, Kippax &

District newsletter

Issue 8 - June

Foreword 2 News & Events in June & July 3 Local Interest Groups 3-4 May Speaker Report 4-5 Messages from the committee: 5-6

 u3a Day 2 June 2021

 Photo competition Social Media Security 7 Blue Plaques around 7-8 Down Memory Lane 8-9 History Group ( Battles & Peckfield Mining Disaster Walk) 9-11 Cover Page Icons 11 Garden Corner 12 Puzzle Corner 3-14 National u3a and Endnote 15 Printable u3a Car Disc 16 8th Issue Welcome to this issue.

We are looking to provide updates on what the various interest groups have been doing and to highlight what is being planned over the coming weeks.

Throughout the newsletter we refer to our Garforth, Kippax & District UƷA website. Happy Father’s Day to the members to whom this applies.

Wednesday 2nd June is u3a Day See pages 5&6 for more details

Zoom events in June and July 2021 in- If you wish to join the talk, please send a clude: message to Colin Roberts via the U3A web- site. nd Wednesday 2 June: General Meeting, a th speaker to be confirmed. 1.30pm, if you have 16 June: A general knowledge quiz from not received your link for the meeting by hosted by the quiz group: a general invite will email by 26th May, please check the website be sent to all UƷA members.1.30pm, if you for details of how to get the link. have not received your link for the meeting by email by 10th June, please check the web- Wednesday 9th June: History Group June site for details of how to get the link.

Meeting 1.00pm (This Zoom talk is open to th all U3A members). ‘Treasures of Temple Wednesday 7 July: General Meeting, Newsam’: speaker will be Martin Lee from Active Adam Toole, Curator of , will Leeds. 1.30pm talk about some of the highlights from the rich collections of Temple Newsam, which Wednesday 21 July: A general knowledge feature one of the foremost collections of quiz for all, hosted by the Quiz group: a gen- decorative and fine arts in the UK. This will eral invite will be sent to all UƷA mem- include masterpieces by Joshua Reynolds, bers.1.30pm Junko Mori, Thomas Chippendale and the Leeds Pottery, amongst others. As all of the interest groups have access to the paid version of Zoom, can convenors We are grateful to the Committee for funding please contact Graham Isley to book a time this talk. and to organise ID and passwords that will be required to be sent to all participants. always take it easy, with no-one left behind If any of our members have a suggestion for and the accent is on pleasure, not miles. Do speakers at our monthly meeting please con- feel free to give it a try. tact our Speaker Co-ordinator Sandra Daly via the website. If contact details are availa- Submitted by Dave Swindells ble, or where you have seen the topic/ presenter, then please include these in your email. Art Group Our local Interest Groups Round-Up Topics for June are: 1st June: Still Life Books and Papers Important update for Groups - Covid Risk 15th June: Strong light from one side Assessments (RA) requirement. 29th June: Your own Eyes and Eyebrows (use a Mirror) Before any indoor face to face meetings, all members should complete a personal RA for Bookworms Group themselves. The Bookworms group has resumed Convenors should complete a separate RA meetings from Wednesday 19th May at for their activity group and, any group using 10.30am. It is a small group, so meetings an external venue must obtain a copy of the can be within the guidelines of 6 meeting in- venue’s current Covid RA, and submit a copy doors in our homes. of this along with the group RA to the u3a committee via the venues secretary. The group will endeavour to meet outside if the weather is fine! Hopefully we will all be Copies of all the relevant RA will be placed fully vaccinated so it will be a personal on the website. choice for members. Regards, Judith Huntridge. A Convenors meeting is now planned for June please watch for information and in- Excursion Group vites from the Groups Co-ordinator Heather. The Excursion group are starting their visits shortly. Two fully booked visits are taking place to York Gate on July 2nd, and Ryedale Easy Cycling Group th Since the beginning of April we’ve met up Vineyards on September 6 . five times for cycle rides, which have aver- The group will be looking at a trip to Thorpe aged between 6 to 10 miles, at a leisurely Perrow in the Autumn. Sue (Lomas) will keep pace. We now have eleven members, alt- her members informed as to when and how hough a maximum of six currently meet to to book through her normal channels. ride, keeping in line with current Covid re- strictions. We mainly ride off-road, on rea- Singing Group sonable tracks and bridleways but have also The group had been meeting via Zoom, but been on some quiet roads. attendance has fallen sharply. A decision was made to break now for Summer, and re- We want to continue to encourage members sume as soon as we can meet “in-person”, who haven’t cycled much before, or who are subject to Government guidelines and satis- not very confident because they haven’t factory risk assessment. been on a bike for a while to have a go. We Meanwhile, many on the group will be keep- surplus food, such as unfit for sale but not ing in touch via a WhatsApp group. If you unfit for human consumption, was used to are not a member, but would like more infor- cook meals. The term ‘circle economy model’ mation, please contact the group convenor was used, where customers pay as they feel, via our website link. either money, time, skill etc or just eat and leave.

Walking Netball In March 2014 the Guardian did an article on Although Government guidelines now allow TRJFP resulting in over 100,000 contacts for group activities to resume indoors, there coming from across the world. He shut the a number of additional risk assessment and cafe and replied to them all to copy the mod- additional administrative requirements be- el, use the logo or whatever worked for fore walking netball can resume. them, but the basis is to stop Food Waste, to If you would like to be added to the contact focus on the environmental impact of junk list for direct notification please contact the food, not who was eating it or how much group convenor via our u3a website link. they paid. There was an explosion of pop-up cafes across the UK and the world, but they were autonomous.

What he was trying to highlight was that you May Meeting Talk: by The Real Junk Food could feed all the poor people on the planet Project (trjfp.com) and there would still be wasted food. It is al- so not the job of food banks and TRJFP to Adam Smith, Founder and CEO of The Real save supermarkets having to pay for disposal Junk Food Project was this month’s speaker. of surplus food. Adam provided details of his early life, through a troubled child- In 2018 a 15,000 foot warehouse was hood and early adult- opened in Wakefield. In 2019, 1,000 tons of hood culminating in im- food which equated to 2.3 million meals prisonment, addiction to were sourced / distributed. When Covid drugs & alcohol and struck they intercepted a years ‘waste’ in 4 attempted suicide to the weeks. turning point when he went to Australia and undertook some work on farms where he came across the waste of perfectly edible food. This gave him the passion to create The Real Junk Food Project (TRJP) in 2013 where his skills and knowledge as a chef enabled him to use this food and on return to the UK set up TRJP - UK’s largest environmental charity redistributing surplus food from all When starting TRJFP, the idea was to put across the food industry. themselves out of business in 10 years - un- The basis of TRJFP is Environmental, not to fortunately, the problem of surplus food is ‘feed’ people. To this end he opened up Arm- actually getting worse and there is more food ley Junction Cafe in December 2013 where in the system than ever before. This is through a rise in plant based food production  the pop-up cafes, such as Junction and no real reduction in animal food produc- Cafe, or Cafe, which uses surplus tion. The focus shouldn’t be what people are food as above. All people, regardless of eating. but to focus on what waste is taking social or economic standing, can eat place in plant and animal food production. there. Part of problem also around best before  outside catering - they have 17 weddings dates and buying power of supermarkets etc. to cater for so far. The world needs to have a sustainable envi-  Donations, volunteers, friends, etc. ronment in relation to old production and waste. TRJFP is NOT a food bank, it intercepts sur- plus food destined for waste. The work of TRJFP has several facets and The skilled volunteers transport, process, more information is available on their web- quality control all food intercepted. site trjfp.com. They are totally self-fund  The edible food is made available through hub models, cafe, catering, dona- through catering, boxes, schools etc. tions, etc. Salaries amount to over £300,000  The inedible food is sent to livestock or per year - everyone, including the CEO, is anaerobic digestion to turn it into ener- paid the same living wage of around £11 per gy and fertiliser. hour.

Latest drive is around Kindness. One project was ‘Fuel for Schools’ where surplus food Messages from Your Committee: was diverted to Primary Schools on a weekly Wednesday 2nd June is National UƷA basis and together with talks, provided a ground level education around food waste Day 2021! and its environmental impact. Adam does Regular readers will already know our Com- lots of talks to young people to educate mittee is keen to mark the National U3A Day them on food waste and hopefully empower- on Wednesday June 2nd in our part of the ing them to tackle the problem, especially as world. However, it was felt we also need to some children do not understand that apples continue to minimise face to face contact actually grow on trees, and to think beyond while the current Covid-19 restrictions con- picking the cellophane wrapped ones from a tinue to affect us all. supermarket shelf with not a thought to the environment or waste. As a safe and practical way forward, we de- cided to update our leaflets, which introduce Adam stated the public are welcome to visit what the u3a movement is to potential the warehouse, which has a farm next to it members, signposting them to our website using donated waste to make edible gardens. and that they can sample a couple of There are direct links with Incredible Edible meetings (face to face or virtually), before projects, such as the one at Garforth. Hubs deciding whether to join us. By the time you enable the public to order, pay and collect a read this, over 300 of these leaflets will have box or half box of produce - vegetarian, been distributed by volunteers in Garforth, standard or vegan - and Nick of Garforth is Kippax, Swillington and surrounding villages, one such Hub which provide a funding in shops, libraries, medical centres, cafes and stream for TRJFP. anywhere else where they can be displayed.

Other funding streams are: Perhaps you could let people you know (potential members) know about u3a day or subscription as soon as possible. show a them a copy of this newsletter? To keep your membership current please pay We have also developed a ‘tax disc’ sized your subscription using one of the methods flyer about our u3a, which you might consid- detailed below. Subscription is £15.00 per er fixing to your car windscreen? A copy is at member, which has remained unchanged the end of the newsletter. since our UƷA began. We still have lapsed member details on record, so there’s no More copies may be printed on high quality need to re-apply for membership by com- paper to enhance our existing U3A profile pleting the application form. Just forward with local people. Having one of these ‘tax your payment please as detailed below and discs’ on your car windscreen might perhaps we very much look forward to welcoming help begin a conversation with someone, you back. who asks what it stands for. How to pay your membership fee for our A short video is being produced, which will UƷA year 1st April 2021 through to 31st be available on YouTube, where members of March 2022: some of our interest groups talk about what Because it is impossible to meet and run the they enjoy about their membership. Could normal membership desk our preferred you show or share this with someone who method of subscription payment is by online doesn’t already know what kind of things we bank transfer. Our account details are: do? Name Garforth Kippax & District UƷA We will continue to make use of Facebook Sort Code 05-00-50 etc., to remind people in Garforth, Kippax Account No. 11863861 and the surrounding district who we are and Important: So that we may identify the pay- what we do. If each one of us can tell some- ment please include in the reference text one else about what we enjoy about our U3A your initial and surname and your 4-digit U3A membership, that would be great – and membership number. If you are paying for effective marketing. This means you! two people then please quote both member- ship numbers.

Photo Competition: Paying by cheque: If you are unable to pay

online then please send a cheque for £15.00, There were minimal entries. As a result, the made out to Garforth, Kippax & District UƷA. committee reluctantly decided this should Please write your 4-digit membership num- not go ahead. The committee would like to ber on the back of the cheque and if you are offer thanks and apologies to anyone who paying for two people then please quote submitted an entry. both membership numbers. Please contact Membership Renewal Fees: A Gentle Re- Graham via the website for the address to minder: send cheques to. The closing date for renewals for our u3a Many thanks to those members who have April 2021 to March 2022 was 30th April. We already renewed! have 19 members who have neither sent in resignations nor have renewed , so if you do intend to stay with us, then please pay your Social Media Security  Scroll to the bottom of the page and se- lect Settings and Privacy: Privacy We do so many things via Social Media today. Shortcuts. The first pictogram will be To minimise the risk of identity theft, hackers, Privacy. scammers or being victims of false news its  Tap on the first item in the pictogram list best to ensure that we protect our on-line “Review a few important privacy personal profile information. settings”. This will bring up Privacy Check-up. A recent warning going round suggests the  Select who can see what you share and privacy profile settings for groups on tap continue as per the note above for WhatsApp may have been changed overnight Laptop/PC/Tablet. to share your profile with "everyone". A leading journalist on security issues for Tip: The "only me" option for your contact Forbes magazine comments that this was in number/email/location/year of birth helps fact the default setting when WhatsApp minimise risks e.g. identity theft. came into being in 2019. WhatsApp - Smartphones If you have concerns and want to check who Open WhatsApp can see your information or that of a vulnera-  Tap on the three dots on the top bar: ble friend/relative please consider using the tap settings: tap account: tap privacy: steps for Facebook (FB) and WhatsApp are scroll down to groups and change the noted below (The processes will be similar settings to contacts. for other social media apps): STAY SAFE: Sharing personal/contact details, even with friends (who may not have secure FB - Laptop/PC/Tablet: settings) might be a conduit for hackers/  Tap on the down sign top right scammers, its best to share a minimal  Then in turn select: settings & privacy: amount. If someone wants/needs to contact privacy check-up: tap on a pictogram you - they can send a message on social me- and then "continue". dia. You then have the opportunity to check  On the first 'Who can see what you them out (if needed) before replying. share' will show current settings.  (The audience options for your data are: Blue Plaques Around Leeds Public Friends on FB Only me Custom (a list of choice).

 Tap on the little icon/box at the right of each item on the list and amend to your This month’s Blue preference. Plaque subject is Whitkirk Manor House. It is Follow the steps with each of the pictograms. sited near the ring road and although is quite FB - Smartphone close to Garforth, it might help to know Cross  Open FB and tap on the three little hori- Gates is to the north and both Colton and zontal lines at the top right Halton are to the south. to their main houses in Paris and London. states Whitkirk is a place The Whitkirk Templar presence was located of special character, history and interest. This at Temple Newsam House, a mile or so arises from its historical associations with south. (Does this suggest a further link, via Temple Newsam and the Knights Templar or- the name Temple Newsham?) Some old der. Whitkirk conservation area is surround- street names found in Whitkirk today relate ed by recent housing development. The his- to medieval paths that passed through to toric buildings are centred around St. Mary’s Temple Newsam House, such as Kingsway, Church. Knightsway and Baronsway. Like other previously settlements, Whitkirk Templar Knights, in their distinctive white was once a hamlet and is now part of wider mantles with a red cross were skilled Crusad- Leeds. A church is recorded in The Domesday er fighting units. There remains a sense of Survey (1086) as belonging to the manor of secrecy about what they were involved in at and Colton. As Whitkirk was the only the height of their influence, before being known medieval church in this area, St. abolished. At one time the Knights Templar Mary’s Church must date from late Anglo- order acquired enormous wealth, managing Saxon originally, if not before. The first men- a large economic infrastructure throughout tion of Whitkirk is in 1154-66 in the Early what was then known as Christendom, de- Yorkshire Charters as ‘Witechurche’, meaning veloping innovative financial techniques, ‘white church’. The name has Old English ori- which were an early form of banking, before gins, with ‘churche’ being replaced by the being Henry VIII dissolved them. Perhaps this Old Norse ‘kirkja’. was because Henry was jealous of the wealth they accrued? The Early Yorkshire Charters confirm the Knights Templar received what became the The Knights Templar order continued into manor of Whitkirk, including the church and the Medieval period. Most of Temple some small parcels of land within the village Newsam and the surrounding area suffered a of Leeds, in the 12th century. Templar cross- long-term economic decline, with their prop- es were marked on houses in both Whitkirk erties reportedly being in ruins by the mid- and in Leeds village, to confirm they were 14th century. Even so, the manorial economy part of the manor of Whitkirk. continued. Aerial photography shows evi- dence of Medieval and Post-Medieval ridge The Templars’ properties were dissolved in and furrow farming strips, in surrounding ar- 1312, when the church of Whitkirk was able fields from that time. transferred to the Knights Hospitallers. This was then confiscated by Henry VIII in the mid Down Memory Lane – Did you know? -16th century. The Templars’ Manor Courts of Whitkirk were held at the old Manor The first broadcast of‘ The Archers’ on BBC House, on Colton Road. By the late 19th cen- radio was on the 1st January, 1951. It soon tury the court had moved to the Brown Cow attracted millions of listeners, with at one Public House, opposite St. Mary’s Church. time up to 60% of people living in the UK The public house was redeveloped in the regularly listening. It is now recognised as 1930’s but retains the same name. the world’s longest running drama

Whitkirk was an important place for the On February 1951 it was reported the Knights Templars nationally, and was linked world’s first commercially available comput- er was delivered by Ferranti to the University Leodis gave a presentation on Yorkshire of Manchester. The first commercially availa- Battles. Josh advised his talk was based upon ble electronic computer in the US was the information available in the Local and Family Remington Rand Univac, in June 1951. History Research Guide which features hi- lights from the existing Leeds libraries stock On 29th May 1953, Mount Everest, which is and covers over 30 battles. the world’s highest mountain was climbed for the first time. The successful climbers Leeds libraries are fortunate that they hold were Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing letters, posters, pamphlets and local newspa- Norgay. Three days earlier two others in the pers in addition to the chronicles, histories climbing team (Tom Bourdillon and Charles and government documents held by other Evans) managed to get to within 100 metres libraries. Link to the Research Guide : of the summit but turned back, suffering https://secretlibraryleeds.net/ from oxygen supply problems. On 4th July 1954, 14 years of food rationing The Battle of Wakefield (1460) in the UK finally ended, when restrictions on The War of the Roses began around 1450 the sale of meat and bacon were lifted. and, in 1453 when Henry VI had a mental breakdown, there was conflict between Hen- On the 24th February 1955, a cold spell hit ry’s wife Margaret of Anjou (who believed the UK, with 70 roads being blocked by snow. that she should act as Protector during Hen- The RAF was needed to deliver food to isolat- ry’s illness) and Richard Duke of York, who ed areas, as there were snow drifts up to 30 believed that he should have the role - fol- feet deep recorded in Scotland and the North lowing English tradition that the most power- of . Temperatures fell to the lowest ful nobleman should control until the King recorded for over 30 years. recovered. After almost a year Richard be- came protector but Henry VI recovered soon On 21st May 1955 , Ruth Ellis was the last afterwards. woman to be hanged in Britain . Henry suffered recurring illness, was a weak King and the bad blood between him, his On the 1st November 1956, Premium Bonds wife and Richard Duke of York continued. In were introduced in the UK. In the first draw, 1460 when Richard was at Sandal Castle in the top prize was £1,000. Wakefield for the Christmas period, a large contingent of Lancastrian forces arrived at In 1957, the Queen broadcast the first ever the castle and, on 30 December, for some Royal Christmas message on TV. (The first ra- reason, Richard left the relative safety of the dio broadcast was on Christmas Day in 1952). castle with a small group of Yorkist forces. He was overpowered and killed. Can you add any other interesting facts about the 1950s which could be included in our Details of the battle were very poorly record- next newsletter? ed. The oldest Leeds chronicles held by Leeds libraries cover 1459 to 1486. This is History Group the only known contemporary chronicle (written by unknown scribes). Only one sen- Zoom Talk (12 May) : - Yorkshire Battles tence mentions the battle so details in later At the History Group May meeting Josh Flint writings may not be based on fact. Various from the Local and Family History Library and books and pamphlets held within the Leeds Library collections offer theories to why History Group Peckfield Mining Disaster Richard left the safety of Sandal Castle, e.g. Walk to defend his honour or he duping him to be- Following Lizzie Musset’s interesting presen- lieve he was meeting friendly forces, but the tation on the Peckfield Disaster at our April reason remains unproven. Zoom meeting a small group joined Lizzie on 4 May for a walk around the relevant loca- tions in Micklefield. We were restricted to six The Battle of Marston Moor (1644) people to meet the Covid regulations in The battle of Marston Moor was during the place English Civil War. The background to the Civil War being that Charles I believed in the di- We met outside Churchville House Commu- vine right of kings and would not accept chal- nity Centre, all prepared for a potential rain lenge or limits to his authority. (Parliament storm but luckily the rain did not start until has to be opened by the monarch and can- we were finishing our walk! not act without being opened). He alienated The walk was a little under two miles, mainly parliament for trying to limit his power by on pavements and we crossed the railway refusing to open parliament. At one time line to visit the site of the Peckfield pit, now this carried on for 11 years! He would only a disused field, past the site of the original recall parliament when he wanted some- Micklefield pit and the pit wheel memorial, thing, promising that if they raised taxes to to the small coal truck filled with flowers give him more income he would open parlia- near the railway bridge which is a memorial ment once a year. After his wishes granted, to the disaster. he then refused to reopen parliament. We then walked down the Great North Road to St Mary’s church where we viewed anoth- This caused chaos across England, Scotland, er memorial. We visited only a few days after Wales and Ireland. The Parliamentarians re- the 125th anniversary of the disaster which belled against Charles and the Civil war rum- happened on 30 April 1896 and flowers, bled on. The battle of Marston Moor was the wreaths and crosses were beautifully dis- first major defeat of the Royalist army on 2 played around the memorial. Lizzie had at- July 1644 a few miles outside of York. The tended the memorial service a few days ear- Parliamentarians, lead by Oliver Cromwell, lier which she described as very moving. Sir Thomas Fairfax, Lord Ferdinando Fairfax fought an inspired battle and defeated the Royalists by routing their left flank and then returning to trap the centre from behind.

The Leeds library has material available (particularly the Wing Collection), providing a detailed account of this period in history and the battle. The talk was extremely interesting and we are grateful to Josh Flint for his time and effort.

Further details of this talk are available on the u3a Garforth, Kippax and District web- Our thanks for to Lizzie for leading this walk site. and for her offer to lead a further walk in the

It was the supersti- tion on Midsummer’s Eve for young girls to scatter rose petals before them and say: “Rose leave, rose leaves, Rose leaves I strew. He that love me, Come after me now”. Then the next day, Midsummer’s Day, their true love to visit them. coming weeks so that everyone can have the opportunity to join in. We expect the next walk to take place on Wednesday 14 July. Both History Group items submitted by Elaine Whelan. Cover page Icons – June June takes its name from the Roman goddess Juno, the goddess of marriage. For this rea- son, June has always been looked upon as the best month in which to marry. Other regular June events in the UK are the The Summer Solstice is the day that the sun Queen’s Official Birthday Parade (Trooping of climbs to its highest point in the sky. This was the colours,) Father’s Day Wimbledon and the originally the day on which people celebrated Appleby Horse fair. midsummer. On the night before midsummer, However, some things will be different this a group of white-robed Druids gather to year: The Trooping of the Colour will not go watch the sun rising. As it does, it rises exact- ahead in its traditional form in central Lon- ly over the Heel Stone, one of the stones that don, options for an alternative Parade, in the lie outside the main circle at Stonehenge. quadrangle at Windsor Castle are being con- With the coming of Christianity, many pagan sidered. midsummer celebrations were moved to the Subject to Government guidelines, the Apple- feast of St John the Baptist. People would by Fair may be delayed until August. The fair light fires on Midsummer Eve and stay up un- traditionally attracts about 10,000 Gypsies til midnight to welcome in Midsummer Day. from the various Romany cultures living Midsummer was a time of magic and mystery. across the British Isles, 1000 caravans, several Evil spirits were said to appear, and people hundred horse-drawn vehicles, and 30,000 gathered herbs and flowers to protect them- visitors. selves. One of the most powerful plants was known as ‘chase-devil’, now called St John’s Wort. People used it in potions and wove the flowers into garlands, believing this would shield them from evil spirits. Herbalists use St John’s Wort in their medicines today.

Garden Corner: distract and deter unwanted beasties: by A few ideas from Incredible Edible: planting carrots and onions together you're much less likely to get carrot fly or onion fly. What to Sow: Try a large pot of carrots next to a pot of on- ions. In allotments or gardens simply plant Continue sowing small amounts of salad alternate rows. crops: lettuce, beetroot, broad beans, spring onions and radish. Sowing little and often will Planting nasturtiums is a great idea, great for mean you can continue harvesting regularly bees, distracts cabbage white butterflies from throughout the rest of the season. cabbages, broccoli & kales (Brassiaceae fami- ly), give the black fly something to keep them Soil Health: occupied. If they successfully avoid pests, they're completely edible too and add a fan- Following all this rain it's a great time to add tastic peppery hit to salads. Tom Thumb is a organic matter or compost to help your soil great dwarf variety for pots but there's also really flourish- soil health is key to happy, climbing and trailing varieties too. healthy plants. If you have clay soil all that or- https:// ganic matter will immediately start being bro- www.permaculturenews.org/2011/12/02/ ken down. Simply mulch over the top and let companion-planting-information-and-chart/ nature do its work without digging (generally best practice if the focus is soil fertility). Or, for speedier results grab a spade and a fork Wildlife: and get stuck in (better idea if you need more Don't forget when you use pesticides the aeration). effect goes so much further than the 'weed'. There's a whole hierarchy of wildlife that we Delayed Gardening: need to look after: eg, using slug pellets puts Hedgehogs at serious risk of poisoning, never If you currently don't have much time to be in mind birds like owls, an unsuspecting dog, the garden, get some green manure. Crimson and residue builds up in the soil too. A good Clover (Trifolium incarnarum) is a great little thing to note about slugs is there exists a slug grower that acts as a cover crop until you are out there (probably already in your garden) ready to plant and continues to feed your called a leopard slug that eat other slugs, fun- soil. Broadcast sow in the area wanted, chop gi and rotting plants. Keep an eye out for and dig in July or when you're ready to plant them! and weather is a bit more stable. You should be able to find this in garden centres or Community: online. You could of course always #sowarowxtra and Pest Deterring through Companion Planting: join the plant sharing scheme rolled out by Feed Leeds if those pesky slugs do decide At Incredible Edible we work with nature not they're full up and you don't need all the against it so would advise against any pesti- plants you have. cide use, slug traps and heavy netting but to look into Permaculture and how companion http://feedleeds.org and click on the tab at planting can help reduce pests by simply the top for 'Sow a Row Xtra' combining different herbs, veg and flowers to Quick Quiz Questions Suduko and crossword solution from Issue 7 Quiz by Penny Brighten from the Quiz Group. Answers will be published in our next issue. 4 6 5 8 7 9 3 2 1 2 7 3 4 1 6 9 8 5 1 How many permanent teeth 8 9 1 3 5 2 4 7 6 should an adult human have? 2 Who played Charlotte‘ Charlie’ 7 2 9 5 6 4 1 3 8 Blackwood in Top Gun? 3 4 8 1 9 7 6 5 2 3 How many witches accosted 1 5 6 2 3 8 7 9 4 Shakespeare’s Macbeth? 5 3 4 7 8 1 2 6 9 4 Of which vegetable is kohirabi a variety? 6 1 7 9 2 5 8 4 3 5 What kind of animal is Sooty’s 9 8 2 6 4 3 5 1 7 friend Sweep? 6 With what kind of pastry are pro- V E H I C L E S L E F T fiteroles made?

7 Of which country did Bob Hawke A O E I G A

become prime minister in1983? N A M E M A D R I G A L

8 The majority of the Peak District I E O E H L

lies in which county? L A S H I N G S E E D Y

9 How many natural satellites does L D 9 A the plant Mercury have? A N G E L S H O L D U P 10 Who wrote the novel ‘Brave New O E K U World’? B O A R D P R E S E N T E L S O A T Answers from Issue 7 S T I C K O U T O G R E E E U O L R 1 Richard Osman T O S H P A R T N E R S 2 Georgia 3 Graham Greene

4 Iron Suduko Issue 8 5 Hangman

4 5 3 9 6 Asia 7 Sword 7 2 1 8 5 8 Edinburgh 4 6

9 J M Barrie 6 4 7 3 8 1 10 Six 3 8 4 1 9 6

5 9 1 8 2 7 4 5

3 9 6 1 2 1 3 4 5 14. Read and calculated (7) Crossword Issue 8 16. Put on a show here (7) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17. Awards displayed by damsel in dis- tress? (6) 8 9 18. Falsify – a medical certificate? (6) 20. Renders unfit for use – but aren’t they

10 11 12 that already? (5)

22. Moved slowly but messed up start of

13 14 15 16 good deed (5)

17 18 19 20

21 COFFEE-TIME

22 23

Across

24 25 1. Enigmatic (10) 8. Use as fuel (4) 9. Will additions (8) CRYPTIC 10. Slight (6) Across 11. Agreement (6) 12. Thirsty (3) 1. Puzzling and unusual Tory misuse (10) 13. New (5) 8. Tinder, of course, won’t do it in it (4) 15. Time (mus.) (5) 9. Afterthoughts of one who is late (8) 17. Insane (3) 10. Overlook nothing disrupting reign (6) 19. Grumble (6) 11. It requires people to agree to be bound (6) 21. First batsman (6) 12. Many on railway needing refreshments (3) 23. Aggressive (8) 13. Different – and rather forward (5) 24. Narrow valley (4) 15. Speed player must observe (5) 25. Disputes (10) 17. Crazy servant discards one (3) 19. Birds sound discontented (6) Down 21. Key sportsman setting the pace? (6) 2. Of less age (7) 23. New limit placed on worker ready to fight (8) 3. Dance (5) 24. Low place in jungle now overgrown (4) 4. Dumfounded (6) 25. Casts doubt on records tried out inside (10) 5. Unusual person (6) 6. Conceal (7) Down 7. Plane flyer (5) 14. Scrutinised (7) 2. What we must always be to our elders (7) 16. Gift (7) 3. It makes one step out enjoyably – but jerkily? 17. Decorations (6) (5) 18. Physician (6) 4. Greatly disturbed? Not if a baby! (6) 20. Beggars (5) 5. Strange thing tricky toy did (6) 22. Rimmed (5) 6. Hide confidential Note (7) 7. He’s responsible for his ups and downs at work (5) Keep checking our website for If you check the above website you’ll news and updates: see there are also many other ideas, themes and topics you can apply to join https://u3asites.org.uk/garforth- in with. Please note events which re- kippax/welcome quire members to book are at https:// www.u3a.org.uk/events/educational- From uƷa’s National Winter Learn- events ing Programme Further information on free talks is available on https://www.u3a.org.uk/ learning/national-programmes

Editorial Endnote:

Please note that any contributions from our general membership and Convenors will need to be with us by: Wednesday 16th June 2021 for inclusion in the next edition. Thanks! Dave Swindells, Isi Todd and Penny Brighten Newsletter Editors Garforth, Kippax & District

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Garforth, Kippax & District

learn,laugh,live https://u3asites.org.uk/ garforth-kippax/home