from the "Criminal Record of Davis was president. and stood in the sun for six hours, and in his room, coming up the back way. those who are testifying for their his rare and beautiful nature. He the Western Federation of Miners," a He gave a most vivid account of the prodded with bayonets when he sunk Miss Frances King corroborated her convictions. held an interest in the fabulously pamphlet compiled by the "Colorado persecution of the union men; how he to the ground. mother's testimoney, thus proving Or• Impeacl v:cnt Questions. wealthy Hercules mine—the one in Mine Operators' Association, published was fired for belonging to the union, W. A mall, who worked on the Port• chard a perjurer in connection with On Tuesday worn ng Orchard T« which Orchard was compelled to sell in Colorado Springs." and blacklisted because he was a union land mine in Cripple Creek, owned by his other numberless crimes. brought or thni the defense at'ir- his share—and is to-day near the mil• This little quotation started some• man; bow he wandered over the coun• Jim Burns, which made terms with the neys might '-oncl'ide asking their im• Mrs. Alice Fitzhugh, who bought lionaire mark; and there is no one who thing. There was stir and confusion try looking for a chance to work; how union and continued operations by vir• peachment tji.eat'onf. of hi.n. ! he out Mrs. King, gave substantially the knows him, but rejoices at his good among the defense attorneys. They the military officers threatened if tue of having its own mill, told of the 1/i.nd march li.e thugs took pU ;9 same testimony. She said Orchard fortune. wanted to borrow the entire pamphlet union meetings were held they would atrocities perpetrated on the miners o. ».« more with 1 hnfsn leading • ' had come to see Sterling at least a It was in Boise jail, held there on from the prosecution and put it in as break them up. after the explosion, and how he es•

1 dozen times before June 6, the date Mr. P'cn.udscn afked the *rat 'i' • account of the labor troubles of 1899 an exhibit. Then Mr. Hawley thought He testified that he had advocated caped from the soldiers and the dis• of the depot explosion Htl as fj'l >w» in the Coeur d'Alenes, that he with the rest of the matter was immaterial peaceful measures both publicly and trict after being beaten up. C W. Aller, who worked in the rail• "Did you have a conversation with other labor men first formed the West• and irrelevant. privately at all times. He told of thi The sole offense with which he was road office at Cripple Creek, testified Max Malich at the Turkish baths, at ern Federation. He of so replied to Mr. Darrow asked Boyce to state to prosperity of the union in the Cripple charged was that he was a friend of that Orchard had frequent interviews the Windsor hotel in Denver, in which Mr. Darrowthat he had been sentence! what particular case his speech applied. Creek district before it was broken the Federation, Jim Burns and th* with D. C. Scott, the detective for the yon called Steunenberg a vile name, one other time to Boise, for two years With his voice trembling with sup• up by the mine owners, aided by the Portland mine. Florence and Cripple Creek road, and and said you were going to get away to tho stato senate. pressed feeling the union leader re• militia—of its fine halls, worth $">0,- The sensation of the day on Sat• was with him at various times for with him if you did not live twenty- Mr. Hawley was the council of the lated how, during tne Leadville strike 000, its four stores, its libraries, its urday was the testimony of Morris three weeks before the depot was hospitals. four hours afterwardst" union men that advocated the forma• the Missouri scabs marched through Friedman, the author of the "Pinker- blown up. Scott, Sterling and Orchard Orchard denied the conversation, but tion of a central body of the Rocky the streets protected by armed cit• The cross-examination proved a ton Labor 8py." This young man tes- were often together. said be had been in the Turkish bath Mountain miners. He said the mine izens, who called the women vile names battle royal between Davis and Borah, titled that he had been a stenographer The witness stood the cross examina• with Malich. owners had set the example. Mr. Boyce and butted them off the streets with in wLich the foxy lawyer went down in the employ of the Pinker-ton detec• tion splendidly The oountejB-eonspir- John D. Elliot was then asked to said the latter were organized in 1890 their guns, and that since that time to defeat before the proletarian giant. tive agency, and particularly engaged acies are now brought out in bold re• stand up and Orchard was asked if he at Helena. he had made up his mind that any When asked why he was blacklisted, upon the correspondence of James Me- lief, and the jury will have the oppor• had ever seen him before. He said On the 15th of May in 1893, the first other body of men had as much right Davis filled with indignation for the Parland. He handle.I the reports that tunity to determine on which side the he had not. general convention of the miners was to have rifle clubs as any body of arist• wrongs of his class, said because he came in form the different operators of diabolical plotting has been. Mr. Richardson then put the ques• called at Butte, made up from the del ocrats. had signed a petition with 700 men, Iks •agency. These "operators" were tion as to whether Orchard had met egates of the western country. Th< It is interesting to watch the utter after seven men had been killed in known by number, and were employed this man in a car on the Oregon Short Boise, June 28. purpose of the new organization was to discomfiture of these who cunningly the mine from rotten timbers giving as union men acting as spotters. Hit evidence fell as a bomb among the line the la»t of November 1905, and On Tuesday afternoon Ira Blizzard, prevent a reduction of wages, the abo wait to trap the working class, when way, for safer and better conditions. Pinkertons thronging the court room. engaged in conversation with him, in a conductor, testified that when the lition of the company boardin house their flimsy devices are pushed aside, On Thursday morning the battle and store, and securing of safety appli and what semed condemnatory stands royal between tho plain, blunt miner They never read anything in the way which Orchard gave his name as Ho- blood hounds were put on the trail of socialist literature, ami had no idea gan, and said he had left the miners, ances in the mines, and obtaining le forth in its legitimate and necessary and tho prostituted advocate of capi after blowing up the Independence de• of the revelations Friedman had made and was now working for the Mine gislation favorable to the working justness of demand. talist brutality and greed still contin pot, lie telephoned to K. C. Sterling, in his book. Owners' Association ;that the conflict class. The Western Federation had al- ued .The timber thief lawyer attempt detective for the Mine Owners' Asso between these two classes would re• ways been in polities. Mr. Boyci Boise, Jun*' HV ted to mercilessly bulldoze the wit Ceo. Riddell, who was fired from the eiation, and he replied, "Call the dogs sult in the breaking up of the Western stated that it had always been his ad .lames Maher of Butte, for five years ness. Darrow was on his feet watch Denver convention because of his ex• Federation of Miners; that ways would off, we know who did it." vice that the working men make a busi MM scretary of the W. F. of M., testi ing like a tiger that no undue ad posure in (bis book, was standing in vantage be taken of him. be found to do this. Dr. MeGee from the Coeur d'Alenes ness of politics, but be was sorry to fied to the financial effects of the the door when Harrow pointed him said that Orchard was playing poker Orchard denied the entire conversa say his advice had not been heeded union. Again and again Borah tried to out with seoru. QffSSl exeitem. tit win in u saloon at Mullen at the time the tion. very much. Wlliam Easterly came on the stand make the witness say that there was displayed among the I'inkertons. They Bunker Hill was said to have been Mr. Richardson then asked if he had Mr. Boyce's statement of the condi Thursday afternoon. Esterly is one of trouble in the Cripple Creek prior to gathered in groups whispering, and blown up. Dr. McOee is the man to a conversation with D. C. Copley in tions prevailing of the miners before the stalwarts in the Federation; has the troops being sent in. Davis as• glared at the young man who so fear• whom Ochard told that he was spot• Sau Francisco after the Bradley explo the formation of the central body been an officer for years and was one serted that all was peaceful. Borah lessly and honestly told the simple tale ting, and wanted to know if the doc• of the Cripple Creek strike committee. : sion. Orchard admitted that he did carried home to every hearer the nec tried to draw out that force and v > of the black deeds of these human tor had any easy money to dispose of. He is the man. Orchard accused of leneo were used by the union men have, and that he went to Copley's essity of the working class taking ac reptiles. The doctor told him if he wanted a helping him to m ami fact ure bombs. against tho scabs. It was through rooms. tive measures to protect itself. He Friedman's testimony was the mas• political job to go to Johnson, the Davis that Borah tried to make a Mr. Richardson then asked whether said he had been fired in Wardner He testified that there was peace in terstroke of the defense so far. chairman of the campaign committee. case against the unions. He did not he had spoken of his interests in the heeause he would not board where he tho Cripple Creek district before the It has presented irrefutably document• D. O. Scott, detective for the Flor• suceed Mr. Davis not only gave his Hercules mine, denounced Steunenberg was ordered to. The men had no voice militia and gun men came in, and com• ary evidence of the gigantic conspiracy ence and Cripple Creek road, was pletely repudiated Orchard's confes• testimony that there never was any and said he would got even with him in selecting a physician that they paid systematically carried on by the em• called by the defense. He has been sion. H denied in toto his fantastic cause for such accusations against the if it was the last act of his life. a dollar amonth to. A day's work in ployers against the unions. The unions in Boise for some time, brought by tales, said he was a card sharp, and unions, but he succeeded in present• Orchard denied theconversation but the mines was from ten to twelve nre honey combed with these creatures the prosecution, but another one of never worked to exceed a month at ing the matter in a clear light so that admitted that he had talked to Cop• hours. The bunk houses were unfit that know not the name of shame or their witnesses that they have feared a time. He stated that no violence of all could see it honor. Th.ty are in nil posit' >ns of ley about going into the business of for human beings t» tive In. t to put on the stand. He gave definite any sort was talked in the unions that defacing coins. Twelve hours was a day's work ii He gave a graphic tale of the in trust, and they report daily to their information that K. C. Sterling was ho ever heard, except from one Charles Charles O. Sullivan arose and was the smelters under most unhealthy con famies practiced against him; how his superior officer. identified by Orchard. Both men had ditions. The fumes from the furnaces people] were 'deported and scattered roomed at Neville's. Mr. Richardson (Continued on Page 8.) produced, paralysis of the hands, the (Continued on Page 4.) over the country; how he had been Continued on Pago ! Verts br tb* Party Abolish tkc Capi• •f Y*ur Class MONTANA NEWS. talist System OWNED AND PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF MONTANA

VOL V. HELENA MONTANA, THURSDAY, JULY 4 1907. NO. 34. Defense Pinkertons Union •lata nistorissl Ll&rvn • ed Up Exposed Veterans