The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century
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The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century (How God works in mysterious ways) “But you, Daniel, shut up the words and seal the book, until the time of the end. Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall increase." (Daniel 12:4) By Craig M White V. 2.5 2020, 2021 The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century Contents Introductory Remarks ............................................................................................................... 5 Background to the Christian Connexion ................................................................................... 8 The Origin of the Christian Connexion ............................................................................................ 8 Growth of the Christian Connexion ........................................................................................ 11 Summary of Influencers .......................................................................................................... 12 William Miller (1782-1849) ........................................................................................................... 12 Henry Grew (1781-1862) ............................................................................................................... 13 Dunbar Isidore Heath (1816-1888) ............................................................................................... 14 Henry Dunn (1801-1878) ............................................................................................................... 15 George Stetson (1814-1879) ......................................................................................................... 16 George Storrs (1796-1879) ............................................................................................................ 16 Charles Taze Russell (1852-1916) .................................................................................................. 18 Groups impacted by the Christian Connexion and Millerites ................................................ 20 Evangelical Adventists ................................................................................................................... 21 Advent Christian Church ................................................................................................................ 21 Life and Advent Union ................................................................................................................... 22 Church of God (Abrahamic Faith) .................................................................................................. 22 John Thomas and the Christadelphians ........................................................................................ 23 Russellites and early Jehovah Witnesses ...................................................................................... 24 Seventh-day Adventists ................................................................................................................. 24 Church of God (seventh day) ......................................................................................................... 26 Christian Connection and the Sabbath ................................................................................... 29 Similarities of Titles of Periodicals and Doctrines with the Church of God .......................... 30 Titles of Periodicals........................................................................................................................ 30 Charles Taze Russell’s Similarities to the Church of God.............................................................. 31 The Christadelphian Similarities to the Church of God ................................................................ 37 Historical Links and Similarities between Seventh-day Adventists and Church of God .............. 39 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 40 Appendix. Chart of Church of God and Sabbatarian Connections to Influencers ................. 42 Appendix. Chart of Influencers on the Development of Church of God Doctrines in the Nineteenth Century ................................................................................................................. 44 Appendix. Church of God and Other Group Interrelationships ............................................. 46 Appendix. Review of Henry Dunn’s The Kingdom of God; or, What is the Gospel? ............. 47 Appendix. Fair Chance Quotes ................................................................................................ 48 Appendix. Charles Taze Russell and Born Again .................................................................... 52 2 The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century Appendix. Roots of the Born Again in the Resurrection Doctrine ......................................... 54 Appendix. The Birth of the Spirit by Gilbert Cranmer............................................................ 59 Appendix. A History of the Saturday Resurrection Doctrine Among Sabbath-Keepers ....... 61 Appendix. The Trinity in Seventh-day Adventist History ....................................................... 63 Appendix. The 1888 Articles of Faith ...................................................................................... 68 Appendix. The Millennium and Kingdom of God on Earth .................................................... 69 References ............................................................................................................................... 72 Articles in this series: • Do Church Eras Exist? • History of the Fair Chance Doctrine • History of the Feast of Tabernacles in the Radio/Worldwide Church of God • History of the Place of Safety Doctrine in the Church of God • History of the Plain Truth magazine • History of the World Tomorrow Broadcast • History of Worldwide Church of God Ministerial Conferences • History of Worldwide Church of God Foreign Works • History of Worldwide Church of God Publications • How the Israel Identity truth entered the Church of God • Notes on the Third Resurrection Doctrine in the Church of God 3 The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century History Research Projects GPO Box 864, Sydney, Australia 2001 www.originofnations.org www.friendsofsabbath.org No limitation is placed upon reproduction of this document except that it must be reproduced in its entirety without modification or deletions. The publisher's name and address, copyright notice and this message must be included. It may be freely distributed but must be distributed without charge to the recipient. Our purpose and desire is to foster Biblical, historical and related studies that strengthen the Church of God’s message & mission and provides further support to its traditional doctrinal positions. Related reading • A Note on the Seventh Day Baptist Relationship to the Church of God by C. White • Biographical Encyclopedia: Chronicling the History of the Church of God Abrahamic Faith by J. Tilson • Church of God & Sabbatarian Timelines by C. White • Herbert W Armstrong. Man of God by C. White (refer especially to the Chart Summarising the Development of WCG Doctrines & Titles) • Historic Church of God Fundamentals of Belief. Tracking the Development of Core Doctrines by C. White • Historical Dictionary of Jehovah Witnesses by G. Chryssides • Historical Dictionary of the Seventh-day Adventists by G. Land • History of the Second Advent Message and Mission, Doctrine and People by I. Wellcome • Passover and Holy Day Observances since the First Century by C. White 4 The Doctrinal Heritage of the Church of God in the Nineteenth Century Abstract The Churches of God have never developed its doctrines in a vacuum. Rather, in humility, sifting through the works of others (especially specialists), it has absorbed doctrines into its core body of knowledge, based on God’s Law and other foundational beliefs. That is why the Church has used so many Bible Encyclopedias or other works by authors such as Ethelbert Bullinger, Andrew Jukes, Edwin Thiele, British-Israelites and such like. We need to acknowledge these sources and the hard work others have undertaken, preparing for the Church’s further clarifications and deeper understanding. Herbert W Armstrong himself was, in many ways, a sifter. Introductory Remarks For many years I have wished to write this article updating a previous article Herbert W Armstrong: Man of God! (which itself is a combination of several articles written in the 1990s) with sections dealing with the Russellites, Christadelphians and Seventh-day Adventists and these have been incorporated into this article. In fact, after many years of research I finally made a start in early 2016 but made no further progress as other projects arose, taking priority. Then in April 2019 a further attempt was made to continue to assemble this article on the subject. What you are reading is the outcome of the research, apparently unique in the Church of God. It is a summary of what could be produced, but who would read a 200-300 page book on the subject? This writer has had a long-term interest in the history of the Church of God and Sabbatarian movement. Of particular interest has been the period around 1820-1880; the supposed ‘missing link’ in Sabbatarian history; how the doctrines of the Church were assembled; how they were sourced; and the mysterious ways God works to bring this about.