Mars Frontier
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THE MARS FRONTIER Vol. 13 Outward Expansion Copyright © 2009 Robert H. Stockman All rights reserved Contents 1. Giovanni Piazzi 2 2. Conspiracy 23 3. Arrivals 40 4. A New Term 59 5. Launch 79 6. Migrants 98 7. Beginnings 115 8. Criticality 131 9. Milestones 147 10. Launch 165 11. Harvest 183 12. Vacation 195 13. Accident 216 14. Earthflight 234 1 1 Giovanni Piazzi December 20, 2060 Its appearance could best be described as a flying saucer. The disk of kevlar and superstrong plastics was thirty-two meters in diameter, with a sharply curved bottom and a flattish top. As the caravel entered the outermost wisps of Martian atmosphere, the heat shield on the curved bottom began to glow. Plumes of ionized air began to stream past it. On its flattish top, the fuel tanks and the docking area were in the heat shield’s shadow and were undisturbed by the plasma mere meters away. The Giovanni Piazzi was returning to Mars after four years of exploration of the asteroid belt. On board were twenty-four crew, two children, and several tonnes of samples from four asteroids: Astrea, Ceres, Hebe, and Flora. The passage through the Martian atmosphere lasted only a few minutes, sufficient to rub off several kilometers per second of velocity and capture the Piazzi into an orbit around Dusty Red. Twenty-four hours later, the Piazzi rendezvoused with Embarcadero Station, Mars’s interplanetary transit facility, a collection of modules in an elliptical 400 kilometer by 33,740 kilometer, 24.6-hour orbit. Waiting were two Hermes-class shuttles. The crew transferred themselves, their luggage, and their samples to the shuttles and fifteen hours later the lead shuttle, the Nirgal, fired its engines and lowered its periapsis into the Martian atmosphere. The Bahram followed fifteen minutes later. After twelve hours of floating, the Nirgal flew deeply into Mars’s atmosphere, losing eighty percent of its velocity. Parachutes and its rocket engines removed the rest and the vehicle settled onto pad three at Aurorae spaceport. The Bahram followed. Half 2 an hour later, two six-wheeled Conestogas, each carrying a dozen of the crew and one child, arrived in Andalus Square, where several hundred Marsians waited to greet them. As the door of the Conestoga carrying Helmut, Clara, and Charlie Langlais opened, the crowd outside began to applaud. Six-year old Charlie was frightened by the sound. “It’s okay, Charlie; they’re greeting us,” said his mother, Clara. “Oh, Commander Vickers is waving, so be sure to wave, too, okay?” “It sounds like everyone in Aurorae Outpost is here to greet us,” commented Helmut. He took Charlie’s hand. “Let’s go.” The boy hesitated, then stepped outside with his parents. They instantly moved from the cocoon of a vehicle interior to exposure to a crowd of perhaps 700. Charlie had been two when they left Mars and remembered nothing of the Outpost; he was overwhelmed and his reaction was as much fear as fascination. Helmut and Clara were dazzled by what they saw as well, partly because their entire world had been either bare rock and vacuum, or a thirty-two meter in diameter caravel for four years. Andalus Dome was the largest in the outpost, 160 meters in diameter, soaring 80 meters above the ground. Through the 20,000 square meters of advanced plastics overhead one could see the pinkish Martian sky with early morning cirrus made of ice crystals. The 1600 meter high northern escarpment of Valles Marineris rent the northern horizon with a mountain wall of tumbled rock, twenty kilometers distant. Closer by were the numerous buildings inside the Dome, five or six stories high, though the campanile attached to the Mars Authority building on the dome’s west side soared to forty meters height. 3 Charlie reached down to pick up a piece of dirt on the pavement. Clara scolded him and told him to drop it. Then she waved to the crowd, which Charlie did reluctantly. They stepped up several steps and onto the platform. Just then, much to their surprise, a band began to play; it had been hidden by the platform. “Wow, music too!” said Charlie. “Yes, this is a big welcome,” replied Clara. “Here’s grandpa, shake his hand.” Sebastian Langlais, head of the Asteroid Belt Commission, stood at the top of the steps to greet each of the arriving crewmembers. When Helmut reached him he smiled at his older son, whom he hadn’t seen for four years, and embraced him, tears in his eyes. Clara was next. “Welcome home, Clara,” he said, and he embraced her as well. His voice broke slightly. “Thanks, dad,” she replied and she gave him a kiss on the cheek. Sebastian bent down to Charlie, who was startled to be standing in front of a grandfather he didn’t remember. Never mind that he had seen him twice a week by video and had even spoken to him; a grandfather in the flesh was overwhelming. After one look he turned and grabbed his mom. Sebastian smiled and retreated. The three of them stepped onto the platform and moved down the line of chairs, but remained standing. Once all twenty-four crew members and their two children were in place, Sebastian moved to the podium. He looked at them, gestured to them, and the crowd erupted in applause again. “You deserve every clap,” he began. “Four years ago, twenty-six people left for a mission to Astrea, Ceres, Hebe, and Flora. They were flying the latest space vehicle, but 4 one that had never been operated in deep space four years straight. They visited all four asteroids, toured the heart of the Asteroid Belt, explored the queen of the belt—the minor planet Ceres—for over a year, made unnumbered discoveries of immense significance, vastly expanded our knowledge of the formation of this solar system, then returned safely home. Never before have human beings cast off from the shore of civilization, gone so far, and stayed away so long. They returned with or sent back literally tonnes of samples, some of which are already on their way to Earth. Others are destined to be on a ship to Earth in a matter of months. Furthermore, this was a community—a village—which included two children. Never before have children gone into space on a mission of exploration before. Their successful, healthy return sets a precedent for the expansion of humanity across this solar system and beyond to the stars. Finally, this community operated with impressive unity of purpose and social cohesion. Their courage will be an example to us, their creativity a model for us, their friendship a beacon to us for a very long time. We are happy, relieved, and proud they have returned home safely.” Sebastian sat to another flood of applause. Dr. Enlai Tang, Chair of the Mars Council, legislative body of the Mars Authority, rose next. “My friends, welcome home.” He said it slowly, deliberately, and with great emotional force in his voice, which generated additional applause. “The Mars that greets you looks different from the one that saw you off four years ago. In 2056 you trained in a newly pressurized dome called Andalus. It was barren, unimproved polder. Look at it now! It is the heart of a community of nearly 2,000 people, with shops, homes, schools, and offices. The transformation you see has been confirmed by your odyssey of exploration. Humanity can expand into space, not just as small teams of scientists and 5 engineers, but as families as well. Mars demonstrated this first; it is now the home to nearly a thousand children, the oldest of whom are in university. You have now demonstrated that families can be successful off-planet. “In the next few years, human beings will reach Jupiter. You have proved that the equipment and social conditions for such a trip are possible, and that we have been able to invent the first and pioneer the last. When people visit the Galileans for the first time, they will owe you a debt of gratitude. “Finally, you have helped make Mars the center of future space exploration. We have the skilled personnel, the experience, the equipment, the will, and the courage to push humanity’s frontier outward. Increasingly, humanity is turning to us for participation in great adventures of exploration. Next year the Chinese will launch their first mission to the asteroid belt from Mars orbit. Your return to Mars brings us the skilled personnel to attract other national projects. We look forward to your participation in many future missions to expand human knowledge.” Enlai nodded and sat to applause. Helmut raised his eyebrows; he hadn’t realized that what they had accomplished would set the stage for a wide range of projects. He watched Commander Charles Vickers rise and walk to the podium. “There are so many people here who are our friends,” he began. “And so many people here we do not yet know, who will soon be our friends. On behalf of my crew, thank you all for an incredible welcome. We are not used to being told that we are courageous, or even to hear that Mars has now proved its ability to conduct deep-space missions. We did what we were trained to do. Mission Control here and in Houston did what it was trained to do. We left confident that everyone had the training to complete the 6 mission. We completed it and many additional tasks. We hit unexpected obstacles; it is true that our equipment functioned for four years, but during the last year the necessary maintenance work doubled.