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Ruby Programming Language, Then Let's Proceed

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Ruby Programming Language, Then Let's Proceed About the Tutorial Ruby is a scripting language designed by Yukihiro Matsumoto, also known as Matz. It runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX. This tutorial gives a complete understanding on Ruby. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts related to Ruby Scripting languages. Prerequisites Before you start practicing with various types of examples given in this tutorial, we are making an assumption that you are already aware of computer programs and programming languages in general. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected] i Table of Contents About the Tutorial ...................................................................................................................................... Audience .................................................................................................................................................... i Prerequisites .............................................................................................................................................. i Copyright & Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................. i Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii 1. RUBY – OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................. 1 Features of Ruby ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Tools You Will Need .................................................................................................................................. 2 What is Next? ........................................................................................................................................... 2 2. RUBY – ENVIRONMENT SETUP ................................................................................................ 3 Try it Option Online .................................................................................................................................. 3 Local Environment Setup .......................................................................................................................... 3 Ruby Installation on Linux/Unix ................................................................................................................ 3 Using yum to Install Ruby ......................................................................................................................... 4 Ruby Installation on Windows .................................................................................................................. 4 Ruby Command Line Options .................................................................................................................... 5 Ruby Environment Variables ..................................................................................................................... 7 Popular Ruby Editors ................................................................................................................................ 9 Interactive Ruby (IRb) ............................................................................................................................... 9 What is Next? ......................................................................................................................................... 10 3. RUBY – SYNTAX ..................................................................................................................... 11 Whitespace in Ruby Program .................................................................................................................. 11 Line Endings in Ruby Program ................................................................................................................. 11 Ruby Identifiers ...................................................................................................................................... 11 ii Reserved Words ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Here Document in Ruby .......................................................................................................................... 12 Ruby BEGIN Statement ........................................................................................................................... 13 Ruby END Statement .............................................................................................................................. 14 Ruby Comments ...................................................................................................................................... 15 4. RUBY – CLASSES AND OBJECTS .............................................................................................. 16 Defining a Class in Ruby .......................................................................................................................... 17 Variables in a Ruby Class ......................................................................................................................... 17 Creating Objects in Ruby Using new Method .......................................................................................... 18 Custom Method to Create Ruby Objects ................................................................................................. 18 Member Functions in Ruby Class ............................................................................................................ 19 Simple Case Study ................................................................................................................................... 20 5. RUBY – VARIABLES, CONSTANTS AND LITERALS .................................................................... 24 Ruby Global Variables ............................................................................................................................. 24 Ruby Instance Variables .......................................................................................................................... 25 Ruby Class Variables ............................................................................................................................... 26 Ruby Local Variables ............................................................................................................................... 27 Ruby Constants ....................................................................................................................................... 27 Ruby Pseudo-Variables ........................................................................................................................... 28 Ruby Basic Literals .................................................................................................................................. 28 Integer Numbers ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Floating Numbers.................................................................................................................................... 29 String Literals .......................................................................................................................................... 29 Backslash Notations ................................................................................................................................ 30 Ruby Arrays ............................................................................................................................................ 31 Ruby Hashes ........................................................................................................................................... 31 iii Ruby Ranges ........................................................................................................................................... 32 6. RUBY – OPERATORS .............................................................................................................. 33 Ruby Arithmetic Operators ..................................................................................................................... 33 Ruby Comparison Operators ................................................................................................................... 33 Ruby Assignment Operators ................................................................................................................... 35 Ruby
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