Pisto l a nd Revo lver Sh o o tin g

' A: I II M M EL WRIGHT ;

I llustr a ted

M ACM IL L AN CO M PANY

cu. “ P RI NTE D I N THE UNI TED STATES OF AKEEICA

' C 1 8 B opmsht, 90 . y A L A I M M E WRIG . . . H L HT

i 1 1 1 Copyr ght, 90 4 and 9 5 , B O ANY y THE M ACM I LLAN C M P .

ri r w All ghts ene ed. PREFACE

NTEREST in pistol and revolver shooting has increased very rapidly in recent years and par ticularly since smokeless powder has been intro d uced .

The revolver and the magaz ine pistol now consti tute part of the regular equipment of army and navy oflicers and ca alr tr e ulations o ernin v y 0 0 ps. R g g v g

practice shootingf with these arms have been issued and adopted by both branches of the service and by the National G uar of the var ou States In the Na d i s . tional Rifle Association and in the var ious State rifle

associations tha ha e r ntl been or aniz e istol t v ece y g d , p

and re ol er shootin has an im ortant lace and the v v g p p , matche ro i e e l el r niz e I n the nu s p v d d ar arg y pat o d. merous civilian shooting clubs scattered throughout the country pistol and revolver shooting has become ex tremel o ular and in man cases the ma orit of y p p , y j y the members practice more frequently with the smaller

ms than wi ar th the rifle. Practice with the pistol and revolver aflords training in si htin stea hol in and ullin the tri er g g, dy d g, p g gg , which are the essential features of rifle shooting also. 6 PRE FACE

On account of this relation and the fact th t s ill , a k with these arms can be instantly utiliz ed in rifle shootin the evelo ment of mar s manshi with the g, d p k p istol an re ol er t on i ortance p d v v assumes na i al mp . While numerous standard works have been written on the sub ect of rifle shootin there is com arati el j g, p v y little information available on pistol and revolver

shootin he c r g. T obje t of this volume is to supply p ac tical informat n on b he thor h s io this su ject. T au a attempted to treat the subject in a clear and concise manner ee in the siz e of the lume as small as , k p g vo practicable and so as to be conveniently ca rried in the c Parti o i e n po ket. cular pains have been taken t g v sou d a ice and elementar instruction to be inne dv y g rs. The author extends his grateful acknowledgments

on S ec von tern ur r . ra to Bar S b M essrs . B. C b p k g, J

tr e oh H hr illia E arlin has. e n T . um e W m . C C , J p y, ,

S. Axtell Walter W inans W alter G . Hu son Ed . , , d , a l r E lli a Ha and the arious arm T o . . Si m n M . s s y , J , y , v and ammunition manufacturers referre to ein d her , for aluable assistance su estions information and v , gg ,

d ata re ari th ol in p p ng is v ume.

A. L . A. HIM M Bm oHr .

Stockholm, N . J . CONTENTS

CH APTER PAGE

. N RODU ORY ND I I T CT A HIsTORICAI. ARM s II . M M III . A U NITION I H V. SIG TS V SR OO P S . TING O ITION

I TARGE - SH N V . T OOTI G

VI I . TARGETs

AR E RA T VIII . T G T P C ICE I EVOL VER P T E R TH E P L E X . R RAC IC FO O IC

X PIsTOI. H T G F R L AD ES . S OO IN O I

X I . CL U Es AN D RAN GES

X II H N S To BEGIN N ERs . I T REL OAD G AM M U O X III . IN NITI N AP P ENDIX

IL L USTRATIONS

Smit ess n - i h W o .38 Ca l ber Revolver o t rm S C l A y pecial Revolver . FACI NG PAGE aa Smi th Wesson 4 4- Ca liber Revolver

r R r Colt New Se vice evolve . Smith Wesson Russian M odel Revolver Colt Single Action Revolver ” We e M e R e S o . o e o r bl y c tt W S. d l v lv Webley Fosbury Automatic Revolver o i i C lt Automat c P stol .

o Parabellum or L uger Automatic Pist l . Webley Scott Automatic Pistol M auser Automatic Pistol Smith 8: Wesson Pistol Remington Pistol

Ste ens isto Gou M o e . v P l, ld d l Ado lph Weber Pistol Gastinne- Renette Pistol Colt Automatic Target Pistol Co lt Police Positive Revolver Smith 8: Wesson Hand Ej ector Revolver Smith Wesson Double Action Per fect R r ed evolve . Smith Wesson Sa fety Hammerless Re volver Smith Wesson Pocket Revolver Colt Police Positive Target Revolver Stevens Diamond M odel Pistol Colt Automatic Pocket Pisto l Colt Automatic Pocket Pistol Savage Automatic Pocket Pistol Smith Wesson Automatic Pocket Pistol . I L LUS TRATI ONS

Paine Sights o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Patridge Sights L yman Sights “ cm“PAGE 64 The es i Sear i i W p chl ght S ght .

a ter inans . S. xte omas W l W , C A ll, Th Anderton

hn . Di o etz E. E. atri er t . J A , P dge, S g . W

E. Petty

rm R Go an . r . E. . Sa e . a ne . J , H y , A P . L

. H. Snoo Geor e rmstron J k, g A g, P. J. B oli eu Standard American Target RAGE

U. S R . om inati n ar et . . A C b o T g The I nternational Union Target

r rm Ta get L . (U. S. A y) om ination Set : Re o er isto tensi s nd C b v lv , P l, U l , a Case

D tai f ltern i r e ls o A at ng Ta gets, Pit, etc , for 50 ard Ran e y g ” Detai s of Booths at i rin L ine Tro e s and l F g , ll y , Butts for Gallery Ranges Shooting Gallery of the Crescent Athletic

u Brook n N. Y . J AGI NG PAGE I z o Cl b, ly , Correct M anner of Holding the Revolver Correct Position o f the Sights in Aiming at the PAGE 1 28

Showing the Travel of the L ine of the Sights About the Bullseye in Aiming

M oulding Bullets . PISTOL AND REVOL VER SHOOTING

CHAPTER I

I NTRODUCTORY AND HISTORI CAL

I STOL shooting has been practiced ever since grained gunpowder came i nto n n n ge eral use . It is o ly rece tly, how t i n ever, hat t has developed i to a popular pas time and has been recognized as a legitimate ! sport . The useful and practical qualities of the pistol and revolver have been developed al

n - most wholly duri g the last half century. Before this period the small arms designed to be fired with one ha nd were crude and inaccu and n en e n rate , were i t d d to be used o ly at short ra nge as Weapons of defense The

n - e - n si gle barrel d muzzle loadi g pistol has , n h ss n nd n evert ele , bee part of the army a avy ’ O flicer s n n x n en equipme t si ce the si tee th c tury. T hese pistols were of large caliber, smooth

The fi rst pistols of which there is any authentic in formation wer e made about 1 5 40 by one Cami nelleo Vitelli

t i toia I ta rom w ic ace the arm too its name. a P s , ly, f h h pl k 1 4 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

an n Th bored, heavy, d u wieldy. e load was a l and spherical bul et a large charge of powder. Enough accuracy was Obtained to hit a man 2 0 ffi n at I 5 to paces , which was deemed su cie t . The usefulness of these arms in action was fi n n an limited to the ri g of a si gle shot, d then n usi g them as missiles or clubs . The pistol in early days was considered a ’ n — th ge tleman s arm a luxury . It was e arm generally selected for duelling when that code in n n n n 1 0 was vogue , the co testa ts sta di g to 2 0 paces apart and firi ng at the word of com n ma d . The development Of the pistol has been con temporaneous and closely identified with that f riflin O the rifle . With the grooving or g of the barrel , the accuracy was greatly improved n n Al a d the arm adapted to co ical bullets . though numerous attempts were made to devise n and h a multishot arm with fli t, wheel , matc t n n wa s locks , it was no u til the percussio cap invented that a practicable arm of this char” T acter was produced . his was a revolver

n n f nn . inve ted by Colo el Colt O Hartford, Co , n 1 an n O f n i 835 , d co sisted a si gle barrel with a revolving cylinder at the breech containing n n the charges , the mecha ism bei g such that the cocking of the piece after each discharge t e I NTROD UCTORY 1 5 volved the cylinder sufi ciently to bring a n h lo aded chamber i line with t e barrel. The greatest advance in the development of firearms was the introduction of the system of b e - n n n n th r ech loadi g, employing ammu itio i e f r T n e n o m of cartridges . his pri cipl re dered the operation of loading much simpler and u n h fi ienc an q icker, a d vastly improved t e e c y d ‘ n t ge eral utili y of the arms . The present popularity of pistol and t e v r n o nt olve shooti g is due , n doubt, to rece improvements in the arms and ammunition. The a rms are now marvels of fine workman s n n ex hip , easy to ma ipulate , durable , a d tr emel n n y accurate . With the i troductio of sm r n and okeless powde s, the smoke , fouli g, n s n The oi e have been reduced to a mi imum . ff n n e ect of these improveme ts has bee , not n n efli i o ly to i crease the c ency Of the arms , but a o n ls the pleasure of shooti g them . As a n o sport, pistol shooti g has much t com m n . x n e e d it It is a healthful e ercise , bei g pra

For a detailed history of the evolution o f the pistol a nd re o er the rea er is re erre to ex t- oo for v lv , d f ”d T b k Offi cers at Sc oo s O f M us etr on man 8: CO . L on h l k y, L g , d on Krie stechnische Z eitschri t e t I and I I 1 0 1 ; g f , H f , 9 , i n B r in Th M ern merican istol M tt er Soh , e ; e o A l " l d P and Re o er Bra ee i en Boston. M an inter v lv , dl Wh dd , y esting specimens o f ancient and modern pistols and t e volver s are owned and ex hibited by the United States w i om an o f o e M ass. Ca rtr dge C p y L ll. 1 6 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

- - T a re ticed out of doors in the open air . here o n n n undesirable concomita ts, such as gambli g,

n an and n o . I n coarse ess , d rough da ger us play an order to excel, regular d temperate habits and n n of life must be formed mai tai ed . It renders the senses more alert and trains them n n n in r n to act i u ison a d ha mo y. But, above s all , skill in shooting is a useful accompli h

ment . Anyone possessing ordina ry health and

good sight may, by practice , become a good n n pistol shot . Perso s who are richly e dowed by nature with those physical qualities which n o f specially fit them for expert shooti g will , n n course , master the art soo er tha those less favored ; but it has been conclusively shown that excellence is more a question of trainin g n n and practice tha of atural gift . Some of the most brilliant shooting has been done by per sons possessing a decidedly nervous tempera ment ; but those of phlegmatic temperament will generally make more uniform and reliable n marksme . It is much more diflicult to shoot well with n Th the pistol or revolver tha with the rifle . e n latter, havi g a stock to rest against the shoul and one en d o f the der steady piece , has a decided advantage in quick aiming and in pull I N TROD UCTOR Y 1 7 in The r g the trigger . forme , without a stock and being held in one hand with the arm ex n te ded so as to be free from the body, is with an n s n out y a chor or upport whatever, a d is n n n n free to move i all directio s . Co seque tly n h fl the least jar, jerk i pulling t e trigger, pu n n of wi d , or u steadiness of the hand greatly tu n n dis rbs the aim . I tellige t practice will , r ffi and d isad howeve , overcome these di culties vantages to such a degree that an expert shot with a pistol or revolver u nder favorable con ditions can equal a fair shot with a rifle at the u 2 0 0 n n target p to yards. Whe the ovice t e essays to shoot the pistol or revolver, the sults a re generally disappointing and discour aging ; but rapid progress invariably rewards ffo n n the e rts of those who persevere , a d whe Once thoroughly interested in this style of s n n n hooti g, there comes a fasci atio for it that n n freque tly e dures throughout a lifetime . CHAPTER II

ARM S

HE term pistol is frequently applied indiscriminately to the single-shot pistol and A n on the revolver . marked disti cti between these a rms has gradually been devel oped. The pistol is now recognized as a single - sho t m d n ar , adapted for a light charge an desig ed to x secure e treme accuracy . Its use is limited almost exclusively to target and exhibitio n o sho fi ng. The modern revolver is an arm with a t e n i volvi g cylinder holding five or s x cartridges , which are at the instant command of the shoote r n n before it is ecessary to reload . It is desig ed an and for heavy charges , d is a practical for m b n R in id a le weapo . evolvers are made great an variety, d adapted for various purposes , such n as military service , target shooti g, pocket n The and weapo s , etc . best grades of pistols n revolvers may be had at a reaso able price . The cheap grades with which the market is at

20 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

n States army and navy . A sy opsis of the se vere tests leading to the adoption of a maga z ine pistol by the War Department of the United States government may be found in

A n x . the ppe di — M ilita ry An na The revolver and the n magazi e pistol are used for military service . To fulfill the requirements these arms must be s n an h n t tro g, very durable , d wit sta d a grea amount of hard usage without becoming dis “ ” The ff n s in abled . e ective es , or stepp g power, n The is of prime importa ce . caliber should be a n n and large, the bullet should have blu t poi t , the powder charge should be sufliciently pow erful to give a penetration of at least six inches in n T n n a o pi e . here was a te de cy some years g to reduce the caliber of military revolvers . While this resulted in increased velocity and n n n d Of pe etratio , a d reduce the weight the n n no in ammu itio , it did t improve the stepp g power of the a rms .

The n ff n 8- i i e ective ess of the . 3 caliber serv ce revolver charge was frequently complained o f by the officers and men serving in the Philip n T t pine Isla ds . his was due o the light pow d er charge and the conoidal shaped point of

- ~ . T the bullet o remedy this weakness . 4 5 cali ber revolvers were issued for the Philippine ARM S 21

i ew -c e serv ce , and a n . 45 aliber car tridge d signed to which magazine pistol manufacturers w n an Un n ere i vited to adapt arm . fortu ately t ne no his w cartridge , which is w the service a n n n mmu ition, has also a co oidal poi ted bullet, i no n and n n d e s t well proportio ed, co seque tly velops only a part Of its stopping power pos ibiliti s es. The sights must in all cases be very sub sta ntial n , a d solidly fixed to the frame or bar

! The m . 8 re . trigger pull varies fro 4 to

n . n in pou ds , the barrel from 4 to 7% i ches

n and 2 n . le gth , the weight from 2 to % pou ds Ammunition loaded with smokeless powder is no n u w i variably sed for military service.

The Service Revolvers still in use in the U . S.

A he h and rmy are t Smit Wesson Colt , both 4 . h e 5 cal . By t e use of a special clip fitting th crease in the shells these arms have been a dapted to the rimless ammunition of the Ser

vice magazine pistol . These arms are enlarged

and . heavier counterparts Of the . 38 cal models

the and n of same makers , represe t, without

the h doubt, ighest development of the military

. 1 . revolver See Figs . and 2 They have solid

and n Of n frames , the actio s both are almost ide c n n n on ti al , the cyli der swi gi g out to the left, 22 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R Th l h n . e a hinge, w e released by a catch shel s may then be extracted simultaneously by push h The ing back t e extractor rod . Smith Wesson has an additional hinge- locking de ein f n The a n vic front O the cyli der . Colt has automatic safety lock between the hammer an d n n th e the frame , permitting discharge o ly whe A es trigger is pulled . part from these featur there is very little d ifference between these a rms . 4

Th - M r e Smith Wesson . 44 caliber ilita y Revolver is the latest model of the large cali n an n n ar e ber revolvers . Its actio d ge eral li es

8- is the same as the . 3 caliber military, but it

an n . a larger, heavier, d more powerful weapo Other excellent military revolvers are th e Colt New Service and the Smith 8: Wesson R n and in . ussia model , usually 4 5 caliber 4 4 T a n n fo r caliber, respectively . he mmu itio these arms was formerly loaded with black powder ; but smokeless cartridges have been t e n adapted to h m , which give slightly i creased and c velocity the same accura y. (See Fig. 4 , n faci g p . The Smith Wesson Russia n model has a

n - u n an t hi ge tip p actio , with automatic ejec in The c n r n g device . a tio is ope ated by raisi g in n o f is to a catch fro t the hammer . It easy n an on n the s ma ipulate d , accou t of acces ibility I ‘ I g . l . 8:

3 8 c a l. I I . M L T A R Y R EVO LV E R

S i x s h c l s : 6 ! i nch b a r r el : “ r i 1 l b 1 5 o r t . gh .

S ix shots ; 6 i nch b a r r el l we ighl 2 3 0 7 " AS c a .

M I LI

ARM S 23

Of the breech, the barrel can be r eadily in

s ected and n . T n n p clea ed his arm is si gle actio .

. n (See Fig 5 , faci g p . The action of the Colt New Service is sim

t - ila to that of the . 3 8 caliber revolver shown in 2 Fig. , with a solid frame . It is double a n ctio . ’ The Colt Oflicer s M odel is identical in eve ry r espect with the Army Special ex cept that it is fitted with adjustable target sights and may be had with lengths of barrel up to 7y. n i ches . The n m n n foregoi g arms , with good am u itio , are capable of making groups of ten shots on a - n 0 3 i ch circle at 5 yards . The Colt single action Army is the most popular belt or holster weapon among ranch

men and . , cowboys , prospectors , others It has n an ex a solid frame , simple mecha ism , d is ceed in l and The g y durable reliable . arm is operated by opening a gate on the right-hand O f n The side , back the cyli der . cartridges are n in n i serted the cyli der through the gate , the cylinder being revolved by hand until the t e c i e I n spe t v chambers come opposite the gate . the same manner the shells are ejected by push ing the extractor rod back into each of the

6 n . chambers . (See Fig. , faci g p Schofiel M n d . The Smith 8: Wesso odel , 4 5 24 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

c n c aliber , was formerly a U ited States servi e

n. Th n n weapo e ammu itio for this arm , while t less powerful than the . 4 5 Colt, was admi r n ha d ably adapted for milita y service, a d

much less recoil .

The . S M Webley Scott W . odel revolver The is an English arm of much merit . caliber “ n - n h is 4 5 5 . It has a hi ge tip up actio , wit an automatic extractor very similar to th e

n . n . Smith 8: Wesso . (See Fig 7 , faci g p The service weapon adopted by the Joint War Office and Admiralty Committee for the British army and navy is the Webley 8: Scott I h n M ark V revolver . T is model is almost ide “ ” he . x t tical with the U . S model e cept that

n an th . 6 oz . barrel is 6 in . lo g d e weight is 2 lbs T e 4 a th h . nd e Service Cartridge is 5 5 cal . l charge 6 % gr . Cordite and a conical bu let

weighing 265 gr .

An En e -F ”other glish arm is the Webl y os e bury automatic revolver . Th recoil revolv in d and n a g the cylin er cocki g the hammer, it c n l be fired as rapid y as the automatic pistols . It

is chambered for the . 4 5 5 service cartridge l n T a rm oaded with 5 % grai s of cordite . his n n n 1 0 0 See 8 has bee i troduced si ce 9 . ( Fig. , n faci g p . Among the leading magaz ine or automatic f pistols used or military service are the Colt,

ARM S 25

L 8: M uger, Webley Scott, Savage , auser,

Kn nn - M oble , Bergma , White errill , Steyr, M nnl M and M Of a icher, ors Bayard . ost these a rms were tested by the United States goven ment previous to the adoption of the Colt as n A and the service weapo of the U . S . rmy

N . . n . avy (See Fig 9 , faci g p The L uger has been adopted as the service w n G n n eapo by erma y, Switzerla d, Portugal ,

n and l . 1 0 Bulgaria , Holla d, Brazi . (See Fig , n faci g p .

The - Webley Scott . 45 5 caliber) was adopt ed as the service arm by the British navy in

- 1 1 1 2 . 2 . 9 , and the . 3 caliber (weight I lb oz ) is now the adopted arm of the L ondon City I I and M etropolitan police forces . (See Fig. , n faci g p . n n n I n most of these weapo s , i cludi g the 8: L and Colt, Webley Scott, uger, Steyr pis n in n tols , the cartridges are i serted magazi es which feed them into the breech through the I n M s handle . the auser pi tol the cartridges ar e supplied through clips from the top and forced into a magaz ine located in front of the

1 2 n . trigger . (See Fig. , faci g p The magazine pistols can be fired at the ” T rate of about five shots per second . hese a rms equal the best military revolvers in accu 26 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

M any persons believe that the magazine pis tol will soon supersede the revolver fo r gener a l n use . While this may be the case eve tually , it is not likely to occur within the next few Th n o d years . e magazi e pistol is more c mplicate , and consequently more d iflicult to learn to shoot i h On ac an n . w t d care for, tha the revolver count o f the special problems to be solved in e an s n n the m ch i m , ma y of them bala ce poorly and the tr igger pull is almo st i nvariably long n n Th n fin lli a d creepi g . e ovice will also d it di flinchi cult to avoid ng in shooting these arms , on o n re acc u t of the recoil mechanism , louder he n n n r p o rt. etc . T li e of sight bei g co side e than if not ably high r the grip , they are held f in n a t per ectly plumb , or the same positio t n irr e u each shot, the shoo i g is liable to be g The s r t n re lar. co t is mo e ha that of a good n n e can volver . U til these u d sirable features be e na e l r medied or elimi t d, the revolver wi l n a rm probably remai a popul r a . — Ta r get Ar ms For target purposes the s ss e a a is es a To oh greate t po ibl ccur cy d ir ble . n t n ea r es ess n a in r tai his , ma y f tu e ti l a milita y e a a s a s arm are s acr ificed . D lic te dju t ble sight r r the are employed , the trigge pull is educed, n h e is n ea le gt of the barr l i cr sed, the charge reduced, etc . ARM S 27

The most accurate arms available at the present time are the single- shot pistols manu factur ed 8: n n by Smith Wesso , Spri gfield, T T M s he . n 8: O . as , J Steve s Arms ool C , Chic

o M s A G n N . Y. pee Falls , as ; Fred dolph, e oa , T 2 2 hese pistols are furnished in calibers from . rim- fir - T en e . n fir e to 3 8 ce tral . he barrels are g erally 1 0 inches in length and the trigger pull 2 o n n p u ds . I the latest approved form these pis o 2 2 e e and t ls are of . calib r sp cially bored cham

- b fo r fir e . 2 2 n ered the rim , caliber lo g rifle cart T a n n h n ridge . his is light, clea , pleasa t s ooti g h an n c arge , d may be fired ma y times with very t n h Of lit le fatigue . Pistol shooti g wit arms this caliber is rapidly becoming a popular pastime n n for ladies as well as ge tleme . The Smith 8: Wesson pistol has a tip - up action a nd an automatic extra ctor . It is made of the best materials and with the greate st care . The fitting and workma nship ar e superior to

- The that O f any other machine made pi stol . action is similar to that of the Ru ssian M odel

e . a n . revolv r . (See Fig I 3 , f ci g p The Stevens pistols were formerly furni shed in three models and for ma ny years they have enjoyed merited popularity for target shoot in n n en Th sto g amo g the leadi g marksm . is pi l Off is now supplied only in the NO . 3 5 or 28 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R T hand arget M odel , which like the earlier models has a tip-up action and an automatic x A n on e tractor . small k ob the left side is pressed to release the barrel and operate the n I n actio . (See Fig . 4 , faci g p . The Remington pistol has an exceedingly

n n nd n n - stro g actio , a is the o ly machi e made f n . pistol with an action adapted or regulatio 44 ,

. and 0 . 45 , 5 caliber cartridges It has a large n an The n O ha dle d a heavy barrel . actio is p crated when the hammer is at full - cock by

n - throwi g back the breech block with the thumb , n Un simulta eously ejecting the empty shell . fortunately the manufacture Of these weapons

n n n n . 1 has rece tly bee disco ti ued . (See Fig 5 , n faci g p .

- The Adolph Weber pistol designed by M . Z n Casimir Weber, of urich , Switzerla d, is a high grade hand- made arm that can be supplied b n a n y M r . Fred Adolph in accorda ce with y

specifications that the marksman may desire . 1 n r u a n Fig. 6 illustrates it conformi g to the les d

n R n. U . A regulatio s of the S . evolver ssociatio

n - n resemb It has a stro g, durable , tip up actio n in n O f the n and h n li g pri ciple that Steve s , w e closed the barrel is securely locked in position c n on ef by a cross bolt , a tuated by a butto the l t

. . 1 6 n side (See Fig , faci g p . The Adolph - M artini is a weapon d e luxe — 'l l l E P A A F 1 0 . ig . R ll E U O L L” M R “ LU GE R A U T O M AT I C P I ST O L

E ight shots ; 4 3 I n ch ba r r el w h I i . eight ,

' - F ig . 1 2 . M AL S E R A UTO M AT I C P I ST O L

T en o 5 n lmr rv l “ sh ts ; } i ch . eight . l 30 c a .

30 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R will be more space between the cylinder and the breech end of the barrel in some positions of h i The t e cylinder than n others . result will be va rying amounts of gas escaping from the dif h h n an us ferent c ambers of t e cyli der , d co e n l n The O f que t y irregular shooti g . accuracy the n n revolver depe ds largely, too , upo the degree o f perfection in which all the chambers of the cylinder align with the bore of the barrel at the n n a n i sta t of disch rge . Whe the chambers do not n n alig perfectly, the bullet e ters the barrel ff eccentrically and a portion of it is shaved o . T n his is fatal to accuracy, especially whe n smokeless powder is used . Imperfect alig ment o f chamber and barrel is also a frequent “ ” O f n O f r cause the leadi g the bar el . Some very ingenious mecha nical expedients are used in the best revolvers to reduce to a minimum the wear of tho se parts which operate and hold l n in the cy i der position . The revolvers generally used for target sho oting are the military arms already de c n f or s ribed , with lo ger barrels , chambered e sp cial cartridges , fitted with target sights , a n and o speci l ha dles , ther modifications to suit a n f n the whims d tastes o i dividuals . Some of these m o difications are distinctly ad v antageous . One of the most recent fads is to skeletonize the hammer by boring away as much PI STO L

- r w I Te n i n ch b a r el : eight .

w eight ,

P I STO L

2 lli s . . 8

ARM S 3 1 metal as possible and to increase the tension of n Th n ff the mai spring. e combi ed e ect is almost n n n i sta t respo se to the trigger pull . The best and most ex perienced shots are careful to keep the modifications O f all their arm s within the rules and regulations of the ! n n n n various atio al orga izatio s , in order that they may be used in the a nnual competitions and T n other important events . hese orga iza n n an n tio s co trol the pistol d revolver shooti g, and n n co duct annual competitio s . Freak arms which do not comply with the rules are not n n allowed i the competitio s , are seldom an no n practical , d have little or value other tha x T for e perimental purposes . arget arms are generally used for trick and exhibition shoot i ns t — P o cket Ar ms The most extensive use of the r evolver as a pocket weapon is for police n service . Special arms are ma ufactured to T n are meet the requirements . hese weapo s

The Unite States Revo er ssociation The Nationa d lv A , l Rifle ssociation o f Great Britain and the Unite S oot A , d h i i ti F Fo r ro mme n tai s n Soc e es o f rance. r a s a d e g p g d l , h ri f he r i r iz ti n addr ess t e secreta es o t espect ve o gan a o s.

1' For descriptions and illustrations of this”style of shootin see The Art o f Re o er S ootin Wal g, v lv h g, by ’ in n tn m S ns N w Yor and L on ter W a s (G. P. Pu a s o , e k d on is e a rat wor contains a so muc etai e ) . Th l bo e k l h d l d in ormation a ua e su estions and man inter estin f , v l bl gg , y g otin personal ex periences in relation to revolver sho g. 32 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

generally similar to the military revolvers , but smaller in size and adapted for lighter l . A l n charges projectio s , such as sights , ham

. n n as mer, etc , must be elimi ated or mi imized so not to catch in drawing the arm from the pocket Th o to or holster. e barrels are usually fr m 3 5 n in n n and i ches le gth, the trigger pull 4 pou ds

. Th are 2 2 8. e the caliber to . 3 larger calibers much preferable for the general purposes of an Th ff n in h arm of this character . e di ere ce weig t an ff n Of is slight , while the power d e ective ess the large calibers is important and a great ad

vantage . The in 1 8 and 1 pocket arms shown Figs . 9 are practically reduced sizes of the milita ry r n in 1 T and 2 . a ms show Figs . hey have solid frames and actions identical with those of the t The 8: n e mili ary arms . Smith Wesso is mad n in o ly in . 3 2 caliber but the Colt may be had

2 . 8. n. . 3 or 3 Both are double actio The Colt Police Special is similar in model o 1 8 li an nd t Fig. but is s ghtly larger d heavier a ca n be had chambered for the powerful . 3 8 2 n er caliber Special , or the . 3 caliber Wi chest cartrid ges . Th 8: n D n Per e Smith Wesso ouble Actio , f ected n a r , is a improved model of this popul n n n pocket weapo , havi g a double locki g action.

. 2 0 n (See Fig , faci g p . P I STO L

Ten- n b a r r l ; w i i ch e e ght .

cal .

i ' n . 1 7 t l g . . S T I N ' ‘ l ’ l S l H L

l o 3 - l o in lia n c l : “ r i h ch g t .

P O LI CE

R E VO LVE R

Six sho ts ; 4 i nch ba rrel ; w l z 2 l b . 4 o . . 3 I ca . eight , , ;

34 P I S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

- e an the 2 and rim fir cartridges , d 3 caliber short

- fir T n n . lo g Colt , ce tral e cartridges hese arms

- with 6 inch barrels are ex tremely accurate, pleasant to shoo t on account of the light recoil x n T and the ammunition is ine pe sive . hey are well adapted for target shooting for ladies and

x l n for . e ce le t small game shooting. (See Figs 2 2 and A very handy little arm to ca rry in the pock et on hunting and fishing trips is the Stevens

D n M n - iamo d odel si gle shot pistol . It is light in n i a n . weight , very accurate , d low cost (See

2 n . Fig . 4 , faci g p l 2 2 n A l these . caliber arms can be depe ded on n to kill grouse , ducks , rabbits , a d other small

T - n n game . he hollow pointed bullet ammu itio l shou d be used, or the regular cartridge , with the n off fro t of the bullet cut square , so as to e n T n n l ave a flat poi t . his will i crease the killi g ff c e e t of the bullet considerably . M agazine pistols of smaller size than the military arms have in recent years become pop n h ular as pocket weapo s . Suc types as have safety devices to prevent discharge when the n n arm is ot properly held for firi g, are well f adapted o r this purpose . The M i Colt Pocket odels are made n . 3 8 and 2 in 2 n n . a d caliber .3 caliber as show Fig 5 ,

ARM S 35

in . 2 u i n 5 caliber as ill strated n Fig. 2 6 (faci g an pp . 36 d Th 8 e Savage Pocket M odel is made in . 3 n n t a d . 3 2 caliber usi g the same car ridge as the n n n Colt . It has a automatic i dicator showi g n when the arm is loaded . A rece t improve ment in this arm is a spur cocking lever which permits cocking with the thumb of the hand

ho n n . 2 n . ldi g the weapo . (See Fig 7, faci g p 38 The Smith 8: Wesson automatic is furnished

on in . ly 3 5 caliber. It has a wood stock backed The in by steel plates . automatic safety this arm is located in front of the trigger guard and

. 2 8 is operated by the second finger . (See Fig ,

facing p . n As i the case of pocket revolvers , the larger calibers O f the pocket automatic pistols will be found to have better stopping power and as practical weapons for use in case of emergency

are to be preferred to the smaller calibers . Persons who have very limited use for a weapon as for home protection and occasional n not x pocket use , especially whe they do e pect to practice shooting with it regularly will find a s o serv icable uitable revolver much m re , safer , and gene r ally mo r e sati sfactory than a maga z n The on n i e pistol . latter accou t of its more 36 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

complicated and concealed mechanism is liable to be left in an unserviceable condition for safety in n n the home (u loaded, magazi es misplaced,

. and n n n t etc ) whe eeded, u familiari y with its

’ manipulation not only causes delay in getting it n i action but also is a fruitful source of accident . For the pu rpose referred to in this paragraph 8 a . 3 caliber Smith 8: Wesson Safety Hammer 8 . 2 less , a 3 or . 3 caliber Colt Police Positive , or a . 3 2 caliber Smith 8: Wesson Hand Ej ector with a 4 - i nch barrel and a 4 - pound trigger pull in each case is recommended . Owners of such weapons for home or personal protection should n n practice with them occasio ally, firi g at least

2 0 or 2 5 shots . A good ra nge for such prae n tice is 2 0 to 30 feet . After usi g the arm it should in all cases be carefully cleaned and n n n and e Oiled as d”escribed u der Clea i g Car of Arms . P O S I T I V E TAR G E T R E VO LV E R

Q ‘ v e n ; 6 n lu’t l n l ; W e shots i ch eight .

a n d . 32 ca l .

F i — s . 24 . STE VE N S D I AM O ND M O DE L P I STO L

C l i x in ch ba rr el : weight

22 ca l .

C O LT AU TO . M ATI C P O CKE T P I ST O L

E igh t shots ; 3 ? mc h Im rrc l : w h I l . eight , , 3 . 2 a nd 8 c a l 3 .

3 8 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

get good results with black powder ammunition was a great drawback , and detracted much from n n the pleasure of revolver shooti g . Fortu ate ly this Objection is now entirely eliminated by e th use of smokeless powders . Nearly all the cartridges referred to in this chapter were originally designed for black Th n now powder . e various ma ufacturers sup ply them loaded with smokeless powder at a T very slight advance in price . he cartridges are loaded so as to give approximately the same velocity as the former black powder charges but the newcharges are rarely the ex act equiva n n le t of the old o es . The accuracy and uniformity with the smoke less powder was not at first equal to that O f the n Of n black, but with a better k owledge the actio f e and behavior o the smokeless powders , thes d ifliculties have been overcome a nd the smoke less ammunition now gives not only superio r a h accuracy nd reliability, but also causes muc

less fouling and smoke and has a lighter report . I n gallery ammunition light conical bullets have entirely superseded spherical bullets and s smokeless powder is almost i nvariably u ed . n To obtain the best results , the proportio s h the of any c a r ge must be adapted to caliber,

n th o f r an h in h le g ba rel, d weig t of the arm whic 6 F i g . 2 . C O LT AUTO M ATI C P OCKET P I ST O L

2 n b a r r l we Sev en sh o ts ; i ch e ; ight ,

2 l . 1 3 o z . ; 5 c a

Fig . 2 7 .

AU TO M AT I C P O CKE T P I STO L ‘ l en sh o ts ; 4 } i n ch

b r r w . 1 b a el ; eight l .

5 o z . ; . 32 a nd . 3 8

W ES SO N AUTO M AT I C P O CKET P I STO L

E t 3 n ba r r w i 1 lb igh shots ; ! i ch el ; e ght , z 7 } o . : 3 5 c al .

AM M UNI TI ON 39

t Th it is o be used . ese proportions are gener a n x lly determi ed by e periment . The accuracy O f the cartridge depends large ly upon the uniformity exerci sed in the Op o n n O f ratio s of loadi g, the fit the bullet, its and an n shape , the reliability d u iformity of the Th f powder . e primer must be O f uni orm

n t in . I n stre g h also , especially reduced charges a mmunition for military service the shells are

crimped on the bullets to hold them in place . This does not increase the accuracy in black n n n s a nd a d powder ammu itio , but it is ece sary vanta geous in all smokeless ammuniti o n in n s in n n cludi g gallery charge , order to co fi e the

powder and produce unifo rm r esults . The following is a digest Of the principal pistol and revolver cartridges in use at the present time .

- a T Rim fir e C r tridges . hese are primed with

' a fulminate of mercury mixture around the f s h and outer edge O the rim , or ba e of the s ell , ‘ e L esmok - are generally load d with , semi smoke

o r . less , black powder

The smallest and lightest charged ammuni

in n 2 2 . I n tion ge eral use is the . caliber this 40 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

n caliber the C . B . or Co ical Ball Cap loaded with black powder is the smallest practicable Th I f cartridge . e charge is V; grains O powder and a lubricated conical bullet weighing 2 9

grains .

F igure 30 .

An ex cellent cartridge in this caliber is the 2 2 T short, (Fig. his cartridge fouls very little and is almost equal in accuracy to the

. 2 2 n 0 On n lo g rifle up to 5 yards . accou t of its lighter report it is preferred by many fo r n gallery shooti g.

1 Figure 3 .

2 2 n e The . caliber lo g rifle cartridge is mor extensively u sed for pistol shooting than any 2 2 other . It is the most accurate of the . cali n r n ber cartridges , bei g well propo tio ed, the im e and uncr ed . bull t well lubricated, the shell p n n n n inex I additio to this , the ammu itio is n pensive and has very clea shooti ng qualities . a f It is , therefore , particul rly well adapted o r T s n . s pistol hooti g hi cartridge , fired from a

1 0 - n a e s i ch b rr l , will hoot regularly inside of a AM M UNI TI ON 41

2 - n 0 and n - n i ch circle , at 5 yards , i side a 5 i ch circle at 1 0 0 yards .

The 2 2 - L n R A r and . caliber o g ifle rmo y

2 2 - 8: n L n the . caliber Smith Wesso o g are special makes of the long rifle cartridge that are fur nish n n ed with a crimped shell , preve ti g the bul let from becoming dislodged and thus adapting this popular cartridge for use in revolvers of this caliber. I n all of the foregoi ng cartridges only the surface O f the bullet outside the shell is lubri cated Ex in n . posed this way, the lubrica t is ff n easily rubbed O , or melted if allowed to sta d in the sunlight on a warm day . Great care n should be taken to preve t this , as , without n and lubricatio , the bullets will lead the barrel cause inaccurate shooting .

i r 2 F gu e 3 .

2 2 - The . caliber Winchester is a cartridge n n with i side lubricatio . It is more powerful than

. 2 2 n and the lo g rifle , gives good results in the Th . e n pistol bullet has a flat poi t, making it n and suitable for game shooti g, the lubrication n th e being withi shell , these cartridges may be in carried loose the pocket . 42 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

f 2 2 can h All O the . caliber cartridges be a d

- n with hollow poi ted bullets , which are to be pre f n T erred for game shooti g. hey are also fur nis ed n h loaded with smokeless powder . Whe

2 2 - m this powder was first used in . caliber a n n mu itio the results were far from satisfactory , but as now manufactured the smokeless am munition approximates very closely in u niform ity and accuracy to that loaded with black

powder. T n n e here still remai s , however, co siderabl difi culty with the rim- fir e smokeless ca rtridges on account of their liability to rust the inside of ! T the barrel . he novice is therefore cautioned not to use this ammunition until the difficulty O f n rusti g is overcome .

- h 2 . n T e . 5 cal Steve s is a much more powerful c n an Of n n artridge tha y the precedi g, a d gives x n in e celle t results the pistol . It is selected

The d ifliculty is probably caused by the priming com position used at th e present time in smokeless rim- fi re a m muni i com ositi ns ar wit iff er n m t on. These p o v y h d e t anu facturers but most o f t em contain u minate Of mer cur , h f l y, f w r e s c orate O otas o e a s etc. The trou e is hl p h, p d d gl , bl probably caused pr incipally by the chlor ate o f potash nd er a s the u minate o f mercur At an rat a . e p h p by f l y y . a corrosive r esidue is left which attacks the bar rel and i to rust r imin com osition re rom causes t . A p g p f e f dele erious su stances and w ic wi not ea e a corro i t b , h h ll l v s ve r esi ue is r ent nee e fo r oth rim- fi re and center d , ug ly d d b

fi re ammuni ti on .

44 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R t n Of f n r io the bullet is inside O the shell , re de ing the ammunition much more serviceable and less liable to be damaged . M antled bullets designated as metal point ed and full metal patched can be supplied by the ammunition manufacturers for all the central- fir e cartridges at a cost of one dolla r per thousa nd more than the regular lead bul The n m lets . mantled bullets do ot defor and e in n n n . as readily ha dli g, shippi g, etc , giv n slightly i creased penetration in soft woods ,

n . n a imal tissue , etc , as compared with the plai h lead bullet with the same powder c arge .

i ure 35 . Figure 34. F g d - 2 . 8: . The . 3 caliber S W cartridge is adapte n to the Smith 8: Wesso , Colt , or other pocket

n n - revolvers . Occasio ally si gle shot pistols are a c chambered for this cartridge . It is fairly A curate at ranges up to 5 0 yds . gallery charge is furnished in this shell consisting of 4 grai ns of black powder and a spherical or round

bullet weighing 47 grains .

- 8: L n e 2 . . . The . 3 cal S W o g is more accurat

and powerful than the preceding cartridge . It AM M UNI TI ON 45

gives excellent results in both the pistol and te The r volver . galle y charge is the same as that f O . 2 . 8: the 3 S W.

T - he . 3 2 caliber Colt NewPolice is also an ac cu and rate cartridge , was designed specially fo r the New T Colt Police revolver. he flat point a to ff n dds its e ective ess . A good gallery charge i n this shell consists of a powder charge of I V: n and grai s of Bullseye the regular bullet .

i F gure 36.

- T . h . 8: e . 2 . 8: . and 8 3 S W the . 3 44 S W w ere special black powder cartridges designed f o r 8: . R n M the S W . ussia odel revolver bored f o r Th e uncrim e these calibers . e shells w re p d a n d the bullets seated inside of the shells flush A with the mouth . large variety of special bul lets O f va rying weights were designed for these ca rtridges and much experimentation was done

The 8- n with them . . 3 44 Caliber was origi ally designed for and largely used by Chevalier Ira in x A . n n Pai e , the oted pistol shot his e hibit

ions . While these cartridges proved very accurate and were popular when black powde r was in general ude they are entirely unsuited for smoke 46 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

less powders and consequently are now seldom s u ed. Th 8: h 8: e . 8 t e 3 S . W. is adapted to Smith

n and . Wesso , Colt, other pocket revolvers It h t n the . 2 8: W . is much more powerful a 3 S . , and is consequently more practical and better a h n adapted for pocket revolver charge . W e

- n ten shot from a 4 i ch barrel , groups of shots can be made in a 2 - inch circle at 2 0 yards and

in 6- n 0 a i ch circle at 5 yards . A good gallery or reduced load in this shell

l No . 82 2 60 2 60 0 2 is Ideal Bu let 35 4 , 3 7 , or 3 3 2 n with grai s of Bullseye powder .

Fi ure Fi gure 37 g 38.

Th Ne s n al e . 3 8 Colt w Police is almo t ide tic l ff n n 8: . n 8 . with the . 3 S W , the o y di ere ce bei g fl n a slightly heavier bullet with a at poi t . e L n Th . 3 8 o g Colt is adapted to the Colt

' Fl u t 39.

' and . 8: . M ilitaf ievolver S W y s. It was the regulation charge of the service weapon of the

U. . A n l 1 1 1 S rmy u ti 9 . Under service con AM M UNI TI ON 47 d itions the cartridge was found to have in ffi n n su cie t power, was i accurate and on account of the deterioration O f the powder with which some of the ammunition was loaded it proved n in e most u satisfactory, especially th Philippine w ar .

The 3 8 Smith 8: Wesson Special cartridge is m L o n and ore powerful tha n the . 3 8 g Colt is ex n 6 - n six ceedi gly accurate . From a i ch barrel shots may be placed withi n a 5 - inch circle at

N an - n 1 0 0 yards . umerous gallery d mid ra ge charges with special bullets have been designed now f o rthis cartridge . It is the most popular o f all the revolver cartridges for target practice . Some O f the special bullets are illustrated here n n in with , the umbers bei g those used the Ideal Handbook

35 8242 86072

1 2 r. 1 1 r. 5 g 5 g 1 1 0 gr. 800303 800271 360863

1 1 2 gr

A powder charge of 2 % to 2 % grains of Bullseye will give good results with any of these

. o 60 60 0 2 and 60 bullets Bullets N . 3 34 5 , 3 3 3

2 1 - n 7 cut full size bullet holes i the targets . The following are some of the special charges supplied by the manufacturers in this shell

Ga er M C CO . 5 70 ll y . 2 Tar get M . C. Co. 1 30 R. N. Co t S ecia M C. CO 1 60 F . N. l p l . . Sh ar S ou M H a d er . C. CO. B e 22 F e d p h l ullsey 1 . Mid Range ter 2 0 Bullseye 104 Gal er 8 C. . 7 N. l y 5 P W. 0 R " Th - e . 44 caliber Smith 8: Wesso n Russian was the mo st popular revolver ca rtridge fo r target shooti ng before smokele ss powder was n n i troduced . Si ce smokeless charges have been

SO named after its adoption as the service ammunition r o f the Russian caval y. i re 2 F gu 4 . adapted to it many expert shots prefer this cart ridge in the gallery contests as the large bullet hole is a decided advantage over the smaller N calibers at ranges of 2 0 yards and under . early all the great records in revolver shooting in the past have been made with this cartridge and many important matches have been won with it . A great deal Of experimental work has also e n n n b e do e with it, a d many reduced charges n The M n n ha ve bee evolved . Ideal a ufacturi g Company can furnish moulds for bullets of the h n in . s apes a d weights shown Fig 43 .

429336 42925 1

4291 00 I l . l I . (L

I l . l I . CL

r . 2 13 2 6 r 1 1 r 1 r . 1 5 5 8 5 g . 0 g . 30 g 75 g

429220 42921 5 4291 06 429239 429348

1 6 r r . 1 r. 1 76 gr. 0 g . 2 0 5 g 75 g 5 0 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

’ No 2 2 nd 2 2 2 0 Bullets . 4 9336, 4 9348, a 4 9

n - in The cut clea , full size holes the target. weight of the powder charge and bullets in grains and the accuracy of the various loads fired from a 6 % - inch barrel are about as fo l lows

3 in .

7 in .

These various loads adapt this shell to almost in a ny conceivable requirement revolver shoot

- Of . most powerful the .44 caliber cartridges It

i ure F g 44.

8: R n in and equals the . 44 S . W. ussia accuracy is the best proportioned O f the heavy revolve r The and s o f cartridges . reduced gallery load

5 2 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

in the and n n as ma n s”ame shell is k ow the stopper . This form of bullet is used in the English

. 0 an 45 d . 3 8 caliber cartridges also . The 0 n En e . 4 5 Welby is a other glish cartridg i nd n . s that is accurate , a pleasa t to shoot It used largely at Bisley in the annual revolve r competitions of the National Rifl e Associ a tion of Great Britain. In order to avoid excessive f ouling with black powders a self- lubricating bullet has been n n and n 8: n i ve ted i troduced by Smith Wesso , which can be furnished in all calibers abov e Th i h . 2 e n n t e 3 . bullet has a hollow core ope L n n rear . ubrica t is filled i to the core , afte r n r which it is closed with a lead plu ger. Fou small ducts communicate from the forward end of the core to the exterior of the bullet just ahead of its beari ng on the barrel . At the moment O f discharge the plunge r is driven rw n n h fo ard , forci g the lubrica t through t e n O f ducts i to the barrel ahead the bullet . This bullet has given excellent results and will be found decidedly advantageous when black powder is used . With it a hundred or more sho ts may be fired with black powder without causing sufficient fouling to impair the accuracy. AM M UNI TI ON 5 3

Revolvers are sometimes chambered for the

- - — - - - . 0 2 0 0 8 0 1 80 and . 2 2 0 1 I 44 4 , the .3 4 , the 3 5 T in rifle cartridges . hese charges black pow d er load are not as accurate as the correspond in b t g revolver cartridges in these calibers , u can be relied on to shoot inside a 5 -inch circl e 0 e at 5 yards . These cartridges are desirabl f or revolvers only when it is an advantage to use the same ammunition in the rifle and t e v i n n a olver, or n certai localities where o ly few n The v arieties of ammu ition are to be had . large powder charge makes the recoil O f the n first two cartridges named rather unpleasa t.

T 2 - 2 0 - 1 1 u e he . 3 5 is the most acc rate of thes th in ca rtridges, a nd gives e best results the r All pistol or revolve . these cartridges hav ing flat- pointed bullets are well adapted fo r n N n r game shooti g. o e of these rifle cart idges loaded with smokeless powder will give good r esults in revolvers because the brand of pow d er generally used in rifle ammunition requires a n n lo g barrel to co sume the charge . Fired from a short barrel only part of the charge will be consumed and the rest will be expelled un n n bu rned , thus reduci g the velocity a d power O f the charge and sometimes increasing the re It Of n coil . is course e tirely practicable to adapt a charge of bullseye or similar smokeless 5 4 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

powder to these shells which would mak e them d isad van much more satisfactory . Another tage Of using the rifle cartridge in r evolvers is the possibility of inexperienced persons using ne n h the w high velocity rifle ammu ition, whic would prove not only most unsatisfactory but ex n i T are tremely da gerous n revolvers . here no reduced or gallery loads supplied in these

shells . Auto a ti P s — the m c i tol Car tfl dges. With introduction O f the magazine pistol special smokeless cartridges have been devised that are rimless and have a crease around the base of the shell by which they may be held and n n T ma ipulated by the mecha ism . hese cart

x - Sev trid ges are e ceedingly clean shooting. eral hundred rounds may be fired without caus ing more fouling than is apparent after the first

i r Fi ur e 1 . F gu e 5 0 . g 5

Fi ur e 2 . i r g 5 F gu e 53. AM M UNI TI ON 5 5

i Figure 5 7. F gure 56. T few shots . his ammunition is furnished loaded with full-m antled and soft-nosed n bullets ; the latter , havi g the lead exposed at the point will mushroom on striki ng animal tissue and are sometimes referred to as dum dum bullets and are intended for hunting pur poses . The mantled or metal cased bullet has un n in n n in doubted adva tages rifle ammu itio , which low traj ectory and extreme lo ng range are d esid er a ta that can be obtai ned only by I n n n n high velocities . ammu itio for magazi e Oh pistols and revolvers , however, the prime j ect is to deliver the most effective blow pos n sible at comparatively short ra ge . The velocities attainable in large calibers within the permissible weight of an automatic pistol are comparatively low . The deforma tion Of any bullet on striking a nimal tissue is 5 6 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R in e direct propo rtion to its velocity. It is , ther x e fore, e tremely doubtful that a metal cas d f bullet will ever prove as ef”fective and satis a c tory in stopping power and for military e i th e s rvice , either n the automatic pistol or revolver, as the large caliber lead bullet . The 2 A n . 5 cal . is the smallest of the merica made automatic pistol ammunition and is adapt n n s ed for the Colt a d other magazi e pi tols . It is an accurate cartridge but the short length o f barrel of the Colt weapon makes it impossible to do accurate work with it . Figures 49 and 5 0 are the well known L uge r and M auser cartridges adapted to the pistols n T a c of that ame . hey are powerful charges , an n T n curate d clea n shooti g . hese were amo g the first cartridges developed for automati c pistols and are still extensively used .

The . 3 2 Automatic Colt is adapted to Colt and other maga zi ne pistols of this caliber . It i n n n h s a accurate , pleasa t shooti g cartridge wit very little recoil and ex cellent work can be done with it at the target . Th h . 8: . t e e . 35 S W Automatic is adapted to 8: n n Smith Wesso magazi e pistol . It is a very no n n a nd accurate cartridge , has u pleasa t recoil like the preceding is well adapted for target shooting . is h 0 Figure 5 3 t e . 38 Automatic Colt cart AM M UNI TI ON 5 7 ridge designed to meet the demand for a light h n t a the c arge i his caliber . It is dapted to Colt and n other magazi e pistols . Th e . 3 8 Automatic Colt is the best propor tioned and most powerful Of all automatic pis tol a t n n cartridges . It has slightly flat e ed poi t and x n m is e tremely accurate . Whe fired fro regulation a rms this ammunition is capable of placing ten shots inside a 3 -inch circle at 5 0

- yards and inside a 7 inch circle at 1 0 0 yards . This was the ammunition of the first Colt automatic pistol introduced in the United States . Figures 5 5 and 5 6 are two cartridges adapt ed to the .4 5 Automatic Colt pistol . Figure 5 6

i f . s the new service charge O the U . S Army, They are exactly alike except that the service

2 0 0 . n charge has a 3 gr . bullet (3 gr heavier tha h The i n t e other) . serv ce charge whe fired from the regulation service arm is capable of placing 1 0 shots in a 3 Vz - inch circle at 5 0 yards

- 0 and an 8 i nch circle at 1 0 yards .

A flat or blunt pointed bullet of about 1 85 gr . n o and a ten per ce t . heavier p wder charge would improve the effectiveness and stopping power of this cartridge wonderfully without

materially affecting the recoil or the accuracy . Figure 5 7 is the service charge Of the regu lation magazine pistol (Webley 8: Scott) of the Br t an itish Army. I is accurate cartridge but 5 8 PI S TOL AND RE VOLVE R it lacks sufficient power to fulfill the exacting

n Of n - requireme ts prese t day military service . L ight or gallery charges in magazine pistol shells are impracticable on account of not hav ing sufficient recoil to operate the automatic mechanism . Slightly reduced loads with lead bullets may be used in some of the arms but R seldom with satisfactory results . educed loads can be used in most of the wea pons if the n n mecha isms are ha d operated for each shot . The followi ng ballistical table gives the n charges , muzzle velocities , etc . , of the pri ci

r - n t e pal facto y loaded , smokeless pistol a d v The olver cartridges . factories aim to keep the muzzle velocities uniform for each cart To s ridge . produce this result with the variou n bra ds of smokeless powder, all of which dif fer in n Of more or less stre gth , the weight the powder charge necessa r ily varies for the differ en n f E n n d t bra ds O powder. ve whe purchase in n ff n n and k large qua tities , di ere t ble ds pac ages O f the same bra nd of powder occasionally n vary somewhat in strength . For these reaso s is impossible to designate the exact weight or it volume of any brand of powder which will in cases produce the muzzle velocities in the all and h r n t table , the c a ges give mus therefore be x n considered as appro imate o ly.

CHAPTER IV

sxo m‘s

HE purpose of sights is to assist in a im h i e The t n ing t e p ec . na io al organiza tions allow only open sights in pistol “ evolver t P r and r shoo ing. eep or ape Th ht ture sights are barred . e rear sig usually consists of a notch shap ed like a V o r U the t to at a , no ch being as wide on p as any The t t t et part. fron sigh is a piece of hin m al set t the a tt on edge . Some imes l er has a spe cial shape or section resembling a pinhead t it the when looking a from breech , as in aim ing .

w Sid Vi . End . S w e ew Vie ide Vie .

F n S ro t ights. F1

Appearance wh en aiming . 0 Military Sights F igure 5 8. 62 SI GH TS 68

M ilitary sights usually consist of a plain he r groove in the top of the frame for t rea he sight and a tapering front sight fix ed to t barr el near the muzzle.

i i w A earance i ht. ide V ew End V . Rear S g S . e pp wh n i e aim ng.

n Fro t Sight.

P n ht ai e Sig s. F u ig re 59. Target sights are made in endless variety T to suit individual ideas . he sights most gen

' era lly used for target shooting are the “ P I r a aine sights , named after Chevalier P t the t to A. aine , who inven ed and was firs The fl use them . rear sight is a at bar with a

- t th semi circular no ch , and e front sight is a “ ” t at t bead sight ; h is , a sight tha resembles

a pinhead when aiming.

w nd View a ance d V . E Rear Sight. Si e ie Appe r n whe aiming. nt Fro Sights. hts Patridge Sig .

Figure 60. 64 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

Another sight that many of the best shots “ ” he P t t are using is t a ridge sigh , developed

E P t o f B t M . The r E . M . by . a ridge os on , ass rear sight has a wide rectangular notch ; the s to as front sight is plain, with a quare p, shown . “ L t as Fig. 6 ! represents the yman sigh s The adapted to Smith Wesson revolvers . distinctive features of these sights are the ivory head of the front sight and the horizon T t tal ivory line in the rear sight. hese sigh s are well adapted for hunting and shooting at objects with a dark background . These sights have been referred to in the I en order in which they are most used . t is g er ally necessary for individuals to try various sights before they a re able to select intelli

I n ff - ts gently. target arms di erent shaped sigh t so t t may be used in the same base or fi ting, ha it is a compartively easy matter to try any or all of these sights on the same arm . The notch of the rear sight should have a h t T s bevelled ed ge concave toward t e fron . hi will secure sharpness of outline in any light. The front sight should also be distinct and is found to be more satisfactory when the side toward the eye is a surface at right angles to h t e line of sight.

66 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

o h similar t cross wires , on a target ; or t e dark spot decreased in size to about 3 or 4 inches in t diameter at 60 feet. So modified his would be a practical sight for target shooting and would be a boon to many of the older marksmen whose sight is failing and who find it more and more difi cult to shoot in artificial light with the r ordina y sights . Such a sight would also possess many advan tages for beginners as the moving spot on the target would indicate the unsteadiness of the holding and impress upon the marksman the im portance of holding the spot in the right position at the t t t ins an of discharge . A fur her improve t ment would be to substitute for the dark spo , T a spot of intensely bright light. his would be equally as effective as the dark spot and would greatly increase the range at which the t it to t sight could be used, adap ing game shoo It t t the t ing at night. is hoped ha manufac urers will develop a sight as suggested for target and gam e shooting. CHAPTER V

SHOOTI NG POSITION

HE position in pistol and revolver shoot i t I n ng is very impor ant. firing a long t man t series of sho s , a wi h an easy, n a t t ff t ural posi ion will su er much less fa igue , a n d will have a decided advantage over another whose position is straining and uncomfortable . Formerly the approved position was to stand t the t t the t t T r e wi h righ side oward arge . his quired the head to be turned ninety degrees its tu un from na ral position , and was very U te t t comfortable . ndoub dly his posi ion is a it t relic of duelling days , when migh have been argued that a smaller mark was offered to the antagonist. The positions adopted by the leading shots M t vary considerably. ost of hem face a trifle o the t the t t t h 6 t lef of arge , wi h t e right foot 8 s the or inche ahead of left, and pointing di e l t he t t h th r ct y oward t arge , t e weight of e body supported equally by both legs and perfectly Ot t the t c to balanced. hers shoo with fee lose 67 68 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

a nd gether ; some with one or both eyes open , The with the arm partly or fully extended. question of position depends largely upon the

physique and comfort of the individual . ’ r t x t M . Winans posi ion is an e ceedingly s rong His t one . poise is very good, and he s ands The t t t firmly on both feet. lef arm falls s raigh T down along the left side of the body. his ff t t n a ords rigiditywhen desired, and impar s ac io to th e figure .

Ax t . M r . t t t ell has a s anch, na ural posi ion L r o t t the t a rm ike M . Winans, he sho s wi h righ xt the in the fully e ended, and he holds weapon t t correc and mos approved manner.

Th . e position of M r Anderton is excellent. H e e enjoys perfect health , and has his larg His muscular development well under control . t t t a t posi ion is s rong, na ur l , and comfor able . ’ r D ff t r M . ietz s position is entirely di eren f om flex any of those preceding. It is tenseless and ible permitting him to shoot long series of s t t t t ho s wi hou fa igue . The t M r P t posi ions of . a ridge and Sergeant Petty are characteristic and typical of persons t ff t of en irely di eren physique .

M r . G r orman and D . Sayre are men o f simi T lar physique . heir positions which resemble e t fi ach o her closely are rm , easy and natural .

SH OOTI NG POSI TI ON 69

L ’ t t M r . ane s position is natural and in eres in l He t g y unconventional . has perfec poise and shoots without apparent fatigue . te Dr . Snook has a well poised and delibera He not position . shoots with his arm fully ex tended and with the feet close together .

The M r A t M r . positions of . rms rong and Dolfen r T en are ve y similar. hey are men of tir ely different stature but almost identical in T fi physique . heir positions are rm and busi

- t t the l ex ness like . Bo h shoot wi h arm fu ly t ended. — Nora For photographs showing shooting positions of n dua s in cha see us a ns i divi l referred to thi s pter, ill tr tio acin 68 2 6 and a f g pp . 7 7 . 7 CHAPTER VI '

TARGET-Snoor mo

N the development of firearms and ammuni

t - ion, target shooting has always occupied

an important place . It is regularly and t t sys ema ically practised in the army and navy, in order to maintain and improve the proficiency

the s T t- t of men as mark men . arge shoo ing, t ff t wi h many di eren styles of firearms , under b prescribed rules and regulations , has also e xt come e remely popular with civilians . Target- shooting was indulged in extensively with the rifle before it became popular with the T e an pistol and revolver . h shorter barrel , d the greater d ifi culty in acquiring skill with the t latter weapons , were doub less responsible for he t t t t t mis aken idea , long prevalen , hat hese r how a ms were extremely inaccurate . When , ffi t ever, a few individuals developed su cien skill t t to obtain fine shoo ing, heir performances were h t to considered phenomenal . Among t e firs obtain a high order of skill with the muzzle loading pistol in the United States was Captain John Travers of M issouri He was well known

72 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

- Target shooting with the pistol and revolver, t a t at as a spor , may be s id to have origina ed the annual meeting of the National Rifle As 1 D t t sociation at Creedmoor in 886 . uring ha meeting a revolver match wa s scheduled to be shot at 2 5 yards on the z oo- yard Standard It as e tr American Rifle Target. w a re n y t match , with the three best scores of five sho s I n t t h each of any contestant to count. his ma c 0 the three scores of 4 8 out of 5 were made , highest individual aggregate of three scores be 1 1 ing 43 out of a possible 5 0 . The same year a similar match was an nounced at the fall meeting of the M assachu setts Rifle Association at Walnut Hill . Cheva P t t lier aine was a competitor in his ma ch , and — ix The made 5 0 49 in s entries . 1 2 next best three scores equalled 4 . These matches proved so interesting and successful that target- shooting with the pistol and revolver became instantly popular all over the country. I t was soon found that the arms as he l possessed remarkable accuracy, and t ski l of the shooters improved the distance was in to 0 h creased 5 yards retaining t e same target .

M r . A. . G t The Ri e and C ould , edi or of fl , Shootin a nd Fishin was the t to g g, firs one recog n the r ize possibilities of the pistol and revolve ,

TARGE T - SH GOTI NG 78 and became greatly interested in the perform

en~ auces with these arms . H e assisted and coura ed the t w t t g shoo ers , i nessed heir work, and made careful and elaborate records of all the important scores that were made in the United States from 1 886 to It was at his suggestion that Chevalier Paine essayed to fire the first 1 0 0 - shot score at 5 0 yards on the

t A T t o 1 t . S andard merican arge , sc ring 79 poin s This shooting was done with a finely sighted

- th 8: R M Re . 44 caliber Smi Wesson ussian odel u t t volver , reg la ion full charge ammuni ion , and

a - A a yz pound trigger pull . keen rivalry for the 1 0 0 - t sho record soon sprang up , resulting as follows :

Oct. 1 1 886 a I ra P a n at 5 , , Chev lier i e a c 1 88 a I ra Pa n M r h 7, 7, Chev lier i e N v 1 F nn o 88 . E . . 4, 7, Be ett

Nov . 1 1 88 F. E . nn 4, 7, Be ett

Dec. 1 88 F. E. nn 5 , 7, Be ett

Dec. 1 1 88 a I ra Pa n 7, 7, Chev lier i e

Dec. 2 2 1 88 a I ra P a n , 7, Chev lier i e

Dec. 2 1 88 . . nn 3, 7, W W Be ett

This rivalry led to a long newspaper con h P trover sy, and culminated in t e famous aine The t e Bennett revolver match . condi ions wer as follows : Stakes 1 0 0 shots per day for six consecutive days ; Smith 8: Wesson Rus

“ See n me can P s and R The Moder A ri i tol evolver, by

A. . u a n P u s s n C Go ld (Br dlee Whidde , bli her, Bo to , 74 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

R . ct r sian M odel evolvers, 44 caliber ; fa o y loaded full charge ammunition ; trigger pull, 3 pounds ; Standar d American Target with 8 ' - On the fi th l t 0 . inch bu l s eye ; dis ance , 5 yards f t the day of the match , and while 9 poin s in lead, Chevalier Paine entered a protest and with

E . B tt t t M r . . drew. F enne con inued shoo ing, h 0 t as stipulated in t e match , scoring 5 93 poin s h he The t t was for t e total of t six days . pro es h N t R A t referred to t e a ional ifle ssocia ion,

M r . B tt which decided in favor of enne , award ing him the match and the championship o f

America . I n E . en t t a t r . B prac ising for his m ch M F. tt the ne , under same conditions , made a score 1 T n t of 9 5 . hi s record was ot excelled un il 1 1 0 1 R Sa June , 9 , when C . S . ichmond of G 1 vannah , eorgia , scored 9 8 points under t h substan ially t e same conditions .

D the 1 8 0 . uring summer of 9 , M r William

E t M r . R . Carlin, assis ed by Hubert eynolds , made a ve ry elaborate series of tests with th e t to revolver and various kinds of ammuni ion, he t the the a ascertain t possibili ies of arms , c o f the t he ff t n curacy ammuni ion , t e ec of fouli g,

c A t M r . et . bou rounds were fired , Car

tt- t tt te lin used a bu s ock a achment, lescopic sight, ba t M r R fi and sand g res : and . eynolds veri ed TARGE T- SH OOTI NG 75

’ r C t re t. l M . arlin s resul s from a machine s A l the shooting was done with black powder t 8: charges in Smi h Wesson revolvers.

The - best groups were made with the .3 2 44

. R S . W evolving rifle ca rtridge ; a number of th e 1 0 - t at 0 1 sho groups 5 yards , measuring % to [ t T inches V2 inches in diame er . ests were l at 1 0 0 0 0 At a so made ranges of and 2 yards . 1 0 0 yards , groups of 1 0 shots were obtained

- t he . 2 . t the . 81 wi h 3 44 , and . 44 caliber S W R ussian , varying from 3 inches to 4 inches in

t 0 h . . At 2 0 t e . 81 . diame er yards , 44 S W Russian gave the best results ; a number of groups of 1 0 shots being obtained measuring

8 inches to 1 2 inches in diameter . These tests t at t t were considered mos remarkable hat ime , as such accura cy was not expected of barrels o f 6 8 t only inches and inches in leng h . P t the t the rior to hese tests , possibili ies of pistol and revolver were judged solely by the x t t shooting of a few e per sho s , which of course included the personal dispersion error of the n T t t the t i dividuals . hese es s furnished firs d efinite information as to the real capabilities

- o f the revolver, and had a far reaching and salutary influence on pistol and revolver n h shooting . They demo strated to t e marks men and the manufacturers of the arms that 76 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

fine shooting approximating to that of the rifle wa he s possible with t revolver , by developing the necessary skill in shooting and perfecting the ammunition . A very interesting revolver match for a ff r t trophy o ered by M . Walter Winans ook A 1 2 M r . t place in 89 . Winans is a no ed meri t E th e can revolver sho , residing in ngland, and — trophy an American cowboy executed a d — Th e mir ably in bronze was modeled by him . t match was conducted by For est a nd S r ea m. The t trophy was won , after a spiri ed compe h t t D L B . U t e i ion , by octor ouis ell nder con ion h t h to dit s of t e ma ch , t e winner was de fend his title two years before the trophy he i The t came h s property. rophy was won suc l antz er t cessive y by George E . J and Sergean P h E . P t . t tt t e W. e ty Sergean e y defended o trophy and successfully for tw years , and now holds it permanently A or t h record, bes on record, is t e highest recognized score of any given number t fi t n of sho s red under cer ain standard conditio s . and with an arm complying with certain t Th t es ablished rules . e records of pis ol and revolver shooting in the United States were carefully established and compiled by Shoo ting h 1 and Fishing until t e year 90 3 .

TARGE T- SH OOTI NG 77

The record performances with the single t t the t sho pis ol , on S andard American Target, at 0 5 yards , are as follows :

1 0 0 Snor e S . 2 2 1 888 F. E. nne t a n t ept , , Be t , W l u Hill, Mass

S : 1 0 1 8 0 F : E . nn ept , 9 , Be ett

Feb. 2 1 0 0 E . man San F anc sco Ca l 5 , 9 , L Gor , r i , M a 2 6 1 0 1 . E . man y , 9 , J Gor M a ch E. E. Pat d a nu ass r ri ge, W l t Hill, M

5 0 811 0 1 8

Nov. 1 0 1 888 F. E . nn t a nu ass , , Be e t, W l t Hill, M Fe m F n b. . E . an San a c sc Cal J Gor , r i o, M a 2 0 1 90 1 . E . man y , , J Gor

Dec. 1 0 1 . n n a nu ass 7 , 9 , T A derto , W l t Hill, M

l 1 0 . n n Apri 4, 9 3, T A derto

Under the stimulating influence and encour a ement Sho o tin a nd Fishin t t e g of g g, pis ol and volver shooting became a popular pastime and by 1 90 0 numerous clubs had been organized t t the throughout the country . Unfor una ely, marksmen of each locality made fheir own rules and adopted independent standards as to tar T t in dl t e c. ge s , weapons , t his resul ed en ess confusion and dissatisfaction when matches be R tween clubs were attempted . umors of a challenge from the revolver marksmen of France for an international contest were also T at t t . t rife his ime here was , herefore , an urgent need for a national organization to ex 78 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R ercise general jurisdiction over the sport ; form t a s ulate uniform rules , regulations, and s and rd , and to receive and act upon challenges . A number of revolver enthusiasts met in ’ Ne Y t in Conlin s shooting gallery, w ork Ci y, u 1 0 0 to the t e Febr ary, 9 , and issued a call v t he tr t t m t olver sho s of t coun y, invi ing he o join in forming a national revolver association ’ at t l a M h a mee ing ca led t Conlin s gallery, arc 1 0 0 R t 5 , 9 . eplies were received from thir een states and thirty- five gentlemen responded in o to h t t The U t ta t s pers n t e invi a ion . ni ed S e ‘ Revolver Association was organized at that t mee ing. T t h his associa ion, with t e support and co t the t th nt opera ion of all leading sho s of e cou ry,

t t s t immedia ely assumed na ional juri dic ion , formulated rules to govern pistol and revolver t u n shoo ing, and inaug rated the an ual champion T ship matches . hese are shot simultaneously ff t t the U t t t s in di eren par s of ni ed S ates , hu giving everybody an opportunity to enter the t t compe i ions . The influence of the association on pistol and t n t revolver shoo ing has bee very beneficial . I has t t e c es ablished uniformi y in arms , rules , t . ,

See n x for nsti u i n nnua a Rul s Appe di Co t t o , A l M tches, e and R u a ns etc. eg l tio ,

TARGE T- SE OOTI N G 79

and has encouraged and conducted many f n ri en dly matches between clubs, thus bringi g the shots in d iflerent parts of the country in c o er t c t l s ou h wi h each other . Th e most important activity o f the associa tion in recent years has been the inauguration f h e o t Indoor L eague M atches . Clubs in all parts of the United States enter into an agree ment to shoot a match with each club in the L i M s eague dur ng the winter season . edal prize are a warded by the association according to the percentages of matches won to matches The L ue shot, similar to baseball leagues . eag has become ex ceedingly popular and twenty to t h hirty clubs participate in t e contest annually. The L eague agreement varies somewhat from to The 1 1 t l be year year . 9 4 agreemen wil in th A x found e ppendi . I nter na tional a tch — h R s . T r M e e U. S . evolve Association also negotiates and conducts all the nt t t The t i erna ional ma ches . first of hese matches was between France and the United St t T t 1 6 1 0 0 . a es and ook place on June , 9 his

m t tt t - w a ch a rac ed world wide attention, and as won h Th by t e United States . e conditions of the match were as follows ; Ten men on a side ; the Am to t at G N . . ericans shoo reenville , J , and the P R t to be . Frenchmen in aris . esul s cabled 80 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

Each side to appoint an umpire to witness th e f c man to shooting o the opposing side . Ea h shoot 30 shots on the French target a t 1 6 meters and 30 shots on the Standard Amer ican t t at 0 arge 5 yards . Following are the complete scores of th e members of both teams on the two targets

On On M NCB Tum French American Grand Ta rget Ta rget Total Dutf 2 M . oy 53 497 Comte de Chabannes 2 50 490

. Fau 2 8 8 M M . re 4 4 9 P aul Gastinne 2 5 1 489 Comte Clary 241 488 a auc a 2 1 8 C pt. Ch h t 4 4 4

Com. Dilschneid er 478 au P . More 475 472 a e 66 M . L bb 4

Totals

AM ERI CAN TEAM

J A. Dietz P W E. etty Sa R. H . yre F B . . Wilder a us G. W. W terho e

u s n W. G. H d o

mm t A. A. L. Hi elwrigh

Totals 2 479 8 Americans led by 3

er The first match did not satisfy the revolv

82 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R ma ch was s t The mem t hot several days la er. bers constituting the teams and their r espective scores are as follows :

FRENCH Tu n ' mt d e astelba a L ibour n Co e C c. mman an P a n Ome Co d t y, i t

. Dutfo a se s . M y, M r ille a a n aux R nn s C pt i More , e e - . n P a t i . M Moli e ge , D eppe a a n hauchat sa s C pt i C , Ver ille - an ns M . Keller Dori , Lyo

. Feu ra P a t M g y, r

. Des assio ns M p . Lyo

. c c P a s M L e o q, ri

. Caurette Ham M , u Pa s M. Lo vier, ri

. a m Pa s M B l e, ri

. Sa Pa s M rtori, ri

Team total

An t-m ean Tu n

. I . s n u u nn O Ol o , D l th, Mi

F New N . Y B. . Wilder, York,

R. S. a os n ass H le, B to , M

n New N . Y A. Dietz, I , York, Sm S n fi M as A. ith, pri g eld,

S . x S n fi ass C. A tell, pri g eld, M u s s n a ss Lo i Bell, Bo to , M

n n s n ass . T. A derto , Bo to , M a S n fi ass B . Cr btree, pri g eld. M R a ns S n n fi eld ass . C lki , p g , M

E. E P a st n ass . tridge, Bo o , M

N . S in N w . R. . Sa e c s H yre, York, Y ( ore hot P aris um s n ass T. H phrey, Bo to , M m 2 d s n ass S. A ory, , Bo to , M D u e B s n ass C. L. o v , o to , M

Team total Americans led by TARGE T- SE OOTI N G 88

A ca reful analysis o f the scores shows that the Americans shot much more evenly than the n m f the t h Fre ch en , and that the skill o hree hig men on x both teams was appro imately equal . The next international match participated in by the revolver shots of the United States was the L E Olympic Games M atch at ondon , ngland P on 1 0 1 1 1 0 . July and , 9 8 reliminary and elimination trials were conducted under the auspices of the United States Revolver Associa tion resulting in the selection of the following

t R . : I . . M . . eam Calkins , Springfield, ass ; C S Ax N t . . ew M A. D t ell , Springfield, ass ; J ie z , Y N Y. E . ork, . ; and J. Gorman, San Francisco ,

. R . N H e Y N . Y. Cal ; . Sayre , w ork, , Captain . The conditions of the match were as follows Any revolver or pistol with Open sights ; any am it t mun ion ; trigger pull unrestricted ; dis ance , 0 1 0 5 yard s ; international target, ring, 2 inches in t t diameter , rest of arge divided by con ’ c t - t n entric rings one inch apar , bull s eye con ai in 1 0 8 60 t g , 9, , and 7 rings ; sho s in strings of 6 shots ; 2 sighting shots allowed ; position st x anding, right or left hand with arm e tended ; maximum number of entries from any country in t t 1 2 ax n b individual con es s , ; m imum um er of e tr 1 ntries from any coun y in team contest,

teams to consist of four men each . 84 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

A time limit of four minutes for each str mg t t t of five sho s was es ablished, and all o her con ditions of the matches were governed by the rules of the National Rifle Association of G reat

Britain . The result of the match was as follows — 1 st United States E m J . . Gor an R a ns I . . C lki

S x C. . A tell

— 2 d —Belgium 3d United Kingdom — sth Sweden — 7th Greece

The next Olympic Contest was held at The A t 1 1 2 . S ockholm , Sweden , in 9 merican

s t P L Ne Y N . team con is ed of A. . ane , w ork , f H . E . t n Y. . B M . P . Dol e ; Sears , os on , ass ; J , D ew Springfield , M ass . ; and John A. ietz , N

Y r N . Y R . e Y . N . . . Y o k, ; H Sayre , N w ork, ,

Captain . The t t 2 n ma ch was sho on July d , under practically the same conditions as the former Olympic M atch and resulted as follows

CHAPTER VII

TARGET is a mark or object of suita ble

form and color designed to be fired at. It usually consists of a frame cove red t t ur wi h canvas or paper, presenting a whi e s ' face with a prominent spot or bull s- eye in the t u cen er . Concentric circles or rings , aro nd the center divide the target into zones which a r e: he nt assigned values , decreasing from t ce er the outward. On a regularly equipped range t t t t arge s are movable frames , so arranged ha they may be raised to the firing position and t i h can hen lowered into a p t, where t e marker x he t the t ac safely e amine t arget, mark sho

- curatel h t ter . y, and cover t e shot hole wi h a pas The sum of the values of a limited series o f t t 1 0 2 0 0 etc con consecu ive sho s , as 5 , 7, , , 5 , . , stitutes a score . The official target of the United States Re A h n l volver ssociation , which is used in t e a nua championship matches and for record shooting, 86 TARGE TS 87

— Fig 76 Stand ard American Target Diameter of Rings 1 0 inches 6 inches 3 11 110d 5 4

h T tar is t e Standard American Target. his get is used by practically all the shooting clubs and organizations in the United States . For ’ — - 5 0 yard shooting the bull s eye is 8 inches in he 1 0 8 . diameter and contains t , 9, and rings This target is well suited for target practice ha xt at this range . It s been used e ensively 88 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

Ten fo e 1 886 . t t r sinc sho s , wi h one hundred he t po ssible , usually constitute a score .

—The . S. R A. Com inati n a t. 77 U . b o T rge (Standard American rings in heavy lines and Interna tion l in n a light li es. )

This target as supplied by the United States Revolver Association for use in all the out door championships shows also the rings of the International Union target (in light lines) an d The is known as the Combination target. International target rings do not interfere in

90 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

adopted by nearly all the European and South American countries for pistol and revolver con I t is w t t t th tests at 5 0 meters . i hou doub e r The best target fo r the pu pose in general use. ten- ring represents approximately the average dispersion of the most accurate revolvers and pistols and with the concentric rings a uni t rt h has r form dis ance apa , t e score a prope o h Th relation t t e dispersion of the shots . e the t t 1 size of arge , about 9 14 inches in di ame r The t et te , is also well determined . arg could be improved by increasing the size of the ’ - T bull s eye so as to include the 6. ring. hi s would make sighting on it less straining and h Th t so would improve t e scores . e arget modi fied would be better adapted for the United States Revolver Association M atches than the

one now used . Target L is the Regulation Pistol Target used in the prescribed target practice o f the It i h N War Department. is used also n t e a tional P M istol atch . For gallery shooting at 2 0 yards the Stand ard American Target is reduced so that the ’ - n bull s eye is 2 inches in diameter, a d

1 0 - t 1 for yard shoo ing inch in diameter . An arm of large caliber has a decided ad v antage over one of small caliber in short on t e r ange shooting, accoun of th larger hole TARGE TS 91

Fi — r m . a . . S. g 79 T get L (U Ar y. ) ’ i m t o f u s- un n I ns D a e er B ll eye Co ti g . nc n c R n s un 8 6 and are 1 Co e tri i g Aro d It, 9, , 7, , 5 , 4, 94

Ins A a t. . p r m f in = 2 I n iam t f in = 6 Dia eter o 4 r g 6 s. D e er o 3 r g 4

Ias.

R f Ta t ft x 6ft. unts 2 . est o rge . 4 Co 92 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

he t t e n the made by t bulle , and, for his r aso large calibers are preferred for galle ry shoot 2 n e ing. For distances less than 5 yards ot mor than five shots should be fired on a paper or I r is cardboard target. n case a close g oup th made , e scoring will be much easier and more accurate than when ten shots are fired at a single target. The best grades of target arms are capable of making possibles or perfect scores on the n A T t n Sta dard merican arget, using regula io To ammunition . make high scores is therefore simply a question of skill on the part of the shooter. A great many other targets designed prin cipally for rifle- shooting have been r ecom mended at different times by well- known and t s et scientific marksmen . Some of he e targ s possess much merit and have become popular t mis in certain localities . I t is unques ionably a take to introduce new targets in this manner as long - as satisfacto r y targets are in general the t t use , and on which all impor ant ma ches h Th and records have been s ot. e merit of a score on a new target cannot be judged by those t i t unfamiliar wi h t, and frequen ly a highly meritorious score fails to receive the recognition

CHAPTER VIII

TARGET PRACTICE

N order to become familiar with the arms

and develop skill in shooting, careful and t t t is T c sys ema ic prac ice necessary. his a n be most conveniently and intelligently obtaine d

t t- o in arge sho ting. At a properly equippe d i o range , each shot s spotted as fired, s that the shooter can tell instantly where each sho t

t . T s rikes his is a great aid and advantage, a s it enables the shooter to note the effect o f t t in changes in ligh , wind, slight displacemen s

t etc. m h sigh s, , and odify is work accordingly. The usual distance is 5 0 yards in the outdoo r t 2 0 t ma ches and yards in the indoor contes s. Very good shooting has been done at 1 0 0 at 2 0 0 b t yards , and even yards , u such long range shooting is rarely attempted except by

The position of a shot accurately indicated by a marker from a pit or sa fe place near the target A disc of suffi cient size to be seen easily from the fi rmg point end a is us t s ur s attached to the of pole ed for hi p po e, the marker placing the disc over the shot hole for a few m a ac s i d second s im ed iately fter e h hot s fire . 94 TARGE T PRACTI CE 95 the The t t so very best shots . whole arge being sm at not all that distance , a shot need be very is wild to miss the target. Such an occurrence ve ry unsatisfactory and disconcerting even to f a T a irly skillful shot. here is , moreover, no thing to be gained by extremely long- range o T not w rk. he pistol and revolver are de s n i i e ig ed for t, and there s much more pleasur an t d sa isfaction at the shorter ranges . It is customary and desirable to practise at th e target under conditions governing the an n l t T ua championship ma ches . his accustoms o ne t t a o hose conditions , and is a decided d va ntage if one expects to enter the competitions . I t is also excellent training for record shoot in n t t t t g. I targe prac ice wi h mili ary arms , regulation full- charge ammunition should be u w t sed in all cases , especially hen prac ising

- fire t t t re rapid shooting. Wi h arge weapons , an the duced charges are frequently used, d shooting is generally slowand deliberate . Target practice is required in all the branches of the military and naval service of the United T ct t States. his pra ice varies somewha from The year to year both in character a nd amount. recent adoption of the magazine pistol as the service weapon by the War Department has resulted in a number of changes in the regula 96 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

t n and eta s io target practice, the conditions d il of which are fully explained in the Sm all A M 1 1 rms Firing anual for 9 4 . The M anual also details a prescribed course f h o target practice for t e Organized M ilitia , which includes the National Guard of the vari ous t T to the s ates . his is adapted principally N n t e revolver, as the ational Guard has o y t been armed with the regulation automatic pis

tol. As t the the a fas as latter is issued, org n iz ed militia will adopt the target practice pre scribed for the a rmy with the regulation

weapon . The revolver until 1 9 1 5 was the service he t t but it has weapon of t United S a es Navy, now been superseded by the automatic pistol The (Colt, Government M odel, . 45 1 1 t 9 7 firing regulations are novel and dras ic, in some respects are much more elastic than

t 1n ff t . hose formerly e ect, and are very prac ical 2 They are published in a pamphlet of 6 p a ges . A digest of all the foregoing target pra ctice i ix . w ll be found in the Append— M a tokes a nd Co mpetitions Various matches and competitions have been established under the auspices of the recognized shooting organ iz ations which not only give an opportunity of testing the skill of individuals and teams but

98 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

e t tion of America . It is sp cially in eresting and instructive as it affords an opportunity for civil ians to compete in the same contest with the h r N N t best shots in t e A my, avy and a ional

Guard . The t o t t s condi i ns , prizes , and comple e de ail of all these annual matches will be found in the A x ppendi . From time to time special contests are ar ranged such as the P an American M atches held a t C P r O 1 1 the I t a amp er y, hio , in 9 3 , n ern tional Shooting Festival to be held at San Fra n in 1 Th c 1 h P e c. isco 9 5 during t e anama Fair, t e matches of such special meetings often va ry in t heir conditions . Special prizes are provided the for occasion . CHAPTER IX

REVOL VER PRACTICE FOR THE POL ICE

HE revolver is a part of the regular equipment of the police force of nearly

every city in this country . Unfortunately the general lack of any regulations for the care of and the practice with these arms largely nulli fie h h s t . E t e t eir usefulness ven in large ci ies , memb ers of the police force frequently admit that they have not used or cleaned their arms he for six months or more . An inspection of t arm s under such conditions not infrequently reveals the fact that center- fire arms are

t -fire vice loaded wi h rim ammunition, and ve The t t r sa . mechanism is of en so badly rus ed that th e cylinder will not revolve and the barrel t so corroded as to seriously impair i s accuracy . When occasion requires the use of the arms u in nder such conditions , accidents almost t t to the variably resul , ei her policemen who tt t to the to he a emp fire arms , or t innocent by

standers and property. The records of every large municipality show that large sums are annually disbursed in litiga 99 1 O1 020A 1 00 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R tion and to ind ividuals who have suffered either personal wounds or property damage froma c cid ents t of his chara cter. B t s y adopting suitable arms , and regula ion it en governing practice shooting with them , is tir ely practicable and comparatively easy to train a large police force to become good marks The o f t r e men . possibility accidents is hus duced to a minimum and the efliciency of the o x The ef men increased t a ma imum . moral fect of a high order of ma rksmanship of an en t tire police force , when generally known , canno be overestimated . Practice and skill in the use of the revolver embodies the essential elements t t in of rifle shooting, so hat in case of rio , t u surrec ion , or war, a large police force co ld be made quickly available for duty with very

little additional instruction , by arming them t wi h rifles . A practical plan to develop such results is as follows : The services of a competent person to t the fi T each men must rst be secured . hi s man should be an experienced and skillful marksman with the revolver and be qualified to maintain proper discipline and teach the

subject in all its details . A suitable range u t Two m s next be provided . men from each precinct selected for their fitness to become in

1 02 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

t s flicient d e After the first year, or af er a u the eflicienc gree of skill has been developed, y of the men can be preserved and maintained by devoting an hour every two weeks to regula t T tt t but t t the ion practice . here is li le doub ha cost of the time and ammunition devoted to such a course of training would be more than oflset by the elimination or a large portion o f h t t r t e accidents , litigation, etc. , tha resul unde h t e present conditions . M uch of the efliciency that it is possible to attain depends upon the character of the regu lation arm that may be adopted for police service . Such an arm should be of large cali ber and sufficient power to fulfil the require h t the ments . When carried in t e pocke pers ir ation the p of body causes rust, and a nickel finish will therefore generally be more service a t The t ble han any other . sigh s , hammers and t o her projections should be of suitable form , and as”referred to in the text under Pocket

. n c Arms I order to secure suitable accura y, the barrel should be 4 inches in length and the t - rigger pull 4 pounds . A first class weapon for

- police service is the . 3 8 caliber Smith 81 Wesson

t h - 2 safe y hammerless , t e . 3 8 caliber or . 3 cali t P P t the 2 r ber Col olice osi ive or . 3 calibe t 81 t Th Smi h Wesson hand ej ec or revolver. e PRACTI CE F OR TH E POLI CE 1 08

8- t 81 m .3 caliber Smi h Wesson safety ha merless t t is par icularly well adap ed for police service , the safety feature making accidental discharge almost impossible , and being also a decided ad vantage in case the weapon should fall into the h n a ds of an unskilled antagonist. In all cases a regulation arm and ammunition should be adopted so as to secure uniformity and involve the purchase of only one line of supplies and ammunition . The following course of instruction and regulations for practice shooting are recom mended

Revolver P ractice ,

-All the D t Regulations. members of epar ment are obliged to practice shooting with the r t st two egulation arm , a lea hours in each t Th t t calendar mon h . e cap ain of each precinc will designate the time and place for instruction and practice for each individual under his juris t dic ion . Every member of the department will be expected to qualify in one of the three classes M t Ex arksman , Sharpshoo er, or pert, and will be D t f t rated accordingly. ecora ions o sui able design will be awarded to those qualifying ; the 1 04 P I S TOL AND RE VOLVE R

t to decora ion be worn directly under the shield . Ratings in any year will be determined by th e average scores made by each individual in th e t t to t e hree mon hs prior Janua ry first of hat y ar , on which date decorations will be awarded a n nuall y. A member failing to qualify in a ny t B class shall be ra ed a eginner, and if holding a decoration awarded the preceding year shall

surrender same . All practice shooting shall be in the pre in scribed order each class as given below. E t n ries unlimited . E ach individual must qual ify at each stage before he can be advanced to the x ll ne t stage . A shooting to be done unde r the following

G n l n it e era Co d ions . os n s a be s and n e The p itio h ll t i g, fre m an su a n n in one a nd fro y pport, the we po bei g held h arm x n d so as to m o with the e te de be free fro the b dy. m - - a t stan a can 2 0 0 d . a 8 ia . T rge , d rd A eri y rifle t rget with u s m ns n 2 2 m u s d s in. 8 in. m b ll eye, o t ide i e io 8 4 by % A u nition s a u a n u cha ac ad h ll be the reg l tio f ll rge, f tory lo ed, u fi n n in the na a ms bro ght to the ri g poi t origi l pack ge. Ar s a not ad d xc t at fi n n n h ll be lo e e ep the ri g poi t, whe the c m is a d to i All c t o petitor re y shoot h s sco re. s ores o be fi w 1 0 s s in t o s n s o f s s ac . S fi re hot , red tri g 5 hot e h low to im fi s s f h in Ra d fi r be t ed a fter the r t hot o eac str g. pi e to be timed as follows : The competitor stand ing at the fi n nt h arm ad d not c c ed and ri g poi wit the lo e , o k , the barrel pointing downward in a d irection not less th an 45 s m a n a to in ac s n degree fro the t”rget, whe re dy beg e h tri g a R c a h in an n s sa a . s c h ll y. e dy The orer, w t h d , whe the second hand rea ches an even ”1 o- second point on the a i c mman F a ter which the com di l , will g ve the o d ire. f h petitor raises and cocks his weapon and begins is string. Just as the time limit for each string ex p1 res the scorer

sha ann unc m . a s is fi d a t tim ll o e, Ti e If hot re f er the e

1 06 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

r s R x ra G a m . un s 41 1m I s ucn ons

Never point a revolver in any d irection where it would h rm 1 f i i Al d o a t went 0 6 acc dentally. ways observe this rnle h h h rm is a or n w et er t e a lo ded ot. In carrying the loaded revolver on the person see that h hamm t n tw f e t e er rests be wee o cartridges. (Or if o th rebounding hammer type have one chamber o f the cylin r m i m d e e pty and oppos te the ham er. ) n n c ssa to use on ici us d Whe e e ry the revolver v o ogs. etc. suc an mals s u d n n a a r , h i ho ld be rive i to a re r y rd o l al ey where there is soft ground to stop the bullets. Never shoot on the sid ewalk or a paved street where it can a on acc un o f liabili of u t be voided, o t the the b lle an in o ff and in s i ma imilarl n l c g do g er ous da ge. y whe in to a t act at n n sh t n so un or a r g t r te tio , oo i to ft gro d hea t m n ac ca ns a of mto air. vy i ber, whe pr ti ble, i te d the m f r a mo Never atte pt to shoot while running. Stop o nd i a im sh ts i n be ment a take d el ber te a . The o w ll the

Thoroughly clean and oil the revolver as soon a fter n i a I f ca r d on s n u a usi g it as pract c ble. r ie the per o reg l rly it should be overhauled and t e- oiled inside the ba rrel and n s as uts nc a to it in cyli der a well o ide, o e week, keep n n good co ditio . 0 0 I n case regular practice shootmg i s not pr0 v1 d ed when n d ractice tar s n n 0 5 dut fi rin at o uty, get hooti whe y, least 5 0 shots once a month an following the prescrIbed r i course as given in this chapter as nea as poss ble. CHAPTER X

PISTOL SHOOTING FOR L ADIES

HE great majority of ladies have some inherent dread of all va r leties of fire T i t to arms . his s no doub largely due the senseless and irresistible desire of inex peri enced persons to indulge in a mock- heroic dis play and flourish of such arms when in the e ll t t n presenc of ladies . A useless demons ra io and ostentatIon with fire arms serves only to distinguish those who are unfamiliar with their P proper manipulation and use . ersons hand n li g arms in this manner should be avoided, or M th promptly compelled to desist. any of e accidents of the I did not know it was loaded o rder occur in this manner . There is nothing occult or mysteriously dan ero bu g us about fire arms , t their potential power must never be forgotten in handling th m As a the e . a we pon of defense revolver places the weakest and most diminutive person s it t h killed in s use, on an equali y with t e most 1 0 7 1 08 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

L ex powerful antagonist. adies who travel

en - t t sively and visit semi civilized coun ries , especially the wives and daughters of men in the diplomatic se rvice and of the army and navy ofi cers assigned to foreign stations , should be thoroughly familiar with fire arms and skilled in their use . Th t e necessity of knowing how to shoo , like n to but k owing how swim , may occur once in ’ a t bu r e woman s life ime , t when occasion does t e it t quire ei h r, is generally under circums ances to o r t t n involving peril life , and f ha reaso both are advantageous and valuable accomplish

t . E n men s very woma should, therefore , be sufliciently familiar with fire arms to know how to t s to handle hem afely, and, in emergency, se t t t the u hem wi h in elligence . While skill in use of the pistol and revolver is a useful ac co i hmen th h mpl s t, e practice of shooting wit

r x these a rms will p ove e ceedingly interesting. Target practice with the 2 2 - caliber pistol is r t t t e pa icularly well sui ed for ladies , and hos who have the opportunity to indulge in it have invariably found it an enjoyable and fascinat t T t . r too o ing pas ime here is eve y reason , , believe that ladies would excel and develop a higher order of skill in pistol shooting than t gen lemen , because they are generally more

1 1 0 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

lar target pistol with a 1 0 - inch barrel and an

t 8- a in erchangeable . 3 c liber revolver barrel and c fitt to the T a r ylinder , ing same stock . hese e r fu nished in a special case with cleaning rods,

etc. t , making a comple e and attractive set.

Th 2 2 - 8: H E e . caliber Smith Wesson and jector

- 2 - with a 6 inch barrel and . 2 caliber Colt Po lice Positive Target revolvers are also well ’ a t dap ed for ladies use . It is to t e a 2 2 well begin prac ic with . caliber a pistol , s this is a light and very pleasant charge “ to t th shoo , and e tendency to flinch is re d uced to A a minimum . fter a fair degree of

s e 2 2 - kill has been developed with th . caliber pistol reduced charges with a revolver may be tried and from this stage the practice shooting he It can progress to t regulation full charges . is desirable that ladies should have a little practice with the revolver with full charged am o to t it munition , so as t be able manipula e with sufficient confidence and skill in case of t necessi y. CHAPTER X I

“ CL UBS AND RANGES

HENEVER three or more persons in any locality are interested in rifle or

revolver shooting, a club can gener ally be organized and additional members se c I f the ff ured . business a airs are properly t and conserva ively managed, much pleasure will t the a A resul for members t a nominal cost. p proximate ideas of the cost of constructing and maintaining ranges and indoor galleries can generally be obtained by communicating with the fli e x t I n the o c rs of e is ing clubs . preparing

- L the U t Constitution and By aws , that of ni ed States Revolver Association will be an ex cellent guid efr The secretary- treasurer of that associ ation will be able to give valuable assistance to new clubs .

For a complete d etailed d escription o f range construe n nc u n us a ns act ca n a n s tio , i l di g ill tr tio , pr i l worki g dr wi g , etc. th e a is to R Ran ns uc n , re der referred ifle ge Co tr tio , P P i : u i E . d u n m an R fiv p bl shed by the . I o t owder Co p y,

Sm ss s n i min t n Del. okele Divi io , W l g o , ' n i 1 See Appe d x. 1 1 2 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

The first requisite of a shooting club is a

- suitable range . A 5 0 yard range adapted to pistol and revolver practice can be constr u cte d l A he at a comparatively sma l expense . t t firing point a room or house should be provided with booths at least three feet wide with openin gs the t t t tt t b e facing argets . A subs an ial bu mus he et supplied behind the targets to stop t bull s , h T s including t e wildest shots . his hould be t t r an ear hen embankment, or may be a na u al uninhabited hill with a steep slope toward the The a range . range should be measured and l id t t t out by an engineer, or o her compe en person A it at t 8 t using a steel tape . p leas % fee deep should be dug for the safe accommodation

he r t of t ma kers , and provided wi h a safely The t t shielded side entrance . uprigh s and o her target framing should set against the back side Th t the it the of this pit. e wid h of p from framing toward the firing point should be 5 h t feet, and t e length should be made abou 3 % T feet for each set of alternating targets . he alternating target frames to which the targets ar e to be attached may be of wood with heavy Th u canvas stretched over them . e frames sho ld be at least 3 0 inches square and should be so arra nged that they can easily be moved up and down between the vertical posts in grooves

1 1 4 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

Figure 81 - a s o f A na in a s Pit etc. for o a d Det il lter t g T rget , , , s Y r

Range. CLUB S AND RANGE S 1 1 5 ated ; paper targets having been pasted to the canvas on the frames a suflicient length of time Th previously so as to be dry . e marker pulls down one of the targets which raises the other t he th t is in o t firing position . As soon as e sho

d the 1 0 - t t an fire , marker, using a foo rod wi h iron disc 2 % inches in diameter fastened on the end as a pointer spots the shot by placing the he l t disc over t bul et hole , and then poin ing to one of the numbers over the target corres h The on ponding to t e value of the shot. disc the pointer should have one side painted white so that it can be easily distinguished when coy ’ - ering shots in the bull s eye . The scorer at the firing point then scores the t the The r shot as indica ed by marker . marke then raises the target at the bottom of the pit t the xt h in posi ion for ne shot, which brings t e first target down into the pit where the marker the t t T covers bulle hole with a pas er . his t t h t opera ion is repea ed for eac sho . Wher e a score of ten consecutive shots is to be be ma de on each paper target without cov the t t ering bullet holes wi h pas ers , as in the U t t t R A t M t ni ed S a es evolver ssocia ion a ches , the target is fastened to the frame with double pointed carpet tacks and left in the firing posi t he ten t t tion un il t sho score is comple ed, each 1 1 6 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

shot being spotted, marked, and scored as n the t th fired . Whe score is comple ed, ano er paper target having been placed on the alter h it the tt nating frame in t e p , la er is raised

promptly ready for the next score . I n large cities it is o ften necessa ry to provide a suitable range for target shooting indoors and t by a rtificial”light. Such a range is designa ed Th 2 0 a gallery. e standard range is yards 2 for for the revolver and pistol , and 5 yards Th at the nt the rifle . e arrangement firing poi is practically the same as in the case of the 5 0 he t at t t yard ranges , t boo hs being leas 3 fee w On he the tar ide . account of t small size of et h i to g and t e short d istance , it s feasible move the t t the t arge back and forth , from firing poin “ to the butt by trolleys operated by a hand the tt t the wheel, la er being located generally a

left hand side in the booth at the firing point. The trolley carri age consists of a heavy steel spring clamp holding a cardboard target (about 9 inches s quare ) at the top edge of the h t t t e o . 8 arge , carriage being supported by a N or I o- gauge wire stretched from the firing point to the tt at he bu , a level of about 2 feet above t

line of fire . The supporting wires are attached to the wood- work at the firing point by means

- of eye bolts , which also regulate the tension of

1 1 8 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R the The wires . trolleys are operated back a nd forth by an endless braided cord passin g around angles over pulleys screwed to the

- he he nd wood work of t booth , and around t ha i wheel . A steel plate with the lower part n clined away from the firing point 2 0 or 30 d e grees is placed about 1 2 inches back of the ta r gets to stop the bullets and prevent them from

- gouging out the wall or wood work behind. B t he t the t y deflec ing t pla es as described, spa ter t of lead is directed downward , and hus pre vents damage to the wood- work around the t the tar targets . A sui able background behind gets may be provided by white or light gr ay t paint, or by a sui able fabric . f the t he he t et I splat er of t bullets mars t arg s , a shield of 1 - inch boards can be erected and maintained between the target and the steel plate . The lighting may be accomplished by a line of gas j ets or electric lights about 2 feet in front of the targets and at the same distance either o above or belowthem . At least tw jets should o t h be used t light each target, o herwise t e flicker of the gas jets makes the light unsatis Th factory . e reflectors should be o f tin or G s t t t t . o her me al , polished or pain ed whi e las

‘ H t s is too fragile for this purpose . eavy imber CLUB S AND RANGE S 1 1 9

or steel plates must be provided to protect the t e lights and piping from wild shots . A elescop is mounted in each booth to enable the marks ’ man to see the location of shots in the bull s

eye . When floor space is limited the rifle ranges can sometimes be located over the revolver the tt the r ranges , or la er, if range is in a cella , may be depressed by constructing a pit of a a he The t s suitable depth t t firing point. boo h for rifle shooting and the operation of the tar gets a re practically the same as already de

scribed . It is best to complete all the work at the t h A h arget end of t e range first. fter t e location of the targets is definitely fixed the position of the firing line can be determined by making the distance from the target to the firing point two inches in excess of 2 0 yards or 5 0 yards as the Th t x case may be . e sligh e cess distance does not ff t the bu m a ec shooting appreciably, t it is i portant in order to avoid any possibility of having scores disqualified in case the range should be questioned and la”ter be checked or v erified and found short. It is desirable whenever possible to have the ranges of the standard lengths especially if matches with t o her clubs are contemplated . 1 20 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

too s The table for cleaning arms, and for l , h t but on should never be placed near t e boo hs , the m to co n the opposite side of roo , avoid gestion at the firing line . The floor on which the contestants stand at as not the firing line must be firm and solid, so to vibrate or move when others walk about in x A t d th close pro imity. concre e floor covere wi x x t a carpet or rug of firm te ture is e cellen . In indoor shooting smokeless powder and r e e duc d charges are always to be preferred . t fi t t e When ar i cial ven ila ion is provided , som shooting may be done with black powder am t bu e t muni ion, t th range soon fills wi h smoke, rendering the targets indistinct and the atmo t sphere unpleasant. Gallery prac ice is very t valuable , as it enables one o preserve good m he t e for in t win er months , in localities wher it is too cold to shoot with comfort and pleasure

- - out o f doors . The following simple rules should be printed and posted in conspicuous places in every shoot ing range or gallery

RUL ES Arms shall be unload ed until the contestant is at the n firing poi t. L oaded a rms shall be hand led with th e muzz le pointing t toward the targe s.

CLUB S AND RANGE S 1 21

Automatic a rms shall be used only und er the personal di ec n o f S n as r tio the hooti g M ter. Contestants are requested to use the greatest care in I handlmg a rms at all t mes. The authority of the Shooting Master in charge shall be absolute. The rules o f the United States Revolver Association n shall govern all match shooti g. The above rules must be stri ctly observed and will be n e forced .

The Walnut Hill Range of the M assachusetts Rifle Association is one of the best 5 0 - yard

- revolver ranges in the country . A well equip —— cd gallery of up to date design is that of the n Crescent Athletic Club , Brookly , N. Y. CHAPTER X II

“ HINTS To B EGI NNERS

EL ECTI ON OF ARM S —There is no single arm that can be used advantage It is ously for all classes of shooting. therefore necessa ry in the first place to decide

for what purpose the arm is to be used . A h x A and careful perusal”of t e te t under rms Am t h munition , will be of assis ance in reac ing a decision The next step is the selection h he un e . As t t of t arm already sta ed , cheap , to reliable , and unsafe arms are be carefully It to avoided . is preferable buy a second t in hand arm of a reputable manufac urer, if t t r good condi ion, han a new one of inferio

- make . Second hand arms frequently have de fects t t t t t the ha canno be de ec ed by novice , and,

to - i if obliged buy a second hand arm , it is adv s able to ask some expert shot to assist in making the ct The h f sele ion . price of t e best grades o

Under this subject the author aims to give helpful practical informatton and advice for the benefit of all who sh to ac uI re sktll in h in wi q pistol and revolver s oot g. 1 22

1 24 PI STOL AND . RE VOLVE R

distinctions between the merits of the differe nt n arms. Any of those named are excellent a d are ca pable of shooting much more accurately than they can possibly be held by the most x ma n t l e pert shots . A wi h a large hand wil probably find the Remington pistol or the Colt New Service revolver best suited for him;; another with a hand of medium size will find h 81 R a t e 8: . t the . . S . W pis ol or S W ussi n M odel revolver most desirable ; while another t he t s ill , with a small hand , may prefer t S evens

t he 8- t pis ol or t . 3 caliber mili ary revolver,

t h . he : . ei her t S . 8 W or t e Colt I f arm t e s t an is wan ed for steady us , elec the l plain blue finish , and wood hand es ; elabo t ra e engraving and gold, silver, copper, or nickel finished arms are handsome and pleas but t dis ing, , if much used, become burn and c he olored where t powder gases escape , and s t A oon become unsigh ly. blued finish is also to be preferred when shooting in the sunlight. M ost arms as offered on the market have hard T oo th rubber handles . hese become sm and the not slippery when hand perspires , and are few x t as desirable as wood handles . A e per S t a ho s prefer pearl h ndles . The trigger pull should have the Smallest t h possible ravel and be smoot and posi tive .

1 26 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

ary to the more difi cult and pra ctical wo rk t the r wi h revolve . The double- action feature in a revolver is to the of very little practical value . Owing va rying amount of resistance to the trigger in h he t d operating t e mechanism , t aim is dis urbe more than if the hammer is cocked with the

E - fire t tt r e thumb . ven in rapid shoo ing be er sults are obtained with a double- action a rm if I t used as a single action . is also more dif ficult to make the trigger pull smooth and short

- in double action mechanisms . — M a nipula tiom M ost of the accidents with firearms are caused by carelessness and igno r The a n ance in manipulating them . revolver d t pis ol , being much smaller, are more dangerou s

to handle than the rifle or shotgun . An exper i enced pistol Shot can easily be singled out by the extreme care and unostentation with which d he han les his arms . On picking up an arm , or if one is handed to ou the y , open action at once and make sure it is not w . Al a s t loaded y do his , even if it is you r own arm and you are quite sure it was not ou t ut it loaded when y las p away ; some one, t t m wi hou any idea of danger, ay have loaded it r in you absence . Cultivate and practise the t habi of always holding the arm , whether load ed H I NTS TO B E GI NNE RS 1 27 o t t it t t r unloaded, so ha poin s in a direc ion where it would do no harm if it were to go 0 5 x t une pec edly. ac By observing these simple rules , serious ci n No d e ts will be impossible . one Should be allowed to handle firearms in a shooting club or participate in any of the public matches until

these rules have been thoroughly mastered . — P ositio n a nd Aiming I f you know of a club or shooting organization to which one or more

fir - it st rate pistol and revolver shots belong, is to i M well join t, if possible . uch more rapid progress can be made by observation and by following the suggestions of experienced shots than if one is obliged to solve the various

problems without such assistance or a dv ice . t In order to familiarize yourself wi h your arm , it is well to practise aiming and pulling the

trigger before any actual shooting is attempted . By inserting an empty shell for the hammer h to strike upon , t e piece may be aimed and “ snapped without inju ry.

The position you adopt is very important. t t the Stand firmly on both fee , wi h body per fectly balanced and turned at such an angle as is most comfortable when the arm is ex L e the t tended toward the target in aiming. t lef arm assume any position that may be comfort 1 28 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

t a l s ot able and natural . Selec sma l black p with an extensive white background to sight

a l k t - at. A sm l blac pas er on a window pane is x t with the sky for a background, e cellen for the is t t t this purpose . When aiming correc , ha i he s, when t sights are properly aligned, their ’ position with reference to the spot or bull s T eye should be as shown in Fig. 85 . he to p of the front sight should just make contact with ’ the lower edge of the bull s- eye corresponding VI ’ I h to the position of o clock. t as been found by experience that it is less fatiguing to the xt th lower arm , fully e ended, holding e piece , e t r t t to it to th to th a ge han raise up e target.

Fi — g. 85 Correct Position of the Sights in Aiming at the — Fir ing With the pistol or revolver in the t he the t righ hand cock t hammer with humb , making sure that the trigger finger is free from the trigger and resting against the forward

1 80 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

t t eye ; but patient practice will correc his , and in time you will be able to let o ff the arm a t the right moment. The pulling of the trigger is a very delicate t it f t the t m t t opera ion ; is , in ac , mos i por an de — tail to master the secret of pistol and r e f the t volver shooting. I rigger is pulled sud enl h at the t the d y, in t e usual way, ins ant when t o the sigh s appear t be properly aligned , aim is so seriously disturbed that a wild shot will To t the the t result. avoid his , pressure on rig t t ger mus always be s eadily applied, and while ’ h - he t t t e . It t sigh s are in line wi h bull s eye is , m to he of course , i possible hold t arm abso l t at lute y still , and aim s eadily one point while the pressure is being applied to the trigger ; the t the but, in aiming, uns eadiness of shooter will cause the line of the sights to point above

Fi 86 —S s g. howing the Travel of the L ine of the Sight ’ About the Bull s- eye in Aiming H I NTS TO B E GI NNE RS 1 81

’ the - t it o bull s eye , hen below , t one side of it, t to the th and hen o er, back and forth and a it as the tt Fi round , shown by do ed lines in g. E 86 . ach time that the line of the sights passes ’ over the bull s- eye the smallest possible incre ment of additional pressure is successively ap plied to the trigger until the piece is finally dis charged at one of the moments that the sights a re l L in correct a ignment. ong and regular practice alone will give the necessary training o f the senses and muscles to act in sufficient h armony to enable one to pull the trigger in this way at the right moment for a long series A t t t of shots . fine sympa hy mus be es ab h the th th lis ed between hand , e eye , and e brain , i rendering them capable of instant codperat on.

et . After obtaining a fair idea of aiming, c , the watch carefully when hammer falls , and h h note if it jars t e piece and disturbs t e aim .

f n the . If I ot, you are holding arm properly h e t the arm t aim is disturbed, you mus grip tighter or more loosely, or move your hand up r the t o down on handle , or o herwise change h your m”ethod of holding t e piece until your hold is such that you can snap the hammer t T and the aim remain undis urbed. his aim ing and snapping drill is largely practised by n expert shots indoors , when they do ot have 1 82 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R the opportunity to practise regularly out- o f doors . t P actice —I f t t oot Targe r . your firs ac ual sh h it t to ing is done at t e range of a club , is bes ask one of th e members to coach you until yo u e h c t r t w ll et . A g t accustomed to t e rules , a ge i t to the be assigned o you , and you will repair I to firing point and load your arm . t is well fir e the wo o let your coach first shot or t , t see

if your piece is sighted approximately right. I f the I f so to t . , you are ready begin Shoo ing 8 at he sights appear to be as in Fig. 5 t mo t t the t hit: men of discharge , hen bulle should ’ - h he . I f t l t e center of t bull s eye , af er severa t t the t s shots , you are convinced ha bulle doe n i the is not ot strike where t should, arm prop

erly sighted for you . I n adjusting the sights you will find it an advantage to remember a very simple rule : To ct the t i the m corre rear sigh , move t in sa e di d ection as you would the shots on the target to t t the r t t the correc hem , or move f on sigh in t M t t t the opposi e direction . os arge arms have

t - t he t fron sight non adjus able , and t rear sigh

adjustable for both windage and elevation. A few arms have interchangeable or adjustable t e t M the fron sights for el va ion . ove sights

a little at a time, according to the foregoing

1 84 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

ann o m oyance. When a barrel is leaded fr

any cause it will become inaccurate . I n such to th e cases , particles of lead usually adhere A inside of the barrel at or near the breech . u t to fit the brass wire brush, of s i able size ba r i t t. rel , will generally remove When his fails , the t carefully remove all oil , cork up opposi e fi i th end of the barrel and ll t Wi mercury, letting the latter remain in the barrel until the

lead is removed. Occasionally the powder is accidentally omit the m ted in loading a cartridge . When pri er x u t e plodes , the b llet may be driven par ly

through the barrel and remain in it. When t t this happens , whe her from his cause or any he t out other, always be careful to push t bulle I f of the barrel before firing another shot. the t no t t is bulle is t removed, and ano her sho fi h T t e . red, barrel will be bulged and ruined his

may occur with a light gallery charge .

t he 2 2 - When shoo ing t . caliber long rifle t t mi fi s re. car ridge , here will be an occasional I n withdrawing the ca rtridge the bullet will stick in the barrel and the powder spill into the t To ac ion . prevent this , hold the barrel t t the t ver ically, wi h muzzle up , and wi hdraw the T shell carefully. hen remove the bullet in the barrel with a cleaning rod ; or extract the H I NTS TO B E GI NNE RS 1 85 bu t t the llet from a new car ridge , inser ing shell filled with powder into the chamber back of the bullet and fir e it in the usual manner . D o not use BB caps in any pistol that you v T a r e t t alue . hey loaded wi h a composi ion o f fulminate of mercury in combination with o ther substances that cause rusting and the bul let T s have no lubrication . hese caps will ruin

- The . 2 2 a barrel in a very short time . caliber

conical ball caps are loaded with black powder, n t t a d the bulle s are lubricated , making his a m uch better cartridge ; but it is best to adhere t o the 2 2 t the a rm regular . ammuni ion for which i s chambered. Never under any circumstances shoot at ob

j ects on the heads or in the hands of persons . There is always a possibility of something going n to un usti wro g, and such risk human life is j fiable t . , no ma ter how skilful you may be It is necessary to exercise extreme care in n t he pra ctisi g wi h t pocket revolver . Some per sons delight in practising quick drawing from the t n T pocke and firi g one or more shots . his

is dangerous work for the novice to attempt.

M ost of the pocket weapons are double action . If the finger is on the trigger and the arm cat the ches in pocket when drawing, a prema t o t ure discharge is likely t resul , which is 1 86 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

l a s un le ant and s met s di t o a w y p as o ime sas r us. Practice in d rawing the revolve r from the pock et or holster should always be begun with O the arm unloaded . nly after a fa ir degree o f skill is acquired should a ctual shooting be a the k ttempted. For quick drawing from poc et the only double- action revolvers that a re fairly

e 8: . H m o h . t a safe t handle are t S W Safe y” m rl the D Act h e ess, and Colt ouble ion, whic h t he to t n as a safety no ch for t hammer res o . Drawing a revolver from a holster is easier and much less dangerous than drawing it from h L r m t t e pocket. a rge and ore prac ical arms t are generally carried in hols ers , and such arms r should be Single act ion in all cases . I n p ac tisin t t t the te g wi h a hols er weapon, fas en hols r the t c he on bel , and an hor t belt so that the hol t at the m t s er will always be sa e rela ive po sition. The holster should be cut out so that the fore n e be the t r fi g r can placed on rigge in drawing. Always carry a loaded revolver with the ham mer resting on an empty chamber or between w t o cartridges . I n the woods , or in lo calities where such t o o shoo ing would n t be likely t d o any harm , it is good practice to shoot at a block of wood d rifting down in the current of a swift- flowing a o o f in stream , t a bl ck wood or a t can swing

1 88 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

A t to f er securing good, reliable arms , stick M t them . uch time and progress is frequen ly l t tr ff t am os by buying and ying di eren arms ,

e c. f t ou munition, t I in any of your shoo ing, y should get results that are peculiar and un it to fin out satisfactory, make your business d h the d ifli l n it a s t e cause of cu ty, a d remedy

soon as possible . Blazing away a large quantity o f am munition carelessly and recklessly is absolutely t t t e valueless as prac ice , and is a was e of im . o r Give your whole attention t your work , and t y your very best to place eve ry shot in the center ’ he - of t bull s eye . It is very important to keep a full , detailed t n record of all your shoo ing, for compari so ,

e c. a v study, t A s uit ble book should be pro ided Do not t he t o f for this purpose . fall in o t habi preserving only a few of the best scores ; but it to k a ev er sho t make a rule eep record of y , ’ u th a and figure o t e verage of each day s work . The t t t a r more pains aking and sys ema ic you e, the B more rapid will be your progress . y care t i o ful , in elligent work, t is possible t becom e a t t t and a fi fair sho in hree or four mon hs, r st rate shot in a year . M a tches a nd Co m e — p titions . After a number t of good sho s have been developed in any club , H I NTS TO B E GI NNE RS 1 89

there is generally a desire to measure skill with the e T o members of anoth r club . his leads t tc ic friendly ma hes , wh h are usually very enjoy t able and ins ructive . Shooting in a match places a man under a certain strain which a flects in d iv id uals quite d ifler ently; some become ner vous and shoot poorly when the best work is ex ected t t p of hem , while o hers are braced up by the occasion and shoot more brilliantly than n t u der ordinary condi ions . Before competing in any match be sure to tho r oughly fa milia r iz e your self with all the con iti n T i d o s . his will prevent mistakes that re quently disqualify competitors and lead to disa r eeable A tt t g controversies . void ge ing in o t t t flic r any argumen s or dispu es wi h range o e s, r ffi the t t e o o cials in charge of ma ches , and par i l T e u ar ly while the matches are in progress . h ra nge oflicer s are invariably extremely busy a nd it is unjust to the other competitors to usurp more of their time than is your proper T t t portion . hey are generally in elligen men who have been selected because of their fitness he t t for t posi ions hey hold, and their decisions n t I f a d rulings should be accep ed as final . for good cause you should wish to protest against a n i ffi y decision or rul ng of an o cer in charge , it t t do in a quie and gen lemanly way, and 1 40 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

t the o whe her rules require it or n t, such protest should be made in writing . B as as t eginners , well hose who keep up their ti t prac ce shoo ing, should enter the annual

the U . R championships of S . evolver Associa t T t ion each year . hese even s are conducted by the Association in different parts of the country t Simul aneously, under as nearly identical con ition B t d s . t as possible y his arrangemen , long and expensive journeys to one place of meeting t are avoided, and all hose interested in the sport t t t t can par icipa e wi hou serious inconvenience . Competing in these events is extremely ad v anta eous fi I th be g and bene cial . t enables e ginner not only to note his improvement from to but ff t x e year year, a ords raining and e perienc t t t in shoo ing under real ma ch condi ions , and will t he Th e correct any misinterpreta ion of t rules . x t t t more e perienced Sho , by en ering hese con tests is enabled to compare his skill with that the tr ac of the leading marksmen of coun y, and curately determine his position among them from year to year . Persons wishing to compete in the an

° nual championships should practice regularly throughout the year under the conditions of the matches ; firing the full number o f Shots and time limits within the specified in all cases .

1 42 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R h t t e etc. ime when conditions of light, wind, , On the are most favorable . normal clear days , t early forenoon , or just before sunse , are gen erally the most favorable for suitable light. The wind generally slacks up to a certain de I m t gree also just before sundown . m edia ely after a shower the conditions are sometimes x e cellent. The position of the target with reference to the sun must also be taken into consideration . It is generally best to shoot directly toward or

t h R - fir e t direc ly away from t e sun . apid shoo ing in a gusty wind is perhaps more diffi cult than t t the under any o her condi ions . When wind is steady one can brace up against It and do fair t bu i t t in shoo ing, t when t is uns eady here will variably be some wild shots . I n deliberate un timed shooting one can wait for a lull and et h t g t e shots in during such brief in ervals .

I n t n - fire t t prac isi g rapid shoo ing, grea care r to t is necessary in o der preven accidents , the s the t t t especially in ca e of au oma ic pis ols , which remain cocked and ready to pull the trig t ger af er each shot. I n shooting within a tim e t t limi , prac ise to use the entire period and en d eavor to d o the t tt bes possible work , ge ing in the a t t t h l s sho jus before t e end of the period . I n team matches always follow the in H I NTS TO B E GI NNE RS 1 48 structions and suggestions of your team cap t o r a i ain implicitly. C fipe te with him to the l mIt of your ability in developing the best and most consistent work of each member of the team . Always remember that the high aver age shooting of a team wins more matches than the brilliant shooting of an individual . I n training for matches be abstemious and f r maintain good physical condition . I your live i i o not t s torpid t must be stimulated . D ire yourself with to o much practice shooting. One or two hours practice daily is generally ample . — Clea ning a nd Car e of An na To maintain th e t ffi r to highes e ciency in an arm , it is necessa y it The t keep in perfect order . working par s m the ust be kept clean and oiled, and barrel The should receive special attention and care . residue of some powders is less injurious than he u that of others , but t arm sho ld in all cases be cleaned and oiled immediately after it has

The t . bee n used . cleaning should be horough H eavy cotton flannel is excellent fo r this pur he t . M t pose . It should be perfec ly dry uch of ff t t but fouling will rub o withou mois ure , if moisture is necessary to soften the fouling in N t t . places , use hin oil ever use wa er, ordinary t k erosene , or similar fluids . For cer ain kinds of n smokeless powders , cleaning fluids have bee 1 44 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

t t t Be prepared ha give good resul s . care ful to use the special fluid that is adapted to the t c the m par i ular powder used, as wrong fluid ay not the accomplish desired results . A good cleaning fluid for many of the Nitro “ ” P B ” , , R . . Q owders such as ullseye S , ’ etc. Dr H Walsrode , is . udson s nitro solvent formula , as follows

s a s n m c 2 s A tr l oil (or Kero e e free fro a id ). . fluid oun ce Sperm oil 1 fluid ounce Acetone 1 fluid ounce . Turpent—me 1 fluid ounce Non a To make sure that the kerosene or Astra l oil is m aci can s a n u s m a s n free fro d, it be h ke p with o e w hi g s a c n u a an ac at ma a e od , whi h will e tr lize y free id th y h v n s n bee pre e t.

To to u clubs , or those who wish make p a t l cleaning fluid in quan ities , the above wi l prove ff x very e ective and ine pensive . For cleaning the inside of the barrel a wood is t It n the en rod bes . should have a k ob on end of such size that one or two thicknesses of the cotton flannel around it will fit the bore S u t t b snug and tight. q are pa ches of sui a le size may then be cut in quantities and used as t e e the quired . Clean from th breech end of bar w The t t rel henever possible . sligh es burr or injury at the muzzle will spoil the accuracy of P an otherwise good barrel . a rticular care x s should be e ercised, e pecially if a steel rod t s to r ent the with a slo is u ed, p ev wad from

1 46 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

h t n s ould be carefully Cleaned and oiled , and he the entire space within the frame filled solid “ wt - the t un i h no”n liquid grease , like Winches er g t h c grease. Af er cleaning t e barrel and ylinder, the bore and chambers in the cylinder should be T t t t filled solid with the grease . his rea men ex the t ox cludes air, and absolutely preven s

id ation. The ext erior Should be oile”d, and P then coated heavily with gun grease . lace th er e arm in a dry woollen cloth , or flannel cov , and wrap it up in a double thickness of new manila paper of the weight of ordinary writ n R t i g paper . epeat this , wrapping wice more, he T each wrapping independent of t other . hen h th lay t e arm in a dry place , where e temper t a ure will always be uniform , and not so warm t h n t t as o melt t e grease . A arm pro ec ed in this way will remain in good condition for a period of two years . Another method of protecting weapons from The rust is to immerse them in oil . wood or r ubbe r stocks should be removed and the arms suspended from a rack in a large glass j ar with a ground glass cover to prevent the evaporation the T ff t of oil. his is a very quick and e ec ive method and is much more convenient than the T preceding plan . he best quality of refined sperm oil should be used . CHAPTER X III

REL OADING AM M UNITION

H E factory- loaded ammunition for pis tols is so excellent that little is to be I gained by hand loading. t is some t to s imes d esirable , however , use special load t t a r e no the t ha t furnished by fac ories , and such ammunition must be loaded by hand . Then, too mm n , m any persons prefer to reload a u i t ion for economical reasons . I n order to do this

x successfully, considerable e perience and skill r The fi t tt t at are necessa y. rs a emp s reload ing a re invariably unsatisfactory and d isap

t t t d t . poin ing, and some imes resul isas rously Extreme care and close attention to details are a t s e bsolutely essen ial , especially if mok less he powd ers are used . It is much t safest and best plan for those who are unfamiliar with r e loading to observ e and study the methods used b y skilled persons , and, if possible , have their

first r x wo k supervised by an e perienced person . Primer s - The primers are made of copper 1 48 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R and brass and are adapted for either black or The t l smokeless powders . primers for pis o and revolver cartridges are made more sensitive f r ifle t . I t than for rifle car ridges , by mis ake , a to cartridge primers re used, there are likely b misfire The t d e many s. original pas eboar boxes in which the cartridges or shells are pur chased invariably have labels designating th e kind of primer that should be used in reloading them . The quality of the primers aflects the t e sults to a much greater degree than most per in r sons imagine , especially reduced or galle y I n t the charges . handling or in transpor ation

priming composition is sometimes loosened, dropping out of some of the primers and leav t m h n ing he considerably weaker than t e rest. O box i opening a new , empty t carefully , and if any appreciable quantity of loose priming is h n m found, t e primers should ot be used for a fi munition intended for ne shooting. h —Th S ells . e Shells are ge nerally made of brass with a solid head containing a pocket for T a primer . here is considerable variatio n in the thickness of the metal from which shells

are made by the various manufactu r ers . Since the outside dimensions must be the sam e in t fi h order o t t e chamber, it follows that the

1 5 0 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R T ence and . qu , very uniform in density size hey are packed in box es of twenty- five and fifty and few are lubricated ready for use. While very persons are able to mould bullets a s good a s

- articu those factory made , when bullets of a p t t t lar shape , weigh , or emper are desired, hey

must be moulded . ’ The Ideal M anufacturing Company s dipper

and melting pot are useful for this purpo se . The best quality of lead in bars or pigs should f h . I t e t to be used bulle s are be hardened, tin a block , which may be had t any hard h ware store is alloyed with the lead . Weig the proper quantity of each metal to give the he desired propo rtions . M elt the lead in t pot n t over a steady fire and then add the ti . A this stage add a small quantity of tallow o r beeswax to the molten metal (about the size

- of a . 45 caliber round bullet) and stir briskly t the T flux the xt e wi h dipper . his will mi ur it Aft t and make flow better . er both are mel ed immerse the dipper and allow it to acquire the t t the t T th empera ure of mel ed lead . hen fill e t the l dipper and , wi h nozz e horizontal , raise it two or three inches above the surface of the

! The I deal Manufacturing Company (M arlin Firea rms Co succ ss s o f N w a n nn h a h and e . u s s e or ) H ve . Co , p bli e book containing full in formation in regard to moulding ull s l a n ammuni n a s and h us ul b et , re o di g tio , t ble , ot er ef n to n information relati g shooti g. RE LOADI NG AM M UNI TI ON 1 5 1

h the t lead in t e pot. With mould in the o her i the hand , turn t sidewise and bring pouring h the to the h ole of mould nozzle of t e dipper . T t the t hen , wi h mould and dipper in con act, tilt or turn both in this position until the dipper is ov er the mould and the nozzle vertical as shown .

Fi — . 8 u n u s. g 7. Mo ldi g B llet The weight or pressure of the lead in the dipper is thus utilized to force the lead into and completely fill the corners of the mould . I t will be necessary to mould forty or fifty bullets before the mould acquires the proper

- All temperature and casts fi rst class bullets . impe r fect bullets should be thrown back into

he - Ex t t t melting pot. perience has shown ha the best results are obtained when the lead and mould are at such temperature that two or three seconds elapse before the lead solidifies in the pouring hole after the nozzle has been 1 5 2 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

i Do not the to removed from t. allow Lead

e - hot as it xi r g t red , o dizes ve y rapidly and more dross forms on its surface at that tem r The o ff per atu e. dross should be skimmed frequently and not allowed to collect in the A not t t dipper . new mould will cas perfec bullets until the surfaces in contact with the lead are free from oil and have become oxi

dized , assuming a deep blue color . Provide a soft surface for the bullets to fall t the upon af er releasing them from mould, as The they are easily deformed while hot. slid “ ” ing top or cut- o ff should be operated by pressing down the lever end on a bo ard or t he table , or s riking t lever with a small wooden The i n h . s mallet mould the opened, and t e f h t t in h bullet drops out. I t e bulle s icks t e h t o f the u mould , strike t e emp y half mo ld on the t t the t the ou side , direc ing blow oward bul e T he t out the l t. his will jar t bulle of mould without difficulty Never strike the mould t with a hammer or any hard subs ance , and never attempt to pry a bullet out of the mould or touch the interior surface with an iron im T it. h plement, tool , or anything that will mar e least indentation of the sharp edges of the mould will cause the bullets to stick and make i he t. A t t them imperfec f er us ng mould, oil

1 5 4 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

I f t dow or bright light. ligh can be seen in any e t it to o of the grooves around th bulle , is small The to e for smokeless powder. remedy is hav the bullet mould reamed out and enlarged so

the bullets will be the proper size . To determine the actual diameter of the bore the e of a pistol or revolver , oil inside of th barrel liberally and then force a bullet into it

s . t a t n a couple of inche Wi h .shor woode he th cleaning rod, hold t bullet in at position while you drive against it with another rod he t t i o from t opposi e direc ion, swaging t s as T to fill the barrel . his must be done gently and carefully so as not to strain or injure the The o barrel . bullet is then driven ut and care

fully measured with a micrometer gauge . M any who mould their own bullets prefer to order the mould to cast th e bullets the ex act Size to fit the barrel ; while others prefer to have the mould cast the bullet one or two t t o t thousand hs of an inch o large , and hen pass t t t them hrough a sizing ool , reducing hem to the The tt t r s correct size . la er me hod insu e t absolu e uniformity . For smokeless powders the bullets are gen er ally cast a little harder than for black pow the t n f 0 to 1 t der, propor ions bei g rom 3 , o to 1 i ct 0 t n . T 2 , of lead and , respe ively o RE L OADI N G AM M UNI TI ON 1 5 5

h no secure good results , t e bullets should t vary t more han in weight. The next operation after moulding the bul t to A t le s is lubricate them . good lubrican may be prepared by melting together I V: lbs . of

ax 1 . tt 1 . Japan w , lb of mu on tallow , and lb Th e of vaseline . e bullets should be s t in a t m shallow pan , bases down , and wi h a s all t t The t t n space separa ing hem . lubrican can he be poured around them until it rises high h A t enough to fill t e top cannelure . f er cool e cu out the t b ing, th bullets are t of lubrican y forcing them into the mouth of a specially h c ff prepared shell with t e top or head ut o . Each bullet is picked up in this way and then out t An t pushed wi h a round rod . y lubrican on the base of the bullet should be removed t A x t wi h a cloth before loading. n e cellen ma chine for lubricating bullets is made by the The I deal M anufacturing Company . machine t the sizes and lubrica es bullet at one operation . It the er is rapid, clean, and performs work p fectly. P owd er s —A . merican powder manufacturers have no uniform practice in regard to d esig he ff t nating t di eren grades of powder, sizes of etc The t t the t grains , . powders ha give bes results under certain conditions must therefore 1 5 6 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

The are be classified . following black powders best suited for ammunition in which the charge is ten to twenty grains : N American Powder M ills Rifle Cartridge 0 .

4 . ’ Hazard Powde r Company s Kentucky R G ifle F F . ’

E . I N 81 . D upont de ”emours Company s Dupont Rifle F F G . ’ L aflin 8c R P O and o”wder Company s range R Ex tr ifle a F F G . ’ King Powder Company s Semi - smokeless

F F G . When the charge is less than ten grains in t fi f h ow weigh , one size ner grain o t e above p ders should be used ; and for charges heavier than twenty grains , one Size coarser grain will h give t e best results . L es ok xt fo r m powder , now so e ensively used

- . 2 2 t a caliber rim fire ammuni ion , is a combin tion of black powder with high- grade gun tt co on . the h For reduced or gallery charges , hig grade quick- burning shotgun powders are ’ ” m t es s H E e t so e im u ed , such as azard s l c ric , ’ ” m e c T ow Dupont s Di a ond Grain , t . hese p u not be us ders sho ld ed in full charges , and i f comp r essed in the shell will give very i r regular shooti ng.

1 5 8 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

S t a e aster. pecial shells wi h an annular cre s , which only admits the bullet a certain dista nce he n into the mouth of t shell, and providing a t t e air space , should in all cases be used wi h hes

powders . Nearly all varieties of smokeless powders require a certain amount of confinement in o t d o order t secure complete combus ion, and not give good results unless the shell is crimped l securely to the bul et. A table giving the proper charges is supplied h w by all t e manufacturers of smokeless po ders ,

suitable for revolver and pistol shootin g .

These charges should in no case be increased . I f it is desired to adapt a smokeless charge to u t a special b llet, which gives good resul s with b the x t lack powder, appro imate equivalen in smokeless powder can easily be calculated from ’ the s t I f the powder company able of charges . t not calcula ed charge does give good results , compare the penetration of the smokeless t the charge wi h black powder charge , and mod ify the former until it gives approximately the t t h tt I f t same pene ra ion as t e la er . his not t the ffi he fit the does correc di culty, t of t st t an b it bulle should be inve iga ed , d possi ly may have to be increased in size slightly and hardened before the best results will be oh ain t ed . RE LOADI NG AM M UNI TI ON 1 5 9

No attempt should be made to secure higher velocities or greater penetration with the ordi na r y lead bullet than is obtained with black powder . Such results can only be produced t t t wi h hard alloy or jacke ed bulle s , special r iflin e o t t g, tc. , and in arms designed t wi hs and the severe conditions incident to such augment ff t ed e ects . Excessive charges in regula ion x arms , besides being e tremely dangerous , are likely to cause the bullet to strip the rifling and the lead barrel . The most recent activity in the matter of smokeless powders is the series of experiments

- e . with th U S . Government pyro cellulose for The c mula . powders are ut to such dimensions as will fit them for both pistol and rifle car T e t trid ges. his powder has th advan age of causing much less erosion than the nitro - glycer ine powders and for that reason will probably appeal to the ammunition manufacturers and consumers to such an extent as to secure its t he adop ion , if t experiments now in progress prove to be satisfa ctory from a ballistic stand point. — Reloa ding S uitable tools for reloading are furnished by the I deal M anufacturing Comp t the t Re any, Smi h 81 Wesson , and Winches er T t peating Arms Company . hese usually consis t of one or more combination tools , wi h which 1 6 0 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R the various operations may be performed with rapidity and precision. I n reloading ammunition the one thing to t be borne in mind above all else is unifor mi y. No matter how excellent may be the quality he the t of t powder, or how perfect bulle s , if

t t etc. there is any variation in quan i y, size , , the results will surely be irregular and d isap The et the pointing. bull s Should be of same he t th diameter and weight, t mou h of e shells he c t of uniform size , t powder ac ura ely meas ured l h the at , and a l t e details in oper ion of loading each shell should be as nearly identical as it is possible to make them . Shells that have been loaded with bla ck powder will corrode very rapidly if not p r op t The r erly and promp ly cared for . p imer should be ex tracted from the shells as soon as t t The t prac icable af er firing. shells should hen be immersed in hot soap - suds and stirred I f it around briskly until thoroughly wa shed . is desired to brighten them or to remove cor osi n r o , add one tablespoonful of sulphuric acid to t R he two each quar of suds . inse t shells in clean boiling waters by agitating them as be and t t x u o fore , hen dry hem by e pos re t sun t o r I t t the ligh mild heat. n ense hea will draw t the emper of shells and ruin them .

1 62 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

The usual method is to measure the powder with a charge cup that is supplied with the t e t the loading tools . A quan ity of powder should be poured from the can into a small box and

the charge cup dipped into it and filled . With a thin lead- pencil tap the cup lightly two or three times on the side to settle the powder I f he tt the to uniformly . t powder se les below p of the cup dip the cup into the powder again fill it n o t t the so a s and , being careful ot t il cup o ff to disturb the powder already in it. Strike the powder in the cup with the pencil and pou r i t th he in t in o e shell . By measuring t powder this way and ver ifying it by weighing each r t o f cha ge in a delica e balance , a high degree t Or skill may be acquired in a short ime . di na ry revolver charges should not vary more

- than one tenth of a grain in weight. The charge cup method is preferred by many in measuring smokeless powders , as some vari eties r , being coa se grained and light in weight, to a re are liable form large voids . Such voids invariably corrected when the charge cup is t he w apped and t po der settles . After the desired quantity of shells has been a t h t primed and ch rged wi h powder , t e bulle s , t the properly lubricated, are s arted into shells by hand and then one by one the cartridges RE L OAD I N G AM M UNI TI ON 1 68

e h t ar placed in the reloading tool , whic sea s

the bullet and crimps the shell . h In reduced black powder charges , when t e h t he bullet is seated below t e mou h of t Shell , the too ! should be adjusted so as not to crimp

the shell . In loading cartridges in which the shells are no t h t t crimped on t e bullets , it is very impor an that both the shells and the bullets Should be t t t the fit absolu ely uniform in size , so ha , and t the the t the consequen ly friction , of bulle s in the B shell will be same in all cases . y reload ing some of the shells oftener than others or t ff t the x h wi h di eren charges , e pansion of t e shells will vary and the bullets will fit more or t t t fi less igh ly . Such ammuni ion when red will

vary in elevation . I t is well to begin with new shells using the same loa d in them and reload he m m E t ing them t sa e nu ber of times . ven wi h the same charge and under apparently identical conditions a few of the shells will expand dif fer nt T a n o e e l . s t w y hi vari io ill , h w ver, be readily discovered in se ating the bullets with t the t at the tool . Car ridges in which bulle s se with greater or l ess effort than the average should be carefully separated from the rest and not used when fine shooting is required . I n reloading ammunition with spherical or 1 64 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

round bullets the neck of the bullet should I n t i t the . be up , opposi e powder Side his pos t t tion the neck is always in sigh , and any urn ing of the bullet so as to bring the neck on the side and in contact with the barrel will be ap Al u ts parent and can be corrected. l round b lle should be at least 1 1 0 0 0 of an inch larger in diameter than the bottom of the grooves o f the T t to m barrel . his causes hem defor t he t the sligh ly on t circle of con act with barrel , and creates a narrow cylindrical surface around the t r t bullet, securing a bet er bea ing and grea ly n h I t the increasi g t e accuracy. also insures t t fitt the t the t igh ing of bulle in shell , preven ing it from being displaced by the recoil . I f the round bullets fit loosely, or if there is slight est imperfection in the bullet where it comes in

t t t the h a - c t con ac wi h shell or t e barrel, g s u ti ng will result and hot lubricant is liable to the t t the In pass by bulle in o powder charge . t the ei her case accuracy is impaired . r t u h When ound bulle s are sed, t e lubricant t f t mus be applied a ter they have been sea ed . T t The his can best be done wi h a small brush . brush is dipped into melted lubricant and then p assed a r ound the bullet where it is in contact T with the shell . o o much lubricant is und esir a - h ble . At least three qu a rters of t e surface of

1 6 6 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R bullet will lead the barrel and is liable to cause

h t . difficulty with t e mechanism, and acciden s Only experienced persons familiar with the Operations of loading the rimless shells and whether or not the arms will operate with the t s tt m t charges hey propose to u e, should a e p t t reloading his ammuni ion. APPENDIX I

THE UNITED STATES REVOL VER ASSOCIATION

s ss c at n was un on a ch 1 00 and Thi A o i io fo ded M r 5 , 9 , inc a in anua 1 0 is c n na orpor ted J ry, 9 4. It the re og ized tional organ ization o f the revolver and pistol marksmen of th e n S m U ited tates of A erica . I ts objects are : to foster and d evelop revolver and pistol shooting ; to establi sh and preserve recor d s ; to classify arms ; and to encourage an d conduct friendly ma c s en m m e s and c u s in s c un as t he betwe e b r l b thi o try, s m m n f n well a with the arks e o other cou tries. ffi c s the Assoctation x c t n s c The o er of , e ep i g the e re e i n a s u a . s o n a n . t ry, erve witho t p y Th re i iti tio fee The annua u s are n The mem s sca l d e o ly ber hip, ttered m a n the P n s as a ana Z n fro M i e to hilippi e , Al k to the C l o e, l - n wn un includes al the well k o shots of the co try. The Association has conducted fi ve international re ma s all c won n volver tche , of whi h were by the U ited s c s m m e s and is es ns States. It ele t the e b r of r po ible for the United States teams in the Olympic and all other in i n l h s s a s Anuual Out ternat o a matches. It a e t bli hed the R S . . . o and n am ons a c s . do r I door Ch pi hip M t he , the U A l Ind oor League and provided suitable trophies and meda s . It h as formulated uniform rul es and regulations govern s n s n I n c s ing pi tol a d revolver hooti g. the re ord book of the Association a re inscribed and preserved all the scores in nnua am ns on s s n ua the A l Ch pio hip C te t , the i divid l and am a u s s sc s c n s an s sh te le g e erie , the ore of o te t t , oot ing for rating medals and the best on reco rd perform necs d ai s c nc n n a ms and am a , together with et l o er i g the r S n ss c a n a s ubl sh s U. . munitio used . The A o i tio l o p i e the R A B ulletin a m n all su c s n . . , o thly devoted to bje t of i ere t m m s su sc n t Ch is 1 11 t s to the e ber , the b riptio for cluded in the annual d ues. 1 67 1 68 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

n i fi n n a s - su r in I t h a s The Associatio s a ci lly elf ppo t g. an n a s n su us in asu c is o te d to i cre i g rpl the tre ry, whi h dev the purchase of new trophies for additiona l match e s who a re in s in s a nd s o o i n All tere ted pi tol revolver h t g, and who a re in sympathy with the aims and purpo s e s o f the ssoc a n re F r m a c a n n . o s A i tio , ordi lly i vited to joi it o f applica tion for membership and other in forma ti o n will su S c r - n be pplied by the e reta y Treasurer o request .

The offi cers o f the Association for 1 91 5 a re as follows :

P s n : W H IGAM . . . ca re ide t Col W H , Chi go, Ill .

- I st ce P s n RE w N . Y . : a . R. . S Y Ne Vi re ide t C pt H A , York, z ud - P n M c s : . . St. u s o . Vi e re ide t C C CROSSMAN, Lo i , - P rd c s en : . . L I NDRR San F anc sc Ca l. 3 Vi e re id t C W , r i o, h - P 4t c s n : . R. . L L K a m M d . Vi e re ide t Dr J MU I IN, B lti ore , th - P s n : n c . . E . SEA s ass . s Vi e re ide t Dr H RS, Bo to , M - S c a easu : . . CRARTRRR a s nn . e ret ry Tr rer J B , Y le ville, Co

CONSTITUTION — ARTICL E I Name

The name of this organization shall be the United Re ss c a n States volver A o i tio . — ARTICL E I I Obj ect

The object of this association shall be the encourage

n t - l m ment of revolver a d pis shoot g. — ARTICL E I II M embership

The membership shall consi st of three cl asses : M em

e s ono a em ers ss c a m s. b r , H r ry M b , A o i te Me ber Any reputable citiz en o f the United States is eligible mem e s for b r hip. Any reputable person interested in revolver and pistol s ooting is eligible for Honorary or Associ ate member

9g1 p. Members and Associ ate members may be admitted by vote of the ex ecutive committee and by paying the regular

1 70 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R — ARTICL E VII Dues

S c n 1 . The annua d u s s a ne d a and e tio l e h ll be o oll r, shall be payable on election to membership and therea fter on 1 5 1 anua in e a the of J ry very ye r. S n 2 m ectio . Me bers in a rrea rs for dues fo r a pe riod of m an two a s s a sus n d but ma t e ore th ye r h ll be pe de , y instate themselves in full standing by paying their arrea rs in u s m s ma not res1 d e . Me ber y gn from the association in a when arre rs for dues. S n s c a - a ectio 3. The e ret ry tre surer shall notify each member in a rrears before placing his name on the sus n d st pe de li . S ct n An m m o f as at i e io 4. y e ber this soci ion n good standing may become a Life Member by vote of the ex ec u c mm e and a in n asu 2 such tive o itte by p y g i to the tre ry $ 5 , funds to be used by the association for the purchase o f trophies. — ARTICL E VIII Annual M eeting

There shall be an annual meeting on the third Monday f anuar in ac a at c m n c n o J y e h ye r, whi h eeti g the ele tio of ofli cers and members of the ex ecutive committee sha ll m s ot a a n h s m n ma take place. Me ber n ble to tte d t i eeti g y n s ma s c a - a su wh o se d their ballot by il to the e ret ry tre rer, shall deposit each ba llot in the name of the absent mem n sh a c un a s m m ber, a d they ll be o ted if the e ber were n m m s not in a a s u s s a present. O ly e ber rre r for d e h ll be I f s u m an can entitled to vote. there ho ld be ore th two f r an fi c can a c n as didates o y of e, the did te re eivi g the le t number of votes shall be retired at each ballot until an I n cas a s n fi c s a election results. e of tie the pre idi g of er h ll have the deciding vote. — ARTICL E IX Qnorum

Ten members shall constitute a quorum for the trans action o f business. ANNUAL CHAM PIONSHIP M ATCHES

OUTDOOR MATCHES

— P — n MATCH A REVOLVER CHAM PIONSHI . Ope APP E NDI X I 1 71

to v r od s anc 0 a d s 0 sh s in s n s o f ten e e yb y ; di t e, 5 y r ; 5 ot tri g ’ sh s on fi ve S an a m can a s 8- nc u s- ot t d rd A eri t rget , i h b ll eye, 1 0 nc s arm an n u s i he ; , y revolver withi the r le ; ammunItIOn an sc mus c m d in one u , y ; the ore t be o plete ho r or less from the t1me of fi rmg the fi rst shot ; entrance f ee to m m s not in a a s u s no re , e ber rre r for d e , $3

entr tes.

N TI L PR ES : First cham ns s cu A ONA IZ , the pio hip ilver p va u nn un n x ( l e, to be held by the wi er til the e t annua c m n 1nscribed on cu in a s na l o petitio ; the p. r i ed or men a s is s Cu R s n s R t l letter , , Thi p epre e t the e”volver Championship of the United States of America ; the nam o f nn a and sc are a s en e the wi er, the ye r the ore l o gra ved on the cup each yea r ; to the winner is also award ed a m a a u sam nsc n gold ed l (v l e, with the e i riptio n th n cu o e reverse side as appears o the p. m nsc n S econd , n g and s a , on , old ilver ed l with i riptio . h 1 t e reverse 3 de. Third a s m d a nsc i n on the s , ilver e l, with i ript o rever e i s de. F our th a s and n m a nsc n on , ilver bro ze ed l, with i riptio the reverse side. Fi th a n m a th nsc n on the s f , bro ze ed l , wi i riptio rever e

side. A bronze honor medal of the same design is also om etItor not a a n w1nner mak tn awa rded to every c p , p , g a score of 42 5 or better. I E —Fo r m an n s in an STATE PR Z S . ore th three e trie y m m f State the association awards three prizes e ble atic o Firs t riz e a s and m a ; sec State honors : p , ilver gold ed l riz e a s m a third riz e a n m a . ond p , ilver ed l ; p “ bro ze ed l r n fi s two rIz es are a a d . For three ent ies, o ly the r t p w rde

Winners and Scores mm 1 900 A. L . A . Hi elwright e 1 90 1 John A. Di tz 1 90 2 Thoma s Anderton

R ns 1 90 4 Dr . I . . Calki 1 1 90 5 John A . D etz D ctz 1 906 John A . i 1 1 90 7 John A . D etz Sa H . 1 90 8 R. yre 1 72 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

1 0 . 1 R. kins 9 9 Dr . Cal

1 1 0 . c 9 Dr John R. Hi ks 1 91 1 George Armstrong

1 2 . P n x 1 9 A. M oi de ter 1 1 P an 9 3 A. . L e

1 1 P . an 9 4 A. L e

—P S S — to MATCH B I TOL CHAMPION HI P . O pen d s anc 0 a s 0 s s on fi ve a s as everybody ; i t e, 5 y rd ; 5 hot t rget i n a c a rm an s hin u s ammuni M t h A ; , y pi tol wit the r le ; n an sc mus be c m in one u or tio , y ; the ore t o pleted ho r ss m m fi n th e fi s n anc le fro the ti e of ri g r t shot ; e tr e fee, - to m m s not in a a s u s no t e n i s. $5 e ber rre r for d e , $3 e tr e N T L Parz lz-s : Fir st c am ns s cu A IONA , the h pio hip ilver p a u nn un the n xt (v l e, to be held by the wi er til e annua c m n nsc b on the cu in a s na l o petitio ; i ri ed p, r i ed or m n a s is s Cu R s n s the P s am e t l letter , , Thi p epre e t ” i tol Ch pionship o f the United States o f America ; the name o f nn a and sc a re a s n a on the wi er, the ye r the ore l o e gr ved the cup each yea r ; to the winner is al so awarded a gold m a a u sam nsc n on t e ed l (v l e, with the e i riptio the a n verse side as appe rs o the cup. S econd a s and m a nsc n on , ilver gold ed l, with i riptio the reverse side. Third a s m a nsc n on s , ilver ed l , with i riptio the rever e ' t s d e. Four th a n and s m a w nsc i n on , bro ze ilver ed l, ith i ript o the reverse sid e. Fi th a n m a nsc n on se f , bro ze ed l, with i riptio the rever ° snd e. A bronze honor meda l of the same design is also t c m not a nn ma in awarded o every o petitor, prize wi er, k g a score of 435 o—r better. STATE Pl az as The same as in Match A.

Winners and Scores

a . 1 900 B . Cr btree 1 90 1 homas An derton 1 90 2 Thomas Anderton 1 90 3 Thomas Anderton ss e 1 904 E . H . Ke l r n 1 90 5 Joh A. Dietz

1 74 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

A bronze honor medal o f the same design is a lso a a c m not a nn ma in w rded to every o petitor, prize wi er, k g a score Of 50 0 o—r better. STATE PRIZES The same a s in Match A.

Winners and Scores

a R. H . S yre ”H a r . S y e , t ”i :H:Sayre Sa H . yre Thomas Anderton

O fl Aa F u ( oo fl ' M c utchen C gM . C ‘ I n 1 90 0 and 1 90 1 the military ta rget with a 4x 5 - inch ’ ’ - u s- c un elliptical bull s eye was used. The b ll eye o ted 5 n n n a m and the possible was 375 . Si ce the the Sta d rd A er ’ - n - ha e n ican ta rget with the 8 i ch bull s eye s b e used. P rior —to 1 90 4 twenty- fi ve shots were fi red at each of three an s 2 o and a s. a a an s r ge 5 , s , 75 y rd Th t ye r the other r ge were discontinued and the 75 shots have since been fi red t 0 a n a 5 y rds o ly.

D— — n MATCH MIL ITARY RECORD MATCH . Ope to o s anc 0 a s fi ve c ns cu s r n s everyb dy di t e, 5 y rd , o e tive t i g Of fi ve shots under the same conditions as Match C ; en

anc . 2 m m s not in r a s for d u s 1 tr e fee $ to e ber a r e r e , $ en s un m trie li ited . N T L P E : Firs t a a au a h A IONA RIZ S . gold trophy. l rel wre t su un n a sc m un on an n s a u rro di g roll, o ted ebo y hield ; (v l e, between the scroll and the wreath is a ribbon on c in a s s is n S a s R v whi h r i ed letter , , The U ited t te evol er ss c a n at sc is n a i A o i tio the”top of the roll e gr ved . Mil a R c a c . nam nn a t ry e ord M t h The e Of the wi er, the ye r. and the score for each yea r are engraved on the scroll AP PE NDI X I 1 75

below ; thi s trophy is held by the winner until the next annua c m n and is c m the l o petitio , to be o e property Of the c m nn n m o petitor wi i g it three ti es. S ecori d a s m a nscri n on s , ilver ed l, with i ptio the rever e . 1 3 d e . Thir d a n m a nsc n on s , bro ze ed l. with i riptio the rever e °

si d e. A bronze honor medal O f the same design is al so a a c m not a nn ma n w rded to every o petitor, prize wi er, ki g a sc 1 r ore Of 75 o better. in 1 2 n a r e- n Thi s match was instituted 90 . Bei g e try ma c it a f s ac c un sam c n ns t h, f ord good pr ti e der the e o ditio as a c M t h C. NO State prizes are awarded in this match .

Winners and Scores

1 902 Thomas Anderton 1 90 3 Thomas Anderton 1 90 4 Thomas Anderton 1 0 s L eBou illier 9 5 Tho . t 1 0 6 L eBoutillier 9 Thos. 1 0 L eBoutillier 9 7 Thos. 1 0 8 F ms n 9 C . . G. Ar tro g 1 m 0 . F s n 9 9 C . G . Ar tro g 1 91 0 Samuel Peterson 1 1 P n 1 . a 9 A . L e 1 1 2 Sn 9 Dr. J . H . ook 1 1 M t h 9 3 C. M . cCu c en

1 1 . Sn 9 4 Dr J . H . ook MATCH E —MILITARY REVOLVER TEAM — n n m n MATCH . Ope to o e team of four e from any u a an R R u c reg l rly org ized ifle or evolver Cl b, the poli e c an c an Re imen a a n or s a a for e of y ity. or y g t, B tt lio , ep r te organization from any of the organized Military or Naval an forces of y civilized country . s anc 0 a s fi ve c n s cu e s n s sh s Di t e, 5 y rd ; o e tiv tri g of 5 ot ac un e sam con ns as a c arm an e h d r the e ditio M t h C ; , y milita ry revolver or magazine pi stol within the rules ; ammun i n u c ar ac a u h it o . f ll h ge f tory lo ded. bro g t to the fi in in in un n ac a s n anc 1 to r g po t broke p k ge ; e tr e fee, $ 5 ;

- ffil c u s 1 0 no re n es. a iated l b , $ ; e tri P E : First nans a nch ust RIZ S , the Wi Trophy ( Bro o B 1 76 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R er in onz moun d on an la a h r br e, te e bor te red porp y y mar ase a u nam nn n u ble b ; v l e, The e of the wi i g cl b or an a n a and the sc il en org iz tio , the ye r ore, w l be g ra ved h to hel b nn n on the base. The trop y be d y the wi i g organ iz tion un n x annua c m n s a til the e t l o petitio . A ilver and gold medal will a lso be awa rded to each member Of the inn n m nsc n n a o s s . w i g te , with i riptio the rever e ide S econd a s m a a c m m o f am , ilver ed l to e h e ber the te . t n n n wi h i scriptio o the reverse side. Thir d a n and s m a a c mem o f , bro ze ilver ed l to e h ber the m ns i i n n h tea t an c o t e s s . , wi h i r pt o rever e ide Four th a n m d a to ac m m O f am , bro ze e l e h e ber the te , wi n n n th an i scriptio o the reverse side.

s ma c wa s ns u in c 1 08 n M r . Thi t h i tit ted O tober, 9 , whe Walter Winans (Life member) presented the association i th an a ri w pprop ate trophy.

Winners and Scores

1 Y 0 S ua n N. . N. 9 9 q dro A, G 1 i 1 11 N 1 9 0 st Cavalry . . G 1 1 1 N 1 w a 1 1 . 9 t C valry . G 1 1 2 n R v u 9 De ver e . Cl b 1 1 n Re u 9 3 De ver v. Cl b 1 1 n Rev u 9 4 De ver . Cl b MATCH F—POCKET REVOLVER CHAMP ION S P - n to 2 s s at 0 a s i n s n s HI . Ope everybody ; 5 hot 5 y rd tri g o f s s on fi ve a s as in a c : ac s n to 5 hot t rget , M t h A e h tri g ”

n 0 s c n s a c mman F . be fi red withi 3 e o d fter the o d, ire

Arm an ck . 2 or a ca o r an , y po et revolver of 3 l rger liber y 2 8 ca e nc us n s . pocket magaz i e pi tol Of 5 to .3 lib r i l ive, weighing less than 1 % pounds within the rules ; clean

n t ammun n sam as a c . En i g no allowed ; itio , the e M t h C t anc to m m s not in a ea s u s, 2 ; no r e fee, $4 ; e ber rr r for d e $ - re n s. e trie 0 z a : First m d a th i nscri NATIONAL Pla s , a gold e l, Wi p tion on the reverse side. n n S er and a s and d m a , nsc o , ilver gol ed l with i riptio the reverse side. h rd a s m da W nsc n on s T i , ilver e l, ith i riptio the rever e 'id g O 0 0 ur th a n and m a nsc n on Fo , bro ze Silver ed l, With i riptio the reverse side.

1 78 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

I NDOOR M ATcn ss — REVOLVER CHAM PI ONSHI R Open to everybod y ; dis anc 2 0 a s mus a fic a 0 s ts on t e, y rd ; light t be rti i l ; 5 ho ’ ten S an a m can ta s u s- nc s and t d rd A eri rget , b ll eye i he I o- in nc s i n am s c arm an t e r g i he di eter, re pe tively ; , y v mu o n u s ammun n an . sc st lver withi the r le ; itio , y The ore be completed in one hour or less from the time of fi ring the fi s m m n in r s . En anc to s ot a r t hot tr e fee, $5 e ber - rea s for u s no re n s. r d e , $3 ; e trie N T L Piuz as : First a s cu a u A IONA , ilver p (v l e, a n nam s and sc s O f nn s d be ri g the e ore the wi er , to be hel un i the n x annua c m n cu c m t l e t l o petitio , the p to be o e the property Of the person winning it three times. S ccond a and s m a nsc n on gold ilver ed l, with i riptio the reverse side. Third a s m a h nsc n on se , ilver ed l, wit i riptio the rever i s (1e. Four th a s and n m a nsc n on , ilver bro ze ed l, with i riptio v the re erse side. Fi th a n m a h nsc n on se f , bro ze ed l, wit i riptio the rever

A bronze honor medal will also be awarded to any c m not a nn ma n a sc 2 o r o petitor, prize wi er, ki g ore of 4 5 better. — STATE Pai n s The same as in Match A of the Out a door M tches.

Wi nners and Scores

P W. E. etty E P W. . etty uc t W. H . L ket E S a s Sidney . e r n S a s Sid ey E. e r Sea s Sidney E . r n'i W G. Krieg R H a . S yre H R. a . S yre sc I s n O ar . Ol o m n C. C. Cross a

D lfin P . O J . APP E ND I X I 1 79

PI S P NS P — n : TOL CHAM IO HI . Ope to everybody dis anc 2 0 a s mus be a fi c a s s on t t e , y rd ; light t rti i l ; 5 0 hot en ’ Stan da rd Ameri can targets ; bull s- eye inches and 1 0 n nc s in am s c a rm an s ri g i he di eter, re pe tively ; , y pi tol n u s ammun t n an sc m s withi the r le ; i io , y. The ore u t be completed in one hour or less from the time O f fi ring the

fi s s . En anc m m e s not in a a s r t hot tr e fee. $5 ; to e b r rre r f r - o u s no t e n s. d e , $3 ; e trie NATIONAL AND STATE PRI ZES : The same as in the indoor R am ns x ce a n m a s are evolver Ch pio hip, e pt th t ho or ed l a a d s s r w rde for core of 435 o better.

Wi nners and Scores

1 90 1 43 R S 1 902 . H . ayre 443 1 90 3 Thomas Anderton 460

1 . ss 90 4 E. H Ke ler 45 0

1 0 R. a 1 9 5 H . S yre 45 n 1 90 6 Joh A . Dietz 447 n 1 90 7 Joh A. Dietz 45 5 R P P r 1 90 8 . . entys 45 5 1 90 9 Frank Fromm 45 6 R S 1 . a 1 9 0 H . yre 45 4 1 91 1 George Armstrong 473 1 2 P an 6 1 9 A. . L e 4 9 1 W s n 6 1 9 3 Dr. C. H . il o 4 5 1 1 Sn 68 9 4 Dr. J. H. ook 4

PI N P — n P OCKET REVOLVER CHAM O SHI . Ope to everybody ; 2 5 shots at 2 0 yards in strings O f fi ve shots on fi v e Standa rd American ta rgets ; each strin”g to be fi red mman F Arm an i n s c nd s a c d . w thi 30 e o fter the o , ire , y

l l . t O f . 2 ca or a n u s pocke revolver 3 iber l rger, withi the r e mm n n u a n i not a . u c Maga zi e p stol s llowed A itio , f ll h rge, a a u fi n n in un n f ctory lo ded . bro ght to the ri g poi t broke m m e s not in a a s ac a s. En anc p k ge tr e fee, $4 ; to e b r rre r

u s 2 . for d e , —$ P lum s The same as in Match F o f the Outdoor

Wi nners and Scores 1 80 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

1 1 0 R. 9 Dr. M . Moore 1 1 1 l hi m 9 Co . W. H . W ga 1 1 hn 9 2 o A. 1 91 3 ans Roed d er 1 1 n 9 4 Dr. J. H. S ook “

A N I E L E RE- ENTRY H —M TCH G OV C IMIT D MATC , Open to all amateurs who have never won an importan t in s r n inn s r s in ! ize pi tol o revolver co tests. (W er of p ize gational contests and fi rst and second prizes in State con ll r - fi s s a x s s etc. a e a . en v e te t , e pert hot , , b rred ) Tw ty shots at 2 0 yards in fi ve strings on fi ve Standa rd Ameri an m nu r c a s. 0 m s t m sco a t rget Ti e, 3 i te o co plete the re fte fi in fi s s Arm an or an s o r g the r t hot. , y revolver y pi t l mm n n an fi st n u s. u an En c withi the r le A itio , y. tr e fee, r

n to m m e s not in a a s u s 2 . e e try, $3 ; e b r rre r for d e , $ Ther ma be u re- n s at 1 ac but sc the y fo r e trie $ e h , the ore for as t - n l t e e try only to count. — NATIONAL AND STATE PmZ Es z The same as in Match F a c o f the Outdoor M t hes.

Winners and Scores

R E 1 1 S. 9 3 . verett 1 91 4 Robert Mills

RUL ES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE H R P S P ES OF T E . S. . CHAM ION HI MATCH U A.

iti —m m ma m I General Caud ons . t s ust . Co pe itor ke the selves acquainted with the rules and regula tions of th e ass c a n as a i n anc c no co n o i tio , the ple of g or e will re eive s d a n u n s and c s ns of x cu e i er tio . The r li g de i io the e e tiv m re fina in ll cas a re en com ittee a l a es. These rules for g a a ca n but not a in cas s s e er l ppli tio , will pply e where the p cial c n ns Of an m n m o ditio y atch—co flict with the . 2 . lassi ca tion o Arms A r e C . n fi f (a) y Revolver. A v an ca ib . ax mum l n h a nc u olver of y l er M i e gt of b rrel, i l d in n 1 m m c 0 nc s. n u u 2 un s. g yli der, i he Mi i trigger p ll, % po d S s ma a us a but mus st c n ight y be dj t ble they t be ri tly ope , in n amm and not 1 n a fro t of the h er over 0 i ches part.

An s . s an ax mum (b) y pi tol A pi tol Of y caliber. M i

n th o f a 1 0 nc s. in mum t er 2 le g b rrel, i he M i rigg pull ,

1 82 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

and th s must sh t c n i I f s re o t e e be o o secut vely. score a sh i ten s s rin s the c n sha c a fi s th n hot t g , yli der ll be h rged r t wi six un s and n u un c n er ro d the with fo r ro ds. If the yli d on con a ns fi ve cham s n the ten- sh s n s ma ly t i ber , the ot tri g y be s in w s in f fi v t o s o e ac . I n a c s E hot tr g e h M t he C, D, , and F and n o or a r n the arm s a in all i d or g lle y eve ts, h ll cas s cha wit fi v n e be rged h e rou ds. P osition — n m . . s n s a s an 4 The po itio h ll be t di g, free fro an su s n in o ne and y pport, the pi tol or revolver bei g held h , m x i ar n so as to m . w th e te ded, be free fro the body r — i n n 5 . A ms Any revolver or pistol which n the opi io of the ex ecutive committee complies with the con ditions specified in the various ma tches will be allowed to co m in s n R s or ma n s s t pete tho e eve ts. evolver gaz i e pi tol tha have been ad opted by any government f or the a rmament its a m or na o r such as in n n o f the Of r y vy, the Opi io ex cu c mm t are su a f or m a s c ill e tive o it ee it ble ilit ry ervi e, w m n m a in a c s and E. a s be llowed M t he C, D, A o g the r i 8 whi ch ma y be used n these matches are the . s e

Sm 81 ss n a . Sm ss n ith We o or Colt Milit ry ; 44 ith We o , a R n New S rv uss a m . 8 . ce. Milit ry or i odel ; 3 , 44 or .45 Colt e i Sm S fi eld r S n n . ss n co . o c 45 ith We o ; 44 Colt, i gle A tio m Sc a and l n Ar y, Webley ott M rk IV, the fol owi g

z n au ma c s s . 8: Sc u e i e or to ti pi tol Colt, Webley ott, L g r,

c a ann c aus s. Bor h rdt, M li her, M er, Mor - n f a s h 6. Si hts . I n n s s c o t g ope ight , the ot h the re r ig n u r ee must be as wide on top a s at a y part. Apert re o p p sights or any covered or shaded sights will not be a l l use a n c n s not owed. The Of ot h for the fro t ight will S s ma sm ac n i be permitted. ight y be oked or bl ke ed f m a a m m fi d to su n d s . S ts on s di e ired igh ilit ry r , if odi e it i viduals mus ma n s c n s n and su s an ia , t re i tri tly ope , tro g b t t l, e and suitable for milita ry us . - - - fi in Tri er P ull. u as s c th e 7. gg The trigger p ll pe i ed various events shall be determined by a test weight equa l to the minimum pull applied at a point three- eighths o f an inch from thepend of the trigger and at right angles i i to the p n through—the tr gger. 8. Ammunition I n a ch s and F and in M t e C, D, E , the m d a c m n e u c a ammun i n is e l o petitio , wh re f ll h rge it o r u d ma be uct o f an u a manu eq ire , it y the prod y rep t ble mus in all cas s u to fi n facturer. It t e be bro ght the ri g n in un n x s i h a Of manuf poi t broke bo e , w t the l bel the ac turer intact. AP P E NDI X I 1 88

T a r t — - i an rifie 9. ge s The 2 0 0 yard Stand ard Amer c ’ - - a et N o . 1 c n a n n the in an 8 nc u s t rg ( o t i i g 4 r g) , with i h b ll eye a n d showing in light lines the rings o f the Interna tiona l U n n a s a us in a ll ma c s at 0 io t rget, h ll be ed t he 5 a T h n n a m y rd s . e scores will be cou ted on the Sta d rd A er can t r Th e am s r n s S an a d i a get. di eter of the i g of the t d r Am e r i c a n ta rget are as follows : I O- ring equals inch e s ; 9 - ring equals inches ; 8- ring equals 8 inches : — - 7- rin g eq ua l s 1 1 inches ; 6 ring equals inches ; 5 ring equa l s inches ; 4 - ring equal s 2 6 inches ; rest of ta rget 2 n h 2 n n s sam a e uc 8 i c e s by 8 i ches cou t 3. The e t rg t red ed ’ - — so th a t th e bull s eye or 8 ring is inches in diameter an d th e I o - in nc s in d iam t nc u in r g i he e er. i l d g the 4 rin g in ches in diameter and the rest of the target 9% in ch e s b inc s c un n s a us all y he , o ti g 3, h ll be ed for m a tch e s a t 2 0 yards. M r kin and S corin - I n ll ma c s new a 1 0 a . a . g g t he p per c m N m ta rgets sh all be furni shed for ea h co petitor. ot ore a n n s are fi on an a at 0 a th te hots to be red y t rget 5 y rds. an d n o t more than fi ve shots on any ta rget in Matches D E and F and all s n at 2 0 a s C, , , , for hooti g y rd ; the shot h o les in all cases to remain uncovered and left as s B u s uc n s n or n a n on hot. llet to hi g, triki g, withi li e the n h target a r e to be scored the cou t of t at line . The eye a n h m n a u uc e n lo e s a ll d—eter i e whether b llet to h s or ot. 1 1 Ties . s s a c as s . Tie h ll be de ided follow (I ) By the sco re at the longest distance ; (2 ) by the score at the nex t l o n gest di stance ; (3) by the fewest number of shots of lowest count ; (4) by fi ring fi ve shots each under the same c o n ditions a s the match and these rules in rega rd

s un c . to tie , til de ided ision — s n in ll 1 2 S u erv . a . p The hooti g the events must take place in the presence of at least two n s s am l a ru s one O f m m Wit e s e f i i r with the le , who ust be

an auth o rized offi cer . This offi cer shall cer tif n s n h as c m e a ll ac c a . y th a t e h o te t t o pli d with the U S .

R . n s anc a n m A . ula s as amm ni reg tio to di t e, we po , ti e, u m n l n etc . n n sa o an s aces o e tio , , oti g e the b k p pr vid d on sc ca s and n ss s s a si n the the ore rd , both Wit e e h ll g targets and sa sc ca s in u ca e ac c n s an id ore rd d pli t for e h o te t t . —An n l I r otes ts . s e h 3 . P y per o who b ieves t at an inins t c h en n ss n s m i e a s be do e, or who di e t fro the decision o f an au x cu ffi c Of ass c a n y thorized e e tive o er the o i tio , may en a s on s n 1 sa fi c ter prote t depo iti g $ with id Of er. Such 1 84 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

t st must be in ritin in u ca and must be ma d e pro e w g, d pli te. within 2 4 hours a fter the incident on which it is bas e d. One copy to be handed to the ex ecutive ofi cer o f th e club or organization conducting the matches and the oth er

- h S . copy to be mailed to the secreta ry treasurer o f t e U . ll n s a and ass u o n R . A . A protests will be i ve tig ted p ed p the x mm and if sus a n the test by e ecutive co ittee, , t i ed, pro fee will be returned ; otherwise it will be forfeited . 1 Record s — s n c s sha h en 4. The hooti g for re ord ll, w act ca n on un s o r in a a o f a pr i ble, be do e the gro d g llery r u a an s n ass c a n m a an eg l rly org ized hooti g o i tio , ilit ry org iz ation or c u and in s nc o f at as two Wit l b, the pre e e le t n ss s am a u s one m e e f ili r with the r le , of who shall be an offi cer o f the New ta rgets o f regu l n be n u nd u atio size sh all used. The foregoi g r les a reg lations and the conditions governing the ch ampion ship matches Of the must in all cases be observed an sc a in d followed. The record ore sh ll beg with the fi rst shot a fter the shooter has announced his intention to shoot for record ; only the fi rst ten shots will a pply to the I O- shot record : the fi rst twenty shots to the 2 0 s c and so on to 0 or 1 0 0 s s as s o hot re ord, 5 hot , the h oter ma Suc sc s mu s Of o r 1 0 s s y elect. h ore ( ltiple 5 hot ) for record must in all cases be completed within the sa me proportional time limit as is specified for the correspo n d i n c am ns i ma c us in a c x am g h pio h p t h ; th . M t h A , for e ple , the fi s I O s s n 1 2 m nu s s 20 s s r t hot withi i te , the fir t hot m n t fin n c e n 2 u s e c. s c s withi 4 i te , After i hi g the re ord or , the targets sh all be identified and signed by the witnesses na n a as above desig ted . The wit esses shall al so prep re nd s n a c fi ca o f sc e m c the a ig erti te pre rib d for , whi h, with a le sc and all a s s al a to the det i d ore t rget , h l be forw rded A s r - all . . a s s c a asu . U S R . ddre ed to the e ret y tre rer If the c n ns u s and u a ns a n c m o ditio , r le reg l tio h ve bee o plied h sc n c c and sc is an wit , the ori g orre t, if the ore higher th or equal to any previously made under the same con di w e c ti ns i l cla a ne c . s o , it w l be de red r ord The ore will then be entered as such in the record book Of the a ssoci n and s ma n fi to a ff c atio , the hooter for lly oti ed th t e e t . METHODS AND CUSTOMS TO BE FOL LOWE D I N CONDUCTING THE ANNUAL COM P ETI N F I O THE . S R. . T O U S. A

The conditions under which local clubs may be auth

1 86 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R

The requisite number o f targets are issued when the i s mus n um competitor Wishes to shoot h s score. The e t be ’ c ns cu mus a c m s n a m bered o e tively, they t h ve the o petitor e and the number Of his score ca rd written on them f or

en fi ca n and mus s in num ca o . id ti tio , t be hot their eri l rder The targets a re usua lly tacked a t the corners on a lter na n am s c can as c h a ti g fr e overed with v , over whi h e vy i Eac a is in s n un paper s pasted. h t rget left po itio til the u num s s a n fi at a c s t req ired ber of hot h ve bee red it, e h ho being spotted and ma rked as fi red [ no pasters to be us ed ! . When a string ha s been fi ni shed the ta rget is lowered a nd n n n sc the alternati g ta rget rai sed i positio . After the ore is completed the targets are brought to the fi ring point an and delivered to the r ge Offi cer. h n a c m s s to s his sc h is ar m W e o petitor Wi he hoot ore, must be ns c and a ss ffi c in c a who i pe ted p ed by the o er h rge, must see that it con forms with the rules and requirements i i m s who Of the event n which it s entered. Co petitor wish to enter in any o f the events are urged to have their arms examined by the ex ecutive Offi cer or committee in cha ma c s as s n as ss so a in cas rge Of the t he oo po ible, th t e s u an x c ns ma s s there ho ld be y e eptio de to the ight , the r - u o r an a ls an o o r t igger p ll, y other det i , there will be pp tunity to have these ex ceptions corrected so as to comply with the requirements when the offi cial test and inspection is made before shooting the score . I n a c s E and F sc s u a a M t he C, D, , the orer ho ld h ve

a l s a c so a m n accu a . reli b e top w t h . th t the ti i g will be r te It is n ss a two men m well, whe ever po ible, to h ve ti e the n n c w com so as a a a a c . ne petitor, to h ve dditio l he k A tar et must be furnished for each string Of fi ve shots at

ea an . cc n to u s a c m r ge A ordi g the r le , if o petitor starts to shoot a string of any score and his arm becomes sa m an caus s s s c ac di bled fro y e, tho e hot whi h re h th”e a n m m a c mman F t rget withi the ti e li it fter the o d, ire. w c un as c m t s ve ill be o ted the o ple e core for the fi shots. In cas o f a sa arm ffi c co mm in the e di bled . the o er or ittee charge may allow the competitor to complete the remain in s n s o f his sc it an rm S s n g tri g ore w h other a . hot o the paper ta rget outside of the 4- ring count 3 ; shots missing

a a c un . c m n th e sc the p per t rget o t zero After o pleti g ore, n the u ca sc ca s are fi out con whe d pli te ore rd lled . the testant takes the duplicate and the range Ofi cer retains na c the origi l re ord. APPE NDI X I 1 87

All unused targets and score card s are also to be for w a the s c a - asu a c m ta d rded to e ret ry tre rer, with o plete de ile a c c un n anc s su s etc. o t of e tr e fee , pplie , I n the Meda l Competition only those targets that ac tu all c un m a s a re n ss c fi and y o t for ed l to be wit e ed, erti ed f o rwarded to the secretary- treasurer for verifi cation and r e cord. I n order that the conditions may be uniform and climi n ate as much as possible the speci al conditions in rega rd t o n etc a ma x s at f n ac s wi d, th t y e i t the dif ere t pl e where th e ma c s ma be s s s u t he y held, the hooter ho ld be pro t e e a m ct d t the fi ring point by a shelter . This ay be either th e r e u a s n us O f c u s n g l r hooti g ho e the l b, or, if the hooti g i s n i n n a su a n m a am do e the ope . by it ble te t or te por ry fr e . s tructure having an opening in the direction of the ta rget ; th e n u l n nt other three sides being i closed . The b i di g or te should be la rge enough to accommodate also the Offi cer or c mm t in c a ma c so a s o i tee h rge of the t h , th t the hooter may be at all times in sight of the offi cer in cha rge of the an at m c i ma a su r ge the ti e the s ore s de. A t ble of it able size should be provided near the fi ring point for holding ammunition and for the convenience of the com petitor to clean his a rm in those events wh ere cleaning i fi n n u a n m s allowed . The ri g poi t sho ld be pl i ly arked and so located as to be at least two feet from any tim

s ua s s a s etc. ber , g rd , rope , t ble ,

FFI I R . ER I NS N S R. S N T UCTIO S TO U. . A O C CHARGE OF THE CHAM PIONSHI P CONTESTS

Su s ns s n num d and c fi a s pplie co i ti g of bere erti ed t rget , sc ca s ec an s a c u s and u ore rd , r ord bl k . opy of the r le reg h - a ns etc. u n s e t e s c a a su l tio , , will be f r i h d by e ret ry tre rer on the requi sition of the local representative. Suc su s s a us n in ma c s and all h pplie h ll be ed o ly the t he , used and unused supplies sh all be returned to the secre - l n s s a ta ry treasurer at the c ose of the co te t . The t rget h l m n and supply account O f t e c ub ust bal a ce. l b ffi . R . A . e A governor or other o cer of the U S . Wi l appointed in each locality where the matches are to be h ct as an ffi c p s n a ss c a n and eld to a r ge O er, re re e t the o i tio , n e n ffic s a have cha rge of the co tests. Thi s gov r or or o er h ll personally measur e the range to verify the d is tance and 1 88 P I S TOL AND RE VOLVE R see that all the conditions Of the matches are strictly com i h He i als see ha at as one er plied w t . w ll o t t le t other p son familiar with the rules is present to witn ess all the shooting and he shall certify to the correctness Of each sc and c n i ns s nin sc ca en ore the o d tio , by ig g the ore rd wh sc is c m d and all the ta s o f ac com the ore o plete , rget e h s a s n n s petitor h ll be ig ed by both wit e ses. The other duties in detail o f the governor or Offi cer in charge O f the matches are as follows : When a com x ss s his n n n o f n n a ma c a sc petitor e pre e i te tio e teri g t h, ore ca rd is made out in his name and delivered to him on the payment Of the higher entrance fee (unless the co m petitor ex hibits a membership ca rd bearing the date o f cu n a in c cas is n to the rre t ye r, whi h e he e titled the lower n anc sc ca r s in nu e tr e fee) . These ore rds a e to be i sued m r ca and n m an one c n s an s s e i l order, whe ore th o te t t wi he s at sam m man n th e sc ca to hoot the e ti e, the holdi g ore rd first i ssued is entitled to the preference o f position and

m . n c n s an is a s an s ti e Whe the o te t t re dy to hoot, he h d his score card to the governor o r other offi cer o f th e ass c at n who u n ssu the u a s num o i io , there po i es req ired t rget c ns cu nam of c m a nd bered o e tively, with the e the o petitor the number of his score ca rd written on each target f or ind ntifi ti n rm o f c m is n ia e ca o . The a the o petitor the spected to make sure that it complies with the rules and n s s mus ca u ns c a nd regulatio s. The ight t be ref lly i pe ted the trigger- pull tested by weighing in j ust bef or e th e u score is beg n. The records for which blanks are provided on th e

c nc to arm ammun n etc. score ard with refere e the , itio , , ’ in c m s fi s a ma must all be fi lled . The o petitor r t t rget y in s n As s n as c n s an then be placed po itio . oo the o te t t in his sc m is a n m fi n beg s ore, the ti e t ke fro the ri g of the fi rst shot in Matches A and B and in the Cor responding n h am ns s and n sc e mus com I door C pio hip , the e tire or t be m m Sc s in a c pleted within one hour fro this ti e. ore M t h G must be completed within 30 minutes after fi ring the fi rst I E and F t m is a n m . n a c s shot M t he C, D, , the i e t ke fro mman F and fi ve s s mus fi the co d ire, the hot t be red within the spectified time limit in each ca se an d a record is made Of the actual elapsed time of each string which must be written on the corresponding targets later when . u t fi n nt ann unc n o f they are bro ght o the ri g poi . The o i g intermediate times or seconds is not allowed Ten shots are to be fi red at each target i n Matches A

1 90 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R amoun to c a ac to c u s ac c u a in t be h rged b k the l b , e h l b p y g an ua am un . h s is not ex ce 1 0 eq l o t T i to ed $ . Secreta ries of the clubs where shooting nights and d is ance m ar e to use ma s » t will per it the il. other the tele ra in a s R su s th e T g ph the che pe t form. e lt of week MUS reach the secreta ry by noon of the nex t Monda y a fter

he sh ss has no use s a n s. u s t oot. The pre for t le ew Cl b shall pay a fi ne of $1 for ea ch failure to report on time ; he fin n un x en t es to go i to the club f d for e p ses. r n Targets a e to be se t to the va rious clubs prepaid . Only clubs which gua rantee to stay through the s eries n will be allowed to e ter. Shootin Ni ht - u s m s on one two en g g . Cl b ay hoot or ev in s m s c n n n m but mus g Of the week o t o ve ie t for the , it t the sam n n s eac all u m a c be e eve i g h week thro gh the t h, n a an a t e - u less ch ge be u horized by the s cretary treasurer. Any club may be allowed at the di scretion of the ox een tive committee to divide their shooters into two divi sions n tw s n n a m m s a d have o hooti g ights week. The e ber hip o f th e s ns mus d s nct a is a man ma divi io t be kept i ti , th t , y not change from one divi sion to another and each divi s n mus a its u a n n a c s not io t h ve reg l r shoo ti g ight . M t he n shot accordi g to the above may be forfeited. Teams c ns s o f fi ve men but ac c u ma at its to o i t , e h l b y Option shoot in any match from fi ve to ten men an d pick

- sc es o f s fi ve. uali ica tions a id u mem the or the highe t Q f , p p r i h A n n in ca be shi n t e S . R . . and s a p U . good t di g the lo l c u A ma n ma s hoot on the tea m o but one club. l b. y f ' ‘ l he c s of members in arrears for dues may be f or fcite

m n m . s nc n ac an . a S a a can a e h T rget, t d rd A eri Di t e, twe ty E n m i n yards. ach i dividual score to be co pleted w thi - fi twenty fi ve —minutes from the time of fi ring the rst shot. S coring Offi cial scoring to be done by the secreta ry

asu . I n c s ma c s c un Of u u tre rer lo e t he , where the o t do btf l s s m n nn at eas two mem hot will deter i e the wi er, l t of the bers of the ex ecutive committee shall be called upon to ass s sec a in s i t the re—t ry scoring these hots. S”envision Members of the ex ecutive committee and governors shall supervise matches within their u sd c n and c a l c n ns j ri i tio , ertify th t a l o ditio APPE NDI X I 1 91 ha e n An sc re not o er ti ed ma e v bee fulfilled. y o s c fi y b r otes ted an c m and at the sc n a p , by y o petitor di retio Of m x mm m h n ajority of the e ecutive co ittee ay be t row out. n ua n u ff I divid l a d cl b ties to be shot o . P r otes ts from the decision of any official ma mad in n to s c a - a su y be e writi g the e ret ry tre rer, if ma iled within 48 hours after the decision has been brought a n n s n r n n to the tte tio of the per o o perso s feeli g aggrieved. Ea ch person concerned in making the protest must for a 1 c u n s is sus w rd $ , whi h will be ret r ed if the prote t tain ed s th e ass c a n asu . , otherwi e forfeited to o i tio tre ry r — n s I n Gene al. The series to begi a quickly as arrange m n n ma M a s ca . c s e t be de t he to be shot weekly. a s u n s ma n fica n T rget will be f r i hed rked for ide ti tio . and must be used only for the match assigned and for no For u s ns ma c mus li e other purpose. Obvio s rea o t h targets t jea lously gua rded and their individual identity ca refully u m u c as m sim preserved. Cl bs ay p r h e fro the l r u i a targets for practice p rposes. m a e m Scores on ix ed t rg ts ay be forfeited. . Clubs will be cla ssified in groups o f four matches to begin the week o f Entries to close F ud —An s n un u x cu om r a . y per o fo d g ilty by the e e tive c m mittee . S . R . . c a n a n a of the U A of he ti g, ev di g or tte pt i n a u a ns n n s c n s s s al g to ev de the reg l tio gover i g the e o te t , h l be deba rred from all contests until reinstated by a of the members at an annual meeting of this . vote c n asso iatio . We hereby agree to all the above conditions and make application to enter a team in the L eague. Our preferred shooting d ay of the week i s

Witnesses RECORDS

The following records have been made und er the United States Revolver Association rules since their adoption 1 92 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

50 Shots — i 2 6 1 0 E. man San F ancisc al Apr l , 9 3 J . Gor , r o, C . - S . 1 0 . . R. a ins S n fi ass ept 7, 9 4—Dr I C lk , pri g eld, M . un 6 1 1 1 . E . man San F ancisco Ca l . . J e , 9 J Gor , r , — w Nov 26 1 1 1 n . Ne N. . . , 9 Joh A Dietz, York, Y— 8 8 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 —94 9 9 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 —96 8 8 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 —94 9 9 9 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 5 8 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 i O I O I O I O- 96 — 26, 1 90 . E. rman San Francisco, Cal. 273 April —3 J Go , S . 1 0 . . R. a k ns S n fi ass . 28 ept 7, 9 4 Dr I C l i , pri g eld M 4 N 26 1 1 1 — hn i N w 2 ov. . e N. 8 , 9 Jo A D etz, York, Y. 4

2 0 S hots : — i m ran s o . 1 8 2 6 1 0 . E. or an San F c c Cal April , 9 3 J G , , 5 1 — n fi 88 S . 0 . R. a ns S a ss . 1 ept 7, 9 4 Dr I . C lki , pri g eld, M 1 — w 1 N 1 1 hn . N N. ov 2 6 e . 0 . , 9 Jo A Dietz, York, Y 9 —A P New N 1 1 Oct. 1 1 . . an . 3, 9 3 L e, York, Y 9

h I O S ots . — m n 26 1 0 . E. an San F a c sc Cal. April , 9—3 J Gor , r i o, New N. Oct. 1 1 A. P . an 3, 9 3 L e, York, Y

REV L VER 2 0 R O , YA DS 5 0 Shots — W P t New N. a c 1 02 . E. M r h, 9 et y, York, Y — w unt M 1 0 . . . uc t Ne k J : , 9 3 Dr W H L ke t, Yor , lI y — a c 1 0 8. E. S a s St. u s . M r h 4, 9 4 e r , Lo i , MO 95 96 96 95 96

30 S“a s . — Y N o P New . a c 1 0 2 W. E. M r h , 9 etty, York, — N w Y k un I 1 0 . . . uc e J ’ 9 3 Dr W H L kett, or , ieI Y — M s S . u s O h 1 0 5 . E. S a t L M arc 4: 9 4 e r , o i ,

2 0 Shots : — N w N a c 1 0 2 W . E . P e . M r h, 9 etty, York, — N w k c 1 0 . . uc e Mar h , 9 3 Dr W H L kett, Yor ,

N. Y .

1 94 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R in —n of 5 shots iu 1 5 seeonds 1 2 mas nd on Sea i N. . Sept. , 90 o A ert , G rt, J — r S t . 1 91 0 Samu P ete son ep , — el l . M . M cCutchen n Co . e . 1 1 S pt 9 3 C , De ver

1 1 — Se t., 9 . . . Snoo um us, 0 . p 4 Dr J H k, Col b — I O 1 0 9 8 8—45 1 0 I O I O 9 7—46 to 9 9 8 7 43 1 0 9 9 9 7—44 1 0 9 9 8 7—43

0 2 5 Shots ; in strings of 5 shots in 3 seconds. S 1 — F n i t. 0 C. . tt an a c sco ep 9 9 W Kle , S r . 1 — w Y r Y S . 1 91 A. P . an . Ne o k N. . ept — L e , Se 1 1 n k umbus 0 . t. Dr. . H. S oo o p 9 4 J , C l , — 1 0 I O 9 8 6—43 1 0 I O 9 9 7—45 1 0 9 7 7 5 —38 1 0 9 9 8 8—44 1 0 I O 9 8 7 44

2 0 YARDS (INDOORS )

h 1 — I l a c 0 9 W. . hica l . M r . 9 — G Kreig, C go, c a r R S L u s M . a r . . s t. O . M r h, o Dr M . Mor e, o i . a c 1 1 2 - n i M r h, 9 Joh A. D etz, New York, N. 1 — a c , 91 3 ans Roed d er, New N. Y. . M r h —H York, a ch 1 1 . . Sn um us 0 M r , 9 4 Dr J H . ook, Col b , .

P T 0 RD IS OL , 5 YA S 5 0 Shots 1 0 — ho ma s An t n a nut April 4, 9 3 T der o , W l Hill. as M s. 1 0 I O 1 0 9 I O 1 0 1 0 I O 1 0 1 0 —99 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 9 9 9 1 0 1 0 9 9 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 —96 1 0 I O 1 0 1 0 I O 1 0 I O 1 0 I O 9—9 9 8 9 9 8 1 0 9 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 —92 480 APPE NDI X I 1 95 30 Shots — arch 2 1 1 0 E. E. Pa r a nut l M , 9 3 t idge, W l Hil ,

A r 1 0 — omas n t n a nu pil 4, 9 3 Th A der o , W l t Hill, ass. — Feb. 1 1 9 1 F. . n , 4 J Dreher, De ver, Col so S hots — a c 2 1 1 0 E. E. Pa a nut M r h , 9 3 tridge, W l Hill,

A ril 1 0 —h mas n n a nu p 4, 9 3 T o A derto , W l t Hill, as M s. — Feb. 1 1 1 F. . n Col , 9 4 J Dreher, De ver, I o S hots — M a ch 2 1 1 0 E. E. Pa a nut , 9 3 tridge , W l Hill, il ass. r 1 0 — mas n n a nu Apil 4, 9 3 Tho A derto , W l t Hill, ass. — Feb. 1 1 1 F n , 9 4 . J . Dreher, De ver,

P T 2 0 IS OL , YARDS so S hots — a c 2 1 02 u . R. . Sa M r h , 9 Lie t H yre, New York,

h — m n n s n M a c 1 0 as ass . r , 9 3 T—ho A derto , Bo to , M a ch 2 1 0 8 L . R. a c P an M r 5 , 9 H t h, ortl d, Me — F l D man San anc s Ca . ec 1 1 0 . E . c . , 9 9 J Gor , r i o, 1 — m n a a ch 1 1 s S as . . M r , 9 George Ar tro g, e ttle, W h — n P 2 1 1 2 ms n . an. a . 5 , 9 George Ar tro g, ortl d, Ore — m n n a ch 1 1 2 s P a d . r 4, 9 George Ar tro g, ortl , O—re I O 9 1 0 1 0 I O 1 0 I O 1 0 1 0 1 0 —99 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 9 1 0 9 1 0 1 0 —9 7 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 9 1 0 1 0 8 1 0 —96 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 1 0 9—97 9 9 1 0 9 1 0 8 9 1 0 1 0 8 9 2

30 Shots — H S N Y w N . a ch 1 0 2 u . R. . a e M r , 9 Lie t yre, York, a ch 1 0 — mas n n s n ass M r , 9 3 Tho A derto , Bo to , M 1 — New a c 2 0 0 8 u . R. . Sa M r h , 9 Lie t H yre, York, N . Y. — a ch 2 1 0 8 . R. a ch P an M r 5 , 9 L H t , ortl d, Me 1 96 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R — Dec. 1 1 0 9 . E. rman, San F anc sc , Cal . £3 , 9 —J Go r i o a ch 1 1 I rms n S a ash . . 2 84 M r . 9 —George A tro g, e ttle, W an. 1 1 1 1 2 ms n , P an , . . 2 87 J , 9 —George Ar tro g ortl d Ore a c 1 1 2 G r mstron P t an Ore. M r h 4. 9 eo ge Ar g, or l d, 20 Shots — a c 1 2 R. Y 1 0 . New N . u . Sa . M r h, 9 Lie t H yre, York, 73 a 1 0 — m n 1 c as n s n ass . 8 M r h, 9 3 Tho A derto , Bo to , M 9 D 1 — ec. 1 0 E. i n . Go r na S F n ! 1 an a c sc Ca . 2 , 9 9 —J , r i o, 9 an . 1 1 1 1 9 2 G o ms n , P an , . . 1 J , —e rge Ar tro g ortl d Ore 93 a c 1 1 2 r ms n P r an Ore. 1 6 M r h 4, 9 Geo ge Ar tro g, o tl d, 9

1 0 Shots a c 1 — m 0 as n t n s n ass . M r h, 9 3 Tho A der o , Bo to . M a c 2 1 0 6— w n Ne . . N Y. M r h 4. 9 —Joh A Dietz, York. a 2 1 6 . c 0 . a S n fi . . ass. M r h 4 9 J B Cr btree pri g eld, M M a 1 8 1 0 8 —F . . a n P an y , 9 L H yde , ortl d . Me M 2 — a 0 1 1 0 A. . P n x R ed an N . y . 9 M oi de ter. B k, J . 1 6 1 1 - . . ins n st e P April , 9 4 Dr D Atk o , We Vi w, a .

1 98 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

2 scores (7 shots RAPID FIRE (1 5 SECONDS PER SCORE ) 2 scores (7 shots each) 2 scores (7 shots each )

c a ts : Ta us all fi n ( ) T rge rget L will be ed for ri g. (d) Position : Without body or artifi cial rest ; one an n h d o ly to be used. ’ Arm : s au ma c s ca ov (e) Colt to ti pi tol, liber .45 , g ernment m - u not ss t an six odel ; trigger p ll le h poun ds . (f) Ammunition : The Ordnance Depa rtment shall manufacture and is sue ammunition for use in pr elimi na ry practice and in the National divisional pistol ma tches ; all such ammunition to be as nea rly as practica ble o f the sam a o f manu actu and sam ua e d te f re of the e q lity. S s NO a a i n o f s s (g) ight ; lter t o ight will be allowed . The front or rear sights may be blackened accord ing to he u m n f t j dg e t o the competitor . (h) Cleaning : Pieces can be cleaned upo n the com l i n f I n m n p et o O the score . co petitio s at more than one m s anc c an n et n s a nc s. di t e. le i g will be per itted b wee di t e W such c an n m it wi not be t e hil le i g will be per itted, ll quireei P c du Ra F P s : ofi cer in (i) ro e re, pid ire ; i tol ”The n mm n ma a ine charge of the li e will co a d Load. The g z nse in s the s a h one will be i rted the pi tol, pi tol lo ded wit ca om and sa t ck en a rtridge therefr , the fe y lo g ged with n ll i in th the thumb of the right hand . Whe a s ready e a s fi a n u d n the pit, the t rget to be red will be dr w f lly ow ( rear targets being blank or targets of another cla ss than those being fi red upon ) and a red flag hoisted at the center n fl i d a d the ffi cer in a . a s s t rget Whe the red g i pl ye , o ” c a fi n n c mman R ad n h rge of the ri g li e will o d e y, whe the sa fety lock will be disengaged and the position o f “ ” Ra s s a s m i e pi tol s u ed. fi n n n ea d the i t is si na d The ri g li e bei g r y, p g le or tele fi n n n s s na i s phoned Ready ou the ri g li e. Whe thi ig l

c e in the fla is av and . and re eiv d the pit, red g w ed lowered x act fi ve seconds therea fter the targets appea r. At e ly the proper number of seconds a fter the target is in”posnion an fii r mmand s s na s n h aVin the r ge o ce co or ig l Dow . g preceded this command two or thr”ee second s by the warn in m an na R ad ta t mus g co m d or sig l e y. The rge t be fully ex posed and stationary for the number o f seconds AP P E ND I X I I 1 99 c a lled for in the match and then must be withdrawn as u c l as num n u q i k y possible. The ber a d val e Of the hits a n d the number of mi sses will be signaled in the usual m ann h n fi er a fter the score as bee red. I n cas a ct ca i a sa s e of defe ive rtr dge or di bled pi tol. o r when mo an s n bits a re ma on the a et the re th eve de t rg . I n s c m i n s c ore will be repeated . ca e a o pet tor fires o the wrong target only such shots as he may have fi red on his o wn a be n n hi n t rget will cou ted o s score. He will be give mi m hi sses for the re ainder of s score. R s As a n in the Sma ms F n M an ule . l id dow ll Ar iri g 1 m a! 1 x c as n od fi . n , 9 3, e ept herei i ed

P rizes : One gold med al to the competitor maki ng the h s a a sc one s m a com et ighe t ggreg te ore, ilver ed l to the p itor ma n the se n h t sc and one nz ki g co d hig es ore, bro e m edal to the competitor making the third highest score ble to in each National divisional commtition . T0 be eligi wi in an Na na s na st ma c a n a prize y tio l divi io l pi ol t h . competitor must be a resid ent or a member of an organ iz ation located within the division in which the competi r NO c m s a be win s tion occu s. o petitor h ll eligible to prize i m i n in more than one National divis onal co petit o . APPENDIX I II

TARGET PRACTICE REGULATIONS ADOPTED BY THE WAR DEPARTMENT

n E A 1 (I j ect fter J an. 1 st, 1 9 4)

The following is a digest o f the target practice pre sc i for . S. m us n e u a n r bed the U Ar y, i g the r g l tio Colt au ma c s ca . s c ammun n as to ti pi tol, liber 45 , with ervi e ” itio , gi ven in the Small Arms Firing Manua l (War De rtmen n pa t Docume t NO. A very ex cellent and complete program f or target i n m a I X i t re pract ce is co te pl ted . Cha pter s devo e”d to P mina s P s n and m n s in c li ry Drill ; o itio Ai i g Drill , whi h the soldier is trained in a ll the motions o f aiming and

fi n sna n a n . Ex cis s ar e for ri g, ppi g the we po er e provided n dismounted and mou ted soldiers. a s X X I and X I I sc e ac ua ra c c Ch pter , , pre rib the t l p ti e s n h c m u s u a i ns and m h s of hooti g wit o plete r le , reg l t o . et od m c u h ust a ns and a a s. pro ed re, together wit ill r tio di gr The regulation target practice is divided into two ou s s sm un c u s nd m un c u s c r e : the di o ted o r e a the o ted o r e, i each o f which is separate and complete n itself . The following schedule shows the general target prae h m o f ac c u se a sc in all cases c ns s n tice sc e e e h o r , ore o i ti g of five consecutive shots. TARGET P RACTICE SCHEDULE

‘' DI SM OU N I ED COURSE

NO. or I ns tr uction P ractice SHOTS S fi re at 1 and 2 a d s m n mum 1 sc low , 5 5 y r , i i Of ore m m n n a a n . a . t e ch ra ge T rget L Ti e li it , o e Ra fi re at 1 and 2 a s m n mum 2 sc s pid , 5 5 y rd , i i Of ore m 2 0 s c n s an . e . at each r ge Targ t L Ti e, e o d per

i fi re at 1 and 2 a s m n mum o f 2 sc s Qu ck , 5 5 y rd , i i ore — ’ m E n . at each range. Target Bobbi g Ti e, 3 second s per shot at 1 5 yards ; 4 seconds per shot

202 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R — a u c fi r a t M n . 2 scores H lt ; q i k e. T rge Bobbi g

1 to the i ht 1 to the l t. Ran e I O ard s. r g , ef g , y m secon s er s ot Ti e, 3 d p h

allo ar e . Ra n e to and 1 a d s. G p ; T t M g , 4 y r 4 scores—2 gin to ri ht w le circ in to th e , r g the g hi l g le t 2 firin t the e t ci c n to the f ; , g o l f while r li g right Time governed by gait Of at least 1 2 miles — [Note Three of the fi ve M targets (the fi st the c n and the las ar s the al r , e ter, t t get ) of g lo s a ns ruc n P act c are set at an an e t ge, I t tio r i e, gl Or es to the a c and the o e in 45 degre tr k, tro p r making the run fires at each Of these wh en fac ing t m at u 1 n fi r n O f he abo t 4 yards ra ge. The i g the full score and the direction o f the shots is the re as s : R nt n fore follow ight fro . right , right fro t,

r and a . I n mak in an ight, right re r g the left h d run two a s a re set at an an and , t rget gle the fi n is in n : lef ont ri g the followi g order Left, t fr , n left, left fro t, left. !

Exper t Test 1 F — n n n n Halt ; score. ive E targets Bobbi g ; u k ow

an s. Ran e 8 to 1 a s. m 2 s c n s gle g , 54 5 y rd Ti e, e o d per shot

a scor ou t a s. Ran G llop ; I e ; gr p Of hree M t rget ge, 1 0 and 1 4 yar ds ; 3 shots to right advancing and s s u n n m ern d b a 2 hot to left ret r i g. Ti e gov e y g it of at lea st 1 2 miles per hour . [Na te - TWO o f the targets are set at an an e as in the a l sta e Reco P ac ice gl g l op g , rd r t , the fi n n h ont a in ri g bei g rig t fr , right, right re r, ad vancin and ront in etu n n g ; left f , left, r r i g !

al x nde 2 sc es Ran e to 1 a d s. G lop, e te d ; or . g , 5 5 y r Time governed by gait Notc - Targets arranged as follows : Tar get F 5 ya rds to the right ; 2 0 yards further along t ac a E a s to ri 0 a ds r k, T rget , 7 y rd the ght ; 3 y r fur ar t 1 0 a s l 2 ther, T ge M , y rd to the eft ; 0 yards fu h a et 1 0 a s to rt er, T rg M . y rd the left ; 30 yard s furthe ar et 1 a d s to i Tw r, T g M, 5 y r the r ght. o AP PE NDI X I I I 208

runs are made fi ring at the targets in the order named !

E x la na t r p o y Nates, etc. Timing:- I nterval s Of time are measured from the “ ” las n of the s na or c mmand omm nc fi n t ote ig l o , C ” e e ri g, to the as n or o f a rin l t ote w rd o Ce se fi g. Tar ets :- a t L is us a n a e 1 Ta ts g T rge ill tr ted o p g 9 . rge E F and M are ul s s u u s o f men in , , f l ize ilho ette fig re the k n e n n an tan n n i hen d s s s s c . eli g, pro e di g po itio , re pe t vely W “ ” n ta t is r sc e s to an a n bobbi g rge p e rib d, it refer oper ti g d evice for turning the targets 90 degrees on a vertical ax i s b m n f The ta is thu mad t n so y ea s o ropes. rget s e o tur a s to appear edgewise and flatwis”e from the firing oint and remains flatwise or exposed for the number 0 sec ond s stat d in the im l m for ach sh t and tu n d e ” t e i it e o , r e f r m view between shots for an interval o f 3 to 5 see uol o s. — P r oced ur e: I n ouick fire the soldier stand s at the in n is oa i h ca s amm n fir g poi t, p tol l ded w t 5 rtridge , h er dow in m un d actic amm coc d at sa a n in ( o te pr e h er ke fe) . we po

h s fla if an u n . on the fi s x osu ol ter, p, y. b tto ed Up r t e p re o f ta t s a s and fi s or m ts to the rge the oldier dr w re , atte p one s t at the a t is u n d m fire, ho t rge before it t r e fro view and k eeps the weapon in hand until he has fired fi ve shots at successive ex posures of the target to complete the score. — Qualification Scores : Dismonnted Course Sixty per o f th te ssi scor of Instructi on cent. e aggrega po ble e the Practice for ad vancement to Reco rd P ractice and 80 per

n dvancemen t Ex e t st. I n ce t . of the l atter for a t o p r Te Ex e st 0 out o f a ssibl 60 . M ounted Course p rt Te , 5 po e i r n o f the a r a ss b e sc e o f the In F fty pe ce t. gg eg te po i l or struction P ractice for advancement to Reco rd P ractice and

0 er t o f the att r for a anc m nt to Ex ert T st. 7 p cen . l e dv e e p e

I n Ex t st 1 out a ssib 20 . per Te , —3 Of po le Competitions : I n every alternate year d epartment pis tol competitions are held simultaneously with the d epart ment rifle competitions at places d esignated by the departs n r ment comma de s. 204 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R ORGANIZ ED MILI TI A TARGET PRACTI CE

The prescr ibed course in efi ect in 1 91 4 is ad apted to th e

r i F nsti u a sc . All se v ce revolvers. ive shots co t te ore s n i on c u i i nto hooti g s Target L. The o rse s d vided i I ns u n P a i nd R c P tr ctio r ct ce a e ord ractice.

I nstruction P ractice S F : Ran 1 2 and a ds one scor at low ire ge 5 , 5 , 50 y r ; e

each an . m m n n . r ge Ti e li it, o e Ra F : Ran 1 2 and 0 a d s two s es id ire ge 5 , 5 , 5 y r ; cor m m n t eac an . 0 s c s sc . a r ge Ti e li it, 3 e o d per ore Rapid Fire : Range 1 5 and 2 5 yar d s ; two scores at m m eac an . i 1 s c nd s sc h r ge T e li it, 5 e o per ore.

Recor d P ractice Rapid Fire : Range 2 5 and 5 0 yards ; two scores at each n m m nd s ra . 0 s c s c . ge Ti e li it, 3 e o per ore Rapid Fire : Range 1 5 and 2 5 yards ; two scores at

ac an . m m 1 s c n s sc e h r ge Ti e li it, 5 e o d per ore. u s u a ns and oc u a re sam as The r le , reg l tio , pr ed re the e n m a h rn . 5 . ct c t ose gove i g the U Ar y pr i e. Qualifi cation scores are as follows out o f a possible 0 0 : S c n c assman 2 0 fi s c assman 0 0 and x rt 4 e o d l , 5 ; r t l , 3 , e pe

s s 2 0 . I ns n a a s and ins re a a t pi tol hot, 3 ig i b dge p a w rded o n those qualifyi g.

VY AR ET PRA TI E RE NS S. N U. A T G C C GUL ATIO

i h S Na ns f The revolver pract ce in t e U. . vy co ists o ’ h c ass s es nat the a ksman s u s the t ree l e , d ig ed M r Co r e, ’ ’ s u s and Ex t P s Sh s S e Sha rpshooter Co r e, the per i tol ot p i Eac c u s is su i n ns uc i n c a l Course. h o r e bd”iv ded i to I tr t o R P Practice and ecord ractice. ’ ’ All shooting in the Marksman s and Sharpshooter s

n on a c is a c an 6 . courses is do e T rget A, whi h re t gle ft ’ - hi . h a ci cu a ac u s e e 8 in. gh by 4 ft wide, wit r l r bl k b ll y in am c un n and c nc n c c c s c un di eter, o ti g 5 , o e tri ir le of o t s n 2 6 in am s as : . n 6 in. with di eter follow 4 ri g, 3 ri g, 4 ;

ctan s of a . a t L is us in the Ex a re gle, re t t rget T rge ed pert Course.

’ M n x sn a u s Counss (SLow Fm ) I nstr uction P ractice n f 6 t a as 1 s o s s c an : 2 d s. 0 At le t tri g ho , e h r ge 5 y , 5

no m m . yd s. ti e li it

APPENDIX IV

DIGEST OF WAR DEPARTMENT TESTS OF AUTOMATIC PI STOL S

The board o f ofi cers appointed by the Secreta ry of

War S ecial d er No . 0 Dec. 38 1 0 6 to es au ( p Or 3 5 , , 9 ) t t to ma c s s and s met at S rin fi l rm ti pi tol revolver the p g e d A ory,

S n fi d ass on anua 1 1 0 . o a con pri g el , M , J ry 5 , 9 7 The b rd 1 f l P h s sted o : Co . R ad a rd I n an r M a . s hilip e e, 3 f t y ; j Jo ep T m n 1 th v H Pres n t th . c a a a a . Gu Di k , 3 C lry ; C pt y to , s E n s S nd a a a . . c or s a a t. C v lry ; C pt r e t D ott, Artillery C p , C p

hn . R c d nanc a m nt. Jo H i e, Or e Dep rt e

The weapons referred to the bo ard by the Chief of Or dnance fo r examination and test with their weights (unload ed ) were as follows

orns tie P l Ant is to s, Caliber .45 The Colt

The Kno ble (single action) The Kno ble (double actio n)

The White -Merrill

Double Ac tion Revolvers, Caliber .45

The Smith Wesson orn t a li Ant e ic Revolver , C ber .45 The Webley- Fosbury

' ' ‘ Pl easa n t: or Tu ts or Avrou a rrc h m s

The t s s for w re s mi a with suitable e t revolvers e i l r,

1 Ex in ti . am a on of pistol as to d esign, appearance; balance su a l for mo o troo s etc. , it bi ity g d p , APPE NDI X I V 207

. S ecia x mina i n to sa et eature 2 p l e a t o as f y f s. m . D1 ntin The tim 3 s ou g and assembling. es required fo r each of the following operations (a) To d ismount the breech and ma azine mech . g

an1 sm xce n o f the ma asw ca ch. , with the e ptio g e t m m n (b) To co plete dis ou ting. c To assem e ex ce t the r eech and ma az ne ( ) bl , p b g i

II 111 . d To c m t assem ( ) o ple e bling. h num i 4. T e ber o a Pins and sc w ( ) re s. Sma s n (b) ll pri gs. c art ( ) Other p s. The num r and in o f t l r o i m nt 5 . be k d oo s equired t d s ou em and ass ble. n und s t be fi e to o s o n of 6. Twe ty ro o r d b erve w rki g l i l The a s s i l be ma h the st in p sto . bove te t w de wit pi ol the hands of and operated by the inventor or h1 s rept e

enta i s n . s t ve. if pre e t m n V c at 2 a s s. 7. elo ity 5 feet, e of 5 hot A r c nd n at on at eet 1 0 sh t f 8. ccu a y a pe etr i 75 f o s or

urac for n tra i n. acc y, 5 pe e t o Ra d t accur ac tar e 6 2 eet ru e 9. pi i y with y ; g t by f , n Num o f sh ts fi r to me s the 10 0 feet. ber o ed be three ti m im n m f P st fi han . and u capacity o clip. i ol red fro d T e To n ucted ber of hits to be noted in each case. be co d b re s n at o f c m an s n . Fi n to e in y pre e t ive o p y, if pre e t ri g b g m and ma a z n em and cli s or holders with cha ber g i e pty. p ar ranged as desired by fi rer . S m d n est exce t 1 Ra t at . a as ece 0 . pidi y will e pr i g t , p that the pistol will be fi red without aim into a butt at sho rt an e and h s not c ns d . r g . it will be o i ered fi d eli erate 1 1 . n P s n Endura ce. i tol will the be red b ly - round s as a se oa e coo n a ach 0 round s. 5 0 0 lf l d r, li g fter e 5

1 2 . V oc Sam a s a a a a ove . el ity e p r gr ph 7, b r P t be fi 1 2 round ec as d ha s. s o s 1 3. D re e c ge i tol red as a self- loader with ca rtrid ge in which the powd er charge has been decreased so that the fi rst four will give

s ure o f 2 er c n . ss second ou 1 er cent. 5 p e t le , the f r 5 p

ess and as ou 1 0 cen . l ss han the service , the l t f r per t e t pressure. Pi 1 Exc ssive c a r s. sto r tim a 4. e h ge l to be fi ed 5 es s s n a t ca t s in c the char o a i gle lo der, wi h r ridge whi h ge f 208 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R powd er is increased to prod uce a pressure in the ch a m ber

2 er cent. eat han the e u a ssu 5 p gr er t r g l r pre re. m i s. P 1 5 . Pierced pr er istol will be fi red once with a cartridge in wh1ch the primer has been thinned so a s to insu i rc n Two un s l n fi re p e i g. ro d wil the be red to ob se r v e

1 Dust. the m m 6. With echanis closed and bo th en d s o f the ar h c s be x s in a b rel tig tly orked pi tol will e po ed, box a for hat ur s a as fi ne san d prep red t p po e, to bl t of for one m nu u n ma n b m v i te. The s rplus sa d y the e re o e d b n h eon a in th e c or n h th e y blowi g t er , j rr g pie e, wipi g wit n n bare ha d o ly. The Magas we should be a Em n x s t d u t ( ) pty whe e po ed o s . a n x s t us (b) Lo ded whe e po ed o d t. In o cas s s s u be use as a s - oa d r b th e pi tol ho ld d elf l e , and in the second the ca rtridge may be removed a nd e n I n f - a . cas o s a n u es t wip d, the relo ded e elf lo di g fail r o work in either case the piece will be tried by operating by hand .

1 . Rus m ch n sm i o u n 7 t. The e a i w ll be th ro ghly clea sed of as n in a s u n o f s a n s o f the gre e by boili g ol tio od , the e d barrel tightly corked and the pistol then placed in a satu - mm n f r m nu r rated solution of sal a o iac o five i tes. Afte in un u n s for 2 2 u s fi ve s s il be be g h g p i door ho r , hot w l - fi re n a san u us n s as a s oa . In d i to d b tt, i g pi tol elf l der - a n m c an sm a s k s case the self lo di g e h i f il to wor , the pi tol will then be tried by operating by hand. An c ss Su m n a s s. c succ 1 8. pple e t ry Te t y pie e whi h e fully passes the foregoing tests may be subjected to such n ar s s or ns o f us n s to suppleme t y te t , repetitio previo o e , further determine its endurance o r other qualities as may n be prescribed by the Chief o f Ordna ce or by the board. e u n t e a t s s s Gen r al Rema rks. D ri g h bove e t the pi tol n in an s o f a xc n will be e tirely the h d the bo rd, e ept whe ifi ca l s a r s and no a a ns or a s spec l y t ted othe wi e, lter tio rep ir un a d other than those possible on the gro d will be llowe , s o ex cept by special permi ss ion of the boa rd. If the pi t l f ails in any test the remainder o f the programme may be discontinued in the di scretion o f the boa rd. I n case of misfi res the ca rtridges will be opened to m n caus and d ue to ammun n est deter i e e, if the itio the t will be repeated . Th e board thoroughly tested the men ts o f the various

21 0 PI STOL AND RE VOL VE R assem le the is ls were : one sc wd r Sa v b p to Colt, re rive ; a e one com ination t ol one scr d r r s g . b o ( ew iver, two d ift Fifty round s from each pistol were fi red delibera te ly in utt t er i n two s o ls to a b o observe the op at o . The pi t unc ion d n rmal The Sava is c ed the m t f t e o ly. ge p tol eje t e p y sh s u wa d and to the ont i the c n ell p r fr , wh le Colt eje ted o war an t r h n c o f each d d o the ig t a d rear. The velo ity st was m asu at tw n - five and m an o f pi ol e red e ty feet. the e w o fi ve sho s s : Sa a e ft. er secon C M t a v g . p d ; olt, n w m ist l . s T o ta f ten s s each o ft per eco d . rgets o hot fro p ma e for accura at s v n - fi ve us n a muz were d cy e e ty feet, i g z le st. h th e sult ng m an adi o f s s o n re wit re i e r i di per i " m n 1 Sa a st ta 1 s c n a 1 a . v ge, fir rget e o d t rget e 97 o fi s a sec n ta m an C lt, r t t rget o d rget e Three magaz ines full of cartridges wer e fi red fr om h o at a ta t six et two 1 0 0 d is eac pist l rge fe by feet, feet w tan to st th ra idit and accu ac . fi r n as t, te e p y r y The i g begun with the chamber empty and three full magaz in es R su s for each pistol with it on the table. e lt Savage Colt

28 sec. Time 35 sec. Number of shots 24 2 1 Hits 2 2 2 1 Mean radii The pistols were next fi red for rapidity by the same persons 1nto a butt at short ran e and no hits consid ered

Sa a 2 s s t m 1 6 sec. lt 2 1 sh s m 1 2 see. v ge, 4 hot , i e ; . ot , ti e s unct n n ma I n all the abo ve tests the pistol f io ed or lly.

two s s hen t u x am n ed . The pi tol were t horo ghly e i ed, oil n fi a un s ac n cl an d a d red deliber tely ro d e h, bei g e e

h u h examin and oi a r eac und s . t oro g ly, ed led fte h ro Wherever ex amination showed the least sign o f deforma on wa n Each sto wa fi 1 0 0 round s and ti it s oted . pi l s red h n was a o ed to c ol th was i n t e ll w o while the o er fired , g vi g each is at as five m n F in was not p tol le t i utes to cool . ir g begun a fter cooling until the hand could be placed on the s id ar i m h was l e over the b rel w thout d isco fort . T ere an interval of about two second s between shots in the same ma az me h n the st n g w e pi ol fu ctioned normally. Dun n the n o f he in 1 2 m the t st . g firi g fir h 9 , magaz me o f ach st d ed a ou an nc d ue to th e e pi ol ropp b t i h, i au o a . S c n 1 m f lt d in h. 48 . , . the oper tor e o the Colt uncnoned ct h Sa a m sse nc f perfe ly ; w ile the v ge i d fire o e, Jammed twrce and had trouble with the bolt twice Third APPE NDI X I V 2 1 1

i ah . 2 m the uncti n d r c i un n . Colt f o e pe fe tly ; n ro d f S F u the bolt stop o the avage broke. o rth in

m. unct n c a a ah . 1 S , the Colt f io ed perfe tly ; with the v ge was s am and two misfi res s was there a light j , the bolt top m n n F in ah . 6 o u ct upset. ifth the C lt f io ed per fectl Sa a ma a n fi ve m s y ; the v ge g zi e dropped ti e , the bolt stop was further upset and there were two cracks in the l S xt a a n unc n c and bo t i h the Colt g i f tio ed perfe tly, t five misfi res Sav a two ams u here were with the ge, j , fo r t en a u s o f c un c u and a e f il re the bolt to o ter re oil f lly, nu x am na n breakage of the bolt lock spring. Mi te e i tio of th e Colt pi stol after this test failed to show any broken a ts the n ct n a m nu u in am p r , o ly defe bei g i te b lg g of the fr e near the front end of the grooves and a slight upsetting t h ma a n of he bolt stop w ere it strikes the g zi e follower. The pistols were th e fi red fi ve times as singl e loaders in a recoiling rest with cartridges in which the powder charge was increased to give a calcul ated chamber pres s o f n - fi r n m v a n n . ure twe ty e pe ce t. gre ter tha or al The s unc n n ma scar Sa a Colt pi tol f tio ed or lly. The of the v ge at n w w n u u . ne s a as s d broke the fo rth ro d A e r i erte , a s a new s a s n n in m n n l o e r pri g, broke re ovi g the broke m a n s was ffi cu on sea r. The re ov l of the broke ear di lt acc un s n o f s and a s o t of the de ig the pi tol, other p rt were m in m n c n re s em defor ed re ovi g the bree h plug. Upo a s n is't l unc n n ma in fi bli g, the p p f tio ed or lly the fth round . Eac s was fi in a c n s one un in h pi tol red re oili g re t ro d, which the primer had been thinned so as to be pierced by n in the firi g p . Afterwa rd two rounds were fi red auto m ti ll a ca . u y Both pi stols f nctioned satisfactorily. The s s n sass m c an d and u pi tol were the di e bled, le e , thoro ghly m n x a . un in c n n e i ed Both were fo d to be good o ditio , with no n i m n broke parts. All m sfi re cartridges were ex a i ed and no c s n defe t fou d . The shock of recoil of the Savage was found much m s an Th ore evere th of the Colt . e ex perienced operators who fi s a usan un s in n u anc s red ever l tho d ro d the e d r e te t, 1 n a t na fi v e un s s ma fi n l er te h dred , e ti ted the fatigue of ri g 5 0 0 rounds W 1th the Savage equal to fi ring rounds with the Colt . Of the two pi stol s the board is of the opinion that ’ the i s s su , caus is m a Colt perior be e it ore reli ble, the m ndu n m as s ss m ore e ri g, the ore e ily di a e bled when there re n a a ts to ac , and the m e accu broke p r be repl ed or rate. 2 1 2 P I STOL AND RE VOL VE R

It ua s in t s ua ti s ca . e ver eq l he e q li e the Colt liber 45 r vol , m e 1 0 i ha arm in ba anc od l 9 9, wh le being superior to t t l e, sa a accurac f fi re and n e c an a . fety, r pidity, y o , i t r h ge bility The Colt pistol embodies all the features considered essen ia s a and a a o f ofi cers con t l, de ir ble, prefer ble by the bo rd

n S. . D. ashin t n c m 28 ve ed by W , W g o , De e ber , 1 0 6 x c a i s no au ma c in ca s n 9 , e ept th t there to ti di tor howi g tha t the pistol is loaded o r indicator showing the number f m n h m r o ca s a n in t a n . a e rtridge re i i g e ag zi e There , how a e a s and a d is unc a n ever, few rivet d p rt , the bo r ert i whether the pistol would function properly with non h mm n a j acketed bullets. The boa rd t erefore reco e ds th t e au ma c s of d s n su m Colt calib r .45 to ti pi tol the e ig b itted to the board for test be a dopted for use by foot and mounted troops in the military service in consequence of its marked superiority to the present service revolvers and t an n n s o f its x em a o y other k ow pi tol. e tr e reli bility and n u anc and of its u men o f all ss nt a r e e d r ”e, f lfill t e e i l quirements.

w ch 2 1 1 1 S. s t as a d a C0 1. Thi repor pprove M r 3, 9 , by mm din n fi un o rd . . S . A . c d E. t . an S Bl t, Dep U o g pri g el

m ass. Ar ory, M

2 1 4 PI STOL AND RE VOLVE R

fi cations and fin m n s th n n h ma m his re e e t , i ki g t ey y i prove s hooting. Without the necessa ry mechanica l skill to exe cute their ideas successfully all such special work should be intrusted to a competent and fi rst-class mechanic who is equipped and prepa red to ex ecute work of this char in s m nn n are the nam s acter the be t a er. The followi g e and addresses o f a few o f the leading manufacturers and unsm s i h a sta m n as to cha ac g ith , w t brief te e t the r ter of work that each undertakes and specializes on

Wesson S n fi 5 1 1 11 8 ass. , pri g eld, M s c m an ma n a ns a a d a m nt Thi o p y i t i rep ir ep rt e , but un ta s a rebluein and a n der ke rep ir, g repl ti g n on a m o f own manu act lim o ly r s their f ure. A ited uan s cia is a s un r ta n q tity of pe l work l o de ke , provided it meets with the approval o f the manu f acturer s as e n us u s a and in n is b i g ef l, de ir ble, ow e a detriment to the weapon. All repair and special work is ex ecuted in the order in which it 1s re c d and as a m c is n a e in s eive , li ited for e e g g d thi department a delay of a week or more sometimes can un I n as f occurs before the work be beg . c e o general repairs the cost of same is quoted before repairs are sta rted.

u P A'reisr FIREARIrs M a nur h crtm nc o Cc. art d C , H for ,

éonn. This company maintains a repair department x c us arms o f o manuf ac u devoted e l ively to C lt t re. Estimates of the cost o f repairs are quoted before S l is un. c a reb uein and t e work beg pe i l work, g a n is a s x cu d in c nn ct n i pl ti g, l o e e te o e io w th Colt m ar s.

mcnz sm REPE TI G Anu s Co New a en nn. W A N H v . Co R a n s u m s u s sh s elo di g tool , b llet old , b llet , ell ,

m s etc. pri er ,

N N ET L L C TR GE CO. id o t nn. U IO M A I CAR ID , Br gep r , Co

Su n T I GE . TED s CO o ass. UNI CAR R D , L well . M

T11 11: PETE T GE CO. nc nna h . RS CAR RID , Ci i ti , O io

S s u s and m s. hell , b llet , pri er APPE NDI X V 2 1 5

H . . Por n 1 8 orr s S e t se C1t . M , M i tr e , Jer y y Manufacturer of the famous Pope barrels w for s s and s s. Ne a s rifle , revolver , pi tol b rrel furnished for any o f the leading makes o f target m P a ua au ma c m s a r s. ope gr d ted to ti powder ea m n n sc untin s. ures a d reloadi g tools. Tele ope o g an fin ai o f al in Special work d e rep r work l k ds.

' n h L B R Av . s . E. I 0 R s d e S a a . J W U N, 4 3 iver i e , pok e, W Specia lizes on very accurate and high - grad e

i n f 2 2 and . 8 c e . stol a d revolver barrels o . 3 alib r n ine repa ir work o f every descriptio .

I. M s cr m c a n F Arm uc I Du a nur ua Co. (M rli ire s Co S

cesso rs a n nn. ) , New H ve , Co R oa n o s o m asu s u t molds el di g t ol , p wder e re , b lle ,

bu ts etc. lle ,

New m . ad a . H . . CO H , 533 Bro w y, York City P DANNEFEL SER 1 a n S New i t J . . . 9 W rre treet, York C y. Ca rry a full line of smokeless powd ers for rifle and pistol ammunition. (Nea rly all the sporting good s d ealers in the large t c of la m cities carry a s o k b ck and s okeless powders. ) APPENDIX VI

ADDENDA AND CORRECTI ONS

Add to first paragraph page 2 5 The Colt Automa tic P istol is now supplied with the m a ll m d s ents d is auto a tic grip sa fety in o el . This prev the a a n n ss ch rge o i the we po u le properly held .

Inser t bef or e last paragraph page 2 9 : h a s a ta a m is 2 2 T e l te t ddition to the rget r s the Colt . l m P s I s a u a c . ha a a n ca . A to ti i tol t longer b rrel th any other automa tic pistol and is fitted with adj ustable sights. It has good balance a nd the long dista nce between the sights makes ex cellent work at the ta rget possible. (See F 1 a in i . a c a g 7 , f g p ge

Add to firs t paragraph top of page 35 : This model is supplied with an additiona l sa fety which prevents accidenta l discha rge in th e event a ca rtridge is left in the ba rrel when the magazine is withdra wn .

I nser t a ter M a tch F a e 1 f , p g 77 The following new ma tches have been a dded to the nu nua con s s the S . R. A. : l te t of U. MATCH G —NOVICE LIMITED RE - ENTRY — u o E nt — n a ll ama u s MATCH . O td or ve Ope to te r who n n have never wo an importa t prize in our branch of spo rt. nn s n s in our Na na am ns s fi s Wi er of ho or tio l Ch pio hip , r t and s c n ac n s in our S a am ns s Na e o d pl e ho or t te Ch pio hip , tional n s in s ma c ss na s s a nd ose ho or thi t h, profe io l hooter th who ha ve won pla ce in important matches other than those

S . R. . a re a . of the U. A b rred Sc uts : Twenty- fi ve shots in fi ve strings of fi ve shots eac1 o E : m nu s TIM Thirty i te . WEAPON AND AM M UNITION : Any a llowed in M atches and A B .

21 8 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VE R — — E EA H. Ind n MATCH J POLIC T M MATC oor O ly. - Limited to members o f a uniformed police force who must furnish credentials to the efi ect that they have been m F men t a s. enrolled one yea r or more . ive e Arm an r w h a ba not m than , y evolver it rrel ore 456 inch es n u not l ss t an t un s calib lo g, trigger p ll e h hree po d , re - 2 n r man. F e ss t an . s s e not le h 3 . Twe ty hot p iv shot m m n s n m nter e trin s tw u es . s g . Ti e o i t per tri g Ti e to be e d e m mm io u l fac on a e and si n b i r . uni n t rg t g d y t e A t , the f l tory cha rge for the mo st power ful ca rtridge the a rm will ha m c e . En rance 1 0 team. b r t fee, $ per Pu t t s : Meda ls for the members o f the fi rst th ree i r m e ms n . S x o t a . Gold a d silver ; silver ; bronz e ore en r s e u d fill th matc En s un if t ie r q ire to e h. try fee ref ded “ ” No c s n l on . t ten or m eams n s te t Wi h ore t e teri g , i ver meda ls emblematic of state championship honor will be a a for n w rded three contesting teams from o e state . With ou o r mo ams m one sta s v m a ls be f r re te fro te, il er ed will i n fi n l s am nz e m a s the s c n . Na i a g ve the r t te , bro ed l e o d t o m d als ta c nc e ke pre ede e. s c l w un Tie will be de ided by the fewest shots of o co t. Winners and Scores

1 1 —P a n 9 5 ortl d, Ore .

R. a H . Cr ddock .

. un J H . Yo g m . r W D . Hu ph ey

. E ans L K. v r J . T . Moo e

— 1 1 6 San F anc sco a . 9 r i , C lif S . Ca rr P W R. roll a n M . M n Sulliva n

Substitute or sub ect ma tter und er T r et f j U. S N avy a g P racti ce Re ula tions a es 2 0 a nd 2 in g , p g 4 0 5 , th e f ollo w g The new firing regula tions and prescribed course of AP P E ND I X VI 2 1 9 pra ctice with the automatic pistol are as follows Each ofi cer or man may fi re the pistol course for cr ed its o nc er ea ile a c to ac n e p y r wh tta hed e h divisio . The fi ring in the pistol course may be done at any

Any target may be used . The course is as follows Rapid fi re 1 string of 5 shots 1 string of 5 shots 1 string of 5 shots Sta nding 1 string o f 5 shots Tota l number o f shots 2 0 Aggr egate 11 P ossible aggrega te score

All men are eligible to compete for prizes in this course once er ea i a tac to ac d s p y r wh le t hed e h ivi ion. a o f a in s l c urs 1 The v lue prize the pi to o e is $ . h n sc n in the s l cou s s in d r to nt W e ori g pi to r e , or e preve the ma rkers from knowing the names o f the ind 1vid uals wh o are fi n the nam the fi rer not ann unc d ri g, e of will be o e b the sco e but num of the a fi s u on y r r, the ber t rget he re p su s u his nam will be b tit ted for e. au ma c s ls are u h a an Before to ti pi to bro g t to r ge, the magaz ines should be removed and kept removed at all times except while the pistol is in actua l use at the fi ring o n p i t. n no c rcumstanc s s u an one han a s U der i e ho ld y dle pi tol, a o r un a xc n is on fi n line lo ded lo ded, e ept whe he the ri g u l a eas o f the fi rers and s s ou ne e be f l y br t , the pi tol h ld v r n in an poi ted y other direction than the front. NOTES ON PISTOL PRACTICE When a pistol is fi rst taken in hand it should be ex amined ma su a is n a to ke re th t it ot lo ded . B oth the front sight and the rea r sighting groove should ac en n s is a m n be bl k ed . Whe the pi tol i ed the fro t sight should be seen through the middle of the rea r sighting groove and the top o f the front sight should be flush with r a b aim the top of the g oove . The part of the t rget to e ed

R o epr d uced from Small Arms Firing Regulation U. Nav 1 1 S. y, 9 7. 220 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VE R

at must be det m ne c With m st isto ls at er i d by practi e. o p 2 5 ya rds the aim is usually taken at the bottom edge o r in ’ the tt m art o f the bu s- e and at 0 a s in the bo o p ll e, 5 y rd ’ cen or in the u er ar o f s- ter pp p t e bull eye. Grasp the stock o f the pistol a s high up a s yo u ca n so t at the a an and arm a re as n a as o s si h b rrel, h d, e rly p ble i s n m x n a o n n one traight li e . The th u b should be e te ded l g th u a a s c n n o f e pper p rt of the fr me. The e o d joi t the fore fi n er s u on g ho ld be the trigger. Start with a light grip and gra dua lly squeeze with th e an fi n s ue n ra ua a ck as whole h d, the trigger ger q ezi g g d lly b i is n and cont1nue s u n t o ut a the gr p tighte ed , q eezi g wi h ' e an d to erk until the pistol fi res. Decide to call th hold ke r t n ep the igh eye ope . I f the bits are bunched to one side they can be mo ved to the right by increa sing the pressure of the thumb aga inst the left side o f the pistol or to the left by decrea s ing th e ressu p re. — Sna n that is a m n and s u z n the r ppi g , i i g q ee i g trigge i - rac c N0 with the stol not loa ded is most va luable p ti e. man shou d loa d and fi re until he has snapped severa l times Ex to get ac uainted with the trigger u of the pistol . pert pisto shots d o a great dea l 0 fp slnlapping instea d of a ea a fi n S a n can ac u n gr t de l of ri g. te dy holdi g be q ired o ly by much snapping pra ctice: In the prone position the right elbow has excellent sup or on n I n the n n os t n fi rer ma p t the grou d. k eeli g p i io the y ne n n n l n on n a fi ord s k el o either k ee. K ee i g the left k ee I n an excellent rest on the right knee for the elbow . the I n the squatting position both elbows rest on the knees. s an in s n ac the ta s ua or n a so . t d g po itio f e rget q rely, e rly Sta n u not c an n a a d and x end d pright, r i g the he d forw r , e t a rm its u s c the to f ll tret h . c ac s u at a c fi n in In a d n A o h ho ld be e h ri g po t. ditio to n a u s a c ac his s c fic d u s in s l the ge er l d tie of o h, pe i tie pi to practice ar e : (1 ) to stand slightly behind the right side o f the fi rer in order to prevent the pistol being po inted a a om the nt 2 to see t a s is not w y fr fro , ( ) h t the pi tol a un m u the fi r er lo ded til the proper ti e, (3 ) to req ire to ex la m n of s see a fi rer a s the p the li e ight, (4) to th t the t ke e os n and s st re prop r p itio hold the pi ol properly, (5 ) to u1 the firer to sna s a im s and to ca q re p ever l t e ll the hold, 6 see at fi rer a s and see ) to th the lo d properly, (7) to ’ the a r r s an 1 pistol is unlo ded before it leaves the fi e h ds. THE END

INDEX

s Bi ley, 93 Bla cking Sights 1 41 “ " cc n s too 1 0 1 26 1 a n a a mm A ide t , , 7, , 33, Bl zi g w y a uni 1 n 1 8 35 tio , 3 ccu ac a s m asu 1 - 1 A r y of C rtridge , 39 Bore, to e re, 53 54 ccu ac o f R s 2 u s c an cut 0 A r y evolver , 3, B llet hole , le , 5 6 o u s x ac am of 4 . s B llet , e t di eter , ccu ac P I Stols 2 60 6 1 A r y of , 9 , ccu ac u a n u s 1 - 1 A r y M zzle lo di g B llet , 44, 49 5 5 P s s 1 u s fi at n 1 i tol , 4 B llet , poi ted, 4 us n s s 1 2 - 1 u s w in e Adj ti g ight , 3 33 B llet , hollo po t d , 42 m n 1 2 - 1 28 Bu s man Ai i g, 7 llet , tled, 44 “ s ac for d ns o w u s s n sed or d um Air p e e e p B llet , o”ft o s 1 d um der , 5 7 , s nnua a ch s 1 1 u s seff - u ca n 2 A l M t e , 97, 7 B llet , l bri ti g. 5 1 80 1 - 20 u s ei h o f 60 61 1 97 5 B llet , w g t , , mmun n - 6 1 1 82 u s s uc in a ls 1 A itio , 37 , B llet t k b rre , 34 “ ” An P s fin d 1 80 y i tol de e , “ ’ ’ Any R fined evolver de , 1 8o ms 1 8- 6 1 82 Ar , 3 , um n s and n a in hand n a ms 1 Arg e t Co tro C re li g r , 0 7. s s 1 1 26 1 2 1 ver ie , 39 . 7. 35 t fi cia 66 1 1 8 a n- R n s s s - Ar i l Light, , C rli ey old te t , 74 75 u ma c P1 stol 1 8 2 2 6 a r n a ms 1 0 A to ti , , 5 , , C r yi g r , 5 a s au ma ic is 34. C rtridge , to t p tol , u ma 1e P 1 stol fin 1 - 8 A to t de ed. 9 54 5 u ma c P s sts 206 Cart 1d es c n fi re A to ti i tol Te . g , e ter , 43 u ma c R v 2 gI A to ti e olver, 4 e i Cart d g s, r m fi re, 39 43 . g , amp ns matches 1 1 Ch io hip , 7 1 - 80 . 1 97 2 0 5 a anc ms 1 2 a s 60 -61 B l e of Ar , Ch rge , a s ca a 1 a a ms to be o d ed B lli ti l T ble, Che p r av i . a s 1 1 2 2 BB C p , 35 224 I NDE X

la s ca ion of arms 1 80 Franco- m rican matches C s ifi t , A e , l nm nd ca of a ms 8 C ea g a re r , 79 3 “ 1 - 1 6 1 81 Fr ak arms 1 43 4 , e , 3 l nin u s 1 C ea g fl id , 44 and Ran s 1 1 1 - 1 2 1 Clubs ge , ach n 1 2 Co i g, 3 l n 1 Colt, Co o el, 4 in m 1 8 a c a s - 1 Competing atches, 3 G llery h rge , 47 5 a an s 1 1 6 - 1 2 1 I 43 G llery r ge , “ nfi n m n 1 8 Gas cuttin 1 Co e e t of powder, 5 5 3

- s n 1 1 6 u , . 2 Corro io , 45 4 Go ld A 7 “ s in 1 a n un 1 Cowboy hoot g, 37 Gr i ed g powder, 3 im in sh s an a a m da s Cr p g ell , 39 Gr d ggreg te e l , 1 71 Gu n men, 1 37 unsm in 2 1 G ith g, 3

u es 1 Disp t , 39 Disqualificanon, 1 39 ou ac ns 1 2 6 D ble tio , an s or s c s 1 2 - 1 2 H dle to k , 3 4 a n a ms 1 6 Dr wi g r , 3 Hard enin u s 1 b llet , 5 4 Du n 1 elli g, Hat s ootin 1 1 “ ’ for g, 4 - Dum d um u ets. 5 5 b ll n s nn s 1 2 2 - 1 6 Hi t for begi er , 4 n os1 n 1 1 Holdi g p tio , 3 s a ns 2 Hol ter we po , 3 un n c a s 2 H ti g h rge , 4 , 5 5

Eouipment and parapher na a 1 0 - 1 6 li , 4 4 n s o in 1 8 1 Ex hibitio ho t g, , 3 m f ul ts n na na ma ch s 8 E xact dia eter o b le , I ter tio l t e , 79 5 60 6 1 Indoor Revolver champion s 1 8 hip, 7 I ndoor Pistol champion s 1 hip. 79 I ndoor Pocket Revolver c am ionshi 1 h p, 79 F n s of a ms 1 2 , 4 n ovice ma c 1 i i h r I door t h, 80 F n 1 28- 1 2 1 81 iri g, 3 , I nstructions to Ofli cers in F P s l 1 s s, 3 c a f o U . S R . ir t i to h rge . A F s R , 1 4 ir t evolver championship contests Fit o f a ms 1 2 1 r , 1 s . 7 Fit u s 1 of b llet , 5 5 “ ” F nc n 2 6 1 1 0 li hi g, , , F u s c an n 1 l id , le i g, 44 Flux n a 1 0 i g le d, 5 Fouhns. 37. 52 . 54 in c d 1 Keep g re or s, 38

22 6 I NDE X

P im difi cult 2 Rus 2 1 1 6 r er y, 4 t. 4 . 4s. 4 P m s 1 ri er , 47 P n c a s 8 roportio of h rge , 3 c i n m rus 1 P rote t o fro t, 45 1 46 P s s 1 1 8 Sc d fi n 86 rote t , 39, 3 ore, e ed, u in th e 1 2 - 1 0 Sc n 2 1 8 P ll g trigger, 9 3 ori g, 9 , 3 o f 1 S c n - a n a rms 1 2 2 Pull trigger, 33 e o d h d , S c in a ms 1 22 - 1 2 ele t g r , 3 S - u ca n u le ts 2 elf l bri ti g b l , 5 S s 1 8 1 1 60 hell , 4 , 49, S c n s an s 1 1 2 helter for o te t t , li cations for sh n Shooti ma c s 1 1 1 Qua ooti g, g t he , 39, 7 1 g 1 sg Quick d rawing o f weapons Shooting equipment an d a a rn a a 1 0 - 1 6 1 35 p r phe li , 4 4 S n s n 6 - 0 hooti g po itio , 7 9 S in u s 1 2 0 hoot g r le , , 1 2 1 S s 2 1 62 6 1 2 ight . . so . 7. 3 . Ra fi re in au 1 1 1 1 82 pidity of to 33, 4 , ma c s s 2 S n u s 1 - 1 ti pi tol , 5 izi g b llet , 54 5 5 Ra fi re s n 1 2 6 1 2 Sma bullse es und esir pid hooti g, , 4 ll y Ran s 1 1 1 - 1 2 1 a ge , ble, 93 Ran ffi c s 1 Sm ss c a s 60 - 6 1 ge o er , 39 okele h rge , R c s 1 8 1 1 - 1 6 Sm ss 1 6 - 1 e ord , 77, 4, 9 9 okele powder, 5 5 9 R c fin n o f 6 S c ac s 1 1 e ord, de itio , 7 pe t le , 4 R uc c a s 60 6 1 S a u s 1 1 8 ed ed h rge , , , pl tter of b llet , 1 6 1 6 S s s n 1 3, 5 port of pi tol hooti g, 5 R a n ammun n 1 S n 1 1 elo di g itio , 47 potti g, 5 1 66 2 1 S ua c m ns 1 1 , 3 q dded o petitio , 4 R a s 2 1 Stan lard m can a ep ir , 5 A eri t rget, R e v o l v e r champ1 0 nsh1p éfi ma c 1 0 1 8 S n 2 0 t h, 7 , 7 toppi g power. . 5 7 R ac c - 8 S am In matc shootm evolver pr ti e, 94 9 tr h g, Revolver practice for the 1 39 . c - 1 0 6 1 2 - 1 8 Su er 1 s1on 1 8 poli e, 99 , 3 3 p y , 3 R fi n n 1 8 u hes 2 1 evolver, de itio of, S pp , 3 Rim ? “ ca s - rtridge , 39 43, 6c R un u s 1 6 o d b llet , 4 Ru c c s s 1 2 le to orre t ight , 3 Ru s s n 1 0 6 1 2 0 a s 86- 1 8 le , hooti g, , , T rget , 93, 3 1 2 1 1 2 a a ms 26- 1 , 7 T rget r , 3 Ru s and R u a ns a fi n t n 86 le eg l tio of T rget, de i io o—f, the U . S . R As a ac c 8 1 02 evolver g , 94 9 , . T r et pr ti e s ma n 1 80 - 1 1 1 0 1 2 - 1 8 o tio , 9 4 . 3 3 I ND E X 2 27

- a s n 0 8 S R . B ulletin 1 6 T rget hooti g, 7 5 U A , 7 s s - 20 6- 2 1 2 ns ut n 1 68 Te t , 74 75 , Co tit io , s 1 8 a u C n s Tie , 3 Le g e o te t, m n 1 81 1 6 1 8 - 1 1 Ti i g, 7, 9 9 Tin foi' u s 1 b llet , 50 a n n 1 Tr i i g, 43 c s n 1 8 Tri k hooti g, u 1 2 - 1 2 1 82 Trigger p ll, 4 5 , “ ” s 1 1 6 n a n 1 2 0 Trolley , Ve til tio ,

n S a s m a s War a m n s s U ited t te Ar y Med l , Dep rt e t Te t of I u ma c P s s 2 0 6 99 A to ti i tol , United States Army regu 2 1 2 a n ac c 2 0 0 - 2 0 eat e c n ns 1 1 - 1 2 l tio pr ti e, 3 W h r o ditio , 4 4 ’ n e S a s m P s nan s 6 U it d t te Ar y i tol Wi trophy, 7 a e 1 n 1 1 1 2 t rg t , 9 Wi d , 4 , 4 United States Navy regula Winners and scores in past n ac c 2 0 c am ns ma c s tio pr ti e, 4 h pio hip t he , United St ates Revolver As 1 7 1 - 1 80 s c a n 8- 1 6 - 1 1 n ammun t n 1 o i tio , 7 79, 7 9 Wro g i io , 33

230 PI S TOL AND RE VOL VER

P 1 68 h age , t ir d p fi s o f R 1 2 2 are c S . . . The of er the U . A for 9 P s n R Y E New . : . S re ide t H . A R , York City

- I s P R n n fi ass. t c es en : ov . es S Vi e r id t D Jo , pri g eld, M

- 2 nd c P s n : E H P i a a Pa. Vi e re ide t H RMAN T OMAS , h l delphi , - 2 . r P s E i . d ce e en : . . M L s o a 3 Vi r id t J V CAR , Cr t b l, C - th ce P r es en : EO GE A T G a an al . 4 Vi id t G R RMS RON , O kl d, C if

- th e e L B T a t onn . c P es n : . . H U s Vi r id t A C R UR , H r ford, C ’ - M n umbus 0 . Sec ea s . : . . o a y Tr W A m Hotel Virgi i , Col ,

1 2 r st r a r a h 7 , fi pa g p nne s and Sc s a c Wi r ore , M t h A 1 9 1 5 Hans Roedd er in 1 1 6 . s n 9 D . A Atk o

1 1 E . o 9 7 Geo . C ok

1 8 . u son 9 1 O A. B rge

1 1 . 9 9 T . K L e e 1 2 0 a a 9 C rl W . W hrer

1 2 1 . 9 T. K . Lee

1 r st ar a r a h : 73, fi p g p nn s and Sc s a c B Wi er ore , M t h 1 m n 1 9 5 Geo . Ar stro g 1 rms on 9 1 6 Geo . A tr g noo 1 9 1 7 J . H . S k rmst n 1 9 1 8 Geo . A ro g

1 9 1 9 T . K . 1 0 92 T . K . 1 1 P 92 A . .

1 thir d ara r a h P age 74, p g p nne s and Sc s M a c Wi r ore , t h C

1 1 . Snoo 9 5 J . H k

1 1 6 . Snoo 9 J . H k

1 1 8 . Snoo 9 J . H k

1 1 . Snoo 9 9 J H . k 1 2 0 a e 9 Carl W . W hr r 1 2 1 n 9 J . H . S ook.

I" ’ Wor ld s reco rd . TP ossible score changed from 75 shots (possible 75 0 ) to in 2 1 5 0 shots (possible 5 0 0 ) 1 9 . ADDENDA AND RE VI SI ONS 231

P age 1 74 a c as i n n in 1 1 M t h D w d sco ti ued 9 5 .

P age 1 76 nn s and Sco s a c E Wi er re , M t h P ennsylvania State Police N0 n s e trie . Denver Revolver Club Denver Revolver Club Denver Revolver Club Springfi eld Revolver Club Denver Revolver Club

P age 1 77 nn s and Sc s a c F Wi er ore , M t h ins n D . A . Atk o

E . oo Geo . C k nson D . A . Atki P Ca stal ini L. . d m F. o f an G . H f M cCut heon C . M . c a a e C rl W . W hr r

P age 1 77 The Grand Aggregate Medals and M atch were discon nned in 1 1 ti 9 5 .

and Sc s n o Re o e am ons ore , I do r v lv r Ch pi hip ns n D . A . Atki o 475 ms n Geo . Ar tro g 463 Ochsner 45 1 L ee T . K . 477 L ec T . K . 471 L ee T . K . 469 467 1 2 2 a a e 9 C rl W . W hr r 474

P age 1 79 nne s and Sc s n P s am n Wi r ore , I door i tol Ch pio ship m n 1 9 1 5 Geo. Ar stro g 478 rm n 1 9 1 6 Geo . A stro g 47 1

’ I‘ r l s Wo d record. 232 PIS TOL AND RE VOL VER

1 91 7 P . J . Dolfen 1 1 8 9 T. K . Lee 1 9 1 9 1 92 0 1 92 1 1 2 2 n 9 H . Billi gsly

and Sc s P c R v e Cham onshi ore , o ket e olv r m p n 2 1 J . H . S ook 4 Hans Roedd er 1 94 Hans Roed d er 2 0 5

. n o 2 1 1 J H . S o k m F . ff an G . Ho

L ee . T. K . .

T . K . Lee . P m J . S . al ore

1 80 nne s and Sc s a c No c a c Wi r ore , M t h G, vi e M t h 1 1 E m a . 2 9 5 G . Ki b ll 37 2 26

1 1 R . ac n 2 2 9 7 . C Br ke 7

1 1 8 . a 2 9 A . B Le vitt 39 1 1 a F e e c 2 0 9 9 K rl T . r d ri k 3 1 2 0 F N e 2 2 9 0 . eb ker 9 1 2 1 ha P au 2 s . 0 9 C . T gh 3 1 92 2 Benj amin Riley 2 36

1 89 — S . R e In 2 2 n A. 1 n . L ague 9 the clubs —e teri g the League contest were divided into three cla sses the Ex pert a u S n ea u and un L ea ueh - Le g e, the e ior L g e, the J ior g the ’ entrants classifi cation being determined largely by their sc s m n n ore ade i former co tests.

P age 1 92 R R c s 0 a s 1 0 S s evolver e ord , 5 Y rd , hot A 1 2 - P 1 0 0 u . 20 1 m mas an a a P a. g , 9 Her Tho , hil delphi ,

’ ‘ s o World rec rd.

234 P I S TOL AND RE VOL VER — to 9 7 7 6—39 1 0 1 0 9 8 7—44 1 0 1 0 9 8 6 43 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 8—47 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 8 - 48 2 2 1

P age 1 95 P sto Rec 2 0 a ' s n o r s i l ord, Y d (I d o ) 8—T L ee m n am Al ar c 1 1 . . a M h, 9 K , Bir i gh , — L B rm n am Al 1 1 T . . ee a April , 9 9 K , i i gh , 2 — n s e F an F 2 . c e 1 2 H g , , . Z . April 5 , 9 Billi l y r e i ld C— 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 7 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 95 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 8 1 0 1 0 1 1 — 0 0 9—97 1 0 1 0 1 0 8 8 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 6 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 7—97 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 7 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 —97

P age 2 1 7 nn s and Sc s a c N v c a c 0 a s Wi er ore , M t h G, o i e M t h , 5 Y rd 1 a enter 2 1 9 6 Guy D . C rp 34 1 91 7 2 2 1 1 1 o 2 2 6 9 8 G . B lz ean 2 2 1 9 1 9 A . H . M s 5 2 Rh 2 1 1 0 . ad s 9 W H . o e 3

2 1 E . a e 1 9 H . S wy r

P age 2 1 7 : — — M atch H —Revolver Handica—p Di scontinued in 1 9 1 8 Match I Pistol H andicap Discontinued in 1 91 8 P age 2 1 8 — — atch J Police Team M atch has had no entries since 1 9M1 s