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Recensement De Thèses De Doctorat Sur Le Renseignement

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Recensement De Thèses De Doctorat Sur Le Renseignement Recensement de thèses de doctorat sur le renseignement Un document réalisé par l’académie du renseignement Version du 01/07/2021 Pour citer ce document Recensement de thèses de doctorat sur le renseignement. Un document réalisé par l’Académie du renseignement, Services du Premier ministre, juillet 2021. © Académie du renseignement, Services du Premier ministre 2 Version du 01/07/2021 « Tout ordre détermine […] la place de chacune des choses qu’il comprend, et la manière dont cette place est déterminée comprend la raison pourquoi telle place est assignée à chaque chose. Que l’ordre d’une bibliothèque soit chronologique, c’est-à-dire, que les livres se suivent conformément à la date de leur édition, aussitôt chacun a sa place marquée, et la raison de la place de l’un, contient celle de la place de l’autre. » D’Alembert, Boucher d’Argis, Jaucourt, Le Blond, Toussaint, Art. « ORDRE », in L’Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, texte établi par d’Alembert et Diderot, 1ère édition, Tome 11, 1765, p. 595. 3 Version du 01/07/2021 4 Version du 01/07/2021 Sommaire Présentation de la nomenclature ........................................................... 7 Action clandestine (covert action) ......................................................................... 9 Action diplomatique ............................................................................................ 12 Analyse du renseignement et perceptions stratégiques ..................................... 14 Ciblage à des fins de neutralisation (targeted killing) .......................................... 18 Conflictualités hybrides ....................................................................................... 21 Contre-espionnage .............................................................................................. 22 Contre-insurrection ............................................................................................. 24 Contre-prolifération ............................................................................................. 28 Contre-subversion ............................................................................................... 33 Contre-terrorisme, anti-terrorisme et islamismes............................................... 35 Coopérations en matière de renseignement ....................................................... 61 Droit et renseignement ....................................................................................... 65 Echecs du renseignement (intelligence failures) ................................................. 69 Espionnage ........................................................................................................... 70 Espionnage scientifique et technologique ........................................................... 71 Etat ....................................................................................................................... 72 Ethique et déontologie ........................................................................................ 75 Gouvernance du renseignement ......................................................................... 78 Histoire du renseignement .................................................................................. 82 Amérique du Nord ............................................................................................................ 82 Afrique .............................................................................................................................. 85 Asie ................................................................................................................................... 90 Europe ............................................................................................................................... 92 France ............................................................................................................................... 99 Monde russe ................................................................................................................... 103 Moyen-Orient ................................................................................................................. 112 5 Version du 01/07/2021 Lanceurs d’alertes (whistle-blowers) et fuites (leaks) ........................................ 115 Littératures, médias et cinémas ........................................................................ 116 Organisations internationales et régionales ...................................................... 122 Polices et surveillance ........................................................................................ 124 Programmes d’extradition extra-judiciaire (extraordinary renditions) .............. 129 Psychologie appliquée au renseignement ......................................................... 131 Renseignement criminel .................................................................................... 134 Renseignement économique et renseignement financier ................................ 136 Renseignement en sources ouvertes (ROSO) et réseaux sociaux ..................... 140 Renseignement d’origine humaine (ROHUM) ................................................... 142 Renseignement d’intérêt militaire ..................................................................... 143 Renseignement d’intérêt stratégique (strategic intelligence) ........................... 147 Renseignement technique ................................................................................. 150 Cryptographie et cryptanalyse ...................................................................................... 152 Renseignement d’origine cyber (ROC)........................................................................... 153 Renseignement d’origine électromagnétique (ROEM) ................................................. 157 Renseignement d’origine image (ROIM) et spatial (GEOINT) ...................................... 158 Secret ................................................................................................................. 160 Sécurité .............................................................................................................. 162 Stratégies de manipulation de l’information ..................................................... 164 (Théories du) complot ....................................................................................... 173 6 Version du 01/07/2021 Présentation de la nomenclature Dans le cadre de sa mission de diffusion de la culture du renseignement consistant notamment à favoriser des échanges avec le monde universitaire et à valoriser les travaux de recherche dédiés au renseignement, l’Académie a réalisé un recensement thématique de thèses de doctorat, ainsi que de dossiers d’habilitation à diriger des recherches (HDR), consacrés au renseignement. Le recensement a été élargi à des sujets d’intérêt pour la communauté du renseignement (cybersécurité, contre-prolifération, contre-terrorisme, etc.). Cet inventaire a permis d’identifier plus de 2 000 travaux à la date du 1er juillet 2021. Ces derniers sont présentés à partir de 36 thématiques couvrant l’essentiel du champ « renseignement », allant de l’action clandestine à l’étude des théories du complot, en passant par les conflictualités dites « hybrides », les pratiques de surveillance ou encore l’éthique et la déontologie du renseignement. L’appartenance d’un grand nombre de travaux à plusieurs thématiques a conduit à des arbitrages en fonction des priorités choisies. Dans chaque rubrique, les travaux sont ensuite présentés dans un ordre chronologique inversé, c’est-à-dire des plus récents aux plus anciens : - NOM de l’auteur, prénom, Titre de la thèse, discipline, directeur(s) de thèse, date de début de doctorat-date de soutenance. S’agissant de la période couverte, les deux dernières décennies, réputées être les plus prolifiques en matière de recherche sur le renseignement, ont été privilégiées. Néanmoins, le recensement fait état de certains travaux remontant jusqu’aux années 1960, lorsque ces derniers paraissaient avoir un intérêt de premier plan au regard des enjeux contemporains. L’espace euro-atlantique est particulièrement présent du point de vue de l’orientation des thèmes abordés par les travaux recensés, comme du point de vue de la nationalité de leurs auteurs et des centres de recherche dans lesquels ils ont été conçus. On notera tout spécialement une nette dominance anglo-saxonne sur le plan de la langue – laquelle coïncide, dans une large mesure, avec la géographie des Five Eyes. Cependant, le français représente la deuxième langue la plus répandue dans les études académiques de renseignement. Ce marqueur linguistique atteste, parmi d’autres, de la vitalité d’une « approche française » du renseignement1, notamment grâce à l’action de plusieurs établissements comme Sorbonne Université, l’Université de Bordeaux et l’Institut d’études politiques de Paris. Ce phénomène traduit, au-delà, la force d’une dynamique originale et proprement « francophone » (Belgique, France, Québec, Suisse) à l’œuvre dans ce champ d’études. Pour mener à bien ce recensement, trois méthodes de recherche ont été suivies de façon simultanée. 1 Olivier Forcade, Sébastien-Yves Laurent (dir.), Dans le secret du pouvoir. L’approche française du renseignement XVIIe siècle-XXIe siècle, Paris, Nouveau monde éditions, 2019. 7 Version du 01/07/2021 En premier lieu, des chercheurs français travaillant sur les questions de relations internationales
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