DOCSLIB.ORG

Bibliography

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander, M. (1961) Introduction to Soil Microbiology (Wiley, New York) Allen, R.D. (1967) 'Fine structure, reconstruction and possible func­ tion of components of the cortex of Tetrahymena pyriformis.' Journal of Protozoology, 14,553 - (1969) 'The morphogenesis of basal bodies and accessory structures of the cortex of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis.' Journal of Cell Biology, 40, 716-33 - (1972) 'Patterns of birefringence in the giant amoeba, Chaos caro­ linensis.' Experimental Cell Research, 72,34-45 - (1974) 'Food vacuole membrane growth with microtubule­ associated membrane transport in Paramecium.' Journal of Cell Biology, 63,904-22 - (1981) 'Motility.' Journal of Cell Biology, 91,148-55 Allen, R.D. and Fok, A. (1980) 'Membrane recycling and endocytosis in Paramecium confirmed by horseradish peroxidase pulse-chase studies.' Journal of Cell Science, 45, 131-45 Allen, R.D., Frances, D.W. and Zeh, R. (1971) 'Direct test of the posi­ tive pressure gradient theory of pseudopod extension and retraction in amoebae.' Science, 174, 1237-40 Allen, R.D. and Staehelin, L.A. (1981) 'Digestive system membranes: freeze-fracture evidence for differentiation and flow in Paramecium.' Journal of Cell Biology, 89,9-20 Anderson, O.R. (1980) 'Radiolaria' in M. Levandowsky and S.H. Hutner (eds), Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa (Academic Press, New York) Anderson, R.V., Elliott, E.T., McClellan, J.F., Coleman, D.C., Cole, C.V. and Hunt, H.W. (1978) 'Trophic interactions in soils as they affect energy and nutrient dynamics. III. Biotic interactions of bacteria, amoebae and nematodes.' Microbial Ecology, 4, 361-71 Andrews, G .A. (1947) 'Temperature effect upon rate of feeding in a folliculinid.' Physiological Zoology, 20, 1-4 Apostol, S. (1973) 'A bioassay of toxicity using Protozoa in the study 188 Bibliography 189 of aquatic environment pollution and its prevention.' Environmental Research, 6,365-72 Ardern, E. and Lockett, W.T. (1928) Manchester Rivers Department Annual Report, 41-6 Baines, S., Hawkes, H.A., Hewitt, C.H. and Jenkins, S.H. (1953) 'Proto­ zoa as indicators in activated-sludge treatment.' Sewage and Industrial Wastes, 25, 1023-33 Baker, J.R. (1948) 'Status of Protozoa.' Nature, London, 161, 548-51 Baldock, B. and Baker, J.H. (1980) 'The occurrence and growth rates of Polychaos fasciculatum, a rediscovered amoeba.' Protistoligica, 16, 79-83 Baldock, B., Baker, J.H. and Sleigh, M.A. (1980) 'Laboratory growth rates of six species of freshwater Gymnamoebia.' Oecologia (Berlin), 47, 156-9 Baldock, B., Rogerson, A. and Berger, J. (1982) 'Further studies on respiratory rates offreshwater amoebae (Rhizopoda; Gymnamoebia).' Microbial Ecology, 8, 55-60 Bannister, L.H. and Tatchell, E.C. (1968) 'Contractility and the fibre systems of Stentor coentleus.' Journal of Cell Science, 3,295-308 Bardele, C.F. (1972) 'A microtubule model for ingestion and transport in the suctorian tentacle.' Zeitschrift fUr Zellforschung und Mikro­ skopische Anatomie, 126, 116 -34 - (1974) 'Transport of materials in the suctorian tentacle.' Society of Experimental Biology Symposium, 28, 191-208 - (1975) 'The fine structure of the centrohelidan heliozoan Hetero­ phrys marina.' Cell and Tissue Research, 161,85-102 - (1977) 'Organization and control of microtubule pattern in centro­ helidan Helizoa.' Journal of Protozoology, 24,9-14 Bark, A.W. (1981) 'The temporal and spatial distribution of planktonic and benthic protozoan communities in a small productive lake.' Hydrobiologia, 85,239-55 Barsdale, R.I., Prentki, R.T. and Fenchel, T. (1974) 'Phosphorus cycle of model ecosystems: significance for decomposer food chains and effect of bacterial grazers.' Oikos, 25, 239-51 Beers, C.D. (1937) 'The viability of ten-year-old Didinium cysts (Infusoria).' American Naturalist, 71,521-4 - (1945) 'The encystment process in the ciliate Didinium nasutum.' Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 61,264-75 - (1966) 'The excystment process in the ciliate Nassula ornata Ehrgb.' Journal of Protozoology, 13,79-83 Berger, J. (1979) 'The feeding behavior of Didinium nasutum on an 190 Bibliography atypical prey ciliate Colpidium campylum.' Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 98,487-94 Berk, S.G., Brownlee, D.C., Heinle, D.R., Kling, H.J. and Colwell, R.R. (1977) 'Ciliates as a food source for marine planktonic copepods.' Microbial Ecology, 4, 27-40 Bessen, M., Fay, R.B. and Witman, G.B. (1980) 'Calcium control of waveform in isolated flagellar axonemes of Chlamydomonas.' Journal of Cell Biology, 86,446-55 Bick, H. (1973) 'Population dynamics of Protozoa associated with the decay of organic materials in fresh water.' American Zoologist, 13, 149-60 Birge, E.A. and Juday, C. (1911) 'The inland lakes of Wisconsin. The dissolved gases and their biological significance.' Bulletin of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, 22, 1-16 Bleyman, L.K. (1975) 'Mating type and sexual maturation in Blepha­ risma. 'Genetics (Suppl.), 80, 14 Bogdanowicz, A. (1930) 'Uber die konjugation von Loxodes striatus (Engelm) Penard und Loxodes rostrum (O.F.M. Ehrenb.).' Zoo­ logischer Anzeiger, 87,209-22 Bowers, B. and Korn, E.D. (1969) 'The fine structure of Acanthamoeba castellanii. II. Encystment.' Journal of Cell Biology, 41,786-805 Bradfield, J.R.G. (1955) 'Fibre patterns in animal flagella and cilia.' Symposium of the Society for Experimental Biology, 9,306-34 Brown, M.E. and Walker, N. (1970) 'Indolyl-3-acetic acid formation by Azotobacter chroococcum.' Plant and Soil, 32,250-3 Bryant, V.M.T. and Laybourn, J.E.M. (1972/3) 'The vertical distribu­ tion of Ciliophora and Nematoda in the sediments of Loch Leven, Kinross.' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (B), 74, 17, 265-73 Buswell, A.M. and Long, H.L. (1923) 'Microbiology and theory of activated-sludge.' Journal of the American Water Works Association, 10,309-21 Butzel, H.M. and Horowitz, H. (1965) 'Encystment of Didinium nasutum.' Journal of Protozoology, 12,413-16 Cairns, J., Kuhn, D.L. and Plafkin, J.L. (1979) 'Protozoan colonisation of artificial substrates.' American Society for the Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication, 690 Chapman-Andersen, C. and Prescott, D.M. (1956) 'Studies on pino­ cytosis in the amoeba Chaos chaos and Amoeba proteus.' Comptes Rendus de Travaux du Laboratoire Carlsberg, 30,57-78 Chen, Y.T. (1950) 'Investigations of the biology of Peranema Bibliography 191 trichophorum.' Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 91, 279-308 Cole, C.V., Elliott, E.T., Hunt, H.W. and Coleman, D.C. (1978) 'Trophic interactions in soils as they affect energy and nutrient dynamics. V. Phosphorus transformations.' Microbial Ecology, 4,381-7 Cole, G.A. (I955) 'An ecological study of the microbenthic fauna of two Minnesota lakes.' American Midland Naturalist, 53, 213-30 Coleman, A.W. (1980) 'Sexuality in colonial green flagellates' in M. Levadnowsky and S.H. Hutner (eds), Biochemistry and Physio­ logy of Protozoa (Academic Press, New York) Coleman, D.C., Anderson, R.V., Cole, C.V., Elliott, E.T., Woods, L. and Campion, M.K. (I978) 'Trophic interactions in soils as they affect energy and nutrient dynamics. IV. Flows of metabolic and biomass carbon.' Microbial Ecology, 4,373-80 Corliss, 1.0. (1956) 'On the evolution and systematics of ciliated Protozoa.' Systematic Zoology, 5,68-91,121-40 - (1960) 'Comments on the systematics and phylogeny of the Proto­ zoa.' Systematic Zoology, 8, 169-90 - (I 961) The Ciliate Protozoa (Pergamon Press, Oxford) - (I972) 'The ciliate Protozoa and other organisms: some unresolved questions of major phylogenetic significance.' American Zoologist, 12,739-53 - (I979) The Ciliated Protozoa, 2nd edn (Pergamon Press, Oxford and New York) Corliss, 1.0. and Esser, S.C. (1974) 'Comments on the role of the cyst in the life-cycle and survival of free-living Protozoa.' Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 93, 578-93 Coull, B.C., Ellison, R.L., Fleeger, 1., Higgins, W., Hope, R.P., Hummon, W.n., Reiger, R.M., Sterrer, W.E., Theil, H. and Tietjen, 1.H. (1977) 'Quantitative estimates of the meiofauna from the deep sea off North Carolina, USA,' Marine Biology, 39, 233-40 Coilteaux, M.M. (I975) 'Ecologie des Theamoebiens de quelques humis bruts forestiers; l'espece dans la dynamique de l'equilibre.' Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 12, 421-47 - (I976) 'Dynamisme de l'equilibre des Theamoebiens dans quelques sol climactiques.' Memoires du Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Ser. A. Zool., 96, 1-183 Curds, C.R. (I963) 'The flocculation of suspended matter by Parame­ cium caudatum.' Journal of General Microbiology, 33,357-63 - (1966) 'An ecological study of ciliated Protozoa in activated-sludge.' Oikos, 15, 282-9 192 Bibliography Curds, C.R. (1973) 'The role of Protozoa in the activated-sludge process.' American Zoologist, 13, 161-9 - (1975) 'Protozoa' in C.R. Curds and H.A. Hawkes (eds), Ecological Aspects of Used- Water Treatment (Academic Press, London) - (1977) 'Microbial interactions involving protozoa' in F.A. Skinner and J.M. Shewan (eds), Aquatic Microbiology (Academic Press, London) Curds, C.R. and Cockburn, A. (1968) 'Studies on the growth and feeding of Tetrahymena pyriformis in axenic and monoxenic cul­ ture.' Journal of General Microbiology, 54,343-58 - (1970a) 'Protozoa in biological sewage-treatment processes. I. A survey of the protozoan fauna of British percolating-filter and and activated-sludge plants.' Water Research, 4, 225-36 - (1970b) 'Protozoa in biological sewage treatment processes. II. Protozoa as indicators in the activated-sludge process.' Water Research, 4, 237-49 - (1971) 'Continuous monoxenic culture of Tetrahymena pyriformis.' Journal of General Microbiology, 66,95-108 Curds, C.R., Cockburn, A. and Vandyke, J .M. (1968) 'An experimental study of the role of ciliated Protozoa in the activated-sludge pro­ cess.' Water Pollution Control, 67,312-29 Curds, C.R., Cates, M.A. and Roberts, D. MeL. (1983) British and Other Freshwater Ciliated Protozoa. Part III. Ciliophora; Oligo­ hymenophora and Polyhymenophora (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge) Curds, C.R.
Recommended publications
  • Handout Lec. 25

    Handout Lec. 25

    Introduction to Biosystematics - Zool 575 Introduction to Biosystematics Confidence - Assessment of the Strength of Lecture 25 - Confidence - Assessment 2 the Phylogenetic Signal - part 2 1. Consistency Index 2. g1 statistic, PTP - test “Quantifying the uncertainty of a phylogenetic 3. Consensus trees estimate is at least as important a goal as obtaining the phylogenetic estimate itself.” 4. Decay index (Bremer Support) - Huelsenbeck & Rannala (2004) 5. Bootstrapping / Jackknifing 6. Statistical hypothesis testing (frequentist) 7. Posterior probability (see lecture on Bayesian) Derek S. Sikes University of Calgary Zool 575 Multiple optimal trees Multiple optimal trees • Many methods can yield multiple equally • If multiple optimal trees are found we know optimal trees that all of them are wrong except, possibly, (hopefully) one • We can further select among these trees with additional criteria, but • Some have argued against consensus tree methods for this reason • Typically, relationships common to all the optimal trees are summarized with • Debate over quest for true tree (point consensus trees estimate) versus quantification of uncertainty Consensus methods Strict consensus methods • A consensus tree is a summary of the agreement • Strict consensus methods require agreement among a set of fundamental trees across all the fundamental trees • There are many consensus methods that differ in: • They show only those relationships that are 1. the kind of agreement unambiguously supported by the data 2. the level of agreement • The commonest

  • Molecular Data and the Evolutionary History of Dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Un

    Molecular data and the evolutionary history of dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg, 1993 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Botany We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA November 2003 © Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria, 2003 ABSTRACT New sequences of ribosomal and protein genes were combined with available morphological and paleontological data to produce a phylogenetic framework for dinoflagellates. The evolutionary history of some of the major morphological features of the group was then investigated in the light of that framework. Phylogenetic trees of dinoflagellates based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) are generally poorly resolved but include many well- supported clades, and while combined analyses of SSU and LSU (large subunit ribosomal RNA) improve the support for several nodes, they are still generally unsatisfactory. Protein-gene based trees lack the degree of species representation necessary for meaningful in-group phylogenetic analyses, but do provide important insights to the phylogenetic position of dinoflagellates as a whole and on the identity of their close relatives. Molecular data agree with paleontology in suggesting an early evolutionary radiation of the group, but whereas paleontological data include only taxa with fossilizable cysts, the new data examined here establish that this radiation event included all dinokaryotic lineages, including athecate forms. Plastids were lost and replaced many times in dinoflagellates, a situation entirely unique for this group. Histones could well have been lost earlier in the lineage than previously assumed.
  • Geotaxis in the Ciliated Protozoon Loxodes

    Geotaxis in the Ciliated Protozoon Loxodes

    J. exp. Biol. 110, 17-33 (1984) 17 d in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1984 GEOTAXIS IN THE CILIATED PROTOZOON LOXODES BY T. FENCHEL Department of Ecology and Genetics, University ofAarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark AND B. J. FINLAY Freshwater Biological Association, The Ferry House, Ambleside, Cumbria LA22 OLP, U.K. Accepted 14 November 1983 SUMMARY Geotaxis is demonstrated in the ciliated protozoon Loxodes. This behaviour is mediated by a mechanoreceptor which is probably the Muller body, an organelle characteristic of loxodid ciliates. The geotactic response is sensitive to dissolved oxygen tension: in anoxia or at very low O2 tensions the ciliates tend to swim up and at higher O2 tensions they tend to swim down. This behaviour, in conjunction with a kinetic response allows the ciliates to orientate themselves in vertical O2 gradients and to congregate in their optimum environment. In two appendices, models of the behaviour predicting vertical distribution patterns and considerations of the minimum size of a functional statocyst are offered. INTRODUCTION Many protozoa display a pronounced positive or negative geotaxis. The mechan- isms responsible for this have been the subject of a prolonged dispute (for references see Roberts, 1970). In the species studied so far, however, there is no evidence of mechanoreceptors. Rather, the geotactic behaviour can be explained as the result of the interactions between sinking velocity, swimming velocity, rate of random reorientation and the net result of gravitational and hydrodynamical forces. These tend passively to orientate the anterior end of the cells upwards. Through modulations of the swimming velocity and the rate of random reorientation, the cells can change their probability of moving upwards and hence their vertical distribution in the water column.
  • The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor Coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell

    The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor Coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell

    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (Biology) Department of Biology 2-20-2017 The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell Mark M. Slabodnick University of California, San Francisco J. G. Ruby University of California, San Francisco Sarah B. Reiff University of California, San Francisco Estienne C. Swart University of Bern Sager J. Gosai University of Pennsylvania See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/biology_papers Recommended Citation Slabodnick, M. M., Ruby, J. G., Reiff, S. B., Swart, E. C., Gosai, S. J., Prabakaran, S., Witkowska, E., Larue, G. E., Gregory, B. D., Nowacki, M., Derisi, J., Roy, S. W., Marshall, W. F., & Sood, P. (2017). The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell. Current Biology, 27 (4), 569-575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.057 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/biology_papers/49 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Macronuclear Genome of Stentor coeruleus Reveals Tiny Introns in a Giant Cell Abstract The giant, single-celled organism Stentor coeruleus has a long history as a model system for studying pattern formation and regeneration in single cells. Stentor [1, 2] is a heterotrichous ciliate distantly related to familiar ciliate models, such as Tetrahymena or Paramecium. The primary distinguishing feature of Stentor is its incredible size: a single cell is 1 mm long. Early developmental biologists, including T.H. Morgan [3], were attracted to the system because of its regenerative abilities—if large portions of a cell are surgically removed, the remnant reorganizes into a normal-looking but smaller cell with correct proportionality [2, 3].
  • A Revised Classification of Naked Lobose Amoebae (Amoebozoa

    A Revised Classification of Naked Lobose Amoebae (Amoebozoa

    Protist, Vol. 162, 545–570, October 2011 http://www.elsevier.de/protis Published online date 28 July 2011 PROTIST NEWS A Revised Classification of Naked Lobose Amoebae (Amoebozoa: Lobosa) Introduction together constitute the amoebozoan subphy- lum Lobosa, which never have cilia or flagella, Molecular evidence and an associated reevaluation whereas Variosea (as here revised) together with of morphology have recently considerably revised Mycetozoa and Archamoebea are now grouped our views on relationships among the higher-level as the subphylum Conosa, whose constituent groups of amoebae. First of all, establishing the lineages either have cilia or flagella or have lost phylum Amoebozoa grouped all lobose amoe- them secondarily (Cavalier-Smith 1998, 2009). boid protists, whether naked or testate, aerobic Figure 1 is a schematic tree showing amoebozoan or anaerobic, with the Mycetozoa and Archamoe- relationships deduced from both morphology and bea (Cavalier-Smith 1998), and separated them DNA sequences. from both the heterolobosean amoebae (Page and The first attempt to construct a congruent molec- Blanton 1985), now belonging in the phylum Per- ular and morphological system of Amoebozoa by colozoa - Cavalier-Smith and Nikolaev (2008), and Cavalier-Smith et al. (2004) was limited by the the filose amoebae that belong in other phyla lack of molecular data for many amoeboid taxa, (notably Cercozoa: Bass et al. 2009a; Howe et al. which were therefore classified solely on morpho- 2011). logical evidence. Smirnov et al. (2005) suggested The phylum Amoebozoa consists of naked and another system for naked lobose amoebae only; testate lobose amoebae (e.g. Amoeba, Vannella, this left taxa with no molecular data incertae sedis, Hartmannella, Acanthamoeba, Arcella, Difflugia), which limited its utility.
  • Protistology an International Journal Vol

    Protistology an International Journal Vol

    Protistology An International Journal Vol. 10, Number 2, 2016 ___________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM «PROTIST–2016» Yuri Mazei (Vice-Chairman) Welcome Address 2 Organizing Committee 3 Organizers and Sponsors 4 Abstracts 5 Author Index 94 Forum “PROTIST-2016” June 6–10, 2016 Moscow, Russia Website: http://onlinereg.ru/protist-2016 WELCOME ADDRESS Dear colleagues! Republic) entitled “Diplonemids – new kids on the block”. The third lecture will be given by Alexey The Forum “PROTIST–2016” aims at gathering Smirnov (Saint Petersburg State University, Russia): the researchers in all protistological fields, from “Phylogeny, diversity, and evolution of Amoebozoa: molecular biology to ecology, to stimulate cross- new findings and new problems”. Then Sandra disciplinary interactions and establish long-term Baldauf (Uppsala University, Sweden) will make a international scientific cooperation. The conference plenary presentation “The search for the eukaryote will cover a wide range of fundamental and applied root, now you see it now you don’t”, and the fifth topics in Protistology, with the major focus on plenary lecture “Protist-based methods for assessing evolution and phylogeny, taxonomy, systematics and marine water quality” will be made by Alan Warren DNA barcoding, genomics and molecular biology, (Natural History Museum, United Kingdom). cell biology, organismal biology, parasitology, diversity and biogeography, ecology of soil and There will be two symposia sponsored by ISoP: aquatic protists, bioindicators and palaeoecology. “Integrative co-evolution between mitochondria and their hosts” organized by Sergio A. Muñoz- The Forum is organized jointly by the International Gómez, Claudio H. Slamovits, and Andrew J. Society of Protistologists (ISoP), International Roger, and “Protists of Marine Sediments” orga- Society for Evolutionary Protistology (ISEP), nized by Jun Gong and Virginia Edgcomb.
  • The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes

    The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231610049 The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes Article in Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology · September 2012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 961 2,825 25 authors, including: Sina M Adl Alastair Simpson University of Saskatchewan Dalhousie University 118 PUBLICATIONS 8,522 CITATIONS 264 PUBLICATIONS 10,739 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Christopher E Lane David Bass University of Rhode Island Natural History Museum, London 82 PUBLICATIONS 6,233 CITATIONS 464 PUBLICATIONS 7,765 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Biodiversity and ecology of soil taste amoeba View project Predator control of diversity View project All content following this page was uploaded by Smirnov Alexey on 25 October 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. The Journal of Published by the International Society of Eukaryotic Microbiology Protistologists J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 59(5), 2012 pp. 429–493 © 2012 The Author(s) Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology © 2012 International Society of Protistologists DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes SINA M. ADL,a,b ALASTAIR G. B. SIMPSON,b CHRISTOPHER E. LANE,c JULIUS LUKESˇ,d DAVID BASS,e SAMUEL S. BOWSER,f MATTHEW W. BROWN,g FABIEN BURKI,h MICAH DUNTHORN,i VLADIMIR HAMPL,j AARON HEISS,b MONA HOPPENRATH,k ENRIQUE LARA,l LINE LE GALL,m DENIS H. LYNN,n,1 HILARY MCMANUS,o EDWARD A. D.
  • Macronuclear DNA in Stentor Coeruleus: a First Approach to Its Characterization

    Macronuclear DNA in Stentor Coeruleus: a First Approach to Its Characterization

    Genet. Res., Camb. (1976), 27, pp. 277-289 277 With 2 plates and 5 text-figures Printed in Great Britain Macronuclear DNA in Stentor coeruleus: a first approach to its characterization BY B. PELVAT AND G. DE HALLER Laboratoire de Biologie des Protistes, Departement de Biologie Animale, Universite de Geneve, 1211 Geneve 4 (Suisse) (Received 10 October 1975) SUMMARY The macronuclei of Stentor coeruleus were isolated on a discontinuous sucrose gradient and their DNA was purified by conventional methods. The GC content was 32 mole %. The DNA banded as a single peak on analytical ultracentrifugation at 1-691 g/cm3. The molecular weight of the DNA was 5 x 106 to 4 x 107 daltons. Genome size determined by DNA- DNA reassociation kinetics was 6 x 1010 daltons. The macronuclear genome was mostly simple, about 85 % being made of non-repetitive sequences. 1. INTRODUCTION Stentor coeruleus is a common freshwater protozoan which contains two different types of nuclei: a nodular macronucleus and several micronuclei (Plate 1, fig. 1). In a general way, genetic continuity is maintained in ciliates by the micronucleus through mitosis and conjugation. In heterotrichs, micronuclear function and formation of the macronucleus is not well understood. Conjugation is observed in Blepharisma (Giese, 1973; Miyake & Beyer, 1973). In Spirostomum, conjugation is rare, but macronuclear development with well-organized chromosomes has been described by Rao (1968). Little information is available for Stentor coeruleus. In this species, conjugation is a very rare event (Plate 1, fig. 2) (Tartar, 1961). It sometimes appears in laboratory cultures, but no reproducible method for inducing it has been reported.
  • Biologia Celular – Cell Biology

    Biologia Celular – Cell Biology

    Biologia Celular – Cell Biology BC001 - Structural Basis of the Interaction of a Trypanosoma cruzi Surface Molecule Implicated in Oral Infection with Host Cells and Gastric Mucin CORTEZ, C.*1; YOSHIDA, N.1; BAHIA, D.1; SOBREIRA, T.2 1.UNIFESP, SÃO PAULO, SP, BRASIL; 2.SINCROTRON, CAMPINAS, SP, BRASIL. e-mail:[email protected] Host cell invasion and dissemination within the host are hallmarks of virulence for many pathogenic microorganisms. As concerns Trypanosoma cruzi that causes Chagas disease, the insect vector-derived metacyclic trypomastigotes (MT) initiate infection by invading host cells, and later blood trypomastigotes disseminate to diverse organs and tissues. Studies with MT generated in vitro and tissue culture-derived trypomastigotes (TCT), as counterparts of insect- borne and bloodstream parasites, have implicated members of the gp85/trans-sialidase superfamily, MT gp82 and TCT Tc85-11, in cell invasion and interaction with host factors. Here we analyzed the gp82 structure/function characteristics and compared them with those previously reported for Tc85-11. One of the gp82 sequences identified as a cell binding site consisted of an alpha-helix, which connects the N-terminal beta-propeller domain to the C- terminal beta-sandwich domain where the second binding site is nested. In the gp82 structure model, both sites were exposed at the surface. Unlike gp82, the Tc85-11 cell adhesion sites are located in the N-terminal beta-propeller region. The gp82 sequence corresponding to the epitope for a monoclonal antibody that inhibits MT entry into target cells was exposed on the surface, upstream and contiguous to the alpha-helix. Located downstream and close to the alpha-helix was the gp82 gastric mucin binding site, which plays a central role in oral T.
  • Consensus Methods Strict Consensus Methods

    Consensus Methods Strict Consensus Methods

    Systematics - Bio 615 Confidence - Assessment of the Strength of the Phylogenetic Signal - part 2 1. Consistency Index 2. g1 statistic, PTP - test 3. Consensus trees 4. Decay index (Bremer Support) 5. Bootstrapping / Jackknifing 6. Statistical hypothesis testing (frequentist) 7. Posterior probability (see lecture on Bayesian) Derek S. Sikes University of Alaska Multiple optimal trees Multiple optimal trees • Many methods can yield multiple equally • If multiple optimal trees are found we know optimal trees that all of them are wrong except, possibly, (hopefully) one (as species tree, not gene trees) • We can further select among these trees with additional criteria, but • Some have argued against consensus tree methods for this reason • Typically, relationships common to all the optimal trees are summarized with • Debate over quest for true tree (point consensus trees estimate) versus quantification of uncertainty Consensus methods Strict consensus methods • A consensus tree is a summary of the agreement • Strict consensus methods require agreement among a set of fundamental trees across all the fundamental trees • There are many consensus methods that differ in: • They show only those relationships that are 1. the kind of agreement unambiguously supported by the data 2. the level of agreement • The commonest method (strict component • Consensus methods can be used with multiple consensus) focuses on clades/components/full trees from a single analysis or from multiple splits analyses 1 Systematics - Bio 615 Strict consensus methods Strict
  • Studies on Reactions to Stimuli in Unicellular Organisms

    Studies on Reactions to Stimuli in Unicellular Organisms

    STUDIES ON REACTIONS TO STIMULI IN UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS. V. - ON THE MOVEMENTS AND MOTOR REFLEXES OF THE FLAGELLATA AND CILIATA? BY HERBERT S. JENNINGS. CONTENTS, Page I. Introduction . 229-231 II. Flagellata . 231-236 Chilomonas paramecium Ehr. ; Euglena viridis Ehr. ; other Euglenidae. III. Ciliata . 236-254 A. Holotricha . , . 236-246 Paramecium caudatum Ehr. ; Loxophyllum meleagris 0. F. M. ; Colpidium colpoda Ehr. ; Microthorax sulcatus Eng. ; Dileptus anser 0. F. M.; Loxodes rostrum 0. F. M. ; Prorodon. B. Heterotricha . o . 246-248 Stentor polymorphus Mull. ; Spirostomum ambiguum Ehr. ; Bursaria truncatella 0. F. M. C. Hypotricha . 249-253 Oxytricha fallax Stein; Hypotricha in general. Other Infusoria . 253-254 IV. Analysis of Observations; Summary and Conclusions . 254-260 (I) Formula for Motor Iteflexes ; (2) Determination of the Direction toward which the Organisms turn ; (3) Comparative Sensitive- ness of Different Parts of Body ; (4) Determination of the Direc- tion of Motion along the Body Axis; (5) General Conclusions. I. INTRODUCTION. N the second of these Studies2 I have described the mechanism of I the motor reactions to external stimuli in the ciliate infusorian Paramecium caudatum. As there set forth, this animal has a fixed form of motor reaction to stimuli of all classes, which, expressed in general terms, is as follows : When unstimulated the animal swims with a certain structurally defined end (the “ anterior “) in front. 1 Scientific Results of a Biological Survey of the Great Lakes, directed by Jacob Reighard, under the auspices of the U. S. Fish Commission, INO. V. (Pub- lished by permission of the Hon. George M. Bowers, Commissioner of Fisheries.) 2 JENNINGS : Studies, etc., II.
  • Relationship Between the Flagellates Andthe Ciliates

    Relationship Between the Flagellates Andthe Ciliates

    MICROBIOLOGICAL REVIEWS, Dec. 1992, p. 529-542 Vol. 56, No. 4 0146-0749/92/040529-14$02.00/0 Copyright © 1992, American Society for Microbiology Relationship between the Flagellates and the Ciliates ROBERT EDWARD LEE'* AND PAUL KUGRENS2 Department ofAnatomy and Neurobiologyl* and Department ofBiology, 2 Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 529 COMPARISONS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL STRUCTURES .................529 Dinoflagellates and Ciliates ....................................................................... 529 Comparison of dinoflagellates and ciliates ....................................................................... 531 (i) Cortical alveoli ....................................................................... 531 (ii) Mitochondrial cristae ........................................................................ 531 (iii) Structures of cilia, flagella, and associated structures .....................................................532 (a) Grouping and number of cilia and flagela....................................................................532 (b) Surface and subsurface of cilia and flagela ........................................ ...................532 (c) Basal body structure ....................................................................... 533 (d) Type of ciliaryn ecklace .......................................................................533 (e) Type of ciliary and flagelar roots ......................................................................