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Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) NATIONAL AERONAUT106 AND SPACE ADMINI; RATION The Deep Space Network Progress Report 42-24 September and October 1974 N75-14010 (NASA-CR- 141147) THE DEEP SPACE, NETWORK Progress Repert, Sep. - Oct. 1974 (Jet 174 p HC $6.25 `SCL 17B Propulsion Lab.) Onclas G3/32 05039 9 ?011^^,^, h^1 ^ J' MJ;,', G. ! 1 JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA, CALIFORNIA December 15, 1974 i I i i NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION The Deep Space Network Progress Report 42-24 September and October 1974 JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY III Prepared Under Contract No, NAS 7•I00 National Aeronautics and Spa(:e Administration l Preface Beginning with Volume XX,. the Deep Space Network Progress Deport changed from the Technical Report 32- series to the Progress Report 42- series. The volume number continues the sequence of the preceding issues. Thus, Progress Report 42-20 is the twentieth volume of the Deep Space Network series, and is an uninter- rupted follow-on to Technical Report 32-1526, Volume XIX, This report- presents DSN progress in flight project support, tracking and data acquisition (TDA) research and technology, network engineering, hardware and . softwarra implementation, and operations. Each issue presents material in some, but not all, of the following categories in the order indicated. Description of the DSN Mission Support Ongoing Planetary/Interplanetary Flight Projects Advanced Flight Projects Radio Science Radio Science Support Special Projects Supporting Research andTechnology Tracking and Ground-Based Navigation Communications—Spacecraft/Gro and Station Control and Operations Technology Network Control and Data Processing Network Engineering and Implementation Network Control System Ground Communications Deep Space Stations Operations Network Operations Network Control. System Operations Ground Communications Deep Space Stations Planning and Facilities TDA Planning Facility Engineering In each issue, the part entitled"Description of the DSN" describes the functions and facilities of the DSN and may report the current configuration of one of the five DSN systems (Tracking, Telemetry, Command, Monitor and Control, and Test and Training). The ~wort: described in this report series is either performed or managed by the Tracking and Data Acquisition organization of JPL for NASA. JPL DEEP SPACE NETWORK PROGRESS REPORT 42-24 I I i 1 Contents DESCRIPTION OF THE DSN DSN Functions and Facilities. .. 1 N. A. Renzetti MISSION SUPPORT Ongoing Planetary/Interplanetary Flight Projects Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973 Mission Support . 5 E. K. Davis NASA Code 311-03.21.60 Summary Report on the Deep Space Network/Vikirig Flight Project Telecommunications Compatibility . 9 A. 1. Bryan NASA Code 311.03.22-10 Pioneer 10 and 11 Mission Support . 35 R. B. Miller NASA Code 311.03.21.20 SUPPORTING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY Communications—Spacecraft/Ground S/X-Band Experiment: A Study of the Effects of Multipath on Group Delay . 40 T. Y.. Otoshi NASA Code 310-20.66.06 a Pioneer Venus 1978:'telemetry Performance Predicts . 51 B. K. Levitt NASA Code 310-20.67-08 Convolutional Codes frir M-ary Orthogonal and Simplex Channels R. F. Lyon NASA Code 310.20.67.03 Station Control and Operations Technology DSN Research and Technology Support . E. B. Jackson and A. L. Price NASA Code 310-30.69-02 PREGPDING PAGD BLAZ JPL DEEP SPACE NETWORK PROGRESS REPORT 42-24 Automatic Microwave Configuration . 85 J, G, Lefiang NASA Code 310.30.68.10 Network Control and Data Processing FORTRAN Implementation of Tutorial Input . 88 K. Moyd NASA Code 310.40.70.04 Portability of the MBASIC Machine-independent Design . 100 M. C. Rigg'ins NASA Code 310.40.75.05 4800-bps High-Speed Data Error Statistics . 108 J. P. McClure NASA Code 310.40.60.03 NETWORK ENGINEERING AND IMPLEMENTATION Deep Space Stations Modifying an HA/Dec Coordinate Antenna Pointing System to Process Data From an X/Y-Mounted Antenna . .. 115 W. Davis NASA Cade 311.03.14-21 Viking 1975 Analog Recording . 119 G. B. Hamilton . ., NASA Code 311.03.14.21 Evaluation of a Flutter Compensator for DSN Predetection Recording . .. 121 J. R. McAllaster NASA Code 311-03.42.50 Continuous Spectrum Planetary Ranging Operational Software 127 G. R. Osborn NASA Code 311.03.42.52 Resolution of an Inconsistency in Deep Space Station Longitude Solutions . 132 K, H. Rourke and N. A. Mottinger NASA Code. 311.05.42.54 Y: m nFFP SPArF NETWORK PROGRESS PrPORT 42.24 { 1 1' OPERATIONS Network Operations r i r- A New Angular Tropospheric Refraction Model . 144 A. L. Berman and S. T. Rockwell NASA Code 311.03-13-20 Support of the Mariner 10 Television Enhancement Experiment . 165 J. E. Allen NASA Code 311.03.21-60 JPL DEEP SPACE NETWORK PROGRESS REPORT 42-24 E DSN Functions and Facilities N. A, Renzetti Office of Tracking and Data Acquisition The objectivc}s, functions, and organization of the Deep Space Network are summarized. Deep space station, ground communication, and network operations control capabilities are described, The Deep Spice Network (DSN), established by the (4) Mariner Mars 1964, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 1 Office of Tracking and Data Acquisition (OTDA) under (5) Mariner Venus 1967. the system management and technical direction of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), is designed for two-sway (6) Mariner Mars 1969. Communications With unmann ed spacecraft traveling ap- (7) Mariner Mars 1971. proximately 16,000 km (10,000 mi) from Earth to the Farthest planets of our solar system. It has provided track- (8) Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973. ingand data acquisition support for the following NASA deep space exploration projects, for which JPL has been responsible for the project management,. development of The DSN has also provided tracking and data. acquisi- the spacecraft, and conduct of mission operations: tion support for the following projects: (1) Ranger. (1) Lunar Orbiter, for which the Langley Research Center carried out the project management, space- (2) Surveyor, craft development, and inission operations func- (3) Mariner Venus 1962. tions. .JPL DEEP SPACE NETWORK PROGRESS REPORT 42-24 ^ (2) Pioneer, for which the Ames Research Center car- the cognizance of the large general-purpose digital com- ried out [lie project management, spacecraft devel- puters, which were used for network processing as well as opment, and mission operations functions. mission data processing. It also assumed cognizance of all of the equipment in the flight operations facility for (3) Apollo, for which the Lyndon B. Johnson Space display and communications necessary for the conduct of Center was the project center and the Deep Space mission operations. The network has already undertaken Network Supplemented the Spaceflight Tracking the development of hardware and computer software and and Data network (STDN), which is managed by necessary to do its network operations control monitor the Goddard Space Flight• Center (GSFC). functions in separate computers. This activity became known as the Network Control System implementation. (it) Helios, a joint United States/West Germany projecn. A characteristic of the new interface is that the network- (5) Viking, for which the Langley Research Center pro- provides direct data flow to and from the stations via vides the project management and Lander space- appropriate ground communications equipment to Mission craft, and conducts mission operations, and far Operations Centers, .wherever they may be; namely, wliieh JPL provides the Orbiter spacecraft. metric data, science and engineering telemetry, and such network monitor data as are useful to the flight project. It accepts command data from the flight project directly The Deep Space Network is one of two NASA: net- into the ground communications equipment for trans- works. The other, the Spaceflight Tracking; and Data mission to the station and thence to the spacecraft in a Network, is under the systein management and technical standardized. format, direction of the Goddard Space Flight Center, Its function Is to support manned and unmanned );firth-orbiting and lunar scientific and advanced technology satellites. Al- In carrying out its functions, the network activities can though the DSN was concerned with unmanned lunar be divided into two general areas. The first includes those spacecraft in its early years, its primary objective now and functions which are associated with the in-flight support into the future is to continue its support of planetary and and in tracking the spacecraft; its configuration can be interplanetary flight projects. characterized as follows: (t) DSN Tracking System. Generates radio metric data; A development objective has been to keep the network i.e., angles, one- and two-way doppler and range, capability at the state of the art of telecommunications and transmits raw data to mission control. and data handling and to support is many flight projects as possible with a minimum of mission-dependent hard- (2) DSN Telemetry System. Receives, decodes, records, ware and software. The DSN provides direct support to and retransmits engineering and scientific data each flight project through that projects tracking and generated in .the spacecraft to Mission Control.