Index

A band 912,916,918,925 - acid-base balance 1576 - excretion 1506, 2437 A cells 1357, 1505, 1506 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - fatty 83,89,1230,1270,1574,1577, A current 1111 acetoacetic acid 1580, 1601, 1602, 1603 A rod 912,916,918,925 - metabolic acidosis 1580 - fatty w-hydroxylated 117, 121 A-type channel 272 acetohexamide 1565 - formic 1494 A9C 254 acetone 2429 - hydrochloric 1243 AA metabolites 2357 acetylcholine (s. also ACH) 99,100, 101, - lactic 1572, 1577,2067 - cytochrome P450 metabolite 14, 15 104,109,110,130,144,321,325,369, - lysophosphatic 108,131 - epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (FET) 2357 572, 670, 673, 725, 913, 1000, 1046, - lysophosphatidic (s. also LPA) 108, - hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acids 1051, 1111, 1112, 1152, 1153, 1157, 116,117 (HETE) 2357 124t 1247, 1337, 1355, 1421, 147~ - nicotinic 1558 - lipoxygenase (LO) 2357 1480,1563, 1619, 1876, 1884, 1920, - nordehydroguaiaretic 119,121 - LTB, 2357 2076, 2222 - okadaic 99 - thromboxan B, (TXB,) 2357 - Ca" ion channel 572 - organic 162 AAF 741,743,744,747,749,750 - Ca" /calmodulin dependent 572 - phosphate 2248 abberration 764 - cells, enterochromaffin-like 1244 - phosphatic 108 - chromatic 764, 768 - muscarinic 329 - phosphatidic (s. also PAl 89,108,116, - spherical 763, 764 - muscarinic receptor 104 117, 131 ABC transporter protein 274 - nitric oxide synthase 572 - picolinic 1558 abdominal acetylcholine (M , and M, muscarinic - pyrazinoic 1558 - reflex 2441 receptors) 1312 - secretion 1227 - wall reflex 2441 acetylcholine receptor (s. also AChR) -- rate 2432 abducens 832 963, 1452 - short fatty 1494 ABI 747 - nicotinic gated 1452 - sialic 1315 ablauf 1756 acetylcholine receptor channels 276 - sulfuric 2059 - dynamics 65 - ACh -esterase 276 - titratable 1523,1524,1525,1535,2434, - fluid-dynamic 1756 - agrin 276 2437 - kinetics 56 - motor endplates 276 - tricarboxylic 1558 Abreu, A.C., de 7 acetylsalicylic acid 2357 - uric 1572, 1573 absence 1122 acetyltransferase 325 - weak organic 151 absolute (perfect) pitch 1144 ACH (s. also acetylcholine) 99, 101, 104, acid-base balance 1513,1575,1578,2395 absorbed dose 2422 109,110,311,2222,2223,2224,2225 - systemic 1399 absorption 1971 - activated channel 156 acid-base - of NaCI 2225 - receptor channel 157 - changes 1527, 1537 - of water 1259 - transmission 2224 - disturbances 1534 AC 751 ACHr (s. also acetylcholine receptor) - equilibriium 2051,2057 ACAT 1279 963 - homeostasis 2435 acceleration 2175 AChR-inducing activity (s. also ARIA) - membrane 1535 - eruptive 57 313 - metabolism 1533,1571,2437 - gravitational 703 achromatopsia 790,792,815 - regulation 1470 - rotatory 704 acid 332, 1572 - status 1505 - translatory 703 - acetic 1572 - transporters 162 accidents 2411 -- PK 1572 acid cycle acclimation 2216 - acetoacetetic 1580 - ~-hydroxybutyric 1580 acclimatization 2216 -- metabolic acidosis 1580 - ~ - oxidation 83 accommodation 761,763,764,765,829, - acetylsalicylic 2357 - oxidation 82 836 - amino (s. amino acids) - y-aminobutyric (s. also GABA) 325 - lens 836 - y-aminobutric 1531 - citric 82 accoustic impedance 712,715 - 9-anthracene carbonic 275 acidification 166, 1523 ACE 1483, 1485, 1884, 1885, 1985 - arachidonic 89, 107, 109, 116,332, - renal 1523 - inhibitors 132, 1484, 1985 1536, 1562, 1872, 2076, 2213 acidosis 260,929,931,1398,1400,1521, - - u,-receptors 1986 - biliary 1558 15 27 ,1533,1537,1539,1576,1578, acetaminophen 1384 - chenodeoxycholic 1382 1581,1589,1599,1601,1602,1605, acetate 2237 - citric 2248 1881,1897,1908,1911,1923,1928, acetazolamide 1511,1512,1589,1599 - diisothiocyanatostilbene 1929,2414,2416 acetic acid, - PK 1572 disulphonic 275 - distal tubular 1590 acetoacetate 1576, 1558, 2429 - ethacrynic 1599, 1602 - metabolic 1512,1523,1524,1524,1534

2451 acidosis (Contd.) actin polymerization 158 1024, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1076, 1077, - proximal tubular 1590 actinin 87 1078, 1080, 1082 - respiratory 1523 - a-actinin 187, 190, 233 - discharge rate 649,650,652,653, 671, "acinus" 1393 - fibronectin 190 673,1111,1112,1117 acotemia 1540 - vitronectin 190 - general 673 acoustic action potential 26, 32, 33, 150,253,268, - selective 873 - mass 715 283,286,572,1883,1949 - size- and shape-selective 874 - power density 711 - Ca2+ activated K+ channel 1949 - spike rate 1016 - startle-reflex 737 - Ca2+ channel blockers 1949 adaption 297, 712, 873, 976, 978, 983 acousticomotor 738,740,751 - Ca2+ channels, voltage gated 1949 - dark-light 769 acquired immune deficiency syndrome - Ca2+ influx 1949 - spike rate 971 (s. also AIDS) 1718 - delayed rectifier 1949 adaptive hypertrophy 2397 acrosome 2267 - duration 2002 Addison's disease 1324, 1643 "across-fiber patterns" 857 - extracellular K+ concentration 572 addressin 1710 ACTH (s. also adrenocorticotropin) 28, - force development 1949 andenine 2077 33,98,110,127,368,391,393,394, - membrane depolarization 1949 - derivaties 572 1560,1713,1721,2210 -- graded 1949 adenohypophysis 388 - cyclic AMP 1597 - membrane hyperpolarization adenosine 98,131,1111,1383,1479, actin 86,87,225,227,241,898,912,913, - graded 1949 1480,1481, 1483, 1484, 1561, 1587, 914,916,917,919,923,926,932,936, - overshoot 1949 1878, 1881, 1923, 1926, 1928, 1929, 1715, 1872, 1873, 1943,2353 - pacemaker potential 1949 1999,2240,2416 - associated proteins 230 - spike 1949 adenosine derivaties 572 - cytoskleton 230 - spontaneous action potential adenosine diphosphate (s. also ADP) - developmental isoforms 1943 activity 1949 916, 918, 929 - eukaryotes 1943 - tension development 1949 Al adenosine receptor 1959 - filament 81, 191,227, 1314 - upstroke 1949 - coronary artery 1959 - filament structure 936 - vasoconstriction 1949 - purinergic receptor 1959 - G actin 936 - vasodilatation 1949 adenosine triphosphate (s. also ATP) - isoforms 227 -maximum rate of rise 1949 82,83, 100,913,914,915,916,917, - molecule 227 activation 103, 270 918,927,929,930,932,1872,1877, - multigene families 1943 - ion channel 103 1999 - muscle isoform 1943 - of T, 451,452 adenylate cyclase 95,459,906, 1247, - myosin head region 1943 activation curve 1950 2224 - myosin heavy chain 1943 - buffering extrusions 1950 adenylyl cyclase 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, - myosin heavy chain genes 1943 - Ca2+ 1950 108,109, 110, 129, 133, 134, 158,850, - myosin light chains 1943 - store uptake 1950 1572, 1959 - nonmuscle isoform 1943 - unitary current 1950 ADH (s. also arginine vasopressin) 98, - nucleation 229 activators or inhibitors of vascular 101, 122, 124, 1228, 1480, 1483, 1485, - polymerization 227,229, 241 tone 1953 1489, 1501, 1507, 1519, 1520, 1522, - slime molds 1943 - depolarization 1953 1536, 1552, 1557, 1559, 1560, 1565, - yeasts 1943 - electrogenic (Na++K+) pump 1953 1586, 1587, 1589, 1591, 1602, 1603, actin cytoskeleton 188 - hyperkalemia 1953 1604,1626,1900,2225 - a-chains 188 - hyperpolarization 1953 - cyclic AMP 1597 - p-chains 188 - hypokalemia 1953 - dehydration 1565 - C3b component of complement 189 - K+ channels, inward rectifier 1953 - excess 1605 - collagen 189 - membrane potential 1953 - hyperhydration 1566 - epiligrin 189 active transport 1317,1490,1491,1507 ADH secretion - factor X 189 - voltage 1218, 1221 - hyperhydration 1566 - fibrinogen 189 activins 398, 2245 - inappropropriate 1566 - fibronectin 189 activity adherence junctions 192, 238 - integrin ap-heterodimers 189 - coefficient 248, 2424 adhesion 1881 - intracellular adhesion molecules 189 - energy costs 1426 adhesion belts 81, 192, 193, 1224 - invasin 189 -- specific activity factor 1426 - growth control 193 - laminin 189 -- specific injury factor 1427 adhesion deficiency 190 - osteopontin 189 - front 1294 adhesion molecules 187,323, 1710 - thrombospondin 189 - ion 86 - cell surface receptors 187 - vascular cell adhesion molecule 189 - neural 1262 - extracellular matrix proteins 187 - vitronectin 189 actomyosin 916, 930, 936 - gangliosides 187 - von Willebrand factor 189 actuator 28 - glycolipids 187 actin filaments 191, 1314 acuity (spatial) 652,657, 658, 661, 666, - proteoglycans 187 - a-actinin 191 673,764,765,770,790,794,806,811 - transmembrane glycoproteins 187 - capping protein 191 acute pancreatitis (s. also pancreatitis) adhesive cascade 214 - extracellular matrix 191 1328 - endothelial cells 214 - fibronectin 191 "acute phase protein" 124, 127 - firm attachment 214 - fibronectin receptors 191 acute phase reaction 2211 - inflammatory mediators 214 - focal contact 191 acute renal failure (s. also ARF) 1538 - P2-integrins 214 - paxillin 191 acyl-CoA -carboxylase - selectins 214 - talin 191 phosphorylation 1597 - unstable adhesion 214 - of the terminal web 1314 acyltransferase adhesive domains 186 - vinculin 191 - diacylglycerol 1278 adipate 1533 actin mutants in Drosophila, "flight• adaptability 39, 40 adipose tissue 929, 1434, 1931, 1935 less" 961 adaptation 990,991, 1003, 1008, 1013, - expansion of 2397

2452 ADP (So also adenosine diphosphate) ACTH) 28,33,36,98,391,360, 1564, agents 102 916,918,929 1735, 1931 - tumour-promoting 102 - ATP translocase 166 - salt appetite 1564 aggrecan 201,205 - ribose, cyclic 107 adrenomedullin 1886 - cartilage 205 - ribosylation 96,97,98, 110 adrenoreceptor 1883 - G I domain 205 adrenal 2326 Adrian, EoDo 7,8 aggrecan aggregates 200 - ACTH 2326 adventitia 1870, 1871, 1872, 1882, 1893, - antithrombin III 200 - aldosterone 2326 1894, 1895 - C-5 epimerization 200 - catecholamines 2326 adventitia layers 1941 - CD44 200 - cortex 403 - arterioles 1941 - cell adhesion 200 - cortical blood flow 2326 - collagenous fibers 1941 - collagen 200 - corticosteroid biosynthesis 2326 - collecting venules 1941 - ~- D-glucuronic acid 200 - glands 403,1483,1636, 1645 - elastic and collagenous fibrils 1942 - heparan sulfate 200 - insufficiency 1605 - elastic fibers 1941 - heparin 200 - medulla 116, 133, 336, 403, 1883, 1886, - elastica interna 1941 - migration 200, 1901, 1905, 1910 - endothelial cells 1941 - N-acetyl-~-D-glucosamine 200 -- chromaffin cellls 336 - extracellular matrix 1942 - N -deacetylation/N -sulfation 200 - medullary blood flow 2326 - fibroblast 1942 - proliferation 200 - steroids 1599 - lymphatic vessels 1942 - 2-0-sulfation 200 - zona fasciculata 404 - macrophages 1942 - 3-0-sulfation 200 - zona glomerulosa 403 - no myelinated axons 1942 - 6-0-sulfation 200 - zona reticularis 404 - postcapillary venules 1941 aggrecan monomers 200 adrenalectomy 393 - precapillary arterioles 1941 - link proteins 200 adrenaline 36,96,97,98, 101, 109, 116, - Schwann cells 1942 aggregation, recursive 77 123, 131, 133, 134, 1518, 1636 - terminal arterioles 1941 aging 1722,2391,2407,2408,2409,2410, adrenergic 1151, 1154, 2204 - veins 1941 2411,2413 - aJ-adrenergic 1908 aequorin 947 - assessment of physiological age in the ~-adrenergic 2223 - Ca2• indicator 947 elderly 2394 adrenergic receptor - Ca2~, storage of 947 - "average" aging 2393 - a J- 2355 aerobic 915,929,930,932 - "biological clock" 2392 - a 2- 2355 affect 628, 1060, 1071, 1083 - body weight 2392 - ~-adrenergic receptor 906, 2355 affective disorder, seasonal 1210 - brain weight 2392 a-adrenoceptor 1886, 1894, 1953 afferents - brain weight to body weight 2392 ~-adrenoceptor 1886, 1924, 1926, 1953 - Aa 625, 630, 634, 648 - chronological age 2329 a-and ~-adrenoceptors -A~ 625,630,634,648,652 - comparative aging 2391 - aJ-adrenoceptors 1924, 1954 - AI) 630,633 - definitions of 2391 - a)-receptor 1953 - group C 627, 630, 633, 659, 665 - demographic aging 2393 - a,-adrenergic receptors, - group I 652 - "demographic transition" 2393 prejunctional 1954 - group Ia 625,630, 632, 635, 643, 656, - differential aging in humans 2392

- a 2-adrenoceptors 1924, 1954 659, 1129 - disease 2392 ~)-adrenoceptors 1908 - group Ib 625, 630, 632, 635, 656, 659, - environment 2392 - ~2-adrenoceptors 1954 669 - "greying" of the population 2393 - ~,-receptor subtype 1953 - group II 625, 630, 632, 635, 648,652 - growth period, duration of 2392 - a 2-receptor subtypes 1953 - group III 630 - heterogeneity 2392 - adrenergic receptor 1954 - group IV 630 - impaired autonomic control - Ca' + channels, voltage-dependent - joint 625,626,627,635,638,641,642, with 2396 1955 656,659,665,669 - life expectancy 2392,2393 - Ca" influx 1955 - muscle 625,626,627,637,638,641, - lifestyle 2392 - contraction 1955 655, 669 - longevity 2392 - co transmitter ATP 1954 - sacral visceral 1616 - metabolic rate 2392 - deletion mutants 1954 - thoraco-Iumbar visceral 1616 - multifactorial measurements 2394 - desensitization 1955 - vasculature 1535 - "normal" aging 2393 - dopamine receptors 1954 - visceral 1613 - nutrition 2392 - epinephrine 1954 afferent nerve fiber - physiological age 2329 - G protein coupled receptors 1954 - cutaneous 997, 1003, 1024, 1025 - physiological correlates with - glycoprotein hormone receptors 1954 - group II 992, 1002, 1003, 1010, 1016, longevity 2392 - membrane depolarization 1955 1025 - "physiological profile" 2394 - muscarinic receptors 1954 - group III 1016 - reactive dendritic sprouting 2401 - muscle vessels, coronary 1954 - group IV 1016 - reproductive function 2392 - muscle vessels, skeletal 1954 - Ia 981,991,992,998,999, 1000, 1002, - standards of optimal physiological - neuromuscular junctions 1954 1003,1009,1010 ,10l7, 1020, 1021, competence 2393 - neuropeptide receptors 1954 1023, 1024, 1015, 1027 - stress 2392 - norepinephrine 1953 - Ib 1001, 1002, 1003, 1015, 1025, 1028 - "successfull" aging 2393 - P1 purinoreceptors, presynaptic 1954 affinity 157, 158 - "successfull" versus "usual" aging - pertussis toxin (PTX) 1955 affinity labelling 159 2392 - phospholipase C 1955 aflatoxin B, 1384 - theories of 2401 - reticulum, sarcoplasmic 1955 after-loaded 924 - "usual" aging 2393 - serotonin receptros 1954 afterhyperpolarization (AHP) 1111, "aging charts" 2394 - sympathicus 1953 1112, 1153 - assessments 2394 - varicosities 1954 afterimage 796, 822 - functional decline with aging 2394 - vesicels, dense-cored 1954 age 1644,1897,2407 - geriatric assessment 2394 adrenocorticotropic hormone (so also age-weight relation 2447 - incidence of disease 2394

2453 "aging charts" (Contd.) 1590, 1591, 1599, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1604 - serotonin 786 - life expectancy 2394 - acid-base balance 1577 amino acids 786, 1228, 1461, 1490, 1491, - measurements of physiological age - metabolic 1523 1497, 1530, 1547, 1576,2427,2431 2395 - respiratory 1523 - acidic 1531 aging mechanisms 2409 - volume contraction 1567 - a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- agnosia 790, 792 - volume depletion isoxalone propionic 277, 852, 1053, - apperceptive 790 allantoin 2429, 2434 1054,1120,1121,1177,1180 - associative 790 allergic disorder 135 - branched chain 1377 - color 790 allergic rush 133 - concentration 2427,2428 agonists III allergy 1147, 1156, 1739, 1743 - cotransport systems 1530 - adrenergic 1324 allodynia 654 - dibasic 1531 - a, -agonists 11 0 allopurinol 2416 - excitatory 539 - a-adrenergic 1324, 1565, 1591 allosteric-cooperative binding, - imino 1531 - p, -agonists 1590, 1591 competitive 212 - neutral 1531 - p-adrenergic 1324, 1591 - affinity constants 212 - reabsorption 1531 - cholinergic 1324 - basement membrane 212 - transport 1396 - muscarinic 109 - conformational change 212 - transporter 162, 550, 1269 p-agonists 110, 1484, 1502, 1520,2224, - hyperpolarization 212 - uptake 2301 2225 - ionic microenvironment of cells 212 - uptake system 1314 agranular 1112 - matrix polyanions 212 amino acids, excitatory 686 agraphia 1143 - pacemaker currents 212 - edema, neurogenic 686 agressive behavior 371 - proteoglycans 212 - plasma extravasation 686 AGS (s. also adrenogenital syndrome) - Purkinje fibers 212 amino-transferase, ornithine 1393 489 - relaxation of smooth muscle cells 212 aminoglycosides 1538 AI 741, 743, 744, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750 - sinus node cells 212 4-aminopyridine 273 AIDS 1603, 1704, 1704, 1735, 1739, 1742 allosteric effectors 1962 amino static theory 1463 All 744,750, 1478, 1479, 1480, 1481, Alport syndrome 177 amiodarone 458 1483, 1484, 1485 - aldol condensation 178 amitriptyline 1645 - bushy cells 744 - cataracts 181 ammonia 2429 - GABA 744 - chronic hematuria 181 - amplification 1398 - magnocellular neurons 744 - hearing loss 181 - excretion 1540 - stellate cells 744 - hereditary nephritis 181 - metabolism 1398 air, inspired, conditioning 2078 - hydroxylapatite 178 - portal 1398 airflow limitation 2029 - leiomyomatosis 181 - production 1540, 1591 airway compression, dynamic 2029 - lysine oxidase 178 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 airway epithelia 1536 - triple helix 178 ammoniagenesis 1540 airway epithelium 1226 - tropocollagen 178 amnesia 1162 airways 123, 1217 alteration of synthesis 1957 - anterograde 1161, 1165, 1166 airways resistance 133, 2026, 2028, 2436 altitude 2189 - global 1162, 1166 - alveolar pressure 2026 - high 6 - retrograde 1162, 1164, 1172 - dynamic compression 2027 aluminium 1602 amniotic fluid 2303 - volume-versus-time relationship 2027 - silicates 156 amorphosynthesis 669 Airy's disk 750, 760, 764 alveolar AMP 1359 akinesia 1068, 1069, 1071 - duct 2077 - cyclic 389 akinetopsia 792, 816, 880 - epithelium 2076 AMPA (s. also a-amino-3-hydroxy-5- alanine 1394, 1531,2428 - 0, tension 2075 methyl-4-isoxalone propionic albumin 462,463, 1474,2237,2428 - P CO2 2147 acid) 277, 852, 1053, 1054, 1120, 1121, alcohol 1602, 1604, 1605, 1635,2445 alveolar ventilation 1574,2147 1177, 1180 - dehydration 1564 - Bohr (CO, proportion) technique amphetamine 1883 - metabolic acid 1580 2033 amphibia 1506 alcoholism 1590, 1605 - elimination of H+ 1574 amphidynamic behavior 47,56 - acidosis 1581 - Fowler technique 2032 amphotericin B 1565 aldosterone 167,253,258, 1217, 1218, - optimum breathing pattern 2032 ampulla 704 1265,1324,1483,1489,1503,1504, - physiological dead space 2033 amusia 1144 1518, 1520, 1521, 1524, 1535, 1536, alveoli 2077 amygdala 370,802,1042, 1046, 1061, 1552, 1560, 1563, 1585, 1589, 1590, alveolus 1890 1123, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1162, 1591, 1602, 1626, 1627, 1634, 1636, alveus 1123 1165, 1166, 1169, 1173, 1735 1637, 1638, 1639, 1640, 1642, 1644, Alzheimer disease 128,373, 574, 854, - lesions of 370 1645,1906,1910,2223,2227 1079,1153,1154,1644,2399 - neurons 371 - alertness 1060, 1061, 1084 amacrine cell 796 amylase 1315, 1320,2432 - alkalosis 1581 amblyopia 871 amyloid infiltration 2399 - antagonists 1642 ambulatory ability 2398 amyloidosis 1565 - escape 1537, 1642 ametropia 765 amyotrophic sclerosis 1083 - hyperhydration 1566 amiloride 253, 257, 258, 1265, 1323, -lateral alertness (alert) 628,647,656, 1049, 1495, 1496, 1502, 1503, 1511, 1513, -- respiratory acidosis 1579 1150, 1152, 1154, 1157 1520, 1524, 1532, 1587, 1589, 1591, 1640 AN 732, 733, 734, 748 alexia 1144 amines 786 anaerobic 927,929,930,932 alkali tide 1577 - acetylcholine 786 - metabolism 2067 - acid-base balance 1577 - cyclic AMP 787 analgesia 673 alkaline 1606 - dopamines 786 analgesia system, endogenous 687,692 alkalosis 1398, 1511, 1524, 1527, 1533, - neuropeptides 786 - coeruleospinal tracts 692 1537, 1576, 1579, 1581, 1582, 1589, - protein kinase 787 - dynorphin 693

2454 - ~-endorphin 693 -- Na'-coupled secondary active 1336 - RU 486 - enkephalin 693 anisotropy, meridional 866 antikaliuresis 1511 - 5-hydroxytryptamine 692 ankle 1895 antinatriuresis 1519 - naloxone 692 ankle jerk 2441 antiport 1485, 162 - norepinephrine 692 ankyrin 87,91 antiporter 257, 258 - raphe spinal 692 annexin 85, 1989 antiproteases 202 - reticulospinal 692 annexin-1 1713 antipyretics 2213 analysis, parametric 884 anomalabsorption 1425 - indomethacin 2213 anaphylactic reaction 133 anomalous contours 880 - salicylate 2213 anaphylaxis 124 anorectal motility and defecation 1305 antipyrin 1554 Anatomia animata 3 - external anal sphincter 1305 [14C]antipyrine modification 574 anatomy, male reproductive organs - internal anal sphincter 1305 antithrombin III 1989 2255 - recto-anal inhibitory reflex 1305 anti thrombotic properties of EC 1988 - afferent innervation 2255 anorexia nervosa 1425,1431,1718 antitoxins 1703 - motoneurons 2255 - T3 syndrome 1718 antivivisectionist 15 - parasympathetic innervation 2255 anoxemia 587 anxiety 1147 - sympathetic innervation 2255 anoxia 2068,2413 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 androgen 397,398,1534 ANP (s. also atrial natriuretic pep tides ) aorta 1867,1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1897, androgen receptor 2238 106, 107,386, 1484, 1485, 1489, 1518, 1913,1919,1936 androstenedione 2249 1521, 1536, 1537, 1626, 1627, 1632, aortic anemia 570,1540,1541,1604,1658,2066 1633, 1634, 1636, 1638, 1641, 1642, - arch 1898 - acidosis 1581 1644,1645,1815,1886,1900,1901, - glomera 1898 - blood loss 1658 1905 AP-1 transcription factor 190 - erythropoiesis, ineffective 1659 - antagonism, center-surround 867 - interleukin-2 (s. also IL-2) 190 - hemolytic 1659 anterior chamber 758, 759 AP4 receptors 852 - hypoproliferative 1658 anterior commissure 1137,1148,1153 apallic 1007 - iatrogenic 1771 anterior lobe 388 - patients 2417 - normovolemic 1771 anterolateral 624,627,628,637,645 apatite 1533 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 anti-antibodies 1740 APC 188 anencephalus 1007 anti-idiotypes 1740 aperture 760 anergy 1740 anti-inflammatory 36, 37 aphakic 765 anesthesia 10 anti-TPG-antibodies 469 aphasia 1068, 1137, 1142, 1144, 1147, - general 574 anti adhesive domains 186 1156 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - cell flattening and motility 186 - fluent 1142 aneurysm 1538,2396 - differential splicing 186 - motor 1138 ANF 386, 1485, 1560, 1561 - EGF repeats 186 - sensory 1138 - hyperhydration 1566 - fibronectin type III 186 aplysia 1174 angina pectoris 1911,1923,1924,2000 - fibronectin type III repeats 186 Apo-B"l0 1275, 1381 angiogenesis 1880,1890,1981,1987 - hepated repeats 186 apoC-II 1381 angiogenic 2078 - multiple isoforms 186 apoE 1381 angiographic dyes 1565 - syndecan 186 apomorphine 1635 angiography antiallergic 36, 37 apoproteins 1276, 1380 - fluorescence 1782 antibodies 1363,1731,1740 - exchangeable 1276, 1277 angiotensin 1265, 1524, 1536, 1552, - interleukin-I 1364 apoptosis (s. also cell death, pro- 1562, 1564, 1638, 1878, 1879, 1884, - monoclonal 1702 grammed) 215,216, 1551, 1688,2407, 1884,1885,1900,1924,1986,2245 - ni tric oxide 1364 2413, 2414 - aldosterone 2380 antibody - angiogenesis 216 - hyperhydration 1566 - binding 159, 1223 apraxia 791,792, 1066, 1146 - renal tubular transport 2380 - formation 1701 APUD 1281 - salt appetite 1564 anticoagulants APV 1169,1178 - I 1483,1485 - clinical use of 1666 aquaporin II 1641 - II (s. also All) 99,100, 101, 110, 122, anticoagulation potential 1989 aqueous humor 1552 130,131,382,386,393,1478,1480, antidiuresis 381, 1560 aqueous polyelectrolyte mixtures 212 1483, 1484, 1485, 1518, 1519, 1521, antidiuretic hormone (s. also ADH, AVP, - aggrecan 213 1535, 1536, 1626, 1627, 1635, 1636, vasopressin) 98, 100, 101, 122, 1228, - electrostatic interactions 213 1639,1640,1641,1642,1644,1645,2076 1478, 1480, 1483, 1485, 1489, 1499, - extracellular matrix 213 -- respiratory alkalosis 1580 1504, 1518, 1519, 1536, 155~ 1562, - gelation 213 - III 1483, 1634 1899,1905,1906,1910,2225 - HA 213 angiotensin-converting enzyme (s. also antidiuretin 1536 - network formation 213 ACE) 121, 1483, 1485, 1878,2077 antiemetic drugs 1635 - proteochondrin sulfate 213 - inhibition 1642 antigen 100, 124, 126, 127, 129, 133, - proteoglycans 213 angiotensinogen 1483, 1884, 1885, 1926 1697,1731,1734,1739 - structural glycoproteins 213 anhydrase, carbonic 1573 - TNF 127 arachidonate 116,117,119,123,134, animal - trophoblast-lymphocyte 1270 - models 959 cross-reactive 2295 - PAF 134 - rights 15 - tumor 1740 arachidonic acid 107, 109,644,997, animals, transgenic 1223 - very late activation 189 1129, 1562, 1872, 1881,2076,2213 - "knock out" 16 antigen-presenting cells 1696,1701 arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites 2353 anion antigestagen 2350 archicortex 1107, 1122 - channels 1547 - collagenolysis 2349 archipallium 1107 - exchangers 161 - mifepristone 2349 arcuate - transport 1336 - onapristone 2349 - veins 1472

2455 area - V5 (MT) 800,801,808,813,814,815, - basilar 134, 1919 - 1 628,629,640,641,642,643,645,657, 816,818, 819, 824, 825 - celiac 1930 658,659,663,666,1033 - ventral intraparietal (VIP) 1066 - inferior hypophysial 388 - 2 628,629,641,642,643,645,658,659, - visual 799, 1047 - interlobular 1471, 1472 663, 667, 1033, 1067, 1117 ARF 1485, 1538, 1539 - mesenteric 1930 - 3 1025, 1033, 1067 - causes 1538 - natriuretic peptide 1536 - 3a 628,629, 633, 641, 642, 643, 645, Arg-Gly-Asp, sequences 182 - spermal 1937 659,1117 arginine 1479, 1531, 1601,2428 - spermatic 1936 - 3b 628,629,640,641,642,643,645, arginine vasopressin (s. also ADH and - superior 388 657,658,659,661,662,663,665,666, AVP) 98, 122,254, 1228, 1499, 1518, - vertebral 561 667,671,1117 1519, 1521, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1630, articulation 1100 - 4 629, 643, 659, 1025, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1634,1635,1637,1644,1884,1886,2225 artificial membranes 291 1040, 1047, 1069 arginine vasopressin secretion, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase 1204 - 5 629,639,641,643,645,659,663,668, inappropriate 1642 asbestos 129 669, 1033, 1035, 1040, 1055, 1049, 1062, ARIA (s. also AChR-inducing activity) ascites 1548, 1553, 1930 1064, 1066, 1067, 1075 313 - hyperhydration 1566 - 6 643,659, 663, 793, 1033, 1034, 1047, Aristotle 1, 2 ascorbate 107 1066, 1067 aromatic L-amino acid Asher,1. 6 - 7 629,668, 1033, 1064, 1066, 1067 decarboxylase 1204 asomatognosia 669 - 7a 639, 640, 645, 668 arousal 628,647,656,670, 798, 1049, asparagine 1531 - 7b 663, 668, 669 1130,1150,1151,1152,1154,1157 aspartate 671, 1008, 1393, 2428 - 8 1034, 1047, 1049, 1066 Arrhenius, S. 7 - osmolytes 1567 - 17 (Vi) 641,1107,1112,1114,1130 arrhythmias 1912, 1921 aspartylproteases 178 - 18 641, 1107,800,801,813 arterial baroreceptors 2161 asphyxia 2311 - 19 792 - "alerting" reaction 2161 aspirin 119, 123,2000 - 22 1139, 1141 - cerebral cortex 2161 assemblies 884, 1157 - 23 1033 - "defense" reaction 2161 - cell 1105, 1117, 1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, - 24 1033 - limbic system 2161 1134 - 37 792 arterial baroreflex control 2163 associative learning 1167 - 39 768 arterial blood pressure 570, 1888 astereognosis 669 - 40 768, 1035 - control of 2320 asthenia 1072 - 44 1034, 1049 arterial capacitance 2007 asthma 124, 133, 134, 1147, 1156, 1743, - 45 792, 1049 arterial chemoreceptors 2161 2411 - 47 792 arterial chemoreflex control 2164 astigmatism 764 - auditory 1047 - carotid body 2164 astrocytes 124, 125,533,598, 1111, 1920, - Broca 1068, 1076 -- bilateral resection of their carotid 2399 - cingulate 1033, 1042, 1043, 1047 bodies 2164 - reactive 540 - extrastriate, prestriate 798,800,816 arterial pressure astrocytic foot process 546 - fusiform 815 - wave transmission and reflection 2007 asynthesia 791 - lateral intraparietal (LIP) 803, 1066, arterial wall 2396 ATPase 1117 arteries 1871, 1872, 1882 - FoF, 83 - medial superior temporal (MST) 818 - arcuate 1471 AT, receptor 1634 - motor 642, 643, 1033, 1038 - carotid 1898 AT, receptor 1634 - MT 868 - coronary 1879, 1920, 1924 ataria 792, 1066, 1072, 1083 - occipital 803 - intercostal 1934 atenolol 98 - occipito-parietal 792 -large 1888 ATH 1714 - parietal 642, 643, 803, 1035, 1042, - ovarian 1935 atheroma 1923,2396 1048, 1075 - pulmonary 1933 atheroma formation 204 - posterior parietal 792 - renal 1936 - ApoB 204 - postrema 387,656, 1628, 1635, 1882, - spiral 2294 - ApoE 204 1918 - umbilical 1913 - extracellular matrix 204 - precentral motor 668 - uterine 1913, 1935 - high-density lipoproteins (HDL) 204 - prefrontal 622, 1042, 1066 - vaginal 1935 - intermediate-density lipoproteins -premotor 1034,1035,1054,1062,1066, arterioles 1403, 1867, 1872, 1874, 1875, (IDL) 204 1067, 1068, 1083 1876, 1878, 1879, 1882, 1888, 1889, - intima 204 - prestriate 792, 813, 824 1891, 1895, 1920, 1931, 1933 - lipidosis 204 - primary motor (MC; MI) 1033, 1035, - afferent 1471,1472,1473,1479,1481 - low-density lipoproteins (LDL) 204 1036, 1038, 1041, 1046, 1064, 1067 - terminal 1965 - media 204 - primary visual 792 arteriosclerosis 570, 1879 - very low density lipoproteins - somatosensory 1035, 1046, 1047 arteriovenous anastomoses 2203 (VLDL) 204 - supplementary motor (SMA) 1033, arteriovenous differences 580, 587 atherosclerosis 128, 1538, 1888, 1921, 1034, 1036, 1043, 1047, 1055, 1067 - inert gas method 581 1991,2396 - temporal 803 - 79Kr 581 - fatty streaks 204, 2396 - temporo-occipital 790 - 85Kr 581 - fibrous plaques 2396 - VI 798,800, 801, 813, 815, 816, 822, - methods of measurement of CBF 581 atherosclerotic 868 - N,O 581 - lesion 2396 - V2 798,799,800, 802, 814, 815, 816, - 133Xe 581 - plaques 1921 819,822,825,868,1117,1130 arteriovenous oxygen content difference athetosis 1070, 1071 - V3 798, 799, 800, 801, 814, 815, 816, 2148 athyroid 925 822,868 arteriovenous shunts 570, 1966 ATL 1507, 1509 - V4 799,800,801,802,814,815,818, artery 388 atmospheric air 2039 825, 868, 1130 - arcuate 1472 ATP (adenosine triphosphate) 82,83,

2456 100,101, 1l0, 130, 131, 156, 160, 163, - sensory cells 716 aversive or fear conditioning 1168 166,253,257, 311, 585, 897, 913, 914, - stimulation 576 Avogadro's (Loschmidt's) number 247 915,916,917,918,927,929,930,932, - system, centrifugal 735 Avogadro's constant 2425 1349,1480,1493,1494,1497, 1498, -- efferent 735 AVP (s. also ADH) 98, 101,253,254, 1500, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1506, 1509, - visual interaction 839 1228,1478,1485,1499,1501,1504, 1512, 1513, 1523, 1528, 1532, 1539, auditory nerve (s. also AN) 730 1505, 1506, 1507, 1509, 1510, 1518, 1619, 1872, 1876, 1877, 1881, 1883, Auerbach's plexus 1415 1519, 1520, 1521, 1532, 1536, 1537, 1927,1928,2223,2225,2414,2415,2416 AufkHirung (s. also Enlightenment) 3 1538, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1630, 1632, - hydrolysis of 163, 164,938 autacoids 95,96, 108, 115, 116, 131, 133, 1633, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638, - production 82 139, 1638, 1873, 1878, 1881, 1884, 1889, 1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1956, - production, mitochondrial 167 1908,1910,1926 2214, 2225 - synthetase 82, 83, 164,256 autistic 1075, 1156 - release 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629, 1631, -- mitochondrial 166, 256 autnomic nerve stimulation 1318 1632, 1634, 1635 - as transmitter 906 autoantibodies 1725 awareness 790, 1062, 1068, 1126, 1131 - turnover 168 autocrine 116, 119, 135,431,2245 axis ATP-dependent K'channel 274,902 autofocussing 58 - crypt-villus 1261 - diabetes mellitus 274 autoimmune 1155, 1156 - hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal 1734 - pancreatic ~-cells 274 autoimmune disease 1725, 1742 - pituitary-adrenal 1736 - sulfonyl urea derivative 274 - rheology of 1790 - sympathetico-adrenal 1734

ATP-sensitive K+ channel (K ATP) 1950 autoimmunity 469, 1739 axo-axonic cell 1110,1116,1123, 1124, ATP/ADP auto inhibition 1125 - exchanger 161 - presynaptic 1883 axoaxonic synapses 634 - transcolase 163 automaticity 77 axon pathway 610 ATPase 913,914,916,917,925,930 automatism axonal sprouts 541 - activity 899 - heart 9 axonal transport 615 atria 1645,1885, 1891, 1897, 1899, 1900, autonomic 77,627,654,988,993, 1007, axons 1901, 1908, 1913 1049, 1150 - primary sensory 296 atrial autonomic discharge, functional role azide 107 - distension 1885 of 2137 azimuth 735, 841 - filling 1631 autonomic (sympathetic) nervous system atrial afferent 40,1736,1186,1735,1737,2224 barium 1591 - myelinated 2000 - acetylcholine 344 B cells 124, 127, 129, 1505, 1506, 1696, - nonmyelinated 2000 - activation patterns 348 1708,1731,1735,1742 atrial natriuretic factor (s. also - afferent nerves 340 - stimulation 1717 ANF) 386, 1480, 1485, 1552, 1557, - concurrent activation 348 B lymphocytes 125, 1267 1560,1562 - dual innervation 336 BaH 152,153,253, 1221, 1222, 1225 atrial natriuretic peptide (s. also - fight or flight response 340, 346 Babinskireflex 2441 ANP) 106, 1489, 1518, 1626, 1632, - intermediolateral gray matter 339 baclofen 1003 1638, 1641, 1815, 1884, 1885, 1886 - negative feedback loops 344 bacteria 166,2434 atrial pressure 1560 - neurotransmitters 335 bacterial infections 214 - right 2008 - pep tides 344 - chemoattractans 214 atrial pressure difference, arterial - - postganglionic neurons 336, 340 - endothelial cells 214 left 2074 - preganglionic neurons 336, 339 - endotoxin 214 atrial sinus node 22 - reciprocal activation 348 - extravasation 214 atrionatriuretic peptide (s. also ANP) - reflex arcs 335, 346 - histamine 214 1518 - respiratory sinus arrhythmia 1186 - inflammation 214 atriopeptin (s. also atriotopin) 386 - set point 344 - ~2-integrins 214 atriotopin (s. also atriopeptin) 386 - tone 336 - monocytes 214 atrioventricular node 22 - trophic interactions 336 - neutrophils 214 atrium - unilateral activation 348 - VCAM-l 214 - right 1891 autonomous endocrine system 2342 - white blood cells 214 atropine 101, 1929, 1931, 1932 - calcitonin-vitamin D system 2343 bacterial toxins attention 642, 647, 661, 663, 667, 669, - endocrine pancreas 2342 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 670,789,791,798,804,813,819,823, auto radiograph 872 bafilomycin 166, 256 824,825,974,987, 1033, 1042, 1049, auto radiographic [131IJCF,I method 574 Bainbridge reflex 1899 1059, 1060, 1061, 1064, 1066, 1068, auto radiographic method 566 balance 705 1076,1084,1112,1114,1130,1137, - quantitative 566 BALB 110 1143, 1146, 1147, 1149, 1150, 1151, autoradiography 584 Balint's syndrome 792 1152, 1154, 1155, 1157 - of brain sections 584 band-pass 27 Atzler, E. 6 autoreceptor 322 band 3 protein 162, 258 audiogram 713 autoregulation 570,571,1480,1481, Bang, l. 7 audiometry 711 1485, 1518, 1535, 1874, 1875, 1876, Barany, R. 7 audition 666,668, 1007, 1014 1877, 1880, 1889, 1894, 1901, 1907, barbiturate seminarcosis 574 auditory 644,645,666, 668, 812, 988, 1918,1920,1922,1924,1925,1926, barbiturates 2415 1007,1014,1035,1040,1048,1061, 2076 barium poisoning 1590 1066, 1069, 1072, 1078, 1080, 1084, autorhythmicity 1961 barn owl 738, 841, 842 1141, 1143, 1152, 1155, 1157 auxotonic 919 - multimodal 841 - cortex 740,744,745 AV3V 381,386,387 barometric pressure 2436 -- primary 745 AVCN 734,735,736,737,738,739,740, baroreceptor 346, 1626, 1628, 1633, - deterioration 2396 751 1634, 1637, 1644, 1645, 1882, 1895, - field, anterior 745 AVCP 1639 1898,1900,1901,1926,1927 - function 2396 average lifespan 2394 - arterial 1999

2457 baroreceptor (Contd.) - mesoderm 173 beliefs 1738, 1744 - reflex 1633 - molecular sieving 208 Bell's phenomena 2441 - threshold of the 2000 - muscle 208 Bellini, ducts of 1485 baroreflex 1637,2008,2011,2012 - osteoblasts 173 Benard 53 barostat 1292 - perlecan 208,210 benzodiazepines 279, 1635 barotrauma 2182 - proteoglycans 173, 1942 Bereitschaftspotential 1062 - lung squeeze 2182 - Schwann cells 208 Bernard, C. 5, 7, 8 barrel 1115 - teeths 174 Bernstein, J. 5, 6 barriers - tendons 174 Bert, P 7,2190 - chemical 1741 - tumor metastasis 174 Berzelius, .J. 10 - opening of 547 - type IV collagen 181, 208, 210, 1942 "best modulation frequency" 739 - physical 1741 -- deletions 181 betaine 1510, 1547 Bartter's syndrome 1590, 1643, 1605 -- duplications 181 Betz cell 1035 - alkalosis 1581 -- insertion 181 Bezold, A. von 5 basal -- point mutations 181 Bezold -Jarisch - infoldings 1497 - type VII collagen 210 - effect 2000 -labyrinth 1492,1493, 1503, 1518 - Van der Waals forces 173 - reaction 1901 - lamina 1966, 1967 - vascular smooth muscle cells 1942 bFGF (s. also basophilic fibroblast growth - metabolic rate 1426, 2442 - wound repair 174,208 factor) 312 - tone 901 basement membrane, molecular self- BFU-E 1686 basal forebrain 628,659,668, 670, 671, assembly 210 bicarbonate 1241, 1322, 1399,2054, 2302 1040, 1061, 111~ 1150, 1153, 1154, 1155 - cell attachment 210 - buffer 2058 basal ganglia (s. also ganglia) 574, 628, - covalen cross-links 21 0 bicarbonaturia 1511,1512,1523, 1535 1012, 1013, 1034, 1036, 1040, 1041, - differentiation 210 - dehydration 1564 1042, 1043, 1044, 1046, 1049, 1054, - dimers 210 biceps jerk 2441 1055, 1060, 1061, 1068, 1069, 1070, - growth 210 bicuculline 1052, 1117, 1121, 1126 1071, 1072, 1075, 1079, 1080, 1084, - laminin 210 bifocal 763 1085, 1148, 1151, 1153, 1154 - oligomers 210 biglycan 201 Basch, S. von 6 - polymerization 210 bilateral excitatory (s. also EE) 735, 743 base excess 1578, 1579,2437 - spreading 21 0 bilayers 87 basement membrane 173,174,208, - superhelix formation 210 bile 2431 1894,1918, 1942, 1966 - type IV collagen 210 - acid 1382, 1387, 1400, 2433 - anionic biopolyelectrolytes 173 basilar artery 134, 1919 -- excretion 1374, 1387 - architecture 209 basket cell 807, 1051, 1110, 1116, 1123, -- transport, vesicular 1388 - argentophilic fiber 1942 1125 - ATP-dependent 1387 - basal laminae 208 basolateral membrane 1496, 1499, 1503, - composition of 2431,2432 - bones 173,174 1504, 1505, 1506, 1512, 1532, 1537 - formation 1385 - cartilage 173 - resistance 1519 - human - cell adhesion 174 - voltage 1528 -- composition 1385 - cell behavior 208 basolateral (Na++K+)-ATPase 1318 bile-acid-dependent bile flow 1385 - cell differentiation 208 basolateral trans epithelial voltage 1519 biliary acids - cell migration 174 basolateral uptake systems 1385 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - cell nucleus 1942 basophilic fibroblast growth factor bilirubin 2429, 2433, 2434 - cell regulatory functions 208 (s. also bFGF) 312 - glucuronide 1385 - chondroblasts 173 - basal lamina 312 binaural 735, 737, 739 - collagen 173, 1942 - Cl- channels 312 - cues 748 - connective tissue 1942 - growth cone 312 - facilitation 736 - cornea 174 - Na+ channels 312 - inhibition 736 - disulfide bridges 173 - subunit structure 312 - interaction 750 - elastin 173, 1942 basophils 2430 -- bands 747, 750 - embryogenesis 208 Bax 2414 - neurons 738, 744 - endothelial 208 Bayliss, W.M. 8, 1865 binaural processing 732, 738 - entactin 208, 1942 Bayliss effect 903, 1481, 1485, 1874, - chopper PSTH 732 - epithelial 208 1875, 1877, 1879, 1923, 1925, 1929 binaural response 735, 736, 740, 743 -- cells 210 bcl-2 2414 - chopper response 740 - extracellular ion concentration 1942 BDNF 311 - GABA 740 - extracellular matrix 174 Beaumont, W. 8, 9 - glycine 740 - fat 208 beaver 1506 binding (features) 789,883,1130,1131 - fibroblasts 173 bed nucleus of stria terminalis 1152 binding pockets 164 - glycoproteins 173, 1942 behavior 69, 1738 binding problem 1154 - glycosaminoglycans (GAG) 174 - agressive 371 binocular 766, 767 - heparan sulfate proteoglycan 1942 - amphidynamic 47, 56 biochemistry 7,10,11,14 - hyaluronan (HA) 173 - linear 22 biofeedback 1739 - hydrogen bonds 173 - modification 1739 biological - hydrophobic interactions 173 - nonlinear 22 - clock 387,477 - invasion 174 - olfactory-guided 853 - energy 1425, 1437 - invasive growth 174 - parental 398 - rhythms 1199 -lamina densa 210, 1942 behavioral - therapies 1740 -lamina lucida 210, 1942 - drinking 1563 biomedical - laminin 208, 1942 - physiology 7 - research 15 - matrix ground substance 174 - regulation 2207 biopolyelectrolytes 211 - mesenchymal cells 208 Bekesy, G., von 7 - ionic currents 211

2458 - membrane potential 211 - maldistribution 2067 body cooling 2225 - sympathetic nerve endings 211 - maternal 1913 body mass index 1430 - tissue hydration 211 - medullary 1482 body Na+ 1637 biosynthesis 453 - normokinetic 1781 body position 705 - ofTg 460 - organ 2312 body posture 1875, 1891, 1892 biotransformation 1383 - pulmonary 2040 body scheme 669,980,981,996, 1028, - phase I reactions 1383, 1396 - redistribution of 2314 1061 - phase II reactions 1396 - renal 1476 body surface 2448 bipolar cell 757, 765, 794, 796 - renal medullary 1880 - area 2447 bipolar mania 1156 - saturation of hemoglobin 2310 body temperature 2199 birds 1506 - umbilical 2293, 2309, 2314 - core 2199 birth 1913 - uteroplacental 2294 - hypothalamic temperature 2199 bistability 991 - venous 1891 - measurement 2199 Bizzozero, J. 6 - venous return 2314 - shell 2199 black box 22 blood gases 2437 body volume 1637 blackout 2176 blood glucose 2395 body weight 1463,2447 bladder atonia 1591 - fasting 2395 Boehm, R. 6 bleeding 1910 blood perfusion, increased 1509 Boerhaave, H. blind area 766 blood pressure 21,36,37, 122, 133, 135, Bohr, C. 7 blind spot 882 998,1484,1535,1536,1538,1551,1557, Bohr effect 2053, 2056, 2298 blindness 1626, 1627, 1633, 1634, 1635, 1636, - intracellular pH 1571 - psychic, mind 790 1637,1638,1640,1643,1644,1645, Bohr factor 2053 blindsight 864, 790, 799 1901,1902,1903,1904,1908,1926, Bohr formula 2041,2043 - "completion" 864 1930,1965,2011,2438 - alveolar partial pressure 2042 Blix, M.G. 6 - arterial 1626 - alveolar ventilation 2042 blob 799,800,801,809,813,815,819, - diastolic 1897 - dead space ventilation 2042 825,1115,1117 - measurement 1902 - hyperventilation 2042 a,-blockers 1883 - regulation 1897 - hypoventilation 2042 ~-blockers 1484, 1883, 1922 - systemic 1483 - unequal distribution of ventilation to blockade 270 - systolic 1897 perfusion 2042 blood 1679,1748,1750,1965,2071 blood pressure gradient 569 - V A/Q inequality 2042 - anomalous viscosity 1748 - cerebral 569 Bois-Reymond, E. du 3,5,6,8, 10 - composition 1651,2428 blood reservoir function 1389 Boltzmann's constant 2425 - dissipative structuring 1748 blood supply bolus flow 1771 - fetal 1913 - collateral 2314 bombesin (s. also GRP) 101, 110, 116, - flow 1917,1923, 1924, 1927, 1929, - continous 586 1285 1930,1931,1935,1937,1398 - dependence of cerebral function and bone 468, 1578, 1595, 1597, 1598, 1601, -- perfusion 36, 37, 40 energy metabolism 586 1602,1604,1606,1936,1937,1938, - gas contents 2436 blood viscosity 570, 1538 2247,2397,2446 - losses 1910 blood volume 997, 1552, 1553, 1625, - acid-base balance 1577 - normal values 1652 1633, 1635, 1645, 1892,2429 - blood flow 2439 - portal 391, 396 - intravscular 1867 - border contrast, simultaneous 867 - pseudo-plasticity of 1750 blood-brain barrier 545,579,582,1217, - cancellous 1937 - response coefficient 1748 1554, 1628, 1645, 1710, 1918, 1920, - cortical 1937 - sludging 1777 1967,2212 - fractures 2398 - thixotropy of 1750 - active transport 552 - metabolism 1534, 2444 - venous 1893 - elimination ofW 1574 bone marrow 125, 127, 129, 135, 1484, - visco-elasticity of 1750 - (Na+K')-ATPase 552 1545 - viscometry of 1758 - tunica adventia 1710 - IL-7 127 - volume 1651, 1910, 1930, 1931, 1997 - tunica intima 1710 - IL-8 127 blood and tissue pH 571 - tunica media 1710 bone mass 2398 - acids 571 blood-brain barrier permeability 556 bone morphogenetic factor 1602 - bases 571 - model 556 Botalli's duct 1913 blood brain barrier 160, 538, 1634 - quantification 556 bottom-up approaches 881 blood cell lineages 1681 blood-brain barrier transfer 548 botulinum toxin 329 blood cells 1679 - CO. 548 botulism blood chemistry 2111 - ions 548 - respiratory acidosis 1579 blood clots 1659 - N,o 548 Bouillan-network 63 blood clotting 1988 - 02 548 boundaries 611 blood coagulation 260, 1379, 1659 - polar nonelectrolytes 548 - commissural fibers 611 blood flow 1535, 1781, 1868, 1918, 1919, - Xe 548 - glial boundaries 612 1921, 1932,2438 blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier 552 - keratan sulfate proteoglycan 612 - cerebral 580,1918,1920 blood-group 1656 - roof plate 611 - coronary 1924 - ABO 1656 Bowditch, H.P. 9 - ductus venosus 2314 - incomatibility 1657 Bowman space 1471,1474,1475,1477, - efficiency 2074 blood-nerve barrier 546 1485 - glomerular 1479 blood-retina barrier 546 Boyle, R. 2 - hyperkinetic 1781 blood-testis barrier 1937 BP 618 - hypo kinetic 1781 blur 836 brachlocephalic artery 1919 - intestinal 1422 BNP 386 bradycardia 1606, 1899, 1901 - local 581 Bode plots 26, 27 bradycardiac confusion - local rates 586 body compartments 1545 - cerebral edema 1567

2459 bradykinesia 1069 breath, physiological dead spreath bursting discharge 749 bradykinin 99, 101, 110, 122, 131,996, fraction of the 2147 bursts 317 1479, 1480, 1483, 1502, 1520, 1562, breath-holding 2057 bushy globary cells 737 1633, 1635, 1876, 1877, 1879, 1882, breathing 970, 971, 1744, 2407 - primary like 737 1884,1933,2076,2077,2225 - continous positive pressure 2073 butorphanol 1635 - renin 1478 - dynamics of alveolar pressure 2025 butterfly effect 46 Braille 665,656, 659, 670, 671 - forces involved in 2017 brain 561,585, 1434, 1930,2399,2416, - frequence 2435 C-cell 29, 453 2417 breathing, statics of 2015 c-erb A 465 - abscess 1642 - alveolar capillary membrane 2017 c-fes (s. also protein tyrosine kinases) - aerobic glycolysis 2324 - alveolar ducts 2016 215 - anaerobic glycolysis 2324 - alveolar sacs 2016 C-fiber 133, 1908 - asphyxia 2324 - alveoli 2017 c-fos 129 - atrophy 2399 - anatomical dead space 2016 c-fos-gene 126 - blood flow 2322,2415,2439 - bronchi 2016 c-GMP 906 - catecholamine concentrations 2324 - bronchioles 2016 c-jun-gene 126 - cerebral reflexive -- respiratory 2016 c-kit ligand 1680 vasoconstriction 2323 - capillary endothelium 2017 c-kit protein 1680 - chemoreceptors 2323 - conducting zone 2015 - extracellular matrix 1681 - cholinergic areas 2399 - parietal pleura 2017 c-myb 129 - damage 1082, 1131, 1137, 1141, 1142, - respiratory zone 2015 c-myc 129 1143,1144,1146,1147,1155,1157,2417 - trachea 2016 - gene 126 - edema 547, 1552, 1645 - type II cells 2017 c-src (s. also protein tyrosine - electro cortical activity 2324 - type-I cells 2017 kinases) 215 - energy metabolism in the 581 - visceral pleura 2017 C3-4 propriospinal neurons 1002, 1003, - extracellular space 545 breathing, work of 2026 1014,1024 - fetal breathing movements 2325 - tissue resistance 2026 cA-PK 1950,1958 - fetal cerebral blood flow, autoregulation bretylium tosylate 1639, 1640 CAl 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, of 2323,2324 brightness 793,804,814 1129, 1132 - glutamate 2324 brightness perception 878 CA2 1122, 1123 - graded reduction in umbilical blood Broca Ca'+ 142,253,572,914,915,916,917,927, flow 2322 - area 1137,1140 931,932,1175,1178,1484,1490,1497, - graded reduction in uterine blood - band of 1633 1500, 1502, 1512, 1520, 1532, 1522,1595, flow 2322 Broemser, P. 6 1596, 1598, 1600, 1601, 1602, 1606, - high-energy phosphates 2324 bronchi 133 1722,2351,2446 - high-voltage electrocortical 2324 bronchial s.m.c. 122 - absorbing epithelia 1230 - hypoperfusion 1911 bronchocarcinoma 1566 - absorption 1265, 1485, 1513 - hypoxemia 2323 - hyperhydration 1566 - activated CI- current 850 - imaging 880, 1138 bronchopulmonary venous - activated K+ channel (Kc,) 1950 - interstitial volume of the 552 anatomoses 2074 - activation of the contractile machinery - ischemic 2407 brown fat 2201,2378 1945 - low-voltage activity 2324 Brown-Sequard, C.E. 8 - activity 86, 1527, 2414, 2415 - maternal hypoxemia 2322 Brown-Sequard syndrome 629 -- cytosolic 1230 - N-methyl-D-aspartate (s. also Brownian motion 1974 - antagonists 1484, 1828,2415 NMDA) 2324 bruce effect 854 - AIP 2351 - neuronal death 2324 BrUcke, E. 1, 5, 6, 8 - ATPase 104, 163, 165, 166, 255, 256, - 0, delivery to the cerebrum 2324 - gastrointestinal physiology 5 261,1225,1491,1598,2414,2415 - oxygen radicals 2324 - sensory physiology 5 - binding 105 - parasympathetic tone 2324 Brunner glands 1227 - binding protein 106, 107, 261, 1601 - stem reflex 2417 brush border 236, 1493 - binding sites 166 - tumor 574, 1642 - epithelia 236 - Ca'+ -induced release (s. also CICR) - vessels 160 brush border membrane 1492, 1494, 105,106 - voltage-gated Ca'+ channels 2324 1495, 1531 -- mobilization 108 brain damage, lesion 789, 790, 791, 792, - vesicles 1530 -- oscillation 105 799,801,814,815,816,818,819,823, brushite 1601 -- pool 105 824, 825 a-BIX (s. also a-bungarotoxin) 315 -- spike 105 brain-blood barrier 1889 buffer 1571, 1573 -- wave 105 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 311 - bases 1578 - calmodulin-dependent protein brain-mind 1059, 1091, 1092 - capacity 2416 kinase 1129 brainstem 574,627,628, 647,656, 659, - system 1572 - concentration, intracellular 900 670,671, 794, 797, 798, 805, 911, 913, buffering 2054, 2058 - cytoplasmic 1872 930,987,998,1001,1002,1003,1025, "bug detector" 882 - cytosolic 95, 100, 104, 106, 107, 129, 1028, 1029, 1033, 1035, 1036, 1040, building block 971, 972, 1004, 1009, 130, 142, 145, 1500, 1504, 1505, 1878, 1042, 1047, 1048, 1051, 1054, 1055, 1425, 1431 1882, 2004, 2222 1060,1061,1069,1080, 1082, 1123, 1150, Bulock, I.H. 13 - daily turnover 1550 1151,1152, 1153, 1154, 1897, 1898, Biingner, band of 540 - dependent action potentials 902 2324 bumetanide 1387, 1587, 2222 - dependent K+ channel 272 - functional 2417 a-bungarotoxin (s. also a-BTX) 315 -- protein kinase A 272 brain structures, suprapontine 1620 Burdon-Sanderson, J. 7,8 - ECF 1548 - stimulation and lesions of 1620 BUrke, K. 6 - exchanger 1557 bread 2445 burns 1538, 1591, 1592, 1605 - export 103, 104 breast-feeding 2382 - dehydration 1564 - extracellular 1558

2460 - extrusion 2415 - Na++K+-ATPase 1950 monophosphate) 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, - homeostasis 150, 1352, 1534 - Na+ICa'+ exchanger 1949,1950 105,106, Ill, 122,123,129,133,143, - ICF 1548 - open probability 1948 145,247,459,850,906,1175,1205, - in blood - phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 1209, 1225, 1228, 1353, 1354, 1377, -- respiratory alkalosis 1580 1950 1388,1481,1484,1499,1504,1505, - induced 105 - phospholipase C 1950 1519,1520,1521,1527,1536,1881, - induced Ca2+release 903 - V" receptors 1950 1883, 1886,2224,2225,2236 -influx 100,103,104,105,107,153, - verapamil 1950 - cascade (heterologous desensitization) 156,260,261, 1351, 1949, 1984,2414, Ca2+ channels, voltage-sensitive 1595 96, 97, 99, 103 2416 Calc exchange, energetics 1862 - dependent protein kinase 1716, 1248 -- influx factor (CIF) 104, 105, 107 - cellular level 1858 - type II - intestinal 1527 - energy requirement 1862 - entrainment 1201 - intracellular 1351, 1558 - force-independent component 1862 - G protein 1353 - ionized 1527 - resting metabolism 1862 - phosphorylation 1597 - ions 444 - tissue level 1857 canal of Schlemm 1552 - mobilising hormone 1534 Ca'/Na" exchange 104, 162, 167,261 canalicular 1385 - mobilization 133, 1313 Ca'+ sensitization 905 canalicular secretion 1388 - movement, intracellular 1862 - smooth muscle fibres, "skinned" 905 - regulation of 1388 - oscillation 105, 106, 1352 CA3 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1127, 1129, canaverine 1531 - plasma 1548 1133 cancer 214, 1734, 1738, 1739,2409,2410, - plasma membrane type 165 CA4 1122,1123 2411,2412 - pool 105 cable equations 1219, 1221, 1222 - cells 214 - pump 930,931 cachexia 127,143 - mUlation 215 - reabsorption 1490, 1520, 1522, 1534 CaCl, 1577 - oncogenesis 214 - release 99, 100, 104, 106, 123, 255, - acid-base balance 1577 - progression 214 2224 cadherin family 187, 192 - selection cycles 215 - release channel 965, 1983 - extracellular matrix 192 - tumor development 214 - release factor 107 - embryogenesis 192 - tumor progression 215 - sarcolemmal 906, 1859 - development 192 cancer, medullary thyroid 453 -- calmodulin 1859 - histiogenesis 192 candela 768, 2421 - sarcoplasmic type 165 cADPR (s. also cyclic adenosine canonical circuit 1107,1121 - signaling 535 diphosphate ribose) 105, 107, 108 CAP 719 - store 100, 103, 104, 260, 261 caenorhabditis elegans 961,2414 capacitance 989 - transduction 260 caffeine 104, 105 - "veins" 2007 - uptake 2414 calcarine fissure, sulcus 798 - specific 85 - wave 106, 2271 calciosomes 86 capacitative current 252 Ca'+ action potential 1349, 1350 calcitonin 29,98,452,453, 1490, 1501, capacitative model 105 - Na+ channel 1349 1502,1518,1519,1520,1522,1534, capacity - Ca'+ -sensitive K+ channels 1351 1562,1596,1597,1598,1599,1601, - maximum breathing 2397 - human B cells 1351 1602, 1603 - vital 2397 - voltage-activated K+ channels 1351 calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) capillaries 1403, 1867, 1872, 1880, 1882, Ca'+ channel 101, 103, 104, 109, 156, 313,1421,1876,1894 1888,1889,1890,1893,1895,1920, 157,260,535,853,901,1178,1858,2351 calcitonin- cyclic AMP 1597 1930,1966,1967 - Ca2+ current 1858 calcitriol 1597, 1598, 1599, 1600, 1601, - bed, peripheral 1867 - G-protein 1858 1602, 1603 - density 2065 - intracellular pH 1571 calcium (s. also Cal+) 21,29, 106,2302 - exchanges 1889 - L-type 1126 - calcium induced calcium release (s. also - filtration coefficient 1971 - L-type Ca2+channels 901 (ClCR) 106 - flow, pulmonary 2072 - long-lasting channels 1858 calcium-dependent kinase 106 - pulmonary 1934 - "T" transient 1858 calcium-induced calcium release 104 - recruitment 1909 - T -type 1126 calciuria 1511,1599 - reserve 1928 CaH channel antagonists 1951 caldesmon 231, 232, 898, 908 - volume, maximum anatomic 2071 - Ca'+-activated K+ channels 1952 calmodulin (5. also CAM) 103, 104, 105, "capping" 1715 - diltiazem 1951 106, 107, 111, 130, 142, 166,237,898, capping protein 234 - nifedipine 1951 1054,1452,1872,1878,1880,2353,2245 captopril 121, 132 Ca'+ channels, voltage-dependent 1948, - dependent kinase 106 carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1398 1949 caloric turnover 2442 carboanhydrase 1505 -

2461 carcass 2327 - nontetanizability 1801 caregiving 1726 - hypoxemia 2327 - passive elastic properties 1803 carnivores 1506

-O2 consumption 2327 - refractory period 189 carnosine 852 - 0, delivery 2327 - stress-strain relation 1803 ~-carotene 2410 carcinogenesis 145 - structural peculiarities 1801 carotenoids 2410 carcinoma 469 - subdivisions of the refractory period carotid artery 1919 - medullary 469 1830 carotid pulse 1797 cardiac 929 - supernormal period 1831 carotid sinus 1898, 1899 - arrest 1592, 1606, 1892, 1922,2417 cardiac output 21,40, 198, 1478, 1636, carrier 157, 167, 254, 257, 546 - atria 1905, 1906, 1912 1637, 1642, 1644, 1793, 1889, 1890, - chemically specific 1974 - catheters 1798 1891, 1892, 1893, 1897, 1898, 1907, -loaded 158 - contractility 1908,1910,1917,1924 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 19l3, - protein 150, 2297 - contraction 1923 1917, 1920, 1921, 1925, 1927, 1929, - reaction scheme of 159 - cycle 1897, 1921 1930, 1934, 1997,2040,2146,2311, - topology 159 - death 1920, 1921 2312,2396 - valinomycin 157 - excitability 1606 - adrenals 2311 carrier system 161, 162, 258 - failure 1911,1927,761 - brain 2311 - Ca2+ 258 - filling 1910, 1911 - fetal carcass 2311 - Cl- 258

- force 2002 - heart 2311 - HCO l 258 - function 1892, 1911 - kidneys 2311 - K+ 258 - growth 2002 - small gut 2311 - Na+ 258 - impairment 1911 - venous blood, mixed 2040 carrier-mediated transport 157, 548 - index 2409 cardiac output at rest 2397 carrier-mediated uptake 157 - overfilling 1901, 1911 cardinal point 761, 762 casein 2431 - pacemaker cells 153 cardiocyte 141, 164, 167,912 castration 397 - preload 1912,2008 cardiogenic oscillations 2047 catalase 83, 2410 - rate 2397 - "ideal" alveolar gas 2048 catalepsy 1154 - size 2397 - sequential expiration 2047 cataract 765 - work 1908 - stratification 2048 catastrophe theory 43 - work and power 1816 - VA/Q inequality 2047 catch-like property 921,932 cardiac arrhythmias 1604, 1605 cardiography, impedance 1798 catecholamine 393, 1082, 1355, 1377, - respiratory alkalosis 1580 cardiolipin 88, 89 1435,1451, 1519, 1552, 1562, 1587, cardiac contractility 1605, 1863 cardiomyopathy, familial 1589, 1591, 1596, 1637, 1884, 1886, - myofilaments 1863 hypertrophic 961 1878, 1905, 1908, 1920, 1927, 2002, - Na+ICa2+ exchanger 1863 cardiomyopathy, hereditary 944 2006,2347,2356 - sarcolemma, channel of the 1863 - myosin light chains 945 - acidosis 1581 - SR Ca2+ release 1863 cardioplegic solutions 1841,2416 - actions 1435, 1452 cardiac dynamics cardiorespiratory control 2129 - Cl)-adrenergic catecholamines 2076 - influence of heart rate 1813 - basic patterns of activity 2129 - ~-adrenergic 2076 cardiac excitation 1837 - reflex feedback control 2129 - ~-adrenergic receptor 2356 - autonomic influences on 1837 "cardiorespiratory coupling" - concentration 1452 - contraction coupling 2002 - dorsal respiratory group 2160 - inactivation 1451 - regulation of 2002 - neurons, bulbospinal premotor - norepinephrine 2356 - structural aspects 2002 sympathetic 2160 - receptors 1452 - T tubuli 2002 - ventral respiratory group 2160 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 cardiac fibrillation 1592, 1605 cardiorespiratory network, common - secretion 1452 cardiac muscle 1801 2088 - synthesis 585, 1451 - action potential 1828 cardiorespiratory responses, centrally catecholaminergic 1634 -- general form 1827 evoked 2139 catenins (Cl,~,y) 193 - active length-tension relationship - affective behaviour 2139 - Cl-catenin 193 1805 - defence reaction 2139 -- actin cytoskeleton 193 - active state 1804 - playing dead: the freezing response -- HA V recognition sequence 193 - Ca2+ action potentials 1828 2141 -- molecular clustering 193 - Ca2+ transients 1804 cardiovascular 32, 34, 35, 40, 1007 - ~-catenin - cell-to-cell coupling 1825 - risk factors 1903 -- actin cytoskeleton 193 - contractility 1807 cardiovascular disease 1903,2397,2409 -- HAV recognition sequence 193 - control of relaxation 1808 - coronary heart disease 2397 -- molecular clustering 193 - contraction - ischemic heart diseases 2397 - y-catenin 193 -- afterload 1803 cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms -- actin cytoskeleton 193 -- auxotonic 1803 2320 -- HAV-recogintion sequence 193 -- elementary forms of 1802 cardiovascular response 2308, 2311 -- molecular clustering 193 - excitation contraction coupling 1801, - fetus - intermediate filament network 193 1835 -- immature 2308 catheters, cardiac 1798 - force-velocity relation 1806 -- mature 2308 cation binding sites 165 - frequency dependence of action cardiovascular system 1623, 1941,2409 cation binding, mechanisms of 211 potential duration 1831 - inflammation 1623 cation channel 155, 156 - inotropic state 1807 - normal values 2435 - nonselective 110,153,250, 1547, 1632, - ionic channels 1829 - reflex activation of the 1623 1857 - ionic mechanisms 1828 - urethral obstruction 1623 cation selectivity 1225 - maximum shortening velocity 1807 cardioventilatory reflex control 2167 cation-binding site 165 - mechanical properties 1802 - artificial heart 2168 caudate 1042, 1064, 1069,1072, 1152 - muscular model 1802 - cardiac transplantation 2168 causalgia 342, 653

2462 caveolae 1943 - antigen-presenting (s. also APC) 188, - laminin-binding protein 216 CBF 572,574,2439 1696,1701,1733 - Leydig 2236 - age, changes in cerebral oxygen - apoptosis 216 - local proteolysis 216 consumption with 572 - attachment 216 - locomotion 217 - age, effects of 572 - B 1505, 1506 - lymphatic endothelial 1975 - effects offunctional activity on 574 - basement membrane 216 - Iymphokine-activated killer cells 1740 CBF, determination of local 581 - bipolar 783 - M-CSFR 215 - anesthesia, light thiopental 581 - breast 216 - magnocellular 1629 - blood flow in various gray 581 - bushy globary cells 737 - mast 133, 134 - brain, white structures in the 581 -- primary-like 737 - matrix proteolysis 217 - determination of local cerebral energy - c-erbB 215 - maturation 15 metabolism 581 - c-fms 215 - MDCK 92, 1225 - [J31I]iodoantipyrine 581 - c-sis 215 - mesanglial 1478, 1473, 1536 - trifluoroiodomethane method 581 - cadherin family 2 I 6 - metastasis 217 CBF, regional 575, 584 - cancer 215 - migration 216 - glucose utilization in humans 584 - cancer progression 215 - mitral 847 - humans 575 - carcinoma cells 216, 217 - motility 216,217 - localization of local functional activity - centro-cinar 1327 - mucosal 2077 575 - chromaffin 133 - mUltipolar 731,734 - measurement 575 - clear 2220, 2221, 2222 - muscle 225 CBG (s. also corticosteroid-biding - colon carcinoma 216 -- mulitunit 895 globulin) 477 - crypt daughter 1261 - myc gene family 215 CCD (s. also cortical collecting tubule) - CS proteoglycans 215 - myoepithelial 1311,1327,2220,2221 1485,1502, 1503, 1504, 1505, 1506, - cultured chick pineal 1209 - myosin filaments 896 1507,15111520,1521,1522,1534,1535, - cycle 215,216 - natural killer 1734, 1740 1536,1537,1538 - D 1358 - neoplastic growth 215 ccell, ganglion 784 - dark 1503,2220,2221 - nonmuscle 225 ccells, A 1505 - death 215 - nonpyramidal 746 CCK (s. also cholecystokinin) 101, 1266, - dendritic 1732 - octopus 733 1282, 1296, 1331, 1339 - differentiation 215 - oxyntic 166, 1227 CCK and analogues 1337 - direction-selective 873 - oxytocinergic 380 CCI, 1384 - division 215 - pacemaker 902 CD 1511 - EGFR 215 - pancreatic acinar 2224 CD3 1708 - endocrine 1260 - pancreatic islet 395 CD3 molecule 191 - endometrial stroma 216 - parenchymal (hepatocytes) 1393 CD4 1708 - endothelial 216,1371,1377,1401, - parietal 166, 1247, 1523 CD4+CD45RN 1714,1718,1723 1966, 1967, 1977 - PDGFR 215 CD4+CD621+ 1714,1718 - enterochromaffin 134 - periglomerular 847 - glucocorticoid receptors 1718 - enteroendocrine 1260,1261,1281 - periportal 1576 CD8 1708 - epithelia 162,1217 - peritubular 2241 CD 25 1717 - eukaryotic 217 - perivenous 1576 CD26 1717 - extracellular matrix 215,216 - perivenous scavenger 1393, 1395 CD45 1717 - fat 157, 167 - photoreceptor 275 CD45RA 1709,1717 - fat storing (s. also ITO cells) 1369, - Pit 1369,1371 CD45RA+ 1720 1371 - plasma 1733 - FAE 1721 - feature-sensitive 868 - polarized 79 - prenatal alcohol exposure 1720 - fibronectin 215 - PP 1358 - teratogenicity of alcohol 1720 - fusiform 733 - principal 1226, 1229, 1502, 1503, 1504, CD45RO 1709,1717 - GA 215 1505, 1513, 1537, 1538 CD54RN 1724 - GAG 215 - proliferation 103,215 - TH 1 balance 1724 - gene expression 215 - proteoglycans 215 - TH2 balance 1724 - GH,-cloned 391 - proto-oncogenes 215 CD62L 1710,1717 - giant 731 - pseudopod protrusion 217 CD69 1717 - glial 157, 159, 167 - PTKR-SF 217 CD 71 1717 - globular bushy cells 737 - Purkinje 139

- inositol 1,4,5-triphophate (s. also IP3) - goblet 1260 - pyramidal 746 191 - Goormaghtigh 1481, 1483 - renin-producting 1481 - phopholipase Coy (s. also PLC-y) 191 - granulate 847 - scavenger 1393, 1398, 1400 cDNA - granulosa 2237 - Schwann 537 - rat CI channel 964 - growth 215 - sertoli 2238 ced-9 2414 - heart 142 - "single unit muscle" 895 celarance measurement 1476 - hematogenous metastasis 216 - smooth muscle 895 celiac disease 1156 - hemochorial placentas 216 - spherical bushy cells 732, 734, 737 cell 103 - HS proteoglycans 215 - src oncogene 215 - A 1357, 1506 - IGF-lR 217 - stellate 732, 739 - acini 1327 - insulin grwoth factor-1 receptor 217 - surface 431 - actin cytoskeleton 217 - intercallated 166, 1485, 1503, 1502, - surface HS proteoglycan 215 - activation 217 153~ 1535, 1575, 1588 - surface lam in in receptros 216 - adhesion 215,216 - interplexiform 783 - syndecan 215 - aggregation 192 - invasion 216,217 - taste receptor 855 - amacrine 783, 796 - Kupffer 1369, 1371, 1401 - TGF~ 215 - antiadhesive effects for 186 - laminin 215 - theca 2236

2463 cell (Contd.) cell growth 101, 108 - transient onset 743 - transcription factors 215 cell hypothesis, perivenous scavenger cellular homeostasis 245 - transformation 215 1401 cellular loss 1591 - trophoblasts 216 cell lineage 604 cellule it double bouquet 1110, 1116 - tumor formation 15 - ~-galactosidase 604 cellulose 1269 - tumorigenicity 215 - retroviral gene transfer 604 center-surround cell, organization 805, - type I collagen 215 - retroviruses 604 806, 808, 809, 818 - vasopressinergic 380, 382 cell locomotion 240 central nervous inhibitory synapse 278 - vitronectin 215 cell matrix 187 central nervous system (s. also CNS) - YIGSR recognition sequence 216 cell membrane 87,210,245,246, 1220 467,561,2160,2398 ~-cells 156, 157, 159, 160 - high-density 210 - CNS cells 2398 cell adhesion 182, 185,606 - low-density 210 - glial cells 2398 - extracellular matrix (s. also ECM) 606 cell migration 185 central neural cord 2157 - tenascin 182 cell necrosis 2414 - central command 2157 cell adhesion molecules 202, 606, 1987 cell pH 259 - dorsal vagal nucleus 2158 - cell marker for EC 1988 cell polarity 185 - "fictive" locomotory model 2158 - vascular cell adhesion molecules (s. also cell proliferation 182, 1551, 1987 - H, field of Forel 2158 VCAM) 1988 - intracellular pH 1571 - hypothalamic "locomotor" regions cell and matrix adhesion 216 cell rounding, stimulation of 186 2158 - gelatinase 216 - hemaglutination 186 - nucleus ambiguus 2158 - glioblastoma multiforme 216 - immunosuppression ofT cells 186 - nucleus of the solitary tracts 2158 - glycoproteins, structural 216 - tenascin 186 - paraventricular locomotor region - integrins 216 cell signaling 187 2158 - melanoma cells 216 cell spreading 185 - sensory neuropathies 2159 - RGD recognition sequence 216 cell surface HA receptors CD44 187 - sinusoidal exercise 2159 - tumors, epithelial-derived 216 - cluster of differentiation 187 central nucleus 738 - type IV collagenase 216 - human leukocyte antigens 187 central pattern generator (CPG) 971, - aV~3-vitronectin receptor 216 cell surface receptors 187 973,974,975,978,987,991,1004,1008, -

2464 - regulation of the 569 - attractors 516,517,518 - (Na'-2Cl-K-I symport 554 cerebral energy metabolism 581,584, - correlation dimension 518 - papilloma 1156 585, 587, 590 - deterministic 30, 60 chromaffin 85 - influence of age and development 590 - infrasynergetic 60, 53, 1779 - cells 84, 92, 1882 - normal substrates and products 587 - limit cycle 518 chromium 1554 - substrates and products in vivo 587 -- attractor 518 chromosome 1071, 1076, 1156 cerebral function, local 574 - Lyapunow exponents 518 chronic hypoxemia 2316 cerebral injury - microscopic 60 chronic hypoxemia and fetal growth - respiratory acidosis 1579 - research 43 retardation 2316 cerebral metabolism 580 - self-suprasynergetic 53 - alanine 2316 - cerebral arteriovenous differences 580 - suprasynergetic 60 - catecholamine 2317 cerebral oxygen consumption 585 characteristic delay 739 - cortisol 2316 cerebral vasodilator pathway, characteristic frequency 731 - ~-endorphins 2317 parasympathetic 571 Charcot -Marie-Tooth disease 541 - experimental models 2316 cerebral venous system 562 charge movement 949, 950 - glucagon 2316 cerebroside 88, 90 - Ca2+ indicators 950 - growth-promoting factors 2317 cerebrospinal fluid 545,555,556, 1918, charge sensor 914,916,931 - hypoglycemia 2316 2428 charybdotoxin 272 - hypoinsulinemia 2316 - absorption 555 chemical potential 167,251 - IGF-2 2317 - circulation 555 chemical specifity 1971 - lactate 2316 - formation 555 chemistry - placenta membranes 2316 - pressure 570, 2442 - biological 11 - prostacyclin 2316 - regulation 556 - physiological 11 - triglycerides 2316 cerebrovascular disease 2411, 2412 chemokines 217 chronic renal failure (s. also CRF) 1485, cerebrovascular resistance 570,571 chemoreceptor 1882, 1898, 1928 1535, 1539 cerebrovascular tone 570, 571 chemoreflex control, central 2163 chylomicron 1274 - chemical factor 570, 571 - congenital central hypoventilation - pathway 12794 - neurogenic factor 570 syndromes 2163 chylomicron remnants 1279 cerulein 116, 1324 - pH of cerebrospinal fluid 2164 chylomicrons 1380, 1381, 1434 cerulopasmin 2245 chemosensitivity, central 2120 chymotrypsin 1267, 1329,2432 cervical ganglion 1920 chemotaxis 32, 217, 610, 1881, 1987 CICR (5. also calcium,- calcium induced cervical sympathetic stimulation 571 - adherence 1987 calcium release) 104, 105, 106 cervix 2347 - F-spondin" 610 CIF (s. also Ca 2+ influx factor) 105, 107 - cervical dilatation 2347 chiasm 767 cilia 87, 848 - cervical maturation 2348 Chironomus 141, 142 ciliary CFTR 2224, 2225 Chittenden, R.H. 9 - artery 758 CFU-E 1683 chloride 1322 - body 758,759 - anemia, physiological correction - conductance 850 - ganglion 794 of 1689 - transporting epithelia 258 - zonule 758 - dose responsiveness 1689 chlorpromazine 106 cimetidine 98 CFU-G 1683 chocolate 2445 cingulate 1060,1061,1064 CFU-GM 1683 cholecalcipherol 1598 circadian rhythm 1154, 1199, 1382, 1589 CFU-M 1683 cholecystokinin (s. also CCK) 100, 101, - circadian pacemaker 1200 CFU-S 1681 110, 116, 144,327, 1246, 1296, 1461, - period of 1200 cGMP 95,96,107,108,109,110,111, 1635,2432 circle of Willis 1918,1919 123, 130,247, 254, 1480, 1503, 156, cholehepatic shunting 1389 circling (rotatory, turning) 1142, 1147, 1503, 1560, 1878, 1886 cholera 1262,1263, 1563 1152 - dependent cation channels 275 cholera toxin 96, 97, 11 0 circular current 1222, 1227 - dependent protein kinase 107 cholestasis 1401 circular dichroism 159 -- phosphorylation 1597 cholesterol 84,87,88,89,90,91,466, circulation 2,4,28,929,1866,1917, CGRP (s.also calcitonin gene-related 1271, 1380, 1382, 1385,2237,2429, 1927,1995,2293,2407,2416 peptide) 313,1265,1421,1958 2431,2433 - adipose tissue 1930 chandelier cell 1110, 1115, 1124 cholesterol-7 IX-hydroxylase 1382 - bronchial 1934 changes 1621 cholesterolester hydrolase - cerebral 1918 - conformational 157, 160 - phosphorylation 1597 - coronary 1918, 1920 - hypertrophic 1621 choline 89, 108 - during exercise 1907 - plastic neural 1621 - acetyltransferase 114 I - enterohepatic 1274 - in posture 1631 cholinergic 628,671,988,991,999, 1042, - fetal 1913 channel gating 246, 254 1061, 1078, 1124,1150,1151, 1155, - hypophysial portal 388 channel gene expression 294 1157,2204,2210 -lung 1932 - oocytes 294 - control 2223 - nutritive 1933 channel protein 160, 246, 2297 - fibers 2220, 2224 - penile 1936 channel recording, single 155 - innervation 2224 - "peri capillary" 1974 channel chondroitin 4-sulfate 199,212 - peripheral 1897 - Cl 259 chorda tympani 855 - pulmonary 1889,1890,1891,1904, - cyclic nucleotide-gated 274 chorea 1070, 1071 1933, 1934 - G protein-regulated 156 chorion 1913 - regulatory aspects 1895 - glutamate-activated 156 chorion laeve 2358 -- renal 1918,1924,1925,1927 - K+ 259 choroid membrane 758, 759 - reproductive organs 1934 - like structure 165 choroid plexus 159,255,553,1217,1225, - skeletal 1937 - spatial frequency 874 1483,1918 - skeletal muscles 1927 chaos 31,32,516,518, 1779,2397 - carbonic anhydrase 554 - skin 1930

2465 circulation (Contd.) clamp voltage 155 - antithrombin III 1662 - splanchnic 1929, 1930 Clarke's column 624,626,627,632, 633, - endothelial cells 1663 - systemic 1910, 1995 637, 657 - hemophilia 1665 - thermal stress 1909 classical conditioning 1166, 1167, 1180 - pathophysiology 1665 - thoracic 1899, 1901, 1910 - eyeblink conditioning 1170 - regulation 1663 circulatoryadaption 2375 classification 198 - role of blood cells 1664 - pulmonary vascular resistance 2375 clathrin 84, 166 - tissue factor pathway inhibitor 1662 circulatory centralization 2316,2328 Claude, A. 7 - vitamin K deficiency 1665 - acidemia 2316 claustrum 1115 coagulopathy 1538 - brain 2316 clear cells 2220, 2221, 2224 coated pits 84, 1279 - heart 2316 clearance 2298 cocaine 1883 circulatory failure clearance constant 566 cochlea 237,731,747,751,752 - respiratory acidosis 1579 clearance experiments 1524 cochlear amplifier 721 circulatory regulation 1941 clearance technique 575 cochlear micro phonics 719 - regulation of blood flow 1941 - regional cerebral cortical blood cochlear nucleus 730 - resistance arteries 1941 flow 575 - anteroventral 731 - total peripheral resistance 1941 cleavage furrow 239 - dorsal 731 - vascular wall 1941 climate 2226 - posteroventral 731 circulatory decentralization 2328 climatology 6 cochlear partition 716 circulatory function 2417 climbing fiber 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, code 11 05, 11 07, 1130, 1131 circulatory pressure 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1075, 1080, - ensemble, population 1130, 1132 - mean 1997 1084, 1085, 1086, 1171, 1179 - relational 1131 circulatory shock 1538, 1910, 1977 clinical death 2417 coefficient 1976 circumventricular organs 346, 552, 1564, clofibrate 1642 - activity 86 1628,1639,1918 cloning channel genes 293 - capillary filtration 1973 cirrhosis - DNA-sequences 293 - diffusion 90 - liver 1879 - domaines of the Na+ channels 293 - evaluation endothelial reflection 1975 cisplatin 1565 - electric eel 293 - "solvent drag" 1975 cisterna 913 cloning techniques 16,249, 1223 cognition 669,987, 1046, 1047, 1049, citrate 1572, 1602,2248 clonus 30 1054, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1069, 1071, - alkalosis 1581 closed state 247, 249 1075, 1076, 1077, 1079, 1082, 1084, - cycle 1439 clostridia 87 1085, 1137, 1141, 1142, 1152, 1153, - intracellular pH 1571 - neurotoxins of 87 1154, 1155, 1157 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 CN 732, 733, 738, 739, 751 cognitive 669,987, 1046, 1047, 1049, - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - onset type 739 1054, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1069, 1071, citric acid 2248 - pauser 739 1075, 1076, 1077, 1079, 1082, 1084, citric acid cycle (s. also Krebs cycle) 82, - primary-like 739 1085,1137,1141,1142,1152,1153, 929 - primary-like PSTH 732 1154, 1155, 1157 citrulline 130, 1377, 1531 CNNQX (s. also 6-Cyano-7- - functions 575 CKR-SF 194 nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) 278 - "map" 364, 370 Cl 250,259,275, 1227, 1228, 1319, 1496, CNP 386,617, 1638, 1645 Cohen, S. 7 1499,1519,1549,2222,2225 CNS (s. also central nervous system) coherency of concepts 49 - channel (s. also rCOR) 151, 153, 155, 432,561,603,1483,2398 coil 2222, 2223, 2224 157,274 - plasticity 2399 coincidence detection model 735 - conductance 152, 963, 1227, 1323, CNS ischemia coincidence detector 736 1499,1500,1519,2222,2223,2225,2226 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 coitus 1936 - cotransport 1551 CNS plasticity 535 colchicine 87, 1565, 1598, 1599, 1600 - daily turnover 1550 CNS regeneration 539 cold 1897, 1931 - ECF 1548 CNS tumors cold adaption 2217 - extracellular 1558 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - local adaption 2217 - extrusion 162 CNT (s. also connecting tubule) 1502 cold sensation, paradoxical 677 - G-proteins 275 CNTF 541 - chemical stimuli 677 - HC0 3-rich 1318 CO 275,644 - noxious mechanical 677 - rCF 1548 - poisoning 1565 colipase 1330

- impermeability 222l CO2 587, 1523, 1573, 1574, 1576, 1923, - pancreatic 1273 - intracellular 1558 1999 collagen 123, 174, 178, 1871, 1872, 1873, - and phosphate 2302 - equilibration 2071 1888, 1894,2349 - plasma 1548 - output 2041 -FACIT 174 - reabsorption 1496, 1504 - pK 1572 - fibrillar 174 - receptors 1627, 1640 - pressure 1881 - non fibrillar 174 - secondary active 1334 - response curve 2111 collagen degradation 178 - secretion 122, 1263 - stores 2154 - imino acids 178 - sensor 1640 - transfer of 2298, 2300 - melting temperature 178 - transport 163, 2077 -pressure, partial 2076 collagen family 175 - transporting epithelia 155 a-y-coactivation 1019 - amino acids 176 CI!HCO~3-exchange 1226, 1227, 1387, coagulation 7, 128, 132, 135, 1595, 1659, - collagen genes 176 1496,1547 1872, 1878, 1911, 1989 - connective tissue disorders 176 - extracellular 1558 - blood 7 - fibrillar collagen 176 - intracellular 1558 - factors 1660 - glycine 176

CI!HCO~3-exchangers 1265,1319,1324, - PGI 2 128 - glycine 176 1504, 1558, 1575 - TNF 128 - 5-hydroxylysine 176 CUHCO~3-Na+ exchanger 1496 coagulation inhibitors 1662 - 3-hydroxyproline 176

2466 - 4-hydroxyproline 176 - ocular dominance 799,801,806,809, configurations, ambigous 877 - imino acids 176 825 conformation 158 - osteogenesis imperfecta 176 - orientation 799, 801, 806, 825 conformational channel 157 - point mutations 176 column (cortical) 641,642,643,644, conformational requirements 1529 - proline 176 659, 660 confusion 1645 collagen, post-translational modification columnar arrangement 747 congenital chloridorrhea 176 coma - alkalosis 1581 - asorbic acid 176 - cerebral edema 1567 congestion 1911,1912 - collagen microfibril 176 - hypernatremia 1567 conjunctiva 758, 759 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 176 - respiratory acidosis 1579 connecting tubule (s. also CNT) 1472, - endoplasmic reticulum, rough 176 commissural pathway 738 1485, 1502, 1508, 1536 - lysine hydroxylase 176 commissural projections 750 connectionism 983 - proa-chains 176 "common everyday trance" 1737 connections, stabilization of 614 - pro collagen 176 communication 139 - NMDA 615 - proline hydroxylase 176 - cell-to-cell 139, 142 - plasticity 614 - propeptides 176 compaction 192 - receptors 615 - scurvy 176 - blastomeres 192 - visual cortex 614 - triple helix 176 - cadherin 192 connective tissue 173, 1894 - tropocollagen 176 - cytoplasmic domain 192 - supporting tissue 173 - vitamin C 176 - EF-hand motif 192 connective tissue disorders 180 collagenase 1602, 1986 - embryonic development 192 - achondrogenesis II 180 collagenous proteins 174 - gap junctions 192 - Alport syndrome 180 - corium 174 - implantation 192 - congenital contractural - blood vessel 174 - intercellular adhesion 192 arachnodactyly 180 collateral blood supply 2314 - intercellular junctions 192 - cystrophic epidermolysis bullosa 180 collateral - polarity 192 - ectopia lentis 180 - recurrent 991,999 - single-pass transmembrane domain - Ehlers-Danlos 180 collecting duct (s. also CD and CCD) 192 - epidermolysis bullosa simplex 180 122, 166,260, 1225, 1229, 1490, 1491, - tight junctions 192 - Kniest dysplasia 180 1497,1499,1501, 1502, 1505, 1506, compartmentalization 86, 1107 - Marfan syndrome 180 1508,1509,1510, 1512, 1513, 1518, compartmentation 1372 - spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia 1520,1524, 1536, 1559, 1590, 1637, complement 1703, 1734, 1740 conge nita 180 1641, 1886, 1902 - alternative pathway 1703 - Stickler syndrome 180 - cortical 1472,1485, 1492, 1531 - system 1742 - supravalvular aortic stenosis 180 - medullary 1472, 1531 complex cell 806,807,808,810,1118 connexin 139, 140, 141, 144 -- inner 1472, 1510 complex spike 1052, 1053, 1054 connexin 43 (s. also Cx-43) 2352 - summary of functions 1506 compliance 1890, 1891, 1892,2072,2436 - ~-adrenoreceptor agonists 2353 collecting tubule (s. also collecting duct, compressive pressure 2074 - cAMP 2352 CD, CCD) 1223,1498, 1505, 1509, compressive strength 198 - prostacyclin 2353 1637, 1641, 1645, 2222 computer program as physiology text 76 connexon 139, 140, 141 - cortical 1507 computerized emission tomography 584 Ul-conotoxin 273, 319 - papillary 1485 concentrated urine 1506 - G-protein 273 collective phase transition 47 concentrating ability 1506,1509,1510, conscious (s. also consciousness) collective phenomena 47 1532, 1591, 1644,2439 consciousness 587,661,770,790,799, College de France 8 concentrating mechanisms 1510 981,1025, 1029, 1060, 1062, 1068, 1076, collicular topography 841 concentration 2423 1083,1091,1105,1113,1126 - stratum griseum intermedium 841 - gradient 157 - altered levels of 592 colliculus superior 839 concentric 918 - level of 574 - eye 840 concept of purpose 72 consenzualization, synergetic 53 - neck 840 - monitoring of behavior 72 consolidation 1172 - spinal cord 840 - specification of a goal 72 constant electric field 253 colloid 453, 456 concepts 21 constant field assumption 151 colon 122, 163, 166,257, 1218, 1223, conditioned fear 1165 constituents of food 2444 1225,1226,1228, 1536, 1589, 1590,2222 conditioned stimulus 1167 constriction 122 - distal 1637 conditioning 1739 - neurogenic 1889 colonic crypts 2224, 2225 - instrumental, operant 1077 contact lens 765 colony-stimulating factor 1873 conductance 151, 152,249,252, 1223, contact-mediated communication 1982 colony-stimulating factor I 129 1755,2007 contercurrent concentrating mechanisms color 766, 793, 804, 808, 809, 813, 814, - fractional 151,252 1506,1501 815,816,818,820,821,822,824,825, - hydrodynamic 1755 contercurrent concentrating system 876,1114,1115,1116,1117,1130,1131 - regulation of 1770 1489 - constancy 816,820,821,822,881 - systemic vascular 2007 continence 1611, 1620 - opponency 809, 812 conduction 1962 - suprapontine control 1620 - opponency theory (Hering) 796, 809 - air 715 contingent negative variation 1062 color aftereffect, orientation-contingent - bone 723 contours 876 - nerve 6 - explicit 880 column 799,1115,1116,1117,1118, - velocity 284 - implicit 880 1120,1121,1128,1129,1130,1131, - veins 2007 - incomplete 881 1132, 1134 conductivity contraceptive 397 - EE 747 - hydraulic 1972, 1973, 1973 contractile apparatus 925, 932, 961 - EI 747 cone 757,764,765,769,793,795,808, - diseases of the 961 - hypercolumn 799 809 contractile machinery 1945

2467 contractility - smooth muscle 901 1144, 1148, 1153 - cardiac 1892 corpus albicans 2243 - temporal auditory 576 - ventricular 1905 corpus callosum 642, 645, 668, 745, 750, - visual 574,576, 644, 645, 659, 671, 771, contractions 130 794,797,822,824,1114,1137,1148, 839,1110,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116, - cA-PK 1944 1153, 1155 1117,1119,1126,1128,1129,1140 - dephosphorylation of myosin 1944 corpus cavernous 1935 -- association areas 839 - MLCK 1944 corpus luteum 1934, 1935, 2242 -- catecholaminergic nuclei 839 - myosin light chain kinase 1944 correlation 872 -- cerebellum 839 - myosin light chain phosphatase - reversed 872 -- occipital lobe 839 (MLCP) 1944 cortex 42, 987, 1012 -- parietal cortex 839 - phosphorylation of myosin 1944 - anterior cingulate 629 -- prefrontal cortex 839 - relaxation 1944 - association 261, 1033, 1055 -- reticular areas 839 contralateral-excitatory ipsilate - auditory 738,740,1119,1139,1143 -- temporal lobe 839 ral-inhibitory (s. also El) 743 - cerebral 33,40,42,691 cortex, cerebral 691 contrast 47,657, 796, 797, 802, 804, 805, - cingulate 669, 1047, 1061, 1068, 1124, - anterior cingulate gyrus 691 806,809,814,818 1152 cortex, cingulate 369, 372 - orientation 875 - entorhinal 802, 1043, 1122, 1123, 1124, - prefrontal 369 - sensitivity function 874 1127, 1152 Corti, organ of 716 - simultaneous 796 - extrastriate 1148 cortical area, secondary 749 control 21,22,69 - frontal 645,1042,1046,1049,1061, cortical collecting tubule (s. also - food intake 854 1064,1079, 1137, 1140, 1141, 1144, CCD) 1473 - goal 70 1147, 1148, 1152, 1153 cortical field, primary auditory 747 - homeostatic 33 - inferotemporal 802,814,815,816,817, cortical granules 2271 - hypothalamic 398 819,820,823,824,825,1068, 1130, 1131 cortical influences 2108 -- reproductive 398 - insular 802, 1046, 1144 - limbic cortex 2108 -- sexual functions 398 - motor 574, 642, 643, 663, 820, 1034, - muscles 2108 - system 70 1035,1036,1049,1055,1119,1120,1148 - nociceptive fibers 2109 control accomplished under constraint - occipital 771, 1046, 1140, 1144 - speech 2108 74 - occipitotemporal 816 - voluntary apnea 2108 - objective function 74 - orbitofrontal 1142 cortical magnification factor 865 control, adaptive 74 - parietal 791,792,802,814,815,816, corticocollicular projections 749 - autonomy 75 820, 824, 825, 1034, 1046, 1060, 1085, corticocortical projections 750 - learning 75 1140, 1144, 1147, 1148, 1150 corticofugal 1113 - system or environment changes 74 - piriform 802, 1152 corticoliberin 1453 control system - postcentral 1033 corticomotoneuron 1036, 1037, 1038, - dynamics of the 2009 - posterior parietal 629, 642, 643, 659, 1039,1040,1041,1054,1119,1120 - feedback 70 668,669,791,816,819,1033,1043, corticonuclear complex 1055 - loop 71 1066, 1067, 1068, 1078, 1084, 1146 corticospinal 624, 636, 988, 991, 992, control theory 77 - prefrontal 372,643,663, 668, 792, 793, 1002, 1003, 10 13, 10 14, 1014, 1034, - artificial intelligence 77 824, 1046, 1049, 1061, 1064, 1068, 107l, 1035, 1038, 1041, 1048, 1069, 1080, 1083 - knowledge engineering 77 1084, 1086, 1145, 1148, 1152 corticosteroid (s. also CS) 124, 1735 controllability 73 - premotor 1033, 1035, 1037, 1055, 1061, corticosteroid-binding globulin (s. also controller 28, 29, 39 1065, 1070, 1078, 1079, 1080, 1084 CBG) 477 convection 1974, 1975 - primary auditory 802, 1139 corticothalamic 800, 1113 convergence 499, 712 - primary motor (MC, Ml) 628, 629, - feedback 740 - inhibitor 499 643, 668, 1013, 1022, 1025, 1033, 1035, - projections 750 - summation 499 1036, 1037, 1040, 1041, 1043, 1054, corticotropin 1453 convergence-projection theory 684 1055, 1062, 1064, 1065, 1068, 1069, - releasing factor 1634, 1735 converting enzymes 1552, 1560, 1640 1070,1074,1078,1112 - releasing hormone 2245 convulsion 1156, 1588 - primary sensory 1112, 1132 cortisol 27,33,36,37, 1453, 1714, 1721, coping 1726 - primary somatosensory (s. also S1) 1723 - styles 1741 627, 628, 629, 637, 638, 640, 642, 643, - actions 1453 coprolalia 1071 645,658,659,663,664,665,667,668, - concentration 1453 coproporphyrin 2433, 2434 669,670,673,691,1115,1117 - inactivation 1453 cor pulmonale 2076 - primary visual (striate, VI) 793, 797, - permissive action 1454 cordotomy 680, 1616 798,799,800,801,804,805,806,807, - secretion 1453 coriolis effect 52 808,810,813,814,820,823,824,825, - synthesis 1453 corium 1931 1048,1107,1112,11114,1115,1116, cotransmitter 116 cornea 758,759,761,763,2416 1118, 1130, 1155 cotransport 1485 corneal reflex 2441 - secondary somatosensory (s. also - system 1491 cornu ammonis (CA) 1107,1122 SIl) 628, 629, 639, 642, 643, 645, 660, cotransporter 257 corollary discharge 975, 1060, 1077 667,668,669,670,691,802 counter flow 1507 coronaries 123, 1884 -- SI 691 countercurrent concentrating coronary - sensorimotor 574 mechanisms 1485, 1507, 1510, 1531 - blood flow 2416 - somatosensory 645,661,808, 820, countercurrent concentrating system - chemoreflex 2000 1013, 1035, 1040, 1043, 1046, 1062, 148~ 1506, 150~ 150~ 1519 - circulation 1880,2397 1067,1078,1079,1119,1148 countercurrent exchange 140 - constriction 135 - superior parietal 668, 669 countercurrent system 1506, 1510 - flow 1921 - supplementary motor 643, 668, 802 counterion condensate 212 - occlusion 2396 - supplementary somatosensory 639, - collagen 212 - perfusion 1922 641,645,668 - crown ethers 212 - reserve 1921 - temporal 802,814,816, 1079, 1082, - elastin 212

2468 - macropolic polyethers 212 - corticosterone 406 Cushing syndrome 1903 - negative fixed charges 212 - cortisol 406 Cushny, A.R. 6 - proteoglycans 212 - deoxycorticosterone 406 cutaneous 975, 1002, 1027, 1035, 1067, countertransporter 257 - ketoconazole 405 1079, 1082, 1130 coupling 142, 456, 884 - metyrapone 405 - receptor 996, 1003 - cell-to-cell 142 - mitotane 405 Cx-43 2352 - electrical 145 - pregnenolone 406 6-cyano-7 -nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione - excitation-contraction 947 - progesterone 406 (s. also CNQX) 278 - mechanochemical 941 - trilostane 405 cycle COX (s. also cyclo-oxygenase) 2351 CS-genome interaction 416 - menstrual 398 - COX-2m RNA 2351 - androgen (AR) 416 - ovarian 397 CP-450-mono-oxygenase 119 - calcitriol (D,R) receptors 416 cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose cramp 991 - estrogen (ER) 416 (s. also cADPR) 95, 105, 108 Crane specifity 158, 160, 1530 - glucocorticoid (GCR) 416 cyclic adenosine monophosphate (s. also creatine 931,1469,1470, 1475, 1476, - mineralocorticoid (MCR) 416 cAMP) 95, 97, 1205 1485, 1490, 1539, 2301, 2429, 2434 - progesterone (PR) 416 cyclic AMP (s. also cAMP) 1128, 1247, - phosphotransferase 929 - receptor superfamily 416 1263, 1451 creatine phosphate (s. also CrP) 915, - steroid-receptor complex 416 cyclic GMP (s. also cGMP) 106 917,927,929,931,932 CS hormones, excess of 425 cyclic guanosine monophosphate 95, 850 cremasteric reflex 2441 - Cushing's syndrome 425 cyclin 101, 1716 creatinine clearance 2438 - MCS, apparent excess (AME) 425 cyclo-oxygenase (s. also COX) 2351, CRF 1485, 1529, 1539, 1540, 1541 - ouabain, endogenous 425 117,119,121,123,132,135,1536, CRH (adenocorticotropin ACTH-releasing CS, convective transport of 414 1878 hormone) 388, 390, 391, 393, 394 - bile acids 415 - COX-2mRNA 2351 - paracrine effects 390 - corticosteroid-binding globulin - PGH 123 cristae 82 (CBG) 414 - TXA. 123 critical concentration 229 - ~-glycyrrhetinic acid 415 cyclophosphamide 1565 critical events 45 - ll~-HSD, inhibition of 415 cyclopian 767,768 critical period - spironolactone 414 cyclosporine 1903 - prismatic displacement 842 - testosterone-binding globulin cylopean image 876 critical supply distance 1971 (TeBG) 414 Cyon, E., de 8 criticality, selforganized 61 - transcortin 414 cysteate 1531 Crohn's disease 1156 CS, lack of 424 cysteine 107, 1531, 1577,2428 cromakalin 11ll - Addison's desease 424 cystic fibrosis 1223, 1263, 1551, 1563, cross-bridge 916,918,919,923,925,930, .- congenital adrenal hypoplasia 425 1642,2219,2221,2223,2225,2226,2433 931,939,1872,1947 - CS biosynthesis, impairment of 425 cystic fibrosis transmembrane - rigor state 940 - GCS antagonists 425 conductance regulator (s. also CFTR) - X-ray diffraction pattern 940 - hyperaldosteronism 425 2224 crossed olivo cochlear bundle 752 - hypercortisolism 425 cystinuria 1531 crossbridge cycles 896, 1947 - hypoaldosteronism 425 cytoadhesins 189, 191, 1988 - Ca2+ release, agonist-induced - insufficiency, primary adrenal 424 cytoarchitectonic 1034 Ca 2+ 1947 - insufficiency, secondary or tertiary cytoarchitecture ll07, 1109 - Ca2+ store, intracellular 1947 adrenal 425 cytochalasin 87,158,159 - cycling phosphorylated - MCS antagonists 425 cytochrome oxidase 799,800,809,814, crossbridges 1947 CSF 1873, 2442 825,1115 - cycling rate 1947 CTAL (s. also thick ascending limb of - complex 83 - energy consumption 1947 loop of Henle) 1485, 1507, 1509 - stain 870 - force development 1947 CTH 1713 cytochrome P"o 1383, 1878, 1881,2237, - isotonic shortening velocity 1947 CTX 253 2410 - latch bridges 1947 Cu'- 2428 cytochrome-P-450-mono-oxygenase - myosin phosphorylation 1947 cue invariance 884 117,121 - non cycling or slowly cycling "cuffs" 2076 cytokines 111,123,124,127,128,130, dephosphorylated cross bridges (latch cultures 1229 135,188,202,239,612,394,1380,1732, bridges) 1947 cumulus mass 2268 1733,1740,1744,1882,1986,2245, - shortening speed 1947 cuneate 2350,2413,2414 - tension maintenance 1947 - funiculus 624, 625, 626, 637 - a-chains 188 cross-correlation 1118 - nucleus 626,627,637,638,671 - ~-chains 188 - histogram ll18, 1120 cupulae 697 - divalent-binding sites 189 cross-sectional area 1867, 1870, 1890 cupular organs 704 - G-CSF 128 cross striation 912 curare 315 - GM-CSF 127 CrP 915,917,927,929,931,932 - respiratory acidosis 1579 I domain 189 crush 1592 CURL 84,166 - IL 124, 128, 129 - syndrome 1538, 1591 current 1220, 1221, 1223, 1224 - integrins 188 cryogenic block 749,750 - circular 1220 cytoskeletal 81,259 crypt cells 1419 - density analyses 513 - elements 1967 cryptus ofLieberkiihn 1260 - voltage curves 153 - proteins 86, 187 CS (s. also corticosteroid) biosynthesis, - voltage relations 151, 152, 153,1219 cytoskeleton 80, 85, 88, 106, 225, 230, inhibition of 405 - voltage relationship 164 236, 238, 1223, 1374, 2399 - aldosterone 406 Curtis, J.G. 9 - platelet 238 - aminoglutethimide 405 curves 1615 - spectrin-based 236 - androstenedione 406 - pressure-volume 1615 cytosol 85, 86, 150, 245, 246, 252, 2428, - corticosteroid biosynthesis 407 - tuning 875 2430

2469 cytosolic Ca2+ 100, 101, 126, 131, 260, - brain 2316 - kidney 1565 261 - heart 2316 - sweat 1565 cytosolic composition, measurement decibel 711 deiodinase 457, 458, 464 1220 decidua 2350, 2358 deiodination 451,457,463 cytosolic ion activities decompression sickness Dejours test 2165 - measurement 1222 - "the bends" 2183 delay, characteristic 735, 736 cytosolic - bubble formation 2183 delayed non-matching sample 1162, - inhibitor 254 - Henry's law 2183 1166 - osmolality 259 - saturation diver 2183 delayed rectifier channel 272 - pH 260, 1521, 1523, 1537,2414,2415 decorin 201, 206 - outwardly rectifying 272 cytotoxic 1120 decrement demeclocycline 1641, 1645 - drugs 1592 - in cardiovascular function 2395 dementia 1069, 1071, 1079, 2407 - reaction 1701 - in nervous function 2395 dementia of the Alzheimer's type 574, cytotoxicity - in renal functions 2395 2399 - antibody-dependent cell mediated - in gastro-intestinal function 2395 dendritic cells 1732 1734, 1740 - in immune functions 2395 densensitization 317 - in muscoloskeletal function 2395 dentate 1047, 1049, 1050, 1064, 1072, D cells 1358 deep cerebellar nuclei 628, 1047, 1049, 1073, 1074, 1075, 1076 D-( -)-2amino-5-phosphonovalerate 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1055, 1074, - gyrus 479, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, (s. also D-APV) 278 1079, 1081, 1085 1126, 1127, 1129, 1133, 1153 D-allose 1530 deep nephrons, superficial 1506 [14C]deoxyglucose method 582, 583, d-amphetamine 1152 defense mechanisms 1785 584 D-APV (s. also D-( -)-2amino-5- - unspecific 1785 - quantitative autoradiography 582 phosphonovalerate) 278 degenerative diseases 2410 [14C]deoxyglucose-6-phosphate 583 D-aspartate 1531 degradation 1957 - glucose utilization per unit mass of D-fructose 1530 - adenylyl cyclase 1958 tissue 583 D-galactose 1530, 1558 - Ca2+ channel, voltage-dependent - thermo sensitive neurons 2213 D-glucosamine 1530 1958 2-deoxy-D-glucose 159, 582, 583, 1529, D-glucose 149, 157, 158, 160, 161, 167, - Ca2+ channels, voltage-sensitive 1958 1530 1228, 1229, 1230, 1490, 1500, 1506, - Ca 2+ influx 1958 2-deoxy-D(I4C]glucose 582 1527,1558,2416,2429 - Ca2+ATPase 1958 3-deoxy-D-glucose 1530 - cotransporter 1530 - cAMP-dependent protein kinase 6-deoxy-D-glucose 1530 - production 1494 (cA-PK) 1958 deoxyhemoglobin 2052 - reabsorption 1491, 1528, 1529 - capsaicin 1958 - 02 capacity 2052 D-hormone 1597 - cholera toxin 1958 - 02 saturation 2052 D-mannose 1530 - epinephrine 1958 depolarization 267, 2414 D-tubocurarine 315 - glibenclamide 1958 depression 842,1718,1725 d'Arsnoval, J.A. 8 - glucocorticoids 1957 - long-term (LTD) 1053, 1054, 1078, D I receptor 1536 -Gs protein 1958 1082, 1126, 1129, 1131, 1122 DAG (s. also diacylglycerol) 89, 99, 100, - hyperpolarization 1958 - synaptic 998 102, 10~ 10~ 109, Ill, 144, 11~ 11~ - inotropism, negative 1958 depth (stereoscopic) perception 792, 123, 126, 131, 133, 191, 1313, 1716,2224 - K+ channel opening 1958 793, 804, 807, 809, 811, 813, 816, 818, daily intake, recommended 2446 -KATP channel 1958 825, 876 - amino acids 2446 -Kc, channels, delayed rectifier 1958 - of focus 764 - carbohydrate 2446 - neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related - perception 1130 - electrolytes 2446 peptide (CGRP) 1958 depth cue, secondary 877 - fat 2446 - second messenger cAMP 1958 dermatan 4-sulfate 212 - protein 2446 - sex steroids 1957 dermatan sulfate 199 - vitamines 2446 - thyroid hormone 1957 dermatome 635, 636, 2440 daily requirement, recommended 2444 - vasoactive intestinal peptide dermis 1931 dairy products 2445 (VIP) 1958 desaturation 566 Dale's principle 327 - vasodilatation 1958 Descartes 2 dalton 2423 - VIP receptor 1958 description in time 75 Dalton, J.e. 7,9 degrees of freedom 977 - history of the stimulus in time 75 dark cells 1503, 2220, 2221, 2224 dehydrate 2216 - memory 75 darkness perception 878 - culatory collapse 2216 description, quantitive 70 Darwin 14 - endotoxemia 2216 desensitization 1957 Dastre, A. J. 8 - hypovolemia 2216 desmocollin 192 DCN 733,734,737,739,751 - sweating, inhibit 2216 desmoglein 192 dDAVP (AVP) 1630 dehydration 1564, 1565, 1631, 1636, desmosomes 80, 81, 192, 1223, 1871 DDM 1361 1644, 1645 desoxycorticosterone 1644 dead space 2041 - ADH 1565 "deterministic chaos" 30 - ventilation 2032 - diarrhea 1565 deuteranopia 6 dead time 26, 30 - diarrhetic 1565 development 331,483 death 2231,2407,2417 - fever 1565 - basal forebrain cholinergic system 485 - causes of 2407, 2411, 2412 - hepatic failure 1565 - CA3 region 485 - clinical 2417 - hypertonic 1564 - hippocampus 485 - definition of 2407, 2416, 2417 - hyperventilation 1565 - learning 485 - rates 2409 - hypodipsia 1565 - neural tube 357 - statistics 2409, 2411, 2412 - hypothalamus 1565 - ontogenetic 331 decentralization 2316 - hypotonic 1564 - thyroid hormone 485 - vascular resistance 2316 - isotonic 1564, 2225 dexamethasone 17l3,1714

2470 dextrans 1474 - distances for 86 - hypokinetic 1069,1086 DG 904 - electrodiffusion 157 - lymphoproliferative 1735 DHEA-S 1714,1719,1723 - facilitated 157, 1372 - mental 1155, 1156, 1157 - neuroendocrine-immune interaction - flow-limited 1969 - motor, movement 1073, 1077, 1084 1715 - free 1968 - obsessive 1071 - THlITH2 shift 1714 -lateral 92 disparity 767,802,804,810,811,812, DHP receptor 948, 949, 965 - nonionic 150, 151, 1372 813,814,815,816,818,836 - Ca 2+ transient 950 - oxygen 2064 - detector 870

- a l subunit of the 965 - restricted 1968,1970,1975 dispersion 1754 diabetes 381, 1903 - simple 157 Disse, space of 1369 - acidosis 1581 - in tissues 1971 dissipative structuring 45, 59, 1750 - a-adrenergic agonsits 1565 - voltage 1496, 1501 dissociation of sensations 629 - CO poisoning 1565 digestion 1930 distal - diphenylhydantoin 1565 - coupling of motility 1259 - colon 1641 - ethanol 1565 digestive enzymes 1309, 1315 - convoluted tubule (s. also DT and - insipidus 381, 1505, 1565, 1641 digitalis 167,256,1521,1591,1592 CNT) 1472, 1492 - opiate 1565 - glycosides 1591, 2000 - tubular acidosis 1591 - phosphate 1606 digitoxin 256 - tubular flow rate 1537 diabetes mellitus 1361,1491,1530 dihydropyridine 273 distal tubule (s. also DT, CCD, CNT) - blood glucose concentration 1361 - Ca" release 948 168, 1226, 1230, 1485, 1502, 1510, - dehydration 1564 - receptors (s. also DHP) 104,948 1512, 1513, 1520, 1522, 1526, 1531, - metabolic acid 1580, 1581 dihydrotestosterone 2236 1535, 1537, 1538, 1559, 1637, 1641, diabetic 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol 1482 1645 - coma 574 diiodotyrosine 453, 454 - convolutes 1508 - ketoacidosis 574 dilation - early 1507 - patients 133 - flow-dependent 1876, 1877, 1878, distensibility 2072 - status 1586 1927 - of recruitment 2073 diacylglycerol (s. also DAG) 89,99,101, diluting distensible 2074 108,116,904,905,1313,1449,1716, - capacity 1506 disturbances of 0, supply 2065 2224 - segment 1498 disulphonic stilbenes 258 diagonal band (Broca) 1115,1124,1151, - system 1506 "disuse" 2398 1154 dimorphic regions 398 dithioerythrol 107 dialysis 1470, 1539, 1540, 1541 diopter 736 diuresis 382,1511,1513,1536,1560, diameter 86 dipeptides 1531 1633, 1635, 1638, 1642, 1885, 1899 diapedesis 1888, 1987 diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (s. also - cold 382 diaphragm 998 DPC) 1319 - pressure 1900,1901,1902,1904 diarrhea 1548,1563,1565, 1604, 1605, diphenylhydantoin 1565,1601 diuretics 1504,1509, 1512, 1535, 1590, 1643 2,3-diphosphoglycerate 1605, 2053 1600, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1605, 1633, - acidosis 1581 - carboxyhemoglobin 2054 1643, 1644, 1645, 1912 - alkalosis 1581 - CO, equilibrium curve 2054 - alkalosis 1581 - dehydration 1564, 1565 - ferrihemoglobin 2054 - mechanisms of action 1511 diarrhoe (s. also diarrhea) 107, 1535 - fetal hemoglobin 2054 diurnal rhythm 479 diastole 1888, 1922 - methemoglobin 2054 - food entrainable clock 479 diastolic filling 1905 - myoglobin 2054 - supra chiasmatic nucleus (s. also SCN) diastolic pressure 2435 2,3-diphosphoglycerol 1605, 2053 479 dicarboxylates 1393, 1532, 1533 diphosphonate 1601 divergence 712 dichloroisoproterenol 98 direction sensitivity 649,650,651,653, diving 2057 dideoxy-vasopressin 1642 660,663,664,665,667,668,669,673 - absolute atmosphere 2181 DIDS 152,153,254,258,275 - specificity 808,810,811,813,815,816, - adaptions 2189 diencephalon 1061,1076, 1151, 1152 818,1117,1122 - Boyle's law 2182 diesterase 96, 98, 105, 109 disease states 489 - breath-hold 2187 diet 1429, 1537 - antisocial behavior 490 - breath-hold termination 2188 - 00-3 fatty acids 1429 - anxiety disorders 490 - caisson 2181 - antioxidants 1429 - depression 490 - "competition" dives 2187 - eastern Asian 1429 - developmental learning disorders - Dalton's law 2182 - essential nutrients 1429 490 - hyperbaria 2181 - fiber 1429 - epilepsy, catamenial 489 - "hyperbaric chamber" 2181 - Japanese 1429 - jet lag 490 - hyperventilation 2189 - mediterranean 1429 - late luteal phase dysphoric disorder - pulmonary gas exchange 2188 - phosphate 1526 (s. also LLPDD) 489 - reflex 1928 - vitamins 1429 - Parkinson' s disease 490 - respiratory mechanics 2187 - western 1429 - premenstrual tension 489 - RV 2187 dietary manipulation 2155 - schizophrenia 490 - TLC 2187 dietary triglycerides 1381 - sex differences in the occurence of dizziness 697 differentiation 431 disease 490 DNA 80,81,82 differentia tor 23, 26 - social stress, severe 490 - damage 2410 diffuse noxious inhibitory controls - substance 490 - modification 2410 - acupuncture 688 disinhibition 60 - repair 1724, 2409, 2410, 2411 - counter-irritation 688 disorder 1060, 1069, 1071, 1075, 1085 DNA-binding domain 416 diffusion 150, 1968, 1974,2037 - autoimmune 1735 - consensus responsive elements 416 - capacity 2436 - compulsive 1071 - heat shock protein (HSP90) 416 - coefficient 2046 - hyperkinetic 1069, 1070, 1085 - steroid-receptor interactions 418

2471 DNDS 258 dualism 1091 - Einthoven's triangle 1848 DNLL 737, 738, 739 duBois, E.F. 14 - form and nomenclature 1843 do am in combination 195 Duchenne muscular dystrophy 962 - genesis of the 1844 Dohrn, A. 10 duct of Arantius 1913 - Goldberg's leads 1848 domain association 195 ductal - integral vector 1845 - chaperone protein homology 195 - autonomic control 1324 - lead systems of ECG recording 1847 - fibronectin type III repeats 195 - electrolyte transport 1324 - QRS-axis orientation, types of 1849 domain diversification 195 - protein secretion 1319 - relation between ECG waves and domain duplication 195 - transport 1323 cardiac excitation 1844 domain, SH-2 444 ducts 1327,2224,2224,2226 - use in diagnosis 1850 - diacylglycerol 444 - collecting (s. also CCD, CT) 1226, - vector loops 1846 - inositol triphosphate 444 1228 - vectorcardiography 1846 - phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase 444 - excretory 1310 - Wilson's leads 1848 - phospholipase Cy (PLCy) 444 - glandular 1219 ECM (s. also extracellular matrix) 606 - ShC 444 - "granular" 1312 ecrine sweat 2219 - Src protein 444 - intercalated 1310, 1327 ectoderm 603, 1719 Donnan equilibrium 2056 - intralobular 1323 - neurohistogenesis 603 DOPA 585 - striated 1310, 1320, 1321 - percursor 604 dopamine 98, 325, 396, 398, 585, 1044, - sweat 1226 ectosylvian gyri 745 1045,1046, 1051, 1055, 1061, 1068, - system 1317 eczema 1743 1069, 1070, 1071, 1083, 1084, 1086, ductuli efferentes 2247 EDCF (s. also endothelium-derived 1124, 1141, 1148, 1150, 1151, 1152, ductus contracting factor) 1984 1154, 1156, 1157, 1479, 1518, 1536, - arteriosus 2071 edema 135, 1539, 1540, 1552, 1565, 1642, 1561,1562,1635,1637,1645,2076 - deferens 2247 1644, 1789, 1873, 1881, 1895, 1907, - cyclic AMP (s. also cAMP) 1597 - venosus 2309 1911, 1930, 1968, 1972, 1976 - ~-hydroxylase 585 Dunglison, R. 9 - causes of 1976 dopaminergic 2210 duodenogastric reflux 1296 - high altitude pulmonary 2190 dorsal caudal tegmental field (DTF) duplicity principle 757, 769 - hyperhydration 1565 1012 duplicity theory of vision 793 - inflammatory 1789 dorsal chochlear nucleus 731 Duve, c., de 7 - interstitial 2076 dorsal column 624, 625, 627, 628, 637, dying 2407,2411,2413 - pulmonary 1977 740, 1066, 1068 - with dignity 2413 edematous states 1642 - nucleus 625, 626, 635, 637, 638, 656, dynamic EDHF (s. also endothelium-derived 661,670,672,738,1152 - exercise 2148 hyperpolarization factor) 1984, 1959 dorsal funiculus 637 - range 732 Edinger-Westphal nucleus 837 dorsal horn neurons 688 dynamin 85 EDRF (s. also endothelium-derived - high-threshold 688 dynein 86 relaxing factor) 107, 128, 133, 135, - neurons, wide dynamic range 688 dynorphin 327, 1042, 1044, 107 1479,1878,1977, 1982 dorsal nucleus (s. also MGBd) 738, 740 dysarthria 1068 EDRFEE 748 dorsal root ganglia 597, 598 dysdiadochokinesis 1072 EE 750 - coupling of energy metabolism to dysgraphia 1068 EEG (s. also electroencephalogram) 509, functional activity 598 dyslexia 1140, 1155, 1156, 1157 1737,2415,2417 - dorsal horn of corresponding segments dysmetria 1072, 1084 EET 117, 119, 122, 124 of the lumbar spinal cord 597 dyspraxia 1068 EF-hand motif 186 - dorsal horn of the spinal cord 597 dyssynergia 1072 - a-lactalbumin 186 dorsolateral funiculus 626, 627, 637 - detrusor-sphincter 1615, 1621, 1622 - RGD cell adhesion sequence 186 dorsoposterior field 745 dystrophin 962 effect 397 dose equivalent 2422 DZ 747 - priming 397 downregulation 1957 effector influence 1953 DPC (s. also diphenylanine-2- E-cadherin 193 - activation curve 1953 dicarboxylic acid) 254, 1319 - cell surface polarity, induction of 193 - common final pathway 1953 Drechsel, E. 6 - compactions before implantation 193 - local effector influence 1953 drift 830 - epithelial layers - pressurized blood vessels 1953 drinking 369, 382, 1636 -- generation 193 - resistance arteries 1953 drinks 2445 - maintenance 193 - systemic effector influence 1953 drive 974,987, 1012, 1029, 1059, 1060, - morphogenesis 193 efference copy 39, 40, 669, 835, 975, 2086 ElIE2-type 164, 166 1012, 1048, 1060, 1074, 1085, 1132 - ontogenetic changes 2086 ear 713,714, 839 - PPRF 835 - pacemaker neurons 2086 - external 841 efferent 750 - presympathetic neurons 2086 early inward 289 - arterioles 1471,1472 - respiratory neurons 2086 early vision 884 - cortical projection 749 - reticular formation 2086 EBV (s. also Epstein-Barr) 1735, 1742 - projections 839 driven systems 43 EC 913,914,916,930,931 - system 749 driving force 153, 157, 158, 160, 162, ECA 1290 - vasculature 1535 245,250,257, 1219, 1222, 1225 eccentric 918,295 efficiency 928, 2063 - chemical 163 Eccles, J.c. 7 EGF (s. also epidermal growth factor) - electrochemical 163 ECG (s. also electrocardigram) 1843, 144,179,461, 1261, 1309, 1312, 1320, driving pressure 2071 1891,1900,1924,2435 1480 Drosophila melanogaster 141,272 - abnormality 1850 EGF repeats 184 drugs 462, 467 - atrioventricular conduction, - cell attachement 185 DT (s. also distal tubule) 1509, 1511 disturbances 1851 - cell-binding domain 185 DTL 1507, 1509, 1510 - Einthoven's leads 1848 - differential spliced exons 185

2472 - extracellular matrix 185 - composition 1549 - AVP V,-receptor blocker 2214 - fibronectin 185 - pools 1554 - lateral septal area 2214 - FN III repeats 185 electromechanical coupling 1948 - tolerance 2214 - RGD sequence 185 - autacoids 1948 - ventral septal area (s. also VSA) 2214 - tenascin 185 - hormones 1948 endogenous Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 177, 178 - local influences 1948 - opiate 673 Ehrlich ascites tumor cell 162,1499 - neurotransmitter 1948 - pyrogens 2212 El 743, 748,750 - physical factors 1948 endoglycosidase 1990 eicosanoids 116, 124, 131, 1382, 1396, - systemic influences 1948 endolymph 704, 716 1401, 1881 electromotive force 250,251, 1222 endolysosomes 1531 Einstein 1760 electromyogram (EMG) 913,914,915, endometrium 1935 - equation of 1760 931,932,972,976,978,989,991,998, endopeptidases 1329 Einthoven, W. 7 1010, 1011, 1018, 1020, 1025, 1026, endoplasmic reticulum 104 ElP A (s. also 1062, 1064, 1066, 1070, 1072 -rough 1311 ethylisopropylamiloride) 1495 electron probe 1220 - smooth 261 Eisenmann sequences 156 electronic conduction 288 endorphins 327,394,398,1713,1735, ejaculation 1936,2247,2258 electrophysiology 2210, 2245, 2413 - central neural pathways 2258 - cardiac 8 endothelia 131 - lesions of the spinal cord 2258 electroplax 313 - fenestrated 1973 EJC 1955 electrostatic repulsion 197 endothelial 1546, 1548, 1872, 1873, 1874, elastase (1 and 2) 1267, 1329, 1986 electrostriction 60 1876, 1877, 1878, 1880, 1881, 1884, elastic proteins 178 elF2 kinase 1885, 1889, 1893, 1894 elasticity 1872 - phosphorylation 1597 endothelial cell 123, 124, 128, 129, 132, - parallel 922, 925, 926 emaciation 1431 134, 13~ 1401, 1871 - series 922, 925, 926 embolism 1538, 2077 - EDRF (s. also endothelial-derived elastin 174,178,179,1871,1872 embryo 1912 relaxing factor) 132 - cell adhesion 178 embryogenesis 145 - G-CSF 127 - chemotaxis 178 embryology 2307 - IFN 129 - elastic modulus 178 embryonic - NO 132 - elastic recoil 178 - development 1912 - PGI, 123 - n uchalligament 178 emergence 971, 983, 1091, 1092 endothelial derived relaxing factor 130, - thermal extension coefficient 178 - emergent property 32,971,983,1105, 2076 elderly 1644, 1645 1134 endothelial hyperpolarizing factor 1872 electric activity, dynamic 514 EMG (s. also electromyogram) 913,914, endothelial pores 1966 - alpha spindle 515 915,931,932 endothelial-derived vasodilating factor - delta waves 515 eminence 394 (s. also EDRF) 107 - membrane phenomena, intrinsic 514 - median 387, 388, 393, 394 endothelin 101, llO, 130, 131, 1483, - neuronal 515 emissary veins 563 1484,1518,1519,1521,1552,1524, - pacemaker 515 emission 2258 1536,1872,1878,1879,1958,1977, - synaptic actions 514 - central neural pathways 2258 1984,2076,2077 electric - otoacoustic 723 endothelium 130,135,545,1871,1873, - capacitance 2422 emmetropia 763, 764, 765 1875, 1881, 1882, 1886, 1890, 1895, - charge 2422 emotion (s. also emotional) 974, 1041, 1913,1918,1930,1934,1937,1970, - conductance 1497, 2422 1042, 1046, 1049, 1060, 1061, 1067, 1984 - control activity (s. also ECA) 1290 1071, 1075, 1076, 1082, 1084, 1086, - capillary 548 - current 2421 1124,1137,1147, ll48, !l50, 1154, - continous 1967,1970,1973,1976 - driving force 1218 1155,1157,1744 - fenestrated 1967,1970,1976 - fields 509 emotional -- discontinous 1967 - organ 254, 313 - expressiveness 1726 - NO 133 - potential difference 245, 2422 - stress 1908 - PLC 130 - power 2422 - sweating 2219 - tight-junction 1967,1970,1973,1976 - resistance 2422 empyema 1642 endothelium-derived contracting - skate 255 emulsion 1754 factor 1820 electrocardiogram (s. also ECG) 7,2435, encephalitis 1642 endothelium-derived relaxing factor 2438 -respiratory alkalosis 1580 (s. also EDRF) 572, 1820, 1876, 1977, electrochemical driving force 251,252, encoding 296 1982 1220 end-expiratory lung volume 2017 - acetylcholine 1959 electrochemical Na+ - chest wall recoil 2018 - Ca'- pumps 1983 - gradient 259 - lung recoil 2018 - cGMP 1983 electrochemical potential difference 250, end-systolic pressure-volume - EDRF 1959 1222 relationship 2005 - long-term depression 1983 electrocortical differentiation 2330 endocrine 431, ll24, ll54, ll56, 1247 - long-term potentiation 1983 - apnea 2330 - control 116, 1259 - N a' ICa'" exchanger 1983 - electrocortical differentiation 2330 endocrinology 33 - NO synthase 1983 - high-voltage activity 2330 endocytosis 83,84,92,93, 166,257,551, - soluble guanylate cyclase 1983 - inhibition of breathing 2330 1230, 2224, 2297 - soluble guanylyl cyclase 1959 - supra pontine mechanism 2330 endoderm 1719 - vasorelaxation 1959 electroencephalogram (s. also EEG) 366, endogenous antipyresis 2214 endothelium-mediated 509, 1062, 1138, ll50, ll53, 2397, 2415, - a-MSH 2214 hyperpolarization 1984 2440 - arginine vasopressin (s. also - endothelium-derived hyperpolarization electrolyte antidiuretic hormone, ADH, factor (s. also EDHF) 1984 - balance 1469,1470 AVP) 2214 - K' current 1984

2473 endothelium-mediated - myenteric plexus 344 epoxide 1881 vasoconstriction 1984 - plurichemical transmission 344 epoxygenase 1878 - endothelium-derived contracting factor - submucous plexus 344 EPSC 275 (s. also EDCF) 1984 enteroceptive 623,971 EPSP 275 endotoxemia 1930 enteroceptors 295 Epstein-Barr (s. also EBV) 1735,1742 endotoxin 2ll, 1882, 19l1 enterochromaffin-like cells - virus 127 - hyperhydration 1566 - H2 antagonists 1247 equal pressure point 2029 - shock 135 enterocytes 252, 1260 equations, differential 24, 30, 35, 36 endpieces 1322 enteroglucagon 1283 - first-order 35 endurance 915,932,2398 enterohepatic circulation 1382 - homogeneous 26 energetics 926 enterooxyntin 1246 -linear 26 - of contraction 1944 enterotoxin 1266 -- ordinary differential 26 energy 913, 915, 926, 927, 928, 929, 930, enthalpy 163 - nonhomogeneous 31 932,1752,2422,2423 entoptic 770 - nonlinear 31 - balance 163 entrainment 33, 34 - ordinary 24, 26 - barrier 164 enzymatic barrier 547 - second-order 36 - chemical 926, 928, 929, 932 enzymatic digestion -- ordinary differential 36 - dissipation of 1752 - ingested nutrients 1259 equilibrium 31,697,971,973,975, - intake 1425, 1429 enzymes 1330,2431 976, 1007, 1012, 1014, 1022, 1027, - mechanical 926, 927 - digestive 1328 1047 - potential 925, - hydrolytic 166 - exchange 159 - requirement 2063 - lipolytic 1330 equilibrium potential 250, 251 - rich compounds 1437 - lysosomal 1330 - K+ 251,252 - stores 160 - secretion of 85 equilibrium voltage - transformer 1425 enzyme deficiencies - K+ 253 energy expenditure 1425,1426 - acidosis 1581 equilibrium-point hypothesis 983 - total 1426 eosinophils 2430 equiluminance 879 energy metabolism 579,897, 1437, 1440, ependymal barrier 553 equivalent circuit 1220 1442,1446,1909,2414 epidermal growth factor (s. also EGF) equivalent short circuit current 1219, - amino acids 1442, 1444 179,1249,1309,1320,1480,2246 1221, 1499 - carbohydrates 1440 epidermis 1931, 2247 equivalents 2423 - ethanol 1446 epigastric reflex 2441 ER 86 - glucogenic 1444 epiglottis 1552 erectile tissue 2256 - glucose 1440 epilepsy ll20, ll22, ll24, ll37, ll38, - acetylcholine 2256 - glycogen 1440 ll54, ll57 - chemical transmission 2256 - hormonal 1447 - temporal lobe 372 - nitric oxide (NO) 2256 - ketone bodies 1446 epinephrine 96,98, ll6, 123, ll72, 1535, - vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) - ketonic 1444 1604,1636,1713,1736,1883,1886, 2256 - lipids 1444 1901,1908,1910, 1928 erection 1935, 1936,2254,2255,2257, - mechanisms of 1437 - cyclic AMP (s. also cAMP) 1597 2258 - nervous regulation 1447 epithelia 92, 162, 166, 167, 253, 254, 255, - anatomy 2254 - oxygen consumption 897 258,260, 1218, 1219, 1223, 1225, 1226, - detumescence 2255 - proteins 1442 1227, 1228, 1229 - innervation 2254 - shortening speed 897 - cell 151, 162 - lesions of the spinal cord 2258 - triglycerides 1445 - colonic 151 - rigidity 2255 energy metabolism, rates - intestinal 1223, 1228 - sinusoids 2254 - brain 586 -leaky 79,1223,1228 - tumescence 2255 -local 586 - tight 79, 1223, 1225, 1226 - vascular mechanism of 2254 energy substrates 1432 epithelial polarity 1225, 1228 - vasodilation mechanism of 2255 - acetoacetate 1342 epithelium 1219, 1223 ergoceptor 1016 - amino acids 1432 epitopes 1697, 1698 ergot alkaloids 2348 - fatty acids 1432 - structural epitope 1698 - analogue (sulprostone) 2348

- glucose 1432 EPO (s. also erythropoietin) 1685 - prostaglandin F2, (s. also PGE 2) 2348 - B-hydroxybutyrate 1432 - action 1688 Erlanger, J. 7 - lactate 1432 - dependent period 1688 eruptive episodes 56 enhancement 842 - receptor 1686 eruptivity of process 55 - depression 842 - survival of erythroid progenitor erythroblast 1683, 1762 enkephalin llO, 327, 393, 394, 1044, cells 1688 - cell surface receptors 1684 1045, 1070, 1071, 1340 EPO action, mechanisms 1687 - granulocyte and macrophage growth enkephalinase - differentiation 1688 factors 1684 - oxytocinase 2358 - erythroid differentiation 1688 - hematopoietin!cytokine 1684 - PG-dehydrogenase (PGDH) 2358 - hematopoietin!cytokine receptor - inflammation 1685 Enlightenment (s. also Aufklarung) 3 family 1687 - megakaryocyte 1683 entactin 186, 208 - proerythroblast 1688 - megakaryocyte growth factors 1685 - basement membrane 186 - terminal differentiation of erythroid - monocyte-macrophage cells 1683 - laminin cross 186 cells 1688 - myelocytes 1683 - supramolecular assembly and EPO production - platelet 1684 organization 186 - anemia, acute 1687 - reticulocyte 1683 - thyroglobulin repeats 187 - gene expression 1687 - tyrosine kinase 1684 - type IV collagen 186 - kidney 1687 erythrocyte 89, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, enteric nervous system 1239, 1415 - renal cortex 1687 1434,1654,1869,1870,2429,2434 - chemical coding 344 - serum EPO concentration 1687 - antigens 1656

2474 - count 1652 - delayed 971 exteroceptors 295 - deformability 1654 - hormones 1945 extinction 792 - membrane 1654, 1656 - membrane potential 1945 extracellular fluid 246 - sedimentation 1775 - muscle 6 - compartments 555 - in vitro 1775 - mutual 971 - volume 1554, 1641 erythroid colony-forming unit (CFU-E) - Na+ICa2~ exchanger 1945 extracellular matrix 91, 173, 189,211, 1683 - neurotransmitters 1945 1880 erythroid differentiation 1686 - recurrent 971 - alginates 211 - burst-forming unit-erythroid - voltage-gated T - and L-type Ca2+ - alkali metal 211 (BFU-E) 1686 channels 1945 - correlation time 211 erythroid progenitor cells 1686 excitation-contraction coupling (s. also - counterion binding 211, 212 erythropoiesis 127, 1484, 1541, 1685, EC) 260,273,900,913,914,916,930, - CS 211,212 1762 931,963,965,1945,1947 - cytoskeleton 189 - model of 1689 - Ca2+ channels, voltage-gated 1947 - D-glucuronic acid 212 erythropoietin (s. also EPO) 127, 1320, - diseases affecting 965 - D-mannuronic 211, 212 1482, 1484, 1485, 1541, 1685, 1895, 1903 excitatory interneurons 743 - diffuse binding 211 - GM-CSF 127 - sustained discharge 743 - DS 211,212 escape 970 - transient onset 743 - eubendothelial 217 - from immunological control 215 excitatory junction potentials 1955 - Ha 211,212 - phenomenon 1638 - action potentials 1955 - hemidesmosomes 189 Escherichia coli 106 - Ca'+ channels, voltage-dependent - heparanase 217 - heat-stable toxin from 106 1956 - ~2-integrins 189 esophageal - E)P (of excitatory junctional current) - intermediate filaments 189 - body 1234 1955 - L-guluronic acid 211,212 - phase 1235, 1236 - excitatory junctional current (E)C) - L-iduronic acid 212 ESPVR 2005 1955 - morphogenesis 189 esterase 83 - norepinephrine 1955, 1956 - ontogenesis 189 - lysosomal cholesterol 1278 - spontaneous E)P (s. also SEW) 1956 - polyanions 212 - triacylglycerol 1277 - sympathetic nerve activity 1956 - polyelectrolyte effect 212 estradiol 477, 2347 - tetrodotoxin 1955 - quadrupole coupling constant 211 - lordosis behavior 477 - vasoconstriction 1956 - static interaction 212 - luteinizing hormone 477 excitatory postsynpatic potential 749 - statistical binding 212 - oxytocin receptors 477 exclusion - wound healing 189 - progesterone receptors 477 - delivery of indigestible material 1259 extracellular space 85, 168, 245, 1545, - ventromedial nuclei (VMN) of the excretion 970 1549 hypothalamus 477 excretory ducts, main 1322 extracellular volume 1625, 1638 estrogen 397, 1147, 1382, 1534, 1598, excretory glands 258, 1637 "extraction fraction" 1969 1602,1723,1935,2236,2398 exercise 21, 1535, 1591, 1592, 1896, extrajunctional receptors 2006 - induced benefit 2398 1897,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911, extralobular ducts 1321 - oral mucosa 1723 1912,1917,1921,1926,1927,1928, extrapersonal 975,980, 1144, 1146 - salt appetite 1564 2007 - space 668 ET -1 receptor 2355 - heavy 1893 extrapulmonary reflexes 2104 ethacrynic acid 1599, 1602 - levels 2399 - cough reflex 2105 ethanol 1565 - training 2398 - defense reflex 2104 ethanolamine 89 Exner, S. 6 - dyspnea 2105 ethyl-iso-propyl-amiloride 258 exocrine - gasps 2105 ethylisopropylamiloride (s. also EIP A) - glands 2220, 2223 - proprioception 2104 1495, 1496 - pancreas 2225 - pulmonary chemoreflex 2106 eulaminate 1112 - secretion 1226 - sighs 2105 Euro-Collins solution 2416 exocrinopathy 2225 - sneezing reflex 21 05 euthanasia 2417 exocytosis 84,85,93, 103, llO, 116, 122, extrasystoles 1591, 1851 Evans blue 1554 133,245,260,385,388,1223,1228, extravasation 133,196,214,215,217 evaporation 1908, 1909, 1932, 2219, 1230, 1314, 1388, 1484, 159, 2224, 2297 - aFGF 214 2225,2226 exogenous pathway 1279 - basement membrane 214 evaporative cooling 2219, 2226 exons 313 - bFGF 214 event-related potential (ERP) 1138 exopeptidase 1329 - decorin 214 evoked potentials 2417 expirograms 2047 - GM-CSF 214 evolution 789,1091, 1105, 1106, 1126, exportable protein 1314 - growth factor 214 1128, 1134, 1154 - secretion of 1314 - heparin 214 Ewing's sarcoma 1642 expression 103 - IL 214 exchange, parallel 162 - cloning 1223 - infection 214 excitability 267 - gene 103 - mast cell 214 - electrical 6 extension of control theory 71 - perle can 214 excitation 267,599,600,749,842 - behavioral control 71 - syndecan 214 - autacoids 1945 - feedforward 72 - TGF~ 214 - Ca2+ ion concentration, free 1945 - input 71 - tissue damage 214 - Ca2+ pumping 1945 - negative feedback 71 - TNTu. 214 - Ca2+ selective electrodes 1945 - output 71 - tumor cells 217 - Ca2+ sensitive indicators 1945 - variables 71 exzema 1156 - Ca2+ -ATPase in the external ear 713 eye 839, 2396 plasmalemma 19445 external nucleus 738 - position 843 - contraction 1945 exteroceptive 623, 971, 996 - reduced 761

2475 eye movement 663, 797, 813, 829, 833, 1485, 1539, 1897, 1898, 1900, 1902, - blood flow 2319 866 1903, 1929 - critical PO, 2319 - cerebellum 833 - mechanism 1539 - 0, content 2319 - gaze 830 - negative 397,2210 - 0, delivery 2319 - glissade 833 feedback control 390, 396, 1341 - 0, extraction 2319 - medial longitudinal fasciculus 833 - long-loop 390 - oxygen availability 2319 - micro-movements 83 - negative 390, 391 - peripheral organs 2319 - OKR 833 - negative of pancreatic enzyme secretion fetal respiratory physiology 2308 - saccades 833 1341 - fetal breathing 2308 - saccadic 840 - positive 390 - lung development 2308 - smooth pursuit 808, 816, 818 - short-loop 390 - surfactant synthesis 2308 - vergence 811 feedback loops 515 fetus, growth-retarded 2317 - VOR 833 - models of neuronal networks 516 - ACTH 2317 - synchrony 516 - asphyxia 2317 F actin 87,912,917 feedback system, negative 22 - blood pressure 2317

FoF1-ATPase 163 feedforward regulation 168 - bradycardia 2317 face (recognition) 815,816,817,882, feeding 970,971 - higher heart 2317 1144, 1146 - behavior 1459 - hypoxemia 2317 facilitation 736, 749 female external reproductive organs - pituitary-adrenal axis 2317 - synaptic 998 2260 - plasma glucose concentration 2317 factor - parasympathetic vasodilator neurons - preterm labor 2317 - "of common fate" 883 2260 - sympathetic tone 2317 - platelet-derived growth 111 - psychogenic 2260 fetus, immature 2317 FADH, 82 - reflex 2260 - adrenal 2317 FAE 1720 - sex skin 2260 - arterial blood pressure 2317 Flhraeus 1768, 1778 - vasocongestion 2260 - blood flow - network 1768 female internal reproductive organs -- cerebral 2317 - reversal of the 1778 2260 -- myocardial 2317 Flhraeus-Lindquist effect 1763, 1768, - seminal receptacle 2261 -- pulmonary 2317 1869, 1870 - transudation of a mucoid fluid 2260 -- response 2318 Flhraeus-Vejlens effect 1787 - vagina 2260 -- umbilical-placental 2317 familial - vasocongestion 2261 - chemoreceptor function 2317 - hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 1603 female reproductive organs 2259 - epinephrine 2317 - hypokalemic periodic paralysis 1588, fenestrae 1967 - fetal circulatory 2318 1590, 1591 Fenn effect 1921 - fetal sheep 2317 Fanconisyndrome 1565,1590 Ferguson reflex 2356 - heart rate 2317 - dehydration 1564 - OT receptor 2357 - hypoxemia, moderate 2317 Faraday constant 247,249 ferritin 1474 - metabolic centralization 2318 farsightedness 765 fertility 397, 2241 - norepinephrine 2317 fast adapting 653, 654, 665 fertilization 101, 2265 - 0, consumption 2318 fastigial 1047, 1050, 1073, 1074 FES 930 - peripheral vasomotor control 2317 fat 36, 159, 160,915,929,1430,2034, fetal - plasma 2317 2431,2445 - blood volume, reduced 2316 - sympathetic nervous system 2318 - android 1430 - endocrine ontogenesis 2341 - tissue 0, consumption 2318 - brown 2201 - endocrine physiology 2339 fetus, neutralization of selected hormone - cells 157, 167 - endocrinology 2339 actions in the fetus 2344 - fatty acid 929 - growth retardation 2316 - hormone metabolites 2344 - free mass 1426 - heart 1794 - receptor or postreceptor immaturity - long -chain 1462 - heat exchange 2304 2345 - total body 1430 - hypotoxia 2299 fever 29,1565,2211,2214,2215 - visceral abdominal 1430 - hypoxemia 2313 - dehydration 1565 fatigue (s. also muscle fatigue) 765, 91l, - membrane 2358 - at parturition 2215 912,914,915,920,921,929,930,931, fetal breathing 2330 fever, in the newborn 2215 932, 1071 - low-voltage electrocortical acitivty - AVP 2215 - high-frequency 930 2330 - 1L-l receptor antagonist 2215 - low-frequency 930 fetal circulation 2308, 2309, 2375 - ventral septum 2215 fatty acids 1228, 1230, 1270, 1574, 1576, -liver 2309 FF 1480 1577, 1601, 1602, 1603,2415 - onset of respiration 2375 fiber diameter 284 - acid-base balance 1576 - preferential streaming 2309 - absolute refractory period 284 - metabolic acidosis 1580 - transition 2375 - action potential propagation 285 Fe3+ 2428 - umbilical veins 2309 - propagated action potentials 285 fear conditioning 370, 1165, 1169 fetal endocrine adaptions, unique 2343 fiber matrices 1968 feature 790, 791, 792, 800, 802, 804, 805, - adrenalin and placental estrogen fibers 87 812,816, 823, 824, 825, 1154 production 2343 - afferent 23 feature detection, extraction 1130 - neurohypophysis and water metabolism - cholinergic 1884, 1894, 1936 feature detectors 873 2343 - elastic 1871, 1894, 1895 feature extraction 841 - testes and sexual differentiation 2343 - NANC 1884 features, shape constituting 878 fetal endocrine systems, unique 2344 - oxytocinergic 380 feces (s. also stool) 1563 - extrahypothalamic neuropeptide - parasympathetic 1324, 1338 - daily turnover 1550 production 2344 - sensory 24, 35 Fechner's psychophysical relation 305 - intermediate pituitary 2344 - stress 87 feedback 22,27,29,31,39,457, 1482, fetal 0, consumption 2319 - sympathetic 1324, 1338

2476 - vagal 1339 - intermediate filaments 1943 fixational movements 830 - vasopressinergic 380 - intermediate junctions 1943 Fletcher, W.M. 8 fiber, skinned 946 - mechanical syncytium 1943 flexibility, adaptive 47 - caged ATP 946 - mini-sarcomeres 1943 flicker 770,799,814, 1155 - "caged" Ca2+ 946 - myofilaments 1943 flip-flop exchange 90 fiber types 953 - myosin filaments 1943 flocculus 1047, 1049, 1080 - slow-twitch fibers (type-l fibers) - protein kinase C (PKC) 1943 flow 1755 - type-2 fibers 953 - protein, contractile 1943 - coronary 1921, 1924 fibrillation 915 - protein, cytoskeletal 1943 - cutaneous 1932 - ventricullar 1921 - proteoglycans 1943 - emulsion 1759 fibrinogen 1660,1775,1778,2428 - talin 1943 - energetics of 1755 - effect on blood rheology 1775 - transmembrane integrins 1943 - energy dissipation in 1757 fibrinolysis 132, 135, 1659, 1664, 1988 - tropomyosin 1943 - entropy generation in 1761 - plasmin 1664 - vinculin 1943 - entropy production in 1764 - plasminogen activators 1664 - Z disks 1943 - equilibrium 45, 55 - plasminogen activator inhibitor 1665 filaments, intermediate 1943 - frictional work in 1757 fibroblast 124, 1223 - actin 1943 - laminar 1868 - G-CSF 124 - a-actinin 1943 - "limited diffusion" 1968 - GM-CSF 124 - caldesmon 1943 -lymph 1893 - IFN 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 135, - des min 1943 - muscle 1909 161,240,461, 1870,2410,2411 - filamin 1943 - of influence 49 - IL 124, 127 - myosin 1943 - pulsatile 1870 fibroblast growth factor 1873, 2245, - tension 1943 - pulsatility of 1755 2399 - tropomyosin 1943 - pulse 1870 - receptor 194 - vimentin 1943 - suspension 1759,1761 fibromodulin 201 filaments, thin 1946 - testicular 1937 fibronectin 183,87,91,178,239,1871 - actin-myosin interaction 1946 - turbulent 1868 fibronectin receptor (s. also integrin a5~1 - actomyosin Mg2+-ATPase 1946 - volume 1891 and VLA-5) 190 - Ca2+ stores 1947 - volume curves 2029 fibronectin type II/kringle 183 - caldesmon 1946 flow sensor 1960 - factor XII 183 - calmodulin 1946 - basement membranes 1960 - plasminogen 183 - crossbridge phosphorylation 1947 - bipolyelectrolytes 1960 - tissue plasminogen activator 183 - desmin 1947 - cytoskeleton 1960 fibrosis, cystic (s. also CFTR) 275 - filament regulatory proteins 1946 - extracellular matrix 1960 Fick, A. 6, 1866 - force generation 1947 - flow sensor 1960 Fick principle 564,2040,2146 - myosin dephosphorylation 1946 - glycocalyx 1960 Fick's law 150,248, 1968, 2296 - myosin heavy chain, isozymes of - membrane potential 1960 field defects 864 1946 - proteoglycans 1960 field organization, receptive 867 - myosin phosphorylation 1946 flufenamate 105,261 - convergence 867 - protein, intermediate 1947 fluid 1751 - divergence 867 - synemin 1947 - amniotic 2303 field - tension maintenance 1947 - balance 1974 - strength 156 - tonic con tractions 1947 - compartments 1553 - theory 863 - tropomyosin 1946 - extracellular 1902 - perceptive 868 -- phosphorylation 1946 - interstitial 1894, 1895, 1899 fight and flight 1884, 1903, 1908, 1929 filamin 87, 233 - laminar flow of 1751 figure-ground filling volume 1626 - phase marker 84 - discrimination 816,818, 1106 filling - viscosity of 1751 - segregation, 877 - diastolic 1832 fluid pressure filament mechanism, sliding 896 filter selectivity 1474 - interstitial 1972 filament theory, sliding 940 filtered load 1498,1510,1513,1517, fluid protein concentration - crossbridge cycle 941 1540 - interstitial 1974 filaments 87, 1943 filters, bandpass 875 fluid secretion and electrolyte secretion - a-actinin 1943 filtrate 1469 1331 - actin 86, 1943 filtration 1469, 1889, 1895, 1907, 1918, - ductal 1332 - actin-myosin interaction 1943 1971,1974 - by the pancreatic acini 1334 - attachment plaques 1943 - area 1478 fluid volume - caldesmon 1943 - coefficient 1473,1474 - interstitial 1974 - (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase - equilibrium 1477, 1478 fluidity 1750 1943 - fraction 1474,1479,1482,1485,1926 - coefficient of 1750, 1755 - cell contraction, propagation of 1943 - pressure 1477, 1518, 1538, 1539 fluorescein 84, 141 - contractile 1943 - process 1477 fluorescence methods 15 - cross bridge 1943 - rate 1478 [18Flfluorodeoxyglucose 584 - cytoskeleton 1943 fimbria 1124 fluphenacine 1635 - dense bands 1943 fimbrin 87,237 flutter 651,652,661,663,667 - dense bodies 1943 final sweat 2227 flux 1218, 1220 - des min 1943 fine tuning 2165 - coupling 160, 162 - electrical syncytium 1943 Fischer, E. 6 - net 158 - extracellular matrix 1943 fish 2445 -ratio 1219 - fibronectin 1943 fistulas 1459 - unidirectional 158 - fibulin 1943 - acidosis 1581 fluxes and current 1218 - intermediate 86,87,81 - dehydration 1564 flying 971

2477 FM sweep 748 fractional matrix structures 208 focal leaks 1976 - conductance 1222 - basement membranes 208 focal adhesion kinase 1715 - excretion 1474, 1476, 1540 - cell membrane 208 focal contacts 193, 193,238 - filtration 1518 - extracellular ion concentrations 208 - actin filament bundles 190 fracture, freeze 1224 - molecular filtration processes 208 - adhesion plaque 190 frame of reference 668, 975, 980, 1066 - tumor invasion and metastasis 208 - y-catenin 193 Frank, O. 6 functional magnetic resonance - cell proliferation 190 Frank-Starling 2008 imaging 1035 - focal contact 190 Frank-Starling curve 2006 functional residual capacity 2017,2436 - integrin family 190 - descending limb of the 2006 functional significance 1962 - lyn protein 193 Frank -Starling law 1997 - entrainment 1962 - phosphatidylinositol turnover 190 - heart 2005 - frequency 1962 - phospholipases 190 - mechanism 1891, 1892 - phase synchronization 1962 - plakoglobin 193 free interval 2068 - synchronization 1962 - protein kinase C (s. also PKC) 190 free nerve endings 627,648,649 fundamental constants 2425 - src-proto-oncogene family 193 free radicals 107,2409,2415 funding 14 - yes protein 193 free solution mobility 1225 fundus 760 focal point, focus 761,762 free water clearance 2439 funiculus focal seizures 574 freeze-fracture study 1223 - dorsolateral 10 12 fodrin 87 Freire Egas Moniz 7 - ventrolateral 1012 folistatin 2245 frequency 26,27,2422,2423,2436 furosemide 258, 1502, 1509, 1511, 1523, follicle-stimulating hormone 2232 - analysis 722 1532, 1589, 1599, 1602, 1640 follicles 451, 452, 453 - characteristic 721 furosemide-sensitive basolateral Na+- follicular 469 - corner frequency 26, 27 2CI-K+ cotransporter 1319 follicular lumen 452, 455 - dispersion 721 fused 920, 924 folliculogenesis 2242 - domain 26 - fusion frequency 920, 927 follow-up servo hypothesis 1017 - fundamental 1097 fusiform cell 733, 734, 737, 739 food 1429 - response 26 fusion - caloric value 1429 - selectivity 720 - frequency 1155 - catalytic value 1429 - tuning curve 731 - pore 85, 310 - constituents of 2445 Frey, M., von 6 - sperm-oocyte 2270 - intake 1465 Frisch, K. von 7 - processes 1473 frog skin 1218, 1219, 1225, 1226, 1491, G actin 87, 912, 918 - restriction 1722 1503, 2222 Gj-protein 110 - synthetic value 1429 from Fish to Philosopher 10 G protein (s. also protein) 90, 95, 96, footedness 1141 frontal 841, 1034, 1061 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 108, 109, 126, footplate 715 - eye field 802, 1034, 1043, 1047, 1049, 127, 129, 131, 134, 142, 144, 156,253, force 22,36,2422,2423 1066, 1067, 1072 254,315,459,460,1054,1175,1177, force development 1944 frontal gyrus 1247, 1313, 1359, 1505, 1872, 1877, - active tension 1945 - pars opercularis 1137, 1140 1878,2354 - latch state 1944 - pars orbitalis 1137 - adenylyl cyclase 1953 - length dependence of 2005 - pars triangularis 113 7 - 4,5-biphosphate (PIP 2) 2354 force generation, mechanisms of 942 fructose 159, 161,2248 - body system 218 force-velocity relation 924, 925, 926, fructose-l,6-biphosphatase - connective tissue 218 927, 932 - phosphorylation 1597 - coupled receptors 2234 forced expiratory volume 2435 fructose-2,6-biphosphate 1377 -- activation 1953 forcing function 26 fruit 2445 - diacylglycerol (DAG) 2354 - homogeneous 26 FSH 388, 396, 397 - extracellular matrix 218 - nonhomogeneous 26 - receptor 2236, 2241 - heterodimer 1953 forebrain 987,988,1029, 1107, 1151, FSH-RH 397 - inositol triphosphate (lP 3) 2354 1154 fucose 1315 - invasion 218 form analysis, perception 790, 804, 805, fuel - motility 218 808, 809, 813, 815, 824, 825 - reabsorption 1228 - phosphatidylinositol cycle 218 form-from motion 883 - uptake 1228 - phospholipase A2 (PLA,) 1953, 2354 formant 1095 fugural aftereffects 875 - PLC 1953 - singer's 1101 Fullerene 2021 - PIX-sensitive 217 formate 1494, 1496 - air-to-liquid interface 2021 - a-subunits 1953 formate/CI- exchanger 1496 - alveolar size 2022 - ~-subunits 1953 formic acid (s. also formate) 1494 - dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine 2022 - y-subunits 1953 fornix 1123, 1124, 1153 - Laplace's law 2022 - transducin 107 - lesions 368 - neonatal respiratory distress - tumorigenicity 218 forskolin 98, 158, 159 syndrome 2022 G-suit 2175,2177 Foster, M. 8 - pulmonary surfactant 2021 GABA (y-amino-butyric acid) 74, 110, Fourier - Richard III 2022 325, 398, 656, 667, 671, 725, 786, 798, - theory 874 - surface tension 2021 814,999,1000, 1001, 1003, 1036, 1039, - transform 875 - swimmer 2021 1040, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1051, 1052, fovea 757, 758, 760, 762, 767, 768, 794, fumarate 1070,1071,1078,1080,1110,1111, 805,806,809,810,813,822,825,843 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 1112,1113,1117,1121,1125,1128, foveola 757, 760, 762, 765 functional anatomy 1233 1129,1358, 1141, 1550, 1633 fractal functional electrical stimulation (s. also - chopper neurons 734 - configuration 59 FES) 930 - degradation 534 - geometry 63 functional heterogenity of extracellular - responses 535

2478 GABA A receptor 475, 1003 gastric motility 1253 GCS, secretion 407 - channel 278 - isotonic contraction 1253 - ACTH 407

GABA B receptor 275, 1003 - isotonic relaxation 1253 - angiotensin II 407 Gad, J. 5,6 - regulation of 1296 - antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 407 GAG 194 gastric motor activity 1290 - atriopeptin (ANP) 407 gain 26,27,28,30,34,35,39,40 - interdigestive 1293 - catecholamines 407 - of function 965 - postprandial 1291 - circadian rhythm 409 galanin 327, llll, 1355 gastric myoelectrical activity 1290 - dexamethasone 408 Galen 2 gastric phase of secretion 1245 - fluorocortisol 408 Galenismus 2 - vago-vagal reflex 1245 - hormone, adrenocorticotropic 407 Galilei 2 gastric secretion 36, 133 - hormone, corticotropin-releasing gall 1601 - Heidenhain pouch 1244 (CRH) 407 gallbladder 1224, 1225 - Pavlov pouch 1244 - hypothalamic-hypophysical-adrenal Galvani 3 - regulation of 1244 axis 409 ganglia 1619 gastrin 1241, 1246, 1247, 1266, 1281, - oxytocin 407 - pelvic vesical 1619 1339 - pituitary 407 ganglion - cyclic AMP 1597 - POMS (proopiomelanocortin) 407 - basal 844 - G cells 1246 - prednisone 408 - cell 644, 757, 765 - releasing 1281 - serotonin 407 ganglion cell (retinal) 793, 794, 795, 796, - releasing peptide (s. also GRP) 1338 - steroidogenesis 407 797,804,809,820,825,1128 gastroesophageal junction 1240 - stress 409 ganglion, ciliary 836 - chief-cells 1240 - triamcinolone 408 - pretectum 837 - G cells 1241 - vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) - superior cervical ganglion 837 - mucous neck cells 1240 407 ganglionectomy 17ll - parietal cells 1240 Gd3+ 105, 254, 261 gangliosides 90, 2399 gastrointestinal motility 1418 GDS 1715 gangrene 2396 - regional 1289 gelatinases 178 GAP (s. also peptide 396 gastrointestinal tract 1218, 1226, 1929 gelatinization 197 - GnRH-associated) 1l0, 397, 1715 gate control 151 - polysaccharide gels 198 gap junction 80,81, ll5, 139, 140, 141, gating charge 269 gelsolin 87, 231, 234 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 167,321,541, gating current 290 gender 1147,1152 642, 793, Ill2, 1871, 1878, 2221, 2352 - Cs' 291 gene 179,1447,1448 - proteins 139, 140 - density of gates 290 - elastic recoil 179 gap junctional conductance - Na' gating current 290 - household function 966 - intracellular pH 1571 - saxitoxin 291 - master 966 gas 149,150,2039 - tetraethylammonium 291 gene expression 431,464,465,474, ll29, - absorption of 2057 - tetrodotoxin 291 1377 - concentration 2039 gating mechanisms 153, 155 - CREB 474 - exchange 1934 Gauer Henry reflex 1815 - hormone responsive elements 475 - partial press \Ire 2039 Gay-Lussac, ).L. 10 - transacting factors 475 gas constant 249, 2425 gaze 829 genes, immediate early response 446 gas exchange 2029, 2471 gaze-holding 829 - transcription factors 446 - Avogadro's law 2030 - drift 830 gene regulatory proteins 215 - Boyle's law 2030 - optokinetic response 830 - c-fos 215 - Charles's law 2030 - pursuit 830 - c-jun 215 - Dalton's law 2030 - saccade 830 - c-myc 215 - general gas law 2030 -- reading 830 - nuclear 215 - Graham's law 2030 - smooth pursuit 830 gene transcription 464, ll28 gas law 2038 - tremor 830 generator potentials 296 - ATPS conditions 2038 - vergence 830 genetic engineering 150, 156 - BTPS conditions 2038 - vestibulo-ocular reflex 830, 831 genetics, reverse 962 - STPD conditions 2038 gaze-shifting 829 geniculo-striate 1113, ll28 gas narcosis, inert 2184 GC 618 geniculocortical 798, 799 gas pressure 2436 GCS, physiological effects of 423 geniculothalamic 825 - illveolar 2031 - alveolar surfactant factor 423 genital organs 1884, 1935 - apnea 2032 - anti-inflammatory potency 423 genome 960 - bra,dypnea 2032 - arachidonic acid 424 - mammals 960 - hyperpnea 2032 - Ca 2+ homeostasis 423 - mitochondrial 960 - hyperventilation 2032 - carbohydrate metabolism 423 genomic - hypopnea 2032 - cell proliferation 423 - organization 313 - hypoventilation 2032 - collagen synthesis 423 - regulation 1719 - mass balance 2031 - cytokines 423 genotype recognition 854 - tachypnea 2032 - fluid homeostasis 423 gentamycin 1565 gas volumes 2038 - gluconeogenesis 423 - toxicity 1591 Gaskell, W.H. 7,8 - immune response 424 geometric (structural) effect 2075 Gasser, H.S. 7 - lipocortin 423 GerbiIlus 1507 gastric accommodation 1291 - lipolysis 423 gestagen ll47 gastric emptying 1254, 1290, 1295 - lymphokines 424 Gestalt 825 gastric inhibitory polypeptide 1246 - prostaglandins 423 - formation 883 gastric juice 1241, 1550 - proteolysis 423 - isomorphism 863 - composition of 2432 - regulation of 407 - principles 862 - lipase 1272 - vasocortin 423 - psychology 862

2479 gestation 2447 gliding coordination 44, 51 - sensor 159, 1348 GFR (s. also glomerular filtration gliosis spinalis 630 - substrate for the brain's energy rate) 1470, 1473, 1475, 1476, 1477, glissade 832 metabolism 581 1478,1479,1480,1481, 1485, 1518, - pontine reticular formation 832 - transfer 2300 1521, 1524, 1529, 1532, 1535, 1536, global amnesia 1162, 1166 - transporter 1262, 1270 1537, 1538, 1539, 1540, 1541, 1561, globulin 1474 - uptake of 1263 1562, 1627, 1641, 1642, 1643, 1644, at-globulin 2428 glucose transporter 160, 549

2397,2398,2409,2439 a 2-g1obulin 2428 - GLUT! 159, 160, 161 GH (s. also growth hormone) 394,395, ~-globulin 2428 - GLUT2 159, 160 396 y-globulin 2428 - GLUT3 159, 160 - cyclic AMP 1597 - sex hormone-binding 2237 - GLUT4 159, 160, 167 - releasing hormone (s. also GHRH) globus pallidus 1Ol3, 1042, 1043, 1044, - GLUTS 159, 160, 161 2397 1046, 1055, 1070, 1152 glucose uptake l360 GHAP 2399 glomerula 847 - cell volume 1360 GHIH 394 glomerular capillaries 1926,1471,1473, - gluconeogenesis 1360 GHK equation 253 1476, 1477, 1478, 1546 - GLUT -4 1360 GHRH (s. also growth hormone (GH)- glomerular filter 1475 - glycogen 1360 releasing) 388, 394, 395, 396, 2397 glomerular filtrate 1489, 1490, 1517 - glycogenolysis 1360 GHRH G,-proteins 96, 98 glomerular filtration 1475, 1535, 1884, glucose utilization 579, 581, 584, 587, giant cells 1886, 1901, 1910, 1925, 1926, 1927 597 Gibbs-Donnan glomerular filtration rate (s. also - local or regional rates of CBF 586 - distribution 1496, 1497, 1517 GFR) 1470, 1475, 1476, 1641, 1642, a-glucosidase 2248 - effect 1497 2397,2409,2438,2439 glucostat 13 7 5 - equilibria 82 glomerulonephritis 1538 glucostatic theory 1463 - formalism 1475 glomerulotubular balance 1485, 1517, glucosuria 1529, 1530, 1643 - potential 1549, 1558 1529, 1540, 1643 GluRI-4 278 Gilles de la Tourette syndrome 1071 glomerulus 1471, 1472, 1481, 1473, 1538 GluR5-7 278 GIP 1266, 1284, 1331 glottal air pulses 1099 GLUT family 159 - cyclic AMP 1597 gluatamate receptor 535, 1177 GLUT transporter 161 - inhibit l324 -AMPA 1177,1180 GLUT-2 1348 GIRKI 274 - metabotropic 1177,1180 - transporter 1375 glabrous 638,648,649,651,652,653, - NMDA 1177,1169,1180 glutamate 101, 109, 110,325, 656, 657, 659,661,662, 673 glucagon 98, 110, 124, l320, 1373, 1377, 671,718,998,1000,1008,1040,1044, gland 387 1396, 1340, 1346, 1355, 1382, 1406, 1045, 1046, 1051, 1053, 1070, 1079, - adrenal 27, 28, 1483 1433, 1450, 1501, 1518, 1519, 1520, 1108,1110,1112,11113,11114,1119, - of the airways 2077 1522,1551,1562,1587,1596,1602, 1393,1525,1531,2414,2416 - Brunner 1227 1603, 1604, 1931 - decarboxylase 325 - excretory 1637 - actions 1435,1450 - metabotropic receptor 1054, 1126, - exocrine 92, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1226, - concentration 1448 1129 1227 - cyclic AMP 1597 - osmolytes 1567 - hypertonic-secreting 1317 - inactivation 1450 - receptor channels 277 - isotonic-secreting 1317 - insulin -like growth factor 1346 glutamic acid decarboxylase - Lieberkiihn 1227 - receptor 1450 (GAD) 1128, 1129 - parathyroid 29 - secretion l357, 1450 glutaminase 1373, 1398, 1399, 1524, - parotid l309, 2431 - structure 1450 1573, 1576 - pineal 387, 1203 - synthesis 1450 - mitochondrial ammonia amplifier - pituitary 28,36, 124, l33, 379, 387 glucocorticoid 119, 393, 394, 396, 479, 1398 - rectal 1227 1377, 1561, 1562, 1564, 1565, 1585, glutamine 534,1394, 1510, 1525, 1531, - salivary 1226, 1405, 1589 1601,1604,1736 1573, 1576,2428 - subepithelia 1227 - hyperhydration 1565, 1566 - buffers 1573 - sublingual l309 - increasing factor 1713 - osmolytes 1567 - submandibular 128, l309, 2431 - receptor 1453 - synthetase 1396, 1398 - sweat l33, 1227, 1563, 1589 - regulatory elements 1453 y-glutamyltranspeptidase 1388 - thyroid 29, 1527 glucocorticoid deficiency glutarate 1533 -- anatomy of 451 - hyperhydration 1566 glutathione 105,107,2410,2416 - von Ebner's lingual l315 glucokinase 159, 1348 gluteal reflex 2441 gland ducts, sweat 1218 - glucose metabolism l349 glycemia 2395 glandular duct 1219 - hexokinase 1348 glycerol 90 glaucoma 1548, 1552 - MODY 1349 - phospholipids 1272 glia 533 gluconeogenesis 33, 1228, 1373, 1375, glycerophosphate acyltransferase glial 1112 1442 - phosphorylation 1597 - cells 157, 159, 167 - intracellular pH 1571 glycerophosphorylcholine 1510, 1547, - ensheatment 533 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 2248 - scar 540 glucosamine 141 - osmolytes 1567 - transporter 534 glucose 36, 90, 581, 582, 587, 929, 1269, glycine 325,786,998,999, 1000, 1001, glial fibrillary acidic protein 540 1315, 1461, 1474, 1497, 1547, 1599, 1531,1558,2428 glial-hyaluronate-binding protein (s. also 1600,1918,2396,2430,2445 - osmolytes 1567 GHAP) 2399 - absorption 167 glycocalix 91, 1967 - extracellular matrix 2399 - intolerance 2396 glycoconjugates 174, 182,202 - glial origin 2399 - metabolism 1379 - fibrillin 182 - nerve grafts 2399 - reabsorption 162, 1528 -laminin 182 glicentin 1283 - sensing 160 glycogen 97,913,929,931, l397, 1432,

2480 1434, 1547, 1929 - vascular system 1362 - microtubule 609 glycogen phosphorylase 959 Gmelin, L. 10 - microtubule-associated proteins (s. also - muscular 959 GMP 776 MAP) 609 - phosphorylation 1597 - cyclic (s. also cyclic GMP and growth cone collapse 612 glycogen synthase cGMP) 106 - collapsin 612 - phosphorylation 1597 GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing - somite 612 glycogen synthesis 1374, 1375, 1397 hormone) 101,388,396,397,398 - tectum 612 glycogenolysis 7,96,931,1374,1375 - agonists 2233 growth factor (s. also neuronall growth glycohemoglobin 1362 - analogues of 2233 factor [NGF]) 7,202, 1319, 1320 124, glycolipids 87, 89, 90 - antagonists of 2233 128,144,1719,1740,1879,1884,1987, glycolysis 33,912,927,929,931,932, - pulses 2233 2245,2414 1440, 1506, 1909, 1927, 1999 Goethe, J.W. 1,3 - epidermal 111,99, 100 - intracellular pH 1571 goiter 468 - epidermal-derived 99, 100 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - autonomous 469 - fibroblast 1879 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - endemic 468 - insulin-like 128 glycolytic 912,927, 929, 931, 932 Goiter, Riedel 469 - nerve 128 glycolytic metabolism 1961 Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation 151, - neuronal 128 - cell respiration 1961 155,247,252 - platelet-derived 99, 100, 1879 - cellular transport 1961 G"u 850 - transforming 130, 131, 1879 glycoprotein 90, 1380, 2267 Golgi apparatus 81,83,85,91,1314 growth factor, hormone 642 - ZP3 2268 Golgi cell 1051 growth hormone (s. also GH) 1562, glycoproteins, adhesive 182, 183 Golgi tendon organ 627,632,633,635, 1599,1600,1601,1723,2397 glycoprotein storage disorder 207, 208 649,656,995,996,1001,1002,1003, - GH blood 2397 - aspartyglucosaminidase 207 1010,1015,1016,1017,1019,1023 - growth-promoting hormone, major - aspartylglucosamine glycopeptides Golgi type II neuron 741 2397 207 gonadal hormones 1721 growth hormone releasing hormone - aspartylglucosaminuria 207 gonadotropes 397, 398 (s. also GRH) 2245 - coarse facies 208 gonadotropic hormones 2232, 2235 GRP 1285, 1338 - corneal clouding 208 gonadotropin 110, 397 G,-protein 96,110,1451,2224 - (X-L-fucosidase 207 - ovulatory surges 398 G,-protein 110 - fucosidosis 207 - pituitary 2235 GTB 1485, 1517, 1518, 1519, 1523, 1526, - GAG excretion 208 - release 2233 1529 - ~-galactosidase 207 - releasing hormone 31, 33, 2232 GTP-y-S 98, 144, 905 - galactosialidosis 207 gonads 31 GTPase 110 - glycolipids 207 Goormaghtigh cells 1473, 1481, 1483 - activating proteins (s. also GAP) 110 - glycoprotein neuraminidase 207 Gotch, F. 6 guanine-nucleotide 110 - hepatosplenomegaly 208 Gp protein 104, 109,2224 - dissociation inhibitors 110 - joint stiffness 208 Gp(Gq)-protein 109, 110 - exchange factors 110 - leukocytes 208 GPI 194 guanylate cyclase 95,106, 107, 1480,

- (X- mannosidase 207 GpLC 1313 1536

- mannosidosis 207 GpLC protein 1451 - soluble 107 - mental retardation 208 G" protein 109 guanylyl cyclase 130, 1878, 1886, 1959 - metachromatic staining 208 Gq proteins 144 - cA-PK 1959 - oligo saccharides 207 Graafian follicle 2242 - Ca'- channels, voltage-sensitive 1959 - sialidosis 207 gracile - cG-PK 1959 - sialyloligosaccharides 207 - funiculus 624,625,626, 637 - endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing - skeletal dysplasia 207 - nucleus 626, 638 factor (EDHF) 1959 glycoproteins, skeletal 183 gradient 163 - hyperpolarization 1959 - protein-protein interactions 183 gram-negative 2211 - nitroglycerin 1959 glycoproteins, structural 174 gramicidin channel 156 - sodium nitroprusside 1959 glycosaminoglycans 174,197,199,212, Granit, R. 7 - vasodilatation 1959 468 granular 1112 Guillain-Barre syndrome 1642 - disaccharide 199 granule cell 1050, 1051, 1122, 1123, Guillemin, R. 7 - galactosamine 199 1124, 1127, 1129 Gullstrand, A. 7 - ~- D-galactose 199 granules 389 Giirber, A. 6 - ~-D-glucuronic acid 199 - secretory 92, 389, 396 gyration 1107 - D-glucuronic acid 199 granulocytes 84 gyro structuring, selforganized 51 - C-5 epimerization 199 granulosa cells 2237 gyrus 1033 - heparin 199 grasp reflex 2441 - cingulate 1060, 1124 - hyaluronan configuration 200 grastrointestinal tract 1882 - frontal 1034, 1137 - hydrogen bonds 200 Graves' disease 459, 469 - fusiform 792,816 - identity period 200 gravitation 1892 - Heschl's transverse 1139,1140,1157 - (X-L-iduronic acid 199 gravity 1904, 2043, 2074 - parahippocampla 816 - N-acetyl-~-D-galactosamine 199 - hypoxic pulmonary - postcentral 625, 628, 629, 640, 658, - N-acetyl-~-D-glucosamine 199 vasoconstriction 2044 659, 669, 1033 - proteoglycans 200 - pulmonary circulation 2043 - precentral 1033, 1034, 1049, 1082 glycosidases 83 Greek alphabet 2425 - temporal 1137, 1144, 1156 glycosylation 85,91,2235 Grehant, N. 8 - dolichol-mediated 91 grey matter 569 H meromyosin 918 - pattern 91 grouping 883 H zone 912,918 - sites 91, 1223 growth cone 609 W 178,931,932,1522,1574 glycosylation, nonenzymatic 1362 - actin filaments 609 - concentration 1881

2481 W (Contd.) - thrombospondion 217 - disease 1921 - pumping 1522, 1523 - type IV collagen 217 -- coronary 1921, 1922 - pumps 166 - vibronectin 217 - ECG 1798,2325 - secretion 1504, 1505, 1513, 1522, 1523, harmaline 1052 - effects of the ionic environment 1840 1524, 1534, 1535 Hartline, H.K. 7 - efficiency of the heart work 1817 - vascular type 166 Hartnup's disease 1269 - ejection period 1796 H+ ATPase 83, 163,256, 1225, 1491, Harvey, W: 3, 110, 1865, 1866 - electrical defibrillation 1854 1504,1505,1534,1535,2414 Hashimoto's thyroiditis 1156 - end-diastolic pressure volume - mitochondrial 83 Hashimoto's disease 469 relation 1809 - vascular type 83, 92 Hasselbalch, K. 7 - as an endocrine gland 1814 H+ ion theory 2120 HAV 192 - end-systolic pressure-volume relation - cerebral venous PCO, 2121 hayfever 1156 1814 - CSF pH 2122 HCO,- 1497, 1503, 1504, 1518, 1519, - energetics 1816 - extracellular pH 2120 1522, 1525, 1526, 1549, 1573, 1574, - equilibrium curves 1811 - tonic ventilatory drive 2120 1576,1578,2430,2437 - failure 1892, 1911 - ventral brain stem surface 2120 - absorption 1227 - fetal 1794, 1888, 1889, 1891 H"-phosphate co transporter 162 - conductance 259 - filling period 1795 W!K+-ATPase 163,166,256, 1225, 1227, - ECF 1548 - flutter and fibrillation of the atria 1228, 1491, 1523, 1537, 1575 - excretion 1535 1852 - gastric 1505 - exit 1537 - flutter and fibrillation of the ventricles H-reflex (Hoffmann-reflex) 998, 1001, - extracellular 1558 1853 1010, 1011 - filtered load 1523 - Frank-Starling mechanism 1806 H/,O 567, 576 - rCF 1548 -- in the intact heart 1814 H,150-technique 600 - intracellular 1558 - function curve 2325 - regional CBF 600 - plasma 1548 - glycogen 2325

H,C03 1572, 1573 - reabsorption 1497, 1505, 1512, 1522, - heterogeneity within the ventricular - pK 1572 1523,1524, 1537 wall 1835 H,O 587 - secretion 1506 - heterotopic centers 1827 - excretion 1636 - uptake 162 - hypertrophy 1815 - permeability 1531 HCO, ! CI exchange 1503 - hypoxemia 2325 - reabsorption 1521 HCO;! C!-exchanger 161, 162, 1505 - impulse formation 1831 HP, 83 HCOJ-Na+ cotransport - isobaric maximum 1810 H,PO, - extracellular 1558 - isolated 6, 1808, 1811 - pK 1572 - intracellular 1558 -- acute volume loading 1811 habituate 744, 745 HCOJ--phosphate 1490 -- acute pressure loading 1812 habituation 633,740,974, 1167, 1173 HCOJ--reabsorption 1495 - isovolumic contraction 1810 Haeckel, E. 6 HCO,--secretion 1323, 1502, 1503 - isovolumic maximum 1810 Hageman's factor 132 HDL 1271, 1275, 1280, 1381,2429 - isovolumic relaxation 1810 Hagen-Poiseuille's law 1481, 1757, 1867, - pathway 1280 -- period 1795 1868, 1872 head injury - kinetic work 1816 Haidinger's brushes 770 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - Laplace relation 1808 hair, hairy 638,640,648,649,656,661, head trauma 1642 - left 1918 673 head-out immersion 1632, 1642 - measures of contractility 1814 - follicle 626,627,630,649,650,655, head-out water immersion 1642 - mechanical action 1794 673 headache 2213 - mechanism of autonomic transmitter hair cells 698, 716 - cerebral edema 1567 action 1839 - cochlear 237 hearing 6, 769, 2396 - mechanisms by which contraction may - inner 751 heart 22,32,34,253,466,467,915,921, be influenced 1836 - motility 701 1536, 1798, 1895, 1897, 1899, 1907, - mechanisms of flutter and fibrillation - outer 751 1910, 1911, 1913, 1921, 1922, 1930, 1853 - vestibular 698 2325, 2416 - muscle 1920 Haldane effect 2055, 2300 - abnormal automacity 1834 - myocardial blood supply 1819 Hale 1866 - action potentials in different regions - myocardial component of the coronary half-center 1009 1834 resistance 1819 Haller, A. von 3 - activity phases 1795 - normotopic centers 1827 hallucination 1155, 1156 - adaption to physical exercise 1813 - normoxemia 2325 hallucinogen 2413 - adaption to prolonged exercise 1815 - nutrient consumption 1817 haloperidol 98, 1635 - a-adrenergic receptors 1840 - oxygen consumption 1817 hamartoma 1156 - afferent innervation 1840 - pacemaker activity 1827 Hamburger shift 162,258 - all-or-nothing response 1826 -- ionic mechanisms 1832 Hammersten, 0. 7 - anoxia and resuscitation 1820 - pacemakers, dominant 1831 hand (recognition) 816 - apex impulse 1796 - pacemakers, latent 1831 handedness 1137,1140,1141,1142, - artificial pacemakers 1827 - parasympathetic innervation 1837 1143, 1147, 1156, 1157 - asphyxia 2325 - patterns of ventricular movement haptic 659, 975 - blood flow 2439 1809 haptotaxis 217,611 - bundle branch block 1827 - power-to-weight-ratio 1817 - autotaxin 217 - cardiac performance 2325 - pressure loading 1818 - chemotaxis 217 - conducting system 1826 - pressure-volume loops 1811 - cytokines 217 - conduction in 6 - pressure-volume work 1816 - fasciculation process 611 - conduction velocities in different - Purkinje System, pacemaker - firbonectin 217 regions 1826 mechanism 1833 - laminin 217 - coronary reserve 1820 - rate 1898, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1917, 1921

2482 -- of relaxation of the 2006 - counter-current 2203 hemianopsia 799 - receptors 1840 - evaporation 2202 hemiballism 1070, 1071 - PI-receptor 1840 - insensible perspiration 2202 hemidesmosome 81 - p, receptor 1840 - insulation 2202 hemifield 841 - re-entry 1853 - radiation 2202 hemiparetic 629 - regulation of coronary blood - sweat 2202 hemiplegia 1083 flow 1819 heat exposure hemisphere, contralateral 748 - right 1889, 1890, 1891, 1905, 1911, - respiratory alkalosis 1580 hemispheric dominance 1737 1918 heat production hemodialysis 1591, 1879 - spread of excitation 1825 - basal metabolic rate 2201 - hyperhydration 1566 - stroke volume 2325 - nonshivering thermogenesis 2201 hemodiluting therapy 1783 - structural differences 2325 - shivering 2201 hemodilution 1783 - sympathetic innervation 1837 heat shock protein 129 - iatrogenic 1783 - systolic pressure-volume relations heat storage 2200, 2203 hemoglobin 6,7, 10, 107, 1474, 1484, 1810 heat stroke 2215 1572, 1605, 1652, 2052, 2059, 2429, - tachykardia 2325 heavy metals 1590 2437 - tension-time index 1818 Hebb 644, 671 - intracellular pH 1571 - time-variying elastance concept 1814 Heidenhain, R. 5,7,8 hemolysis 1538, 1591, 1592 - transformation of wall tension into height 2444, 2447 hemophilia 1665 pressure 1808 height -weight relation 2447 hemorheological therapy 1782 - triggered activity 1834 Held, endbulbs of 734 hemorrhage 1637,1911,1930,2316 - vagal and sympathetic tone 1838 - primary-like 734 hemostasis 1881, 1882 - valves 1794, 1911 helicobacter pylori 1253 hemothorax - valvular plane mechanism 1796 a-helical 157, 159, 165 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - volume loading 1818 a-helical channel 156 hemtaocrit 1652 - vulnerable period 1854 - non selective cation 107 Henderson-Hasselbalch equation 1572, - work diagram 1810 a-helices 159, 160, 161, 166 1573,2058,2153,2435 heart arrhythmias 271 Helmholtz, H. von 6 - buffering 2059 heart beat 2006 Helminthosporium dermatioideum 158 Henle's loop, thick ascending limb of - control of force of the 2006 helplessness 1739 260 - force of the 2004 hemapheretic therapies 1783 Henle, J. 5 - rate 998, 1061, 1080 hematocrit 570,1510,1553,1767,1870, Henry-Gauer reflex 1631, 1637 - strength of the 2004 2429 heparan sulfate 199, 1879, 1990, 1987 heart cells 156 - discharge 1767 - plasminogen activator inhibitors 1990 heart disease, ischemic 2409,2411 - tube 1767 - tissue type plasminogen activator heart failure 1539, 1642, 1891 - value 1767 (s.alsotPA) 1990 - congestive 1565, 1912, 1920, 1929 hematopoiesis 127, 1679 - urokinase type plasminogen activator - congestive 1565 - hematopoietic organs 1679 (s. also uPA) 1990 -- hyperhydration 1565, 1566 - IL 127 heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans 183 - right (s. also cor pulmonale) 2076 - proliferation 1679 - cell migration 185 heart insufficiency 1605 - self-renewal 1679 - cell-positioned trans amidase 185 heart-lung preparation 1812 hematopoietic cells, lineage-commited - fibronectin 183 heart muscle 123, 145, 157, 1637, 1837 1682 -- receptor 185 - Ca" sensitization 1837 - hematopoietic - fibrosis 185 heart rate 36, 133, 2002, 2397 microenvironment 1683 - HS proteoglycan 185 - PI-adrenergic receptor 2149 - stem cell commitment to - hydrophobic interactions 183 - catecholamines 2149 differentiation 1683 - inflammation 185 - chronotropic drive 2149 hematopoietic growth factor 1683 - ionic interactions 183 - control of 2320 - cells, multilineage colony-forming - malignant cells 185 - excitatory sympathetic drive 2149 1683 - platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IlIa - parasympathetic tone 2149 - granulocyte colony-forming unit (allb~3) 183 - sinoatrial node 2149 (CFU-G) 1683 - proteoheparan sulfate 183 - slower 2397 - granulocyte-macrophage colony• - RGD sequence 185 - tachykardia 2149 forming unit (CFU-GM) 1683 - soluble 183 heart sounds 1797 - macrophage colony-forming unit - syndecan 183 heat 913, 915, 926, 927, 928, 929, 932, (CFU-M) 1683 - vitronectin receptors 183 1937 hematopoietic progenitor cells 179 - wound healing 185 - activation 927,932 - hematopoietic stromal cells 1680 heparin 105, 133, 1666, 1987, 1989 - exchange 1932 - Sl/Sld mouse 1680 hepatic blood flow 1369 - exhausion 2215 - W/W' mouse 1680 hepatic failure 1552, 1565, 1603 - formation 1932 hematopoietic reconstitution, long• - dehydration 1565 - maintenance 927,932 term 1681 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - production 1895,1908, 1909 - clonal succession 1681 hepatic osmoreceptors 1635 - recovery 927, 932 - hematopoietic cell transplantation hepatic proteolysis 1551 - relaxation 927 1681 hepatitis 124 - shortening 927, 932 - repopulation assays 1681 hepatocellular hydratation 1396 - transport 1895 - stem cell kinetics 1681 hepatocyte 125, 1369 heat balance 2200 hematopoietic stem cells 127 - heterogeneity 1382, 1393 heat cramps 2216 - CSF 129 hepatorenal reflex 1563 heat exchange 2201 - EPO 129 hereditary disorders of connective - conduction 2201 - GM-CSF 129 tissue 179 - convection 2201 - IL 128, 129 - aortic aneurysm 179

2483 hereditary disorders of connective His-ALA-VAl (s. also HAV) sequence - adrenocorticotropic 98 tissue (Contd.) 192 - adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) - - autosomally dominant inheritance histamin 98,100,101,110,111,116,130, releasing 388 179 l31, 133, l34, l35, 325, 996, 1l30, 1150, - antidiuretic 1228,1504,1519,1553, - blood vessels 179 1154, 1157, 1247, 1285, 1410, 1479, 1562 - hearing loss 179 1480, 1562, 1633, 1635, 1876, 1881, - corticotropin-releasing 391, 1629, - osteoarthritis 179 1910, 2076, 2432 2245 - osteoporosis 179 - cyclic AMP 1597 - dependent 1320 - resilience 179 histidine 1531,2416,2428 - estrogen 396 - skin 179 histones 80 - follicle-stimulating hormone (s. also - supramolecular organization of HLA 1742 FSH) 396, 2232 collagen or elastin 179 hnRNA 81 -GABA 2111 - tendons 179 Hodgkin, A.1. 7, 10 - glucocorticoid 1452 - tensile strenght 179 Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) 1111 - gonadal 1721 Hermann grid 766, 868 - definition 155 - gonadotropic 2235 Hermann, 1. 5 Hodgkin-Huxley theory 289 - gonadotropin-releasing hormone (s. Hess, W.R. 7 - activation 289 also GnRH) 388, 396 HETE 117, 119, 121, 124 - afterpotential 290 - growth (s. also GH) 394 ~-y heterodimer 11 0 - channel 289 - growth hormone (GH)-releasing (s. also heterogeneity in EPO responsiveness - gating 290 GHRH) 388, 394 1688 - inactivation 289 - growth hormone release-inhibiting heterophilic interactions 21 0 - Na+ channel 289 388,394 heterotypical 1112 - refractoriness 290 - gut 1461 hexabrachion 186 Hoffmann, P. 6 - hypophysiotropic 389, 391 - alternative splicing 186 holisitc medicine 1741 - K+ channels 2111 - tenascin 186 holism 1107 - luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing -- variants 186 Holmgren, F. 6 (s. also LHRH) 388, 396 hexokinase 582, 583, 584 homeostasis 21,31,32,35, 167, 168,259, - melanocyte-stimulating (s. also MSH) - cerebral glucose consumption 583 335, 1229, 1731, 1736, 1744, 1884, 1895, 398 - deoxyglucose method 584 1896,2097 - natriuretic 1489, 1638 - deoxyglucose phosphorylation 582, - cardiovascular 2008 - parathyroid 1562, 1596 584 - volume 1886 - placenta 2111 Heymans, J.F. 5, 7 homeostatic 31,32 - placental transfer of 2339 hidden figure 877 - cell functions 167 - pregnancy 2110 hierarchical organization 22 - mechanisms 2211 - regulation 2389 high altitude 1535 homeothermic 1106 - release-inhibiting 388,389 - pulmonary edema 2190 homeotherms 2219 - releasing 388, 389 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 homeothermy 2375, 2376 - sex 1604 high -pass 26 - thermostat 2376 - somatostatin 388, 394 high -pressure nervous syndrome 2184 homeotic genes 605 - thyroid gland 211 0 - trimix 2184 homing 854 - thyroid-stimulating 98, 2235 high-protein diet l398 homoarginine 1531 - thyrotropin-(TSH)-releasing (s. also Hill analysis 1499 homo cellular regulation 1229 TRH) 388,391,2111 hilus 1123, 1125 homogenous fluid 1868 hormone, adrenal sex 412 hippocampal homologous desensitization 98 - adrenal androgen 412 - head-direction cells 365 homophilic adhesion 190 - cortisone 412 - interneurons 363, 366, 367 - cells, detachment of 190 hormone, pituitary-adrenal 1712 - place cells 364 - integrins 190 - Cartesian 1712 - pyramidal cells 363 - ~l-integrins 190 hormone, sex steroid 2236 - rudiment 358 - ~2-integrins 190 - levels 967 - theta rhythm 366 - mitosis 190 hormone receptors 98, 1502 hippocampal formation 360, 362, 483 - oncogenic transformation 190 - composite response elements 475 - aging 483 - talin binding 190 - steroid and thyroid hormone - CA3 neurons atrophy of the apical homophilic bindings 192 receptors 475 dendrites 483 - cadherins 192 hormone relase 1187 - social stress 483 - cell-cell adhesion glycoproteins 192 - pulsatile 2397 hippocampus 479, 792, 802, 823, 825, - tissue development 192 hormone, steroid 1453, 1455, 1379, 1537 1042,1043, 1046, 1068, 1082, 1107, homosexuality 489 - retinoic acid receptor 1453, 1455 1110,1114,1121,1122,1123,1124, homotypical 1112 hormone, thyroid 383,391, 1452, 1454, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1129, 1l30, 1132, homunculus 639,643,645,1036 1455, 1600, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1605 1134, 1141, 1142, 1151, 1152, 1154, Hook-Newton-interregnum 61 - domain 1455 1162, 1171, 1177, 1735,2399 Hopkins, F.G. 8 - permissive action 1455 - lesions of 368 Hoppe-Seyler 10 hormones, adrenal cortical 404 - long-term potentiation (s. also LTP) horizontal 783 - C18 steroids 404 479 horizontal cell 795 - C19 steroids 404 - neurogenesis 479 hormone, 1,25-(OH)2-D3 hormone 1470 - C21 steroids 404 - neuron death 479 hormone 27,28, 36, 37, 40, 85, 95, 97, - CS biosynthesis 405 - primed-burst potentiation (5. also 98,99, 100, 108, 111, 119, l33; l35, l39, - CS, pedrigee of 405 PBP) 479 144, 166, 391, 388, 389, 431, 1204, l339, hormones, cortical steroid (CS) 403 Hippocrates 1, 2 1373, 1382, 1735, 1884, 1885, 1886, - adrenal androgens (AA) 403 hippurate 1497 1895,1930,2110,2231,2303,2347,2379 - cardiotonic steroid, ouabain 403 hirudin 1666 - adrenal gland 2110 - glucocorticosteroids (GCS) 403

2484 - mineralocorticosteroids (MCS) 403 - neutrophils 197 1541 host resistance 1731,1736,1739,1741 - nonfibrillar collagens 197 hyperanemia housekeeper 161 - polylactosamine 197 - reactive 1880 HPETE 117, 119, 120 - proteoglycans 197 hypercalcemia 1565, 1598, 1602, 1603, HPOt 1526,2446 - skeletal/smooth muscle cells 197 1604, 1605 - ECF 1548 - structural glycoproteins 197 - alkalosis 1581 - ICF 1548 - T cell activation 197 hypercalciuria 1513 - plasma 1548 - T lymphocytes 197 hypercapnia 260, 1525, 1534, 1535, 1929,

HPO/iH2 P04- 2434 - tumor cell attachment 197 2060 - buffers 1573 - tumor cell implantation 197 - alkalosis 1581 HS proteoglycan 210 - tumor metastasis 197 - respiratory acidosis 1579, 2060 - dimers 210 - versican 197 hypercatabolism 1551,1604 - perlecan 21 0 hybridization hypercholesteremia 1878 - trimers 210 - in situ 15 hypercholesterolemia 1903 5-HT 134 hydra tat ion - familial 1279 - serotonin 110 - cellular 1373 hypercolumns 869 HTK solution 2416 - hepatocellular 1373, 1374, 1377, 1388 - cells, simple 869 Hubel, D.H. 7 hydrated radius 2424 - complex 869 Wifner, G. 6 hydration 1645 - end-stopped 869 human chorionic gonadotropin 2235 hydraulic conductance 1477,2076 - hypercomplex 869 human Mdr3 P-glycoprotein 1387 hydraulic conductivity 1473, 1971 hypercomplex cell 1118 human milk 2378 hydrochlorothiazide 1512, 1513 hyperdipsia 1645 human proteolipid protein 541 hydrochloric acid 1243 hyperemia 1770, 1923, 1928, 1929, 1930 humanism 2409 hydrodynamic volume 206 - functional 1770,1880,1881, 1909, Humboldt, A. von 3 - CCP repeat 206 1922, 1929 humoral communication 1982 - chondrocytes 206 - inflammatory 1881 humoral pathology 1783 - cytokines 206 - postexercise 2156 - theory of 1783 - EGF 206 - reactive 1881 hunger 1643 - fucose 206 hyperexcitability hungry bone syndrome 1603, 1604, 1605 - galactose 206 - excitability 963 Huntington 1025, 1027, 1071, 1079,1083 - growth factors 206 hyperfiltration 1476 Hiirthle, K. 6 - Ig-SF 206 hyperglycemia Huxley, A.F. 7, 10 - LEC 206 - respiratory acidosis 1579 Huxley-Simmons model 942 - link or proteoglycan tandem repeats hypergravia - actin-myosin interface 944 206 - acceleration 2175 - structure of myosin heads 943 - link protein 206 hyperhydration 1564, 1565, 1566 Huygens, C. 2 - osteoarthritis 206 - hypertonic 1564 hyaladherins 200 - xylosyltransferase 206 - isotonic 1564 - cartilage 200 hydrogen peroxide 644, 1129 hyperinsulinemia 1430 - cell behavior 200 hydrolases 83 hyperkalemia 167,1470,1537,1539, - recognition sequence 200 hydrolysis by enzymes 1223 1540,1547, 1585, 1587, 1588, 1591, hyalin cylinders 2434 hydropathy 91 1627, 1637 hyaluronan 174,199,212 hydropathy plots 1223 - acidosis 1577 hyaluronan receptor CD44 197 hydrophilic solutes 1971 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - aggrecan 197 hydroscopicity 197 hyperkalemic periodic paralysis 272, - B lymphocytes 197 hydroxindole-O-methyltransferase 1204 1591 - carcinoma cells 197 hydroxyapatite 1601 hypermagnesemia 1602, 1605, 1606 - CD44 197 ~-hydroxy-butyrate 1576 hypermetria 1024, 1073 - CD44E 197 - acid-base balance 1576 hypernatremia 1567 - CD44H 197 -- Na+-coupled transport 1558 - restlessness 1567 - chondroitin sulfate (CS) 197 ~-hydroxybutyric acid 1580 hyperopia 763, 765 - cytoskeleton 197 - metabolic acidosis 1580 hyperosmolality 1536,1627, 1645,2225 - epithelial 197 - phosphorylation 1597 hyperosmolar solution 547 - erythrocytes 197 6-hydroxydopamine 1711 hyperosmolarity 1881 - fibrillar collagens 197 1,25 hydroxylase 1598 hyperoxia 2068, 2164 - fibroblasts 197 hydroxymethylglutaryl-(HMG)-CoA hyperparathyroidism 1539, 1540, 1541, - fibronectin 197 reductase 1382 1603, 1604, 1606 - filapidia 197 hydroxypyroline 1606 hyperphosphatemia 1539, 1540, 1541, - homophilic T cell aggregation 197 a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 413 1603, 1604, 1605 - hyaluronan 197 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-0HT) 1285, hyperplasia 908 - insertion 197 2209 - benign prostatic 2249 - aLb2-integrin 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP) 585, - myocyte cellular 2397 - laminin 197 1013 hyperpolarization - link protein 197 hyperacuity 871, 1132 - postspike (after-) 989,990,971, 1013, - lymphocyte homing 197 hyperaldosteronism 1324, 1589, 1590, 1016 - lymphocytes 197 1604, 1605 hyperreflexia - matrix glycoconjugates 197 hyperalgesia 654, 681 - hypernatremia 1567 - melanoma cells 197 - primary 682 hypersensitivity, delayed 1700 - mesenchymal cells 197 - secondary 682 hypertension 1539, 1882, 1888, 1889, - monocytes 197 -- allodynia 682 1897,1899,1902,1903,1904,1911, - mucin 197 -- pain, referred 682 1918,1920 - neural cells 197 hyperammonemia 1398, 1399, 1540, - endocrine 1903

2485 hypertension (Contd.) hypophysis 27 hypoxia 1535, 1535, 1588, 1590, 1591, - essential 1537, 1643, 1644, 1903 - anterior lobe 28 1881,1918, 1920, 1928,2046,2413, - portal 1879 hyporefiexia 1072 2414,2415 - primary pulmonary 2071 hypotaurine 1531 - acidosis 1581 - pulmonary 135 hypotension 596, 597, 1644, 1606, 1882, - alkalosis 1581 - renovascular 1903 189~ 1901, 1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, - alveolar 2073 hypertensive patients 1633 1918,1926 - respiratory acidosis 1579 hyperthermia 2211 - local cerebral glucose utilization 596 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - malignant 966,1588,2216 - respiratory acidosis 1579 hysteresis 22, 921 hyperthyroid 925 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 hyperthyroidism 1591, 1605 hypothalamic 1736 IAA 1961 hypertonic dehydration 2225 hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis Ia inhibitory neuron 632 hypertonicity 1591 1707, 1721 I band 912 hypertrophy 2075 - cell-mediated immunity 1707 ibotenic acid 814, 816 hyperventilation 571, 1535, 1565,2057, - innate immune system 1707 IC 740,745,746 2060 - type I reactions 1708 - extrinsic circuits 746 - dehydration 1565 - type II reactions 1708 - hippocampus 740 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - type III reactions 1708 - intrinsic circuits 746 hyperventilation apnea 2111 - type IV reactions 1708 - lateral geneticulate body 740

- CO2 treshold 2111 hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis - lateral mesencephalic nucleus 740 - hypercapnia 2112 1453 - nonpyramidal cells 746 - hypocapnia 2112 hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal 1722 - pyramidal cells 746 hypervolemia 1560, 1625, 1892 - alcohol-metabolites 1722 - reticular formation 740 hypnosis 1737,1739,1741,1743,1744 hypothalamus 27,31, 33, 347, 379, 397, - subparafascicular nuclei 740 hypoalbuminemia 1603 670, 1042, 1049, 1123, 1130, 1141, 1151, - suprapeduncular nuclei 740 hypoaldosteronism 1565, 1589, 1591, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1462, 1483, 1565, ICAM (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule) 1643 1625, 1626, 1627, 1631, 1634, 1638, 187 - dehydration 1564 1639,1645,1722,1735,1882,1898, ICAM-l 196 hypobaria 2189 1899,1900,2209,2232 - bacterial endotoxin LPS - oxygen, supplemental 2189 - anterior 2210,2214 (lipopolysaccharide) 196 hypocalcemia 1539, 1540, 1541, 1592, - basal 397 - CD43 196 1598, 1599, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1605 - defense reaction 347 - endothelial cells 196 hypocalciuria 1511 - dehydration 1565 - epithelial cells 196 hypocapnia 571, 1525, 1535, 1920, 1999, - hyperhydration 1566 - heterophilic counterreceptors 196 2060 - hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis - human rhinoviruses 196 - base excess 2061 350 - ICAM-2 196 - buffer base 2061 - lateral 1463 - ICAM-3 196 - metabolic acidosis 2060 - ventromedial 1463 - Ig-SF C2 subset 196 - metabolic or nonrespiratory hypothermia 1588, 1590, 1604, 1605, - aL~2-integrin 196 alkalosis 2060 1606,2216 - aM~2-integrin 196 - nonrespiratory acidosis 2060 - acid base 2217 - interferon-y (IFN-y) 196 - PcO2-bicarbonate diagram 2062 - basal heat production 2217 - leukocyte 196 - pH-bicarbonate diagram 2062 - "J" wave 2217 -- emigration 196 - pH-log PC02 diagram 2062 - metabolic acidosis 217 - monocytes 196 - renal compensation 2061 - myocardium 2217 - neutrophils 196 - respiratory alkalosis 1579,2060 - pacemaker 2217 - plasmodium falciparum 196 - respiratory compensation 2060 - pulmonary ventilation 2217 - T cells 196 - standard bicarbonate 2061 - respiratory acidosis 2217 - tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa) 196 - strong ion difference 2061 hypothesis ICc 739,740,741,743,744,747,749,751 hypodipsia 1565, 1631 - seed and soil 1731, 1743 ICd 740, 741, 744, 749, 751 - dehydration 1565 hypothyroidism 457,458,460,462,465, - sustained firing pattern 744 hypoglossal nerve 1144 466,467,468,469,1156,1903 ICE 2414 hypoglycemia 167, 1635 hypotonia 1071, 1072 ICF (s. also intracellular fluid) 1548 hypoglycemic coma 574 hypotonicity lCOR (s. also Cl-channel) 151,153, 155 hypogravia 2176 -luminal 15119 ICRAC 105 - space flight 2176 - relative 1518 ICx 740,741, 744, 749, 751 hypokalemia 1521, 1523, 1535, 1537, hypotoxia, fetal 2299 - GABAergic 741 1540, 1547, 1565, 1567, 1585, 1588, hypo toxic - thalamic reticular nucleus 741 1590, 1591, 1637 - cell death 2415 IDDM 1363 - alkalosis 1577, 1581 hypoventilation 2057, 2060 - autoimmune disease 1363 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 hypovolemia 1563, 1625, 1627, 1631, - HLA gene 1363 hypokinesia 1061 1640,1901 - MHC antigen 1363 hypokinetic flow 1779 hypoxemia 150, 1500,2006,2311,2330 identity hypothesis 1091 hypomagnesemia 1592, 1605 - metabolic acid 1580 I filament 916,918,925, 926 hyponatremia 1539, 1592, 1642, 1643, hypoxemia, effect of Ig molecule 1734 1644, 1645 - arrest of breathing 2330 IgA 1261, 1320, 1385 - beer drinker's 1635 - fetal 2313 IgA receptor 1388 hypoparathyroidism 1603, 1604, 1605, - isocapnic hypoxia 2330 IgE 124 1606 - maternal (s. also maternal IGF-I (s. also insulin-like growth factor hypoperfusion 1538, 1921, 1922, 1923, hypoxemia) 2311 1) 396,461, 1957, 2397 1924, 1930 - movements of the fetal limb and IID 737, 738, 740, 743, 747 hypophosphatemia 1527, 1604 trunk 2330 - GABAergic 738

2486 1L-l (s. also interleukin-I) 123,540, - integrins 194 1049, 1052, 1055, 1080, 1084, 1153 l380 - intercellular adhesion molecules (s. also inflammation 677, 1704, 1788, 1789, IL-2 123, 190 1CAM) 187 1881 IL-6 l380 - intercellular formation 193 - BK 133 ileum 122, 1225 - 11 194 - cardinal symptoms 1788 illuminance 2422 - laminin 193 - chronic 1790 illusory contour 793, 815 - lymphocyte homing 194 - cold spots 679 imagery 1147, 1741 - MAG 194 - injury 1967 1M CD (s. also inner medullary collecting - mesenchymal-epithelial - menthol 679 duct) 1531 interconversion 193 - pain, central 677 1MD (s. also inner medullary collecting - morphogens 193 - pain, chronic 677 duct) 1503 - multicellular organism 193 - pain, neuropathic 677 immediate early gene 1082 - myelin -associated glycoprotein (s. also - pain, nociceptive 677 immune 1142,1147,1155,1156,1157 MAG) 187 - phase transition 1788, 1789 - circulating 1740 - NCAM 194 - pus formation 1789 - competence 1725 - neural adhesion molecule (s. also 11) - warm spots 678 - competent cells 190 187 inflammatory - complex disease 1740 - neural cell adhesion molecule (s. also - bowel disease 124 - defense l30, 1894 NCAM) 187 - IL-4 129 - effect of blood rheology 1775 - neurite outgrowth, stimulation and - mediator 996 - globulines 1775 contact-dependent inhibition of 194 - reactions 127, 129 - missense mutation 190 - selectins 194 inflammatory response 214, 1741 - reactions 124 - sialylation 194 - adhesion molecules 214 - system 1731,1872,1937 - signal transduction 194 - bacterial antigens 214 immune response 214,1741,1742 - single-pass transmembrane protein - cell surface factors 214 - effector phase 1702 194 - cytokines 214 - ~2-integrins 214 - synapse formation 194 - E selectin 214 - neurotrophil recruitment 214 - transmembrane signalling 193 - ICAM-l 214 immunity - vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 - P selectin 214 - cellular 1734 (s. also VCAM-l) 187 - VCAM-l 214 - humoral 1734 - VCAM-l 194 information 21,33,40,72,304 - natural 1742 - wound healing 194 - rate 305 immunochemistry, retrograde 1711 immunology 1695 - theory 304 immunocytes 1711 - activity 1695 - transmission 295 immunocytochemistry 379 - avidity 1695 infundibulum 388 immunogen 1732 immunophysiological, principles 1707 inhibins 398, 2245 immunoglobulin 124, 129, 1697, 1731 immunoreactivity, striational 318 inhibiting surrounds 842 immunoglobulin A (s. also IgA) 1261 - autoantibodies 318 inhibition 599, 600, 654 immunoglobulin isotopes 1698 - autoimmunity 318 - cytosolic 153 immunoglobulin superfamily (s. also - thymoma 318 - Ib 1011,1016,1023,1021 19-5F) 187, 193 immunotherapy 1734 - lateral 633,657,766,807,872 - adhesion 194 impact factor 14 - mutual 766,972,999, 1000, 1001, 1002, - Ca2+ -channels impedance matching 712 1004, 1009, 1117 -- L-type 194 impulse 23, 26 - presynaptic 633, 634, 655, 656, 657, -- N-type 194 inactivation 270 749,842,1001,1010, lOll, 1022, 1023, - cell adhesion 193 incision 1888 1024, 1028 - cell surface proteoheparan sulfate 194 incranial pressure 570 - reciprocal (Ia) 632,971,999,1000, - cell surface receptors 193 incretin 1284 1001, 1002, 1003, 1009, 1011, 1023, 1028 - cell-cell interaction 194 - effect 1283, 1355 - recurrent 656,657,766,971,972,991, - cellular differentiation 193 incus 715 999, 1000, 1001, 1003, 1016, 1023, 1024, - cellular immunity 194 indicator dilution 1968 1028,1121,1122,1124,1125,1133 - cellular proliferation 193 indomethacin 132, 1632, 1928,2000, - surround 657,1121 - chemokines 193 2213, 2357 inhibitors - cytokine 193 induction 873, 875 - angiotensin-converting enzyme 2000 -- receptor (s. also CKR-SF) 193 induseum griseum 358 - sensitivity to 153 - embryogenesis 193,194 inert gas 2039 inhibitory - embryonic induction 193 - water vapor 2039 - excitatory (IE) neurons 737 - epithelial development 193 - elimination, multiple 2043 -- chopper-like 737 - extracellular matrix 193 infant nutrition 2383 - postsynaptic potential 749 - glycosaminoglycans (s. also GAG) 194 - childhood and adolescence 2383 - sidebands 748 - glycosylphosphatidylinositol (s. also - energy intake 2383 initial reaction 2115 GPI) linkage 194 infarction 1780 injury 1735 - guidance 194 - myocardial 1897 inner ear 7,697,716 - heterophilic binding 194 - rheology of 1780 inner medulla 1506,1508, 1510, 1518 - homophilic cell adhesion molecules infection 1735, 1739, 2350 inner medullary collecting duct (s. also 194 - PG receptor 2359 IMD) 1473, 1485, 1502 - Ig counterreceptor binding 194 - preterm labor 2350, 2359 inner stripe of outer medulla 1472 - 19-5F 194 infectious diseases 1742 innervation 307, 1370 - immune system 194 inferior colliculus 732, 738, 839 - afferent 1612 - infection 194 - onset PSTH 733 - cholinergic 1931 - inflammation 194 - primary-like 735 - extrinsic 1338 - inflammatory response 194 inferior olive 642,988, 1035, 1047, 1048, - intrinsic 1338

2487 innervation (Contd.) - adenosine diphosphate (ADP) 192 - long-range 881 - sympathergic 7 - blood coagulation cascade 192 interaural - sympathetic 1612 - collagen 192 - intensity differences 735 inositol 1510, 1547 - epinephrine 192 - phase differences 735 - triphosphate 931, 1313 - fibrinogen receptor 192 interaural time 839 - 1,4,5-trisphosphate (s. also IP,) 95,99, - fibronectin 192 - differences 735 100, 101, 102, 1054, 1451, 1983,2224 - G proteins 192 interblob 799,814,815,819,825 inotropic effect 134 - inside-out signaling 192 intercalated cells 1502,1503, 1504,1523, - negative 123 - ~2-integrins 192 1534,1535,1537,1575, 1588 - positive 1638 - intracellular pH and Ca2+ intercellular canaliculus 2221 input resistance 989, 990 concentration 192 intercellular communication 1962 insect cells 1223 - megakaryoblast 191 - arterial hypertension 1962 insensible perspiration 1626 - phosphatidylinositol turnover 192 - diabetic micro angiopathy 1962 inside-out signaling 190 - RGD sequence 192 - gap junctions 1962 inspiratory reserve volume 2436 - thrombin 192 - ischemia 1962 instruction 974,1014,1027,1028,1059, - thrombospondin 192 - oscillations in membrane potential 1062, 1064, 1068, 1069 - vitronectin 192 1962 instrumental conditioning 1167 - vitronectin receptor av~3 191 - synchronization insulin 124, 129, 157, 159, 160, 167,551, - von Willebrand factor 192 -- spatial 1962 1219,1340,1377,1382,1396, 1406, integrin a5~1 (s. also VLA5 and -- temporal 1962 1433, 1448, 1518, 1519, 1521, 1524, fibronectin receptor) 190 - vascular rhythmicity 1962 1551, 1562, 1585,1587,1590, 1591, - divalent cationbinding sites 190 - vasomotion 1962 1596,1599,1601, 1602, 1603, 1604, - fibroblasts 190 intercellular glutamine cycle 1398 1605, 1646, 1656, 1903 - laminin receptor 190 intercellular junction 1967 - actions 1448 - leukocytes 190 interference pattern 913, 914, 915 -- stimulation of glucose 1434 -lymphocytes 190 interferon 127, 1602, 1735 - concentration 1448 - lymphocytes B 190 - IN!' 127 - decreased number of receptors 2396 - memory T cells 190 y-interferon 123 - glucose transport 1346 - monocytes 190 interleukin 124, 126, 131, 133, 135, 1733, - glycogen 1346 - muscle cells 190 1735, 1937 - inactivation 1448 - platelets 190 - IL-l (s. also interleukin J) 126 - oscililation 1353 - VLA antigens 190 - IL-2 126 -- pacemaker 1353 integrin family 182, 187, 188 - Il-3 126 - proinsulin 1356 - adhesion molecules 188 - IL-4 126 - receptor 1345, 1359, 1449 - cell communications 188 interleukin I 123,394, 1380, 1602,2212 -- substrate 1450 - coagulation 188 - interferons 2212 - resistance 1364, 1430 - embryogenesis 188 - tumor necrosing factor 2212 -- of cells 2396 - inflammation 188 interleukin-1~ 1712 - sensitivity, reduced 2397 - platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-llIa 187 interleukin -1 a 2245 - structure 1448 - protein-protein interactions 182 interleukin-6 1375, 1380, 2212 - synthesis 1448 - tumor metastasis 188 internal insulin secretion 1347, 1448, 1351 - vitronectin receptor 187 - capsule 625, 626, 1083, 1153 - glucose concentration 1347 - wound healing 188 - carotid 561 insulin-like growth factor 1383, 1602, integrin receptor clustering J 87 - feedback 835 2245 - cadherins 187 - jugolar veins 562 insulin-like growth factor I (s. also - cell adhesion 187 - model 975, 980, 982, 983, 984, 1018, IGF-I) 396,2397 - cell flattening 190 1027, 1028, 1060, 1085 - GH (s. also growth hormone) 2398 - cell-cell interrelations 187 - reproductive organs - GH administration 2398 - cell-mat ric interactions 187 -- secretion 2257 - GH deficiency 2398 - cellular immunity 187 interneurons 742 - GH on glucose 2398 - division 190 interpositus (interposed) 1047, 1050 - GH levels 2398 - fibronectin type III repeats 187 interpositus (interposed) 1064,1073, integrations 2211 - focal contact 190 1074, 1079, 1080 integrin 1988 - histiogenesis 187 INTERSALT study 1643 ~l-integrin 189 - homophilic cell adhesion molecules interstitial ~2-integrin 189 (s. also CAM) 187 - collagenases 178 ~3-integrin 189 - Ig homology unit 187 - compartment 1975 integrin al~2 (s. also LFA-l) 191 - integrin receptors 187 - fluid 1545, 1548, 1888, 1893, 1974 - cell-cell interaction 191 - migration 190 - fluid volume 1554, 1975 - EF hand 191 - platelet membrane protein CD9 187 - space 1548, 1625 - endothelial cells 191 - signal transduction 187 - volume 1552 - immune cells 191 - spreading 190 interstitial nephritis 1538, 1565 - immune response 191 intellectual precocity 1147 - acetohexamide 1565 - intercellular adhesion molecule 191 intelligence 1107 - amphotericin B 1565 - leukocyte adhesion 191 intensity 661 - amyloidosis 1565 - lymphocytes 191 - coding 652,661 - angiographic dyes 1565 - macrophages 191 intensity difference 839 - cisplatin 1565 - monocytes 191 - tactile sensations 839 - colchicine 1565 - natural killer cells 191 intention 1027, 1068, 1070, 1091 - cyclophosphamide 1565 - neutrophils 191 interaction 95 - gentamycin 1565 integrinaIIb~3 (s. also platelet - hormone-receptor 95 - isophosphamide 1565 glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa) 191 - local-global 882 - methicillin 1565

2488 - methoxyfluorane 1565 250,251,253,254,257,260,932,962, - protein complex 166 - propoxyphene 1565 1949,1222 irritability - sickle cell anemia 1565 - Ca" 254 - hypernatremia 1567 - vinblastine 1565 - Ca" L 254 ischemia 150,1500,1510,1539,1881, interstitium 1549, 1889, 1893, 1894 - CFTR 254 1882, 1918, 1921, 1922,2066,2413, interstripe 814,815,819 - Cl 254 2414,2415,2416 intestinal 134 - Cl CLC-O 254 - acidosis 1581 - blood flow 1422 - CIICI 254 - cardiac 83 - Ca 2+ reabsorption 1534 - CIICOR 254 - intestinal 1410 - epithelia 1228 - driving forces 250 - metabolic acid 1580 - juice 1550 - K+ Big K 253 ischemic - phase of secretion 1246 - K+ DR 253 - cell death 2415 intestine 133, 150, 159, 160, 161, 162, - K+ GIRK-l 253 - damage 1538 467, 1225, 1228, 1230, 1408, 1419, 1434, - K+ KGA 253 - heart disease 2409, 2411 1460, 1483, 1485, 1563, 1640, 1895, - K+ MINK 253 - preconditioning 1922 2225,2327 - K+-permeable 718 ischiocavernous - necrotizing enterocolitis 2327 - K' RACTK-l 253 - muscle 1936 - 02 consumption 2327 - K- rcKATP 253 islet of Langerhans 1346 - 02 extraction 2327 - K' ROMK-l 253 iso-leucine 1531 intima 1870,1871,1872,1893 - Na' 253 iso-osmotic H,o transport 1496 intima layers 1941 - NS cation 254 isoenzymes 898 intoxication, self-induced water 1635 - structure of 249 isofrequency intracellular ion channel, sarcolemmal - sheet 747, 750 - pH 1571 - voltage-gated 964 - strip 748, 750 - receptor 431 ion channel, stretch-activated 1951 isolated organs 5, 16 - space 1545, 1549 - basal arterial tone 1951 isolation of channel molecules 293 - systems 1859 - myogenic tone 1951 - Na+ channels 293 - voltage 1221 - non-selective 1951 isoleucine 2428 intracellular (s. also ICF) fluid 1548 ionic isometric 918,919,920,924,925,926, "intracrine" 2245 - curren ts 163 927, 930 intralobular ducts 1321 - gradients 2414 - maxima 922, 924 intraluminal flow 1960 - memory 1161 isophones 712 - circulatory homeostasis 1960 - radius 2424 isophosphamide 1565 intrapleural pressure 1539,2017 ionic currents, biophysics of 510 isoproterenol 1480, 1633,2224 intravasation 217 - conductivity 510 isotonic 918,919,924,926,928 intravascular thrombotic potential 1989 - current density 510 - maxima 922, 923 intravscular pressure 1866 - current dipole 511 isotonic fluid 553 intrinsic factor - electric field 510 lTD 736,738, 739, 740, 743 introns 313 - magnetic field 510,511 - GABAergic 743 inulin 1220, 1474, 1475, 1476, 1485, 1554 - poisson equation 510 ITO cells 1369, 1371 - clearance 2438 ionic microenvironment of cells 211 in vitro perfusion of isolated segments invariance 816, 882, 884 - amphiphilicity 211 1498 invariant characteristic (IC) 1020,1021, - HA 211 1022 - proteoglycans 211 jet lag 481,1210,1715 invasion ionic selectivity 286 - initiation of T cell reponses 1715 - basment mebranes 215 - Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation 286 - microdustering 1715 - of the extracellular matrix 215 ionomycin 1505 - T cell receptor/CD3 complex 1715 inward-rectifier 1950 IP, (inositol-l,4,5-triphosphate) 89,95, JGA 1483 iodide 98,99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 109, jitter 749 - channel 455 111,116,123,129,131,144,156,191, JND (s. also just noticeable difference) -uptake 453,454,455,459 247,261,850,931, 1313, 1527, 1716, 712 iodination 453, 456 1722, 1860, 2223, 2224 Johansson, J.E, 7 iodine 453 -Ca'+flux 1716 joint - deficiency 461, 468 - CD3 molecules 191 - receptor 992, 996, 1003 - intake 453, 454 - cytokines 191 journals, number of 12 - metabolism of 454 - cytoskeleton 191 junction feet 948 - uptake 452 - diacylglycerol (s. also DAG) 191 junctional belt 81 (14C) iodoantipyrine 567 - differentiation 191 junctions, intercellular 1315 iodolactones 461 - exocytosis 191 just noticeable difference (s. also iodothalamate 1475, 1476 - phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphophate JND) 712 ion 1322 (s. also PIP,) 191 juxtaglomerular apparatus (s. also - activities 1222 - proliferation 191 JGA) 1473, 1483, 1501, 1591 - binding, specific 211 - receptor 101, 104,904, 105 juxtamedullary glomeruli 1535 - conductances 963 - T cell-proliferate responses 1723 - mobility 2425 (l,4,5)IP, 260 K- 572,931,1547,1548,1549,2166

- pores 163 IP 4 100, 105, 107,260 - absorption 166 - pump 254,257,1952 IPD 737 - activity 2414 - selective 1222 IPSC 275 - clearance 536 - selective electrodes 1220, 2428 IPSP 275 - concentration 1536, 1540, 1881 - selective microelectrodes 155 iris 758 - conductance 152, 167, 1221, 1227, - selectivities 248, 249, 153, 1225 IRKI 274 1229,1500,1502,1503,2223,2224 ion channels 150, 151, 153, 167,246, iron 2302 - cotransport 1551

2489 K+ (Contd.) - sulfonylurea 1350 kinocilium 704 - daily turnover 1550 KAl-2 278 Kirchhoff's law 1219, 1220, 1222,2007 - deficiency kainate 277 KM values 159 -- alkalosis 1581 kaliuresis 1511, 1513 knee jerk 2441 - diet 1537 kallidin 131,132, 1882 "knockout mouse" 966 - diffusion voltage 246 kallikrein 131, 132, 1320, 1329, 1882, knowledge of results 983, 1060, 1085 - ECF 1548 2240 Kolliker, A. 5 - efflux 2415 - BK 132 Kohlrausch, A. 6 - equilibrium potential 1999 Kanizsa 881 Konig, A. 6 - excretion 1490, 1506, 1513, 1521, 1535 Kant, I. 3, 14 koniocortex 1112

- extracellular 1558 KATP 1950, 1960 Korsakoff's syndrome 373, 1164 - homeostasis 1537 Kc, 1950, 1960 Krebs cycle 929 - rCF 1548 KCl cotransport 1499, 1547 Kreidl, A. 6 - intracellular 1558 KCl cotransporter 1228 Kries, J. von 6 -loss 2416 KCI exit 259 Krogh - lung inflation vasodilator reflex 2167 KCl secretion 166 - cylinder 2064 - McArdle's syndrome 2167 KCl symport - diffusion constant 2046

- metabolism 1490, 1537, 1585, 1586 - extracellular 1558 -O2 diffusion constant 2064 - pathway 800,813,825 - intracellular 1558 Krogh, A. 7 - plasma 1548 Kearns-Sayre syndrome 960 Krogh-Erlang equation 1971 - reabsorption 1496, 1497, 1537 Kelvin 2421 Kronecker, H. 6 - receptors 1627 Kepler, J. 2,3 Krummacher, O. 6 - recovery of 1521 "Keplerian" flight (s. also parabolic krypton-85 (85Kr) 566 - recycling of 167 flight) 2177 Kiihne, W. 6, 8, 9, 10 - secretion 1218,1323, 1504, 1512, 1513, keratan sulfate 199 Kupffer cells 1369, 1371, 1379, 1401 1535, 1537, 1538, 1637 keratin 87 kwashiorkor 1341 - sparing diuretics 1513 keratinocytes 124, 125, 190 kymograph 5 - transference number 1585 ketamine 2413 - uptake 167,536 ketanserin 101 L-aminoisobutyrate 1558 K+ channel 110, 153, 155, 156, 157, 167, ketoacidosis 1535, 1605 L-arginine 1876, 1878, 1882 247,248,249,252,254,259,260,1496, - metabolic acid 1580 L-aspartate 1531, 1558 1175,1177,1221,1222,1226,1227, a-ketoglutarate 161, 1393 L-carnitine 2248 1229, 1494, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1537, ~-ketoglutarate L-citrulline 1878 1538, 1585, 1587, 1881, 1950,2222,2352 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 L-dopa 1013 - acid-base balance 1577 ketone bodies 1574 L-glucose 1529, 1530 - agonists 902 ketonuria L -glutamate 786 - arteriolar inward rectifier 1999 - dehydration 1564 L-glutamine 1494,1524 - C-type 718 Kf 1476, 1477, 1478, 1479, 1485 L-histidine 1558 - channel genes 963 kidney 124, 131, 132, 160, 163, 166,253, L-lysine 1558 - intracellular pH 1571 256, 258, 468, 998, 1575, 1576, 1890, L-phenylalanine 1558 - inward rectifier 274 1902, 1924, 1925, 1930, 2326, 2416 L-proline 1558 - K+ permeability 1950 - acid-base balance 1576 L-type Cal> channel 103, 104, 145 -- four types of 1950 - blood flow 2439 L-type Ca2+ current 105 K+ channels - buffers 1573 L1 187 - ATP-sensitive K+ channels 1951,1960 - dehydration 1565 La'+ 105,254, 256, 261 - Ca2+ channel open probability 1951 - dynamic range of 1470 "labeled lines" 857 - cromakalim 1951, 1960 - elimination of H+ 1574 labelling - delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent - fetal hypoxemia 2326 - antibody 15 1950, 1951 - function 2438 labor 2347,2350 - glibenclamide 1951 - glomerular filtration 2326 - cardinal movements of 2348 - input resistance 1951 - glycolysis 2326 labyrinth 981,991, 1027 - inward-rectifier 1951 - hyperhydration 1566 -lateral 80 - K+ channel openers 1951 - hypokalemia 1591 lacrimal gland 141 - K+ equilibrium potential 1951, 1960 - maternal hypoxemia 2326 lactacidosis 930 -Kc, channels 1950 - medulla 164 - metabolic acid 1580 - membrane hyperpolarization 1951 - renal gluconeogenesis 2326 lactate 587,929, 1532, 1558, 1574, 1911, - nicorandil 1951 - salt-losing 1604 1927,1929,1999,2223,2302 - prostacyclin 1951 - stones 1513 - alkalosis 1581 - tension development 1951 - tubule 167 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 K+ channel openers 1960, 1951 killer cell 2414 - threshold 2145 - Ca2' channel, voltage-dependent kinase 106 lactation 386, 398, 1605, 1638, 1639 1960 - JAK family of 443 lacteals 1279 - diazoxide 1960 - serine/threonine 443 lactic acid 929,931,997, 1572, 1576, - hyperpolarization 1960 kinesin 86 1577, 2067 - pinacidil 1960 kinesthesia 627,659, 660, 665 - acid-base balance 1576 K++K+- ATPase 1249,1265 kinetic 153,158,160 - pK 1572 K+/Cl- cotransporter 1324 - constants 158,249, 556 lactobionate 2416 K+/H+ exchange 166 - contours 876 lactoglobulin 2431 K+/H+-ATPase 1588 - threshold 44, 47 lactose 1601,2431 K+2Cl- cotransport 1547 kinetoses 707 lactotropes 391 K\TPchannel 1349,1350 kinin 1483, 1484, 1881, 1882 lacunosum/moleculare cell 1123 - diazoxide 1350 kininogen 131 lag 26,27

2490 - first-order 24, 25, 26 - cells, bipolar 777 Li< 100, 1599, 1641, 1645 Lambert-Eaton syndrome 319 - cells, horizontal 777 - clearance 2439 lamellipodia 24 LCAT (s. also lecithin:cholesterol liberine/statine 98 - actin polymerization 2410 acetyltransferase) 1277, 1380, 1381 libido 2247 lamina 1116 LDL 84, 1275, 1279,2429 Liddle syndrome 1590 - elastic 1870, 1872 - particle 84 Lieberkiihn glands 1227 - ganglionaris 1113 - receptor 84, 1381 Lieberkiihn, cryptus of 1260 - granularis - cholesterol 2301 Liebig, J. 10 -- extern a 1113 lead 26 life expectancy 2407, 2409 -- intern a 1113 - first order 27 "life sciences" 16 - multiformis 1113 - second order 27 lifespan 2391,2394, 2403 - pyramidalis 1113 leaky integrator 24 - average 2394 - zonalis 1113 lean body mass 1426 - compensatory physiological lamina terminalis 387, 1564, 1628 - shrinking of the 2397 adjustment 2403 - organum vasculosum 387 learned helplessness 1736 - "compression of morbidity" 2403 laminar flow 1753 learning 38,398, 628, 668, 974, 975, 976, - disability 2403 - thermal agitation in 1753 978,980,982,983, 1040, 1042, 1046, - disease 2403 lamination 1107, 1112, 1123, 1134 1051, 1053, 1054, 1060,1062, 1066, 1068, - maximum (s. also maximum laminin 178, 185, 208, 540, 1871 1072, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1078, lifespan) 2394 - basement membrane 185 1079, 1080, 1082, 1083, 1085, 1086, ligand-gated 913 - embryogenesis 185 1105, 1106, 1122, 1126, 1130, 1131, ligand-receptor complexes 442 - entactin 185 1132, 1133, 1141 - autocatalytic 443 - self-associated 185 - associative 1167 light/dark cycle 1199 laminin-binding protein CBP 35 187 - perceptual-motor 871 lightness 822 - cell adhesion 187 lecithin:cholesterol acetyltransferase light therapy 1210 - cell adhesion molecules 187 (s. also LeAT) 1277,1380,1381 limbic 628,669,670, 1012, 1013, 1042, - cell-cell adhesion molecules 187 Leeuwenhoek,A.von 2,3,1865 1043, 1046, 1049, 1054, 1060, 1061, - cell-cell contact protein 187 left atrial mean pressure 2437 1071,1086,1151,1153,1154 - cellular growth 187 left atrium 1890 - system 823 - differentiation 187 left ventricular end-diastolic pressure limbs 839 - junction formation 187 2437 limen - polarity 187 left ventricular end-diastolic volume - stimulus 712 Landolt 765 2437 limit cycle 30,33,516,517 Langendorff heart 1874 left ventricular end-systolic volume - chaotic attractor 517 Langerhans, islet of 1346 2437 - linearity 517 language left ventricular peak systolic pressure Limulus 657 - development 2388 2437 Lindhagen, E.M. 7 -linguistic 1047, 1075, 1076, 1137, 1138, Lehmann, G. 6 Lineweaver-Burk plot 1529 1139,1140,1141,1143,1144,1145, Leibniz, G.W. 2 link 1155, 1156, 1157 length-force (length-tension) relation - mind-body 1738 Laplace 1922 922, 926, 932 link protein 205 large pores 1970, 1974, 1975 lens 3, 758, 759, 761, 763, 770 - aggrecan 206 latch 899, 907 Leonardo da Vinci 2 linking propositions 872 - state 899, 1872, 1947 lethargy 1606 lipacidogenesis 1445 late outward current 289 - hypernatremia 1567 lipase 202, 1271,2432 - choline 289 LeuCAM 189 - bile-salt-activated 1273 lateral leucine 1531,2428 - cholesterol esterase 1273 - diffusion 91, 92 - zipper 273 - hepatic 1277, 1281 - geniculate body (s. also nucleus) 628, leukemias 1604 - hormone-sensitive 1278 644 leukocyte 121, 123, 124, 134,2430,2434 - non specific 1315 - geniculate nucleus, body (LGN) 794, - IgE 134 - pancreatic 1273, 1277 797,798,799,800,801,804,805,808, - integrins 189 - phosphorylation 1597 809,814,815,819,825, 1112, 1117, 1118 - rolling 214 - lipoprotein 1277

- lemniscus 737 leukocyte adhesion 214 lipase A, (PLA 2) 2354 - OC 751 - endothelial cells, activated 214 lipid 88,90,91,463,466,2301 - rectus muscle 758 leukodiapedesis 128, 133 - A 2211 - space 1224, 1225 leukotrien 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 123, - bilayer 88,90,92, 149, 150, 156, 168, - superior olive 735 135, 1382, 1566, 1881,2076 246, 1223, 2410, 2411 Lavoisier 3, 1865 - hyperhydration 1566 - ether 88, 89 laxatives 1266 level of hydrostatic indifference 1905 -- solubility 90 layer Levi-Montalcini, R. 7 - fractions 2428 - I 746 Lewis hunting response 2204 - metabolism 2247 - II 746 Leyden flask 3 - peroxidation 1539,2410,2411 - III 746,749,750 Leydig cells 2236 - solubility 149, 546, 548 - IV 746,749 LFA-l (s. also integrin alB2) 191 - synthesis 91 - V 746,479,750 LFP (509) - transfer protein 1280 - VI 746, 747, 749, 750 19-5F 187 lipocortin 119 layer, inner plexiform 778 LGN (s. geniculate nucleus body) lipocortin-1 1713 - amacrine 778 LH 397,477,2236 lipolysis 1931 - ganglion cell 778 - cyclic AMP 1597 - metabolic acidosis 1580 - interplexiform 778 LHRH (s. also luteinizing hormone (LH)• lipopolysaccharide 1712,1713,2211 layer, outer plexiform 777 releasing hormone 388, 396, 397 lipoprotein 166,202, 1274, 1873

2491 lipoprotein (Contd.) - recurrent excitation 504 lower-body positive pressure 2177 - a (s. also Lp(a)) l382 local field potential (LFP) 509 Lp(a) l382 - high-density l380, 2429 localization, correct 165 LPA (s. also acid, lysophosphatidic) 108 - intermediate-density 1380 location (position) 792, 793, 803, 804, LSD (s. also lysergic acid - lipase l381 813, 823, 824 diethylamide) 574 - low-density l380, 2429 locomotion 33, 35, 634, 668, 926, 971, LSO 737, 738, 739, 740 - very-low-density l380 972,977,990,991,998,1002,1007, LTD (s. also long-term depression) liposolubility l315 100~ 1009, 101~ 1011, 1012, 1014, 1177,1178 liposomes 1223 1018,1019,1020,1024,1025,1027, LTP (s. also long-term potentiation 479, lipostatic theory 1463 1029, 1042, 1047, 1052, 1072, 1083, 527,1170,1177 lipoxin 119 1147, 1154 lubricant l309 lipoxygenase 117, l35, 1881 - fictive 1008, 10 l3 Luciani, L. 6 5-lipoxygenase 119, 121 locomotor activity 1201 lucifer yellow 139,141 12-lipoxygenase 119, 121, 124 - circadian clock 1201 Ludwig, C. 5,6,7,8, 10, 11, 14 15-lipoxygenase 119,121 locomotor system 2397 Ludwig's kymograph 9 liquid junction potentials 2425 locus lumen 768 liquor 1552 - coeruleus 627, 628 - negative voltage 1504 Lissauer 624, 627 - subcoeruleus 627,1151,1152 - positive voltage 1500 lithium ions 1565 locus coeruleus 998, 991, 1002, 1007, lumican 201 - Fanconi syndrome 1565 1013,1051,1061,1115,1123,1151, luminal - hypercalcemia 1565 1152, 1153, 1736, 1920 - flow rate 1504 - hypokalemia 1565 Loeb, J. 6 - membrane 1496, 1499, 1500, 1503, - loop diuretics 1565 Lohmann reaction 929,931 1504,1505,1511, 1512, 15l3, 1518, - mannitol 1565 long-distance runners 1588 1520, 1536, 1537 - paroxysmal hypertension 1565 long-term depression (s. also LTD) - Na' delivery 1504 - protein-depleted diet 1565 1177, 1178 - pH 1523 - renal tubular acidosis 1565 long-term potentiation (s. also LTP) luminance 769 - urea 1565 1170, 1177 luminous flux 2422 lithostathine l330 long-term synaptic change, plasticity luminous intensity 2421 liver l31, 157, 159, 160,466,1226, 1407, 1112,1121,1125,1128, 1l30, 1l31, lung 162, 1574, 1575, 1890, 1891, 1895, 1434, 1463, 1484, 1494, 1524, 1545, 1132, 1133 2071,2416 1574,1930,2325,2416 longevity 2410 - p-adrenergic 2326 - acid-base balance 1576 looking, preferential 870 - a-adrenergic 2326 - acinus l393 looming detectors 876 - airways 2037 - blood flow 2439 loop diurectic 258, 1481, 1484, 1485, - cancer 2409,2411 - elimination of W 1574 1502, 1512, 1513, 1538, 1539, 1565, - cervical vagotomy 2326 - gluconeogenesis 2325 1589,1590 - electrical stimulation 2326 - hemodynamics 1369 loop of Henle 122,1471,1472,1485, - elimination ofH+ 1574 - insufficiency 1576 1486,1506 - parasympathetic blockade 2326 -- acidosis 1581 - ascending limbs 1506 - phentolamine 2326 - periportal 1442,1444, 1446 - cortical thick ascending limb 1492 - pulmonary vascular resistance 2326 - perivenous zone 1440, 1442, 1444, - descending limbs 1506 - sympathetic nerves 2326 1446 - descending thin limb 1507 lung capacity, total 2019,2436 liver cirrhosis l398, 1565, 1642 - medullary thick ascending limb 1492 - compliance curve 2019 - hyperhydration 1566 - thick ascending limb (s. also TAL) - diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibers LKA (s. also Iymphokine-activated killer 162, 1220, 1221, 1223, 1225, 1229, 1230, 2020 cells) 1740 1490, 1507, 1508, 1518, 1519, 1521, - lung recoil 2021 LL 739 1522, 1523, 1559 - pulmonary emphysema 2020 LLPDD (s. also late luteal phase - thin ascending limb 1491, 1492, 1507, - specific compliance 2020 dysphoric disorder) 489 1508, 1510 - surface forces 2020, 2021 lobe loops lung compliance 2018 - frontal 803,820, 1137, 1139, 1140, - thin descending limb of short 1508 - spirometer 2019 1150 - thin descending limbs of long 1508 - transpulmonary pressure 2018 - inferotemporal 879 Lorenz attractor 62 lung development 2328 - occipital 790, 1139 Lorenz, K. 7 - canalicular stage 2328 - parietal 803, 820, 824, 879, 1145, 1150 Loschmidt's constant 2425 - pseudoglandular stage 2328 - piriform 1151 losse fiber matrix 1975 - pulmonary development 2328 - temporal 790, 803, 824, 825, 1139, loudness 712, 1098 lung volumes 2024 If40, 1156 Loven, C. 6 - functional residual capacity 2024 LOC 752 low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor - helium equilibrium technique 2024 local anesthetics 1932 repeats 187 - N, washout technique 2024 local blood flow 574 - cell adhesion 187 - pletysmographic technique 2025 - activity 574 - divalent cations 187 - residual volume 2024 local circuit theory 288 - EF-hand motifs 187 - total lung capacity 2024 local circuits 504 - EGF repeats 187 LUT 1611, 1618 - combinatorial processing 505 - entactin, post -translational - cortical influences on the 1621 - direction selectivity 507 modifications of 187 - discomfort 1615 - efference copy 505 - RGD sequence 187 - dysfunction of the 1621 - feedforward excitation 504 - spreading 187 - filling (storage) phase 1614 - oscillatory activity 506 low-pass 27 - functional anatomy of the 1611 - pacemaker cell 504 lower urinary tract (s. also LUT) 1611 - outflow, sympathetic to the 1618 - receptive field organization 506 lower-body negative pressure 2177 - pain 1615

2492 - peripheral innervation of the 1612 lysosome 83,84,85,86, 150, 166, 1531, malleus 715 - receptors in the 1619 2349 malnutrition 1425 - sensations 1615 lysozyme 1261 - protein -energy 1431 - transmitters in the 1619 malonate 1533 - urodynamics of the 163 M current 1111,1112 Malpighi, M. 2, 3, 1865 luteinizing hormone (LH) 31,33,2232 M line 912,919 - tubule 166 - releasing factor 1141 M wave lOll mammalian-type nephrons 1506 luteolysis 2243 M-channel 275 mammary luteotropin 98 mACh (s. also muscarinic ACh) 315 - gland 1935 lux 768 Mach band, contrast 766 mammillary body 1124, 1153 lymph 1894,1974,1975 macromolecular structure 198 mammotropes 391 - capillaries 1975 macromolecules 2303 manager program 77 - circulation 1975 macrophage colony stimulating factor Mangold, E. 6 - collection 1895 receptor 194 manic-depressive states 100 - concentration 1975 macro phages 84, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, manning compound 101 - flow 1893,1895, 1907, 1976 130,134,135,240,1732,1733,1740, mannitol 1565, 1599, 1601, 1602,2416 - nodes 1709, 1893, 1934, 1968, 1974 1742,1870,1882,1885,1990,2212,2238 manometry 6 - transport 1895 macropsia 790 MAO inhibitors 1642, 1883 lymphangioms 1894, 1895 macula densa 1471, 1472, 1481, 1484, map 635,638,639,640,641,642,643, lymphoreticular (lymphatic) system 1485, 1539, 1560, 1640, 1926 644,645,655,657,660,665,669,670, 1710 - cells 1483, 1501, 1884 671,672,673,674,983,984,1040,1106, - flow of lymph 1710 - hypokalemia 1591 1128, ll29, 1132 lymphatic 1888, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1930, macula lute a 757 - motor 982, 1040, 1078 1931, 1968, 1974 maculae 697,703 - proprioceptive 669 - drainage 1977 MAG 187,617 - sensory 982, 1078 - network, extensive 2076 Magendie, F. 4,5,7, 14 - of reality 1744 - system 1921 "magic eye" 876 - somatosensory 660,670 - terminal 1975 magnesiuria 1599 - somatotopic 670, 671 lymphocyte homing 187 magnetic - visuomotor 669 lymphocyte-homing receptors 201 - fields 509 MAP (s. also microtubule-associated - collagen type I 201 - flux 2422 proteins) 609 - collagen, type II 201 -- density 2422 - kinase 905 - decorin 201 - imaging 16 - 2-K 100 - galactose 201 - inductance 2422 - 2 kinase 101 - heparin 201 - resonance imaging 798, 880, 1076, MAPK 1717 - hyaluronan (HA) 201 1138, 1139 Marangoni roles (s. also Benard - syndecan 201 - resonance morphometry ll40, ll44 experiment) 53 - xylose 201 magneto encephalogram (MEG) 509 marasmus 1431 lymphocytes 124, 541, 1888, 1890, 1893, - binding 509 Marfan syndrome 178 2247, 2430 - gating 509 - allysine 178 lymphoid organs, innervation 1711 - matching 509 - aneurysm 179 - catecholaminergic 1711 - modulating 509 - arachnodactyly 179 - cholinergic 1711 magnocellular (M) cell, pathway 797, - chest and spine deformity 179 - noradrenergic 1711 800,804,809,814,815,816,818,819, - desmosine 178, 179 - serotonergic 1711 820,825 - gigantism 179 lymphoid tissues, mucosal-associated Magnus, Bernhard Gustav 1865 - ionogenic amino acids 178 1709 major histocompatibility complex (s. also - isodesmosine 178, 179 lymphokine 124, 1742 MHC) 188 - joint laxity 179 lymphokine-activated killer cells (s. also major histocompatibility complex, class - lens dislocation 179 LAK) 1740 II 1990 - lysyl oxidase 179 lymphomas 1604 - IL-l 1990 - mitral valve prolapse 179 lysergic acid diethylamide (s. also LSD) - lL-2 1990 - myopia 179 574 - T-helper cells 1990 marginal zone 624, 627 lysine 1531, 1601,2428 malabsorption 1431, 1604, 1605, 1606 marine biology lyso-PAF 135 malate - station 10 lysophosphatic acid (s. also LPA) 108 - Na- -coupled transport 1558 marker lysosomal pH 1551 maldigestion 1431 - fluid phase 85 lysosomal storage diseases 206 male 2253 marrow 1937 - brain and muscle atrophy 206 male internal reproductive organs 2256 Martinotti cell 1108, 1110, 1112 - endoplasmic reticulum 206 - ATP 2257 masking 873 - glycosylation 206 - blood flow 2257 - spatial frequency 874 - hereditary disorders of connective - contraction 2256 mass action, neural 44, 49 tissue 206 - noradrenaline 2257 masseter reflex 2441 - heterogeneity, genotypic 208 - pudendal artery 2257 mast cell 84,85,92, 124, 126, 127, 1870, - heterogeneity, phenotypic 208 - transmitter 2257 1881,1894 - lysosomal enzymes 206 male reproductive reflexes 2257 - degranulation 133 - lysosomal storage diseases 206 - spinal reflex 2257 mastication 33, 971, 998, 1007, 1008, - lysosomes 206 - supraspinal mechanisms 2257 1011,1018,1019,1234 - mucopolysaccharides 206 - (supraspinal) "psychogenic" materialism 1091, 1092 - mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter mechanisms 2257 maternal hypoxemia 2311 syndrome) 206 malignancy 1603, 1642 - circulatory centralization 2311 - visceromegaly 206 malignant glioma 1156 - fetal hypoxemia 2311

2493 maternal hypoxemia (Contd.) meconium ileus 2225 1222,2414,2415 - isocapnic hypoxemia 2311 media 1870, 1871, 1872, 1882, 1893, membrane carrier matrix 37,38,41 1895 - specific 1967 - fibrous 1967, 1974 medial membrane depolarization 1947 - proteins 202 - forebrain bundle 1153 - action potential 1947 - space 82, 86, 163 - geniculate body (s. also nucleus) 628, - Ca'+ antagonists 1948,1952 matrix metalloproteinase 217 738 - Cah channel, voltage-dependent 1952 - growth factor 217 - layers 1941 - Ca'+ influx 1952 maturation and development 590 - lemniscus 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 637, - force development, agonist-induced maximal breathing capacity 2409, 2436 645, 988 1948 maximal expiratory flow 2436 - longitudinal fasciculus 832 - graded depolarization 1947 - rate 2435 - nucleus (s. also MGBm) 740 - mechanical force 1948 maximal life span 2407, 2408, 2409, - nucleus of the trapezoid body 735 - membrane potential 1948 2410,2411,2417 - OC 751 - Na++K+-ATPase 1952 maximal transport rate 1529 - rectus muscle 758 - Na+ICa2+ exchanger 1952 maximum lifespan 2394 - superior olive 735 - plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase 1952 - pathology associated with old age medial temporal lobes 1162, 1164 - small arteries 1948 2394 - retrograde amnesia 1165 - small arteries and arterioles 1948, MBGv 747 median eminence 1152 1952 - convergent 747 mediastinum 2076 - stationary activation curve 1948 Mc Ardle's disease 959 mediators 138 - transmembrane Ca2+ homeostasis 1952 McCollough 876 meditation 1739,1741,1744 - transmembrane Na+ gradient 1952 MCS, biological effects of 419 medulla 1151,2001 - vascular contraction 1947 - aldosterone escape 421 - oblongata 260,625,627,630,637,987, - vasoconstriction 1947 - aldosterone-induced proteins 419 1645,1897,1898 - vasodilatation 1948 - amiloride 420 medullary - vasomotion 1947 - corticosteroid receptors, distribution - collecting duct 1492, 1506 membrane hyperpolarization 1947,1952 of 420 - wash out 1482 membrane lipids - glucose metabolism 422 megakaryocytes 1668 - synthesis of 85 - H+ secretion 422 meiosis 2242 membrane potential 24, 1349, 1948, - K+ channel 421 Meissner 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 1961 - K+ secretion 421 657,658,659,661,663,665,666,673 - activation curve 1948 - N a+ transport 419 - plexus 1415 - arteries, pressurized 1948 - Na++K+-ATPase 421 - receptor 975 - arterioles, pressurized 1948 MCS, regulation of 410 melanocyte-stimulating hormone 2245 - Cl- concentration, intracellular 1948 - aldosterone secretion 410 melanophores 398 - Cl- equilibrium potential 1948 - angiotensin 410 melatonin 1203, 1723 - driving forces 1949 - angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Meltzer, S.J. 6 - electrogenic ion pumps 1949 410 membrane 190,2348 - equilibrium potentials 1949 - atriopeptin 410 - apical 455, 461 - Goldmann equation 1948 - cAMP 411 - basement 1873 - interstitial 1949 - cGMP 411 - basolateral 79,454,455,461, 1512 - intracellular ion concentrations 1949 - dopamine 410 - biogenesis 91 - ionic concentration gradients 1948 - G protein 411 - biological 150 - K+ channel 1949 - ouabain 410 - black lipid 141 - K+ permeability 1949 - PKA, protein kinase A 411 - brush border 1260 - Na+ICa2+ exchanger 1949 - PKC, protein kinase C 411 - capacitance 85 - Na+/K+ pump 1949 - plasma K+ concentration 411 - carrier 1971 - permeabilities 1949 - renin 410 - cell 79 -- coefficient 1949 - secretion 410 - "default" 92 - transmembrane ion distribution 1948 - somatostatin 410 - integral proteins 79 - vascular tone 1948 - vasopressin (AVP) 410 - lipids 1272 - working point 1948 MDG (s. also muscle dygenesis) 965 - mitochondrial 82, 83, 86, 91 membrane-recycling hypothesis 1249 mean life expectancy 2408 - patches 153, 1223 - chief cells 1251 mean survival age 240 - potential and contractile force, memory 398,628,663,668,671,789, measurements capacitance 15 relationship 901 791,816,820,823,824,825,975,983, meat 2445 - proteins 92 1040,1041, 1042, 1046, 1060, 1064, mechanical aspects 2157 - receptor 166, 1337 1066, 1067, 1068, 1076, 1078, 1082, - hepatic pump 2157 - resting 251 1084, 1085, 1086, 1059, 1060, 1076, - respiratory pump 2157 - skeleton 235 1079,1105,1113,1114,1122,1126, mechanical time constant 2028 - sorting of 92 1130,1132,1133,1144,1146,1161, mechanical transduction 301 - spanning domains 165,250 1732 mechanisms - spanning segment 159 - associative 1040 - push-pull 1335 - stretch 254,259,1631 - contextual, spatial 1122 - ofreabsorption 1494 - traffic 91 - declarative 974,1076, 1161, 1163, mechanoreceptive 623, 634, 637, 638, - transport protein 157, 160,245 1166, 1122 641, 645 - turnover 91 - episodic 1122, 1166 mechanoreceptor, mechanoreceptive - tympanic 715 - explicit 1166 623,634,637,638,641,645,647,649, - vesicle 257, 1222, 1499 long-term memory 1167 652, 654, 992, 1130, 1931 - villi 1260 - implicit 1166 - gastric 1636 - voltage 143, 150, 151, 153, 155, 161, - ionic memory 1161 mechanosensitive spindles 30 I 166,245,246,251,255,257,260,282, - long-term 1167

2494 - nondeclarative ll66 - milk secretion 2381 - selective 1220 - procedural 974, 1076, ll66 - milk synthesis 2381 microfilament 235 - semantic ll66 - normal values 2442 microglia 124,541 - short-term memory ll61, ll67 metabolite 930, 931 microgravity 2175 - spatial ll77 metabotropic ll77, ll80 micro neurography 649,661,1018 - working ll65 metalloproteinase 178 micro nuclear complex 1050 meningioma ll56 metamorphopsia 790 microorganisms 1741, 1742 meningitis 1642 metastasis 214 microperfusion studies 1518 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - malignant potential 214 micropsia 790 menopause 2398 - neoplastic potential 214 micropuncture 1498, 1526, 1528,2075 menstrual cycle 29, ll47, 1934,2243 - tumor development (s. tumorigenicity) - experiments 1511, 1518, 1527 mental arithmetic, performance 574 214 - studies 1497, 1518 mepyramine 101 metastatic cascade 215 microscope 3 Merkel 648,649,650, 653, 657, 658, 659, methacholine 2222 microscopic currents 251 666,673 methicillin 1565 microscopy meromyosin 917 methionine 1531,1577,2428 - atomic force 15 mesangial cells 1473, 1478, 1536 methionine sulfoximine 1398 - laser scan 15 mesencephalic 834 method 21,390 - video 15 mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) - immunocytochemical 390 "microsomal antigen" 456 1009, 1012, 1013 - patch-clamp 13, 15 micro somes 2237 mesencephalic reticular formation methoxyfluorane 1565, 1641 microsphere method 2307 mesencephalon 625,627, 844, 987, 988, a -methyl-D-galactoside 1530 microtubule 86,87, 1388, 1505 ll51, ll52 a-methyl-D-glucose 1558 - "pipe" 87 meshwork formation 198 a-methyl-D-glucoside 1530 microtubule-associated protein - diffusion 198 ~-methyl-D-glucoside 1530 (MAP2) 1128, 1129 mesial temporal sclerosis ll56 methylxanthine 98 microvalves 1894, 1895 mesoderm 1719 Metzner, R. 6 microvascular 1965, 2076 mesolimbic ll54 mevalonate 91 - network 1965 mesostriatal ll52, ll54 Meynert cell 1117 microvilli 79,80,81,87,236, 1224, 1311 messenger RNA 1129 Mg2+ 914,917,931,1490,1500,1502, - phototransductive 237 messenger 1512,1520, 1522, 1595, 1596, 1597, micro zone 1050, 1051, 1052 - internal 1967 1599, 1600, 1602, 1603 micturition 1611, 1616 metabolic - daily turnover 1550 - pontine center 1616, 1617 - acidemia 2145 - deficiency 1601, 1603, 1604 -- lateral 1618 - acidosis 1494,1510, 1534, 1539, 1540, - depletion 1599, 1605 - reflexes 1616 1578, 1580, 2034, 2437 -- alkalosis 1581 - suprapontine control 1620 - activity, local, by chemical regulations - ECF 1548 midbrain 625,797, 1060, 1151, 1152, 571 - rCF 1548 1153 - alkalosis 1534,1535,1537,2437 - intoxication 1603, 1604 middle ear 714 - centralization 2328 - metabolism 1605 - muscle 715 - controlled channel 156 - plasma 1548 MIF 398 - demand 1538 - reabsorption 1522 migraine 1156 - disease 959 - transport 1523 - phosphenes 865 - "lobulus" 1393 Mg'--ATPase 1602 migrating motor complex (s. also MMC) - pathways 1394, 1396 MGB 740, 743, 745, 746, 748, 750, 751 1293,1418 - rate 1880, 1881, 1895,2033, 2410, - neocortex 745 migration 608 2442, 2443 - thalamic relay 740 - astroactin 608 -- basal 2063 MGBd 743,744,750 milestones of development 2387 - substrate 1228 MGBm 740,744,746,747,750 - hormonal changes in adolescence metabolic acidosis 1535 - somatosensory cortex 744 2387 metabolically controlled channels 156 MGBv 740, 749, 750 - language development 2387 metabolic state 1432, 1433 MHC 188, 1699, 1700, 1990 milieu - absorptive 1432 - class I 1732 - exterieur 1217 - after a meal 1433 - class II 1732 - extracellular 1896, 1897 - between meals 1434 - MHC-I 1699,1700 - interieur 7,1217 - during starvation 1436 - MHC-II 126,127,1699,1700 - interne 1739 - exercise 1433, 1436 - sequential epitopes 1699 milk 382 - postabsorptive 1432 mice, dysgenic 273 - ejection reflex 382, 396 - postprandial 1432 micelles 1273, 1385 - composition of 2431 - rest 1433 Michaelis Menten - let -down reflex 382, 383, 396 metabolism 7,455, 1230, 2378 - equation 157 milk alkali syndrome 1603, 1604, 1606 - anaerobic 1921 - plot 1529 millilambert 768 - glucogen 2378 micro-movements 830 mind 1105, ll07, 1734 - local rates 586 micro-saccade 830, 831 mineral metabolism 1470, 1534 - muscle 6,8 microcirculation 1873, 1888, 1889, 1890, mineralization 1595, 1597, 1598, 1601, - oxidative 1432 1891,1897,1907,1928,1999 1605 - urea 6 - autoregulation of the 1999 mineralocorticoid deficiency metabolism and nutrition 2381 microcirculatory units 1393 - acidosis 1581 - inorganic constituents 2382 micro column 1225, 2234 mineralocorticoid excess - lactose 2381 microelectrode 15, 1221 - alkalosis 1581 - milk lipids 2382 - double-barrelled 1222 mineralocorticoids 479, 1324, 1561, - milk protein 2381 - ion-selective 1222 1562, 1565

2495 mineralocorticoids (Contd.) - cell surface receptor proteins 182 mortality 2411 - hyperhydration 1565 - ~-sheet strands 182 morula 2249 - salt appetite 1564 MOG 617 Mosso, A. 8 miniature end plate currents 309 molality 2423, 2424 mossy fiber - central synapse 309 molarity 2423, 2424 mossy fibers 1048, 1049, 1050, 1052, - presynapse 309 molecular 1055, 1074, 1075, 1085, 1123, 1124, 1129 - voltage clamp technique 309 - communications 1744 "motif" 194 miniature end plate potentials 309 - diffusion 1315 - antiparallel ~-strands 194 minimum entropy 1756 - mechanisms 1944 - c-kit proto oncogene 194 - theorem 1756,1759 - radius 1474 - C-type domain 195 minute ventilation 2436 - theory of excitation 291 - Cl subset 195 Mitchell, S.W. 7,9 - "sieving" 1975 - C2 subset 195 mitochondria 82,83, 86, 104, 150, 261, - size 1969, 1976 - cellular recognition 194 1861 - weight 2423 - cytokine receptor superfamilies 194 - CA'+ uniporter 1861 molecular structure and conformation - divergence 194 - isocitrate dehydrogenase (s. also 178 - FGFR 194 NAD-IDH) 1862 - elastic fibers 178 - fibronectin type III superfamily 195 - oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (s. also - fibrillin 178 - gene duplication 194 OGDH) 1862 - fibrillin gene 178 - homophilic attachment 195 - pyruvate dehydrogenase (s. also PDH) - lysyl oxidase 178 - Ig C2 subset 195 1861 - tropoelastin 178 - Ig fold 194 mitochondrial 161, 162, 166 molecules 293 - Ig folding pattern 195 - destruction 2414 - lipophilic 150 - Ig V subset 195 - disease 960 Moleschott, J. 5 - Ig-fold C2 set 194 - enzymes 1521 momentum 1752 - IL-IR 194 - metabolism 2414 - transfer of 1752 - IL-6R 194 - mutations 2399 monaural, cues 748 - immunoglobulin superfamily 195 - myopathy 930 Monge's syndrome 2190 - M-CSFR (macrophage colony - proton pump 166 - adaptions 2194 stimulating factor receptor) 194 - respiration 1862 -- loss of 2194 - PDGFR (platelet derived growth factor mitochondrion 89,913, 915, 927, 932 - alveolar air equation 2192 receptor) 194 mitogen-activated protein kinase (s. also - bicarbonate concentration 2193 - SCFR (stem cell factor receptor) 194 MAPK) 1717 - "blunted" ventilatory response to - V-type domain 195 mitogenesis 100 hypoxia 2194 motilin 1284, 1340 mitosis 33, 108 - breathing, work of 2190 motility 225, 226 - abortive 2414 - bronchoconstriction 2194 motility assays 945 - hyperplasticity 431 - bronchomotor tone 2190 - crossbridge kinetics 945 - hypertrophy 431 - carbohydrate diet, high 2192 - detachment rate constant 946 mitotic spindle 87 - carotid bodies 2194 - duty ratio 946 mixing movement 1418 - carotid chemoreceptor 2194 motility of the large intestine 1301 MLC (s. also myosin light chain) 2353 - CSF pH 2193 - colonic migrating and non-migrating MLCK (s. also MLC-kinase) 946,2353 - diffusion 2191 motor complexes 1303 MLCP 1946 - 2,3 diphosphoglycerate 2192 - colonic motility, regulation of 1304 MMC 1293 - dyspnea 2194 - colonic transit 1301 MNTB 737, 738 - Henderson-Hasselbalch equation 2193 - colonic! anorectal motor and MOAT 1384 - Himalayan highlander 2194 myoelectrical activity 1301 mobilization 108 - hyperventilation 2192 - defecation 1301 MOC 752 -lung compliance 2190 - ganglia, prevertebral 1304 - choline acetyltransferase 752 - 0, dissociation curve 2192 - giant migrating contractions 1302 - cholinergic neurons 752 - polycythemia 2190, 2194 - large-bowel motor activity 1302 - GABA 752 - pulmonary capillary transit time 2192 - large-bowel myoelectrical activity modal code 667 - pulmonary gas exchange 2191 1301 modality 297,623,628,629,630,634, - respiratory alkalosis 2192, 2193 - vagus 1304 635,637,638,639,641,642,645,654, - respiratory mechanics 2190 motility of the stomach 1289 656,657,658,659,660,661,667,668, - respired gas density 2190 motility, small intestine 1297 671, 672, 674, 800, 820, 1115, 1119, - surfactant 2191 - "gastro-ileal reflex" 1298 1130, 1132 - ventilation-perfusion relationship - ileal brake 1300 model 21,38, 39 2192 - myoelectrical activity, small-bowel - in the mind 1738 - ventilatory control 2192 1297 - internal 39 monism 1091 - myoelectrical complex, - reference system 10 18 monkey 574 interdigestive 1299 - of the world 1738 monoamine, monoaminergic 991, 1002, - small-bowel motility, circadian modelling 16 1013,2210 variations in interdigestive 1300 modiolus 716 monoaminooxidase (MAO) 1883 - small-bowel motor activity modulation monocarboxylic acid transporter 551 -- interdigestive 1299 - ~-adrenergic 2397 monocular deprivation 870 -- postprandial 1298 modulatory (neuromodulatory) 973, monocytes 84, 124, 125, 126, 128, 134, - small-bowel motor and myoelectrical 988,991, 1007, 1013 1740,1742,1987,2212,2247,2430 activity 1297 module 182,623,627,628, 638, 639, 641, monoiodotyrosine 453, 454 - small-bowel transit 1297 642,645,657,659,660,673,1033,1035, Morat, J.P. 8 - vagally independent complex 1301 1047, 1049, 1050, 1052, 1107, 1115, morbidity 2417 motion 1116, 1130, 1134 morphine 692, 1635 - aftereffect 873

2496 - coherent 883 - FF (fast, fatigable) 989, 1015, 1016 multimodal interaction 842 - long- and short-range 878 - FR (fast, fatigue resistant) 989, 1015, multiple sclerosis 541,930, 1072 - sensitivity 660, 663, 664, 669 1016 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - sickness 1154 - S (slow) 989, 1015, 1016 multiplication effect 1507 motion perception, vision 1114, 1117 - slow, S-type 912,920,921,925 multiplier 23 motion sensitivity, vision 790, 792, 793, Mount Dessert Island in Maine 10 multipolar cells 731,734 799,804,808,813,814,816,818,824, mountain sickness, acute 2190 multisensory 749,843 825 mouse 1507 - information 740 motivation, motivational 974,987, 1012, - knock out 16, 1223 - integration 841 1013, 1029, 1033, 1041, 1042, 1046, MPTP (I -methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6- multistability 47 1049,1059,1060, 1061, 1067, 1069, tetrahydropyridine) 1069 multisubstrate-specific organic anion 1071, 1072, 1082, 1084, 1085, 1112, MRI 880 transporter (s. also MOAT) 1384 1152, 1154 mRNA 81,82,85 muscae volitantes 770 motoneuron 624, 625, 629, 642, 643, MSH (s. also hormone, melanocyte• muscarinic 673,999, 1111, 1112, 1153, 839,930,973,975,988,990,991,998, stimulating) 398 1154 999, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1008, 1009, 1012, - release-inhibiting factor (s. also - ACh (s. also mACh) 315 1013,1016,1022,1024,1119,1120, MIF) 398 - receptor 11 0, 2224 1121,1129,1452,1612 a-MSH 398,2210 muscimol 667, 1036, 1080 - alpha, skeleto-motoneuron 988, 991, ~-MSH 398 muscle 23,26, 104, 155, 254, 256, 935, 1000,1003,1011,1017,1020 MSO 736,737,738,739,740,751 966,1434,2397,2398,2247 - beta 988, 991, 995, 999, 1003 - glycinergic 737 - "active state" 935 - cranial 993 mTAL 1485,1507, 1509 - blood flow 2439 - disease 915 MUAP 913,915 - cardiac (s. also cardiac muscle) 912, - dynamic gamma (fusimotor) 994, mucins 1315,1331,2431 914,1801 1018,1022 mucolipidoses 208 - determination 966 - facial 993, 1013 - glycoprotein storade disorder 208 - differentiation 966 - gamma 1061 - spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia 208 - dilator 758 - gamma, fusimotoneuron 988,991, mucopolysaccharide 467 - extraocular eye 911,988,989 99~99~ 100~ 1001, 1003, 1011, 101~ mucopolysaccharidoses 207 - facial 988, 1011 1017, 1018, 1020, 1028, 1035, 1036, 1083 - acetyl-CoA:a-glucosaminide - fatigue 951,979,980,989,997, 1009, - hypoglossal 999 N -acetyltransferase 207 1015, 1016 - skeleto-motoneuron 633,911 - aortic regurgitation 207 - fiber 911 - static gamma (fusimotor) 994, 1018 - derma tan sulfate 207 - force-generating capacity in 2399 - trigeminal 999, 1013 - ~ galactosidase 207 - function 2397 - upper motoneuron disease 930 - ~-glucuronidase 207 - gastrocnemius 2399 motoneurons, vagal 2131 - hepar an sulfate 207 - gastrocnemius ablation 2399 - CVM with B-fiber axons 2131 - heparan sulfate N-sulfatase 207 - heart 104 - post-inspiration 2133 - idoronosulfate sulfatase 207 - injury 930, 932 - sinus arrythmia 2133 - a-L- Iduronidase 207 - intercostal 998 - vagal motoneurons with unmyelinated - keratan sulfate 207 - intrafusal 988,991,992,993 axons 2134 - mucopolysaccharidosis II, Hunter - jaw closing 1011 motor 32,40,41 syndrome 207 - jaw opening 1011 - activity 1289 - mucopolysaccharidosis IlIA, - laryngeal 988 - areas 839 Sanfilippo A 207 - latent period 935 - behavior 2097 - mucopolysaccharidosis IlIB, - leg 2399 - control 39 Sanfilippo B 207 - length-force relationship 979 - development 2384 - mucopolysaccharidosis lIIC, Sanfilippo - length-velocity relationship 979 - end plate 307 C 207 - mass 1475,2397,2399 - error - mucopolysaccharidosis lIID, Sanfilippo - masticatory 988 -- burst 843 D 207 - mechanics 979 - imagery 1061 - mucopolysaccharidosis IV A, Morquio - modulation 966 - nerve 967 syndrome A 207 - myocardium 139 - neuron 307 - mucopolysaccharidosis IVB, Morquio - 02 consumption 2146 - space, saccadic 843 syndrome B 207 - pharyngeal 988 motor cortex 1013, 1014, 1025, 1034, - mucopolysaccharidosis VI, sly - pinna 839 1035, 1038, 1070, 1074, 1079, 1085 syndrome 207 - plantaris-force 2399 - primary (MC, MI) 1034, 1038 - N-acetyl-a- D-glucosaminidase 207 - pump 1906, 1908, 1910 motor proteins 230 - N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate - receptors 638, 1074 - myosin I 231 sulfatase 207 - reflex control 2161 - myosin II 231 - N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate -- assisted inspiration 2162 - myosin III 231 sulfatase 207 - relaxation 953 - myosin IV 231 mucosal cells 2077 - respiratory 2018 - myosin V 231 mucosal protection barriers 1315 - skeletal (extrafusal) 22,24,24,36, 104, - myosin VI 231 mucus 1241, 1309 157, 159, 160,624,911,912,914,973, - myosin VII 231 mucus production 124 988,991,992,993,2399 - unconventional myosins 231 Milller, J. 4,5 - smooth 911 motor unit 911,915,918,919,920,922, Millier's law of specific nervous - tongue 988, 1011 930, 988, 989, 995, 996, 998, 1003, 1015, energies 771 - twitch 22, 25, 26 1016,1017 Millierian duct 2247 muscle and bone 2397 - action potential (MUAP) 913,915 Mullins 13 - aging heart 2397 - fast, F- type 912, 925 multidrug-resistance gene product 1384 muscle blood flow 2150 - fast, fatigue-resistant 912,925 multienzyme complexes 1375 - adenosine 2151

2497 muscle blood flow (Contdo) (MOG) 617 myosin I 237 - endothelial-derived releasing factor - PMP-22-molecule 619 myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) 1946 2151 - proteolipid protein 618 - actin 1946 - W 2151 - saltatory conduction 617 - actin-activated myosin Mg2+-ATPase - hypoxia 2151 - Sch wann cell 617 1946 - K" 2151 - subventricular zone 618 - Ca2"-ternary complex of 1946 - local vasodilatation 2151 - tenascin-R 617 - calciprotein 1946 - metabolites 2151 - trembler mouse mutation 619 - calmodulin 1946 - muscle pump 2151 - trk receptors 619 -- conformational change of 1946 - osmolarity 2150 myenteric plexus 1239, 1415 -- ternary complex of 1946 - peptidergic vasodilator transmitter MyHCs 961 - calsequestrin 1946 2151 myoblast 911,912 - contractile machinery 1946 - prostaglandins 2151 myocardial - EF hand 1946 - reflex vasoconstriction 2151 - contraction 1922 - heavy chains 1946 muscle cells 225, 1882 - decreased strenght 2396 - isoforms 1946 - smooth 1871 - hibernation 1921 - light chains 1946 muscle fibers, plasticity 953 - infarction 1911, 1921,2411,2412 - phosphorylation of 1946 - chronic stimulation 954 - perfusion 1921, 1922 - regulatory ligh t chain of 1946 - denervation 954 myocardium 1880, 1921, 1922, 1923, - ternary complex of 1946 muscle spindle 23,24,27,301, 625, 627, 1924,2397 - parvalbumin 1946 632,635,643,656,665,975,981,988, - functional characteristics 1801 - superfamily of Ca2+ sensors 1946 991,993,995,998,1000, 1003, 1011, - isolated 1802 - tension development 1946 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1022 - structural characteristics 1801 - troponin 1946 - fatigue 36 myoepithelial cells 1311,2220,2221 - troponin-C 1946 - force 22, 36 myofibril 99,911,912,914,918,931 myosin light chain phosphatase - Ia afferent (fiber) 27,981,991,992, myofilament 911, 912, 1860 (MLCP) 1946 998,999,1000,1002,1003,1009 - ~-adrenergic stimulation 1861 - adrenaline 1946 - Ia afferents from primary sensory - actin 1861 - cAMP mediated relaxation 1946 spindle endings 27 - myosin 1860 - diacylglycerol 1946 - II afferent (fiber) 992, 1002, 1003 - myosin light chain phosphorylation - ~2 - receptors 1946 - II afferents from secondary spindle 1861 - vasodilatation 1946 endings 27 - TNT 1861 myosin-light chain - primary ending 632, 1129 - troponin 1861 phosphorylation 1945 - primary sensory ending 992, 993, 994, - troponin C (so also TN C) 1860 myosin motor 1945 1018, 1019 - troponin I (so also TN!) 1861 - cargo domain 1945 - secondary ending 632 myogenic - light chain/calmodulin binding - secondary sensory ending 992, 993, - factor 966 domain 1945 994, 1019 - receptor 1875 - motor domain 1945 - smooth 34 - response 1876 myotonia 963 - tremor 30 - tone 902 - Becker's 271, 275, 965 muscle unit 989, 990 myoglobin 929, 1474, 1538 - H5 271 muscular dygenesis (so also MDG) 965 myometrium 1935 - "recessive" 965 muscular dystrophies - relaxation 2351 - torpedo marmorata 271 - respiratory acidosis 1579 myoneural junction 2398 myotube 911 muscular exercise 2115 myopathy 467,915 myxedema 467 muscular twitching myopia 763, 765 - primary 469 - hypernatremia 1567 myopy 1147 muscular wisdom 1016 myosin 87,225,896,897,912,913,914, N acetyltransferase activity 1205 musculoskeletal function 2397 915,916,917,919,925,926,927,937, N -cadherin 193 mushroom poisoning 1470 1872,1873, 1943,2353 - a-catenins 193 music 1144 - ATPase 938, 1596 - ~-catenins 193 mutagenesis - defect 961 - y-catenins 193 - directed 316 - developmental isoforms 1943 - Ca2+-binding sites 193 - site-directed 16, 250 - eukaryotes 1943 - neural crest cells 193 - targeted 966 - filaments 226, 937 - neural plate 193 mutism 1068 - head region 1943 - neural tubule 193 myalgia 2213 - heavy chain 1943 N-CAM 311 myasthenia gravis 318, 1156 - heavy chain genes 1943 N-ethylmalemide-sensitive factor (so also - respiratory acidosis 1579 - light chain (MLC) 937, 1943, 2353 NSF) 310,311 myelin 537,541,617 - MLC-kinase (so also MLCK) 897,2352 N metabolism 1525 - basic protein (BP) 618 - multigene families 1943 N-methylalanine 1531 - bipotential precursor cells (O-2A cells) - muscle isoform 1943 N-type 273 618 - nonmuscle isoform 1943 No paraventricularis 1628 - 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'- - phosphorylation 1597 No tractus solitarii 1628 phosphodiesterase (CNP) 617 - "regulatory light chains" 897 Np method 564 - galactocerebroside (GC) 618 - slime molds 1943 Na(HCOJ)-cotransport 1558 - hypomyelination 619 - subfragment 1 937 Na+ 931,1548,1549 - jimpy mutant 619 - yeasts 1943 - absorption 122, 1217, 1218, 1226, - myelin -associated glycoprotein myosin head, three-dimensional structure 1637, 1640 (MAG) 617 of the 961 - activity 2414 - N-CAM 617 a-myosin heavy chains 961 - appetite 1626, 1628, 1634, 1635, 1636, - oligodendrocyte myelin protein ~-myosin heavy chains 961 1640, 1645

2498 - balance 1537, 1641 2414, 2222, 2223 - cotransporter 162, 1502 - channel 1l0, 128, 129, 151, 156, 157, - aldosterone 1952 - delivery 1512 247,250,254,258,269,270,538,1218, - ATP splitting 1952 - deprivation 1639 1225, 1265, 1491, 1502, 1504, 1505, - CalC antagonsits 1953 - excretion 1470, 1506, 1540, 1638 1511, 1513, 1521, 1536, 1562, 1596, - Ca2+ channels, voltage-dependent - load 1481 1639,1640,2222,2223,2225,2351 1953 - loss 1643, 2219, 2225 -- ROC 156 - cardiotonic steroids 1952 - metabolism 1626, 1645 -- SMOC 156 - digoxin 1952 - permeability 1509 -- VOC 156 - electrogenic l319 - reabsorption 1225, 1483, 1491, 1494, - concentration gradients 1503 - electrogenic Na++K+ pump 1952 1498, 1509, 1512, 1518, 1519, 1520, - conductance 153, 1503, 1520 - mineralocorticoid hormone 1523,1535, 1539,2220 - conservation 1536 receptors 1952 - reabsorptive system 162 - cotransport 1547, 1551 - (Na++K+) pump 1952 - restriction 1643 - coupled uptake 1229 - ouabain 1952 - secretion 1226,2223,2227 - cycle 536 - scillaren 1952 NAD' 108 - daily turnover 1550 - a-subunit 1952 NAD-lDH 1862 - delivery of 1537 - ~-subunit 1952 NADH 82 - dependent cotransport 1528 Na+ and K+ -binding site 165 Nagel, W. 6 - depletion 1591 Na++K+2CI- cotransport 1550 naloxone 673, 1635 - deprivation 1503, 1536 - extracellular 1558 NANC 906

- ECF 1548 - intracellular 1558 NaPi2 1526 - exchanger 1323 Na++K+ pump 907,930, 1218, 1499 nasal cycle 1737 -- W-coupled 1323 Na+-I cot ran sport 454,455 nasal epithelium 1536 - excretion 1489, 1517, 1521, 1537, 1632, Na+/Ca2+ exchange 104,255,907, 1558, NAT activity 1209 1634, 1636, 1638, 1639, 1886, 1901 1598,1599,2414,2415 natriuresis 1512, 1519, 1521, 1536, 1599, - extracellular 1558 - intracellular 1558 1633, 1638, 1639, 1641, 1642, 1885 - flux 1491 - extracellular 1558 natriuretic - gradient 2414 Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1552, 1561, 1601, - factor 1536, 1642 - ICF 1548 1858, 1949 - hormones 1489,1521,1536,1537 - independent D-glucose transport 157 - cloned 1859 - peptide 1886, 1900, 1901, 1905, 1906, - influx 2415,2416 - equilibrium potential 1949 1912, 1634 - intracellular 1558 - glycosides 1859 natural killer cells (s. also NK) 124, 126, - losses 1643, 1644 - reversal potential 1858 127,1723,1725,1726,1734,1740 - metabolism 1625, 1634, 1636, 1640 Na+/Ca2- ratio 2209 - stressfull stimuli 1725 - plasma 1548 Na+/H+ antiporter 1l0, 1499, 1523 nature 473 - pump 1503 Na+IWexchange 126, 162, 167, 255, 258, nature-nurture problem 870 - reabsoprtion 1498, 1500, 1504, 1518, 259, 1225, 1226, 1227, 1229, 1495, 1496, nausea 1635 1521,1523, 1535, 1536, 1538 1522, 1523, 1524, 1534, 1535, 1547, -cerebral edema 1567 - receptors 1629, 1639, 1640 1551,1558, 1588,2414 NCAM 187, 195 - secretion 1227 - intracellular 1558 near reflex 764 - selective channel l322 - extracellular 1558 "near-death experiences" 2407,24l3 - substrate (e.g., D-glucose) Na-IWexchanger 167,257, 1263, 1265, nearsightedness 765 cotransport 259 1322,1494,1517,1519,1540,1562 nebulin 926 - sulfate transporter 162 - intracellular pH 1571 Necturus gallbladder 1223, 1224 - transport 1638,1925,2077 Na+/K+ ATPase 1588 neglect 1067 - uptake 162, 1537 Na+2CI-K+ carrier 163 - hemispatial 791, 792, 1066, 1146 - water excretion 1641 Na+2CIK+ cotransport 258,259, 1586, Neher, E. 7 Na+-D-glucose cotransport 1529 1588, 1591 neocortex 519,524,525,744,799, 1106, Na+-D-glucose cotransporter 150, 160, Na-2CI-K+cotransporter 162,167,1226, 1107, 1122, 1123, 1125, 1126, 1129, 1528 1227, 1229, 1481, 1499, 1511, 1512, 1130, 1132, 1l34, 1147, 1153 N a+ -dependent hexose 1537, 1640,2222 - alpha rhythm 519 - transporter 1269 Na+CI cotransporter 1502,1511,1512 - auto-correlation analyses 525 Na+-dependent system 160, 161 N a'CI- cotransport 259, 1226 - beta activity 521, 524 Na+-dependent transporter 162 Na+CI-- metabolism 1557 - cellular origin 522 Na+-dependent uptake 1532 Na+HPO/cotransport 259 - chaotic dynamics 524

Na+-HC03 /CI antiporter 1494 Na--channels 167 - cross-correlation analyses 525

Na+(HC03-)/CI- exchange 162, 259 Na--dependent cotransporter 167 - generation of rhytmic activity 526 Na+(HC03)3 cotransport 259, 1575 Na-tH-exchangers 161 - hippocampal RSA 521 Na+(HC03)3 cotransporter 1557 - NHEI 161 - human hippocampus 521 Na+(HC03-)3 cotransporter 162 - NHE2 161 - limbic cortex 521 Na+(HC03)3 extrusion 1536 - NHE3 161, 162 -murhythm 519

Na+-HC03-tCI- transporter 255 - NHE4 161, 162 - nonlinear character 524 Na+-H+ exchange 1551 Na2'"/Ca2+ exchange 104 - paleocortex 521 Na+-H+ exchangers l319, 1324 Na2+CI-K- cotransporter 1482, 1501, - phase-spectral analysis 522 (Na++ K+)ATPase 160,161,162,163, 1502 - physiological significance 522 164, 165, 166, 167,251,255,256,259, NAAG 852 - rhythmic slow activity 521 554, 598, 1225, 1226, 1227, 1228, 1229, NaCI 1537 - septal area 521 1262, 1319, 1323, l324, 1491, 1492, - absorption 133, 1884, 2223, 2225, - somatomotor cortex 252 1493,1494,1497,1498,1499,1633, 2226,2227 - tau rhythm 521 1502, 1503, 1504, 1509, 1511, 1512, - acid-base balance 1577 - visual cortex 524 1513,1521, 1527, 1528, 1532, 1536, - appetite 1638, 1639 neonates 1720 1547, 1552, 1557, 1561, 1562, 1952, - balance 1535 neopallium 1107

2499 neoperin 1713 - branching 195 - micro tubules 615 neoplasma 128 - cell growth 195 neuronal loss 2399 neoplastic transformation III - cytoskeleton 196 neuronal migration 607 nephron 1471 - embryogenesis 195 - glial guidance 607 - deep 1472, 1481, 1482 - endoneuraminidase 196 - L1 608 - juxtamedullary 1471, 1508 - exon 196 - Ng-CAM 608 - mammalian-type 1506 - frame stop codon 196 - tenascinl cytotactin 608 - mid cortical 1508 - Ig-Sf C2 subset 195 neuronal network 115, 509, 2080 - proximal 165, 1496, 1524, 1526 - MSDI 196 - Botzinger complex 2080 - reptilian-type 1506 - myoblasts 195 - respiratory neurons 2081 - superficial 1471, 1472, 1481, 1482, - myotubes 195 - ventral respiratory group (so also VRG) 1508 - natural killercells 195 2080 nephropathy 1362 - NCAM-120 196 neurons ISS, 157, 159, 160, 168, 1550 nephrotic syndrome 1565 - NCAM-140 196 - cholinergic 2399 - hyperhydration 1565, 1566 - NCAM-180 196 - commissural 746 nephrotoxic drugs 1605 - neurite sprouting 195 - hippocampal 394 nephrotoxin 1538 - neurons 195 - intrinsic cortical 749 Nernst equation 83,246,250, 252, 1222 - oligodendrocytes 195 - lack 2398 Nernst equilibrium 250 - polysialic acid moiety 195 - magnocellular 380, 381, 383, 385, 386, Nernst potential 155,250,251 - Schwann cells 195 387, 1628 Nernst voltage 167 - SEC exon 196 - neurosecretory 386, 389 Nernstian slope 160,252 - sialylation 195 - off-center 878 nerve 832 - T lymphocytes, activated 195 - on-center 878 - abducens 832 - VASE exon 196 - parvocellular 381,386 - auditory 724 neurite growth 542 - peptidergic 390 - cardiac 1924 neurite outgrowth 185, 540 - "perceptive" 882 - conduction 245 neuritic plaques 2399 - preganglionic parasympathetic 1612 - conduction velocity 2409 neurocrine 1247 - sympathetic preganglionic 1613 -- slower 2397 neuroendocrine activation 1911, 1912 - thermosensitive 2209 - ending 1898, 1899, 1920, 1928, 1870, neuroendocrine control - tuberoinfundibular 388 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886 - gastric emptying 1259 - vasopressinergic 381, 383 - energies, specific 864 neuroendocrine immune 1721 neuropeptide Y (NPY) 101, 11 0, 116, - extnnslc 1266 - maturation of thymocytes 1721 327,387, 1421, 1883, 1894 - fibers 130 I - thymic ontogeny 1721 neuropeptides 322,389,686,1619, 1736, -- secretomotor 1310 neuroendocrine systems 2341 2076 - glial scar 2399 - anterior pituitary target organs 2342 - colocalization 389 - glossopharyngeal 855, 1897, 1898 - autonomic nervous system 2342 - peptide, calcitonin gene-related 686 - growth factor (so also NGF) 336, 2245, - hypothalamic-pituitary complex 2341 - substance P 686 1309,2399 neuroendocrine-immune connection neurophysin 380, 1629 - oculomotor 832 394 neurophysiology 7 - peripheral 2399 neuroendocrine-immune interactions neurophysiology in early infancy 2385 - stimulation 1324 1719, 1726 - electroencephalography 2385 - superior laryngeal 858 - noradrenic innervation 1719 neuropil 597 - sympathetic 1452 neuroendocrine-immune system 1724 neuroprotection 2328 -- actions 1452 neuroendocrinology 379 neurosecretion 321, 322, 379 - terminals 597, 598 neurofibrillary tangels 2399 neurosteroids 477 - trochlear 832 neurogenic inflammation 342 neurotaxis 863 - vagal 1897 neurogenic tone 902 - chemical gradients 863 - vagus 855 neurohypophysial pathway 596 - synaptic reinforcement 863 nervous system 1338, 1415 neurohypophysis 380, 1628, 1629, 1884, neurotensin 101, 116,387,393,1284, - central 128 1886, 1900 1312, 1325, 1339,2225 - fetal alcohol exposure (so also FAE) neuroimmunology 350 neurotransmission 116 1720 neuroleptic 1061, 1156 neurotransmitter 130, 133, 135, 245, - intrinsic 1338 - drug 374 285,322,585,785,1339,1735,1882 - plasticity and regeneration of 2398 neuroma 342 - excitatory 600 - sympathetic 1720,1875 neuromedin 110 - inhibitory 600 nervous tone, sympathetic 2204 neuromodulation, neuromodulators - receptors 535 net transport 158 304,327,785,1110,1112,1114,1123, - secretion of 85 network equation 1779 1150, 1151, 1154, 1157,2085 neurotransmitter, excitatory 1956 - in micro vessels 1779 - AMP A receptor 2085 - angiotensin II 1956 neural (neuronal) network 983, 984 - GABA receptor 2085 - arachidonic acid 1956 neural - glycin receptor 2085 - arginine vasopressin (AVP) 1956 - activation 1187 - NMDA receptor 2085 - aspirin 1956 - conduction times 736 neuromodulatory 973 - CA'+ -activated chloride current 1956 - control 1265 neuromuscular endplate, junction 307, - Ca2+ antagonists 1957 - convergence 748 913,920, 1126, 1129 - cyclooxygenase 1956, 1957 - integration 738 neuromuscular transmission 307 - diltiazem 1957 - network 744 neuronal assemblies 33 - endothelin 1956 - plasticity 870 neuronal control 1924 - epinephrine 1956 neural cell adhesion molecule (so also neuronal cytoskeleton 615 - ETA receptor 1956 NCAM) 195 - intermediate filaments 615 - HI receptor, postjunctional 1957 - astrocytes 195 - microfilaments 615 - histamine 1956, 1957

2500 - interleukin (1L)-1 1956 - E-subunits 276 - GABA 746

-KATP channels 1956 - y-subunits 276, 279d nonspecific drives 2109 - leukotrienes 1957 - segment M2 276 - pain 2109 - 5-lipoxygenase 1957 - Torpedo marmorata 276 - pressoreceptors 2109 - 12-lipoxygenase 1957 nicotinic acid - temperature-related 2109 - mas/angiotensin receptor 1956 - Na+ -coupled transport 1558 "nonsurvivors" 1741 - neuromodulator 1956 nicotinic receptor channel 254 noradrenaline (NA) 99, 100, 110, 145, - neuropeptide Y (NPY) 1956 NIDDM 1361, 1363 671,67~ 1051, 105~ 1061, 1265, 1312

- PGI 2 1957 - hyperglycemia 1361 - a l receptors l312 - prostaglandins 1957 - ketone bodies 1362 - a, receptors 1312 - prostanoids 1956 - metabolic acidosis 1362 - ~l receptors l312 - resistance arteries 1956 - MODY 1363 - ~2 receptors 1312 - rhodopsin-type receptor - osmotic diuresis 1361 noradrenaline 116,1111,1112,1123, superfamily 1956 nigrostriatal 1141, 1151 1141, 1150, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1157 - serotonin 1956 nitrates, organic 107 - noradrenergic 988,991, 1003, 1013 - thrombin 1956 nitric oxide (s. also NO) 130,332,344, norepinephrine 99, 325, 386, 585, 116, - thromboxane 1957 350, 572, 644, 771, 906, 1054, 1129, 1111,1112,1123,1141,1150,1152, - thromboxane A, (TXA,) 1957 1872, 1877, 1879, 1882, 1920, 1922, 1153,1154, 1157, 1205, 1208, 1478, - transforming growth factor(TGF)-~ 1923, 1926, 1929, 1932, 1982,2076 1479, 1480, 1518, 1521, 1524, 1633, 1956 nitrogen balance 1434 1634,1637, 1644, 1711, 1713, 1736, - tumor necrosing factor (TNF)-a 1956 nitrogen equilibria 2057 1876,1878,1881, 1882, 1882, 1884, - VIa receptor 1956 - decompression sickness 2057 1884, 1885, 1886, 1908, 1912, 1926, - verapamil 1957 - gas bubbles 2057 1928, 1999, 2077, 2209, 2224 neurotransmitter, inhibitory 1957 nitrogen - noradrenergic 1712 - a-adrenoceptors 1957 - metabolism 1510,1535 normal breathing 2097 - ~-adrenoceptors 1957 nitroprusside 107, 1633 - cellular environment 2098 - coronary arteries 1957 nitrous oxide 564 normal development 2444 - EDRF nitric oxide (NO) 1957 NK (s. also natural killer cells) 1734, normality 2423 - epinephrine 1957 1740 normogravia 2175 - hyperpolarization 1957 NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) 277, normokinetic flow 1767 - 1L-l~ 1957 656,671,852,988,991,1003,1008, normotension 1897, 1903 - insulin-like growth factor 1 (1GF-l) 1040, 1045, 1046, 1054, 1065, 1079, novelty detector 653 1957 1112, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1125, 1126, noxious 626, 627, 652, 655 -Kc, channels 1957 1128,1129,1130,1131,1177,1180, noxious stimuli 677 - NO synthase 1957 2324 - cold pain 677 - TNF-a 1957 - receptor 131,2413,2414,2416 - heat pain 677 - vasodilatation 1957 NMR 159 NPPB 254 - vasorelaxation 1957 NO 95, 107, 108, l35, 644, 1479, 1483, NPY (s. also neuropeptide Y) 387, 1421, neurotrophic factor 322 1484, 1872, 1874, 1878, 1879, 1880, 2322 - brain-derived 128 1881, 1882, 1884, 1902, 1909 NR1 278 - ciliary 128 - synthase 130, 1552, 1878, 1879, 1882, NR2A-C 278 neurotrophils 122, 2430 1884, 1909 NSF (N-ethylmalemide-sensitive factor) neurotrophin 612,613 -- hyperhydration 1566 310,311 neurotrophin-3 311 Nobel laureate 7, 11, 14 NT-3 311 neurotropin 128 nociceptive 624,627,628,630, 633, 634, NTS 1632, 1634 Newell-Martin, H. 8,9 635, 638, 645 nuclear Newonal cell adhesion molecule 311 nociceptors 684 - bag 993 Newport Langley, J. 8 - Ali mechanoheat 684 - chain 993 Newton,!. 2 - bradykinin 686 - pore 82, 91, 92 nexin 1989 - C polymodal 684 nucleolus 81 NFKB 129 - capsaicin 686 nucleosides 1401 NGF 613, 1309, 1320, 2399 - 5-hydroxytryptamine 686 nucleotide 2077 - NT-3 613 - K+ 686 - binding 165 - NT-4 613 - prostaglandins 686 - various l312 - NT-5 613 nodal point 758, 762, 765 nucleus 80,81,86,387 - protein 2399 node - accessory oculomotor 832 - track (trk) family 613 - atrioventricular 1826 -- abducens 832 - tyrosine kinase 613 - of Ranvier 537 -- trochlear 832

NH,INH4+ - sinoatrial 1826 - accumbens 1042, 1141, 1152 - buffers 1573 nodulus 1047, 1049 - ambiguus 1898, 2001 NH,+ 1499,1504,1510, 1523, 1524, 1525, noise 711,712,2396 - anterior thalamic 628 1526, 1576, 1589, 2434, 2437 non-electrolytes 149 - arcuate 388, 395, 398 - acidosis 1581 non-REM sleep 1183, 1189 - basalis Meynert 770 - metabolic acidosis 1580 - distinct stages 1183 - caudatus 1042, 1064, 1069, 1072 - pK 1572 - EEG-changes 1189 - central 738 - production 1494, 1524, 1535, 1537 - regulatory mechanisms 1189 - central lateral thalamic 1049 nicotinamide 1532 non-stationarity 65 - centro median 1070 nicotine 1633, 1635 non-thyroidal illness 470 - centro median thalamic 628 nicotinic 315,999 nonagenarians 2398 - dentatus 1047, 1048, 1064, 1072, 1073, nicotinic ACh receptor channel 276 nonlinear systems 43 1074, 1075, 1076 - a-subunits 276, 279 nonmuscle cells 225 - dorsal 738 - ~-subunits 276, 279 nonpyramidal cells 746 - dorsomedial thalamic 628

2501 nucleus (Contd.) - caloric 707 - bulb 371,847,851,1151, 1152, 1153, - Edinger-Westphal 837 1154 - emboliformis 1047 0-2A-cells 618 - coding 853 - external 738 0-2A-progenitor 605 - mucosa 848 - fastigial 571 O-radicals 1539 - receptor neurons 847, 848 - fastiguus 1047, 1048, 1073, 1074 0, 1923,2298,2414 - tubercle 1042, 1152 - globosus 1047 - deficiency, responses (s. also responses oligodendrocytes 537,605 - habenulae 1042, 1140, 1153 to 0, deficiency) 2320 oligomycin 166 - hyperstriatum ventrale caudale 1144 - deficit 2067 oligopeptidase 1261 - intercalatus 656 - delivery 2312,2320 - brush-border 1267 - interpeduncular 1153 - equilibration 2071 oligo pep tides 1267, 1530, 1531 - interpositus 1047, 1048, 1064, 1073, - extraction 1909, 1921, 1924, 1925 - transporter 1269 1074, 1079, 1080 - saturation 1934 oligosaccharides 1261 - intralaminar thalamic 628 - transfer of 2298 oliguria 1906, 1910 - Kiilliker-Fuse 1013 0, consumption 468,587, 1491, 1907, oliguric phase 1539 - lateral cervical 627,637 1909, 1918, 1921, 1925, 1927, 1930,2320 olivary 1035, 1049, 1086 - lateral geniculate 574 - centralization of the fetal circulation olive 1035, 1049, 1086 - lateral posterior thalamic 628 2320 - inferior 1035 - lateral reticular 1048 - fetal skeletal muscle cells 2320 olivocochlear projection 751 - lateralis dorsalis thalamic 628 - glial cells 2320 OMD 1502, 1503 - median preoptic 1634 - "metabolic centralization" 2320 omeprazole 166, 256, 1505 - of Meynert 2399 - myocardial cells 2320 omnidirectional 841 - paragigantocellularis 1151 0, equilibrium curve 2044 on response 765 - paraventricular - alveolar-capillary diffusion 2045 oncogenes III - paraventricular 380,381, 388, 596, - pulmonary diffusing capacity 2045 - v-erb A 465 597, 1629, 1634, 1635 0, pressure 150, 1484, 1506 oncogenic transformation 215 - pedunculopontine 1153 - tissue 2067 - chromosomal translocation 215 - pedunculopontine tegmental (PPN) - venous 2067 - deletion 21 5 1012, 1013, 1042, 1070 obeses 1447 - gene amplification 215 - peripeduncular 1153 obesity 1430, 1903 - insertion 215 - pontine 1047, 1048, 1049, 1074 - android 1430 - oncogene 215 - prepositus hypoglossi 1151, 1152 - female type 1430 - point mutation 215 - raphe 988,991, 1002, 1007, 1013, 1042, - genetic fators 1431 - tumor development 215 1051 - hypertrophic 1430 oncoprotein 432 - reticular 628, 1012, 10 13, 1068 - male type 1430 - acidic 432 - reticular thalamic 798 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - basic fibroblast growth factor 432 - reticularis pontis caudalis 737 object recognition 33 - cancer 432 - ruber 625,626, 1012, 1013, 1035, 1048, oblique - central nervous system (s. also CNS) 1074, 1075 - inferior 831 432 - sagulum 839 - superior 831 - co and/or post-translational - sensorius principalis V 625, 627 observability 73 modification 433 - of the solitary tract 858, 1897, 1882 obstruction 1538, 1539 - cytokines 432 - spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve occipital lobe 1139 - hemopoietic 432 627, 638 octanol 141, 1112 - interleukins 433 - sub medius 628 octocalciumphosphate 1601 - lymphokines 432 - subthalamic us (STN) 1042 octopus cells 733 - monokines 432 - suprachiasmatic 387 - build-up and pauser PSTH 733 - nerve growth factor 432 - supraoptic 380,381, 388, 596, 597, ocular dominance 869, 1115, 1116, 1117, - neurotrophic factors 432 1627, 1628, 1629, 1633, 1634, 1635 1118,1126,1128,1129 -- brain-derived 433 - tractus solitarii 347,2001, 1151, 1152 - specificity 807,810,814 - neurotrophin 433 - trigeminal 638 ocularity 644, 645, 982 - neurotrophin-3 433 - tuberomammillary 1154 oculomotor 668, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, - neurotrophin-4 433 - ventral anterior thalamic 628 1047, 1049, 1054, 1066, 1072, 1080, 1084 - peripheral 432 - ventral of the lateral lemniscus 839 - muscles 831 - platelet -derived smooth factor 432 - ventral lateral thalamic 628 - nerve 794 - tissue 432 - ventral posterior medial (s. also VML) odor 2219 oncotic pressure 1477,1653,2424,2428 628 - primary 848 one-second capacity 2436 - ventral posteromedialis 627 OGDH 1861 ontogenesis 1140, 1156, 1157 - ventral tegmental 1082 ~-OH -butyrate 2429 oocyte 145,1223,2265 - ventralis posterolateralis thalami (s. OH-proline 1531 - activation 2270 also VPL) 625, 626, 628 OHC 752 oogenesis 2242 - ventromedial 391 Ohm's circuit current 1219 oogonia 2242 - vestibular 656, 1048, 1049, 1055, 1012, Ohm's law 151,248,249,250,251, 1220, open circuit conditions 1218, 1219 1013, 1152 1221, 1476, 1480, 1867 open probability 248,251,260,1500, - X 626, 627, 633, 637 Ohmic current 252 1505, 1537 - Z 626,627, 633, 637 okadaic acid 99 open state 247, 249 nurture 473 OKR 829 ophthalmoscope 6, 763, 771 nutrients, absorbes 1461 oleate 1270 opiates 673, 1046, 1565 nutrition 6, 1740 - fatty acids 1270 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - in childhood 2384 OLF 1627, 1633, 1634, 1636, 1638, 1641 opioids 110,394, 1635 nutritional recovery syndrome 1604 olfaction 847, 1644 opponency 795,796,808,809,811,813, nystagmus 706, 1072 olfactory 822

2502 opsonization 1703, 1740 - beta 518 outer stripe of outer medulla 1472 optic - delta 518 outside-in signaling 190 - axis 758, 760 - gamma activity 518 oval foramen 1913 - chiasm 794, 796 - theta 518 oval window 716 - disk, papilla 758, 759, 760, 766 oscillatory domain 1962 ovaries 1934, 2238 - ecological 862 - allosteric activators 1962 ovary cells 141 - nerve 758, 766, 823, 1138 - electrogenic pump 1962 - Chinese hamster 1223 - recording 851 - inhibitors 1962 overcompleteness 977 - tract 794, 796, 1138 - (Na++K+)ATPase 1962 overhydration 1470,1506,1539,1540, optimality 73 - oscillator 1962 1635, 1639, 1644 optimization 978,983, 1015 - slow wave 1962 overnutrition 1425, 1430 optokinetic response (s. also OKR) 829 oscillating network, primary 2087 Overton, E. 6 ora serrata 758, 759 - antagonistically interconnected 2087 Overton rule 149 oral and pharyngeal phases 1235 - modulation of intrinsic properties overtone 712 oral cavity 1233 2087 overweight 1430 oral contraceptives 1903 - neurons 2087 oviduct 2247, 2249 organ 381 - synaptic inhibition 2087 OVLT 1628, 1634, 1645,2212 - circumventricular 386, 387 osmolality 259, 1506, 1507, 1510, 1636, ovulation 397, 398, 2242 - death 2415 1639,1642,2424,2428,2434 ovum 398 - donor 2416 osmolarity 1587,1592,2424 oxalacetate - isolated 5, 16 osmolyte metabolism 259 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - reproductive, secretion 2257 osmolytes 259, 1510, 1530, 1547, 1567 oxalate 1497, 1532, 1533, 1601, 1602, - specific activation 166 - washout of 1509 2429 - subcommissural 387 osmoreceptors 381, 1557, 1564, 1586, oxidase, cytochrome pattern 879 - subfornical 381, 382, 386, 387 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629, 1631, 1639 oxidation organ function 1621, 2409 - hepatic 1626, 1636 - of carbohydrate 585 - change in 1621 osmosis 1228, 1971 - pyruvate 83 organic 1532 osmotic oxidation water - acids 162, 1497, 1532 - gradient 1545 - daily turnover 1550 - bases 1497, 1532 - pressure 1546, 2424, 2428 ~-oxidation 83, 1444 - compounds 2429 -- colloid 8 oxidative - nitrates 107 - stimulation 597 - energy metabolism 1394 organification 453, 455, 460 - water 1373 - metabolism 2063,2318 organoplegic solutions 2415 ossicles 715 - phosphorylation 929, 932 organum vasculosum 1627 ossification 2447 - stress 2409, 2410 organum vasculosum of the lamina - onset of 2444 5-oxo-proline 1531 terminalis (s. also OVLT) 2212 osteoblast 1601, 1937 oxygen 581,585,929,931,2068 oriens! alveus cell 1123 - activation 1534 - consumption 466,587, 1490,2064 orientation selectivity 869 osteocalcin 1601 - debt 929, 2067 orientation sensitivity 659, 660, 663, osteoclast 166,256, 1485, 1601 - delivery 2066 664,666 osteocyte 1937 - demand 2064 orientation specificity 804, 805, 806, 807, osteodystrophy 1541 - extraction 1896, 1897 808,809,810,814,816,818,824, 1115, osteogenesis 1533 - free radicals 1207 1116,1117,1118,1126 osteogenesis imperfecta 179, 180 - "partial pressure" 1971 ornithine 1531 - brittle bone diseases 180 - radicals 83, 103, 135, 539, 2414, 2416 oropharynx 1636 - congenital contractural arachnodactyly -- derived 2410 orthometria 1076 179 - species, reactive 1383 orthostasis 1892, 1899, 1906 - deletional mutations 180 - tensions 1396 oscillation 30,33,516,526, 1131, 1154, - deletions 181 - toxicity 2068,2182 1204 - fragility of the bones 180 - utilization 579 - assemblies 526 - genes for fibrillin 179 oxygen delivery 1769 -- binding 528 - hydroxylapatite 181 - rheology of 1769 -- dynamic 527 - insertions 181 oxygen partial pressure 1959 - bifurcation 526 - point and exonskipping mutations - adenosine 1959 - frequency-specific role 527 180 - glibenclamide 1959 - gating mechanism 527 - substitutional mutations 180 - hypoxia 1959 - gating process 528 osteoinductive factors 1602 - indomethacin 1959 - gating role 527 osteolysis 166, 1533, 1534 - KAT!' channels 1959 - long-term potentiation (s. also LTP) osteonectin 1601 -Kc" channels 1959 527 osteopontin 1601 oxyhemoglobin 2052 - matching 527 osteoporosis 1606, 2398 oxyntic cell 260 - multiple reentrant pathways 526 OT (s. also oxytocin) 2347 oxyntomodulin 1283 - networks 526 otolith 1014 oxytocin (s. also OT) 322,380, 383, 385, - resonance 527 ouabain 165,255,256, 1521, 1537, 1552, 386,396,398,1630,1642,1876,2347 - switching mechanisms 528 1557, 1560, 1561, 1562, 1587, 1634, - endothelin (ET) 2347 - synchronized 883 1638, 1641, 1645,2221,2222 - interleukin (ILJ 2347 - synchronized activity 528 - binding site 165 - tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 2347 - synchronized oscillatory acitvities 526 -like factor 1518,1626,1627,1633, - transfer function 526 1638, 1641 P -cadherin 193 reentrant connections 526 outer medulla 1506, 1507, 1508, 1510 - HA V sequence 193 oscillatory behavior, synchronized 518 outer medullary collecting duct (s. also - morphogenesis 193 - alpha 518 OMD) 1502 - placenta 193

2503 P-cadherin (Contd.) - B-cells 1550, 1551 - vasodilator neurons 2257 - uterine decidua 193 - (triacylglycerol) lipase 1330 parasympathetic nervous system 1415 P duration 2438 pancreatic juice 1550,2431 - afferent nerves 341 P vector 2438 - alkaline 1336 - vagal afferents 346 P-type 273 - composition of 1332, 2432 parathyrin 110, 1486 P21 275 - polypeptide 1406 parathyroid hormone (PTH) 29,98, 101, p21'" 1715 pancreatic secretion 1341 1478, 1480, 1486, 1518, 1519, 1522, - GDP-dissociation stimulator (s. also - interdigestive period 1341 1523, 1524, 1526, 1527, 1534, 1562 GDS) 1715 pancreatitis 1603 parathyroid hormones 1312, 1596 - GTPase-activating protein (s. also - acute 1328 parathyroid-hormone-related protein GAP) 1715 Paneth cell 1260, 1261 (s. also PTHRP) 1603, 1604 - p120-GAP 1716 Panum, P.L. 7 parathyroidectomy 1603 p56kk 1717 panum's area 876 paratope 1697 p59fyn 1717 papilla 1507, 1510, 1518 - immunoglobulin isotypes 1698 PA (s. also acid, phosphatidic) 108 papillary 469 paravalbumin 927 pacemaker 22,33,398,971,973 papillary collecting duct (s. also parcellation 11 07, 11 09 - activity 2352 peD) 1473, 1485, 1508, 1536, 1503 parenchymal cells 1393 - cell 902 para-aminohippurate (s. also PAH) 259, parenteral nutrition 1603 - potentials 902 1476, 1485, 1532, 1533, 2439 paresthesias 1592 pacemaking activity 1291 parabolic flight (s. also "Keplerian" parietal cell 1247, 1523 Pacini 626,630,648,649, 650, 651, 652, flight) 2177 Parkinson 1061, 1069, 1070, 1079, 1083, 653,656,658,659,661,663,665,666, paracellular 1151,1152,1154, 1156 673 - path 1219 Parkinson's disease 128,326, 547 - receptor 975, 996 - space 1496 parotid gland 2431 Pacinian corpuscule 298 paracellular pathway 1221, 1223, 1225, paroxysmal hypertension 1565 PAF (platelet activating factor) 100, 101 1226, 1497, 1498, 1500, 1501, 1502, pars distalis 388 741, 744, 747, 750, 1476, 1480, 1485, 1503, 1523, 1531,2222 pars intermedia 398 1881, 1988 paracellular reabsorption 1504 - intermediate lobe 398 PAF (s. also platelet aggregating factor) paracellular shunt 1219, 1220, 1222, pars lateral 741 100, 101, 128, 135 1225, 1226, 1227, 1228, 1522 pars lateralis 743 PAH 1532, 1533, 2439 - pathway 1496, 1497, 1500, 1521 pars ovoidea 741,743 - clearance 2439 Paracelsus, Theophrastus Bombastus pars recta 1471, 1485, 1507, 1508 - transporter 1532 paracetamol 1384 partial complex seizures 373 pain 372,623,627,628,629,633,637, paracrine 116, 119, 135,431,1247,2245 particles 166 648, 653, 654, 673 - hormones 115 particulate guanylate cyclase 106 pain sensation 133, 677 - intracrine 431 parturition 383, 386, 2347 - aching pain 681 - juxtacrine 431 parvalbumin 953 - burning pain 681 - pathway 1358 parvocellular (P) cell, pathway 797, 800, - central 693 paradigm 809,814,815,818,819,820,825 - first pain 681 - holographic 1738 passive reabsorption 1509 - hyperalgesia 681 - mental 1738 Pasteur, L. 7 - pricking pain 681 - shift 1738 patch clamp 7,140, 144, 152,315,2225 - referred pain 682 paradox - analysis 247, 1222, 1500, 1502 - second pain 681 - mind-body 1737 - recording 1500 pain, gate control theory of 688 parahippocampal gyrus 1124 - studies 1503, 1504 - acupuncture 688 parallax 767, 768 - technique 140,291, 292, 1503 - dorsal column stimulation 688 parallel fiber 1049, 1051, 1052, 1053, pathogenesis 468 - transcutaneous electrical nerve 1054,1080,1081, 1084, 1085, 1179 pathophysiology 12, 16,468, 1251 stimulation 688 parallel processing 878 - hypergastrinemia 1252 pain, neuropathic 677,693 parallel-conductance model 286 - peptic ulcer disease 1251 - causalgia 693 - cable theory 288 - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 1252 - phantom limb pain 693 - conductance 287 pathways 1619 - thalamic pain 693 - conduction velocity 288 - sacro-lumbar reflex 1619 Palade, G.A. 7 - equilibrium potential 287 pathways, magnocellular 879 paleopallium 1107 - length constant 288 - parvocellular 879 pallidal 1042, 1043, 1046, 1047, 1055, paralysis 1592 patients 1621 1064, 1071, 1072, 1075, 1152 - time 2068 - chronic paraplegic 1622 pallidum 1042, 1043, 1046, 1047, 1055, parameters 26, 31, 38, 39 - paraplegic 1621 1064, 1071, 1072, 1075, 1152 parametric feedback 834 - tetraplegic 1621 pallidus 1042, 1043, 1046, 1047, 1055, - adaptation 834 pattern coding 885 1064, 1071, 1072, 1075, 1152 - cerebellum 334 pattern generation 2087 palmitate 1270, 1279 - parametric adaptation 834 - expiration is switched off 2088 - esters 1279 - retinal slip 834 - expiration is switched on 2088 pampiniform plexus 1937 paramyotonia congenita 272 - inspiration is reversibly switched off pancreas 124,131, 132, 139, 157, 159, paramyotonias 963 2088 1226, 1406, 1589, 2416 "paranodal apparatus" 537 - inspiration is switched on 2087 - endocrine 139, 145 paraplegia 630 pattern recognition 983 - exocrine 1224 paraplegic 930, 1008, 1083 Pavlov, LP. 7 pancreatic parasympathetic 1735, 1737 Pavlovian conditioning 1167, 1170, 1734 - a-amylase 1330 - activity 1898, 1899 paxilin 1715 - acinar cell 2224 - outflow 1612 PBP (s. also primed-burst potentiation - acini 141,142, 144 - sympathetic 1899 479

2504 PCD 1531 peripheral chemoreceptors 2117 - pyramidone 150 PCK4 273 - blood-chemical stimuli 2118 - sequence 248

PC02 571, 1525, 1537,2430 - cells 2117 - "solute" 1970 - difference 2043 - chemodectomas 2117 - surface-area products 1970 - increased 571 - glome ric 2117 - urea 150 - reduced arterial 571 - low blood pressure 2119 - vascular 135 P CO2' changes in 1953 - metabolic disturbances 2119 - water 150 - extracellular acidosis 1953 - NADPH 2119 permeation barrier 156 - K+ permeability 1953 - 0, consumption 2117 permselectivity 156,246, 1225 - vasoconstriction 1953 - oxidase 2119 peroxidases 83 - vasodilatation 1953 - sympathetic innervation 2119 peroxide insult 83 PDGF 1873, 1879 - transducing process 2118 peroxisomes 83, 86, 2410 PDH 1861 -typeI 2117 personal space 668 peanuts 2445 peripheral resistance 1636 personality 1741 pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus periportal 1372 -traits 1741 (PPN) 1012, 1042, 1044, 1070 periportal cells 1576 perspective 767 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (s. also - liver 1576 perspiratio insensibilis 1563 PMD) 541 periportal low-affinity 1398 perspiration pelvic fornices 1506 periportal/perivenous enzyme activity - insensible 1909 penetration 215 gradients 1393 pertussis toxin 96,97,99, 110 penicillin 574 peristalsis 1254, 1418 pertussis-sensitive Gj-protein 108 penis 1935,1936,2247,2254 peristaltic complex 1418 pessimistic explanatory style 1726 pentose peritoneal fluid 1553 PET (s. also position emission - carriers 1262 peri tubular cells 2241 tomography) 567, 576 584, 585, 586, pentose phosphate cycle peritubule capillaries 1477,1518 600,628,880 - intracellular pH 1571 "peritubule" hypothesis 1518 - "activation" studies with PET in pepsin 1242 perivascular nerves 571 humans 600 peptidase 1531 - adrenergic 571 - (18Flfluorodeoxyglucose technique peptide 327, 389, 396, 1269 - cholinergic 571 600 - calcitonin gene-related 327 - peptidergic 571 - regional cerebral glucose utilization - CCK -releasing 1341 perivenous 1372 600 - gastrin-releasing 1244, 1281 - cells 1576 petit-mal 32 - glucagon-like 1283 - high-affinity system 1398 Peyer's patches 1266 - GnRH-associated (s. also GAP) 397 perivitelline space 2272 PFK 1962 - histidine isoleucine-27 (s. also PHI) perlecan 201, 204, 208 Pfluger, E. 5

396 - basement membrane 204 PGD 2 117 - hormones 1531 - cell adhesion 204 PGE 132 - opioid 327, 389 - collagen type IV 204 PGE j 1484,1601 - pancreatic monitor 1341 - EGF repeats 204 PGE, 98, 117, 1480, 1484, 1518, 1536, - peptidergic 988, 1003 - endothelial cells 204 1562,1601,2348 - regulatory 1320 - epidermal growth factor (EGF) 205 - prostaglandin E2 98 - secretin-releasing 1341 - G domain 204 PGF20 117 perception 39, 712, 1033 - glomerular filtration 204 PGH 2 117 perceptual constancies 883, 884 - heparan sulfate (HS) 205 PGI2 (s. also prostacyclin) 117, 1872 perceptual grouping 877 - Ig repeats 204 pH 142,253,931,932, 1549,2057,2430, perforant path 1123,1124, 1125, 1127, - immunoglobulin superfamily 205 2437 1129, 1133 - ~ 1-integrins 204 - blood and tissue 571 performance - laminin 204, 205 - cell 161 - physiological 2396 - laminin A chain 204, 205 - cytosolic 142, 161, 1500, 1521, 1523, perfusion 2037 - LDL receptor repeats 204 1535, 1537,2414,2415 - arterialization of blood 2038 - low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - dependence 1500 - coronary 1874 receptor 205 - gradient 1227, 1228 - pressure 1481 - negative charge density 204 - homeostasis 150,537,1227,1399, perfusography 1782 - neural cell adhesion molecule 1495 periaqueductal gray 627, 1152 (NCAM) 205 - housekeeping 1495 pericardial 467 - perlecan 205 intracellular 1571 - fluid 1553 - polysaccharide-protein linkage region - luminal 1523, 1527 perikarya 597, 598 205 - plasma 1534 - glucose utilization in the 597 - serine protease inhibitors 204 - regulation 162, 1524 - nerve process 597 - storage of growth factors 204 - regulation, systemic 1389 perilymph 715, 716 permeability 90, 150, 151, 155, 249, 252, - sensing 260 perimetry 766 1968,2076 - "stat" 1399 perimicrovascular 2076 - butanol 150 - systemic 1537 perinatal period 1720 - caffeine 150 - tubule 1523 periodicals 4 - diffusional 149 - unne 1523 periodicity 385 - endothelial 1969 phaclofen 1121 - analysis 722 - ethanol 150 phagocytes 107, 1742 - burst 385 - glycerol 150 phagocytosis 83, 84, 1734, 1990 periolivary nuclei 735, 737 - methanol 150 - vasospasm 1990 - GABAergic 737 - nonelectrolyte 150 phagolysosomes 83 peri personal 980 - paraldehyde 150 phalloids 87 - space 668, 669 - propanol 150 phantom limb 673

2505 phantom sensation 673 phonocardiography 1797 142, 143, 144, 156, 162, 163, 165, 254, pharmacological phorboI12-myristate, 13 acetate (s. also 1504, 1526 - Ca'+ channels, receptor-operated 904 PMA) 1449 - cAMP 143 - "pharmacomechanical coupling" 900, phorbol ester 102, 103, 1955 - electron transport 1437 904 - activation curve 1955 - light chain-2 952 - tools 16 - Ca'+ release channels 1955 - oxidative 1438 pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter - conduit arteries 1955 - protein kinase A 143 1233 - co transmitter ATP 1955 - protein kinase C 144 pharynx reflex 2441 -Kc, channels 1955 - receptor 98 phase 1614 - membrane potential 1955 - respiratory chain 1438 - cephalic 1340 - protein kinase C 1955 - sites 91 - gastric 1340 - (XI-receptor subtype 1955 - substrate level 1437 - intestinal 1340 - tumor promotors 1955 - theory of cross bridge activation 899 - locking 734 phosphatase 83,98,99,446,1606,1872 phosphotase 1312 - one 2153 phosphate 1497, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1539, photometric 769 - separation, segregative 214 1540, 1541, 1558, 1595, 1598, 1599, photoneuroendocrine transducer 1203 - storage 1614 1601, 1602,2416 photo neuroendocrine - three 2155 - buffers 1573 transduction 1208 - transition 45, 47 - depletion 1601, 1602, 1605 photoperiods 1204 - two 2154 - diabetes 1604, 1606 photopic 757, 764, 769, 793 - voiding 1614 - diet 1526 photoreception 1208 phase behavior 213 - high-energy 927,929,931,932 photoreceptor 773, 783, 793, 795, 1208 - cell proliferation 213 - inorganic (P) 929,931,932 - cells 275 - charge density 213 - reabsorption 1519,1526,1527,1534 - cones 773 - development 213 - recovery 1527 - rods 773 - differentiation 213 phosphatic acid (s. also PAl 108 phototransduction 107 - one-phase system 213 phosphatidylcholine 88, 89, 90 phrenology ll07, ll08 - ternary polymer system 213 phosphatidylethanolamine 89 phylogeny 11 07 - two-phase system 213 phosphatidylinositol 89 physical phase diagrams 213 phosphatidylinosito -3,4,5-triphosphate - activity 2442 - borderline 213 1450 - categories of 2396 - one-phase system 213 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate - exercise 1588, 1639,2219,2225,2226, - segregating ternary polymer system (s. also PIP,) 99, 1313, 1450 2397,2398 213 phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5trisphophate - exercise in muscle strength 2398 - tie-line 213 100 - health index 2396 - triangular 213 phosphatidylserine 89 - reactivity 1540 - two-phase system 213 phosphaturia 1527, 1534 - training 1590, 1591 phase jumps 43 phosphene 771 physical factors 1958 phase proteins, acute 1375, 1380 phosphodiesterase 2236 - K+ channel, inward-rectifier 1958 phase separation - inhibitors 1603 - vascular endothelium 1958 - viscosity 213 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase physiological phase separation, associative 213 (PEPCK) 1396 - regulation 2207 - differential factors 213 phosphofructokinase 1961, 2414 - societies 4 - growth 213 - intracellular pH 1571 physiology phase-shifting 1201 - monoiodoacetate (IAA) 1961 - cardiovascular 34 - phase-response curve 1201 - phosphofructokinase 1962 - cellular 13, 15 phasic 748, 749 - phosphorylation 1597 - history of 1 phenamil 1496, 1520 - vasoconstriction, pressure-induced - integrative 13 phenochromocytoma 1903 1961 - international congress of 6 phenothiazine 106, 1070 - vasodilatation, flow-induced 1961 - membrane 15 phenotype phosphoinositides 2354 - molecular 12, 13 - connective tissue 217 phospho inositol 389 - respiratory 34 - insulin 217 phosphoinositol-4,5-diphosphate 234 - sensory 6 - insulin-like growth factors (IGF-l) phospho lamb an 906, 2002 - systems of 12, 16 217 phospholipase 1878, 2354 Pi 1596, 1598 - invasive 216,217 - Cy (PLCy) 99, 100 picolinic acid - malignant 216 - C~ (PLC~) 99, 100 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - migratory 217 - C (s. also PLC) 89,95, ll6, ll7, 126, picrotoxin 1052 - zymogen 217 129, , 130, 131, 133, 134, 144,459,850, PIF 396 phenylalanine 1530,1531,2428 1313,1716,2224,2234,2354 pigment epithelium 255, 1225 phenylalkylamine 274 - D 89, 108, ll6, ll7 pimelate 1533 phenylketonuria 1152 phospholipase AI 89 pin dolo 1 98 PHI (s. also peptide histidine phospholipase A2 89, 108, 109, ll6, ll7, pineal gland 1203, 1918 isoleucine-27) 396 123, 133, 134, 135, 144, 1273, 1330, 1536 pinealocyte 1208 phi ph en omen 877 - lyso-PAF 134 Pinkus-Iggo 648, 649, 673 phloretin 158, 1528, 1529 phospholipids 87, 1380, 1387 pinna 840 phlorrhizin 1528, 1529 phosphoryl-creatine 915 pinna muscles 839 phon 712 phosphorylase kinase pinnae 839 phonation, mode of 1099 - phosphorylation 1597 pinocytosis 83, 84, 85 - abduction 1099 phosphorylase-phosphatase inhibitor PIP, (phosphatidylinositol-l,4,• - adduction 1099 - phosphorylation 1597 diphosphate) 89,99, 100, 101, 109, phonetic ll43, ll48, ll57 phosphorylation 96,97, 98, 103, 104, ll6, 191, 144

2506 PIP3 144 - skimming 1769,1779 pleomorphism 2235 Piper, H. 6 - ultrafiltrate 1971 pleura 1934, 2077 pirmary fluid - volume 1910 pleural - CI- rich l318 plasma Ca'> 1534 - effusion 467 pirmary saliva 1322 - alkalosis 1581 - pressure 2074 Pit cells 1369, l371 - creatinine 1539, 1540 - space 1553 pitch 734 - electrolytes 2427,2428 plexus pituitary 28,33, 36, 124, 133, 379, 387, - flow 1474, 1477 - Auerbach's 1415 391,457,458,463,465,467,1152,1483, - renal 1476 - choroid 545 1918 - HCO, 1524 - Meissner's 1415 - anterior lobe 387 -- reabsorption 1534 - myenteric 1415 - stalk 391 - intracellular pH 1571 - submucosal 1415 pituitary-adrenal hormone 1712 - membrane 166, 245, 246, 254, 255, pluripotent factors 438 - artesian 1712 2269 - stem cell growth factor 438 pituitary gland 794 plasma membrane Calc-ATPase 1952 Plymouth 10 - anterior 31 - Ca2+ pump 1952 PMA 1449 pituitary gonadotropins 2234 - Ca2+ pump, self-association of the PMD (s. also Pelizaeus-Merzbacher pituitary posterior 596, 597 1952 disease) 541 - [14C]deoxyglucose autoradiogram - calmodulin 1952 PMN 1987 596 - endoplasmic reticulum Ca"-ATPAse pneumonia 1642,2411 PK 2353 1952 pneumothorax PKA (s. also protein kinase A) 97, 98, - Na'+K'-ATPase 1952 - respiratory acidosis 1579 99,103, 129, 1504, 1519, 1526, 1527, - oligomerization 1952 PNI (s. also psychoneuroimmunology) 1536, 1538 - phospholipase C (PLC) 1952 1731 - phosphorylation 140, 143 plasma motilin 1295 Pm 571, 1485, 1535, 1539 PKA-P 253 plasma osmolality 1625, 1627, 1635, - arterial 571 PKC (s. also protein kinase C) 100, 101, 1637, 1639, 1643, 1644, 1645 - increased 571 102,103,104,108,111,129,144,190, plasma pH 1534 - reduced blood 571 1519, 1526, 1716 plasma protein 1377 Pm difference 2043 PKC-u 101 plasma protein 1966,1974,1975 - alveolar-to-arterial 2043 PKC-P 253 - osmotic pressure of the 1971 pocket mouse 1506 PKC-phosphorylation 140 plasma protein-mediated transport 551 podocytes 1473, 1474 PLA, 110 plasma proteins 1869,2427,2428 Poggendorff and Zollner illusions 875 place cell 1132 plasma urea 1540 Poiseuille 1866 placenta 160,1483, 1912, 1913,2291, plasma volume 1633,1975 Poiseuille's law (see Hagen-Poiseuille's 2325 plasmin 178 law) 1757, 1999 - glucose 2326 - fibrin 178 polar body 2242 - lactate 2326 - fibronectin 178 polarity 1217 - 0, affinity of fetal blood 2326 - laminin 178 poliomyelitis 1083 - 0, delivery 2325, 2326 plasminogen 178 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - 0, diffusion capacity 2326 plasminogen activator 2245 polydipsia 1641 - 0, extraction 2326 plasmocytoma cells 129 polyelectrolytes 2 I 3 - umbilical blood flow 2325 - IFN 129 polymerase chain reaction 13 - venous equilibration 2325 plasticity 330,628,644,671,673,983, polymerization of macromolecules 259 - venous PCO2 2326 998, 1024, 1040, 1074, 1078, 1079, 1080, polymorphonucelar (PMN) placental barrier 2295 1105, 1112, 1113, 1120, 1122, 1124, leukocytes 1987 placental efficiency 2298 1126,1129,1134 polymyxin B 144 placental hormone production 2339 - neuronal 330 polypeptides 166, 1531 - chrorionic thyrotropin 2341 plateau potential 971,991, 1013 polysaccharides, acidic 197 - glycoprotein hormone family 2340 platelet 122, 123, 1480, 1881, 1882 - basement membrane 197 - pituitary-like hormones 2340 - activating factor (s. also PAF) 100, - ion exchangers 197 - placental estrogens 2339 101,129,131,134,1480,1878,1882, - membrane potential 197 - placental hypothalamic-like 1988 - neutral 197 neuropeptides 2341 - adhesion 2076 polyspermy 2273 - placental progesterone 2340 - aggregating factor (s. also PAF) 100, polyuria 1604 - placental proopiomelanocortin 2340 101, 128 polyuric phase 1539 placental immunology 2295 - aggregation 123,131,1988 POMC (s. also pro-opiomelanocortin placental transfer 2295 -- irreversible 1783 398 - of hormones 2339 - derived growth factor (s. also pons 625,987,1012,1153 placentone 2294 PDGF) 128, 129, 194, 1873 pontine 1153 plaid 874 -- receptor 194 pontine reticular formation 834 plan, planning 974, 975, 977, 982, 983, - glycoprotein GPIIb-IlIa (s. also integrin - saccade 385 1033, 1059, 1064, 1077, 1084, 1086, 1091 uIIb~3) 191 ponto-bulbar locomotor region (P-BLR) plant 28,38,39,40,41 - rheology 1783 1012 plantar reflex 2441 - viscous metamorphosis of 1784 Popper 13 planum temporale 1139, 1140, 1144, Plato 2, 2417 population dynamics 30 1155, 1157 PLCy (s. also phospholipase Cy) 191, porenin 1483 plasma 150,251,259,1769,1888,1893 444 pores 1316 - decanting 1779 PLC 99,100,101,102,109,111,117, - aqueous 1315 - electrolytes 1652 1313,1952 porphobilinogen 2434 - expander 1911 pleiotropy 179 position - proteins 1653 - fibrillin (FBN!) 179 - supine 1892

2507 positive pregnancy 1564, 1601, 1631, 1638, 1639, primary afferent depolarization (PAD) - chronotropic effect 134 1643,1644,1913,2243 1003, 1010 - inotropic effect 167 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 primary fluid 1321 positron emission spectroscopy 16 pregnenolone 2237 - Chich 1318 positron emission tomography premotor sympathetic neurons 2134 - HCO,-rich 1318 (PET) 567,628, 668, 792, 815, 816, - vasomotor tone 2134 primate 818,819, 824, 1062, 1078, 1167, 1138, preoptic 2214 - testis 2238 1139,1144,1146 - area 1140, 1151, 1152, 1154,2209,2210 priming 1143,1166 positron-emitting isotopes 567 preparation 13, 1033, 1035, 1040, 1046, principal cell 154, 1503, 1505, 1486, possum response 1736 1060, 1061, 1062, 1064, 1065, 1066, 1502, 1513, 1536, 1537, 1538 post mortem 2411 1067, 1069, 1071, 1077 principal plane 760 post-tetanic potentiation 952 - whole-animal 13 principal point 758, 762 postcentral 1033, 1062, 1067 presbyopia 736 (pro )carboxypeptidase 1329 - areas 1067 pressoreceptor 5, 1626, 1633, 1640, 1897, - pancreatic 1329 - cortex 1067 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1903, 1905, pro-colipase 1267 - gyrus 1033 1908, 1912 pro-opiomelanocortin (s. also posterior auditory field 745 pressure 628,655,656,658,669,1877, POMC) 398 posterior pituitary lobe 1536 1960,2422,2423 probability, open 151,155 posterior thalamic complex 628 - amplitude 1887, 1897 procedural memory 1166 posteroventral nucleus 731 - arterial 1876, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, process formation 608 poststimulus time histogram 732 1899, 1900, 1901, 1905, 1908, 1911, process, global 862 postsynaptic activities 2082 1912, 1918, 1926 processing, feature-specific 868 - E2 neurons 2083 - atmospheric 2039 processing, local 862 - early-I-neuron 2082 - barometric 2039 pro collagen 177 - excitatory inputs 2082 - capillary 1875, 1889, 1896, 1899, 1907, - Golgi apparatus 177 - I-neurons 2083 1972 - pro collagen peptidase 177 - inhibitory synaptic inputs 2082 - capillary hydrostatic 1971 - tropocollagen 177 - late-I -neurons 2083 - cavernous 1936 product - PI neurons 2083 - central venous 1899 - permeability-surface area 1968 - pre-I neurons 2083 - colloid osmotic 1971 proetin kinase A 1505 postsynaptic dorsal column 624, 626, - cuff 1902 profilin 87,231,235 627,628,634,655,656 - diastolic 1897, 1902 progeria 2411 postsynaptic element 322 - diuresis 1482, 1926 progesterone 397, 398, 477, 1562, 1644, postsynaptic inhibition 750 - elastance 1997 2236 postsynaptic potentials - filling 1911 - receptor 2238 - excitatory 902 - filtration 1889 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - inhibitory 245 - flow curves 2072 program 975,976,981,982, 1027, 1033, posture 1904,1905, 1920, 1927 - flow relation 2008 1059, 1060, 1062, 1063, 1068, 1069, potassium 1322, 2302 - hydrostatic 1891, 1902, 1906 1074, 1077, 1084, 1085, 1092, 1141, 1146 - metabolism 1522 - interstitial 1894, 1902 pro hormones 389, 396 potential 330 - interstitial fluid 1880 proinsulin 1357 - compound action 719 - intracapillary 1910 projection 387 - difference 153 - intramural 1960 - retinohypothalamic 387 - electrochemical 153 - intrathoracic 1892 prolactin 98, 133, 388, 391, 394, 395, - endolymphatic 718 - intravascular 1891, 1904, 1905 396, 398, 1601, 1723 - excitatory postsynaptic 330 - luminal 1895 - cyclic AMP 1597 - inhibitory postsynaptic 330 - lymphatic 1894 - dopamine 388 - summating 719 - mean circulatory 1996, 1997 - hypophysectomized 1723 potentiation 671,920,921,932,1040, - mean systemic filling 1996 - release-inhibiting factor 388, 396 1078, 1113 - oncotic 1889, 1971 - releasing factor 396 -long-term 331,991, 1040, 1046, 1053, - perfusion 1876, 1877, 1890, 1891, - salt appetite 1564 1054, 1078, 1079, 1082, 1112, 1124, 1895,1901, 1902, 1920, 1925 proliferation 135 1125,1126,1127,1129,1131 - pulse 1888, 1908 proline 1393, 1531,2428 - post-tetanic 921,998, 1015, 1126, 1127 - receptors 1627, 1633 promethazine 1635 power 926,930,2422,2423 - regulation 1899 pronucleus 2273 PP 1285, 1340 - sensing 1389 propagation 215 - cells 1358 - systolic 1888, 1902 propeptides 177 PQ duration 2438 - tissue 1893,1907 - proa-chains 177 PR - transmural 1872, 1875, 1876, 1877, prophospholipase A, 1267 - interval 2438 1879, 1890, 1892, 1899, 1905 propoxyphene 1565 - segment 2438 - vascular 1890 proprioception 623,627,632,635,641, Pragnanz 877 - venous 1891,1892,1905,1910,1912, 645,650,665,668,669,971,975,980, prazosine 98, 10 1 1930 981,982,983,992,997,998,1008,1025, pre-~-lipoproteins 1434 - volume relation 2008 1027, 1028, 1035, 1040, 1066, 1067, precapillary sphincters 1043, 1965 pressurization 2184 1074, 1078 precentral 1033, 1034, 1062 presynaptic interactions 500 proprioceptive 623,627,632, 635, 641, - gyrus 1033, 1034 pretectal region 833 645,650,665,668,669,971,975,980, precocious puberty 2236 - retinal slip 833, 834 981,982,983,992,997,998,1008,1025, preeclampsia 1644, 1903 - vestibular nuclei 833 1027,1028,1132,1035,1040,1066, preferential conduits 47 - VOR 834 1067, 1074, 1078 preferential streaming 2309 PRF 396 propriospinal 624,637,992, 1002, 1003, - drugs 2309 primary active transport 1491 1008, 10 14, 1023

2508 propylthiouracil 458 - synapse-associated 310 - cellulose 197 prosopagnosia 790, 792, 815, 882, 1146 - thin filament 951 - central protein core 198 prostacyclin (s. also PGI 2) 119, 123, - turnover 1510 - chimeras 182 1982, 1959,2076,1872,1876, 1878, - tyrosine kinase 192 - chitin 197 1879, 1881, 1882 protein C 1989 - cholesterol 204 - adenylyl cyclase 1959 protein, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)• - collagen 197,203,204 - cyclooxygenase 1959 binding 443 - collagen fibers 198 prostaglandin (PG) 89, 107, 116, 117, - adenyl cyclase 444 - collagen type IV 204 122,131, 132, 135,572,996, 1249, 1266, - 3', 5' -cyclic adenosine monophosphate - connective tissue 197 1410, 1481, 1483, 1484, 1486, 1489, (cAMP) 444 - consensus sequence 201 1521, 1536, 1601, 1602, 1632, 1633, protein kinase (s. also PK) 96, 1312, - cytokine expression 202 1634, 1636, 1638, 1641, 1644, 1645, 1536,2353 - D-galactosamine (GaiN) 198 1872, 1881, 1902, 1909, 1928,2076, protein kinase A (s. also PKA) 96, 97, - D-glucosamine (GlcN9) 198 2248,2326,2350 129, 156, 156, 1353, 1499, 1504, 1527, - ~-D-glucuronic acid 198 - cyclic AMP 1597 2224 - D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) 198 - indomethacin 2326 protein kinase C (s. also PKC) 98, 100, - decorin 201,202,203,204 - leukotrienes 2326 101,104,126,129,144,156,258,444, - dermatan sulfate (DS) 198 - PGD, 119, 120 1248,1354,1504,1527,1716,1985 - differentiation factor 202 - PGE, 119, 120 - angiotensin-converting enzyme (s. also - exon shuffling 182

- PGF 2a 119, 120 ACE) 1985 - extracellular matrix 182, 201, 202, 203 - PGH, 119 - DAG 1354 - FGF 202 - PGI 2 119, 120 - endothelin -converting enzyme 1985 - fibromodulin 204 - pulmonary vasoconstriction 2326 - IP, 1354 - fibronectin 203 prostaglandin E 2077 - phorbol esters 1354 - focal contacts 203 prostaglandin E2 (s. also PGE2) 98, 1312, - vasospasm 1985 - GAG sequences 198 1480, 1518,2212 protein kinase G 156, 1480 - GAG side chains 198 prostaglandin F 2077 protein, mitotic suppressor 446 - galactosaminoglycan 198,201 prostaglandin F'a 1881 - p53 446 - galactose 198 prostaglandin G, (PGG,) 117, 119, 120 - PC12 cells 447 - glucosaminoglycan 198,201 prostaglandin H, 117, 120 - retinoblastoma protein 446 - glycoconjugates 203 prostanoids 116, 119, 121, 122, 123, 132, protein osmotic pressures 2076 - glycosylation 201 133, 135 protein phosphorylation 1374 - GM-CSF 203

- PGA I 122 - G- protein 13 74 - Golgi apparatus 201 - PGA, 122 - mitogen-activated protein (MAP) - granulocyte-macrophage colony- - PGD, 122 kinase 1374 stimulating factor GM-CSF 202

- PGE I 122 protein synthesis 91, 259, 1209, 1374, - growth factor 202, 203 - PGE, 122 1380, 2379 - hematopoiesis 202 - PGF'a 122 - respiratory quotient 2379 - hemopexin tandem repeat II 203 - PGI, 122 protein tyrosine kinase (s. also c -fes) - heparan sulfate/heparin-binding growth - TXA, 122 - cytoplasmic 215 factor (HSBGF) 203 prostate 2248 protein tyrosine kinase (s. also c-src) - heparin 198, 202, 203 - cancer 2249 215 - heparin cofactor II 202 - specific antigen 2248 - membrane/cytoskeleton-associated - hyaluronan (HA) 198 protanopia 6 Src 215 - IFNy 203 protease 83, 202, 1320 protein tyrosine kinase receptor family - IL-l 202 - pancreatic 1267 (s. also PTKR-SF) 215 - IL-3 202,203 protease E 1329 proteinuria 1474 - inflammation 202 protein 174,466,1490,1530,1531,1547, proteoglycan 91, 174, 182, 197, 198,204, - keratan sulfate (KS) 198 2059,2430,2431,2434 1601, 1873 - L-iduronic acid (IdoA) 198 - band 3 91 - acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) - L1 204 - capping 87, 231, 234 203 - leukemia inhibitory factor 202 - catabolism 1911 - acute phase responses 202 - leukocyte extravasation 202 - contractile 1872 - alginic acids 197 - leukocyte migration 202 - cortisol-binding 1453 - antithrombin III (ATIII) 202 - L1F 202 - depleted diet 1565 - apolipoprotein (Apo) B 204 - lipase 204 - fatty acid-binding 1274 - apolipoprotein E 204 - lipoproteins 204 - GAP 101 - arthropodes 197 - macrophage inflammatory protein-l ~ - glycolisation 1314 - basement membrane 203 (MIP-l~) 202 - GTP-binding 110 - basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) - MAG 204 - intake 1602 203 - matrix proteins 203 - 43-kDa 313 - biglycan 203 - modules 182 - membrane 90,91 - C-5 epimerase 201 - N-acetyl-~-D-glucosamine 198 - membrane transport 90 - carrageenans 197 - N-acetylation/sulfation 202 - membrane-spanning 88, 90 - cartilage 198 - N -deacetylase 201 - mitochondrial 83, 91 - CD44 202 - N-deacetylation 201 - plasma 1379 - cell differentiation 201,202,203 - N-sulfation 201 - plasma membrane 91 - cell division 202 - NCAM 204 - presynaptic 310 - cell membrane 201 - negative fixed charges 201 - Ras 101 - cell motility 203 - PDGF 202 - receptor 90 - cell movement 202 - pectins 197 - rich diet 1601 - cell proliferation 202, 203 - pentasaccharide recognition sequence - surface receptor 1967 - cell survival 202 202

2509 proteoglycan (Contd.) - bombesin 440 -- peak systolic pressure 2437 - plants 197 - c-fos 215,342 - bed 1866 - plasmin 203 - c-jun 215, 342 - circulation 1793

- plasminogen activator 203 - c-myc 215 - CO2 output 2147 - platelet aggregation 203 - erythropoietin 440 - edema - polymer modification 201 - granulocyte CSF 438 -- respiratory alkalosis 1580 - polymerization 201 - granulocyte-macrophage CSF 439 -- high-altitude 2190 - prostaglandin 202 - growth hormone 440 - embolism - protease inhibitor 202 - interferon 440 -- respiratory acidosis 1579 - protein tyrosine kinase receptor - prolactin 440 - gas exchanges 2034, 2037 superfamily (PTKR-SF) 203 - retinoic acid 440 pulmonary mechanism 2329 - SCF 202 - tumor necrosis factor 440 - craniocaudal gradient 2329 - site-directed mutagenesis 201 - vasoactive intestinal peptide 440 - distensibility 2329 - subcutis 198 - thyroid hormone 440 - lung capacity 2329 - O-sulfotransferase 201 proton gradient 166 - lung maturation 2329 - 3-0-sulfotransferase 202 proton pump 92, 166,2414 - maturation 2329 - syndecan 203, 204 - mitochondrial 166 - phosphatidylcholine 2329 - syndecan/perlecan 202 proton secreting 1503 - residual volume 2329 - synovial fluid 198 proton secretion 1502, 1513 - transpulmonary pressure 2329 - temperature regulation 202 protoplasmic streaming 240 - volume-pressure curve 2329 - tenascin 203 protoporphyrin 107, 2433 pulmonary receptors 2101 - TGFB 202, 203 proximal convoluted tubule 1472, 1508, - airway defense reflexes 2102 - thrombin 202 1558 - Hering-Breuer reflexes 2102 - thrombin-antithrombin III complex proximal nephron 1527, 1528, 1536 - higher-threshold receptor 2104 203 proximal reabsorption 1535 - irritant receptors 2102 - thrombospondin 203 proximal renal tubule 1229 - J receptors 2102 - tissue hepartinase 203 proximal tubule 80, 159, 1223, 1224, - low-threshold 2104 - tissue remodeling 202 1225, 1226, 1228, 1471, 1473, 1476, - lung stretch receptors 2102 - tissue repair 202 1483, 1486, 1489, 1490, 1492, 1493, pulmonary resistance, total 2436 - transcription factor 202 1494, 1496, 1497, 1498, 1500, 1501, pulmonary vagal mechanoreceptors - umbilical cord 198 1503,1510,1511,1517,1518,1519, 2161 - vascular endothelial cells 202 1521, 1522, 1524, 1526, 1528, 1530, pulmonary vascular bed, volume of - vascular injury 203 1531, 1534, 1535, 1536, 1537, 1538, 2071 - vascular smooth muscle cells 202 1559, 1642 pulsatility 390 - vertebrates 197 - early versus late 1497 pulse 23,24 - vitreous humor 198 - urea absorption 1491 - dicrotic 1888 - vitronectin 203 - vasa recta 1507 - pressure 1912 - von Willenbrand factor 204 Psammomys 1506, 1507 - thready 1911 - xylosyltransferase 201 - obesus 1509,1510 - venous 1891 proteoglycan, functions of 201 pseudochaotic coordination 63 -waves 1870,1872,1886,1887 - aggrecan 202 pseudohypoaldosteronism 1591 pulvinar 628, 1060, 1078 - aggregates 201 pseudohypoparathyroidism 1603, 1604, pump 150, 163, 165, 167, 168 - alloassociation 201 1605 - ATP driven 163 - basement membrane proteoglycan pseudopodia 240 - current 164 perle can 202 psonasls 124, 127 - stoichiometry 255 - biglycan 202 PSTr 1330 pupil 758, 764, 829, 837 - CD44 202 psychiatric patients 1645 - reflex 769,2441 - cell adhesion 202 "psychoanatomy" 862 pupillae constrictor 758 - collagen 202 psychological distress 1725 pupillary dilatation 346 - cytoskeleton reorganization 202 psychoneuroimmunology (s. also PNI) purines (P 2Z receptors) 1312, 1410 - decorin 202 1731 purinoceptors 1877 - elasticity 202 psychophysics 649,652,661, 662, 673, Purkinje 143 - electrostatic binding 201 789,804,814,823 - cell 4, 1047, 1049, 1050, 1052, 1053, - fibrillogenesis 202 psychosis 1156 1054, 1055, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1080, - fibronectin 202 - senile 574 1081, 1083 - hyaluronan (HA) 202 psychotherapy 1739, 1741 - fibers 4, 143 - hydrated gels 202 psychotomimetic states 574 - neurons 1179 - negative fixed charges 202 PTH 98, 101, 1225, 1230, 1480, 1484, - phenomenon 769 - osmotic hydration 202 1485, 1486, 1490, 1501, 1519, 1520, Purkinje, J.E. 3, 4 - protein consensus sequences 202 1522, 1523, 1524, 1526, 1527, 1534, Purkinje-Sanson phenomenon 762, 763 - remodeling 202 1540, 1541, 1597, 1598, 1599, 1600, purnucleotides 1410 - self-association 201 1601, 1602, 1603, 1605 pus 1789 - TGFB 202 - cyclic AMP 1597 - inflammation 1789 - tissue development 202 PTHRP 1603, 1604 - pull model 1336 - tissue hydration 202 PTKR -SF (s. also protein tyrosine kinase putamen 1042, 1043, 1046, 1055, 1064, - versican 202 receptor family) 215 1069, 1071, 1072, 1152 - wound repair 202 PTX 1955 PVCN 732, 733, 734 proteoglycan synthesis 201 puberty 398, 2236, 2388, 2389 PVN 381,382,383,385,386,387,391, proteolysis 259, 1374 pulmonary 393,394,395,396 proteolytic digestion 159 - arterial pressure, mean effective 2074 pyloric pressure waves, isolated 1293 proto-oncogenes 215,342,344,439 - artery 1867 pyramidal - atrial natriuretic factor 440 -- diastolic pressure 2437 - cell 1108,1110,1112,1113,1114,1115,

2510 1116,1117,1119,1120,1121,1123, - oncogene 1551 - joint 1003 1124,1127,1129,1132,1133,1134 - Raf 446 - kainate 328 - cells 746, 1038, 1039 - SOS 446 - laryngeal 998 - tract 1013,1025,1036,1038, 1067, ras protein family 215 - mediated uptake 83, 84 1068, 1074, 1082, 1120 - H-ras 215 - melatonin 1207 pyrazinoic acid - K-ras 215 - metabotrophic glutamate 275 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - N-ras 215 - muscarinic 109, 110 pyrogens 2211 RAS 1483 - muscarinic acetylcholine 329 pyruvate 587,931, 1911,2429 RASA 1484 - muscarinic ACh 275 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 Rasheed 110 - N-methyl D-aspartate 328 pyruvate dehydrogenase rat 393, 1506, 1507 - nicotinic acetylcholine 328 - phosphorylation 1597 - collecting tubule 153 - NMDA 277,331 pyruvate kinase rate - non-NMDA 278 - phosphorylation 1597 - code 667,739 - operated channel (s. also ROC) 156 - coding, modulation 989, 990 - other types 1338 Q current 1111 - intensity function 731 - periodontal 998, 1011 Q,OdB 731 - modulation 920 - potential difference 245 QRS ratio - pulmonary 998 - duration 2438 - lymph-to-plasma concentration 1976 - rapidly adapting 298 - segment 2438 - N2 concentration 2040 - resetting 2000 - vector 2438 - respiratory exchanger 2040 - ryanodine 101, 104, 105, 107 QT - respiratory quotient 2040 - spacing 865 - duration 2435, 2438 Raw3 273 - V, 381

- interval 2438 - glutathione 273 -V 2 381 quadriplegia 1606 RBC 1758 - "vesicular" 1974 quality 297,623,652,661,663,668 - aggregation 1773 - volume 1897,1899,1900,1901,1905, quality oflife 2402, 2417 - deformation 1765 1906, 1912, 1927 - disability 2403 - drift, axial of 1758,1761,1769,1773 - warm 677 - disease 2403 - fluidality of 1761 [1 receptor 1265, 1587, 1637, 1640 - interventive measures 2403 - orientation 1765, 1769 [1, receptor 98 - interventive strategies 2403 - rectification of flowing 1761, 1765 [1, receptor 1519, 1535, 1883 - physiological competence 2403 RBC membrane 1764, 1765 ~ receptor 97,98,145,1519,1535,1637, - preventive strategies 2403 - tank treading 1765 1640, 1883, 1928, 2224 quantal release 309 RBF 1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1486, ~,receptor 1587 quasi attractors 65 1518, 1537, 2439 ~l receptor 1931 quinine-HCI 857 reabsorbtion 1228, 1895, 1897, 1974 o receptor potential 245, 295, 712, 717 quisqualate 1053, 1054 - of K' 1496 - excitatory 245 reabsorptive capacity 1519 receptor specificity 412 RA 626,630,637,638 readiness potential 1062, 1064, 1065, - 11~-HSD 412,413,414 Rab 110 1068, 1069 receptor system Rab-3 329 reafference 669, 1085 - primary 297 radial reflex 2441 realimentation 1586, 1604 - secondary 297 radian 2421 - alkalosis 1581 receptor tyrosine kinase 440 radiatio optica (Gratiolet) 794,798 reanimation time 2068 - ER/Golgi apparatus 441 radiation 2423 receptive field 633,634,641,649,650, - extracellular transmembrane 440 radicals 2410 652,655,656,658,659,660,664,665, - intracellular 440 radioactive deoxyglucose method 584 667,669,670,671,731,779,794,795, - juxtamembrane 441 - local cerebral glucose utilization 584 799, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, - site-directed mutagenesis 441 - procedure of 584 811,813,816,819,820,821,823,824, recognition 647,668,669,674,789,790, radioactivity 2422 825, 1035, 1065, 1114, 1115, 1117, 1118, 813,815,816,818,820,823,1131,1143, radioimmunoassay 379, 389 1122, 1128, 1131 1146 radioisotopic scintigraphy 1289 - basal junctions 780 - motifs 444 radixin 239 - center 765 recoil 2017 raf 126, 129, 1450 - classical (crf) 806,807,818,825 recording technique 283 RAF-l 100,101, III - color-opponent ganglion cells 780 - biphasic action potential 283 ramp 23,24 - contrast-sensitive cells 779 - compound action potential 283 random-dot stereograms 876 - direction-selective cells 779 - conduction velocity 284 Ranvier, L.A. 8 - off-center cells 779 - monophasic recording 283 Ranvier, node of 537 - on-center cells 779 - threshold 284 raphe 624 - periphery 765 "recruit" 1972 - nucleus 627,627,988,991, 1002, 1007, - ribbon synapses 780 recruitment 301,652,989,996,1130, 1013,1115,1124,1152,1153 receptor 101,712,1735,1957 1965 rapid eye movement (s. also REM) 2440 - amino acid 328 - order 989 rapidly adapting (RA) 626,630,637, - cold 677 - threshold 990 638,649,650,651,652,653,654,655, - crayfish stretch 299 rectal gland 255, 2222 656,661,663,665,666,671,672 - current 295 rectification 155 ras 95,96, 100, 101, 110, Ill, 126,446, - cutaneous 1003, 1011 rectifying channel 1450 - dihydropyridine 104 - inwardly 249 - C3G 446 - free nerve ending 996 - outwardly 249 - Crk 446 - GABA 328 rectus - grb2 446 - glycine 278, 328 - inferior 831 - mitogen-activated mitogen kinase 446 - IP, 101,105 - lateral 831

2511 rectus (Contd.) - scratch 971,974, 1008, 1019 Rei!, C. 4 - medial 831 - static 706 rein control 44, 62 - superior 831 - statokinetic 705, 706 Rein, H. 6 recycling pathways 1510 - stretch 30,1010,1017,1020,1022, reinforcement 1112 red (rubral) nucleus 656, 988, 1012, 1023, 1025 reinnervation 1013, 1035, 1047, 1048, 1049, 1082 - sympathetic 34 - by motor nerve sprouting 2398 red blood cell 155, 159, 162, 1541 - tonic neck 241, 1014 relational coding, representation 1130 red blood cell production 1685 - transcortical 1024, 1027, 1070 relative mobility 2424 - erythrocytes 1685 - triceps jerk 2441 relaxation 122,130,952, 1617, 1739, - tissue hypoxia 1686 - vago vagal 1340 1744 - tissue oxygenation 1686 - vago-humoral 1339 - sphincter, external urethral 1617 reductionism 12, 13 - vago-vagal 1339 relaxin 1644, 2350 - kinematic 49 - vestibular 1008 - genes 2350 - material 49 - vestibulo-collic 10 14 release 394 Sa-reductase 413,2244 - vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) 40, 697 - pulsatile 390, 397 - 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 413 - vestibulospinal 697 - rhythmic 394 - 5~-reductase 513 - wiping 981 REM 574, 585, 2440 - l1~-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 414 - withdrawal 973 REM sleep 1184 finasteride 414 - spinal 1616 - brainstem mechanisms 1190 redundancy 977 - supraspinal 1616 - cholinergic cells 1190 reentrant 1113 reflex control 2088 - dreaming 1185 reference - afferent inputs from arterial - EEG desynchrony 1190 - model 39 chemoreceptors 2091 - PGO spikes 1184, 1190 - signal value 22, 28, 29 - baroreceptor afferents 2091 - phasic twitching 1184 - value 22 - bronchopulmonary C-fibers 2091 - serotonergic cells 1190 reflection coefficient 1545, 1972, 2076, - Hering-Breuer reflex 2090 remapping 882 2300 - inspiratory ~- neurons 2088 remote surround stimulation 881 reflex 7, 30, 35, 634, 971, 973, 974, 975, - "pump" (P) neurons 2088 remyelination 541 978,979,984, 1011, 1014, 1016, 1022, - rapidly adapting pulmonary renal 1025,1027,1028,1029,1060,1072, afferents 2091 - amino acid transport 1530 1082, 1085, 1617 - slowly adapting pulmonary - arterioles 1481 - abdominal reflex 2441 afferents 2088 - artery 1471 - abdominal wall reflex 2441 reflex pathway 2258 - autoregulation 131 - ankle jerk 2441 - psychogenically 2258 - blood flow 1925, 1926, 1927 - arc 1616, 1731 - spinal reflex mechanism 2258 - concentrating mechanisms 1482 - autonomic nervous system 34, 40 - supraspinal (psychogenic) 2258 - cortex 1478,1901,1925 - axon 1968 reflex response, patterns of 2137 - damage 1541 - Babinski reflex 2441 - arterial baroreceptor reflex 2137 - denervation 1633 - baroreceptor 34, 35 - chemoreceptor reflex 2138 - distal tubule 166 - Bell's phenomena 2441 - pulmonary afferent inputs 2138 - excretion 1897, 1902 - biceps jerk 2441 reflex sympathetic dystrophy 342 - failure 1470, 1591, 1603, 1606, 1897 - cardiovascular 1876 refractive index 761 - -acute 1478, 1643 - cervico-coIlic 987, 998, 1001, 1002, refractory period, relatively 302 -- chronic 1470, 1485, 1643 1014 regional blood flow 1062, 1063, 1072, - function 2397 - corneal reflex 2441 1076, 1082, 1138, 1143, 2439 - medulla 1509, 1510, 1524, 1532, 1925, - cremasteric reflex 2441 regional cerebral blood flow (reBF) 792, 1926 - crossed extensor 996, 973, 1002, 1027 1035, 1036 -- outer medulla 1499 - directional 705 regions - nerves 1633 - epigastric reflex 2441 - preoptic 397 - papilla 1532 - fictive scratch 1009 - septal 397 - perfusion 1478, 1900 - flexion 973, 1002, 1009, 1027, 1082 regulation 21, 22, 1448 - plasma flow (s. also RBF) 1643, 2439 - gluteal reflex 2441 - active 2075 - pressure 1480 - grasp reflex 1339, 2440, 2441 - amino acid uptake 1448 - proximal tubule 251,252 - intramural 1266 - fatty acid uptake 1448 - proximal tubule cells 256 - knee jerk 2441 - gluconeogenesis 1448, 1453 - rickets 1604 - labyrinthine muscle 705 - glucose uptake 1448, 1453 - tubular acidosis 1565, 1581, 1643 - long-latency 997, 1022, 1025, 1027, - glycogen degradation 1448 - tubules 168, 257, 1217, 1219, 1228 1028, 1070, 1074, 1076, 1082 - glycogen synthesis 1448, 1453 - vasoconstriction 1910 - long-loop 997, 1024, 1025, 1027, 1070, - glycolysis 1448, 1453 renal blood flow (s. also RRF) 1478, 1074, 1076, 1082 - hormonal 1884 1486, 1489, 1510, 1518, 1535, 1536, - M1 1025, 1026, 1027 - lipacidogenesis 1448 1637,1901,2397,2409,2439 - M2 1025,1026, 1027 - lipogenesis 1448 renal development 2379 - M3 1025, 1026, 1027 - lipolysis 1448, 1453 - renin -angiotensin system 2379 - masseter 2441 - oxygen uptake 1453 renal insufficiency 1576, 1588, 1604, - nocifensive 1027 - passive 2075 1605, 1606 - parasympathetic 34 - protein degradation 1448,1453 - acidosis 1581 - pathways 1617 - protein synthesis 1448, 1453 renin 1320, 1324, 1473, 1481, 1482, 1483, - pharynx reflex 2441 - volume 1906 1484, 1513, 1550, 1552, 1560, 1561, - plantar reflex 2441 regulatory mechanisms 155 1636, 1637, 1640, 1644, 1645, 1884, - positional 705 regulatory volume 1885, 1900, 1901, 1904, 1905, 1924, - pupil reflex 2441 - decrease 259 1926, 2245 - radial reflex 2441 - increase 258, 259 - angiotensin aldosterone system 1644

2512 - angiotensin system 1478, 1483, 1628, respiratory drives 2106 - ventilation-perfusion relationship 1634, 1639, 1884, 1885, 1904, 1905, - basic drive 2106 2179 1910,1911,1912,1926,2002,2012 - centro genic drive 2106 - ventilatory control 2180 - hyperhydration 1566 - chemo-feedback 2106 - work tolerance 2181

- producing cell 1481 - CO 2 response 2107 respiratory muscles 2018 - release 1626,1627,1637,1640 - mechano-feedback 2106 - abdominal muscles 2018 - secretion 122,124, 133, 1481, 1501, - non-feedback afferents 2106 - accessory muscles 2018 1535 - Ondine's curse syndrome 2107 - diaphragm 2018 Renkin-Crone equation 557 - reticular formation 2106 - external intercostals renovascular obstruction 1538 - sleep state 2107 - internal intercostal muscles 2018 Renqvist-Reenpaa, Y. 6 - vigilance 2106 respiratory pump muscles 2100 Renshaw cell 991,999, 1000, 1001, 1009, respiratory gas transport 2051 - diaphragm 2101 1011, 1016, 1023, 1112 - 0, dissociation curve 2051 - gamma spindle loop 2101 repair mechanisms 2410 - 0, equilibrium curve 2051 - intercostal nerves 2101 "repeat" 194 respiratory mechanics 2185 - phrenic nerves 2100 reperfusion 2416 - adaptations 2187 - REM sleep 2101 repetitive firing 302 - airway closure 2186 respiratory quotient 587, 1428, 2033, reproduction 854, 970, 1206, 2231 - alveolar collapse 2186 2436,2444,2445 reproductive organs 2253 - alveolar-to-arterial p 02 difference respiratory rhythm 2079 - corpora cavernosa 2253 2186 - NTS 2130 - erectile tissue 2253 - anatomical dead space 2186 - nucleus ambiguus - functional anatomy 2253 - centroid of the chest 2185 retroambigualis 2130 - helicine arteries 2253 - desensitization 2187 - respiratory network 2130 - innervation 2253 - diffusing capacity 2186 - three neural phases 2079 - secretion 2257 - diffusion 2186 - ventilatory mechanics 2079 reproductive reflexes 2259 - dynamic compression 2185 respiratory rhythm, disturbances 2091 - ejaculation 2259 - dyspnea, exertional 2187 - apnea 2091 - emission 2259 - helium 2187 respiratory tract 1218, 1641,2222, - neural mechanisms 2259 - hypoventilation 2186 2225 reptiles 1506 - laminar 2185 respiratory-related P,CO2 oscillations reptilian-type nephrons 1506 - peripheral chemoreceptor activity 2165 rER 81,85,91, 1311 2186 response reserpine 1883 - pressure loading 2185 - coefficient 45 residual volume 2023, 2435, 2436 - pulmonary gas exchange 2186 - differential 712 resistance 1219, 1220, 1222, 1223, 1868, - respired gas density 2185 - inflammatory 1968 1876, 1880, 1890, 1904, 2075 - Reynold's number 2185 - myogenic 1999 - hydrodynamic 1755 - Rohrer 2185 - primary 1732 - postcapillary 1972 - ventilation, maximum voluntary 2185 - proportional 712 - precapillary 1972 - ventilation-perfusion relationship - relaxation 1734 - transepithelial 1223, 1225 2186 - secondary 1732 - vascular 1867,1873, 1888, 1897, 1898, - ventilatory control 2186 response elements 444 1905, 1908, 1912, 1917, 1931, 1934 - ventilatory responsiveness to inhaled - DNA-binding domain 444 resonance 516 CO 2 2186 - transcription 444 respiration (s. also respiratory) 32, 34, - work tolerance 2187 response modifiers 40,656,929,971,1007,1012,1018, respiratory mechanisms 2177 - biological 1731 1019, 1020, 1061, 1072, 118~ 153~ - adaptations 2181 response to 02 deficiency 2320 1891, 1897, 1909 - airway collapse 2179 - a-adrenoceptors 2321 - activation 1186 - alveolar shunting 2179 - ~-adrenoceptors 2321 - alkalosis 1535 - alveolar size 2178 - ~-adrenoceptor antagonists 2321 - chemical responsivity 1186 - arterial hypoxemia 2180 - angiotensin II 2322 - hypercapnia 1186 - atelectasis 2179 - atrial natriuretic factor 2322 - hyperoxia 1186 - carotid body chemoreceptor 2181 - baroreceptors 2320 - musculature 1185 - catecholamine 2181 - catecholamines 2321, 2322 respiratory (s. also respiration) 32,34, - central (medullary) - chemical sympathectomy 2321 40,2087 chemoreceptors 2181 - chemoreceptors 2320 - acidosis 1534, 1578, 1579, 2437, 2098 - compliance-curve 2178 - 6-hydroxydopamine 2321 - alkalosis 1534, 1578,2437 - diffusing capacity 2180 - neuropeptide (s. also NPY) 2322 - arrest 2417 - end-expiratory lung volume 2178 - pathetic pathways 2320 - bronchioles 2077 - hydrostatic indifference points 2177 - vasopressin 2322 - chain 82,83, 166, 1440,2410 - intrapleural pressure 2177 responses, present, to past stimuli 75 - control 260, 1440, 2328 - metabolism 2180 - correctness of response 75 - depression 1606 - 02 dissociation curve 2179 - neural networks 75 - distress syndrome 1911 - physiological dead space fraction of the restlessness - epithelium 1218 breath 2180 - hypernatremia 1567 - exchange ratio 153 - pulmonary edema 2180 resuscitation 2415,2416 - function 2397, 2435, 2436 - pulmonary gas exchange 2179 rete mirabile 2203 - gases 571 - small-airway caliber 2179 rete testis 2247 respiratory adaptation 2373 - Starling forces 2180 reticular formation 627, 647, 656, 670, - chest compression 2373 - surfactant 2178 844,988, 1007, 1011, 1060, 1061, 1151, - vascular resistance 2373 - thoracic configuration 2178 2001 respiratory distress - transpulmonary pressure 2178 - pontine 2001 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - ventilation 2178 reticular nuclei 1012, 1013

2513 reticulo-endothelial system 1740, 1741, - degeneration 540 ROMKI 274 1742,2212 - "messenger" 332 Rosenthal, I. 5 reticulocyte 1762 reverberatory ll13, ll20, ll21 rouleaux 1869 reticulospinal 624,988, 991, 1002, 1003, - patterns 744 - formation 1774 101~ 1013, 1014, 1024, 103~ 1083 reverse transcriptase Rous sarcoma virus 190 reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum 255, - phosphorylation 1597 RPF 1476, 1477, 1479, 1485 1943, 1944 reward 371 RQ 2444,2445 - Ca2+ channel blockers 1944 reward or appetitive condition ll68 rRNA 82,82 - Ca 2+ stores 1944 Reynold's number 1868,1869 Rubner, M. 6 - Ca2+, influx of extracellular 1944 RGD 189 rubrospinal 988, 1002, 1003, 1013, 1024, - Ca2+, intracellular handling of 1943 RGDS sequences 1035 - caveolae 1944 - aggrecan 182 Ruffini 648, 649, 673 - caveolae intracellulares 1943 - EGF repeats 182 Ruffini receptor 996 - dense bands 1944 - entactin 182 run down (s. Ablauf) 49, 153 - relaxation 1944 - fibronectin 182 ryanodine 104, 108 - resistance vessels 1944 -- type III repeats 182 ryanodine receptor (RyR) 104, 273, 904, - smooth endoplasmic reticulum 1944 - osteonectin 182 948,965 - surface vesicles 1943 - tenascin 182 RYR (s. also ryanodine receptor) 965 - transverse tubular system 1944 - versican 182 - voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels rhabdomere 232 s-laminin 312 1944 rhabdomyolysis 1538 S-nitro so-cysteine 1982 reticulum, endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase rhabdosphincter 1612 SI-TNC feedback 952 1952 rheobase 989 S28080 1505 - Ca2+ pump 1952 rheogenic S4 271 - cAMP-dependent protein kinase 1952 - pump 252 - kinase C 271 reticulum, sarcoplasmic 255, 1945 rheogenicity 1528 SA 626, 630, 638 - agonist-induced contraction 1945 rheological systems 1749 saccade 829,832,843 - angiotensin II 1945 - behavioral traits 1749 "safety factors" 1977 - Ca2+ induced Ca 2+ release (CICR) rheology 1780 Sakmann, B. 7 channel 1945 - infarction 1780, 1785 salicylates - Ca 2+ ATPase 1945 - leukocyte 1785 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 - Ca2+ extrusion 1945 rhesus 1657 saliva 1550 - Ca2+ store 1945 rheumatoid arthritis 124, 127, 1742 - composition of 2431 - Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase 1945 rheumatoid factors 1740 salivary duct 1319, 1324, 1641 - calsequestrin 1945 rhinencephalon ll07 - function of 1319 - cellular Ca2+ release from the Rho/Rae llO salivary excretion patterns for the sarcoplasmic reticulum 1945 rhodopsin 107, 109, llO, 769 common elelctrolytes 1322 - conduit arteries 1945 rhythm 387,971, 975 salivary fluid secretion - histamine 1945 - circadian 33, 387 - electrolyte composition rate 1317 - inositol-l,4,5-triphosphate 1945 - circadian cycle 390 - osmolality 1317 - junctional foot protein 1945 - circadian diurnal 21, 29 salivary glands 132, 349, 1226, 1405, - Na+/Ca2+ exchange 1945 - diurnal 29, 33, 387 1589 - noradrenaline 1945 - ultradian 390, 398 salivary secretion - phosphatidylinositol (PI) response rhythm 987, 1004, 1008, 1009, 1010, - two-stage model 1317,1321 1945 1013,1014,1019,1029, llll, ll22 salt - phospholamban 1945 rhythmic 633, 644, 971, 975, 987, 1004, - appetite 1627, 1637, 1643 - phospholipase C 1945 1008, 1009, 1010, 1013, 1014, 1019, - depletion 1324 - prostaglandins 1945 1029, llll, ll22 -intake 1540,1643,1904,1910,1926 - relaxation of the vascular smooth ribonuclease 1320 -loading 596,1482 muscle 1945 ribosome 80,82,85,91 - losers 1642 - tonic contractions 1945 Richet, C. 7, 8 - loss 1643 - transmembrane Ca2+ influx 1945 Riedel goiter 469 - metabolism 1644, 1645 - vasopressin 1945 right atrial mean pressure 2437 - replacement 2225 retina 106,644, 757, 758, 759, 765, 770, right ventricular end-diastolic pressure - sensitivity 1643 793,797,800,801,804,808,810,813, 2437 - taste 1639 814,815,825,839,867, ll38, ll55 right ventricular peak systolic pressure salt-losing kidney - cells horizontal 867 2437 - dehydration 1564 - cells, amacrine 867 rigidity 1069, 1071 saltatory conduction 285, 286 - cells, bipolar 867 rigor mortis 918, 919, 941 - afterpotential 286 - fovea 773 - free energy of ATP hydrolysis 941 - capacitance 286 retinal - X-ray diffraction pattern 941 - giant nerve fiber of the squid 286 - cells 143 RNA 81,82 - internal resistivity 286 - slip 829 - antisense 16 - myelin 285 - stimulation 574 - damage 2410 - node of Ranvier 285 retinex theory 821 Ro15-4513 279 - overshoot potential 286 retinohypothalamic tract 1202 - zinc 279 - resistance 286 retinotopic 669 road accident 2412 - resting potential 286 - maps 843 ROC (s. also receptor-operated saluresis 15ll,1513 - organization 863 channel) 103, 104, 156 saluretics 15ll, 1512 retinotopy 797,805,814,819 rod 757, 769, 770, 793, 795 Santorio, S. 2 retrograde Rolandic fissure ll56 sarcomeres 939 - amnesia ll62, ll64, ll72 Rollett, A. 6 - A band 939

2514 - I band 939 156,254,261,329,4434,642,671, 1003, self-coordination 49 - M line 939 1110,2354 self-focussing 49, 53 saralasin 1484 - cAMP 2354 self-organization 43, 53, 1748 sarcoidosis 1603 - cGMP 2354 self-synchronization 49, 58 sarcolemma 1858 - cyclic nucleotides 2354 semantic 1142, 1143, 1157 sarcomere 912,913,932 second messenger-operated channel 156 - memory 1166 sarcometers second-order lag, underdamped 25 semicircular canal 704, 980, 1014 - length 2005 secondary active system 161 seminal fluid 121, 122 sarcoplasm 913 - tertiary active 161 seminal vesicles 2248 sarcoplasmic reticulum (s. also reticulum, secondary active 1492 seminiferous tubules 2236 sarcoplasmic, SR) 86, 104,261,906, - transport 259 seminogelin 2248 913,914,915,927,930,931,932, 1859, secondary auditory cortex 745 senescene 1722 2002 secondary lysosome 166 SENIEUR protocol 1724 - Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release 1860 secretin 8, 98, 1246, 1266, 1282, 1324, sensation 712 - cleft 1860 1338, 1339, 1577 sensitive period 870 - inositol-(l,4,5)-triphosphate (s. also - acid-base balance 1577 sensitization 974,1167,1173 IP ,) 1860 - cyclic AMP 1597 sensor 712 - "junctional" SR 1859 - of mucus and digestive juices 1259 - circulatory 1898 - L system 947 secretion 103,1918 sensorimotor 843 - "longitudinal" SR 1859 - canaliculi 1311 sensory 1033 - phospholamban 1860 - evoked 1317 - integration 839 - ryanodine 1860 - exocrine 7 - trigeminal nuclei 738 sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum - gastric 9 sensory systems ATPase (s. also SERCA) 948 - granules 1320 - tertiary 297 sarcosine 1531 - KCl 166 separation of sensory and motor activity satellite cell 912 - model, two-stage 1317 285 satiety 1260, 1635, 1643 - primary 1318, 2220 septohippocampal-lesions 368 - center 1430 - spontaneous 1317 sepsis 127, 1603 - factor 1430, 1447 secretory - lL-8 128 - signal 146 - coil 2220, 2222, 2224, 2227 septic shock 1960 saturation 22, 566 - diarrhoea 1263 - endotoxic hypotension 1960 - of transport 257 - endpieces 1310, 1317 - hyperemia, reactive 1960 sauna 2227 - granules 1356, 2220 -KATP channels 1960 scaffolding 182 - machinery 1354 - second messenger ceramide 1960 scala media 718 -- phosphorylation 1354 - TNF -a 1960 scalp 2327 - process 5, 1317 septicemia scars 2078 - vesicles 85 - respiratory alkalosis 1580 scavengers 107 sedatives septum 1124, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, Sch(ering) 28080 166 - respiratory acidosis 1579 2209,2214 Schaffer collateral 1123, 1124, 1125, sedimentation rate 2429 sequence motif 189 1127, 1129, 1132, 1133 seed 1739 - type I collagen 189 Schelling, F.W.J. 4 seed-and-soil hypothesis 1743 sequences 182 Schellong, F. 6 Seemann, J. 6 sER 81,85,91 Schelly, A.V. 7 segmenting contractions 1418 SERCA 948 schematic diagram 1321 segregation 192 serglycin 200,201 Schenk, F. 6 - cell-cell communication 192 - cation-binding affinities 200 schizophrenia 374, 574, 1071, 1154, 1155 - homophylic binding 192 - chondroitin 4-sulfate (CS) 200 schizophrenic 1645 seizures 587 - complement control protein (CCP) Schlemm, canal of 758, 759, 1552 - hypernatremia 1567 repeats 201 schools 4, 7, 9 SEJP 1956 - cornea 201 Schreiver, H. 6 selectin family 201, 214 - dermatan sulfate (DS) 200 Schretzenmayr effect 1874, 1876, 1877, - activated endothelial cells 214 - EGF 201 1879 - B lymphocytes 214 - fucose 200 Schultze, C.A.S. 3 - CCP repeats 214 - ~-D-galactose 200 Schwann cells 537,541 - E selectin 214 - ~-D-glucuronic acid 200 Schwann, T. 5 - EGF 214 - identity period 200 scientific societies - endothelial cells 214 - intrachain hydrogen bonds 200 - Academia dei Lincei 2 - a-granules of platelets 214 - keratan sulfate 200 - Academia del Cimento 2 - granulocytes 214 - lectin (LEC) 201 - Academia naturae curio sum 2 - L selectin 214 - mannose 200 - Leopoldina 2 - LEC 214 - mast cells 200 - Royal Society 2 - lectins 214 - N-acetyl-~-D-galactosamine 200 - Societas des Sciences 2 - neurotrophils 214 - N-acetyl-~-D-glucosamine 200 sclera 758, 759 - P selectin 214 - protamine 200 SCN (s. also suprachiasmatic nucleus) - T lymphocytes 214 - proteochondroitin sulfates 201 479 - Weibel-Palade bodies 214 - proteoglycan core proteins 201 scopolamine 1153 selection - sialic acid 200 scotoma 766,767, 790, 882 - clonal 1732 - 2-0-sulfation 200 scotopic 757, 764, 769, 770, 793, 804, 814 selectivity 150, 151, 156 - 4-0-sulfation 200 scrotum 1937, 2247 selenocysteine 458 - 6-0-sulfation 200 scuba 2184 selenoenzyme 458 serine 89,143,1394,1531,2428 second messenger 89,95, 96, 99, 150, self-assembly 198 - dehydratase 1373

2515 serine proteases 1329 globulin) 477 simple diffusion 150 serology 1704 shear rate 1867, 1868, 1869, 1877, 1879 simple spike 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054 serotonergic 988,991, 1003, 1013, 1042, shear stress 1876, 1877, 1878, 1867, simulation 16 1051,1061,1111,1112,1123,1141, 1868,1869, 1895, 1958, 1960 simultanagnosia 790 1150, 1151, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1157, 1634 - blood pressure 1960 singing 11 02 serotonin (5-HT) 98,99, 100, 101, 116, - depolarization 1960 - belting 11 02 131,133,134,135,325,585, 1013, 1042, - dilatation, flow-dependent 1960 - chinese operatic singing 1103 1051,1061,1111,1112,1123,1141, - hyperpolarization 1960 - choral singing 11 03 1150, 1151, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1157, - intermediate set point 1960 - overtone singing 11 03 1204, 1285, 14lO, 1713, 1876, 1878, - K+ channel, inward-rectifier 1960 single-breath methode 2047 1881,1901,2076,2077 - NO synthase 1960 - contact time 2047 Sertoli cells 1936, 2238 - pressure 1960 - pulmonary capillary volume 2047 Serveto, M. 3 Sheehan's syndrome 1641 - transit time 2047 servo-assistance hypothesis 1017, 1018 sheep model 2307 single-cell recording 861 servomechanism 22 p-sheet 157 single channel conductance 157,247 serylproteases 178 Sherrington, C.S. 7,8 single channel current 153,251,291,292 set 971,995,1012,1014,1028,1062, shift effects 881 - acetylcholine receptor channels 292 1067, 1069 shock 1930 - "gigohm seal" 292 set-point 22,29,34,2209,2211,2213 - anaphylactic 1882, 1910 - K+ channel 292 Setschenow, LM. 6 - cardiogenic 1910,1920 - Na+ channels 292 sex differences in human brain and - circulatory 1911 - neuromuscular synapse 292 behavior 487,489 - clinical 1910 - tetrodotoxin 291 - adrenogenital syndrome (s. also - hemorrhagic 1886, 1897, 1930 single channel recording 153, 248, 249, AGS) 489 - hypovolemic 1910, 1911 315 - anterior commissure 489 - septic 1882,1910 single effect 1506, 1507, 1509 - corpus callosum 489 - toxic 1910 single nephron filtration rate (s. also - mid gestation testosterone 489 short- circuit SNGFR) 1640, 1473 - "rough and tumble" 489 - conditions 1219 single-neuron doctrine 861 - sexually dimorphic nuclei of the human - current 1219 singularity 47 hypothalamus 488 - measurement 1219 sinus - sexually dimorphic nucleus of the short fatty acids 1494 - confluence of the 562 preoptic areas 487 short-circuiting 1510 - dural 563 - spatial learning 489 short-term memory 1161,1167 - superior sagittal 562 - spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus short-term potentiation 2161 sinuatrial node 33 muscle 487 - "reverberation" 2161 SITS 254, 258 - vocal control areas of the songbird shunt 2043,2044 size aftereffect 874 brain 487 - anatomical 2073 size perception 793, 804, 816, 823 sex hormone 1140, 1604 - fraction 2074 size principle 990,991 sex-hormone binding globulin (s. also - left to right intrathoracic 2074 skeletal muscle (s. also muscle) 22, 157, SHBG) 477,2237 - pathway 1226 159, 160,251, 1876, 1880, 1884, 1886, sex steroid hormones 2236 SI units 2421, 2423, 2425 1891,1893, 1895, 1896, 1901, 1906, sexual behavior 371, 397 - conversion 2422 1907,1908,1909,1909,1912,1917, sexual differentiation 485 SIADH 1642, 1645 1918, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1932 - defeminization 486 sialation 85, 166 - excitability 962 - DES 487 sickle cell anemia 1565 skeleton 1937, 1938 - fishes 486 sickle cell disease 1591 skin 398,839, 1217, 1226, 1484, 1485, -- such as the wrasse 486 sideband inhibition 734 1884,1895,1908,1909, 1911, 1917, - insects 485 - inhibition bands 734 1918, 1928, 1931, 1932 - marsupials 486 - strychnine 734 - blood flow 2200,2327,2439 - masculinizes 486 Siegfried, M. 6 - circulation 2203 - testosterone 486 Siggaard-Andersen nomogram 1578, - color 398 - Y chromosome 485 1579 - disease 1743 sexual sign language 1143 - receptor 992 - dimorphism 398, 1722 signal 21,26, 30 - temperature 2200 - maturation 2408 - error 28, 38 skin and scalp 2327 - maturity 2408 - molecules 1401 - chemoreceptor mechanisms 2327 sexual response cycle 2253, 2254, 2261 - recognition particle 1314 - cutaneous bloodfiow 2327 - autonomic reactions 2261 - reference 28 - fetal circulation, redistribution of 2327 - extragenital reactions during 2261 - value 29 - scalp 2327 - respiratory rate 2261 signal sequence 316, 1229, 1314 - skin 2327 - sexflush of the skin 2262 - trans-Golgi -network 316 Skramlik, E. von 6 SFO 1628, 1634 - glycosylation sites 316 sleep 798, lO61, 1150 SGLT-1 1262 signal transducers and activators of - in cats 574 Shab 273 transcription (s. also STAT) protein - in high-voltage slow-wave 574 Shaker 272 443 - normal deep 574 Shal 273 signal transduction 431,474,1715 - rapid eye movement (REM) 574, 1153 shape from shadding 877 - adenylyl cyclase 474 - slow-wave 395, 585, 1153 shape perception 793,804,814, 815, 823, - G protein 474 sleep apnea 825 - nitric oxide 474 - respiratory acidosis 1579 Sharpey, W. 8 - phospholipase C 474 sleep in animals 1188 Shaw 273 signal transformation 296 - birds 1188 SHBG (sex-hormone binding simple cell 805,806, 808, 810, 1118 - fish 1188

2516 - mammal 1188 139,246,247,248,895,1480,1481,1942 - "closed field" 512 - reptiles 1188 - EDRF 130, 131 - coherence 512 sleep pathologies 1192 - NO 130 - dipole layers 512 - apneas 1192 - vascular 131 - membrane conductance 511 - bruxism 1192 smooth muscle, vascular 34, 1941, 1982 - "open field" 512 - congenital central hypoventilation - visceral mesenchyma (s. also - postsynaptic currents 511 syndrome 1193 splanchnopleura) 1941 source density 513 - congestive heart failure 1192 smooth pursuit movement 829 - current 512 - insomnia 1194 SN 625 - depth profile 513 - narcolepsy 1193 snake venoms 1538 - sink 513 - nocturnal myoclonus 1192 SNAP 85 spaces, lateral 80 - REM behavior disorder 1194 SNAP25 310 spastic 630,999, 1001, 1003 - Rett syndrome 1193 SNARE 310 spasticity 30,999, 1001, 1003 - sleep walking 1193 Snellen 765 - hypernatremia 1567 - sudden infant death syndrome 1193 Snellius, W. 2 spatial sleep phase syndrome SNGFR 1473, 1476, 1477, 1478, 1480, - "buffering" 536 - advanced 1210 1481,1482,1485,1486,1517,1518 - localization 735 - delayed 1210 snorkeling 2184 - memory 1177 sleep respiration 1189 SO/ specialization 11, 12 - apnea 1189 - ECF 1548 specific gravity 2434 - human studies 1189 - ICF 1548 specific resistivity 989 - rat studies 1189 - plasma 1548 SPECT 584, 585 sleep state 518, 1183 SOC 735,738,739,744,747,751 - [14C]deoxyglucose method 584 - brain -activity 1183 - EI-EE band repair 747 - [ISFlftuorodeoxyglucose technique - brain-stem control 519 social support 1726 585 - criteria 1183 societies, physiological 4 - regional cerebral glucose utilization in - reticular nucleus 519 societies, scientific (s. also scientific humans 584 - sleep spindles 518 societies) 1 spectral 769 sleep/wake cycle 1210 Socrates 2417 spectrin 87,91,231,233 sleep/wake syndrome, non-24-h 1210 sodium 1322,1601,2302 speech 734,748,1072,1140,1142,1143, slice 1119, 1120, 1125 soil 1739 1147, 1154, 1157 sliding filament (model, theory) 916, solitary tract 1628 - onset pattern 734 918,922,932 solubility 2046 sperm 87, 2239 - actin 1944 solvent drag 1315,1316, 1531,2300 - motility 133 - crossbridge mechanisms 1944 somatosensory 623, 625, 626, 628, 629, spermatids 2239 - crossbridge-cycling frequency 1944 635,639,642,655,657,669,670,671, spermatocrit 2434 - length tension curve 1944 744,813,840,975,981,988,1007,1008, spermatocytes 2239 - myosin 1944 1013, 1048, 1060, 1061, 1066, 1076, spermatogenesis 1937,2240,2266 - myosin light chain kinase 1944 1128,1141,1146,1152 spermatogonia 2238 - shortening speed 1944 - cortex 738 spermatozoa 2239 - side polar filament structure 1944 - input 738 spermatozoon 2265, 2266 - tension development 1944 - neuron 740 - maturation 2266 slit membrane 1474 somatostatin 14, 116,327,387,395,396, spermiogenesis 2239 slow waves 1184 1046,1051,1111,1246,1265,1284, sperms 2431, 2434 slow-wave sleep 1132 1320,1340, 1355, 1406, 1601,2397 - composition of 2431 slowly adapting (SA) 626, 630, 638, 649, - containing 395 Sperry, R.W. 7 652,653,654,655,658,661,662,663, - D cells 1246 spherical bushy cells 732, 734 665, 671, 672 - G protein 1356 spherocytosis 1656 Slowpoker 273 somatotopic 635,638,639,640,642,645, - hereditary 1656 small intestine 1224 657,673,674,988, 1025, 1033, 1036, - membrane defect 1656 - transit through and relationship to 1042, 1050, 1071,1085, 1126 sphincter 1611 motor activity 1300 somatotopy 635,638, 639, 640, 642, 645, - capillary 1872 small muscular arteries and arterioles 657,673,674,988, 1025, 1033, 1036, - esophageal 1233 2071 1042, 1050, 1071, 1085, 1126 - external urethral 1611, 1618 "small pore" system 1970 somatotropes 394, 395 - internal vesical 1611 smart 1105,1106, 1107 somatotropin 98, 1931 - lower esophageal 1234 smartness 1105,1106,1107 somesthesia 626,668,673, 674 - precapillary 1928 smell 1459 somesthetic 626,668,673,674, 1066 - pupillae 758 SMOCs 103 SONs 381, 382, 383, 385, 386, 387 sphingolipids 1272 smoking 1903 sorbitol 1510 sphingomyelin 88, 89, 90 smooth muscle 103, 123, 124, 139, 145, sorting 1229 sphingomyelinase 1274 1872, 1873, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878, sound 711,712 sphingosine 90 1879,1881,1882,1883,1884, 1886, - direction 748 spike-triggered averaging 1118, 1119 1894,1897,1904,1913,1926,1932,1933 - intensity 711, 712 spin glas 61 - contraction 103 - localization 714, 744, 842 spinal 647, 1037 - coronary 901 - location 841 - cord 541,624,625,630,634,635,636, - intestinal 135 - overexposure 752 642,655,659,670,737,738,844,911, - multiunit 902 sound pressure 711 913,930,981,982,1033,1035,1047, - single-unit 902 - effective 712 1048,1061, 1068, 1069, 1082, 1083, - uterine 121 - relative 712 1084,1115,1121,1151,1612,1621, - vascular 133 sound pressure level (s. also SPL) 711 1622,1882,2209,2255 smooth muscle cells 122, 128, 130, 135, source, current 511 -- erection 2255

2517 spinal (Contd.) steady state 23,24,30,31,33,1757,2116 - atherosclerosis 490 -- interruption of the 1621 - body temperature 2116 - diabetes 490 -- lesions 2259 - boosted 45,55,1757,1759 - fibers 190, 240 -- spinal reflex arc 2255 - conditions 1322 - gastrointestinal disorder 490 -- transection at 1622 - nervous factors 2116 - oxidative 538 - ganglia 133 - recovery phase 2117 - shear 1984 - injury 930 steal 1917 - NO 1984 - muscular atrophy 1083 steatorrhoea 1336, 1604, 1605 - thermal 1910, 2225, 2226 - plexus 635 stellate cell 732, 739, 1051, III 0, 1113 stressful life events 482 - "shock" 1621 - smooth, sparsely spiny 1108, 1112, - counter-regulation by spindle activity 1184 1113 glucocorticoids 482 spine apparatus 323 - spiny 1108,1112,1114,1116,1117, - CRH 482 spines, dendritic 323 1121 - learned helplessness 482 spino cervical 628, 634, 655 stellate ganglion 571 - neuronal damage and ceUloss 483 spinocervicothalamic 625, 626 stem cell - noradrenaline 482 spinomedullothalamic 625, 627 - factor receptor 194 - serotonin 482 spinothalamic 625, 627, 628, 988 - hematopoietic 125 - regulate cAMP production 482 - tract 680 - multipotent 438 stretch receptors 1632, 1633, 1640 spiperone 98 - pluripotent hematopoietic 1679 stretch-operated channel 1631 spirometers 2040 stenosis 1923, 1924 stria medullaris 1153 spironolactone 1589, 1591 step 23 striatal 1042, 1043, 1045, 1046, 1047, SPL (s. also sound pressure level) 711 steradian 2421 1055, 1061, 1064, 1071, 1079, 1083, splanchnic bed 1918 "stereo-specifity" 1971 1086,1141,1152,1154 splanchnopleura (s. also visceral stereoblindness 876 striate cortex 597 mesenchyma) 1941 stereocilia 237,698, 716 striated duct epithelium 1312 spleen 1545,1720,1894 stereognosis 667 striatum 1042, 1043, 1045, 1046, 1047, - hypoxemia 2327 stereomotion 876 1055, 1061, 1064, 1071, 1079, 1083, - sympathetics 2327 stereopsis 767,810,811,813,814,818 108~ 1141, 1152, 1154 spleen colony-forming units 1681 stereoptic 810,811,813,814,818 striosomes 1046 split brain 822, 824, 1137, 1138, 1143, "stereospecific transport" 1969 stripe 814,815,819,822 1144, 1145, 1147 steric blockage hypothesis 952 stroke 790,930, 1131, 1897,2416 spontaneous remissions 1740 steroid 2213 stroke volume 1870, 1886, 1887, 1891, spreading depression 1112 - gonadal 396, 397, 398 1905,1910, 1912,2149,2397,2437 sprouting 332,671,983,1078,1082, steroid hormone 551, 1537 - Frank-Starling effect 2150 1128 steroid hormone receptors 2238 - "inotropic" effector drive 2150 - axonal 882 steroid signal transmission - muscle pump 2150 - "effects" 2398 (transduction) 419 - splanchnic circulation 2150 squalus acanthias (dogfisch) 255, 1227, - "regulatory elements" 419 stromelysins 178 2222 stiffness 715,996, 1021, 1022, 1023, - collagenases 178 squints 832 1027, 1028 - procollagenase 178 SR 2002 Stiles-Crawfors effect 764 - serylprotease 178 - Ca'+ overload 2004 stimulation - urokinase-type plasminogen activator - Ca'+ pump 2002 - osmotic 386 (s. also uPA) 178 src family 190 stimulus strophanthin 256 stability 30, 32 - adequate 297 strophanthus 256 - criteria 30 - response coupling 1313 structural glycoproteins 182 stalk section 396 - sensory 712 - collagen 182 standard bicarbonate 1578, 1579 stoichiometry 160, 163, 166 - connective tissue 182 standing gradient 1225, 2225 stomach 122, 163, 166,260, 1226, 1227, - elastin 182 Stantesson, e.G. 7 1407, 1460, 1523, 1577 - glycoconjugates 182 stapes 715 - acid-base balance 1577 - HA 182 staphylococcus a-toxin 905 - oxyntic cell 257 structural motifs 435 starch 2445 - parietal cell 257 - amphiregulin 436 Starling stool 2431 - androgen-induced growth factor 437 - equation 2076 - composition of 2431,2433 - angiogenic activity 436 - hypothesis 1971 storage 1617,1618 - betacellulin 436 - resistor 2074 - neural mechanisms of 1618 - chorionic gonadotrophin 435 Starling, E.H. 8 strabism 871, 1117 - epidermal growth factor 436 starvation 1577, 1586, 1604 strands 79, 1224 - glial-activating factor 437 - acidosis 1581 strategy 987, 1028 - heparin 437 - metabolic acid 1580 stratum - heregulin 436 STAT (signal transducers and activators - granulosum 1123 - insulin 436 of transcriptions proteins 443 - moleculare et lacunosum 1123 - kallikrein 436 state 21,30, 31, 32, 33 - oriens 1123 - keratinocyte growth factor 437 - closed 155 - pyramidale 1123 - mitogen designated heparin-binding - conformational 164 - radiatum 1123 EGF-like growth factor 436 - equations 21,30,37,38,39 Straub, H. 6 - three-dimensional structures 435 - open 155 stress 394,396,1140,1142, 1147, 1151, - transforming growth factor 435 - steady state 36,37,38,39 1153,1154,1734,1735,1736,1738, - urogastrone 436 - variables 35, 38 1741,1742 - vaccinia virus growth factor 436 static exercise 2156 - Alzheimer's disease 490 structure channel 157 "stazione" 10 - asthma 490 Strughold, H. 6

2518 subclavian artery 1919 - band 750 - type II pneumocytes 2328 subfornical organ 1627 superantigens 1699 surfactants 2374 sub glottal pressure 1096, 1097 - MHC-I 1700 - first breath 2374 subiculum 1122, 1123, 1124 - MHC-II 1700 - surface tension 2374 submandibular gland 2431 superfamily 194 surges submersion hypothermia 2217 - amino-acid sequence homology 194 - preovulatory 398 sub modality 623,628,630,641,645,660, superficial deep nephrons 1506 survival value 2214 666,667,668,673,674 superior cervical ganglion 794 "survivors" 1741 submucosal plexus 1239,1415 superior colliculus 574,744,794,797, susceptibility, synergetic 57 substance 394 799,800,808,813,835,839,842,843, "sushumna" 1737 - immunoactive 394 982,1042,1044,1045,1047,1060,1117 suspension stability 1775 substance P (NKI receptors) 101, 110, - cerebellum 836 swallowing 1012, 1235, 1236 116, 133,327,1042,1044,1045, 1070, - retinal slip 836 sweat 629, 1565, 1605, 1626, 1640, 1642, 1071, 1265, 1285, 1312, 1337, 1421, - secondary auditory nucleus 744 1643, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1932, 1552, 1876, 1894, 1562 - smooth pursuit 835, 836 2222,2223,2225,2431 - hyperhydration 1566 - stratum album intermedium 839 - apocrine 2219 substantia gelatinosa 133, 624, 627 - stratum album profundum 839 - composition of 2431,2433 substantia nigra (s. also SN) 326,625, - stratum griseum intermedium 839 - daily turnover 1550 988, 1013, 1042, 1043, 1046, 1055, 1141, - stratum griseum profundum 839, 840 - dehydration 1564, 1565 1152, 1153 - stratum griseum superficiale 839 - duct 1536, 1641, 2220, 2223, 2225 - pars compacta 1044, 1045, 1046, 1051, - stratum opticum 839, 840 - ecrine 2219 1061,1064,1069,1070,1083,1084,1151 - stratum zonale 839 - final 222 - pars reticulata 1042, 1043, 1044, 1046, - substantia nigra pars reticulata 835 - formation 2222 1047, 1064, 1070, 1072 - vergence 835 -- neuronal control 2223 substrate superior olivary complex 732, 734, 839 - gland 1931, 1933 - affinity 162 - bilaterally 734 - primary 222 - binding 158 superior temporal gyrus 745 - production 2219 - carriers 162 superoxide 1873 - rate 2222, 2226 - specifity 158, 160 superoxide dismutase 83,2410 - salt content 2219 subsystem 26 superposition principle 22, 23 - secretion 2225 subthalamic nucleus (STN) 1042, 1044, supplementary motor area (SMA) 1033, - test 2221,2225 1046, 1047, 1070, 1071, 1072 1034, 1036, 1043, 1047, 1055, 1062, sweat gland (s. also gland) 133, 336, a-subunit 165, 166 1063, 1064, 1068, 1069, 1070, 1078, 1563, 1589, 2219, 2220, 2224, 2225, 2226 ~-subunit 165, 166 1079, 1084 - coil 2221 y-subunit 312 suppress 749 - duct 2221, 2222 E-subunit 312 suppression 747,749,840 sweating 1639,2219,2223,2227 - 43-kDa protein 313 - bands 750 - emotional 2219 - growth cone 313 suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) 1202 - thermoregulatory 2219 - phosphorylation 313 supramolecular architecture 210 sweating and hyperthermia 2377 - ~-subunit 313 supramolecular architecture of basement - metabolism 2377 - y-subunit 313 membrane 210 swelling capacity 197 - tyrosine phosphorylation 313 - autoimmune glomerulonephritis 211 swimming 971 subunits, chimeric 316 - charge-selective 210 Sylvian fissure 639,745,803, 1137, 1139, succinate 1533 - diabetic nephropathy 211 1140, 1155, 1156, 1157 - Na+-coupled transport 1558 - entactin 210 Sylvian seizure 1156 - transporter 1532 - filtration control 211 sympathergic succinylcholine 315 - laminin 210,211 - discharge 1519, 1535, 1645,2225 - respiratory acidosis 1579 - mesangial cells 211 - fibers 2224 suckling 382, 383, 391, 396, 1309 - perlecan 210, 211 - innervation 1519,2223 sucrose 1554 - permeability, size-selective 210 sympathetic 629,654,1735,1737 sugar - selective charge sieving 211 - actions 1435 - specificity 1530 - type IV collagen 210, 211 - activation 1910,2006 - transporters 149 supramolecular matrix organization 208 - activity 1883,1898,1900,1901,1906, sulcus 750 - functional heterogeneity 208 1908,1912,1926 - anterior ectosylvian 844 suramine 101 - constriction 1927 - central 628,629,640, 1137, 1153 "surface area rule" 2063 - discharge 1483, 1484, 1626, 1627, 1633, - intraparietal 668, 792, 1067 surface charges 1968 1634,1636, 1637, 1638, 1640, 1641, 1642 - postcentral 629 - negative 1968 - efferent fibers 2009 - posterior ectosylvian 747 surface coat 1967 - ganglia 1882 - suprasylvian 747 surface, exchange vessel 1972 - innervation 1894, 1924 sulfate 1533, 1558 surfactant production, regulation of - nerve 1435, 1881, 1883 sulfenamide 166 2329 - neurons 1898 sulfonylurea 1111 - endogenous glucocorticosteroids 2329 - tone 1560 sulfur-containing amino acids 1576 - exogenous corticosteroid 2329 sympathetic nervous system 1415, 1720 - acid-base balance 1576 - glucocorticoid receptor 2329 - afferent nerves 341 sulfuric acid 2059 - glucocorticoid treatment 2329 - convergence 340 - titratable acidity 2060 - mRNA 2329 - divergence 340 sulphatases 83 - protein synthesis 2329 - prevertebral ganglia 340 sulphate 1497 surfactant synthesis 2328 synapse 321,323,497,597 - transporter 1532 - alveolar surfactant 2328 - central nervous inhibitory 287 sulphation 91 - lamellar bodies 2328 - chemical 321 summation 747 - type I 2328 - excitatory 733

2519 synapse (Contdo) - TGF~ 205 - IgM 127 - neuromuscular 84 - thrombospondin 205 - IL-1 127 - presynaptic membrane 323 - tissue development 205 - IL-4 127 - specialization 323 syndrome - IL-6 127 synapse, artificial 317 - general adaptation 1735 - IL-lO 129 - EPSC 317 synergetics 43,47,1748,1750 T) 462 - PKA 317 - circular causality in 1750 - 1454 - PKC 317 - consensualization 63 - free 462 - protein kinase 317 - cosmos 53 T,IT, - tyrosine kinase 317 - stereotypes 63 - actions 1454 synapsin 85, 329, 1129 - susceptibility 1750 - inactivation 1454 synaptic circuits 497 synergy 977,978,992,998,1008,1013, - secretion 1454 - active sites 497 1014, 1022, 1028, 1036, 1037, 1038, - synthesis 1454 synaptic 1039, 1081, 1083 T4 462, 1454 - cleft 323 synovial fluid 1553 - free 462 - delay 748 syntactic 1142, 1143, 1157 tachycardia 1899, 1900, 1905, 1908, - efficiency 882 syntaxin 85, 311 1910,1912 - inhibition 733 synthesis - paroxysmal 1899 - nest 742 - parametric 884 tachykinin 1129 - plasticity 101 - perceptual 885 tactile 627,654,660,661,665,669,670, - stripping 541 - transcellular 119 673,674,997,1078,1138,1143 - transmission 533 syringobulbia 630 - agnosia 669 - vesicle 310 syringomyelia 629 - senses 6 synaptic interaction 498 system 22, 380, 1657 tail region 1943 - chemical synapses 498 - adaptive 35, 39 - actin genes 1943 - divergence 498 - a-adrenergic 396 - exon -intron organization 1943 - electrical synapses 498 - circulation 1793 - introns 1943 synaptic potentials - control mechanisms 2157 TAL 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500, 1503, 1506, - EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic - critically damped 24 1507,1509, 1510, 1511, 1512, 1520, potentials) 340 - feedback 28 1523, 1534, 1535 - IPSP (inhibitory postsynaptic potential) - hypothalamo-adenohypophysial - function of 1501 349 387 - metabolism 1500 synaptic triads 500 - hypothalamoneurohypophysial 380 talin 187, 190, 1715 - afferent (feedforward) inhibition 500 - identification 76 TAP 1511 - dendrodendritic synapses 502 - limbic 394, 397 Tarchanow, I.Ro 8 - functional nodes 503 - linear time-invariant 22 target cell 464 - logic operations 503 - model 1743 - physiological effect 465 - recurrent (feedback) inhibition 501 - model-reference 35 target error 842 synaptobrevin 85, 311, 329 - overdamped 24 target organs 466 synaptophysin 311, 329 - physiological, nonlinear 30 taste 371,847,854, 1459, 1643, 1644 synaptotagmine 311,329 - posterior lobe 380 - anion paradox 856 synchronization 33, 34, 385, 734, 825, - reticuloendothelial 1734 - bitter 856 1114,1116,1117,1122,1129,1131, - subsystem 22, 28, 38, 39 - buds 1640 1962 - supersystem 22 - chorda tympani 857 - index 732 - time-invariant 22 - glossopharyngeal nerve 857 syncytium 911 - underdamped 24 - nucleus of the solitary tract 858 syncytium, functional 139, 145, 1942 - physiological - receptor 1640 - attachment plaques 1942 -- nonlinear 22 - receptor cells 855 - conduction velocity 1942 systemic lupus erythematosus 1591 - salty 855 - gap junction 1942 systole 1887, 1888, 1890, 1921, 1922 - sour 856 - intercellular ion channel 1942 systolic pressure 2435 - superior laryngeal nerve 858 - intermediate junction 1942 - sweet 856 - length constant 1942 T cells 128, 1696, 1708, 1735, 1742,2413 taurine 1531, 1547,2428 - membrane potential 1942 - cytotoxicity 1733, 1740 - osmolytes 1567 - nexus 1942 - cytotoxic 1734 taurocholate 1387,1400 - slow waves 1942 - helper (inducer) 1733 TBG 461,462 - time constant 1942 - nerve growth factor III TBP A (thyroxine-binding prealbumin) - vasomotion 1942 - suppressor 1733 463 syndactyly 670 T -cell receptor 100, 111, 188, 191, 1698, TEA 253 syndecan 201,205 1731 tectal 1042 - actin cytoskeleton 205 - cellular immune response 188 tecto-reticulo-spinal (so also TRS) tract - bFGF 205 - cytokines 188 844 - collagen, type I 205 - extracellular matrix proteins 188 tectorial membrane 716 - collagen, type III 205 - MHC-antigen complex 191 tectospinal 988, 1003, 1024 - collagen, type V 205 - T lymphocytes 188, 191 tectum 1042, 1151 - cytokines 205 T lymphocytes 1267 - opticum 982 - differentiation 205 T tubules 947 teeth 2446 - embryogenesis 205 - T system 947 tegmentum 656, 1012, 1061, 1082, 1151 - epithelial cells 205 T vector 2438 telencephalic 1061, 11 07 - FGF receptor 205 T-B cooperation 1702 telencephalon 358, 1061, 1107 - fibronectin 205 T -helper-cells 124, 126, 127 teleology 6 - mesenchymal cells 205 - IgG 127 telescoping 673

2520 temperature 623,627,629,633,637,645, tetraiodothyronine 457 -- lymphocytes 2402 648, 1895, 1897, 1908, 1909, 1928, 1930, tetraplegia 630 -- reduced immunological 1931,1932,1937,2415,2423 tetraiodothyronine (s. also T 4) 1454 surveillance 2402 - compensation 1201 tetrodotoxin 247,1111,1128 -- thymus 2402 - conversions 2423 texture 652, 661, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, -- tolerance decreases 2402 - homeostasis 2227 674,768, 1114, 1130 - molecular theories 2401 - regulation 1909, 1910, 1931 - perception 793, 804, 809, 813, 814, -- chromatin, altered 2401 - thermodynamic 2421 815,816,825 -- codon restriction 2401 temperature and spermatogenesis 2240 TF/P 1497 -- DNA repair, failure of 2401 temperature rhythm, diurnal 220 TF/PC! 1517 -- "longevity" genes 2401 temperature sensors 2207 Tg (s. also thyroglobulin) 452 -- "senescene" genes 2401 - cold receptors 2208 - antibodies 469 -- somatic mutation 2401 - warm receptors 2208 - synthesis 455 -- telomere length 2401 temporal 1042, 1048, 1076 TGF 179,461,1481,1482,1513,1956 -- error catastrophe 2401 - accuracy 749 TH (s. also thyroid hormones) 451 - nervous system 2402 - area 745 - binding globulin 461 - neuroendocrine theories 2402 - code 739 - metabolic effects 466 -- "biological clock" 2402 - integration 272 - metabolism of 463 -- hypothalamus 2402 - properties 748 - in normal adults 462 -- pacemaker 2402 tenascin 186 - receptor 464 - NGF-treated 2401 - cell migration 186 - resistance 470 - organismic and systemic theories - glycoprotein, extracellular matrix 186 - transport of 461, 463 2402 - morphogenesis 186 THO 1714 - pacemaker 2402 tensile strength 198 THI 1714,1717,1723 -- adrenal steroids 2402 - cell adhesion 198 TH2 1714,1723 -- brain centers 2402 - connective tissue diseases 198 - noradrenergic 1724 -- corticosteroids 2402 - cytokines 198 thalamic 626,627,628,635,637,642, -- gonadal steroids 2402 - differentiation 198 643,644,645,657,659,667,668,670, -- hippocampal cell death 2402 - diffusion 198 671,797, 1012, 1013, 1025, 1034, 1040, -- hippocampal cells 2402 - extracellular matrix 198 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, -- hippocampus 2402 - genetic defects 198 1049, 1050, 1054, 1060, 1068, 1069, -- hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing - glycosaminoglycan 198 1071,1075,1078,1079,1110,1112, hormone 2402 - GPI anchor 198 1120, 1122, 1123, 1141, 1151, 1152, -- hypothalamo-hypophysial- - growth factors 198 1153,1154 adrenocortical axis 2402 - hydrodynamic volume 198 thalamic nuclei 689 -- neuronal loss 2402 - motility 198 - intralaminar complex 689 -- neurotransmitter 2402 - proliferation 198 - posterior complex 689 -- steroid hormone receptors 2402 - proteoglycans 198 - ventral posterior lateral nucleus 689 -- superfamily of regulatory proteins - saccharide recognition sequences 198 thalamocortical 626, 628, 642, 643, 644, 2402 - tissue morphogenesis 198 657,660,670, 1112, 111~ 1117, 1118, -- thyroid hormones 2402 tension cost 899 1120, 1121, 1128 therapies, biological 1741 tension regulation 1951 - integration 740 thermal comfort 2205 - Ca2+ channel, voltage dependent 1951 thalamus 574,626,627,628,635,637, thermal stress 2219, 2226 - Ca2+-activated K+ channel 1951 642,643,644,645,657,659,667,668, thermoceptive 624,627,628,635,673 - resistance vessels 1951 670, 671, 797, 844, 1012, 1013, 1025, thermogenesis 1931 - transmural pressure 1951 1034, 1040, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, - adaptive 1430 (tenting) T wave 1592 1046, 1047, 1049, 1050, 1054, 1060, - diet-induced 1426 teratocarcinoma 190 1068, 1069, 1071, 1075, 1078, 1079, thermo receptors 1895 term family 194 1110, 1112, 1120, 1122, 1123, 1141, thermoregulation 915,932, 1154, 1643, - tertiary structure 194 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154 1890,2219,2223,2226 terminal bronchioles 2077 - rhythm 519 - behavioral 2205 terminal cells 1894 the "where" and the "what" systems 864 thermoregulatory sweating 2219 terminal web 81, 237, 1224 theca cells 2236 thermo sensitive 673 "terms" 194 theophylline 96 thermostat 22, 28 terrestrial animals 1506 theories of aging 240 I thiazides 258, 1502, 1511,1 512,1513, tertiary active system 259 - cellular theories 240 I 1599, 1641 tertiary active transport 1491 -- cross-linked collagen 2401 - diuretics 1599, 1603 "tertiary active" 1492 -- histocompatibility complex 2401 thick ascending limb 258, 260, 1481, test -- pigments 2401 149~ 1503, 1506, 1512, 1535, 1536, - glucose tolerance 2395 - endocrine system 2402 1537, 1538, 1539, 1637 testes 1935 - free radicals theory 2401 - dilution of tubule fluid 1497 testis 2238 -- cellular lipids 2401 thick ascending loop of Henle 1902 testosterone 31,398,2236,1142, 1147, -- cognitive processes 240 I "thierische Elektrizitat" 5 1156 -- DNA 2401 thimerosal 105 tetanic 920,921,922,925, 927, 928, 930 -- growth 2401 thin descending limb 1501 tetanus 920,921,922,925,927,928,930, -- proteins 2401 thiocyanate 1554 950 -- radicals 240 I thiolproteases 178 - respiratory acidosis 1579 -- transport 2401 third factor 1633, 1638 - toxin 329 - immunological theories 2402 third ventricle 1639 tetrac 457,463 -- autoantibody production 2402 thirst 1483, 1557, 1560, 1626, 1628, 1627, tetraethylammonium 272 -- immune system 2402 1631, 1633, 1634, 1635, 1637, 1638, tetrahydrobopterin 1713 -- lymph nodes 2402 1639,1640,1641,1644,1645,2225

2521 thixotropic 926 Tigerstedt, R.A.A. 7 - prepotential 1961 Thomas, K. 6 tight junction 79,80, 81, 92, 546, 1217, - sinuatrial node 1961 thoracic duct 1894, 1895 1223, 1224, 1225, 1226, 1228, 1230, - vascular 1875, 1877, 1880, 1881, 1874, threonine 143,1531,2428 1312, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1498, 1502, 1889,1922 threshold 22,40, 301, 971 1595,1918,1873,1889,1894,2221,2223 tonic 749 - hearing 712, 713 tilt aftereffect 875 - neck reflexes 24 I thrombasthenia Glanzmann-Naegeli 190 tilt effect 875 tonin 1320 - bleeding diathesis 190 time tonofilaments 80 - platelet glycoprotein aIlb~3 190 - dosed 154 tonsils 1709,1712 thrombin 101, llO, 123, 130, 1661, 1876, - open 154 - T cell traffic 1709 1879 time constant 24 top-down approaches 881 a-thrombin 1989 time disparity 735 top-down influences 885 thrombocytes 134,135,238,2430 time domain 1962, 1963 topology 157, 159, 165 - activation reactions of 1669 - stationary activation curve 1963 torcular Herophili 562 - adhesion of 1671 TIMP (s. also tissue inhibitors of torpedo 255 - aggregation of 1671 metalloproteinases) 178,217 torpedo marmorata 313 - contraction of 1675 Tinbergen, N. 7 Torricelli, E. 2 - cydooxygenase 1673 tip link 701, 718 total buffer bases 2437 - effect of aspirin 1672 tissue total lipids 2429 - formation of 1668 - damage 1539 touch 629, 637, 647, 654, 656, 659, 661, - hemostasis 1667 - energy metabolism 571 666,668,669,673 - secretion reactions 1674 - Gut-associated lymphoid 1266 toxemia 1538 thrombocytopenia 135 - injury 1976 toxic thrombolysis 1667 - interstitial 1895,1910,1895 - adenomas 469 thrombomodulin 1989 - perfusion 1880 - stress 2409 thrombopoietin 1668 - plasminogen activator 1986 - substances 2303 thrombosis 1538,1987, 1988,2077 tissue indicator equilibrium techniques TP A 102, 103, 108, 144, 1990 thrombospondin 1986, 1987 565 TPO 456,469 thromboxane 101, llO, ll6, ll7, 135, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (s. TR 464,470 1480, 1881 also TIMP) 178 tract 624, 655, 1035 thromboxane A, ll7, ll9, 120,2076 - adenocarcinoma epithelial cells 217 - bulbospinal 988 thymocytes 124, 125 - endogenous 217 - cervicothalamic 627 thymosin 231 - fibroblast 217 - corticobulbar 988 thymosin b4 235 - fibronectin 217 - corticopontine 988 thymulin 1722 - hybridization 217 - corticorubral 988 - FAE 1722 - immunoperoxidase staining 217 - corticospinal 637,988,1003,1012, thymus 1147,1699, 1708, 1720, 1894 - interstitial collagenes 217 1024, 1038, 1048 thyrocytes 453 -laminin 217 - cuneocerebellar 1048 thyroglobulin 453 - matrilysin 217 - dorsal spinocerebellar (DSCT) 624, thyroglobulin (Tg) synthesis 452 - matrix metalloproteinase expression 625,626,627,632,633,637,656,1001, thyroid deficiency 217 1012,1013 - hyperhydration 1566 - progelatinase A 217 - propriospinal 1012 thyroid autoimmune disease 469 - progelatinase B 217 - pyramidal 1013, 1025, 1035, 1036, thyroid disorders 468 - proteoglycans 217 1038, 1067, 1068, 1074, 1082 thyroid gland 29, 1527 - remodeling 217 - reticulospinal 988, 991, 1003, 1014, thyroid growth 460 - repair 217 1024, 1035 thyroid hormones (s. also TH) 115, 391, - serpins 178 - rubrospinal 624, 988, 1003, 10 13, 1024, 451,453,1562,1587,1590,1599,1600, - stromelysins-1 to -3 217 1035, 1048 1601,1602,1603,1605,2414 - TIMP-1 217 - spinoolivary 1048 - binding protein 1454 - TIMP-2 217 - spinocerebellar 624, 1047, 1048, 1085 - regulatory elements 1455 - tissue 217 - spinocervical 627,637 - system 452 - type IV collagen 217 - spinocervicothalamic 628 thyroid stimulating hormone releasing titin 926, 939 - spinohypothalamic 628 hormone llO titratable acid 2434, 2437 - spinomesencephalic 627 thyroid tissue 452 Tnc 951, 1860 - spinoreticular 624, 627 thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies TNF 1261 - spinoreticulo-cerebellar (SRCT) 1012, (s. also TSAb) 469 TNF-a 1602 1013 thyroid-stimulating hormone (s. also TNF-~ 1602 - spinothalamic 624, 625, 627, 630, 637, TSH) 98, 115,2235 TNI 1861 638,988,1616 thyroiditis 469 Tni 951 - tectospinal 988, 1003, 1024 - subacute 469 toad skin 1218 - tegmental 1035 thyroliberin 1454 toad urinary bladder 1504 - trigeminothalamic 627 thyroperoxidase 455, 456 tocopherol 2410 - ventral spinocerebellar (VSCT) 625, - thyroglobulin 455 tolerance of self 1696, 1702 1001, 1012, 1013 thyrotropes 395 tone 711,712,1961 - vestibulospinal 988,991,999, 1002, thyrotropin 391, 395, 396, 1454 - action potentials 1961 1014, 1048 thyroxine ll5, 453, 454, 457 - arteriolar 1928 training 1060, 1069, 1075, 1076, 1077, thyroxine-binding prea1bumin (s. also - Ca'+ channels, voltage-sensitive 1961 1078,2155 TBPA) 463 - constrictor 1932 - adaptation to 2398 tic douloureux 654 - electrical oscillations 1961 tranquilization 574 tickling 652,668 - electromechanical coupling 1961 tranquilizer, minor 1635 tidal volume 2041, 2435, 2436 - mechanical oscillations 1961 trans-Golgi 85, 92

2522 transactivators 129 - active 1385 triple response 837 transcellular space 1548 - ATPase 1385 - ciliary ganglion 837 transcellular volume 1545, 1552 - axonal 327 triple-helical conformation 174 transcortin 1453 - capacity 1509 - collagen 175 transcnptlOn 101, Ill, 126, 135,259 - coefficient (s. also response coefficient) - collagen family 175 - factors Ill, 129, 966 46 - extracellular matrix 174 transcutaneous POl 2107 - cycle 164 -FACIT 175 - alveolar ventilation 2107 - elements 1263 - hydrogen bonds 175 - breathing pattern 2107 - macromolecular 1975 - left-handed collagen helix 175 transcytosis 92, 166,551, 1230, 1388, - organelle 240 - proa-chains of collagen 174 1974, 1967 - rate of 157 - right-handed superhelix 175 transducin 109, 110 - salt 2002 - triple helix 175 transducing mechanisms 245 - vesicular 1974 - tropocollagen 175 transduction 296, 712, 962, 2209 - water 2002 tRNA 82,83 - Ca2+ on K+ permeability 2209 transport motors 616 troencephalographic activity 574 - cascades 245 - dynein 616 troland 768 - cellular 95 - kinesin 616 trophoblast 1720, 2291 - mechanisms 95 transport of Cl 1319 - cotyledons 2291 - mechanoelectrical 698, 701, 717 - secondary active 1319 - placentones 2291 - pathways 93, 103,260, 1229 transport of peptides and proteins 551 tropocollagen 177 - systems 95, 96 transport rate, maximal 157 tropomyosin 87,231,232,898,912,914, transepithelial resistance 1219, 1221, transport systems 918,932,939,951,1872,1873 1519 - active 1372 troponin 912,914,916,918,927,932, transepithelial voltage 1218, 1221, 1225, - canalicular 1387 939 1491, 1496, 1497, 1501, 1502, 1512, transport voltage 1501 - troponin C 939 1520, 1521, 1522, 1523 - active 2225 - troponin I 939 transfection 216 transport work 1489,1517,1538 - troponin T 393 - antisense mRNA 216 transporter 168 troponin 1 2006 - Ig-SF 216 transporter, Na+-sulfate 162 - phosphorylation 2006 - invasion 216 transthyretin 463 TRS 844 transferrin 551 transverse (T) tubule 913,914,931 trypan blue 141 transformation 712,872 TRAP 464, 465 trypsin 1329, 2432 - coordinate 871 trapezoid body 732 tryptophan 1531 transforming growth factor 1602, 2245 trauma 1538, 2412 tryptophan hydroxylase 1129, 1204, transforming growth factor-a 2245 TRE 464,465 1209 transforming growth factor-~ 1873 "treadmilling" 229 trysin 1267 transforming growth factor (TGF)~l- tremor 654,830,920, 1017, 1073, 1074 TSAb (s. also thyroid-stimulating binding protein 179 - action 1073 autoantibodies) 469 - exon skipping 179 - intention 1072 TSH (s. also thyroid stimulating - fibrillin gene 179 - postural 1072 hormone) 115,391,455,458,459,460, - in-frame insertion 179 - resting 1069 461,462,465,467,469 - missense mutations 179 Trendelenburg, W. 6 - cyclic AMP 1597 - multiexon deletions 179 TRH (s. also thyrotropin-(TSH)-releasing - receptor 458, 459 - premature stop codons 179 hormone) 101, 115,388,394,395,396, - releasing hormone (s. also TRH) 115 "transhepatic responses" 1370 458,460 TSHR 459 transit 1289 TRH-receptor 458 TTR 462 translocation 158 TRHR 460 TTX 254 transmembrane linker portein 187 triac 463 tube - integrin family 187 triacylglycerol 1270 - elastic 1870 - integrin receptor VLA-5 187 triad 913, 948 tuberculosis 1603, 1642 - proteochondroitin sulfate 188 triadic cell 742 tubule - proteoglycans 187 triamterene 1591 - collecting 133 - S-type lectin CBP 35 188 tricarboxylic acid - damage 1538, 1539 - syndecan 187 - Na'-coupled transport 1558 - flow rate 1512 - verslcan 187 triceps jerk 2441 - fluid 1511, 1518, 1526, 1532 transmission 1619 trichromacy 794 - function 1469 - impulse, through these ganglia 1619 trichromatic theory (Young-Helmholtz) - innervation 1637 - modulation of neuroeffector 1620 793 - pH 1523 transmitter 99, 100, ll6, 133, 144,718 trifluoperazine 106 - pressure 1538 - receptor interaction 1744 (l3ll) trifluoroiodomethane 566 - proximal 1489, 1490 transmitter release ll5, 329, 1881 trigeminal 627 tubulin 86, 87 - nonvesicular 538 - nerve 133 tubulo-vesicular system 166 transmitter uptake 534 - neuralgia 652, 653 tubuloglomerular feedback 1481, 1485, - system 534 - spinal nucleus 627 1486,1640,1926 transmural pressure 1958,2074 trigeminothalamic tract 680 tumor 1156, 1157,2078 transparency 876 triglycerides 1342, 2429 - acidosis 1581 transplant rejection 135 triiodothyronine (s. also T3) 115,453, - adhesion receptor 216 transplantation 605,2407,2416 454, 1454 - angiogenesis 217 - immortalized cell lines 605 - reverse 454, 457 - basement membranes 216 - lineage studies 605 trimethaphan 1633 - CD44 216 transplantation experiments 540 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP)) 904 - CD44E 216 transport l372 triple helix 177 -cell 216,217

2523 tumor (Contd.) - type IV collagen 185 upper airway motor 2098 - cell adhesion 216 tumor necrosis factor 123, 1380, 1733 - circadian rhythm 2098 - cell attachment 216 tumor necrosis factor-a 1602 - developmental 2098 - cell binding 216 tumor promoters 215 - laryngeal resistance 2099 - cell extravasation 216 tumor suppressor genes 215 - oronasal breathing 2099 - cell implantation 216 - cancer cells 215 - pharyngeal airway resistance 2099 - cell invasion 216, 217 - cancer predisposition 215 - sleep apnea 2098 - collagen 217 - gene regulatory proteins 215 urate 1469, 1490,2429,2434 - development 214 - p53 gene urea 90,149, 1315, 1316, 1434, 1469, - EGF 217 - Rb gene 215 1490, 1497, 1505, 1507, 1509, 1510, - endo-~-D-glucuronidase 216 tumors, pineal 1210 1531,1539,1565,2059,2301,2429, - endothelial cells 216 - pinealoma 1210 2430,2434 - extracellular matrix 217 - pineoblastoma 1210 - carrier 1532 - fibronectin 216 - pineocytoma 1210 - clearance 1532 - gelatinase 217 - retinoblastoma, trilateral 1210 - cycle 1398 - gelatinase A 217 turbulence 2028 - cycle enzymes 1373, 1393, 1396 - growth 145, 1991 - laminar airflow 2029 - cycle flux 1398 - HA 216 - PoiseuiIIe equation 2028 - delivery of 1510 - heparanase 216 - Reynolds number 2028 - excretion 1494,1532 - initiators 215 twitch 22,915, 919, 920, 922, 932 - production 1525 - a4~I-integrin 216 two-stage model 1317 - reabsorption 1536

- interstitial collagenase 217 TXA2 135 - recovery of 1531

- invasion 214,216,217 TXB 2 122 - recycling pathways for 1510 - invasion process 216 tympanic membrane 713 - synthesis of 10, 1399 - invasiveness 216 type IV collagen 210 - transporter 149,162 - laminin A chain 217 tyrosine 106,453, 1531,2428 uremia 1470 - laminin receptor 216 tyrosine aminotransferase 1396 ureogenesis 1398, 1444 - local invasion 217 tyrosine hydroxylase 585, 1129 urethra, proximal 1618 - malignant melanoma cells 216 - phosphorylation 1597 - relaxation of the 1618 - matrilysin 217 tyrosine kinase 99, 100, 106, Ill, 124, uric acid 1469 - metastases 216,217 126,128,129,144,145,437,905 - buffers 1573 - metastasis formation 216, 217 - activins 437 - pK 1572 - metastatic competency 216 - blood sugar 437 uridine 141 - metastatic processes 216 - bone morphogenic proteins 437 urinary bladder 346,347, 1225, 1621, - metastatic subpopulation 216 - ciliary neurotrophic factor 438 1637 - migration 216 - colony-stimulating factor 438 - hyperexcitable 1621 - neovascularization 217 - gland, submaxillary 438 - neurogenic bladder 347 - PDGF 217 - glial growth factor 438 urinary flow 1512 - progelatinase B 217 - hepatocyte growth factor 438 - rate 1476, 1532, 1631 - protease 216,217 - inhibins 437 urinary tract, lower 1618 - protease inhibitors 217 - insulin/insulin-like growth factors 437 - reciprocal spinal control of 1618 - proteolysis 216, 217 - leukemia-inhibitory factor 438 urine 1490, 1550,2431 - proteolysis of the extracellular - mast cells 438 - composition of 2431,2434 matrix 216 - mullerian-inhibiting substances 437 - daily turnover 1550 - aV~3-receptor 217 - neu differentiation factor 438 - excretion 1900, 1902 - regression 216 - neuregulins 438 - flow rate 1470 - stromelysin 217 - pancreatic islets 438 - osmolality 1540, 2439 - stromelysin-2 217 - relaxin 437 - pH 1506, 1523 - TGFa 217 - thrombin 438 - volume 1489,1540,1906 - TIMP-l 217 - vascular endothelial growth factor 438 Urnierengang 1472 - TIMP-l gene 217 - vascular permeability factor 438 urobilinogen 2433, 2434 - TIMP-2 217 tyrosine phosphorylation urochrome 1469 - TIMP-2 gene 217 - cytoskeleton 190 urodilatin 1185, 1521, 1537, 1641 - type IV collagenase 217 uroguanylin 106, 107 - VCAM-l 216 ubiquitous carrier system 161 urolithiasis 1553, 1567 - vitronectin 216 ulcerative colitis 135 uropathy, obstructive 1591 - VLA-4 216 ultradian 1737 "use-dependent block" 271 - white blood cells 216 ultradian system Us sing chamber 1218,1219,1224 tumor cell motility 217 - oscillator 1737 uterine 134 - extracellular matrix components 217 ultrafiltration 1966, 1968, 1971, 1972 - atonia 2348 - growth factors 217 ultraradian rhythm 1736 - cervical maturation - host derived scatter factors 217 - nasal dominance 1736 - cervix 2348 - hyaluronan 217 umbilical blood flow - contractions 2348 - tumor-secretes cytokines 217 - angiotensin 2293 - ripens 2348 tumorigenicity (s. also tumor - prostacyclin 2293 uterine blood flow, graded reduction development) 214 unconditioned response 1168 2314 tumor metastasis 185 unconditioned stimulus 1168 - brain 2314 - cell surface integrin receptors 185 unconsciousness 574 - heart 2314 - coiled coil of a-helices 185 underfilling 1642, 1644 - 02 content 2314 - laminin 185 undernutrition 1425,1431 - redistribution of cardiac output 2314 - proteoheparan sulfate 185 underweight 1343 - umbilical venous blood 2314 - tenascin 185 uPA 178,1990 uterine blood flow, prolonged arrest

2524 2315 vascular smooth muscle cell 122, 260 - IL-4 196 - adrenals 2315 vascular system 2396 - infection 196 - brain 2315 vascular tone 123, 1997 - inflammation 196 - brainstem 2316 vascular wall 1981 - macrophages 196 - heart 2315 - signalling 1981 - melanoma cells 196 - isotope-labelled microsphere vasculitis 1538 - mesothelial cells 196 method 2315 vascuolar type, WATPase 163 - myoblasts 196 - redistribution of cardiac output 2315 vasoactive intestinal peptide (s. also - myotubes 196 - severe asphyxia 2316 VIP) 98, 116,327,387, 1421, 1563, - synovial lining cells 196 uterine blood flow, reduction 2314 1590, 1876, 2220 - TNFa 196 - fetomaternal CO, 2314 vasoactive substances, inactivate 2077 - tumor cell invasion 196 - maternofetal 0, delivery 2314 vasoconstriction 122, 123, 128, 130, 134, - wound healing 196 uterine blood flow, repeated brief arrest 1535, 1627, 1637, 1640, 1875, 1877, VCN 739 of 2314 1879, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1886, 1897, vector 37 - catecholamines 2315 1899, 1905, 1908, 1910, 1911, 1917, vector sum 874 - fetal circulatory centralization 2315 1920,1926,1928,1930,1934,2213 vegetables 2445 - heart rate 2314 - a -adrenergic 1901 VEGF 1986 - micro spheres 2315 - ai-adrenergic 1910 vein - myocardial flow 2315 - arteriolar 1907, 1912 - azygos 1934 - 0, delivery 2314 - compensatory 1911 - jugular 1895, 1891, 1894 - 0, saturation of hemoglobin 2314 - coronary 1912, 1924 - large 1899 - redistribution offetal blood flow 2315 - cutaneous 1910 - portal 1930 - skin blod flow 2314 - intracellular pH 1571 - subclavian 1895 - (tcPO,) 2314 - splanchnic 1930 - Thebesian 1921 - trans cutaneously measured PO, (s. also - sympathetic 1896, 1909, 1910, 1924, - thoracic 1892, 1897 tcPO,) 2314 1928,1929 Vella, L. 7 uterine muscle 122 vasoconstrictor 34, 131, 1483, 1536, velocity 705, 1944, 2423 uteroplacental blood flow 2294 1539, 1633, 1637, 1956 - perceived 873 uterus 133, 163, 1934, 2243 vasodilatation 122, 130, 133, 134, 1631, venae cavae 1867, 1872, 1891 utricula 1014 1642,1644,2203 venoconstriction 1891, 1892 UV light 1484, 1485 - intracellular pH 1571 venoles 1867, 1888, 1890, 1891 UV radiation 2410 vasodilating agents 1539 venous UW solution 2416 vasodilation 1588, 1876, 1878, 1878, - blood 1909 1879,1880, 1882, 1886, 1896, 1901, - capacitance 1997,2008 VI receptor 1637 1907,1909,1926,1928,1929,1930, - capacity 1891,1917 V, receptor 1637, 1645 1931,1932, 1933, 1934 - compliance 1890 V, type receptor 1505 - ~-adrenergic 190 I - function 1893 vagal nerve 997 - cholinergic 1908 - plexus 1908,1910,1931 vagina 2247 - coronary 1923, 1924 - pressure 1997 vagotomy 1711 - cutaneous 1931 - pulse 1797 vagus 1415 - metabolic 1881, 1889, 1897, 1909, - reservoir 1997 - nerve 997, 1239 1920,1922,1923,1924,1928,1929, - resistance 2007 Vagus stoff 321 1931, 1930 - return 1889, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1900, valine 1531,2428 - myogenic 1929 1906, 1907, 1917, 2008 valinomycin 158, 257 - neurogenic 1884,1908,1927 - system 1911 valves - respiratory acidosis 1579 - tone 2008 - aortic 1887 - thermoregulatory 1909 - volume 1910 - atrioventricular 1891 vasodilators 1957 venous admixture 2043, 2044, 2073 valvulae convenientes 1260 vasointestinal peptide (VIP) 1894, 1920 - alveolar dead space 2043 Van't Hoff's law 2424 vasomotion/slow wave activity 1961 - anatomic dead space 2043 vanadate 166, 256, 1588 - oscillations 1961 - physiological dead space 2043 varicose terminals 221 0 - periodic alterations 1961 venous volume 1910 variCOSItIes 322, 1882, 2006 - rhythms 1961 - unstressed 1997 vasa recta 1471, 1472, 1486, 1510, 1925, vasomotor 629 ventilation 2029,2037,2040,2147,2152, 1926 vasomotor mechanism, neurogenic 571 2409 - ascending 1506 vasopressin (s. also ADH) 97, 98, 110, - alveolar 2041 - descending 1506 130,131,133,322,380,381,382,383, - arterial pH 2152 vasa vasorum 1872 385, 386, 387, 390, 393, 394, 396 1484, - artificial 2417 vascular bundles 1506, 1637 1536,1552, 1644, 1876, 1884, 1910, - buffering 2152 vascular disease 570 1912, 2012, 2245 - mechanical 2075 vascular endothelial growth factor (s. also - antagonist 1630 - 0, uptake 2041 VEGF) 1873, 1986 vasoregulation 1884, 1917 - respiratory compensation 2152 vascular permeability 135 VCAM (s. also vascular cell adhesion ventilation-perfusion inequality vascular resistance 1538, 1539, 2072, molecules) 1988 - respiratory alkalosis 1579, 1580 2312, 2435 VCAM-l (Vascular Cell Adhesion ventilation-perfusion ratio 2071 - increased 2396 Molecule 1) 187, 196 ventilatory hyperbola 2112 - peripheral 1866 - atherosclerotic plaques 196 - blood pH 2112 - pulmonary 2072 - basophils 196 - high-altitude ventilation 2115 - systemic 1997 - dendritic cells 196 - hypoxic drive 2114 vascular rhythmogenesis 1961 - eosinophils 196 - metabolic acidosis 2113 vascular smooth muscle 1632, 1634, - IFNy 196 - 0, inhalation 2115 1941, 1982 - IL-l~ 196 - 02 response 2114

2525 ventilatory hyperbola (Contd.) - sensory organs 697 - phosphodiesterase 776 - 0, threshold 2114 - system 697 - retinal (vitamin A aldehyde) 775 - respiratory acidosis 2113 vestibulo-ocular reflex (s. also - rhodopsin 774 ventral caudal tegmental field VORl 829,1054,1077,1079,1080,1082 - transducin 776 (VTF) 1012 vestibulospinal 988,991,999, 1002, - vitamin A 776 ventral field 745 100~ 101~ 101~ 101~ 1028 visual stimulation 576 ventral funiculus 627, 637 vibration 629,637,638,649,651,652, visualization 1744 ventral nucleus (s. also MGBv) 740 659,661,667,670,673 visualization techniques 1191 ventral posterior lateral nucleus (s. also - "sense" 298 - electrophysiologic recording 1191 VPL) 626,628,639 vibrato 1100 - functional magnetic resonance ventral posterior medial nucleus (s. also vicinal diols 117,121 imaging 1191 VML) 628,639 villin 87, 237 - optical imaging 1191 ventricle 33 villus 1404 - positron emission tomography 1191 - fourth 752 - microcirculation 1404 visuomotor development 2386 - left 1887, 1890 vimentin 87 - language development 2386 - right 1921 vinblastine 87, 1565 visuospatial 1143, 1144, 1147, 1155, 1157 ventricular afferent 2000 vincristine 87 visuotopic maps 840 ventricular output, combined 2309, vinculin 87,187,190,192,1715 vital capacity 2409, 2435, 2436 2311,2312 - actin bundles 192 vitalism 5 ventricular stroke volumes 2071 Vintschgau, M. von 6 vitamin 2301 ventrobasal thalamic complex 625, 627, VIP (s. also vasoactive intestinal - fat-soluble 1270 628,635,638,639,641,657,671 peptide) 98, 387, 396, 398, 1265, 1284, vitamin A 1371, 1603,2431 ventrolateral funiculus 627 1312, 1324, 1325, 1338, 1421, 1958, vitamin B12 1239 ventrolateral medulla, rostral 2134 2220,2223,2224 vitamin C 2410 - cardiac respiratory rhythms 2136 - cyclic AMP 1597 vitamin D 1383, 1484, 1603, 1606 - raphe nuclei 2135 - inhibit 1324 - deficiency 1604 - reticular sympathetic rhythms 2135 Virchow 10 vitamin E 2410 - RVLM bulbospinal neurons 2134 viruses 166 vitamin K - systemic hypoxia 2136 vis vitalis 5 - deficiency 1665 ventroposterior field 745 visceral 1124 vitelline membrane 2269 ventroposterior thalamic nucleus 643 - afferents 341 vitreal body 758, 758, 770 venules 1403 viscosity 1751,1754,1867,1868,1869, in vitro perfusion of isolated segments - postcapillary 1966, 1976 1870, 1877, 2429 1498 verapamil 1387, 1532 - apparent 1869 "vivisection" 10 veratridine 598, 1901 - coefficient of 1754, 1758 vivisectionist 5, 15 vergence 830 -law of Newton 1754 VLA proteins 189 - accommodation 830 viscosity of blood 1760 VLA-5 (s. also integrin O:5~1 and vermis 1047, 1049 - apparent 1763 fibronectin receptor) 190 versican 201, 206 - relative 1760, 1763 VLDL 1271, 1434 - hyaluronan (HA) 206 viscous 926 - pathway 1279 - link protein 206 - drag 1752 - remnants 1275 - negative fixed charges 206 vision 6, 644, 652, 653, 657, 659, 663, VM 395 - osmotic pressure 206 664,665,666,668,674,974,975,976, VMH 391,394,395 vertebral artery 1919 980,981,982,983,1007,1008,1013, VML 628,639 vertigo 697 1014, 1027, 1029, 1035, 1059, 1060, VMN 477 Verworn, M. 6 1061, 1064, 1066, 1067, 1069, 1072, VNLL 737, 739, 744 Vesalius 2 1074,1078,1084,1128,1130,1132, - lateral tegmentum system 744 vesicle 166, 1974, 1975 1138, 1140, 1142, 1143, 1145, 1146, - spinal cord 744 - technique 1222 114~ 114~ 1149, 1150, 1152, 1155,2396 - vestibular nuclei 744 - cytoplasmic 1967, 1970 - field, hemifield 790, 791, 794, 797, 799, vocal - exocytosis 329 803,806,808,814,816,822,823,824, - folds 1095 - exocytotic 166 vision, focal 866 - register 1099 - secretory 92 - ambient 866 - tract 1100 - studies 1523 vision, foveal 865 vocalization 1068,1071 vesicular exchange 1968, 1975 - peripheral 865 VOCs 103, 156 vesicular transport 11 0 visual (s. also vision) 644, 974, 975, 976, voice quality 1101 vessels 1965 980, 981, 982, 983 voice source 1095, 1096 - "alveolar" 2074 visual areas, multiple 864 voiding 1617 - exchange 1965 - higher-order maps 864 - regulation 1617 - "extra-alveolar" 2074 visual cortex 597 Volta, A. 3 - post glomerular 1479 visual development 870 voltage 163, 167,247,250,252,253,254, - preglomerular 1479 visual field (s. also vision) 757 1220,1222,2422 - size and morphological state of the visual localization 842 voltage clamp 250 570 visual maps 863 - conditions 1218, 1219 vestiboluspinal 624 - segregation of features 863 - dependent ion channel 268 vestibular 623, 744, 980, 991, 997, 999, visual pigments 774 - divider ratio 1221, 1222 1007, 1008, 1012, 1014, 1028, 1047, - adaptation 776 - operated channel 156 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1055, 1066, - color vision 773, 774 - scanning 1224 1072, 1074, 1080, 1083, 1132, 1141 - cyclic guanosine 776 - sensor (s. also charge sensor) 914 - apparatus 697 - monophosphate (GMP) 776 - squid axon 288 - nerve 697 - night blindness 776 - technique 288, 289 - nuclei 1013 - opsin 775 volume 254

2526 - balance 1535 - metabolism 1557, 1626, 1644, 1645 Willis, circle of 561 - contraction 1501, 1644 - Na' homeostasis 1636 Windkessel 1888 -- alkalosis 1581 - permeability 1504, 1505, 1506, 1510, winner takes-all-phenomenon 52 - control 1638 1536, 1886 Wohler, F. 10 - elasticity 1870 -- hydraulic 149 Wohlisch, E. 6 - expansion 1229, 1501, 1518, 1536, - reabsorption 1494, 1504, 1511 W olff-Chaikoff 460 1540, 1632, 1633, 1638, 1642, 1643, - restriction 1645 - effect 457 1644 - secretion 2226 Wolff's Gang 1472 - interstitial 1918 - transport 1225, 1228 W olffian duct 2247 - loss 1536, 1538,2225 - tubule 1228 Woods Hole 10 - receptors 1627, 1631, 1637 - withdrawal 1507 work 924,926,927,928,929,931, - regulation 162, 258,259 water channel 85, 149,259, , 1228, 1496, 932 - regulatory mechanisms 1229 1505, 1637, 1641, 1501, 1504, 1559, working memory 1165 volume, blood 1897, 1899, 1905, 1906, 1560 - anterograde amnesia 1165, 1166 1910 water drinking, compulsive 1645 - extracellular 1895, 1899, 1901, 1902 wave X-ray diffraction 91, 1223 - interstitial 1907 - dicrotic 1887, 1888 xanthine oxidase 2410 - intravascular 1900, 1911 - flow 1887, 1888 xenobiotics 149, 1384, 1470, 1532 - plasma 1895 - impedance 1886, 1887 xenon-133 (133Xe) clearance 566 - pulse 1870 - pressure 1887 Xenopus 142 - replacement 1911 - pulse 1888, 1889, 1891 voluntary contraction, maximum 2156 - reflexion 1887 Yalow, R.S. 7 vomiting 1577, 1604, 1643 - velocity 1888, 1889 yoga 1738 - acid-base balance 1577 waves, slow 903 yohimbine 98 - alkalosis 1581 - Ca h spike 903 - cerebral edema 1567 - Ca'+ transient 903 Z-band 912,918,919,923,926 - dehydration 1564 WBC 1785 Z-disk 912,918,919,923,926 - reflex 1296 - amoeboidal movement 1786 Z-line 912,918,919,923,926 von Euler-Liljestrand effect 2044 - emigration 1785 zebrin 1049 von Recklinghausen disease 11 0 - endothelium interaction 1789 Zeitgeist 9 von Willebrand factor 1986, 1988 - margination 1785 zero current conditions 1219 VOR 829,831 - rheology 1785, 1786 zero current potential 247, 250 vowel quality 11 0 1 WBC-RBC interaction 1787 zero current voltage 151, 152, 155 VPAF 747 weak base 151 Zollinger -Ellison VPL 625,626,628,639 weaning 2382 - syndrome 1336 VRG 2080 - infant nutrition 2382 zona VSA 2214 Weber-Fechner 769,990 - glomerulosa 1483 Weber's law 305 - solita ria 656 Wada test 1138, 1143 weight 2444, 2448 - terminal 624 Wagner, R. 6 weight training 2398 zonal metabolism 1393 waist to hip ratio 1430 weightlessness 2176 zonation patterns 1393 wakefulness 798,1061,1150, 1153 - hydrostatic pressure gradient 2176 - "gradient type" 1393 Wald, G. 7 Weizsacker, V. von 6 - "strict or compartment type" 1393 wall stress 1870,1872, 1872, 1879, 1922 Werner's disease 2411 zone I 2074 washout 1902 Wernicke's area 113 7 zone 2 2074 water 149, 1322, 2300 Westheimer paradigm 872 zone 3 2075 - absorption 1509,1511,1637 wetness 668 zone, active 308 - conservation 1536 Wezler, K. 6 zones 2074 - content 1625 "where" and "what" system 879 - para sagittal 1049 - deprivation 1506 white blood cells 1695 zonula 763 - diuresis 1489, 1510, 1532 white matter 569 zonulae adherentes 192 - excretion 1506 whole cell patch clamp 151, 152 - cytoskeletal organization 192 - impermeable 1500 Widmark, E.M.P. 7 zonule, ciliary 836 -intake 1540,1626,1636,1639 Wiesel, T. 7 zoology 10 - intoxication Wiggers, C.J. 6 zygote 2249, 2272 -- selfinduced 1645 Wilbrand, J.B. 4 zymogens 1328

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