AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 02-03-2017 Addendum to Inventory No. AL-Vl-C-281 Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form

Page 1 of 4 Name of Property: Barton Survey District Location: Barton, Allegany County, 21521

In the nineteenth century, Barton was the site of two farms, the Hoffa Farm and the Shaw Property, which is north of the Barton corporate limits. A portion of the Shaw Property was platted into 63 lots by Major William Shaw, Jr. in 1853. According to the Barton History account, was found in Barton in 1810 and mining became active after 1825.

Like other towns in the George' s Creek coal mining region, Barton attracted miners from European countries including , Ireland and Germany. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, several coal companies were active in Barton, including Swanton, Caledonia, Pickell, Barton and Potomac Mines. In addition to the underground mines, tramways and tipples were part of the town's industrial landscape. Some company housing was erected close to the mines.

Coal was carried to the Cumberland and Railroad (C&P Railroad) at the center of town and the different sizes were sorted through the tipple owned by the Swanton Mine. It was demolished in 1953. The railroad depot, located at the comer of South Railroad Street and Broadway, is said to have been designed by E. Francis Baldwin, who designed the B&O Railroad depots. Although he does not cite plans or any correspondence between the architect and the C&P Railroad, Carlos A very states that Baldwin designed 4 stations for the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad including Frostburg, Barton, and Lonaconing as well as stations for the Western Maryland Railroad (Carlos Avery, E. Francis Baldwin, Architect, The B&O and Beyond," : Baltimore Architecture Foundation, 2003, p. 45) The station was clad with board and batten on the exterior above the watertable, which had crossbracing, and a standing seam metal Boston hip roof. The building contained a waiting room at the north end of the building, and a loading dock at the south end. There are three known photos of the Depot in Barton: Coal Mining Town (P.58), Deane Mellander, Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad, Western Maryland's Historic Coal Carrier (P. 50) and a photograph from the Nellie Dowling Collection, Ort Library, Frostburg State University that show the Depot between 1888 and 1959. While the photo in the Barton book may show the building as it appeared shortly after it was constructed, the building lacks the same decorative elements that were standard for Baldwin's B&O buildings, such as acroteria, barge boards, roof brackets and window surrounds. None of these items appear in later photos. The C&P was a regional railroad and its buildings are more characteristic of a secondary carrier, rather than one of the country's premier railroads. It was constructed in 1888, and was demolished in 1959, as coal production fell and the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad was taken over by the CSX in the 1970s. The Depot's concrete foundation remains visible (Photo 3).

Barton' s building stock consists of some commercially purpose-built buildings, and a large number of single family and duplex houses dating from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Prepared by: Anne E. Bruder, Architectural Historian, MOOT/SHA Date: 09.28.2016 Addendum to Inventory No. AL-Vl-C-281 Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form

Page 2 of 4 Name of Property: Barton Survey District Location: Barton, Allegany County, 21521

Along South Railroad Street, the Barton Hotel stood at the southeast comer of Railroad and Broadway, and based on photos was a two-story side gable building that was demolished after 1981, when it was photographed for the Barton Survey District MIHP Form. Further south on Railroad Street are the Williams Store and Post Office, which are now apartment units, the Merbaugh Saltbox House which is a two-family duplex, and the Barton Post Office which is housed in the former First National Bank of Barton.

The First National Bank of Barton opened in 1902, and remained the Barton Bank until 1972 when it was taken over by the First National Bank of Oakland. The building remained a bank through various mergers until 1998, when it was acquired by the United States Postal Service to use as the Post Office for Barton.

One historic photo of Barton shows Broadway Street, where the Cumberland and Westernport Railway (trolley) Company had its tracks. The road was otherwise unpaved in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. On February 2, 1919, a fire broke out in the Junior Order of Mechanics Hall and spread to twenty businesses and houses, as well as the 19th century Presbyterian Church that stood on Broadway or on surrounding streets. As a result of the fire, the Barton Hose Company No. 1 formed, and the town bought fire insurance through the Sanborn Fire Insurance Company, who produced the first town map in November 1921. New residential, commercial and religious construction occurred, including the Dr. Samuel A. and Lulu Barton House. However, both Dr. Boucher and the Presbyterian Church purchased several lots, which demonstrates a different building density from the 19th and early twentieth centuries.

The Presbyterian Church of Barton was initially constructed in 1860 but the wood clapboard structure was destroyed in 1919 fire. The new church was rebuilt starting in 1919 and opened fully in 1921. A stained glass window at the rear of the church, dedicated to two early ministers, Rev. M. W. Woodworth and Rev. A. C. Thompson who regularly preached at the church. The window is a scene of an empty tomb, and it was designed by the C. Rudy Day Company of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

The church consists of the main sanctuary on the west side of the property. It is a three bay brick structure standing on a raised basement. The entrance is through a front gable portico attached to the three story bell tower with the narthex on the first floor. The nave is a single volume with pews arranged in three groups to create two side aisles. The chancel at the front of the church contains three chairs, a pulpit and a small communion table. The church has a two story wing on the east fa9ade that is entered from the nave of the church, which contains office and other rooms for church functions.

Other new construction on Broadway included the Dr. Samuel (1861-1945) and Lulu (1872- 1953) Boucher House, which stands at the comer of Broadway and Water Street. Dr. Boucher

Prepared by: Anne E. Bruder, Architectural Historian, MOOT/SHA Date: 09.28.2016 Addendum to Inventory No. AL-Vl-C-281 Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form

Page 3 of 4 Name of Property: Barton Survey District Location: Barton, Allegany County, 21521

was the resident physician in Barton from the 1890s through the early 1940s. Mrs. Boucher served as a Maryland State Delegate between 1931 and 1945, representing Allegany County. In the 1920 US Census, the Bouchers lived on South Railroad Street. The Boucher House is shown on the 1921 Barton Sanborn Insurance Company Map and it is likely that the Bouchers moved there that year. It is a five bay, two story structure with a pyramidal roof with front gable extensions over the front 3-bow window section in the front facade, over the enclosed porches on the east elevation at the rear, and over the 3-bow window section on the west elevation. The building is clad in stucco, stands on a raised concrete basement and has one over one windows. The dwelling has a wing-and-gable form, with a hip roof covering the porch across the wing of the house. The roof is clad in asphalt shingles. A two story, one bay section that was possibly sleeping porches projects from the plane of the house on the east elevation. There are entrance doors on the south and north elevations on the first floor, and windows on each side in three elevations. There is a small square attic window in the gable peak. This portion of the house is clad in vinyl siding. On the north elevation, there is a hip roof one-story addition with three windows. Also, there is a one story, 3-bay garage with a hip roof clad in asphalt shingles at the rear of the property. On December 5, 1919, the Town of Barton dedicated a memorial Roll of Honor to the town's men who had served during World War I. 79 names were listed at the time of the dedication, and it consisted of two stone pillars with a pentagonal plaque that contained a listing of the names. On June 27, 1944, Alban Fazenbaker, a Barton resident, was in charge of adding the names of those killed or missing in action as a result of World War II. The Roll of Honor has been altered, and while the pentagonal shape remains, but it is now of yellow brick, with a center granite plaque dedicated to Barton's residents who have served in every war since World War I without specifically listing the names or the wars. Stone coping was added at the top of the pentagon when the memorial was remodeled. There is a low shelf that holds vases and wreathes, and a flag pole from which the American and the Missing in Action flags fly. Shrubbery has been planted in front of the memorial, and it is lighted. There is also a sidewalk and the area is surrounded by a metal fence. As a result of the 1919 fire, the Barton Hose Company was founded. The company is housed in a two story building on the northwest corner of Broadway and Water Street that was constructed starting in 194 7 and dedicated in 1949. It is of brick construction, with a two-bay garage, ribbon windows in the second story on the south fa9ade, and glass block light wells in two window openings and over the entrance on the east side of the building. When it opened, the Fire Station had garage space for 2-3 trucks, a lounge, shower, locker room, hose dryer, chiefs office on the first floor and the second floor held an auditorium, kitchen and other public meeting rooms according to the March 17, 1949 Cumberland Evening Times article detailing the opening. The fire station was designed by Stuart (S) Russell Minter, an architect who worked in Cumberland.

Prepared by: Anne E. Bruder, Architectural Historian, MOOT/SHA Date: 09.28.2016 Addendum to Inventory No. AL-Vl-C-281 Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form

Page 4 of 4 Name of Property: Barton Survey District Location: Barton, Allegany County, 21521

Minter (1914-1990) was born in Blacksburg, Virginia, attended Virginia Polytechnical Institute and graduated with a degree in architecture. He moved to Cumberland in 1940, and lived with his family in LaVale. Although he is listed in the three AIA Architect's Directories for 1956, 1962 and 1970, no projects are listed, and he was an AIA member from 1944 to 1976. A search through the Cumberland Evening Times identified some of his projects including several for the Allegany County School Board, starting with their Post-War Building Program in 1945 and improvements to various county schools; improvements to the Miners Hospital in Frostburg in 1948, and alterations to Hauger' s Jewelry Store in Cumberland in 1951.

The remainder of the Barton Survey District on the east side of the railroad tracks consists of a mix of single family, duplex, and buildings converted to apartments, as well as commercial, civic and religious buildings, including St. Gabriel's Roman Catholic Church. Many of the buildings have been altered and the integrity of design, workmanship, feeling and association has been diminished. The industrial history has been diminished through the loss of the railroad depot and coal tipple.

Sources Consulted:

Avery, Carlos, E. Francis Baldwin, Architect, The B&O and Beyond, Baltimore: Baltimore

Architecture Foundation, 2003,

Barton: Coal Mining Town (Mayor and Councilmen, 2002)

Cumberland Evening Times 1919-1970 downloaded from http://Newspaperarchive.com

Feldstein, Albert L., Feldstein 's Historic Coal Mining and Railroads ofAllegany County,

Maryland (1999)

Mellander, Deane, Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad, Western Maryland's Historic Coal

Carrier (1981)

Schwartz, Lee G., Albert L. Feldstein and Joan H. Baldwin, Allegany County A Pictorial History

(1980) Stakem, Patrick H., Railroading Around Cumberland Images ofRail (Patrick H. Stakem, 2008)

Ware, Donna M., Green Glades Sooty Gob Piles (1990)

Whetzel, Dan, Allegany County Images ofAmerica (2011)

Prepared by: Anne E. Bruder, Architectural Historian, MOOT/SHA Date: 09.28.2016 Barton Survey District, Allegany County AL-Vl-C-281 Location Map Barton 7 .5' USGS Quadrangle Maryland State Highway Administration Cultural Resources Section Photo Log

Project No.: AL266A21 Project Name: MD 935A at Railroad Avenue Intersection and Drainage Improvements MIHP No.: AL-VI-C-281 MIHP Name: Barton Survey District County: Allegany Photographer: Anne E. Bruder Date: 10-29-2015; 11-9-2015; 7-29-2016 Ink and Paper Combination: Epson UltraChrome pigmented ink/Epson Premium Luster Photo Paper CD/DVD: Verbatim, CD-R, Archival Gold

Image File Name Description of View AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Looking southeast at South Railroad Street & houses on east 29 01 .TIF side of road, including William Store & Barton Post Office (AL-VI-C-191), Merbaugh Saltbox (AL-VI-C-192) and First National Bank of Barton (AL-VI-C-193) AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Looking north at intersection of Railroad Street with 29 02.TIF Legislative Road; foundations of the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad Depot AL-VI-C-281 - 2015-10- Foundation of Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad Depot 29 03.TIF looking south AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Looking east on Legislative Road (MD 935A) toward George's 29 04.TIF Creek - fire hall and Dr. Boucher House on left. AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Looking southeast at north fa9ade and west elevation of 29 05.TIF Presbyterian Church of Barton & rear window AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking northwest at south fa9ade and east elevation of Barton 29 06.TIF Fire Station Hose Company No. 1 Company 19 AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Dr. S. A. Boucher Foursquare looking northwest at south 29 07 .TIF fa9ade and east elevation AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- War Memorial Looking northeast at west front of War 29 08.TIF Memorial AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- SHA Bridge No. 0101900, MD 935 over George's Creek 29 09.TIF looking south AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking north on Legislative Road (MD 935) at houses on east 29 10.TIF side north of Mill Street AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking south on Legislative Road (MD 935) at houses on east 29 11.TIF side south of Mill Street AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Looking northeast at east side of Legislative Road (MD 935A) 29 12.TIF and on west side, Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad tracks from Barton Town Hall. AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking east on Mill Street 29 13.TIF AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking southwest at 19105 and 19107 South Eutaw Street 29 14.TIF AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking north on 19000 block of Water Street (19022 and 29 15.TIF 19023) AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Looking south on Legislative Road (MD 935) at houses on the 29 16.TIF east side of road (L-R 19204, 19212, 19214 and 19218) AL-VI-C-281 2016-07- Williams Store and Barton Post Office (AL-VI-C-191) looking 29 17.TIF northeast at west fai;ade and south elevation AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- Merbaugh Salt Box (AL-VI-C-191) looking northeast at west 29 18.TIF fai;ade and south elevation AL-VI-C-281 2015-10- First National Bank of Barton (AL-VI-C-193) looking 29 19.TIF southeast at west fai;ade and north elevation

AL-VI-C-281

Barton Survey District 18;"".3 Barton Private

The Barton Survey District is located approximately 3 miles south of Lonaconing in the Georges Creek coal region of western Maryland. Prior to the founding of the town two farmhouses occupied the site of Barton. The architecture of Barton is characterized by frame vernacular and Victorian-styled dwellings and commercial buildings.

In 1853, William Shaw, Jr., laid out the town of Barton to accommodate miners employed in the new mines opened around his 1200 acre estate south of Lonaconing. Unlike the many company towns of the mining region, the 66 building lots of Barton were made available to the general public. AL-VI-C-281 MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST MAGI #01125845 38 SD

INVENTORY FORM FOR STATE HISTORIC SITES SURVEY

6NAME

HISTORIC

AND/OR COMMON Barton Sqryey District fJLOCATION

STREET & NUMBER

CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIO A~~fiTRICT Barton VICINITY OF STATE Maryland Al.legany..COUNTY County DcLAsSIFICATION

CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE XD1sTRICT _PUBLIC ~OCCUPIED _AGRICULTURE _MUSEUM _BUILDING(SI ~PRIVATE _UNOCCUPIED ~cm,MERCIAL ~PARK _STRUCTURE _BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS _EDUCATIONAL x.._PPllVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE _ENTERTAINMENT _RELIGIOUS _OBJECT _IN PROCESS ~YES RESTRICTED __ GOVERNMENT _SCIENTIFIC

_BEING CON~IDERED _YES UNRESTRICTED _INDUSTRIAL _TRANSPORTATION _NO _MILITARY _OTHER DOWNER OF PROPERTY

NAME · Multiple Ownership ____ !~~_ephone # : STREET & NUMBER

CITY. TOWN STATE ' Zlp code _ VICINITY OF

llLOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION Liber #: COURTHOUSE Folio #: REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC Allegany County Courthouse

STREET & NUMBER 30 Washington Street CITY. TOWN STATE Cumberland Maryland 21502 l!J REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE AL-VI-C-120."12 I, 122, 123, 124, 125, 186, 18 7, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, I 93and 194, DATE _FEDERAL _STATE _COUNTY _LOCAL

DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS·

CITY. TOWN STATE fl DESCRIPTION

CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE -EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED ~UNALTERED ~RIGrNAL SITE ~GOOD _RUINS ~LTERED _MOVED DATE ____ -FAIR _UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

The Barton Survey District is located approximately 3 miles south of Lonaconing in the Georges Creek coal region of western Maryland. Maryland Route 936 travels NE to SE through the town in a series of curves. Georges Creek flows NE to SW on the eastern and southern edge of the survey district. The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad runs NE to SW through the center of the survey district. The terrain of the survey district consists of hills sloping towards the flat southern section of Barton.

Prior to the founding of the town two farmhouses occupied the site of Barton. The Hoffa House (AL-VI-C-120, Map #178) was originally a two story brick house based on the ell plan. Additions have altered the shape of the building and the gabled roof replaced with a hipped roof. The other early farmhouse (Map #41) is a 2 story five bay frame house based on the ell plan. The building has low stone foundation and a gabled roof.

The architecture of Barton's characterized by frame vernacular-styled dwellings are typical examples of styles found throughout the mining region. Most are two story single family or duplex dwellings which are rectangular or based on the ell plan. They rest on stone foundations and have gabled roofs and hip roofed porches sheltering their facades. Examples are AL-VI-C-124 (Map 1124) and House 11196 on the attached map. The latter building features decorative elements such as bracketed eaves, a central gable with jigsawn "gingerbread" decoration and bracketed porch posts which are characteristic of many examples of the style found in Barton.

The saltbox house is another vernacular style of architecture found in Barton. The 2 story single family and duplex frame houses rest on stone foundations and havegabled roofs. Shed roofed additions added to the rear elevations of these buildings give them the saltbox shape seen throughout the mining region. Two bay saltbox houses like the Tichnell House (AL VI-C-187, Map #198) maybe the first half of unfinished duplex houses. Evidence of this common practice is the blank NE elevation of the house. Duplex saltbox houses like the Mowbray Home place (AL­ VI-C-194, Map #266) generally have central chimneys which serve both halves of the duplex building. The Green Brick House (AL-VI-C-121, Map #177) is an example of Pennsylvanian vernacular architecture. The 2 story 5 bay brick dwelling is based on the ell plan and has a hipped roof. Most of Barton's commercial buildings are examples of vernacular­ styled architecture. An example is Willism's Store and Barton Post Office Building (AL-VI-C 292, Map# 58), a duplex saltbox building . The Victorian-styled buildings exhibit the fine detail and various roof shapes characteristic of several styles of Victorian architecture. The earliest of thes is the r.o.o.F. Hall (AL-VI-C-123,Map #208). The 2 story frame building rests on a stone foundation and exhibits the

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY ALV -IJI SIGNIFICANCE

PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

_PREHISTORIC _J,.RCHEULUGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _RELIGION _1400-1499 ~RCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW _SCIENCE _1500-1599 _J,.GRICULTURE _ECONOMICS _LITERATURE _SCULPTURE _1600-1699 XARCHITECTURE _EDUCATION _MILITARY _SOCIAUHUMANITARIAN _1700-1799 _J,.RT _ENGINEERING _MUSIC _THEATER ~1800-1899 l(coMMERCE 2{EXPLORATION!SETTLEMENT _PHI LOSO PHY _TRANSPORTATION _1900- _COMMUNICATIONS XINDUSTRY _POLITICS/GOVERNMENT _OTHER I SPECIFY) _INVENTION

SPECIFIC DATES BU I LDER/ ARCHITECT 1853 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Barton is one of the larger towns in the Georges Creek coal region of western Maryland. The Georges Creek Valley between Lonaconing and Westerport was farmland prior to the opening in 1853 of the Georges Creek Coal and Iron Company's railroad between the two towns. 1 Once t12is vital outlet for the coal trade was opened the area developed rapidly.

In 1853 William Shaw, Jr. laid out the town of Barton to acconnnodate miners employed in the new mines opened around his 1200 acre estate south of Lonaconing. 3unlike the many company towns of the mining region, the 66 building lots of Barton were made available to the general public. 4 Miners from Barton were employed at the Swanton, Caledonia, Pickell, Piedmont, Barton and Potomac Mines?

Augmented by the two Morrisson additions the town grew rapidlyP In 1854 the site of the town contained two farmhouses and three railroad shanties. By 1887 the town's population of 1,200 supported 6 general stores, 7 saloons, 3 hotels and 4 churches. The town was incorporated 19 18.

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY , . IJMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES ..

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSAPY lliJ GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ~------ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY------

VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

STATE COUNTY

STATE COUNTY mFORM PREPARED BY NAME I TITLE David A. Dorsey, Historic Sites Surveyor

ORGANIZATION Maryland Historical Trust/Bureau of Mines DATE April 1982

STREET & NUMBFtl State Circle, Shaw House

CITY OR TOWN A . STAtE nnapo 11s Mary.land 21401

The Maryland Historic Sites Inventory was officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legislature, to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 Supplement.

The Survey and Inventory are being prepared for i~formation and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringe­ ment of individual property rights.

RETURN TO: Maryland Histo~ical Trust The Shaw House, 21 State Circle Annapolis, Maryland 21401 (301) 267-1438

PS· 1108 AL-VI-C-281 (continuation of #7 description) symmetry, overhanging bracketed eaves and gently pitched gabled roof characteristic of the style. Other Halianate- styled buildings in Barton are the Beveredge House (AL-VI-C-186, Map #150), and the Ayers House and store (Map #91 & 92). The Ayers House is a 2 story frame dwelling with a shed roof with a projecting bracket cornice and an unusual central gable with jigsawn trim. The Ayers Store is a 2 story frame commercial building with a store-front facade surrounted by a projecting bracketed pediment.

The First National Bank of Barton (AL-VI-C-193, Map #54) is a small example of Neo-Rationalistic architecture. The symmetrically designed building has walls of brown glazed bricks. Its steeply hipped roof, hipped dormers, and round-headed entrance archway are common elements of Neo-Rationalistic architecture. Examples of the Bungalow in Barton are 1~ story frame dwellings with the dormers, gently pitched gable roofs and dormers characteristic of the style. Examples are #'s 26 and 211 on the attached map. AL-VI-C-281

Barton Survey District

Footnotes

1 Thomas and Williams, History of Allegany County, Maryland Vol. I, Baltimore: Regional Publishing Company, 1969, pp. 538-539.

2 Thomas Scharf, The History of Western Maryland, Vol. II, Philadelphia; Louis H. Everts, 1882, p. 1466.

3 Ibid.

4 Katherine Harvey, The Best-Dressed Miners, Life and Labor in the Maryland Mining Region, 1835-1910. Ithica: Cornell University Press, 1969, p. 79.

5 Scharf, p. 1466

6 See MHT Inventory, AL-VI-C-194

7 Scharf, p. 1466

8 The Maryland Directory and State Gazetteer, 1887, Baltimore: Baltimore Printing Company, p. 11.

9Thomas and Williams, p. 499. Barton; MD AL-VI- C-281 USGS 7. 5 Minutes Series Barton Survey District Scale 1 : 24 , 000 MD Rt . 936 , approximately 1947; photorevised 1974 3 miles south of Lonaconing

AL-Vl-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co., MD David A. Dorsey 2/82 photo #1 looking northeast

AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co., MD David A. Dorsey 2/82 photo f/2 looking northeast

AL-Vl-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co . , MD David A. Dorsey 2/82 photo #3 looking north . . . AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co. , MD David A. Dorsey 10/81 photo #4, looking northeast

. .

AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany County, MD David A. Dorsey 10/81 photo #5, looking south _, • AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co. , MD David A. Dorsey 10/81 •hoto 116 looking east

AL-VI-C- 281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co . , MD David A. Dorsey 10/81 photo #7, looking north

AL-VI-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co., ~ID David A. Dorsey 10/81 photo #8, looking North

AL-Vl-C-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co. , MD David A. Dorsey 10/81 photo #9, lookin2 ~e~t

AL-VI-B-281 Barton Survey District Allegany Co . , MD 2/82 Mark Edwards, Photocopy : Art Work of Allegany Co,, 1897~-