Current Research Profile for Alaska

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROFILE FOR ALASKA Fifth Edition Information Services Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center University of Alaska, Anchorage TER This publication was supported by Grant DPP77-20463 National Science Foundation 1978 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Explanatory Notes VI The Physical Environment 1.0 Atmosphere 1 2.0 Geology 17 3.0 Geomorphology 40 4.0 Minerals and Fossil Fuels 48 5.0 Seismology 75 6.0 Glaciology 83 7.0 Snow 88 8.0 Permafrost 91 9.0 Hydrology 98 10.0 Oceanography 118 The Biological Environment 11.0 Limnology 143 12.0 Botany 155 13.0 Forestry 172 14.0 Soils 187 15.0 Birds 195 16.0 Fish 217 17.0 Marine Invertebrates 268 18.0 Mammals, Marine 283 19.0 Mammals, Terrestrial 294 The Man-made Environment 20.0 Agriculture 327 21.0 Archaeology 337 22.0 Socio-cultural 349 23.0 Land Use Planning 373 24.0 Economics 404 25.0 Technology 429 26.0 Water Supply and Utility Systems 446 27.0 Transportation 460 Indexes Investigator Index 470 Affiliation Index 493 Funding Agency Index 503 Subject Index 511 L PR E FACE This is the fifth edition of the Current Research Profile for Alaska, which lists research in the physical, biological, and related social science's conducted during 1977. Research abstracts were obtained by contacting principal investigators and program managers with Alaskan, out-of-state, and foreign organizations. In addition, questionnaires were sent to investigators listed with the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange and the U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center's OASIS/ENDEX system. All responses received by February 15, 1978 are included. Late responses will be listed in the next edition. Several changes in format and content makerthis edition the most comprehensive of the series yet to be published. The data have been entered on an IBM 32 Word Processor, which has en- abled the compilation and inclusion of four indexes: an investigator index, an affiliation index, a funding source index, and a general key word index. This year's profile gives a broader em- phasis to some of the social sciences, particularly those directly related to resource develop- ment, such as archaeology, land use planning, and socio-cultural studies. Foreign and privately sponsored research conducted in the state also received more attention this year. The fifth edition includes nearly 1,550 research projects which were completed, continued, or initiated during 1977 by 1,500 principal and co-investigators. The largest number of studies, 29 percent, was performed by personnel of the federal government. Of these, 16 percent were from federal offices within the state,, and 13 percent were from agencies outside the state. Following the federal government, the University of Alaska registered the greatest number of programs, with 27 percent of the investigators being affiliated with one of the university's 14 research units or departments. Personnel from state agencies accounted for 21 percent of the investigators, followed by outside universities,.11 11 percent, consulting firms and private industry, 11 percent, local government organizations, 1 percent, and foreign, 1 percent. Projects are listed as presented by the investigators. Every effort has been made to avoid duplication, though in some cases different elements of the same program may be listed as sepa- rate projects. Investigator affiliation appears l as it was at the time of the contract. Questions concerning individual projects should be referred to the researcher. All other inquiries should be directed to: Information Services Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center 707 A Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Telephone: (907) 279-4523 V EXPLANATORY NOTES HOW TO USE THE CURRENT RESEARCH PROFILE Entries are arranged numerically within 27 subject categories. Each entry lists the principal investigator, telephone number, affiliation and address; co-investigator and affiliation; funding agency, funding period and funding amount; geographic location of research site; and objectives I of research. The geographic description locates the research in one of seven major geographic regions and then at a specific site within that region. Research sites that cover a large area of the state are listed as STATEWIDE. An example follows: Accession TITLE OF RESEARCH PROJECT Number Principal Investigator Telephone Number Affiliation Address Funding Period Co-Investigator, Affiliation Funding Agency Funding Amount Geographic Location of Research Site. Objectives of Research ABBREVIATIONS JFINAT - Joint State/Federal Fish and Wildlife Advisory Team PMM/BLM OCS Socioeconomic Studies - Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Bureau of Land Management Outer Continental Shelf Socioeconomic Studies U.S. NOAA/BLM OCSEAP - United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Bureau of Land Management Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program U.S. Army CRR EL - United States Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Univ. of Alaska, AEI DC - University of Alaska, Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center Univ. of Alaska, IAB - University of Alaska, Institute of Arctic Biology Univ. of Alaska, ISER - University of Alaska, Institute of Social and Economic Research VI GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS OF ALASKA ARCTIC SOUTHWEST NORTHWEST SOUTHCENTRAL YUKON SOUTHEAST MARINE VII AT °SPHERE 1.001 NEARSHORE HYDRODYNAMICS OF AN ARCTIC BARRIER LAGOON SYSTEM: METEOROLOGICAL INPUT. Carsey, Frank D. (206) 543-6613 Univ. of Washington 4059 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle WA 98105 10/77 to 9/78 Kozo, Thomas L., Univ. of Washin6ton Andersen, Roger H., Univ. of Washington U.S. NOAA/BLM OCSEAP S51,914 MARINE - Beaufort Sea Coast. To measure and model mesoscale processes in the surface winds of the Beaufort Sea Coast to make possible accurate calculated trajectories of suspended and floating pollutants. 1.002 MARINE CLIMATOLOGY OF THE GULF OF ALASKA, BERING AND BEAUFORT SEAS Brower, William A. (705) 258-2850 U.S. National Climatic Center Federal Building, Room 404, Ashevi ille NC 28801 9/75 to 1/78 Wise, James L., Univ. of AlaskaAEIDC U.S. NOAA/BLM OCSEAP $108,000 MARINE - Gulf of Alaska, Bering and Beaufort Seas. To prepare a synthesis of available climatic information for the outer continental shelf areas of Alaska and selected coastal locations to be published in atlas form. 1.003 AEROSOLS OF ALASKA TUNDRA Hogan, Austin W. (518) 457 -4925 State Univ. of New York 1400 Wash Avenue, Albany NY 12222 3/77 to 2/78 National Science Foundation $8,250 ARCTIC - Barrow. To determine size distribution of arctic aerosol; to determine if particle production occurs in free air; to determine characteristics of tundra aerosol. Measurements of aerosol concentrations over arctic tundra near Barrow, Alaska will be made for approximately 30 days during the summers of 1977 and 1978. The data obtained will be analyzed to determine if arctic tundra plants and their decay products are a source of organic vapors which form aerosol particles. First year experiments indicate that particle production does occur on clear days, and that persistent fog is an effective sink for particles in all size classes. 1 ATMOSPHERE 1.004 INDEX OF ORIGINAL SURFACE WEATHER RECORDS FOR STATIONS IN ALASKA Brower, William A. (705) 258-2850 U.S. National Climatic Center Federal Building, Room 404, Asheville NC 28801 U.S. NOAA/BLM OCSEAP STATEWIDE. Publication availabl e. 1.005 PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTION IN THE CHENA BASIN Santeford, Henry S. (907) 265-4717 U.S. National Weather Service 632 W. Sixth Avenue, Anchorage AK 99501 1/76 to 12/78 U.S. National Weather Service YUKON - Chena River basin. A preliminary analysis of the available data indicated general trends in the distribution of precipitation which were in conflict with the previously anticipated patterns. The existing gaging network has been expanded in an attempt to verify the results of the preliminary analysis. Publication available. 1.006 METEOR BURST COMMUNICATION Santeford, Henry S. (907) 265-4717 U.S. National Weather Service 632 W.Sixth Avenue, Anchorage AK 99501 6/74 to 6/79 U.S. National Weather Service STATEWIDE. To field test and evaluate the use of meteor burst communications as a means of real-time data telemetry in Alaska. Publications available. 2 ATMOSPHERE 1.007 HEAT AND VAPOR EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE GROUND AND SNOWPACK Santeford, Henry S. ( 907) 265-4717 U.S. National Weather Service 632 W. Sixth Avenue, Anchorage AK 99501 1/75 to 9/78 U.S. National Weather Service YUKON - Interior Alaska near Fairbanks. To determine the magnitude of the transports of heat and water vapor between the thick organic soils and the snowpack during the winter period and to study the environmental factors which affect their magnitude. Publication available. 1.008 FORECASTING PRECIPITATION TYPE FOR GULF OF ALASKA COASTAL STATIONS Knowles, Herschel T. (907) 265-4704 U.S. National Weather Service 632 W. Sixth AVenue, Anchorage AK 99501 ATMOSPHERE - Gulf of Alaska. To determine parameters which are important in forecasting the type of precipitation at coastal stations in the Gulf of Alaska; to develop an objective forecast technique.

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