III.7. Central Interoceanic Hub

III.7.1. Hub’s Location and Area of Influence

The Central Interoceanic Hub was defined by delimiting an area of influence that runs across from 10° to 22° S, approximately, and includes connections between the main ports on the Pacific and the Atlantic oceans as well as nodes articulating Peru, Chile, , , and . This area of influence is relatively dynamic, since it also relates to the physical location of the projects included in the groups into which the Hub has been divided. The map below shows the current area of the Central Interoceanic Hub:

Map 48 - Location and Area of Influence of the Central Interoceanic Hub

The territory defined includes the departments of Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno, and Tacna in Peru; Regions

XV and I (Arica and Tarapacá, respectively), Puno, and the province of Loa in Region II, Antofagasta, in CENTRAL

Chile; the departments of Beni, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija, Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, and Santa Cruz, in INTEROCEANIC Bolivia; the Republic of Paraguay; and the Brazilian states of , , , , and Paraná. The original area of influence has recently incorporated the following territories: the Peruvian department of Puno and the province of Loa in Region II, Antofagasta, in Chile, as a result of the location given to projects in the Hub.

The area of influence defined for the Central Interoceanic Hub covers 3,461,461 km2, accounting for 29.35% of the total area of the five countries that make up the Hub. Its main cities, ports, and border crossings are listed in the table below:

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Table 115 - Area, Population, Main Cities, Border Crossings, and Maritime and River Ports within the Hub

Countries - Territorial Area Population Border Maritime and Main Cities Units km2 2008 Crossings River Ports

BRAZIL 8,514,877 189,612,814

Mato Grosso 903,358 2,957,732 Cuiabá Porto Limão Cáceres

Mato Grosso do Sul 357,125 2,336,058 Campo Grande Corumbá Corumbá

Rio de Janeiro 43,696 15,872,362 Rio de Janeiro Ponta Porá Itaguaí

São Paulo 248,209 41,011,635 São Paulo Santos

Paraná 199,315 10,590,169 Foz do Iguaçu Paranaguá

Area of Influence 1,751,703 72,767,956

BOLIVIA 1,098,581 10,027,643

Beni 213,564 430,049 Trinidad

La Paz 133,985 2,756,989 La Paz, El Alto Visviri

Santa Cruz 370,621 2,626,697 Santa Cruz Pto. Suárez Pto. Aguirre

Oruro 53,588 444,093 Oruro T. Quemado

Potosí 118,218 780,392 Potosí Est. Abaroa

Cochabamba 55,631 1,786,040 Cochabamba

Chuquisaca 51,524 631,062 Sucre

Tarija 37,623 496,988 Tarija Yacuiba

Area of Influence 1,034,754 9,952,310

PERU 1,285,234 28,214,000

Arequipa 63,345 1,186,009 Arequipa Matarani

Moquegua 15,734 166,258 Moquegua Ilo

Puno 71,999 1,305,545 Puno Desaguadero

Tacna 16,076 297,228 Tacna La Concordia

Area of Influence 167,154 2,955,040

PARAGUAY 406,752 6,230,000 Asunción Pto. Falcón Asunción

Area of Influence 406,752 6,230,000 Ciudad del Este Ciudad del Este

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Countries - Territorial Area Population Border Maritime and Main Cities Units km2 2008 Crossings River Ports

CHILE 756,102 16,763,470 Chacalluta

Region XV Arica 16,873 187,300 Arica Visviri, Chungara Arica

Region I Tarapacá 42,226 300,300 Iquique Colchane Iquique

Region II Loa Prov. 41,999 155,814 Calama Ollagüe

Area of Influence 101,098 643,414

Total Countries in the Hub 11,791,839 250,847,927

Total Area of Influence 3,461,461 92,548,720

III.7.2. Hub’s Basic Characterization

Demography

The total population of the area of influence defined for the Central Interoceanic Hub was estimated at 92,548,720 inhabitants in 2008, accounting for 36.89% of the total population of the five countries that make up the Hub. Furthermore, the Hub’s area of influence reached an average population density of 26.74 inhabitants per km2. This indicator ranges from a maximum 363.25 inhabitants per km2 in the area of influence of the state of Rio de Janeiro to a minimum 2.01 inhabitants per km2 in the department of Beni, in Bolivia.

Economic Aspects

The gross domestic product (GDP) for the Hub’s area of influence was estimated at US$ 470,054.4 million at constant 2000 market prices, based on the 2007 statistics calculated by ECLAC for each country and on the GDP share as estimated by each national statistics institute for the territorial units of each country that makes up the Hub. This amount accounts for 46.52% of the total GDP, for the same year, of the five countries within the Hub.

The GDP resulting from adding the GDPs of the five countries that make up the Hub at constant 2000 values has changed positively between 2000 and 2007 by 28.09%, i.e. an annual average growth rate of 3.60%. As to the economic activities in the countries of the region, the sectors that grew the most in the

last seven years were the following: financial entities, insurance, real estate, etc.; , hunting, CENTRAL

forestry, and fishing; mining and quarries; and trade, restaurants, and hotels, in this order. INTEROCEANIC

Exports from the area of influence of the Central Interoceanic Hub amounted to approximately US$ 137,811.9 million in 2008; this accounts for 44.53% of the annual figure of all the exports from the countries that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub (US$ 309,470.7 million).

In terms of value, 92.00% of the exports from the countries that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub were extra-regional in 2008, while the exports to the countries of the Hub (i.e. intra-regional) represented 8.00% (US$ 24,751.7 million), whereas in 2000 intra-regional exports were 6.88% of total exports (US$ 5,674.5 million/US$ 82,510.1 million).

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Refined copper (including melted down copper) is the most important among the five leading products exported from the countries in the Central Interoceanic Hub, accounting for about 7.65% of the five countries’ total value of exports in 2008, followed by copper ores and concentrates (5.79%). Crude oil, and non-agglomerated iron ores and concentrates rank third, fourth, and fifth, respectively. In 2008, the sum of the five leading products exported from each country accounted for 37.04% of the total value of exports from the five countries that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub.

The transportation means used for international cargo shipments (exports and imports) in terms of the volume traded to and from the countries that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub (Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay) in 2007 were as follows: by sea, 88.57%; by railway, 1.44%; by road, 3.63%; by river, 2.19%; by air, 0.28%; and by “other means,” 3.89%.

By comparison, in 2000 international cargo movements by volume to and from the same countries were as follows: by sea, 88.08%; by railway, 2.14%; by road, 3.95%; by river, 2.61%; by air, 0.33%; and by “other means,” 2.89%.

It is interesting to notice the cargo movement in tons from Peru to the other countries of the Hub: exports to Bolivia grew from 143,088.7 tons in 2000 to 183,886.0 tons in 2007; exports to Brazil fell from 379,544.8 tons in 2000 to 333,064.7 in 2007; exports to Chile rose from 1,013,607.3 tons in 2000 to 2,122,639.4 tons in 2007; and finally exports to Paraguay fell from 354.0 tons in 2000 to 231.2 tons in 2007. In 2000, exports by volume from Peru to the other countries of the Hub accounted for 11.08% of total exports vis-à-vis a 10.84% in 2007. It should also be noticed that exports that went through the Desaguadero border crossing totaled 40,100.0 tons in 2000 and 50,146.0 in 2007.

The main economic activities carried out in the territorial units that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub follow the production profiles indicated below:

• Brazil - States of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná: Mato Grosso: Grain, oil and soy flour production; cattle and swine raising; leather and textile industries; cotton, corn and ; wood and poultry. Mato Grosso do Sul: Grain, oil and soy flour production; cattle and swine raising; leather and textile industries; wood, poultry; cement, and iron ore. Rio de Janeiro: Oil and derivatives; tourism; iron and steel industries, car, metallurgical, metalworking industry; agriculture (corn, rice, sugar cane, and coffee), fruits and vegetables; cattle raising and dairies; wood. São Paulo: Motor vehicle and transport material industry; aeronautical industry; alcohol and sugar industry; cattle raising and dairies; agriculture (soy and corn); poultry; fruits, and vegetables. Paraná: Motor vehicle and transport material industries; agriculture (soy, corn, wheat, and sugar cane); metallurgical and mechanical industries; poultry; swine raising; cattle raising.

• Paraguay: Soy, oil and soy flour production; leather industry, cattle raising; wood; cotton; wheat; corn; sugar cane; cotton textile industry.

• Peru - Departments of Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna and Puno: Arequipa: Copper, gold, and silver mining; fisheries and fish flour; agriculture (alfalfa, potato, rice, onion and garlic); cattle raising and dairies. Moquegua: Copper and silver mining; fisheries, fish flour and fish oil; agriculture (alfalfa, onion, potato, corn and olive); camelid raising. Tacna: Copper and silver mining; fisheries (tinned and frozen fish, and shellfish); agriculture (alfalfa, onion, potato and olive); poultry, swine and camelid raising. Puno: Tin, gold and silver mining; agriculture (potato, fodder oats, alfalfa); bananas and oranges; cattle raising and dairies; camelid raising; alpaca textile industry.

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• Bolivia - Departments of Beni, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija, Cochabamba, Chuquisaca and Santa Cruz: Beni: Cattle raising; leather; wood; agriculture. La Paz: Zinc, tin, antimony, gold and lead mining; textile, leather and wood industries; cattle and camelid raising; agriculture. Oruro: Zinc, copper, silver and tin mining; camelid raising; potato, barley and alfalfa. Potosí: Zinc, copper, silver and tin mining; potatoes; quinoa; llamas and alpacas. Tarija: Gas, oil and derivatives; winegrowing industry, agricultural production (soy, cattle, corn, peanuts). Cochabamba: Oil derivatives; tungsten, lead and zinc mining; wood; dairies; cattle and camelid raising. Chuquisaca: Oil and derivatives; textiles (hats); soy, peanuts and cattle. Santa Cruz: Gas, oil and derivatives; agricultural production (soy, sesame, sunflower, sugar cane, corn; cattle); vegetable oil industries; textiles; forestry.

• Chile - Region XV Arica, Region I Tarapacá, and Loa Province in Region II Region XV, Arica: Tourism; port logistics, and fisheries. Region I, Tarapacá: Metal mining (copper and molybdenum), and non-metal mining (iodine, saltpeter, and sodium chloride); tourism is well consolidated in the region. Loa Province, Region II, Antofagasta: Metal mining (copper, gold, silver, and molybdenum), and non- metal mining (saltpeter, iodine, and lithium carbonate).

Current Infrastructure

The Hub’s integration infrastructure is in general not only limited but also deficient, although both circumstances can be overcome because there is potential for development and reconditioning. It should be pointed out that in the last years important road works improving the Hub’s international connection (Road between Infante Rivarola and Mariscal Estigarribia, connecting Paraguay with Bolivia) were completed, while other equally significant road works are being executed (Pailón-San José-Puerto Suárez Road).

• The road network of the countries that make up the Central Interoceanic Hub covers 549,026 km, accounting for 29.78% of all the national road networks in the five countries involved in the Hub. Furthermore, 14.96% of the national road networks in the Hub’s area of influence is paved. Road infrastructure is denser in the well-consolidated areas adjacent to both oceans, in the Bolivian hub (La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz) and in the Central Department of Paraguay. In most borders between these countries there are important natural barriers, such as the Andes, the Paraguay and Paraná rivers, and the Chaco desert. • Railway transport: The railway network of the Hub’s area of influence covers 43,405 km, 91.40% of which are active lines with varying quality of service. There are railways that connect Peru and Chile, Chile, and Bolivia, and Bolivia and Brazil within the Hub. It is important to note that in the Hub’s area of influence the railway network does not connect both oceans; it is in Bolivia where the railway system in the East becomes disconnected from the system in the West. One of the projects designed for this Hub is the “Aiquile-Santa Cruz Railway” project, which would bridge this gap. • The Hub’s port infrastructure is made up of the following main ports, listed according to their cargo movement: Arica, Iquique, Patillos, and Punta Patache, located in Regions XV and I in Chile, on the

Pacific ocean; Matarani and Ilo, in the Peruvian departments of Arequipa and Moquegua, respectively, CENTRAL

also on the Pacific ocean; the Asunción port on the Paraguay river, in Paraguay; the Central Aguirre port INTEROCEANIC on the Tamengo canal, near the Paraguay river, in Bolivia; the Paranaguá port, in the state of Paraná; Santos and São Sebastião, in the state of São Paulo; Itaguaí, Angra dos Reis, and Rio de Janeiro, in the state of Rio de Janeiro; Corumbá/Ladario, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul; and Cáceres, in the state of Mato Grosso. All the ports listed have adequate facilities for the traffic, movement, and conditioning of import and export goods. Between 2001 and 2007, the total cargo movement in the Brazilian ports mentioned grew by 59.97% (from 197.825.607 tons to 316.467.472 tons). • Airport infrastructure in the Hub is adequate, therefore all the area can be very well connected by air. IIRSA plans for this Hub the development of projects that involve works in five airports in the region (two in Chile, two in Peru, and one in Paraguay).

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• The Central Interoceanic Hub has an area with huge hydroelectric power stations on the Paraná river, and even though there is energy connection between Brazil and Paraguay, the electric systems of the other countries of the Hub remain isolated. The Hub’s area of influence features two gas pipelines that run from Bolivia to Brazil: i) Río Grande (Santa Cruz, Bolivia)-São Paulo- gas pipeline; and ii) Río San Miguel-San Matías-Cuiaba gas pipeline (the latter deriving from the former).

There are two energy-related projects for the Hub: one is concerned with thermoelectric generation in Bolivia, but with a potential for exporting energy to Chile, and the other consists in a gas pipeline from Bolivia to Paraguay, including a thermoelectric plant in Paraguay.

III.7.3. The Hub’s Development Potential

The area of influence of the Central Interoceanic Hub represents a market of more than 92.5 million inhabitants along its 3.46 million km2, with a value added of about US$ 470,054.4 million (92.97% of which is contributed by Brazil).

It is worthy to note that the main products produced in the area of influence of this Hub match almost perfectly with the five main products exported by each of the five countries that make up the Hub. In addition, the five main products of the region (copper, iron, oil and gas, and soy) are those whose prices have increased substantially in the last years and have lost neither their profitability nor their competitiveness during the recent economic crisis. Therefore, the region’s potential for development, particularly in the areas not yet consolidated, is promising, and the efforts devoted to improving transport, energy, and communication infrastructure will be part of the leverage required for that purpose.

The growth in the production of the main goods produced in the area of influence of the Hub has shown important positive signs. The growth in cultivated areas and the technological improvements introduced, which have resulted in a substantial increase in production; the opening of new, large and growing consumer markets, and the still relatively low land costs in the least developed areas give the Hub a competitive advantage for developing investments in the agricultural and mining sectors.

In this regard, the following seven large business activities are expected to continue growing:

(i) Activities concerned with the expansion of agricultural production, particularly soy, corn, and sugarcane. (ii) Activities concerned with the industrialization of agricultural products, particularly soy, corn, and sugarcane derivatives, among others. (iii) Activities concerned with mining, especially copper, gold, and molybdenum. (iv) Activities concerned with the transport to and in shipping ports, particularly a) the management of railway lines under concession; and b) the operation of multimodal terminals. (v) Activities concerned with enlarging the operational capacity of the transport system and its maintenance. (vi) Production and transport integrated activities. (vii) Activities concerned with mitigating environmental impacts derived from the need to develop this region with a sustainability approach.

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III.7.4. The Hub’s Groups

Delegations from the five countries have agreed to the following five project groups for the Hub:

Table 116 - Groups Identified in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Groups Countries Involved

Group 1: Chile - Bolivia - Paraguay - Brazil Connection Chile - Bolivia - Paraguay - Brazil

Group 2: Optimization of the Corridor: Corumbá - São Paulo - Santos - Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Group 3: Santa Cruz - Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) - Corumbá Connection Bolivia - Brazil

Group 4: Santa Cruz - Cuiabá Connection Bolivia - Brazil

Group 5: Connections of the Hub to the Pacific: Ilo/Matarani - Desaguadero - La Paz + Peru - Bolivia - Chile Arica - La Paz + Iquique - Oruro - Cochabamba - Santa Cruz

The map below shows the geographic location and area of influence of each group:

Map 49 - Central Interoceanic Hub’s Groups

CENTRAL INTEROCEANIC

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III.7.5. Project Groups and Strategic Functions

Group 1: Chile-Bolivia-Paraguay-Brazil Connection

STRATEGIC FUNCTION

• Interconnect regional production areas (transportation, energy, and communications). • Provide new access of the hinterlands to the Pacific ocean, articulating isolated territories.

Map 50 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 1

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Table 117 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 1: Related Investments

Estimated Investment Central Interoceanic Hub: Group 1 (US$ million)

Paving: Carmelo Peralta - Loma Plata and Building: Puente Carmelo Peralta (Carmelo Peralta 127.0 Bridge) -

Building Road: Cañada Oruro - Villamontes - Tarija - Estación Abaroa 366.0

Ollagüe - Estación Abaroa Border Crossing 1.6

Paving: Potosí - Tupiza - Villazón 132.0

Building Ollagüe - Collahuasi Road 40.0

Fiber Optic Connection Porto Murtinho - Loma Plata (a) 2.0

Improvement of the Mariscal Estigarribia Airport 30.0

Carmelo Peralta - Porto Murtinho Border Crossing 1.2

Infante Rivarola - Cañada Oruro Border Crossing 1.7

Thermoelectric Gas Project: Bolivia - Paraguay 161.0

Geothermal Project: Laguna Colorada 321.8

Improvement of Santa Cruz - Villamontes Road 104.0

Improvement of Road 9 Transchaco (Infante Rivarola - Asunción) (b) 0.0

Rehabilitation of the Section: Pozo Colorado - Concepción (b) 0.0

Improvement of the Section: Concepción - Pedro Juan Caballero (b) 0.0

Construction of the Section: Road 5 Bella Vista - Connection to Bridge over Apa River (b) 0.0

TOTAL 1,288.3

Notes: (a) A modification to this project proposed by Brazil is under the consideration of the countries. (b) The final inclusion of the project is subject to the information on its scope to be submitted by Paraguay. CENTRAL

INTEROCEANIC

189

Group 2: Optimization of the Corridor Corumbá - São Paulo - Santos - Rio de Janeiro

STRATEGIC FUNCTION

• Significantly reduce cargo transportation costs from Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay to the Atlantic ocean and among these countries as well. • Increase the countries’ economic complementation. • Increase the railway component in the regional transportation matrix. • Support tourism in the region of Pantanal.

Map 51 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 2

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Table 118 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 2: Related Investments

Estimated Investment Central Interoceanic Hub: Group 2 (US$ million)

Ferroanel of São Paulo (Section: North and South) (a) 300.0

Railway Beltway of Campo Grande 31.0

Road Beltway of Campo Grande 22.0

Road Beltway of Corumbá 6.5

Road Arch in Rio de Janeiro and Road Access to Itaguaí Port 550.0

Improvement of the Railway Section: - Santos (SP) 41.4

Improvement of the Railway Section: Campo Grande (MS) - Bauru (SP) 0.0

Building of the Perimetral Avenues of Puerto de Santos and Dredging 178.0

Improvement of the Railway Section: Corumbá - Campo Grande (Pantanal Railway) 0.0

TOTAL 1,128.9

Note: (a) A modification to this project proposed by Brazil is under the consideration of the countries.

CENTRAL INTEROCEANIC

191

Group 3: Santa Cruz - Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) - Corumbá Connection

STRATEGIC FUNCTION

• Complete the railway and road connection in the Hub. • Significantly reduce cargo transportation costs from Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay to the Atlantic ocean, the Pacific ocean, and among these countries as well. • Increase the countries’ economic complementation. • Support tourism in the region of Pantanal.

Map 52 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 3

Table 119 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 3: Related Investments

Central Interoceanic Hub: Group 3 Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Building Road: Pailón - San José - Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) 417.0

Installation of Fiber Optic along the Pailón - Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) Road 2.5

Border Crossing: Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) - Corumbá (Bolivian Side) 2.0

TOTAL 421.5

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Group 4: Santa Cruz - Cuiabá Connection

STRATEGIC FUNCTION

• Connect the eastern region in Bolivia with the Mato Grosso, facilitating the access of both regions to the ports on the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. • Support the development of the agricultural potential in the central-eastern region of Bolivia.

Map 53 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 4

Table 120 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 4: Related Investments

Central Interoceanic Hub: Group 4 Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Concepción - San Matías Road 0.0 CENTRAL INTEROCEANIC Puente Banegas (Banegas Bridge) 25.0

Paving: Puente Banegas (Banegas Bridge) - Okinawa 0.0

San Matías - Porto Limão Border Crossing (a) 2.0

Porto Limão - San Matías Paving (a) 14.3

TOTAL 41.3

Note: (a) A modification to this project proposed by Brazil is under the consideration of the countries.

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Group 5: Connections of the Hub to the Pacific: Ilo/Matarani - Desaguadero - La Paz + Arica - La Paz + Iquique - Oruro - Cochabamba - Santa Cruz

STRATEGIC FUNCTION

• Increase trade among the countries and also towards the international markets. • Reduce the Hub’s transportation costs towards the Pacific region. • Reduce import costs from the Pacific region. • Increase synergy among the groups of projects. • Increase reliability as well as the transportation standards of the Group. • Foster the development and consolidation of border trade. • Provide a physical connection to the MERCOSUR.

Map 54 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 5

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Table 121 - Central Interoceanic Hub - Group 5: Related Investments

Estimated Investment Central Interoceanic Hub: Group 5 (US$ million)

Refitting of the El Sillar Section 120.0

Toledo - Pisiga Road 92.0

Pisiga - Colchane Border Crossing 2.0

Concession of the Arica Airport 10.0

Improvement of the Arica Port 50.0

Refitting of the Iquique - Colchane Road 29.0

Aiquile - Santa Cruz Railway 700.0

Paving: Santa Cruz - Cochabamba Old Road 0.0

Refitting: Puente de la Amistad (Amistad Bridge) (Eisenhower Bridge) 3.0

Extension and Improvement of Arica - Tambo Quemado Road 50.0

Paving: Tacna - Tarata - Candarabe - Detour: Humajalzo/Tarata - Capazo - Mazocruz 80.0

Rehabilitation and Improvement of Camaná - Matarani - Ilo Road 97.0

Improvement of the Ilo Airport 4.3

Modernization of the Ilo Port 100.0

Improvement of the Matarani Port 35.0

Improvement of the Iquique Port 25.0

Rehabilitation and Railway Concession: Arica - La Paz (Chilean Section) 26.0

Improvement of the Tacna Airport 51.5

Concession of the Airport of Iquique 4.6 CENTRAL

Logistics Platform in Arequipa (Distribution Zone) 33.5 INTEROCEANIC

Construction of a Double Way, under Concession, in the Airport of Diego Aracena - Iquique 183.0

TOTAL 1,695.9

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III.7.6. The Central Interoceanic Hub’s Project Portfolio

General Aspects

The countries have agreed to include fifty-four projects in the Central Interoceanic Hub, accounting for an estimated investment of US$ 4,575.9 million, as summarized below:

Table 122 - General Aspects of the Central Interoceanic Hub’s Portfolio

Central Number of Estimated Investment Name Interoceanic Hub Projects (US$ million)

Group 1 Chile - Bolivia - Paraguay - Brazil Connection 16 1,288.3

Group 2 Optimization of the Corridor: Corumbá - São Paulo - 9 1,128.9 Santos - Rio de Janeiro

Santa Cruz - Puerto Suárez (Suárez Port) - Corumbá Group 3 3 421.5 Connection

Group 4 Santa Cruz - Cuiabá Connection 5 41.3

Group 5 Connections of the Hub to the Pacific: Ilo/Matarani - 21 1,695.9 Desaguadero - La Paz + Arica - La Paz + Iquique - Oruro - Cochabamba - Santa Cruz

TOTAL 54 4,575.9

Sector-based Breakdown

The following is a sector-based breakdown of the Hub’s projects:

Table 123 - Sector-based Breakdown of the Central Interoceanic Hub’s Portfolio

Transport Communications Energy

Estimated Estimated Estimated Number Number Number Sector / Subsector Investment Investment Investment of Projects of Projects of Projects (US$ million) (US$ million) (US$ million)

Road 26 2,457.8

Railway 7 1,098.4

Maritime 5 388.0

Border Crossing 6 10.5

Air 5 100.4

Multimodal 1 33.5

Energy generation 1 321.8

Energy interconnection 1 161.0

Communications 2 4.5 interconnection

TOTAL 50 4,088.6 2 4.5 2 482.8

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Project Typology

The Hub’s project typology is summarized in the following tables:

Table 124 - Road Transport Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Enlargement of road capacity 1 183.0

Paving (new works) 11 1,292.3

Rehabilitation of roads and structures 9 376.0

Bypasses and city accesses 3 578.5

Bridges (new and refitting) 2 28.0

TOTAL 26 2,457.8

Table 125 – Railway Transport Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Railway belts 2 331.0

Building of new railway lines 1 700.0

Refitting of railway lines 4 67.4

TOTAL 7 1,098.4

Table 126 - Maritime Transport Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Expansion of land infrastructure in sea ports 5 388.0

TOTAL 5 388.0

CENTRAL

INTEROCEANIC Table 127 - Energy Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Energy generation 1 321.8

Energy interconnection 1 161.0

TOTAL 2 482.8

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Table 128 - Border Crossing Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Infrastructure for new border control centers 4 6.5

Enlargement of infrastructure/capacity in 2 4.0 border control centers

TOTAL 6 10.5

Table 129 - Air Transport Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Refitting of airports 2 34.6

Airport expansion 3 65.8

TOTAL 5 100.4

Table 130 - Multimodal Transport Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Transfer stations 1 33.5

TOTAL 1 33.5

Table 131 - Communications Project Typology in the Central Interoceanic Hub

Project Typology Number of Projects Estimated Investment (US$ million)

Communications interconnection 2 4.5 (optical fiber)

TOTAL 2 4.5

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Anchor Projects

The countries identified five anchor projects in the Hub, totaling an estimated investment of US$ 964.0 million, according to the following detail:

Table 132 - Central Interoceanic Hub’s Anchor Projects

Estimated Financing Group Anchor Project Investment Scope Project Stage Source (US$ million)

1 Paving: Carmelo Peralta - Loma Plata and 127.0 Public National Pre-execution Building: Puente Carmelo Peralta (Carmelo Peralta Bridge) - Porto Murtinho

2 Ferroanel of São Paulo (Section North and 300.0 Public National Pre-execution South)

3 Building Road: Pailón - San José - Puerto Suárez 417.0 Public National Execution (Suárez Port)

4 Concepción - San Matías Road 0.0 Public National Pre-execution

5 Refitting of the El Sillar Section 120.0 Public National Pre-execution

TOTAL 964.0

CENTRAL INTEROCEANIC

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